Journal articles: 'Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)'

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Singh, Amandeep, and Neel Kanth Grover. "Weld Properties of Low Carbon Steel Using Shielded Metal Arc Welding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 486–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.486.

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Welding is basic part of the most modern assembly and manufacturing operations. Shielded metal Arc Welding process has hard facing and fabrication job application due to low cost electrode, increasing alloy transfer efficiency and low dilution with substrate without losing production capacity. SMAW electrode is coated with metal mixture called flux, which on decompose produce gases to restrict weld contamination, generating deoxidizers to disinfect the weld. The choice of electrode for SMAW lies on a number of factors, like weld material, welding direction and the preferred weld properties. The present paper investigate the microstructure and hardness properties of the Low carbon steel pipe welded using shielded metal arc welding with different electrode combinations.

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Cornish, Neville, Rahim Kurji, Anthony Roccisano, and Reza Ghomashchi. "Techno-economic Feasibility of Modified Pulse Arc Deposition on Thick Section of Quenched and Tempered Steel." MATEC Web of Conferences 269 (2019): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926901012.

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Quenched and Tempered (Q&T) steels welded structures that have numerous applications, particularly in the defence industry. However these steels are particularly prone to Hydrogen Assisted Cold Cracking (HACC) and require a highly-skilled welder to fabricate defect-free structures. This is due to the selection of the manual metal arc welding process of shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). The introduction of Modified Pulsed arc mode of depositions; a variation to Pulsed Arc deposition, has advanced deposition rates and can be employed by welders with a greater variation in skill. In this body of work, full strength butt welds are fabricated on 20mm, sections of Q&T AS/NZS 3597 Grade 700 steel under a high level of restraint using Modified Pulse Gas Metal Welding (GMAW-P) and conventional Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). The study investigates the economic feasibly of the two modes of deposition and the propensity for cracking when welded under high restraint. The study concluded that modified GMAW-P achieved reduction of 63% in the ‘Arc-On' time and an 88% reduction in the total normalised fabrication time. However, due to the increased propensity to lack of fusion type defects, strict controls must be employed in optimising the welding procedure to mediate for such defects if GMAW-P is to provide a techno-economically beneficial alternative to conventional SMAW when welding Q&T steels.

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Niknamian, Sorush. "Investigation of Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Dissimilar Welded Joint between 304 Stainless Steel and Pure Copper." Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal 1, no. 3 (July 29, 2019): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birex.v1i3.382.

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Nowadays, welding of dissimilar metals has become significant. In this process, a number of parameters including but not limited to type of electrode, amount of current, preheating temperature, and welding rate, that are essential to be taken into account. For welding of dissimilar metals, various methods are exploited including shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). The stimulus for studying welding of 304L stainless steel to pure copper originates from difficulties in joining copper parts of water-circulating molds to their steel part. In this study, the welding is performed on plates of steel and copper using SMAW, GTAW and combined SMAW+GTAW welding methods with EL-CuMn2, ENiCrMo-6 and ER70S-4 electrodes. In order to investigate the microstructure and corrosion resistance behavior of welds, the samples were characterized using microstructural study and polarization test. It was observed that among all four welding methods, only combined SMAW+GTAW welding process resulted in successful joint between 304L stainless steel and copper. Both obtained joints possess suitable microstructure and corrosion resistance.

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Baklanov, Sergey V., Anton S. Gordynets, A. S. Kiselev, and Mikhail S. Slobodyan. "New Developments to Reduce Arc Blow during SMAW of Pipelines." Materials Science Forum 938 (October 2018): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.938.96.

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In some cases, magnetic blow does not allow using direct current for shielded metal arc welding. This is especially true for repair work on pipelines after magnetic flaw detection. Alternating current is useful to control magnetic arc blow during welding. The most promising results give technologies using alternating current with a rectangular waveform. However, the advantages of this method have not been used until now. The main goal of this study is to determine the influence of the parameters of the arc on its stability and the metal transfer mode during shielded metal arc welding under perturbing action of the magnetic field. The proposed methodology of experimental research allowed identifying the cause of arc extinction using direct current electrode positive. This is due to displacement of molten droplets of metal by the magnetic field from of the uneven melted electrode coating and its subsequent separation. This problem was solved using alternating current with the square waveform pulse mode at a frequency of 500 Hz. The amplitude-time parameters of the current pulses provide stabilization of the arc and volume of the molten electrode metal.

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Alkahla, Ibrahim, and Salman Pervaiz. "Sustainability assessment of shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 244 (September 2017): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/244/1/012001.

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Zhang, Tian Hui, Wen Min Liu, Ren Ping Xu, and Bin Xu. "Effect of Welding Method on Weld Defects of ADB610 Steel." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 818–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.818.

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Statistical analysis was carried on weld defects of low carbon bainite ADB610 steel using shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and mixed active-gas arc welding (MAG). By Pareto diagram analysis, although the ratio of porosity air hole using SMAW is slightly higher than the one using MAG, there is no qualitative difference in ADB610 steel weld defect types between two welding methods. And the crack occurs seldom, which indicates ADB610 steel has lower crack-sensitivity using SMAW and MAG. By histogram analysis and rank test, it can be concluded that there is distinctive difference in defect size between SMAW and MAG, and the average size using SMAW is bigger than the one using MAG. So if possible, MAG is recommended for low carbon bainite ADB610 steel.

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V. Balaguru, V. Balasubramanian, and P. Shivkumar. "Tensile properties of shielded metal arc welded ultrahigh hard armour steel joints." World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 071–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2020.1.2.0029.

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The present generation Armoured Tracked Vehicles (ATVs) are constructed using Rolled homogenized armour (RHA) grade steels closely confirming with AISI 4340 specifications. However, in future Armoured Tracked Vehicles (ATVs), the overall weight of ATVs has to be reduced enormously and hence, the designers have prescribed to employ Ultra High Hard Armour (UHA) steels for the construction. Welding is considered to be one of the important fabrication methods in ATVs construction. However, welding of UHA steels is highly challenging due to higher hardness and higher carbon content. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) is among the most widely employed welding process in the construction of ATVs since it is more versatile and cost-effective. Armour grade steels are welded conventionally using Austenitic Stainless Steel (ASS) consumables to eliminate the serious problems of hydrogen induced cracking. Hence, in this investigation, an attempt has been made to study the influence of ASS welding consumables on tensile properties and hardness of UHA steel joints made by SMAW process. UHA steel plates having 15 mm thickness were welded by SMAW process using five different ASS consumables (having different Creq/Nieq ratio). Tensile properties (unnotched and notched) of the welded joints were evaluated. From this investigation, it was observed that the joint welded using ASS consumable (having higher Creq/Nieq ratio) exhibited superior tensile properties as result of the evolution of ferrite phase with vermicular and globular morphology in the austenite matrix at weld metal region.

