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Journal articles on the topic 'Shipping Contracts'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

BEATON, J., and G. TOLHURST. "DEBT, DAMAGES AND RESTITUTION." Cambridge Law Journal 57, no. 2 (1998): 235–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197398280019.

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StoczniaGdanska SA v. Latvian Shipping Co. [1998] 1 W. L. R. 574 concerned six contracts to “design, build, complete and deliver” six ships. The buyers were to pay 20 per cent. of the price after receiving notice that the keel had been laid. The contract gave the seller the right to terminate if payments were not made and to retain any instalments paid and, if it terminated, to sell the vessel whether completed or not. Keels were laid for vessels 1 and 2 but the buyers failed to pay and the seller terminated. It then renumbered the keels, gave notice for payment under the third and fourth cont

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2

Zhao, Jinshi, Yongrui Duan, Shijin Wang, and Jiazhen Huo. "Coordinated Drop Shipping Commitment Contract in Dual-Distribution Channel Supply Chain." Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations 10, no. 4 (2012): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeco.2012100102.

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It is a general trend for retailers to develop dual channel to serve different customers. Engaging in internet and drop shipping has raised serious awareness and attention in the retailing field. Retailers are competing for dominance from suppliers using terminal position in many industries like appliance and fast moving consumer goods. In this paper, the authors examine such supply chain context and propose the commitment contracts for the drop shipping supply chain. In a drop-shipping model, the retailer focuses on marketing and customer acquisition, so it has more customer demand informatio

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3

Markevich, Natalia Vasilyevna. "Civil contracts in the area of air transportation: concept, characteristics, classification." Право и политика, no. 7 (July 2020): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2020.7.33150.

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The subject of this research is the concept, characteristics and interrelation of contracts in the area of air transportation. The article is dedication to understanding of legal nature and key elements of air contracts, specificity of their theoretical and practical application, classification; as well as aimed at creation of integral concept of regulatory system. Such understanding is acquired from a broad context of civil law literature and case law. Reference to the provisions of civil law doctrine allowed presenting an original view upon the subject matter, and propose recommendations on

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Pellegrino, Francesca. "Principles and Rules in Evolving European Contract Law, in General and in Shipping Contracts." European Journal of Commercial Contract Law 7, no. 1 (2015): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7590/187714615x14328875962627.

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5

Marín, Pedro L., and Richard Sicotte. "Exclusive Contracts And Market Power: Evidence From Ocean Shipping." Journal of Industrial Economics 51, no. 2 (2003): 193–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6451.00198.

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Wang, Yadong, Qiang Meng, and Zhijia Tan. "Short-term liner shipping bunker procurement with swap contracts." Maritime Policy & Management 45, no. 2 (2017): 211–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2017.1375165.

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Mandić, Nikola. "Modified Legal Framework and Opening of the Liner Shipping Market in the Republic of Croatia to Shipping Companies from the European Economic Area." Transactions on Maritime Science 6, no. 2 (2017): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7225/toms.v06.n02.006.

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Generally speaking, public transport is the transport of persons and cargo available for use to the general public, performed on the basis of a transport contract. Public transport costal liner shipping is the transport of passengers, cargo and vehicles in the internal marine waters and territorial sea ofthe Republic of Croatia performed on pre-established lines in compliance with the published terms and conditions of the sailing schedule and services pricelist. The Act on Transport in Liner Shipping and Occasional Costal Maritime Transport established the public transport system in the Republ

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Neel, Richard E., and Carl W. Gooding. "Service contracts, rate discounting, and the future of shipping conferences." International Advances in Economic Research 3, no. 4 (1997): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02295217.

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Rialland, Agathe, Dag Atle Nesheim, Jan Arthur Norbeck, and Ørnulf Jan Rødseth. "Performance-based ship management contracts using the Shipping KPI standard." WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs 13, no. 2 (2014): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13437-014-0058-9.

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10

Hu, Xuyu. "Equality of bargaining power in contracts for international liner shipping." WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs 17, no. 3 (2018): 347–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13437-018-0152-5.

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Kavussanos, Manolis G., Ilias D. Visvikis, and Roy A. Batchelor. "Over-the-counter forward contracts and spot price volatility in shipping." Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review 40, no. 4 (2004): 273–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2003.08.007.

