Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Shipping company'

Title: Factors that affect conflict in a cultural diversified workforce in the shipping industry: The case of the shipping company Seascope Level: Master thesis in Business Administration Author: Ioannis Siarapis Supervisor: Maria Fregidou-Malama Examiner: Akmal Hyder Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate factors that affect conflict in a workforce characterized by cultural diversification in the shipping industry. Methodology: A qualitative approach was used. The primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with ten employees who were interviewed both on the yacht and in the on-shore office of the company. In order to generalize the results from the case study, the inductive approach was used. Thematic analysis was also my approach for finding different patterns in the empirical findings Findings: There are different factors that affect conflict either by enhancing it or by eliminating it. These are the differences in cultural values, differences in communication, continues feedback to the employees, establishment of a “family” climate and the general management of cultural diversity. In addition, when the employees in high positions are from the same background with the owners, this reduces the possibility of conflict. Limitations: The research was based on a Greek company with approximately 10 employees working on the yacht. Therefore, the current limitation is the relatively small number of employees comparing to big ship companies. Contribution: The managers of shipping companies should consider these factors and act accordingly for the benefit of the company. There are significant differences in the employees’ behavior when they are coming from a different cultural background. Moreover, there are differences in the way they communicate. Key words:  intercultural communication, yacht, conflict, cultural diversity management, shipping industry.

In the summer of 2000, divers recovered a large shipping crate from the wreck of the Brother Jonathan, a steamboat that sank off of Crescent City, California on 30 July 1865. Ownership of the crate was taken over by the state of California and was sent to Texas A&M’s Conservation Research Laboratory for excavation and conservation. As soon as work began, it became clear that the crate contained a shipment of a variety of hardware most likely destined for a general store as each of the artifacts discovered was found in high quantities. Also, there was a wide variety of artifacts discovered, tools, architectural pieces, food preparation, fur trapping, and personal items. The crate was shipped from San Francisco from the warehouse of the Russell and Erwin Manufacturing Company; however, its final destination is unknown. Records for this warehouse and for the boat were destroyed in the earthquake and fire of 1906, so the destination for these goods is purely speculative. Using information from the excavation of the crate and a historical analysis of the contents led to a plausible theory. After careful review, it seems most likely that the crate was intended for a general store in a small town with a rural customer base.

This thesis deals with the subject of dry cargo chartering. The aim is to describe the issues, which are not common in Czech Republic, from both the theoretical and practical side. Both parts emphasize the main aspects, which are followed by suitable findings and comments. All examples used in the work are based on internal information of a shipping company.

Syftet med det här arbetet var att kartlägga rekryteringsprocessen i svenska rederier och bemanningsbolag av maskinbefäl. För att ta reda på detta skickades det ut ett antal enkäter till personalrekryterarna i respektive rederi/bemanningsbolag. Studien är en kvantitativ undersökning för att få in ett så stort underlag som möjligt och därefter kunna få fram ett trovärdigt resultat. Resultatet blev att rekryteringsprocessen har påverkats av utflaggningen av fartygen och då framför allt för juniorbefälen. Det som personalrekryterarna ansåg som mest betydelsefullt vid nyrekrytering av maskinbefäl är rekommendationer från redan anställda i rederiet/bemanningsbolaget och fullständig sjöingenjörsexamen. Arbetsförmedlingens tjänster användes i mindre grad på grund av det dåliga urvalet och inte heller available position-sidan på rederiernas/bemanningsbolagens hemsida vid rekrytering av nya maskinbefäl.

The aim of this thesis is to provide a reader with the most complex information possible about the field of freight forwarding specialized in maritime shipping and about all the processes which take place in this area. This information could serve for a better orientation for trade or manufacturing companies which need to use maritime transportation and which do not have any or have only little experience with it. My aim is also to show, how to communicate with freight forwarding companies and what prices can be expected.

Arbetet till sjöss är förenat med risker som kan medföra att olyckor sker. Det ska finnas en plan för krishantering redan innan en olycka har inträffat. Det grundläggande förutsättningarna för att hantera följderna av en händelse finns reglerade i svensk lagstifting men hur följs den drabbade sjömannens hälsa upp av rederiet som arbetsgivare? Med denna frågeställning som bakgrund är syftet med det här arbetet att undersöka hur svenska rederier använder sin krishanteringsplan med fokus på förberedande arbete och omhändertagande av personal efter en kris. För att få svar på frågeställningen har en kvalitativ intervjuundersökning används som metod för datainsamling. Undersökningen omfatter en delvis strukturerad intervju med sju respondenter från sex olika svenska rederier. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att rederierna förhåller sig till gällande krav och regelverk och för att uppfylla en del av kraven tar de hjälp av externa aktörer såsom företagshälsovård och psykologer. Rederierna poängterar att det är svårt att utforma en krisplan för något som inte har hänt, att förutse alla scenarion som kan inträffa betraktas inte som möjligt oavsett hur mycket de övar. Besättningen anses dock som det absolut viktigaste för verksamheten och det sätts inga gränser för att främja deras välbefinnande i kriser.
Shipping is often associated with risks which can lead to accidents. There should be a plan for crisis management even before an accident has occurred. Basic prerequisites to deal with the consequences of an accident are regulated in national legislation but how well monitored is the affected sailor’s health by the shipping company as an employer? With that question as a background, the purpose of this thesis is to research how swedish shipping companies use their crisis management plan to support and care for their crew after a crisis. In order to answer the question, qualitative interviews were used as a method for collecting data. The research survey includes a semi-structured interview with seven respondents from six different shipping companies. The research shows that the shipping companies adhere to the requirements and regulations and in order to meet parts of the requirements, they use services of external actors such as occupational health providers and psychologists. The shipping companies explain that it is difficult to create a plan of action for something that has not occurred. To predict a complete scope of crisis scenarios is not deemed as possible, regardless of the amount of drills conducted. The crew is considered the most important element of the business and no restrictions is put on their well being during a time of crisis.

Les responsabilité contractuelle du transporteur est basée sur les obligations qui prennent sur ses épaules où cette responsabilité commence lorsqu'il la viole, ainsi que le fondement juridique de la responsabilité du transporteur maritime des marchandises,l'intervalle de la responsabilité du transporteur maritime en terme de temps, de matériels et de personnes,les cas d'exonérations de responsabilité du transporteur maritime des marchandises,la validité de l'accord d'exemption ou d'atténuation, le plafond supérieur de la limitation légale de responsabilité du transporteur maritime de marchandises, les cas exclus de cette limitation, les procédures de litige relatives à la responsabilité du transporteur et les dispositions procédurales pour la revendication de responsabilité du transporteur maritime
The contractor's responsibility liability for the carrier's obligations arising from his infraction, the legal basis for his responsibility and the domain of responsibility of the carrier for goods in terms of time and materially, and in terms of person, case of exemption of the good carrier from liability, and about the validity of the agreement on exemption And the maximum limit for the legal limitation of the liability of the shipping carrier of the goods, the case exempted from this limitation and the procedures to ensure that they are disputes concerning the responsibility of the shipping carrier and the maritime transport procedural