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Kumar, Ravi Ranjan, and P. K. Ghosh. "Fracture Mechanics of Conventional and Narrow Groove Pulse Current Gas Metal Arc Welds of HSLA Steel." Materials Science Forum 710 (January 2012): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.710.451.

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Mechanical and fracture properties of 20MnMoNi55 grade high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel welds have been studied. The weld joints were made using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and Pulse Gas Metal Arc Welding (P-GMAW) methods on conventional V-groove (V-Groove) and Narrow groove (NG-13). The base metal and weld metal were characterised in terms of their metallurgical, mechanical and fracture toughness properties by following ASTM procedures. The J-Integral fracture test was carried out using compact tension C(T) specimen for base and weld metal. The fracture toughness and tensile properties of welds have been correlated with microstructure. In conventional V-groove welds prepared by P-GMAW shows the improvement in initiation fracture toughness (JIC) as compared to the weld prepared by SMAW. Similar improvements in tensile properties have also been observed. This is attributed to reduction in co-axial dendrite content due to lower heat input during P-GMAW process as compared to SMAW. In the narrow groove P-GMA weld prepared at f value of 0.15 has shown relative improvement of JIC as compared to that of the weld prepared by SMAW process.

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Noor, C. W. Mohd, Manuhutu Ferry, and W. B. Wan Nik. "A Study of Software Approach for Predicting Weld Bead Geometry in Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 386–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.386.

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The prediction of the optimal weld bead width is an important aspect in shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process as it is related to the strength of the weld. This paper focuses on investigation of the development of the simple and accurate model for prediction of weld bead geometry. The experiment used welding current, arc length, welding speed, welding gap and electrode diameter as input parameters. While output parameters are bead width, depth of penetration and weld reinforcement. A number of 33 mild steel plate specimens had undergone the SMAW welding process. The experimental data was used to develop mathematical models using SPSS software. The actual and predicted values of the weld bead geometry are compared. The proposed models shows positive correlation to the real process.

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Ardin, Masri Bin, and Mujiono Mujiono. "MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PRAKTIK PENGELASAN SHIELED METAL ARC WELDING(SMAW) POSISI 1G JURUSAN TEKNIK PENGELASAN." Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi 6, no. 2 (August 12, 2016): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v6i2.6343.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan model pembelajaran praktik yang berlangsung atau disebut model pembelajaran regular praktek pengelasan SMAW posisi 1G di SMK Negeri 2 Pengasih; (2) mengetahui efektifitas dan mendeskripsikan bahan yang digunakan dalam praktek pengelasan SMAW posisi 1G, misalnya: besi plat, mata gerinda, elektroda, dan waktu yang digunakan selama praktek pengelasan SMAW posisi 1G. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, dokumentasi, angket dan penilaian skill pengelasan. Asessment skill pengelasan mengacu pada Acean Skill Welding Competition. Hasil penelitian yaitu: (1) model pembelajaran praktek pengelasan SMAW posisi 1G terdiri dari 4 pertemuan teori dan 13 pertemuan praktik; (2) model pembelajaran praktik pengelasan di SMKN 2 Pengasih sudah efektif tetapi untuk rutinitas pengelasan belum efektif untuk membentuk skill pengelasan SMAW posisi 1G dengan sistem assesment Asean Skill Welding Competition. Fasilitas utama dalam praktek pengelasan SMAW posisi 1G adalah mesin las. Sementara itu SMKN 2 pengasih memiliki 6 buah mesin las dengan rasio 1 mesin las untuk 5 orang siswa. Bahan habis pakai untuk 30 orang siswa per semester yang menggunakan model pembelajaran praktek pengelasan adalah besi plat ± 100-150 kg, mata gerinda total ± 5-6 keping, elektroda ± 9-10 box dan total waktunya aktif 77 jam selama satu semester. Kata kunci: pembelajaran Praktik Pengelasan SMAW, Skill Siswa untuk Posisi 1G LEARNING MODEL OF SHIELD METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) PRACTICE OF 1G POSITION AT THE WELDING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Abstract This research aimed to: (1) describe the learning model of shield metal arc welding (SMAW) practice of 1G position at the Welding Engineering Department of State Vocational High School (SMKN) 2 Pengasih; (2) find the effectiveness and describe materials needed in the learning model of shield metal arc welding (SMAW) practice of 1G position, for examples: iron plate, grind eye, and electrode, and time needed for SMAW 1G position welding practice. This was a descriptive research study using the data collection techniques of interview, documentation, questionnaire, and t welding skill asessment rubrics. The welding skill asessment was based on Asean Skill Welding Competition (ASWC). The research result showed: (1) the learning model of shield metal arc welding (SMAW) practice of 1G position consisted of 4 meetings of theories and 13 meetings of practices; (2) the learning model of shield metal arc welding (SMAW) practice of 1G position at the Welding Engineering Department of SMK Negeri 2 Pengasih was effective but was not effective for routine practice of SMAW 1G position with the assessment system based on Asean Skill Welding Competition. The main facility required in welding practice of 1G position is a welding mechine. Meanwhile SMKN 2 Pengasih had six welding mechines with the ratio of1 mechine to 5 students. Using the learning model of shield metal arc welding (SMAW) practice of 1G position for 30 students per semester needed usable supplies of approximately 100-150 kg iron plates, 5-6 pieces of grind eye, 9-10 boxes of electrode, and the total time of 77 hours. Keywords: SMAW welding practice learning, student skills in 1G position

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Triwanapong, Surat, and Kittipong Kimapong. "Effect of Welding Consumables on Dissimilar AISI304/AISI1015 Steels Butt Joint Properties." Key Engineering Materials 777 (August 2018): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.777.344.

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The butt joint of dissimilar AISI304/AISI1015 steels was produced by a Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) with 3 types of the covered electrodes and the welding current of 80-120 A. The investigation of joint properties for the impact strength, the hardness, and the microstructure, was performed. The SMAW butt joint that was welded by the E312 covered electrode and 100A welding current showed the highest impact strength of 112 J. The chromium was the important reinforced element affected to increase in the hardness and the impact strength of the joint by forming and dispersing the chromium carbide in the weld metals. Interface structure of the carbon steel/the weld metal clearly showed a small combined area of the metals in opposition to the interface structure of the stainless steel/ the weld metal which had a large combined area of the metals.