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Duru, Okan. "Motivations behind irrationality in the shipping asset management." Maritime Business Review 1, no. 2 (2016): 163–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-05-2016-0008.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate and clarify “irrationality” problem through the maritime industry practices and leading incentives behind common investors. Design/methodology/approach This paper includes a review of broader business and economics literature; review of shipping business practices and detection of institutional pathways and misleading mechanisms behind the irrational preferences; investigation of data (for some arguments); and introduction of a theoretical approach. Findings There are several industry practices and norms well established and followed by decis

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Gan, Xianghua, Suresh P. Sethi, and Jing Zhou. "Commitment-penalty contracts in drop-shipping supply chains with asymmetric demand information." European Journal of Operational Research 204, no. 3 (2010): 449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.11.008.

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Duru, Okan, Joan P. Mileski, and Ergun Gunes. "Performance obligations for “revenue from contracts with customers” principle in the shipping industry." Maritime Business Review 2, no. 3 (2017): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-02-2017-0009.

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Purpose The aim of this paper is to investigate the gap between cost-based and time-based revenue recognition schemes in the accounting of ship-owning corporations, and to propose cost-based revenue recognition (as in general accounting practice) in connection with the performance obligations. Design/methodology/approach For a comparative analysis of time-based (traditional approach) and cost-based schemes, a sample of dry bulk ships is selected and voyage estimations are performed by certified professional shipbrokers (Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers) (data collection and voy

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Dorigoni, Susanna, Luigi Mazzei, Federico Pontoni, and Antonio Sileo. "GNL, competizione e sicurezza di approvvigionamento: il segmento dello shipping." ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, no. 1 (September 2009): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/efe2009-001009.

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- In the last few years, one of the main concerns of European Union in the energetic field has been that of facilitating the safeguard of raw materials' security of supply, especially that of natural gas. Import through LNG chain, that is, through the employment of LNG tankers for gas transportation, has been identified by the European Council as one of the instruments to achieve these goals. In fact, import via LNG does not require, for the importer, such investments as to determine an indissoluble physical tie between producer and buyer, as happens for transport via pipeline (Chernyavs'ka et

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Vujičić, Srdjan, Nermin Hasanspahić, Maro Car, and Leo Čampara. "Distributed Ledger Technology as a Tool for Environmental Sustainability in the Shipping Industry." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 5 (2020): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8050366.

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In recent years, many industries have adopted technology and digital systems to automate, expedite and secure specific processes. Stakeholders in maritime transport continue to exchange physical documents in order to conduct business. The monitoring of supply chain goods, communication among employees, environmental sustainability and longevity control, along with time framing, all create challenges to many industries. Everyday onboard work, such as cargo operations, navigation and various types of inspections in shipping, still requires paper documents and logs that need to be signed (and sta

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Negrón, Ramona. "Gems: The Shipping Contracts of the Amsterdam Slave Traders Jochem Matthijs Smitt and Coenraad Smitt." Journal of Migration History 6, no. 2 (2020): 262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-00602005.

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18

YANG, Jung-Ho. "A Study on Legal Issues of International Shipping Contracts under the COVID-19 Pandemic Situation." INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW 90 (May 31, 2021): 59–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35980/krical.2021.05.90.59.

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19

Todd, Paul. "Electronic bills of lading, blockchains and smart contracts." International Journal of Law and Information Technology 27, no. 4 (2019): 339–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaaa002.

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Abstract After a lengthy incubation period, electronic bills of lading (eBLs) are at last taking their first tentative steps in the shipping world. Systems currently in operation, however, are closed; only traders, carriers and banks who are members can participate. These closed schemes are not, therefore, true replacements for traditional paper bills of lading (pBLs), which can be used by anyone. Open eBL implementations are very difficult, which is no doubt why practical schemes so far have been closed. While blockchains and smart contracts make no difference to what is possible, they do to

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20

Lee, Peter, and Pearl Tan. "Instructional Case: Worldwide Shipping Corporation Ltd: Early or Late Adoption of a New International Accounting Standard?" Issues in Accounting Education 14, no. 2 (1999): 211–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace.1999.14.2.211.