Project Work presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies Management
The globalization supported with internet evolution is creating a new open door for many traditional industries. One of them is the shipping industry. Online platforms are transforming this industry in an industry available 24/7 and worldwide for clients as well, since the vessels never stop. With containers distributed all around the world and all countries needing to import cargo to achieve some primary internal demands, the shipping industry is reinventing its way of working, creating ecommerce platforms. In this specific project, the goal will be to create a conceptual model of an ecommerce shipping platform for a Portuguese Shipping Company, being an opportunity to reinforce its presence in the national market and to expand to international market. This conceptual model was created based in the platforms existent in the market and validate with published articles. This model was discussed with the stakeholders to adapt it to the reality of the market. An analysis was performed in order to determine the best solution to implement this platform, looking for the cost and the adaptability. Of course, results will show that the cost and adaptability do not go in the same direction, and could be a point to analyse while looking for a better solution in long-term.
A globalização em conjunto com a evolução da Internet abre novas portas para diversas indústrias tradicionais. Uma delas é a indústria do Transporte Marítimo. As plataformas online estão a transformar esta indústria numa indústria disponível para clientes de todo o mundo 24 horas por dia, 7 dias por semana, sendo que os navios nunca param. Existem contentores distribuídos pelo mundo inteiro e todos os países necessitam de importar mercadoria para responder a alguma necessidade primária que tenham e a indústria do transporte marítimo tem-se reinventado na forma como trabalha criando plataformas de e-commerce. Neste projeto especificamente, o objetivo será criar um modelo conceptual de uma plataforma de transporte marítimo para e-commerce para ser utilizada numa empresa portuguesa de transporte marítimo, sendo uma oportunidade para reforçar a sua presença no mercado nacional e, ao mesmo tempo expandi-la para o mercado internacional. Este modelo conceptual foi criado baseado nas plataformas já existentes no mercado e validado através dos artigos publicados. O modelo foi discutido com os stakeholders de forma a adaptá-lo à realidade do mercado em questão. Também foi analisada qual seria a melhor solução a ser implementada na perspetiva de custo e de adaptabilidade, sendo que os resultados mostram diferenças entre a perspetiva do custo e da adaptabilidade, tornando-se um ponto a analisar quando for estudada qual a melhor solução a longo prazo.

碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
製造與管理外國學生碩士專班
103
Vietnamese economy is step by step integrating deeply and widely into international economy. In such condition, business strategy plays a very important role in the success of Vietnamese enterprises. This research aims to building a business strategy by SWOT analysis. Analyze external environment elements and shipping industry environment to give the opportunities and threats. Based on business operation reports during recent years and survey results to determine strengths and weaknesses of VINAFCO SHIP Joint Stock Company (VFCS). Combine all strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats to build for VFCS an accordant business strategy. This research ends with some solutions to bring theory into practice including brand and product differential solutions. This thesis may serve organizations and companies in having a fully look about opportunities to develop maritime shipping industry in Vietnam.

by Tang Yat Hung, Anthony, Cheng Wing Chiu, Tony, Yuen Kam Por, Alex, Tse Kam Keung, To William.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1985.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 368-369)

This study was conducted among clients of Mediterranean Shipping Company with three principal aims in mind. Firstly, adopt the appropriate measuring instrument to measure customer satisfaction levels within MSC, using the five SERVQUAL dimensions namely Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy. The second is to measure the levels of customer satisfaction within MSC and lastly to make recommendations towards improving the levels of service quality and ultimately begin implementing a customer orientated quality assurance programme within MSC. The results show that there are significant differences between the respondents' expectation and their perceptions. All five dimensions showed that customers' expectations exceeded their perceptions, with Tangibles having the smallest gap and Reliability having the largest gap. It has been the talk of many customers that MSC provides very good service to their customers. On the contrary, this study reveals that there is still some level of dissatisfaction among the customers. Therefore, it is hoped that this study would contribute to MSC's understanding of their clients' perception of service quality and develop a marketing strategy that will increase their customers' level of satisfaction and improve their relationship with MSC.
Thesis (MBA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2005.

碩士
國立中山大學
財務管理學系研究所
96
ABSTRACT This study calculates the intrinsic value of the dry bulk shipping company by using the free cash flow (FCF) model[1]. This intrinsic value provides a solution for investors to overcome the stock market mispricing. Furthermore, this study uses Freight Forward Agreement (FFA) prices as the future prospect indicators for the dry bulk shipping industry. Usually, wrong estimating future prospects result in wrong valuation outcomes. By adding this future indicator, the accuracy of valuation outcome can be better enhanced. Finally, by using average stock market price as criteria, this study compares the biases among the different valuation models. The FCF model coupling with the FFA prices as future indicators has a minimum bias. It explains that FCF model coupling with the FFA prices is more effective for the investors to calculate the intrinsic value.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
102
The freight, ship price, oil price, global economic and ship tonnage all fluctuate intensely in bulk shipping market these ten years. The factors have a complicated influence on the management of bulk shipping company. Despite the composition of company’s cost might be affected by the oil price and other factors, the cost of ships is still the most primary. This study conducts an analysis from the cost and revenue perspectives according to the literatures and recent structure of bulk shipping market to summarize the factors which bulk company may consider when building and hiring ships. Simultaneously, the research focuses on the ordinary ways of obtaining ships to understand their advantages and disadvantages. Then, the interview with the upper-level managers of Taiwan bulk shipping company is conducted to find out the importance of the factors to bulk company and the factors concerned in different ways. After inducting the opinion of experts, ship price, capital and financial situation may have an effect on the decision of building and hiring ships in bulk company. Although the company still has to notice the market trend as the direction of future operation, to maintain the good reputation and financial situation will keep the chance to enter the market immediately once the appropriate time emerged. Moreover, possessing the flexibility when building and hiring ships will decreases the cost and risk to acquire the ultimate profit.

碩士
長庚大學
企業管理研究所
95
Abstract Rate of exchange was always moving quickly when global economic environment changed. Some of enterprises usually did some hedging by Forward and Options for keeping their profit. Of course, they had to pay cost for such activities. The shipping industry run a global business and always had cash flow with multiple currencies. Self-hedging should be another alternative for cash management. For testing the effect of self-hedging via currency portfolio in shipping industry, this study established a portfolio model using Microsoft Excel Solver. Sample company existed three main exposure position USD, EUR and JPY. This study tried to get a conclusion by comparing the portfolio return and variance between actual portfolios with model estimated. This study found that the portfolio return was negative under minimum variance assumption. When we changed the assumption to maximum return, and then the portfolio return and variance increased a lot at the same time. The truth was showing us the rule of investment again. The higher expected return was always following the higher risk. When we put actual portfolio done by sample company to the model. The portfolio variance was higher than minimum variance, but portfolio return was changed to positive. We have achieved a result after running through our portfolio model. The actual currency portfolio could not reach the level of minimum risk. But sample company only incurred slight loss from rate of exchange in cash position. Obviously their currency portfolios were staying at reasonable area under acceptable risk. All in all, the strategy for hedging via currency portfolio in shipping industry was workable.

碩士
國立交通大學
運輸科技與管理學系
99
There are more than 40% containers belong to leasing containers around the world. Causing lease policy becomes critical to shipping company. This study designs out of four ways to adjust the number of leasing container. The characteristic is the clear classification from long term and short term leasing containers for both numbers and costs, so as to make up for the flaw oftraditional container repositioning model and first to consider long-termleasing container liquidated damages included into the study. The structure ofthe leasing container should consider the demand in the future, then decidethe number of long term leasing containers, and recover the demand gapthrough short term leasing containers. The simulation analysis includes the time comparison of model; consider the signed liquidated damages, thecomparison between reality of the market structure and the result of model,long-term leasing container earl5y surrender of the consideration, and underthe different needs of shipping companies to identify the ideal ratio of leasingstructure. This study provides the structure of containers to shipping company under varying circumstances. The result can provide reference to container shipping companies in the adjustment of the renting number aboutthe quantity of leasing container and contract.