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Pratiwi, Diah Kusuma, Amir Arifin, and Reza Andre Suhada. "WELDING ANALYSIS OF GRAY CAST IRON ASTM A48 CLASS 40 USING SMAW." Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science 2, no. 3 (September 8, 2021): 043–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v2i3.26.

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The mechanical and physical characteristics of gray cast iron are intricately bound to its application as an essential material in manufacturing various goods. SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) is the most simple and widely used electric arc welding method. In this work, ASTM A48 gray cast iron Class 40 was joining using the SMAW method with the welding position used was 1G or underhand position. The joining used is the Butt Joint using an open Singel V seam with a current of 120A. The joining of Welding was characterized through dye penetrant and hardness tests. Rockwell hardness tests on base metal and heat affected zone reveal that the heat affected zone has the highest hardness value of 56.5 HRC, while the base metal has the lowest hardness value (41 HRC). Graphite, pearlite, and pearlite were all visible in the microstructure study.

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Mohan, Sreejith, S. P. Sivapirakasham, P. Bineesh, and K. K. Satpathy. "Strategies for Controlling Welding Fumes at the Source - A Review." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 2539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.2539.

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Exposure to welding fumes and its related hazards has always been a matter of serious concern. The mass and composition of fumes from welding depends on several factors. A detailed knowledge of these factors is necessary for understanding the mechanism of fume formation and developing suitable control strategies. This paper gives a literature overview on the various factors affecting welding fumes and strategies for controlling it. The paper focus on types of welding process like Manual Metal Arc Welding (MMAW) or Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW), Gas and Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). The research in the area of controlling fumes at the source has grown rapidly recently. Still, effective methods have hardly been explored. Improving arc stability by addition of materials with low ionization potential to the welding electrode lead to promising new research directions.

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Mehrifar, Younes, Sara Karimi Zeverdegani, and Masoud Rismanchian. "Chemical pollutants in the respiratory zone of welders: Determination of concentrations and hazard analysis." Work 67, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203272.

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BACKGROUND: Welding pollutants have potentially dangerous effects on the health of welders. Analysis of exposure risks is an appropriate method for industrial hygiene occupational exposure. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to determine the concentrations of exposure and risk evaluation of welders to fumes and gases in three common types of welding including Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW), Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out at a steel company. Samples were taken from manganese, chromium and nickel fumes with NIOSH 7300 method and for NO, NO2, CO and O3 gases using direct reading instruments. SQRCA method was used to assess the level of exposure risk. RESULTS: Our study showed that the highest and lowest concentrations of exposure to gases were observed in MIG and GTAW welding, respectively. Also, the highest and lowest concentrations of exposure to metals were observed in SMAW and GTAW processes, respectively. Mean exposure to M, Cr and Ni metals was 2.302, 3.195, and 1.241 mg/m3, respectively. Also, mean exposure to CO, NO, NO2 and O3 was 43.05, 27.88, 4.30, and 0.41 ppm, respectively. Results of risk analysis showed that O3, NO2 and Cr had high and very high risk levels in all welding processes. CONCLUSIONS: MIG and SMAW welders have a high occupational exposure to metal and toxic gases in welding. Preventive measures such as assessment of workplace air, installation of the ventilation systems, and providing appropriate respiratory protection devices for welders should be taken.

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da Cruz Payão Filho, João, Elisa Kimus Dias Passos, Rodrigo Stohler Gonzaga, Daniel Drumond Santos, Vinicius Pereira Maia, and Diego Russo Juliano. "The Influence of the Welding Process on the Ultrasonic Inspection of 9%Ni Steel Pipe Circumferential Welded Joints." Materials 13, no. 4 (February 21, 2020): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13040961.

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This work aims to compare the ultrasonic inspection of 9%Ni steel joints welded with the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process and Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process. These are the two most widely used processes used to weld pipes for CO2 injection units for floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) in the Brazilian oil and gas industry. The SMAW equipment is simple and portable, which is convenient for the FPSO; however, the GMAW process has the advantage of welding with high productivity. In this study we performed a numerical simulation using the software CIVA, 11th version, to analyze the behavior of ultrasonic longitudinal wave beams through GMAW and SMAW dissimilar weld joints. Ultrasonic tests were performed on calibration blocks drawn from both welded joints to evaluate the simulation results. The results are discussed with regard to the microstructure of the weld metal via electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses. The SMAW process presented better inspection performance than the GMAW process in terms of attenuation and dispersion effects. Although the SMAW had a better outcome, for both processes the configuration of 16 active elements and a scanning angle of 48° resulted in an optimized inspection of the entire joint.

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Wisnujati, Andika, and Juni Andryansyah. "Analysis Of Mechanical Properties SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) Welding Joints Of Portable Electric Hydraulic Jack Frame." INTEK: Jurnal Penelitian 7, no. 2 (April 9, 2021): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/intek.v7i2.2134.

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Welding is a very important part of the development and growth of the industry because it has a role in engineering, reparation, and construction. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) or the conventional arc welding process is particularly dominant in structural joints, pressure vessels and in maintenance and repair work. In welding, different metals are joined economically and at a much faster rate as compared with other fabrication processes like riveting and casting. The purpose of this research is to find out the cooling media cooler against SMAW smelter tensile strength by using the E6013 electrode. This study uses low carbon steel material that has levels Fe = 98,3%; C = 0,30%, Si = 0,23%. The material is given 75A welding current with cooling variation on the connection result using oil, water, and room temperature. The highest tensile stress value obtained in the oil cooling treatment was 844,76 N/mm2, the highest strain value was obtained on the raw materials of 16%, the highest elasticity value was obtained in the oil cooling treatment of 703.96 N/mm2. According to the research results can be concluded that the variations of cooling media greatly affect the strength of the welding connection.

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Fitri, Muhamad, Poempida Hidayatullah, Kusnanto Mukti Wibowo, and Agung Setyo Darmawan. "The Effect of Smaw Welding Currents on Mechanical Properties and Micro Structures of Low Carbon Steels." Materials Science Forum 1029 (May 2021): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1029.15.