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The management of Worldwide Shipping Corporation Ltd (hereafter “Worldwide Shipping”) is confronted with a dilemma when a new international accounting standard on leases is introduced which contains a transitional provision allowing firms to defer implementation for a period of four years. Students are required to put themselves in the position of managers who have to weigh the adverse impact of early adoption of the new accounting standard against a responsibility for fair financial reporting. Worldwide Shipping is a multifaceted case that can be used as an accounting case study or a financia

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Dighton, P. F. "LNG - PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE." APPEA Journal 39, no. 1 (1999): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj98046.

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The first 30 years of LNG export witnessed the development of large movements of natural gas between countries, underpinned by long-term sales contracts and strong relationships. Now the industry has matured, but is faced with the quantum leap of achieving commoditisation of LNG. This would require a break away from long-term contractual ties and the emergence of merchant shipping and merchant plant. This paper examines this trend and the impact upon future Australian exports in the context of emerging markets, low oil prices and intense competition.

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Skachkov, N. G. "Legal Regulation of Cross-Border Shipping of Dangerous Goods in the Conditions of Digitalization." Lex Russica 1, no. 2 (2020): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2020.159.2.133-140.

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The author explores the legal aspects of network space risks, when legal imperatives are laid for the transportation and stay of a consignment of dangerous goods on board a ship. It is concluded that it is difficult to choose the law to be applied. In this regard, the material norms that make up the operational risk space can serve as a guide. Their selection is often a precursor to earning assets net operating profit. At the same time, the variety of legal facts with which the acquirer on arrival of property associates his right to file an ownership claim is formulated either in the contract

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23

Lowe, Vaughan. "Us Extraterritorial Jurisdiction: The Helms-burton and D'Amato Acts." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 46, no. 2 (1997): 378–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300060474.

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The history of clashes over extraterritorial jurisdiction between the United States of America and other States in the Americas, Europe and elsewhere is a long one. That history is commonly traced back to the antitrust claims arising from the Alcoa case in 1945, in which the “effects” doctrine was advanced in the peculiar and objectionable form in which it is applied, not simply to acts which constitute elements of a single offence but which occur in different jurisdictions but, rather, to the economic repercussions of acts in one State which are felt in another. The conflict persisted into th

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Walker, Jon, Geralyn Annett, Karen O'Donnell, et al. "California Umbilical Cord Blood Collection Program: Addressing The Diversity Of The National Registry Through Creative Partnerships With Cord Blood Banks and Provision Of High-Quality Cord Blood Units For Research." Blood 122, no. 21 (2013): 5441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.5441.5441.

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Abstract California’s Umbilical Cord Blood Collection Program (UCBCP) is a unique, state-funded system designed to capture the diverse HLA profiles of its residents’ umbilical cord blood units (CBUs) for public banking and use in unrelated transplants, while providing a source of high quality cord blood units for qualified researchers. The legislation’s unifying directive to create a sustainable program to collect diverse California CBUs for banking and research guided the development of tools useful for the assessment of potential cord blood collection sites and partner cord blood banks. Here

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Onstad, L. A., and John J. Gallagher. "INDEMNIFICATION OF OIL SPILL COOPERATIVES DURING THIRD PARTY SPILLS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1989, no. 1 (1989): 499–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1989-1-499.

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ABSTRACT Oil spill cooperatives are generally organized under an agreement that requires a member company to indemnify all other members fully against liability arising from a member company's spill and response actions with cooperative resources. The cooperatives also require the same type of indemnification on the part of nonmembers and third parties. When a major third-party spill occurs in an area where the cooperative's equipment is required, the cooperative can find itself dealing with representatives of shipping companies who are unable or unwilling to commit to required indemnification

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Liao, Da-Yin, and Xuehong Wang. "Applications of Blockchain Technology to Logistics Management in Integrated Casinos and Entertainment." Informatics 5, no. 4 (2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics5040044.