碩士
淡江大學
會計學系碩士在職專班
96
Liner shipping plays a major role in international trade. This industry is always keen to be quite competitive as it is in the midst of structural changes such as high market centralization, formation of big strategic alliances and scale enlargement. Therefore, encountering such shifts in business practice, how to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency for each route is then very vital for any liner shipping company. This paper estimates the production efficiency for a liner shipping company by using the conversion logarithms of stochastic frontier production function and also investigate what environmental factors influence production inefficiency. Summarizing the empirical study, the conclusions are as follow: First, The efficiency of outbound is better than inbound. Second, to compare with the ship routes, the efficiency of the Asian Route is the best, the European Route is second, the Atlantic Route is third and the American Route is the worst. Finally, the efficiency of quarter 1 is the best and the quarter 4 is the worst. Compared with the past papers which focus on the level of industry, case study could provide more useful information which use microcosmic data to management to make decisions.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
臺大-復旦EMBA境外專班
105
In 2015, the supply side reforms in the shipping market in China is a major reshuffle, 2016, the shipping industry in the deepening of reform to the inventory to capacity in the shipbuilding industry and shipping industry is deeper. The shipping company where the way out? Only one way: reform, follow the shipping industry function adjustment, shipping enterprises must further accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development. This paper is intended to A shipping company development as the background, the use of strategic management theory, based on the analysis of the existing A shipping company resources and environment, develop the strategy of sustainable development of enterprises, put forward the implementation strategy of ship transportation company, technology innovation, marketing, operation management, financial management and human resources development with management, to ensure that the A shipping company to provide strong support for the country to upgrade. Because the study case from mainland China, so the amount involved is RMB. The first chapter is the introduction, which describes the background and significance of this study, literature review, research content and ideas, research methods, as well as the innovation of this paper; The second chapter is the summary of the related theory and research, this paper puts forward the development strategy theory and strategic analysis tools, necessity of enterprise development strategy, and the shipping enterprise strategy implementation of sustainable development theory, industrial cluster theory; The third chapter, with the specific enterprise as an example, introduced the basic situation of shipping enterprises, shipping enterprises development status and problems existed in certain enterprise as an example, from the development to expand production and business cycle, from industrial investment direction is not accurate, the Internet technology behind the enterprise, analysis the current problems and causes of the development of shipping enterprises; The fourth chapter analyzes the development environment of shipping enterprises, including shipping enterprise external environment analysis, industry environment analysis, shipping enterprises shipping enterprise development strategy SWOT analysis; The strategy of sustainable development theory from the fifth chapter, puts forward the path change development strategy of shipping enterprises, first proposed the shipping enterprise development overall strategic goals and implementation steps, proposed scheme of diversification, differences take competitive strategy for the development of the shipping enterprises, and to ensure that the needs of enterprises to meet the industrial development of the shipping enterprise industry cluster strategy; The sixth chapter, the implementation of reform and development strategy of shipping enterprises, including the marginal innovation management mechanism, enhance the company''s industrial integration efficiency, actively change the development of mergers and acquisitions ideas, network economy transformation, value chain integration and development, information technology, ship service system of strategic enterprise development strategy safeguard measures. Under the background of global economic integration, the shipping market has developed rapidly, the boundaries of domestic and foreign market has become increasingly blurred, with China''s rapid economic development and rising international status, more and more domestic enterprises in response to the "go out" strategy, go abroad to seek development in the offshore market. Shipping enterprises will continue in the company''s development strategy under the guidance of the use of various resources, create a container business, high degree of industrialization, asset light, strong market management, fully professional branch. In this particular historical background, research on the development strategy of container shipping enterprises have paid more attention to the business, to based on the sustainable development strategy, and puts forward some countermeasures for developing strategy of shipping enterprises.