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Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) is one of the most widely used types of electric arc welding. The mechanical properties of the welded joints produced are influenced by various factors. This study aims to determine the effect of the magnitude of the welding current on the mechanical properties and physical properties of the SMAW weld joints. The base metal material used in this study was SA 516 Gr. 70 with 3 strong variations of welding current, i.e.: 50A, 60A and 70A. The electrode used for root is E7016 while for filler and cap is E7018 which is 2.6 mm in diameter with climbing (vertical) welding position. From the results of the charpy impact test and the Vickers hardness test, the best is obtained in specimens with welding current strength of 70A. While the results of the microstructure analysis showed that the grain size of specimens with welding current of 50A and 60A was finer than the specimens with a 70A welding current.

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Mon, Ioan Catalin, Mircea Horia Tierean, and Adel Nofal. "Research on GTAW/SMAW Weldability of ADI/DI Using Electrodes ENi-Cl and ENiFe-Cl-A." Advanced Materials Research 1128 (October 2015): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1128.242.

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The present research is dedicated to weldability of Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) and Ductile Iron (DI) using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) methods. The welds were done using the arc welding process with Nickel base filler materials: ENi-Cl and ENiFe-Cl-A. Each weldment was examined visually, with X-rays and mechanical tests. After the mechanical tests, tensile test and impact properties of the welded joint are lower than mechanical properties of the ADI base material using ENiFe-Cl-A filler metal and GTAW process. This type of filler metal ENiFe-Cl-A can be applied successfully only for repair by welding of ADI parts. Using ENi-Cl filler metal with GTAW process applied to DI, the mechanical tests, tensile test and hardness of the welded joint are greater than mechanical properties of the DI base material. This procedure can be applied for welding. In case on DI welded using SMAW with ENi-Cl electrodes, the hardness of the welded joint is lower than the hardness of base material. This procedure can be applied only for repair by welding.

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Lestari, Nidia. "ANALISA VARIASI ARUS PENGELASAN SS 304 MENGGUNAKAN SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING (SMAW) TERHADAP KEKUATAN MEKANISNYA." Otopro 16, no. 1 (November 25, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/otopro.v16n1.p18-22.

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Austenitic stainless steel or commonly known as AISI 304 stainless steel has advantages, including good ductility at relatively low temperatures and high resistance to corrosion. These properties make Austenitic Stainless Steel a candidate material for use in pipe fabrication systems, automotive exhaust gas systems and some equipment related to the chemical and nuclear industry. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the variation of welding currents on the strength of the welds in the application of Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) on stainless steel. The electrodes used are E308-16 types with current variations of 90 amperes, 100 amperes and 110 amperes. The results showed that the electric current factor in the SMAW welding process greatly influenced the welding results in terms of its strength. The highest mechanical strength was obtained at welding current of 110 Ampere, with a heat input of 976.067 J / mm, an average mechanical strength of 68.438 kg / mm2 for tensile stress and strain of 47.451% in the tensile test, and an average value of hardness of 225.008 HV for hardness test in weld.

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Hameed, M. Shahul, S. P. Sivapirakasham, K. R. Balasubramanian, and R. Nagalakshmi. "Investigations on Fume Formation Rate in Shielded Metal Arc Welding Process Using Different Electrodes." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 4672–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.4672.

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Welding is one of the major processes used in the manufacturing industry. The base materials, welding consumable materials and physical and chemical phenomena, which are connected with high temperature and UV radiation, are emission source of welding fumes. The particulate solid dust and various gases are included in welding fumes. This paper addresses the experimental investigation made to study the process parameters on formation and composition of fumes during shielded Metal Arc welding (SMAW) of stainless steel. The process variables include electrode diameter and welding current. It was observed that, the welding current and electrode diameter have a positive effect on the fume formation that is, increase in welding current and electrode diameter caused an increase in the concentration. All the metallic constituents attached to it also exhibited the same behavior.

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Mir Sadat, Ali, and Rao Ch. Srinivasa. "An Experimental Investigation into Different Distortion Control Techniques in Welded T-Joints." Applied Mechanics and Materials 660 (October 2014): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.660.114.

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Welding is a reliable and effective metal fabrication process which is widely used in industries. Localized heating during welding, followed by rapid cooling generates residual stress and distortion in the weld and base metal. In the last few decades various research efforts have been directed towards the control of welding process parameters aiming at reducing the residual stress and distortion. In the present paper the distortion in fillet welds and the affect of the distortion control techniques on the welded joint are studied. The welding is done with different process parameetrs and under different surrounding conditions. Due to this the distortion level in the T Joint was measured and observed. The study is necessarily aimed at developing the prediction and controlling techniques for distortion in welded T-joints. Key Words: Distortion, preheating, peening, leg length, Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), Manual metal-arc welding (MMAW)

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Song, Xueshu. "Computer Simulation in Eye-Hand-Coordination Training: A Welding Lab on Disk." Journal of Educational Technology Systems 20, no. 3 (March 1992): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/tp3t-94rc-8g0e-bagt.

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Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and Oxyacetylene Welding (OAW) processes have been essential to the metal fabrication curriculum in industrial technology education. Current welding training software has all concentrated on knowledge development using computer displayed text information and computerized quiz systems. The purpose of this article was to develop a computer simulation software to be used in SMAW and OAW skill development in a safer, easier, more stimulating and less expensive manner as compared with merely practicing with actual welding facilities. Major welding parameters and eye-hand coordination control parameters were simulated using “interactive dynamic,” machine-driven animation techniques and sound effect. The simulation module was incorporated with a tutor module and a quiz module by a hierarchical menu system. Perspectives of and correlations between the development of similar simulation software and the development of a key course in today's “computer Integrated Curriculum” in industrial technology are briefly discussed.

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Harris, Michael K., William M. Ewing, William Longo, Christopher DePasquale, Michael D. Mount, Richard Hatfield, and Randall Stapleton. "Manganese Exposures During Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) in an Enclosed Space." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2, no. 8 (August 2005): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620591007736.

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Hilkes, Jan, and Jürgen Tuchtfeld. "Underwater “Wet Welding & Cutting” with NAUTICA Stick Electrodes for Marine and Offshore Applications." Biuletyn Instytutu Spawalnictwa, no. 3 (June 2020): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17729/ebis.2020.3/5.