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The gaming industry has evolved into a multi-functional smart city that combines integrated casinos and entertainment (ICE). ICE logistics involve supply chains with various stages in geographically-distributed locations and with limited and complex storage and warehouses. Challenges are to leverage demands, traffic, and storage allocation in ICE logistics. The decentralized structure of blockchain technology allows all parties to participate in ICE logistics. Its cryptography-based, immutable nature gives the assurance of security. This research deals with the design and application of blockc

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Kashkin, Sergey Yu, and Paul A. Kalinichenko. "Legal Regulation of Merchant Shipping (Review of the textbook “The Law of the Sea and International Maritime Business”)." Administrative Consulting, no. 2 (May 14, 2021): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2021-2-154-159.

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The law of the sea is central to the modern international system and has a significant impact on the global economy. Its study is undoubtedly necessary for the education of highly qualified lawyers in the field of international law due to the fact that the safety of sea transport corridors plays a significant role in the development of international trade relations. Freedom of navigation practice in the post-industrial economy depends on the quality of the institutions of public maritime law and the efficiency of the execution of maritime contracts. Authors of the textbook made efforts to mast

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Kartyshev, D. V. "TRANSFORMATION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL BASE OF WORLD CARGO TRANSPORTATION." Economic innovations 19, no. 2(64) (2017): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.2(64).124-128.

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The practice of international merchant shipping and the practice of international trade in goods are interrelated at different levels - from historical to the level of a separate treaty. Here, contracts for the purchase and sale of goods, transportation, insurance, financing, transport and warehouse documents of title are intertwined and interact. The necessary degree of awareness in these issues is an indispensable condition for both successful business activity and for solving the problems of unification of maritime and commercial law. The process of the unification of law began primarily in

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Tai, Sik Kwan. "The application of the verified gross mass rules in Hong Kong." Maritime Business Review 1, no. 3 (2016): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-09-2016-0023.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the implementation of the verified gross mass (VGM) rules in Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach The purpose of this paper is to compare the IMO Guidelines and the Guidelines produced by the Marine Department in Hong Kong. Findings The drafting of the Hong Kong Guidelines is not as clear and detailed as the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Guidelines. Practical implications Shipping companies should review their sea carriage contracts to see whether new clauses should be inserted to solve problems arising from the VGM requirement. Ori

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Boyd, James. "Mechanising migration: Transnational relationships, business structure and diffusing steam on the Atlantic." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 1 (2020): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871420903509.

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The diffusion of steam into the transatlantic migration system of the nineteenth century, one of the most important developments in the history of human demography, is often explained by the technical progress of ships, which made the carrying of migrants under steam profitable. Existing historiography posits that early, basic paddle steamers were sustainable only with government mail contracts, whilst iron screw steamers later facilitated the emergence of a mass migrant trade. Data on steam company formation, durability and accounting for the mid-nineteenth century show that technical thresho

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Philipp, Robert. "Blockchain for LBG Maritime Energy Contracting and Value Chain Management: A Green Shipping Business Model for Seaports." Environmental and Climate Technologies 24, no. 3 (2020): 329–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2020-0107.

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AbstractTo reduce emissions in the maritime transport sector, the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) follows a global clean shipping strategy. Among the different directives of IMO, currently especially the sulphur emission regulations pose challenges for the shipping industry. Related to this are the established Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECAs) and the introduced global sulphur cap. To comply with the sulphur restrictions, according to the present technological state of the art, ship-owners have three options for their existing fleet: the installation of emission abatement techno

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추봉성 and Park Hong-Gyun. "An Optimal ETS(emission trading system) Model with Option Contracts in the Port Logistics Fields: From the Shipping Company's Supply Perspective." Journal of Shipping and Logistics 29, no. 2 (2013): 275–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37059/tjosal.2013.29.2.275.

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CONRATH, DAVID W. "THE MARKET PLACE: A COMPUTER BASED NETWORK FOR GLOBAL MARKETING." Journal of Enterprising Culture 01, no. 03n04 (1994): 383–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495894000069.

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This paper is the second in a series about the MarketPlace, a computer-based network designed to facilitate the involvement of small and medium sized businesses in international trade. The MarketPlace provides a means for identifying and contacting people with whom one would like to do business. Using the system’s software and database a firm could specify requirements or state its capabilities, negotiate contracts and obtain support services (e.g. arranging shipping, customs clearance and financing) that would enable them to undertake trade that would otherwise seem out of reach. The first pa

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Vose, Robin. "Friars on the Edge: Socio-Economic Networking and the Dominicans of Conquered Mallorca." Medieval Encounters 18, no. 2-3 (2012): 207–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12342108.