碩士
國立臺北大學
企業管理學系碩士在職專班
96
Container shipping industry plays a very important role in the international trading activities. In recent years, the global major container carriers are zealous to order very large container vessels to increase their shipping spaces and consequently make the global shipping capacity to grow largely. However, the prices of raw materials like fuels and steels continue to escalate, cause the operation costs surging and the competitions for shipping industry fiercer than ever. Thus, the container shipping industry operators start to mull over strategies beside of slashing prices for business. Base on the target company’s customers in Taiwan, the survey of transportation services was carried out. The questionnaire was designed in reference to PZB model and five dimensions of SERVQUAL. There are 178 copies of questionnaire distributed and 122 copies retrieved, with 114 valid copies in the retrieved. This article analyzed the investigation result of the survey and inferred three important conclusions as below, (1) the customers esteem “Ability of Salesman” the most important aspect for the transportation service, (2) the customers consider “Correct Booking” the most satisfactory aspect for the transportation, and (3) By application of IPA model, the target company needs to improve its “Shipping Space Supply”.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
應用經濟研究所
101
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development indicated that the percentage of global international trade is approximately 80% on the sea, It also shows that the maritime industry play an important role in the international trade. The percentage of trade of import and export for maritime transportation in Taiwan is approximately 99%, it means that the shipping industry is therefore important in Taiwan. Containerization International has provided information about the rank of top twenty-five container shipping company in the word recently, which indicate that there are three Taiwanese companies in this rank. What the three Taiwanese companies for this top rank is Everg- reen Marine Corporation (with 6 in this ranking), Yang-Ming Marine (with 16 in this ra- nking) and Wan-Hai Marine (with 21 in this ranking) in 2012 respectively. Therefore, the competition for these three companies is apparently high in maritime market in the world. In this market, efficiency is the one of the most crucial issue for shipping comp- anies. There are two parts for efficiency of marine companies, one isoperating performa- nce efficiency and other is market efficiency. Operating performance efficiency is defin- ed by product’s inputs and outputs in shipping company application such as minimum cost, maximum profit, businesses’ scale, maximum market share and achieve to maxim- um profit and so on. The performance of market efficiency is mirrored on the equity market, which shows the relationship between shipping companies and stock price. Market efficiency is the propensity of shipping companies to raise finance through the equity market (Panayides et al.2011),and it’s the main source of gaining margins of pr- ofit and keeping competitive advantage for business(Ding et al.2011). This paper focus ontwo methods, which is non-parametric measure ofData Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and parameter measure of Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), to estimate operating performance efficiency and market efficiency of all shipping companies in Taiwan. However, in order to describe the observable variable which is defined to be equal to the latent variable whenever the latent variable is above zero and one, we use Tobit model to fit this problem. Following, this study use output-oriented of DEA and SFA to estimate efficiency of 22 leader shipping companies in the world and of 11 shipping companies in Taiwan. The observation of totally number of shipping companies is 33, which across for four-year period data and including 128 documents. Then, using Tobit model discuss the factors of efficiency. The data is collected from companies’ accounting statement, companies’ profit and companies’ cash flow between 2008 and 2011 by Datastream 4.0. The output variable at operating performance efficiency is sales, and the output variable atmarket efficiency is market value. The input variables at operating performance effi- ciency are total assets, capital expenditure, total capital employed, property, plant and equipment respectively, and the input variables at market efficiency are operating profit and book value (per share). The empirical results show: (1)Efficiency value of operating performance 1. In common frontiers of DEA, there are 21 pure technical efficiency values in 11 ship- ping companies from 2008 to 2011 to achieve complete pure technical efficiency at operating performance efficiency. In 11 shipping companies, there are 3 shipping co- mpanies in Taiwan. The companies areEvergreen, Taiwan Navigation and Eastern Media respectively. Thetotal average value of pure technical efficiency is 0.486, 0.513, 0.492, 0.482 and 0.456 from 2008 to 2011 respectively.The Total average value of pure technical efficiency in Taiwan is 0.488, 0.528, 0.492, 0.476 and 0.454 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. It shows that the total average value of pure technical efficiency for the 11 shipping companies in Taiwan are just a little bit higher than ot- her in the 33 shipping companies. For each year, the part of average value in 2008 and 2009 for pure technical efficiency of shipping companies in Taiwan are higher than pure technical efficiency in the total 33 shipping companies. Pure technical effic- iency of shipping companies in Taiwan are lower than pure technical efficiency in the 33 shipping companies in 2010 and 2011. 2. In the year of frontiers DEA, there are 36 technical efficiency values in 12 shipping companies to achieve complete pure technical efficiency at operating performance efficiency from 2008 to 2011. In 12 shipping companies, there are 4 shipping companies in Taiwan. These 4 shipping companies areEvergreen, First Steamship, Taiwan Navigation and Eastern Media respectively. The total average value of pure technical efficiency is 0.574, 0.625, 0.529, 0.559 and 0.584 from 2008 to 2011 resp- ectively. The total average value of pure technical efficiency in Taiwan is 0.577, 0.656, 0.562, 0.544 and 0.544 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. It shows that the total average value of pure technical efficiency for these 11 shipping companies in Taiwan are higher than total 33 shipping companies. For each year, the part of average value in 2008 and 2009 for pure technical efficiency of shipping companies in Taiwan are higher than pure technical efficiency in the 33 shipping companies. Pure technical efficiency of shipping companies in Taiwan are lower than pure technical efficiency in the 33 shipping companies between 2010 and 2011. 3. In common frontiers of SFA,the total average value of technical efficiency is 0.642, 0.652, 0.630, 0.654 and 0.632 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. The total average va- lue of technical efficiency in Taiwan is 0.570, 0.557, 0.535, 0.589 and 0.599 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. It shows that the total average value of technical efficiency for these 11 Taiwanese shipping companies are lower than the total 33 shipping com- panies. Also, in each year, the part of average value for Taiwanese shipping compan- ies from 2008 to 2011 are lower then the total 33 shipping companies. 4. In year frontiers of SFA, the total average value of technical efficiency is 0.615,0.736, 0.630, 0.619 and 0.474 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. The total average value of technical efficiency in Taiwan is 0.412, 0.652, 0.212, 0.449 and 0.333 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. It shows that the total average value of technical efficiency for the 11 shipping companies in Taiwan are lower than the total 33 shipping companies. For each year, the part of average value for Taiwanese shipping companies’ technical effi- ciency from 2008 to 2011 are lower than the total 33 shipping companies. In particul- arly, it is clear to see that the industry of marine in Taiwan has improved obviously on the distribution of output and input since 2009. (2)Efficiency value of market efficiency 1. In common frontiers of DEA, there are 4 pure technical efficiency values in 4 ship- ping companies to achieve complete pure technical efficiency at market efficiency from 2008 to 2011. The total average value of pure technical efficiency is 0.073, 0.036, 0.072, 0.121 and 0.063 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. The total average val- ue of pure technical efficiency in Taiwan is 0.017, 0.014, 0.017, 0.023 and 0.015 fr- om 2008 to 2011 respectively. It shows that the total average value of pure technical efficiency for these 11 shipping companies in Taiwan are apparently lower than the 33 shipping companies. For each year, the part of average value on pure technical efficiency for Taiwanese shipping companies are also obvious lower than pure techn- ical efficiency of the total 33 shipping companies from 2008 to 2011. In particularly, it is clear to see that the shipping companies in Taiwan haveimproved the space on the distribution of input and output since 2009. 2. In the year of frontiers DEA, there are 21 technical efficiency values in 10 shipping companies from 2008 to 2011 to achieve complete pure technical efficiency at market efficiency. In these 10 shipping companies, Taiwanese Eastern Media is the one of th- ese 10 companies. In Total average value of pure technical efficiency is 0.348, 0.378, 0.293, 0.352 and 0.369 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. Total average value of pure technical efficiency in Taiwan is 0.295, 0.327, 0.239, 0.419 and 0.194 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. In the total average value of pure technical efficiency, the 11 ship- ping companies in Taiwan are lower than total 33 shipping companies. For each year, the part of average value in 2010, pure technical efficiency of shipping companies in Taiwan are higher than pure technical efficiency of the total 33 shipping companies. Pure technical efficiency of shipping companies in Taiwan are lower than pure tech- nical efficiency of the total 33 shipping companies in 2008 and 2009. Pure technical efficiency of shipping companies in Taiwan are significantly lower than pure techni- cal efficiency of the total 33 shipping companies in 2010. 3.In common frontiers of SFA, the total average value of technical efficiency is 0.683, 0.695, 0.664, 0.709 and 0.664 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. The total average val- ue of technical efficiency in Taiwan is 0.654, 0.665, 0.637, 0.671 and 0.644 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. In the total average value of technical efficiency, the 11 shipping companies in Taiwan are lower than the total 33 shipping companies. The part of average value from 2008 to 2011, technical efficiency of shipping companies in Taiwan are lower than the technical efficiency of the total 33 shipping companies. 4.In year frontiers of SFA, the total average value of technical efficiency is 0.735, 0.765, 0.676, 0.701 and 0.799 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. The total average value of te- chnical efficiency in Taiwan is 0.597, 0.770, 0.294, 0.688 and 0.636 from 2008 to 2011 respectively. In the total average value of technical efficiency, the 11 shipping companies in Taiwan are apparently lower then total 33 shipping companies. The part of average value from 2008 to 2011, technical efficiency of shipping companies in Taiwan are also obviously lower than the total 33 shipping companies. Particularly, it’s clear to see that the shipping companies in Taiwan have improved the space on the distribution of input and output factor since 2010. (3)The efficiency value of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient estimated by DEA and SFA 1. Operating performance efficiency：On common frontiers of DEA and SFA, the Spea- rman's rank correlation coefficients of efficiency value from 2008 to 2011 was esti- mated with 0.3984, 0.3103, 0.4067 and 0.3278 respectively by DEA and SFA.On the year offrontiers DEA and SFA, Spearman's rank correlation coefficients from 2008 to 2011 is 0.2565, 0.5446, 0.2662 and 0.6296 respectively.On the assumption of com- mon frontiers, it shows that the two technical efficiency of 33 shipping companies from 2008 to 2011 was estimated by DEA and SFA, which provided the same rank about 30%.Onthe assumption of year frontiers, the two technical efficiency of 33 sh- ipping companies from 2008 to 2010 was estimated by DEA and SFA, which showed the same rank with 25% and 55% in 2009 and 60% in 2011. 2.Market efficiency：On common frontiers of DEA and SFA, the Spearman's rank cor- relation coefficients of efficiency value from 2008 to 2011was estimated with 0.7031, 0.2256, 0.8511 and 0.3673 respectively by DEA and SFA.In the year of frontier DEA and SFA, Spearman's rank correlation coefficients for each year are 0.1359, 0.2771, -0.2532 and 0.6475 respectively. The assumption of common frontiers show that the technical efficiency values of 33 shipping companies was estimated by DEA and SFA, which have the same Spearman's rank with 70%in 2007,85%in 2011,20% in 2009 and 35 in 2010.On the assumption of the year fronti- ers, the technical efficiency va- lues of 33 shipping companies estimated by DEA and SFA, which have the same Sp- earman's rank about70%in 2011,13% in 2008, 25% in 2009 and the different Spear- man's rank in 2010. (4)Tobit Regression Model results 1. Factor of operating performance efficiency in common frontiers of DEA, Selling, Ge- neral &; Administrative Expense and company age are positive effect on efficiency value. Amount of ship is positive effect on efficiency value. The performance ofeffi- ciency for oil tanker and dry bluk are better than container. Efficiency values from 2009 to 2011 are lower than the level in 2008, it means that the financial tsunami oc- cur in the end of 2008 has no effect in 2009, 2010 and 2011. Factors of market effic- iency, ratio of earnings before Interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization/revenue are positive effect to efficiency value. Companies’ age is positive effect to efficiency value. Efficiency performance of oil tanker and dry bluk are the worst. Efficiency va- lues from 2009 to 2011 are higher than the level of 2008, it means that the financial tsunami occur in end of 2008 has no effect in 2009, 2010 and 2011. 2. Factor of operating performance efficiency in common frontiers of SFA, Selling, Ge- neral &; Administrative Expense and amount of ship are positive effect to effic- iency value. Company age is insignificant effect to efficiency value. Efficiency performa- nce of oil tanker and dry bluk are worse than container. Efficiency values from 2009 to 2011 are lower than level of 2008, that means the financial tsunami occur in end of 2008 has affect to 2009, 2010 and 2011. Factor of market efficiency, ratio of earnings before interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization/Revenue and company age are positive effect to efficiency value. Efficiency performance of oil tanker and dry bluk are better than container. Efficiency values in 2009 and 2011 are lower than level of 2008, efficiency value in 2010 is unobvious higher than level of 2008, that means the financial tsunami occur in end of 2008 has an effect in 2009 and 2011. To sum up, (1) to (4) is organized as follows： 1. The 11 shipping companies in Taiwan, total average value of operating performance efficiency and market efficiency are lower than 0.7. Operating performance efficien- cy values decreasedyear by year. Market efficiency value rank are decreasingly from the rank of 5, 6 to rank 10. It shows that theshipping companies in Taiwan have imp- roved the space on operating performance efficiency and market efficiency. 2. The financial tsunami occur in the end of 2008, which changed the way the compa- nies used to use. Tobit Regression Model results show that the market efficiency was influenced by the finical crisis, while the operation performance efficiency was not influenced by the finical crisis. 3. This research use two measurement of DEA and SFA to estimate efficiency. The emp- irical results of SFA, sigma-squared (σ2) and gamma(γ) are significant, it means the inefficiency(Ui) is exist and technical efficiency values are clear. Therefore, using SFA to measure efficiency is better than DEA in this study in the whole.