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The basics of diving and working under water have been highlighted and explained as such, while these circumstances have also great influence on the welding behavior of the consumables applied. The challenge is in the execution of the welds and repairs. The paper covers the diving, welding and metallurgical aspects of underwater „wet” welding & cutting using covered electrodes based on industrial examples and applications for joining and repair welding. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and covered stick electrodes are a very versatile, flexible, simple and practical welding process, for this reason often used for underwater maintenance and repairs.

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Klett, Jan, Thomas Wolf, Hans Jürgen Maier, and Thomas Hassel. "The Applicability of the Standard DIN EN ISO 3690 for the Analysis of Diffusible Hydrogen Content in Underwater Wet Welding." Materials 13, no. 17 (August 25, 2020): 3750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173750.

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The European standard ISO 3690 regulates the measurement of diffusible hydrogen in arc-welded metal. It was designed for different welding methods performed in dry atmosphere (20% humidity). Some details of the standard are not applicable for wet underwater welding. The objective of this study was to extend the applicability of DIN EN ISO 3690:2018-12 to underwater wet-shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). Four different aspects regulated within the standard were accounted for: (1) sample dimensions and number of samples taken simultaneously; (2) time limitations defined by the standard regarding the welding and the cleaning process; (3) time, temperature, and method defined for analysis of the diffusible hydrogen content; (4) normalization of the hydrogen concentration measured. Underwater wet welding was performed using an automated, arc voltage-controlled welding machine. The results are discussed in light of standard DIN EN ISO 3690, and recommendations are provided for the analysis of diffusible hydrogen content upon underwater wet welding.

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Wisnu Wardana, Rahmad, Eakkachai Warinsiriruk, and Sutep Joy-A-Ka. "Selection of Welding Process for Repairing Shredder Hammer by Integrated Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and P-robust Technique." MATEC Web of Conferences 269 (2019): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926904002.

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The Selection of the welding process is one of the most significant decision-making problems, and it involves a wide range of information following the type of product. Hence, the automation of knowledge through a knowledge-based system will significantly enhance the decision-making process and simplify for identifying the most appropriate welding processes. The aims of this paper for explicates a knowledge-based system developed for recognising the most suitable welding processes for repairing shredder hammer by using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and p-robust technique. The proposed approach is used for ranking six welding processes which are commonly used, namely shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), flux cored arc welding (FCAW), submerged arc welding (SAW), oxyacetylene gas welding (OAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), and gas metal arc welding (GMAW). In order to determine the best welding process among competitive welding processes for repairing of shredder hammer, ten parameters are used, namely the availability of consumable, welding process type (manual and automatic), flexibility of welding position, weld-ability on base metal, initial preparation required, welding procedures, post-weld cleaning, capital cost, operating factor, and deposition rate. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis of regret value (p) is investigated in three cases proposed.

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Kim, Young Pyo, Cheol Man Kim, Woo Sik Kim, and Kwang Seon Shin. "Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior in Girth Weld of Natural Gas Transmission Pipelines." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.303.

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A clear understanding of fatigue properties for the pipeline steel and its weld is important to provide information for pipeline design during pipeline construction and predict pipeline fatigue life during pipeline operation. The materials used in this study are API 5L X65 pipeline steel generally used for natural gas transmission. This pipeline was welded by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) with V-groove configuration. The fatigue crack growth behaviors of pipeline steel and its girth weld according to crack growth directions and stress ratios were investigated over a wide range of stress intensities in laboratory air.

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Setyowati, Vuri Ayu, and Suheni Suheni. "VARIASI ARUS DAN SUDUT PENGELASAN PADA MATERIAL AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 304 TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN STRUKTURMAKRO." Jurnal IPTEK 20, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31284/j.iptek.2016.v20i2.40.

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ABSTRACT Welding is the common method for joining material used in construction and industrial applications. Variable of welding process is the most important factor affected into the mechanical properties of welded materials. This study used Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) as welding method. SMAW method use flux to protect the metals. Sample preparations were done to make the V groove using 45ᵒ and 60ᵒ as angle of welding. Variations of heat input also were used as 75A, 85A, and 95A. Characterization of mechanical properties was analyzed by tensile test and macroscopic analysis showed the different area after welding. Based on the following experimental result, the highest ultimate tensile strength was obtained by sample prepared 45ᵒ of V groove angle and 85A of current which is 518 N/mm² and got 449 N/mm² of yield strength. Increasing current caused the wider weld pool in the sample surface and showed clear grove shape of welded sample. ABSTRAKPengelasan merupakan metode penyambungan material yang secara umum digunakan dalam bidang konstruksi maupun aplikasi di industri. Parameter pengelasan perlu diketahui karena berpengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik yang dihasilkan material setelah proses penyambungan Pada penelitian ini, proses pengelasan yang digunakan adalah Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). Pengelasan SMAW menggunakan fluks sebagai pelindung logam. Preparasi sampel dilakukan dengan pembuatan sudut pengelasan/sudut kampuh 45ᵒ dan 60ᵒ. Arus pengelasan bervariasi sebesar 75A, 85A, dan 95A. Karakterisasi sifat mekanik diperoleh dari pengujian tarik dan pengamatan makro untuk mengetahui perubahan daerah yang berbeda setelah dilakukan pengelasan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, spesimen benda uji dengan sudut pengelasan 45ᵒ besar beban maksimal (σu) terjadi pada arus 85 A yaitu sebesar 518 N/mm² dan memiliki tegangan luluh paling tinggi yaitu 449 N/mm². Kenaikan arus pengelasan menyebabkan weld pool yang lebih besar dan permukaan penampang samping terlihat jelas bentuk kampuh sampel pengelasan.

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Khamouli, Farida, Mosbah Zidani, Kaltoum Digheche, Adel Saoudi, Hend Moussi, and L'Hadi Atoui. "Chemical Characterization of the Crystalline Phases in Agglomerated Fluxes and Slags for Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)." Solid State Phenomena 297 (September 2019): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.297.151.

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The aim of this work is to study the difference between the crystalline phases of used fluxes and obtained slags after Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). It is well known that The weld pool solidifies into the weld metal while the lighter molten flux floats on the top surface and solidifies as a slag layer that can be easily removed .The effects of individual flux ingredients as well as their interaction effects on weld metal composition have been investigated in this paper. The mass concentrations between fluxes (FA, FB and FC) and slags (SA, SB and SC) summarize the physico-chemical behavior of elements transfer between base metal, filler metal, flux and slag forming during welding of pipelines by SMAW process. The analysis of different fluxes phases and slags by X-ray diffraction allowed to detect the presence of different crystalline phases, which were formed at low temperature (T <1000°C) heat treatments, and during fluxes confection. As for the slags, the presence of new crystalline phases which have been formed at high temperatures.