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Abstract Though often disappointing as sources for religious history, urban convent archives have the potential to shed valuable light on otherwise invisible social networks of the medieval bourgeoisie. Analysis of merchant and other names appearing in a wide variety of mundane contracts reveals the realia of economic relationships that, in the frontier context of Mallorca, occasionally crossed confessional lines. The case studies included in this article hint at the diverse array of characters whose entrepreneurial careers led to associations with and around the thirteenth-century Dominican c

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Wesemann, Larry, Tijana Hamilton, Steve Tabaie, and Gerald Bare. "Cost-of-Delay Studies for Freeway Closures Caused by Northridge Earthquake." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1559, no. 1 (1996): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155900109.

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On January 17, 1994, the Northridge earthquake in California destroyed structures on four important freeways in the Los Angeles basin. Closure to travel on these damaged freeways had significant local, regional, and statewide impacts for general travel, as well as for commuter and commodities movement. Initial research indicated that the four route closures on the I-5, I-10, CA-14, and CA-118 freeways had significant ramifications on the local and state economies on the order of millions of dollars per day. With this in mind, the state of California set up high-incentive reconstruction contrac

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Giat, Yahel. "The Window Fill Rate in a Multiple Location Inventory System with Periodic Review and Order Crossover." International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Operations Management 02, no. 01 (2020): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46254/j.ieom.20200102.

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Deliveries in global supply chains are often made through lengthy shipping routes that are subject to many delays such as border crossings, inspections and so forth. Consequently, orders frequently crossover, that is, their order of arrival is not the same as the order that they were issued. In this paper we model a multiple location inventory system with Poisson demand and periodic review in which orders may crossover. The system’s performance measure is the window fill rate, i.e., the probability that a customer arriving to the system is served within her tolerable wait. We show that when sp

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Longarela-Ares, Ángeles, Anxo Calvo-Silvosa, and José-Benito Pérez-López. "The Influence of Economic Barriers and Drivers on Energy Efficiency Investments in Maritime Shipping, from the Perspective of the Principal-Agent Problem." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (2020): 7943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12197943.

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Maritime transport stands out as a strategic sector; the increasing trend in maritime traffic makes it essential to reduce energy consumption and emissions through investment in energy efficiency. However, investments can be hindered by barriers, and drivers are necessary to reduce or overcome them and promote investment. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to analyze what factors influence investment decisions—and how they do so—when there are principal-agent problems in the shipowner–charterer relationship. The methodology is based on the following process: model and hypotheses formul

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Yap, Ji Lian. "Predictability, certainty, and party autonomy in the sale and supply of goods." Common Law World Review 46, no. 4 (2017): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473779517735286.

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Predictability, certainty, and party autonomy are important goals in the development of legal principles. This article will examine these concepts and discuss a theoretical framework by which legal developments can be assessed. This theoretical framework will be applied in order to critically consider recent developments in two key areas relating to the sale and supply of goods, namely the action for price, and the characterization of contracts. In examining the interrelation between case law and legislation in these aspects of Commercial Law, the impact of the recent UK Supreme Court decision

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KARTYSHEV, D. V. "IMPLEMENTATION OF UKRAINE'S WORLD EXPERIENCE INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT FOR CARRIAGE TRANSPORTATION." Economic innovations 20, no. 1(66) (2018): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2018.20.1(66).87-95.

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Topicality. The functioning of international merchant shipping and the practice of international trade in goods are interrelated at different levels - from historical to the level of a separate treaty. Here, contracts for the purchase and sale of goods, transportation, insurance, financing, transport and warehouse documents of title are intertwined and interact. The necessary degree of awareness in these issues is an indispensable condition for both successful business activity and for solving the problems of unification of maritime and commercial law. Also the urgency of the organizing proble

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Yu, Mingzhu, Ruina Yang, Zelong Yi, and Xuwen Cong. "Contracting in Ocean Shipping Market Under Asymmetric Information." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 37, no. 02 (2020): 2050006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217595920500062.