by Paul Y.L. Mok.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991.
Includes bibliographical references.
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii
Chapter
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter II. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.3
Chapter III. --- CHARACTERISTICS OF AN INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING COMPANY --- p.5
Chapter IV. --- MIS IN THEORY --- p.9
Chapter V. --- USER REQUIREMENTS --- p.14
Chapter VI. --- ORGANIZATIONAL CONCEPTS --- p.19
Chapter VII. --- ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS --- p.25
Chapter VIII. --- CONCEPTUAL DESIGN --- p.30
Chapter IX. --- CONCLUSION --- p.37
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.39

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
商船學系所
97
The purpose of this thesis is why the dangerous goods have the accident disaster on the way in the sea transportation. It takes this as a starting point to analyze in anticipation the work preparation and the damage control processes. All goods are filled with riskily in the transportation. Especially, when loading dangerous goods must pay morel attention and prevention. Because its safety is very important, considering the safety rate is higher than the others. It is a important point to check dangerous goods in strictly. We can coordinate the personnel training education and prevents the guidance to that the related operating personnel can inquire deeply. If above, it not only can enhance sensitivity and familiar in he company‘s related personnel, but also let the association the work system present the uniformity. In recent years, though the regular subjection standard and the examination stipulation have to renew in regularly for the system is more perfect, but still have the accident unavoidably. During this thesis’s analyzing, we can find it must will have accidents in the condition of the artificial mistake and the dangerous goods’ declaration is not correctly. So, there have enormous flaw in the personnel trains caused the allover system didn’t enough consummation. No matter the environment is not suitably、the personnel quality is inferior、the cognition is not truly or intentionally concealment and so on, these all will be let the dangerous goods detonation momentarily. So, how to take more diligently in the dangerous goods transportation of the safety 、spread education training positivity、check the goods strictly and conduct the related dangerous goods’ the academic seminar in regularly is the diligently goal in nowadays. We expectation can enable the dangerous goods to achieve the safety state in the sea transportation.

碩士
國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
102
The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of port selection of liner shipping companies. Based on the practical expert interviews and relevant literatures, the port selection factors (PSFs) of liner shipping companies are first investigated. A Fuzzy AHP model is then proposed to weight those PSFs, by which liners shipping carriers can make their policies of port selection. As an empirical study, the liner shipping companies at Kaohsiung in Taiwan were investigated to validate the model. Results indicate that the main determinants of port selection for liners shipping carriers are: the cargo volumes of local port area, the cargo volumes of port transit, the balance of cargo volumes between import and export. The results could provide practical information for port authority to make policies in improving the performance of port business.

碩士
淡江大學
國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士在職專班
98
Marine transport industry is an oligopoly market. The total containership of top 25 companies is account for 75% of the total global containership. Besides, the main service of the container marine transportation industry is import and export manufactures. Thus, marine transport industry is affected by the global business trade dramatically. The economic situation is depressing worldwide, as we would see that the trade volume is also decrease. Because lack of trade volume, the market is very competition. Therefore, the shipping price is keeping decreasing. Marine transport industry is also a service industry, thus the service quality is one of its competitive advantages. E Marine Corp not only provides high service quality as the strategy, but also practices in daily operation process. Moreover, E Marine Corp devotes into innovation in order to satisfy the customers. This essay us E Marine Corp as an individual case then use Lin and Pao(2004) theatrical framework, through internal, external and overall environmental analysis to find out whether the company should take company internal education training in order to achieve the goal. E Marine Corp rewarded “Lloyd’s List Maritime Excellence Award for Commitment to Training and Education” prize in February, 2003 which was awarded by British marine professional press- Lloyd’s List. Therefore, the result of company internal education training is highly recognized.

碩士
淡江大學
國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士在職專班
98
Since the Taiwan’s economy in 1970s has begun to soar, the main industry was the Export Processing Industry. Encouraged by government, the Shipping Industry has grown very fast, hence the foundation of domestic Shipping Industry also established. However, the blooming economy of Mainland China in recent years has threatened Taiwan shipping industry. Secondly, because the worldwide shipping companies have estimated economic cycle optimistically since 2002, they competed for building new ships. That results in the capacity of global logistics increasing rapidly and fierce price competition among shipping companies. Furthermore, ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) including Mainland China, Japan and Korea will establish a Free Trade Area officially in 2010, forming an alliance “New Asia”, the largest potential market in the world. The direct cross-strait charter flights will not only bring new opportunities, but also bring uncertain risks. Since Taiwan’s native shipping companies will face new challenges, this study explores how an enterprise maintains its leading position by its competitive strategies through special resource of macro–environment, industry environment and internal–environment. So as to provide business management for native shipping companies in Taiwan,in this case the best resource for company A is“efficient shipping service and human resource”, “leading position in near-sea market”and“active business operations by the tendency of the cross-strait direct transportation”. To face the competitions in global shipping market and changes of international economy, we should utilize the strategy“promoting efficiency continually”. This strategy can help enterprise maintain the leading competitive edges in near-sea area, reaching the vision “the most profitable shipping company in near-sea area”.

碩士
美和科技大學
企業管理系經營管理碩士班
105
Increasing competition is forcing businesses to pay much more attention to satisfying customer’s needs; therefore, it is neccessary to analyze relevant factors which impacts to the customer satisfaction towards service quality of entrepreneurs. In this research, base on the previous studies and depending on the current fact, the author applises SERVQUAL model with designed 41 questionaires to measure five factors that supposed to have relationship with customer satisfaction in Yangming( Vietnam) shipping company are reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance and tangibility. Then, the author proceed investigating customers by anwering questionaires. Total 117 customers has been asked but only 90 respondants received as result. After analysing, reliability is not mentioned and considered not to effect on customer satisfaction. While the factor- empathy seems to much impact on customer’s perceive and expectation to Yangming’s service quality. The research also give some necessary recommendation so that improving service quality of Yangming( Vietnam) shipping company.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
103
Shipacquiring strategy plays an important role in the development of shipping company.Because it needs huge fund for shipping companies to acquire ships to operation. The investment decisions directly affect the survival, benefit and future benefit of the shipping company. Among all the cost items of the shipping company, the cost of ships is still the most dominant one. Appropriate strategies of ship acquiring will afterward reduce the operation cost. It can improve the profit of company and have an advantageous position in a competitive market. The tramp shipping company has to observe the market trend, and get the vessel once the appropriate timing emerges. Acquiring ships in lower cost will decrease the cost and risk of operation and thus obtain the ultimate profit. Each tramp shipping company might develop different strategies of ship acquiring dependent on their cost structure, company culture and financial situation. This study reviews relative literatures and analyze the situation of current shipping market basing on the cost, the fund,the market condition and the company strategies. The interview with the upper-level managers of Taiwanese bulk shipping companies is conducted to find out the appropriate strategies of acquiring vessels under current slump market for tramp shipping companies. In the end, this study concludes the factors affecting the decision-making of ship acquiring provides inductive and advices for those companies.