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Velu, M., and Sunil Bhat. "On Copper-Steel Joint Arc Welded with Nickel Based Filler." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 2100–2103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.2100.

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The paper presents some metallurgical and mechanical examinations of the joint between dissimilar metals viz. copper and alloy steel obtained by Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) using consumable nickel based superalloy electrode as the weld filler. Material microstructures at all the important zones of the weldment are examined with the help of Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM). Examinations reveal corrugated weld interfaces with good fusion between the metals and the filler. The weld joints are subjected to tensile and impact tests in ambient conditions. In both the tests, the weldments fracture on copper side with all the weld interfaces remaining intact confirming a strong joint.

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Woo, Seung Wan, Choon Yeol Lee, Jae Do Kwon, Young Hwan Choi, and Ho Sang Shin. "The Study on Mechanical Properties in Narrow-Gap Welds for SA312 TP347." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 1733–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1733.

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Conventionally, shielded-metal arc welding (SMAW) process has been applied to join pipes of reactor coolant loop, which caused defects and lot of loss in time and cost due to excessive heat input in joining section. Recently, narrow-gap welding (NGW) process was introduced to overcome the disadvantages of SMAW. However, the application of NGW to nuclear power plant is not yet commonly used, because safety of NGW process is not fully proven. In the present paper, welded coupons are made of stainless steel. They are manufactured under different processes; general welding (GW), and repair welding after GW. Performed are various mechanical tests to investigate microstructure, tensile strength and so on. It is verified that the mechanical properties of stainless steel are slightly changed after repair welding process. It is also found from stress corrosion cracking tests that the failure time of repair welding is shorter than that of general welding.

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Vacchi, Guilherme dos Santos, Rodrigo Silva, Cristie Luis Kugelmeier, Claudio Beserra Martins Júnior, Isabela Dainezi, José Henrique Alano, Anibal de Andrade Mendes Filho, Wislei Riuper Ramos Osório, and Carlos Alberto Della Rovere. "Corrosion Behavior of CW6MC Nickel Cast Alloy (Inconel 625) Welded by Shielded Metal Arc Welding." Metals 11, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 1286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11081286.

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The aim of this study concerns the effect of multi-pass shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) on the corrosion behavior of CW6MC cast nickel alloy. Using optical and SEM techniques the welded joint is analyzed. Vickers microhardness mapping and potentiodynamic polarization in NaCl and H2SO4 solutions are also evaluated. Both the Laves phase and NbC-type carbides are identified in the base metal (BM) and weld metal (WM) regions. The main microstructural difference observed between these regions is the morphology aspect and fineness of the dendritic arrays. The welding process promotes the finer columnar grains formation with refined intermetallic particles in the WM than equiaxed grains of the BM, which in turn results in higher microhardness values in the former region. However, no substantial changes were observed in the corrosion behavior between the BM and WM regions, considering both acid and saline media. Nevertheless, during the multi-pass SMAW process, some non-metallic micrometric inclusions (Mo and S-rich regions) can be constituted to occur in the WM region. This is associated with a significant drop in the corrosion performance of this region when the electrochemical tests are evaluated.

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Zhang, Min, Qiao Ling Chu, and Ji Hong Li. "Effect of Different Heat Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steel Containing Ni of 9% Base and Weld Metals." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 2148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.2148.

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An comparative study was made of microstructure and mechanical properties of steel constaining Ni of 9% in different heat treatments. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) was employed as jointing technique. Double normalizing and tempering (NNT) and quenching, intercritical quenching and tempering (QLT) were applied as the heat treatments. Instrumented impact and tensile tests were performed between 20°C and 196°C. The results show that both the microstructure and mechanical properties of base and weld metals in QLT solution turn out to be the optimal.

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Akbar, Ali. "Effect Of Preheating On The Hardness And Microstructure In Shielded Metal Arc Weldments Of A283 B." R.E.M. (Rekayasa Energi Manufaktur) Jurnal 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/r.e.m.v5i2.1279.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of heating on the welding process of SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) in terms of hardness and microstructure of welded metal. Much welding has been done by preheating but below the temperature used below the initial martensitic temperature which reaches 452 ° C, this data is sourced from research by S.Zheng et.al and Y. Huang et.al. For this reason, an experiment was carried out with heat temperatures above a martensitic temperature of 500 ° C. The results show that in the Weld Metal area the pearlite structure appears larger, the effect of current strength on HAZ width is directly proportional, the greater the current strength, the wider HAZ, and hardness are affected by the rough grains of martensite

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Chuaiphan, Wichan, Chandra Ambhorn Somrerk, Satian Niltawach, and Banleng Sornil. "Dissimilar Welding between AISI 304 Stainless Steel and AISI 1020 Carbon Steel Plates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 268-270 (December 2012): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.268-270.283.

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Abstract. This work studied the feasibility of dissimilar welding between AISI 304 stainless steel and AISI 1020 carbon steel plates with the thickness of 15 mm. The processes applied in this work were gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and shield metal arc welding (SMAW). Microstructure of weld metal produced by GTAW consists of delta ferrite network in austenite matrix, while the dendrite of delta ferrite finely distributed in austenite matrix was found in the weld produced by SMAW. Hardness values of weld metals produced using these two techniques were superior to those of stainless steel and carbon steel base metals respectively. Weld metals produced by these two processes were qualified under tension and bending. This was justified by the result that the failed part after transverse tensile test was on carbon steel, and no crack was found in weld metal after U-shape bending. Impact test exhibited higher toughness of weld metal produced by GTAW than that produced by SMAW. This might be from microstructure of the former weld as network of delta ferrite in austenite matrix which might help absorb impact energy. Pitting corrosion potential of weld metal produced by GTAW was higher than that produced by SMAW and stainless steel base metal respectively. In the aspect of mechanical and corrosion properties of the weld, GTAW was considered as a promising process that could be used for dissimilar welding between these two metals.

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Thang, Nguyen Duc, Trinh Van The, and Nguyen Van Duc. "WPS Design of Dissimilar Metal Welds between Austenitic Stainless Steel and Carbon Steel for Building Thermal Power Plants." Advanced Materials Research 1157 (February 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1157.1.