碩士
國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
104
Taiwan is surrounded by the sea and Taiwan’s economic growth mainly relies on international trade. Since the last decade, the total maritime transport accounts for more than 99% of the national total. International routes are all over the world. Liner shipping has fixed routes, fixed ports and schedule. The mode of transportation is usually closely associated with operational performance. In addition to increasing revenue and container loading rate, shipping companies in pursuit of maximum profits and sustainable development of enterprises, whose most important means is to reduce operating cost. Therefore, how to reduce costs and improve operational efficiency through internal resource allocation methods is a critical issue. Most of the studies on the operating performance of the shipping industry in the past focus on the discussion about the financial performance of the industry as a whole. As for the spindle, internal routes as object of analysis is seldom shown. Although there are some references analyzing the data through DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) for shipping companies to operate internal routes performance analysis, few studies use DEA to allocate the heterogeneous route of shipping companies. In this study, Asian shipping routes of one shipping company in Taiwan would be the main research object. Centralized Data Envelopment Analysis is a central point of decision makers, assessing the overall decision-making unit in order to achieve the overall goal of the decision making units. The basic concept of Meta Frontier is to emphasize the heterogeneity of production technology with different decision making units (DMUs) to reflect region, type, scale and other inherent attributes. In this study, we combine the Centralized Data Envelopment Analysis and Meta Frontier to develop the CDEA-MF model. We use this model to evaluate the lines of shipping company for resource allocation of a given resource. The results show that the apparent changes of slottage may indirectly affect the airline revenue. Containers reposition resource efficiency has reached the border. To generate more revenue, the amount of other resources would have to be reduced. Shipping companies should allocate the whole route to invest resources from the perspective of the central-decision makers in order to generate more revenue routes.

碩士
靜宜大學
管理碩士在職專班
101
The aims of the research is to study how liner shipping companies, through enhancing non-price competitiveness, satisfy customers demand in service quality and create the differentiated advantages to secure the most adequate strategies in competitive advantages. Also, this study explored how the subject companies, according to the perceived expectation and the shipping decision factors of the customers, appropriately configured corporate resources to favorable operating direction to strengthen their business operation. The objective of the study is to understand when customers employ shipping services, their degree of value and satisfaction toward the service quality of liner shipping companies; then it explores their correlations; last it explores resource allocation and recommendations for improvement initiatives for the future reference. Questionnaire survey is employed as the research method, with 250 direct clients and freight forwarders as the research subjects. First, the results of descriptive statistical analysis show the three most important decision factors in selecting a liner service are: the attitude of the staff (responsible, proactive, etc), the efficiency of the staff, and the efficiency in Bill of Lading amendment. The least important factors are: EDI capacity, a website providing information, and the container and container yard. The first three most satisfied factors are: the accuracy of the Bill of Lading, staff proficiency in professional knowledge, and the accuracy in billing. The three least satisfied factors are: the overall quality of containers, EDI capacity, and the efficiency in container provision. Next, in single-factor analysis of variance, the variable of customer background is used to understand the differentiation in degree of importance and satisfaction in respective assessment subjects. The results are used to evaluate its correspondence with the current industry overview and to verify the hypotheses. Last, Pearson correlation analysis is called upon to examine the correlations of degree of value and satisfaction, with an aim to allow freight liners understand the importance of respective assessment subjects and service quality to its operation. This study recommended: strengthen the front line sales staff capacity (through recruiting, internal training, etc.); cultivate customer service spirits (enthusiasm, service, responsibility, and activity); strengthen document staff and document workflow control; construct and renovate dock facilities to accommodate large-scale vessels; upgrade container quality (appropriate depreciable life or plan for new container); establish customer complain channel; establish platforms for cargo damage claim.

碩士
開南大學
觀光運輸學院碩士在職專班
103
When Enterprises face an open and free competition market, "Wholly-Owned" is the best choice of entry mode. Conversely, when Enterprises face an uncertain market, "Authorized Agent" is the best choice of entry mode. This study employs the Interview Survey Method and case study on Container Shipping Liner E Company. According to result of interview from Senior Executive Officers of E Company, we found the best entry mode for Container Shipping Liner to expand business in Myanmar Market is "Joint Venture" at this stage. The mode for those enterprises entering the overseas market which has just opened possess relative guarantee. In addition, this mode can also help enterprises to accumulate more managerial experiences in local market. Once the local acts and relevant infrastructure be completed, the enterprises may consider further adjusting their business mode.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
商船學系所
94
This paper investigates the most important factors influencing the decision making of developing a new shipping route, Far East to East Mediterranean, for a Taiwanese container shipping company by using TOWS analysis and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) simultaneously. Subsequently an importance-performance analysis (IPA) in terms of the company’s internal strengths and weaknesses is conducted to explore the most critical factors contributing to the decision-making. The research results show that the company’s most important internal strengths such as bigger size of vessels, slot for multiple uses and feeder operated by ship’s owner will have critical contributions to the development of the new shipping route. The critical internal weakness, the ban against National flag direct sailing between Taiwan and Mainland China, needs to be improved to facilitate the operation of the new route. The approach to strengthening this weakness includes slot sharing with foreign carriers, establishing subsidiaries registered as foreign flags, and strategic alliance with foreign carriers.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
運輸科學系
100
Most of liner shipping companies trend to order larger container ships for enlarging their economic scale and reducing unit transportation cost, this mega trend causes higher and higher costs of new building ships. Thus the shipping companies will be carefully when making the shipbuilding decisions. On the other hand, the marine transportation market is affected by the global economic and trade which have been fluctuating tempestuously for these recent years. As for the fleet deployment decisions of the companies, especially in ordering new building ships, when the economic and trade growth increase as their expectation, they place the orders on new building ships. However, the decisions could not always catch up with the tremendous change in the trade. Once the economic situation is getting worse, the new building ships will cause a lot of troubles such that the shipping companies cannot earn profit yet, but suffer the loss of sunk costs immediately. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the number of new building container ships, and also to explore the factors of the shipping companies in the shipbuilding decisions, and finally we compare those factors to understand the similarities and differences between the decision-making processes. Through collecting related historical data and surveying the top management of the companies in Taiwan by questionnaires, the results by analyzing the external data shows that oil-related factors, such as West Taxes Crude Oil Prices, Dubai Crude Oil Prices, North Sea Brent Crude Oil Prices and 380cSt Bunker Prices Rotterdam, these indices have high influence on the number of new building ships. On the factors influencing the companies’ decision making, the most important four factors are reducing unit cost, freight rates, charter hire and new building ships prices which dominate about 50%. This shows that these four factors affect the new building ships decisions intensely.

碩士
醒吾技術學院
全球運籌管理研究所
99
In recent years, in order to increase competitiveness and decrease costs, companies have been using the production advantages of various regions to implement international division of labor and global planning. Currently, ocean freight forwarding third-party logistics providers are narrower in the area of logistics service provision. Since companies try to minimize logistics costs, they experience the pressure of competition in business development. In order to meet the logistics demands of different customers, third-party logistics providers must transform into fourth-party logistics providers. This study is focused on the ocean freight forwarding industry Company A, and uses five forces analysis, SWOT analysis, factor analysis, and logistics regression to explore how changes in the business environment, such as customers’ low transformation costs and low loyalty, result in demand transformation factors. The study also explores how through thirty years of experience in the industry, as well as implementing operation capability advantages such as the four stages of LSP, 3PL, LLP, and 4PL in daily logistics operation, Company A implements transformation factors.