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Dissimilar metal welding (DMW) is frequently used to join stainless steels to other metals in Thermal Power Plants (TPP) and industries. DMW process has been shown to have great advantages for many years. This approach is most often used where a transition in mechanical properties and/or performance in service are required. The objective of this research is to review the basic principles of fusion welding of dissimilar metals.In experiments, the two seamless pipes with 18 mm thick, one modified SS 304L austenitic stainless steel was welded to another modified carbon steel A 106B by means of shielded metal arc (SMAW) and gas tungsten arc (GTAW) welding processes using ER309L and E 309L-16 type of filler metal. Before welding, essential variables were analysed so that creating preliminary welding procedure specifications (pWPS). After welding, weldment was tested by NDT such as visual, penetrant and radiography. Microstructural examinations were carried out including macro and micrographs, grain size analysis, and hardness measurements. Transverse tensile, and face/ root bend testing were carried out. Finally, WPS was established conformance to standards of TPP structure toward to building Nuclear Power Plant in Vietnam.

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Nur Haq, Bagus Supriyadi. "THE EFFECT OF QUENCHING MEDIA VARIATIONS ON MICRO STRUCTURE AND VIOLENCE OF THE S45C STEEL STEEL WELDING RESULTS." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Vocational Education (JoMEVE) 2, no. 1 (July 3, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jomeve.v2i1.27328.

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The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of current on microstructure and hardness value in S45C steel before (raw material) and after welding using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). This research using experiment method. The Technique of data analysis using descriptive comparative research. The instruments that used for testing microstructure and hardness is Olympus Metallurgical Microscope and Vickers Hardness Tester. Based on the results of the research conclude that (1) the results of the microstructure testing showed the improved martensite structure after welding. In the raw material, martensite structure didn’t exist but the result of SMAW welding methods using quenching media of water, oil, and air that showed martensite structure was exist. (2) The hardness value of raw material is 232 VHN. The specimen with water media had highest average hardness value that is 411 VHN, oil media had average hardness value that is 308 VHN, air media had lowest average hardness value that is 263 VHN. This research showed that the result of SMAW welding using varying quenching media can changed the microstructure and hardness of S45C steel.

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Poonayom, Pramote, and Kittipong Kimapong. "SMAW Electrodes Selection for Producing Hard-Faced Layer on FC25 Cast Iron Surface." Key Engineering Materials 777 (August 2018): 339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.777.339.

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A shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) using various covered electrodes applied to produce a hard-faced weld metal on FC25 gray cast iron bare surface. It found that all welding parameters such as 3 electrode types and welding currents of 90-130 A were able to produce a sound weld metal without a defect that could deteriorate the joint strength. The white cast layer thickness that was formed at the interface between the weld metal and the base metal was increased when increasing in the welding current and the alloying element in the electrode. Impact strength tended to increase when the alloying element such as chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and manganese (Mn) was existed, and it showed the maximum impact strength when H600 electrode was applied. In a comparison of microstructure characteristics of the joints, the joint that showed the maximum impact strength had the formation of fine needle-like grain in the weld.

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Setiawan, M. D. I., Y. R. A. Pradana, and Suprayitno. "Robust parameter design of shielded metal arc welding (smaw) for optimum tensile strength." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1700 (December 2020): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1700/1/012047.

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Sudarsono, Sudarsono, Hidayat Hidayat, Aminur Aminur, Sarwo Pranoto, and Prinob Aksar. "ANALISA KEKUATAN MEKANIS SAMBUNGAN LAS KAMPUH V TUNGGAL DAN V GANDA PADA BAJA KARBON RENDAH DENGAN PROSES PENGELASAN SMAW." Dinamika : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin 12, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/djitm.v12i2.19894.

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Welding is one of the methods widely used in the joining of metals for structural elements. One of the factors that influence the strength of welded metals is types of welding joints. Suitability of the type of welding joint with geometries of base metals is required to obtain welded metal products with optimum properties. In this study an attempt is made to investigate mechanical properties of welded metals with two different types of joints (single-V and double-V) using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process. Low carbon steel with bevel angle of 60° was used in this study. Welding process was performed using current of 70 A with a constant welding speed. The flexural properties and uniaxial tensile properties are studied by three-point bending test and uniaxial tensile test respectively. Test results show that the tensile strength and the bending strength of single-V specimens is 521.64 N/mm2 and 525.11 N/mm2 respectively. In addition, the tensile strength and the bending strength of double-V specimens is 517.33 N/mm2 and 504.24 N/mm2 respectively

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Khamari, Bijaya Kumar, Balamurali Gunji, Swapan Kumar Karak, and Bibhuti Bhusan Biswal. "Variation of Microstructural and Mechanical Properties With Respect to Polarity in Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Mild Steel." International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 4, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2019.4.2-042.

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Welding has been done by taking mild steel as work piece material in shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process. Material thickness and current were considered as input parameters. Joining of metals has been completed in two ways. In first process double pass welding has been done in which 1st pass was in reverse polarity and the second pass was in straight polarity and in the 2nd process both the passes of welding were completed with straight polarity. The comparison of microstructure and impact toughness has been investigated. It was found that more amount of heat was generated in the 2nd process as compared to the 1st process. Therefore, growths of grains in heat affected zone occurred and maximum growth occurred in 2nd than 1st process. Impact strength increased with decrease in current value and increase in material thickness respectively. The impact strength values for 1st process welding were relatively less as compared to 2nd process.

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Ferenza, Oktovalen, Tuparjono Tuparjono, and Sugiyarto Sugiyarto. "Pengaruh Variasi Arus pada Pengelasan Baja ST37 Menggunakan Las Shield Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) dengan Posisi Pengelasan 3F." Syntax Idea 3, no. 8 (August 19, 2021): 1967. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/syntax-idea.v6i8.1432.

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Welding is a very important part in the development and growth of the industry because it has a role in engineering, repair and construction. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) is the process of joining two or more materials using a wrapped electrode as heat energy to melt the material. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect and welding defects that arise with current variations so that the optimal welding results obtained from 3 amperes were tested using E6013 electrode diameter 3,2 at the 3F welding position fillet joint. This study uses an experimental method with the material used is St 37 steel with a current variation of 90A, 100A, and 110A. From the research conducted, it was not found optimal welding results where from each ampere tested there was still a weld defect. The defects that occur in the three amperes are caused by the arc, electrode angle, and arc length that exceed the normal limit and are also influenced by the welding speed. From the three variations of the amperage used, the dominant welding results did not occur, namely the 90 amperage, while the 100 amperage welding leg showed good results.