碩士
國立中央大學
資訊管理學系在職專班
103
The focal of this study, Company Y, is a professional printer, which is in the process of transforming from a traditional printer to a professional printer spanning into Internet-based printing. Its primary business is in the area of security printing, and other related printing services. Facing volatile competition, Company Y decided to focus on mainline security printing, and outsource the non-essential products and services to cooperating, printers. The proportion of work outsourced has been increasing lately, and the management of outsourcing has become more complicated. Thus, Company Y has to run an efficient supply chain management, in order to maintain safe inventory levels for customers, and to deliver the right products to customers rapidly, such that the cycle of capital flow can be optimized. However, since Company Y started out without outsourcing, it did not have a supplier outsourcing system. As a result, there is a gap of outsourcing information between Company Y, suppliers and customers. These parties all operate independently, resulting in constantly distorted and delayed information, which in turn results in excessive wastes and high operations costs for Company Y. Furthermore, there is no completed logistics information feedback and instant track-and-trace for product delivery. The process of delivery has been treated like a black box, and no one knows the situation of delivery until month end. In addition, it takes a long time for customers’ signed proof of delivery to return, which then has to go through manual sorting and processing, resulting in frequent operational disturbances. The efforts for account receivable request, in terms of time and labor are high. Through thorough reviews of the related processes, this study proposes a set of reengineered processes, aiming at improving the problems related to the delivery of “shipping ticket,” which is an important type of security printing product. The proposal provides enhanced visibility not only for Company Y, but also for suppliers and customers. The expected results will be rapid services provided by outsourcing suppliers, deliver on time, better information timeliness and accuracy, track-and-trace of shipments, and finally, satisfied customers.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
106
The seaworthiness of the ship maintains the seafarer's safety and company property. The modest and effective replenishment of marine stores and spare parts from the logistics supply unit allows the ship's equipment to maintain its mechanical stability without marking the defect by the PSC and also enabling the ship to have enough fuel oil to sail at sea. From the manager's point of view, in order to maintain the safety and seaworthiness of ships at sea, the logistics management strategy of the bulk shipping company is of great importance. Therefore, this article will explore the key factors that affect logistics for bulk shipping companies. First of all, the first part is to do the implementation of the literature data collection, seminars, reorganization and brainstorming. Then, using the modified Delphi method to formulate the initial assessment of the study and influencing factors, the second part is to develop the first and second stages of the Modified Delphi Method by questionnaire scholarly experts on the key influencing factors of logistics for bulk shipping companies. The questionnaire was repeated in order to reach a consensus opinion. In the third part, we use the final consistency result of modified Delphi method questionnaire result into the method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in order to design AHP questionnaire, question marine logistics experts based on their experience on the key influencing factors of logistics for bulk shipping companies. Finally, collecting all AHP questionnarie and then calculate each factor’s weight and analyze the importance of the key influencing factors of logistical replenishment of bulk shipping company. The researcher findings show that under the overall assessment, the key factor affecting the logistics of bulk shipping companies is that "crew quality and professional competence" which is the most important structural plane. Under the cluster assessment, the results of the marine department show that the key structural plane to affecting logistical supplies of bulk shipping companies is the same as the overall assessment results of "crew quality and professional competence." However, the results of the business department show that the key to affecting logistic of bulk shipping companies is "the Capability of Ship Supplies Procurement Staff ". At the same time, the results also show that under the overall assessment of the key factors, the crew's "Work Attitude" is the first of the key factors affecting logistics of bulk shipping company. Under the cluster assessment: The Marine Department considers the "managerial skills" of crew members as the most important and crucial factor. The Business Department considers the most important and crucial factor affecting logistics of bulk shipping company is the "Communication Skills" of the marine supplies procurement staff. The findings provide a reference for managers of bulk shipping companies in developing logistics management strategies.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
94
To solve the decision maker concave preference or the diminishing marginal return of attribute items, traditional statistic ranking methods such as Ranking and Selection Method, Paired Comparison of Means and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) …etc cannot be applied for attribute items ranking problem. This study proposed to use Stochastic Dominance Criterion as attribute items ranking method and put in use in the strategy of service quality of a liner shipping company. In this study we found this liner shipping company has a good reputation and image among Forwarders and Importers/Exporters. Except price attribute, this liner shipping company can get enough power to improve service quality and the efficiency of asset management by resource reallocation.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
商船學系所
92
The security of maritime transportation is the critical measures to steady the world trade and economy, to safeguard the world-wide supply chain and to prevent and suppress terrorist acts. Following the tragic events of 11th September 2001, International Maritime Organization agreed to the development of new measures relating to the security of ships and of port facilities so as to detect and deter acts which threaten security in the maritime transport sector. This paper reviews the requirements of ISPS Code to ships and analyzes the purposes of implementation in different flag Administrations by way of a CSO responsible for SSA, SSP and ISSC in a shipping company. This article explores the major contents of the SOLAS 1974 and ISPS Code. Not only analyzes potential problems relating to the implementation of ship security but also provides certain suggestions to shipping companies in establishing security system of container ships for reference in order to enhance maritime security.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
98
This study focuses on evaluating the service quality of introducing the auto-rating system in shipping company. By releasing and analyzing collected questionnaires, I provide a few aspects of improving strategies for IT department mainly through the analyzed service quality, the relation between user's opinions on the importance of functional experience and user's satisfaction, and the factor analysis results of auto-rating system. 　　50 questionnaires were issued to auto-rating system users and 50 available samples were collected. Suggestions will be made based on the results of descriptive statistics analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis and differentiation analysis. 　　The results showed the auto-rating service quality had been notable impacts on user's satisfaction due to the fact that an increasing amount of shipping industries have taken the concentrated management in setting up auto-rating system in order to sufficiently manage pricing and improve document-making quality. The study suggests shipping companies should prior assesses user's experiences in making strategies and execution. Also, user's training and information exchange of the auto-rating system should be held on a regular basis so to increase the user's satisfaction, and at the same time, avoid the number of rating errors and customer's complaints.

碩士
國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
97
Maritime Transport is playing an important role in the development of Economics and International Trade as Ministry of transportation and communication’s statistics in 2008 depicted our country import and export cargo volume has reached approximately 8,480,000 metric tonnages. However the government abolishes the ships reward investment rule after 1990, total dead weight tonnage of national fleet was increased to 1,007 ten thousand in 1992, and then its number has diminished sharply from 1994 year by year. In other words, no matter the number, the gross tonnage or dead weight tonnage of national fleet has been declined since the shipbuilding financing reward policy abolished. Therefore this paper attempts to compiles the ships financing literature, introduce the current popular ships financing types as well as the different financing characteristic, and analyze the process and superiority of the ships finance lease. Finally we find out the risk and discuss its countermeasure, in additional to recommend the related ships financing case of Germany, Norway, South Korea, Britain and Singapore for our country as a reference. According to the above literature, we discovers the middle and small scale shipping companies financing standpoint and then designs the questionnaire based on the various ships financing factors and the different financing alternatives. Fore empirical examination we use the different analysis to make sure the participant's cognition degree, then use the entropy to calculate the GRA and TOPSIS. The finding of the research shows that the small and medium shipping companies are probably to prefer “leasing finance” after empirical evaluation, the bank loan, shipyard credit, issue stock and the issue bond are behind in order. Furthermore, our suggestions call for our government to support the domestic ships financing policy, improve domestic bank’s managerial strategy of ships financing and optimize capital structure of the small shipping enterprises.

碩士
國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
97
The development of international maritime transportation has led most ocean carriers and forwarders into a new era of competition with high capacity vessels, information transparency, fast service and low cost control. In addition, the coming of electronic commerce changes consumer behavior significantly. Under such fierce competition in the international market, ocean carriers have to timely respond to customers’ special requirements in order to retain existing customers and further develop new customer source. > > With the research on the status quo and prospect of Taiwan’s maritime logistics industry, the analysis on the characteristics and service scope of international logistics and literature review, the study reveals the major factors to the success of developing logistics services. In the literature review, the study also indicates how Taiwan’s logistics service providers define their roles and set strategies to enhance their competitiveness when facing the rapid changes in the international transportation market. > > In the study, an Empirical Analysis was undertaken through interviews with professionals to find out key factors that influence the development of maritime logistics. In addition, the factors which require further improvement for success were pointed out by Factor Analysis and Importance-Satisfaction Matrix under questionnaire survey. > > The results of the Factor Analysis reveal 3 main structural aspects (i.e. Capability of cargo management, Strength of Profession, and Capability of warehouse management) and 19 factors which influence the success of logistics development. The Importance-Satisfaction Matrix further specifies the sequence of the factors to be improved. Moreover, the study reveals 2 main obstacles confronted by maritime logistics providers in Taiwan region; one is the competition pressure in the industry, and the other is the pressure of high investment costs. > > The study proposes that logistics providers should obtain ample financial support from their own company and affiliate companies, and target at large-scale multinational companies as their key customers. They should design customized logistics solutions to convince these target customers and win their business. The last finding of the study is that when investing or building an inland depot, a great amount of capital should be invested first for a trucking company. However, the high operational costs of self-owned warehouse and trucking service might erode the profits of other services they provide. Therefore, it is suggested that logistics providers could operate by lease or outsourcing to save costs at the beginning, and invest further after obtained stable and enough cargo source and achieved economy of scale.