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Masoumi, F., and D. Shahriari. "Effects of Welding Positions on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure in Weld Metal of High Strength Steel." Advanced Materials Research 83-86 (December 2009): 1121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.83-86.1121.

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In this study the effects of two welding positions included in flat and upward vertical on the mechanical properties and microstructure of high strength weld metal deposited with shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) using an electrode of ASME SFA 5.5-96 E9018B3 type have been investigated. The aim of the present work is to study the effects of these two welding positions for a weld metal alloyed with 1%Mo, 2%Cr, 0.79%Mn, and 0.08% C in the stress relieved condition. For studying mechanical properties Tensile, Impact and hardness experiments have been conducted; meanwhile chemical analysis and microstructure studying have been carried out on specimens. The results show that welding position does not have any significant effect on tensile and hardness of the weld metal but in vertical position welding metal toughness is lower than toughness in flat position in all temperatures. Transition temperature of ductile fracture to brittle fracture is -50 °C for E9018B3 in welding of high strength micro alloyed steels.

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Sulaiman, S. A., B. Abdullah, S. K. Alias, N. N. Ahmad, and M. N. A. Aziz. "Investigation of Corrosion Rate for Different Type of Welding Joints using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 834 (June 23, 2020): 012055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/834/1/012055.

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Effendi, Nizam. "STRUKTUR MIKRO DAN KEKERASAN BAJA S45C PADA PENGELASAN SMAW DENGAN VARIASI MEDIA QUENCH." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Teknik dan Kejuruan 12, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jiptek.v12i1.28916.

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The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of current on microstructure and hardness value in S45C steel before (raw material) and after welding using Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). This research using experiment method. The Technique of data analysis using descriptive comparative research. The instruments that used for testing microstructure and hardness is Olympus Metallurgical Microscope and Vickers Hardness Tester. Based on the results of the research conclude that (1) the results of the microstructure testing showed the improved martensite structure after welding. In the raw material, martensite structure didn’t exist but the result of SMAW welding methods using quenching media of water, oil, and air that showed martensite structure was exist. (2) The hardness value of raw material is 232 VHN. The specimen with water media had highest average hardness value that is 411 VHN, oil media had average hardness value that is 308 VHN, air media had lowest average hardness value that is 263 VHN. This research showed that the result of SMAW welding using varying quenching media can changed the microstructure and hardness of S45C steel.

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Viswanathan, R., D. Gandy, and S. Findlan. "Weld Repair of 2-1/4Cr-1Mo Service-Aged Header Welds." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 121, no. 4 (November 1, 1999): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2883713.

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The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of different weld repair techniques as applied to service-aged 2-1/4Cr-1Mo steel weldments. A header which had been in service for 244,000 h at 1050°F (565°C) was utilized for the study. Three girth welds were partially excavated and subjected to repairs using gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) with postweld heat treatment (PWHT), and without postweld heat treatment using a temperbead technique. Results show that all the weld repairs improved the creep rupture lives of the ex-service weldments and that remaining lives of several decades could be achieved in the repaired condition. The SMAW-temperbead repairs resulted in increase of rupture life, tensile strength, and impact toughness compared to the SMAW-PWHT repairs. The GTAW-PWHT repairs also produced a superior combination of mechanical properties. Remaining creep rupture lives were a function of the extrapolation procedure and specimen size. These results are described here and discussed in comparison with results previously reported for a less severely degraded condition of the steel in order to delineate the effect of prior degradation on weld repair performance.

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Riski, Sestri Novia. "SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK MENDETEKSI KESALAHAN ELEKTRODA PADA PROSES WELDING FRAME THERMOSTAT PADA SOULPLATE MENGGUNAKAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING BERBASIS WEB (STUDI KASUS PT PHILIPS)." Edik Informatika 3, no. 2 (October 9, 2017): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22202/ei.2017.v3i2.2248.

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The use of SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) in the industrial world is enough widely used. With this machine the human greatly helped by the need to make a metal object. So that by the frequent use of these tools, the more susceptible it is also a tool damage. Technicians machines supplied by the company are not proportional to the number of machines. Therefore, to help resolve this issue needs an expert system that can act as an assistant to the engineer. Data relating to the damage processed using forward chaining expert system. Expert systems are made using the programming language PHP and MySQL database so as to produce an expert system to detect damage SMAW web based. So it can help technicians solve problems SMAW and can also be used for the source of knowledge about the condition and its causes and solutions to overcome them.

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Payão Filho, João, Elisa Passos, Rodrigo Gonzaga, Ramon Ferreira, Daniel Santos, and Diego Juliano. "Ultrasonic Inspection of a 9% Ni Steel Joint Welded with Ni-based Superalloy 625: Simulation and Experimentation." Metals 8, no. 10 (October 2, 2018): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8100787.

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The ultrasonic inspection of thick-walled welded joint with austenitic weld metal has proven to be a challenge due to its anisotropic microstructure that can promote ultrasonic waves attenuation. This work aimed to optimize the phased array ultrasonic inspection of the thick-walled joint of a 9% Ni steel pipe welded with Ni-based superalloy 625. The development was carried out by CIVA numeric simulation to preview the beam behavior during the inspection of GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding)/SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) joint with anisotropic weld metal. To validate the simulation results, experimental tests were performed with a phased array transducer using longitudinal waves on a calibration block withdrawn from the joint. The configuration of low frequency (2.25 MHz), 16 active elements and a scanning angle of 48° ensured the inspection of the entire joint and the computational simulation proved to be essential for the success of the inspection.

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Paul, Arun Kumar. "Robust Product Design Using SOSM for Control of Shielded Metal Arc-Welding (SMAW) Process." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 63, no. 6 (June 2016): 3717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tie.2016.2522945.

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Sivarao, Aidy Ali, Mohd Amran, L. D. Sivakumar, Shukor Salleh, and Rajaizam. "Performance Evaluation of Reworked Weld Joints." International Journal of Engineering and Technologies 9 (December 2016): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijet.9.5.

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This study presents the performance evaluation of reworked welded joint that have weld imperfections which may result the strength of the structures. Tensile, bending and shear tests have been performed to evaluate the performance and reliability of reworked joint. Their effects on the quality and performance of the reworked welded joint are depend on the requirements of the structure in use. This study is providing detailed examination of the mechanical properties of the carbon steel reworked welded joint by using shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) techniques.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)'

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