碩士
國立交通大學
經營管理研究所
89
Performance appraisals of individual business units within an organization is fundamental to design the company’s development plan and make related decisions, in addition to a reference of merit rewards. The liner shipping industry is always keen to be quite competitive as it is in the midst of structural changes such as high market centralization, formation of big strategic alliances and scale enlargement. Encountering such shifts in business practice, the route competitiveness mainly mentioned for operations cost is critical in the industry. How to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency for each route is then very important for any liner shipping company. Without using the traditional appraisal approaches of financial analysis or five-ratio indicators, this thesis applies a DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) approach to study the efficiency and effectiveness of twenty-four route services operated by a liner shipping company in Taiwan. Using various dynamic models, as well stable models of the DEA approach respectively, this thesis analyzed returns to scale and comparative weight of input and output factors for these routes. For the managerial purpose, this thesis also provides the direction and extent of improvement by means of the differential variable analysis of DEA approach. Compared with the practical result, it reveals that the outcome from the DEA approach is quite consistent with that of the traditional financial methods of measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of route operations. The better effectiveness and efficiency of route operations are, the higher unit profit reached and vice versa. It also shows that different weights relied on the importance of input and output factors selected in measuring the route operation performance. Some of them have to focus on the control of input factors, but some of them should concentrate to improve output factors. In the dynamic analysis demonstrating the variation of route effectiveness for a particular period, it indicates most of outbound routes have upgraded significantly, however, it also reflects route effectiveness dropped in some of inbound routes over the same period. Summarizing the empirical study, we conclude that the DEA approach is well applicable to measure operational performance of individual service routes of a liner shipping company. In addition to using the financial indicator to measure the operation performance, it is suggested to apply DEA approach as a powerfully supplementary tool, which assists to find out related management problems and provides the direction of improvement.

碩士
國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
103
With regard to liner shipping, each of the shipping costs, human resources and the vessels are belonged to their management resources. In the recent year, shipping companies which join in Strategic Alliance can help to decrease their operating costs. In the produce process, many products are produced. The products are included the desirable outputs and undesirable output. Desirable outputs are intended for producers want or need output. Undesirable outputs are not favored by producers. International Maritime Organization (IMO) had the research in 2009, which studied about the carbon emissions of the industries in the world. The shipping industry was accounted for 3.3% of the carbon emissions in the world. While conventional Data Envelopment Analysis models set targets separately for each DMU, in this study we consider that there is a centralized decision maker who owns or supervises all the operating units. In this study, we combine the Network Data Envelopment Analysis and Centralized Data Envelopment Analysis to develop the Two-stage Centralized Data Envelopment Analysis. We use this model to evaluate the Lines of Shipping Company for resource allocation of a given resource. Resource allocation is an important issue in the management of corporations. It refers to the process of allocating limited resources to different parts of an organization in order to satisfy the overall goals. In the model it is assumed that lines of shipping company produce two types of outputs: desirable outputs (i.e. revenue, TEU- kilometer) and undesirable outputs (i.e. carbon emissions of shipping lines).We divide the model to two stage.The first stage’s inputs are included the salaries, containers reposition, slots capacities, fuel costs, stevedoring expenses and other costs.The first stages’ output are included ship calls and capacity-kilometers. These measures are the outputs from the first stage and are used as inputs to the second stage. The second stage’s outputs are included revenues, TEU- kilometers and the carbon emissions of shipping lines. This research is to adopt the data of 2013 fourth quarter in Asia line services from one of Taiwan’s marine carriers as the object of study. From the results of this study, the model can decrease the undesirable output (i.e. carbon emissions of shipping lines) effectively and increase the desirable outputs (i.e. revenue, TEU- kilometer). It can help shipping company to how to allocate the limited resources to get more revenue.

碩士
逢甲大學
運輸與物流學系
106
This study aims to explore the relationship among strategic alliance formation, supply risk management and organizational performance in the container shipping company. Total 240 questionnaires were sent to shipping company and shipping agency in Taiwan, and 175 valid copies were collected. The effective response ratio is 72.91%. Results of structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated strategic alliance formation affects supply risk management positively; Besides supply risk management has a positive impact on organizational performance. However, this study does not support the positive relation between strategic alliance formation and organizational performance. This study found that supply risk management acts an mediated role between strategic alliance formation and organizational performance. The findings and suggestion of strategic alliance formation research may be referred to as an approach to manage in the container shipping companies. Keywords: Container shipping company, Strategic alliance formation, Supply risk management, Organizational performance

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
107
Currently, the shipping industry is facing a global shortage of seafarers and Taiwanese shipping companies are not out of that situation either. The expansion of the national fleet in recent years has made the demand for seafarer rise. When the domestic seafarer is in short supply, causing difficulties for ship owners as well as shipping companies, many shipping companies have turned to looking for and employ foreign seafarer to instead. However, the choice of hiring foreign seafarer depends on many factors. Based on the collected documents and the opinions of the experts on Seafarer's professions through a survey, this study developed an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model on three major criteria namely Crew Cost, Crew Quality and Maritime Labor Market and eight sub-criteria to analyze and evaluate the importance of factors influencing the decision of foreign crew nationality choice for Taiwan shipping companies as well as the advantage and disadvantage of different seafarer supply countries, thereby propose an ideal crew nationality. In this study, China, Philippines and Indonesia which are among the nations contributing the largest global share of seafarers are selected for consideration and evaluation. The results show that the hiring decision is significantly affected by the Crew Quality, followed by Crew Cost and Maritime Labor Market. The process of assessing the strengths and weaknesses of alternative countries suggests that China seafarer is the best choice for Taiwanese shipping companies. Additionally, the results of the seafarer choice based on ship types also indicate that type of ship, type of cargo and type of shipping services influence on the opinions of experts. These results could be a reference for shipping companies to select seafarers as well as building an effective foreign crew recruitment model and management model.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
93
The promotion of Taiwan economic growth depends on international trade, which in turn depends on its shipping development. This research is to explore the risks of the shipping industry, the situation of averting risks when it applies derivative financial merchandise, and to analyze the effect on the corporation’s profit and value to see if the shipping enterpriser adopted risk-averting strategies. The research is to understand: 1. Various risk sources of the shipping industry. 2. Risk-averting strategies, choice of tools, purposes of usage, and the management control effect and outcome. 3. The relation between the size of the shipping corporation and the risk-averting strategies. 4. The effect on profit and value to the shipping company that engages in averting risks. The investigation was conducted by performing questionnaires on 106 shipping companies whereby 49 copies were received in return, a responding rate of 41.51%. According to the questionnaires, the shipping industry can be divided into three different type of corporations, which we compare with and explore their value effect when they face potential risks and engage in risk-averting actions. The conclusions are as follows: 1. Among the risks of the shipping industry, the merchandise price is determined to be the top risk, followed by the market conditions and then general economic factors. 2. The larger corporations will not refuse derivative financial merchandise, and when the risk doubt happens, they will consider positively how to deal with it. The smaller companies will not take any risk-averting movement; they will either pass it onto the consumers or absorb it by themselves. 3. Under the risk management, the larger corporations will adopt derivative financial merchandise to avert risk, but smaller ones will take additional charges to deal with it. 4.As for the value recognition of the corporation, the shipping enterprisers think that the profit-earning capability can stand for the value of the corporation; that is, the more profit they get, the higher value of the corporation. 5. From the analysis above, we can say that the risk-averting strategy is helpful and can elevate the value of a corporation. Of course, the premise must be a proper one without human factor or attitude of speculation.