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In this paper, we not only develop a Stackelberg game to capture the unique characteristics of the ocean freight transportation, but also employ a screening model to address the contracting issue between one carrier and one freight forwarder under asymmetric information. The freight forwarder faces random demand from multiple shippers. In our framework, the spot price is positively correlated with the shippers’ demand. We first derive the forwarder’s optimal strategy, and then formulate the carrier’s contract design problem under symmetric and asymmetric information. Subsequently, we fully cha

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Prasetia, Fajar Tri, and Tukhas Shilul Imaroh. "CONTRACTOR SELECTION ASSESSMENT STRATEGY IN THE UPSTREAM OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY TOWARDS GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT." Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting 1, no. 3 (2020): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v1i3.314.

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Nowdays, the level of business competition in managing the upstream oil and gas industry is getting higher, therefore oil and gas companies need to improve their performance and optimize the existing resources in the company. This must also be considered in efforts to manage and save the environment, which is currently the main focus of governments and businesses to preserve the environment. In addition to internal improvements were made, improvements are also needed on the part of contractors/suppliers to support this. In this regard, this study was conducted to develop a strategy for conduct

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Halladay, John. "Transfield Shipping Inc v Mercator Shipping Inc (The “Achilleas”) [2008] 2 Lloyd's Rep 275." Denning Law Journal 21, no. 1 (2012): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v21i1.350.

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REMOTENESS OF CONTRACTUAL DAMAGESOn 9 July 2008, the House of Lords handed down its decision in Transfield Shipping Inc v Mercator Shipping Inc (The “Achilleas”).1 Overturning a series of lower decisions, the House of Lords unanimously decided to restrict the damages available for the breach of a charterparty caused by the late re-delivery of the ship. The case will undoubtedly be important for those in the shipping industry, but will also be important for the development of the doctrine of remoteness of damages in contract law.

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Guoth, Nicholas. "Advancing trade with China: The Eastern and Australian Mail Steam Company and the 1873–1880 mail contract." International Journal of Maritime History 31, no. 2 (2019): 263–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871419833524.

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The Eastern and Australian Mail Steam Company altered the dynamics of sea transport between China and Australia in the late nineteenth century. From 1873 to 1880, this shipping company initiated a new, regular, and permanent route between China and Australia that assisted in the development of stronger trade relationships. The company fulfilled this on the back of a mail contract with the Queensland government. What transpired during the mail contract, its impacts, and its legacies have left an indelible, though unrecognised, positive mark on Australia’s trade relationships with China. As such

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Wang, Dong-Hua. "Confidential service contract promotes competition in the European shipping market." European Journal of Law and Economics 36, no. 1 (2011): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10657-011-9240-0.

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Joo, Seong-Jong, Hokey Min, and Carlo Smith. "Benchmarking freight rates and procuring cost-attractive transportation services." International Journal of Logistics Management 28, no. 1 (2017): 194–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-01-2015-0030.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to help shippers determine a negotiation yardstick for transportation price and formulate wise transportation outsourcing strategies by examining the presence of freight rate differentials for shippers and identifying their main causes. This paper also develops a framework for benchmarking freight rates based on the actual data. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes an additive dummy regression model to determine a statistical significance in shipping charges between different shippers. Unlike the traditional least square analysis, the proposed mo

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Sharify, Seyedeh Koyestan, and Ali Mohammad Mokarrami. "The Study of Regulations Governing Shipping Bill of Lading in Iran Laws and International Trade Documents." Journal of Politics and Law 9, no. 8 (2016): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v9n8p44.

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The present study deals with review of regulations governing shipping bill of lading in Iran laws and international trade documents through descriptive analysis. In this paper, it is tried to study the concepts of maritime transport contract, legal concept of vessel, shipping bill of lading and its components, the content of shipping bill of lading and its proofing aspects in international conventions and Iran law. The research findings indicate that shipping bill of lading is considered one of the valid documents in international trade and in accordance with the common trade, judicial procedu

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Gutsulyak, Vasiliy N. "The Types of the Charter-Parties in International Commercial Shipping." Proceedings of the Institute of State and Law of the RAS 14, no. 4 (2019): 108–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35427/2073-4522-2019-14-4-gutsulyak.

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One of the most important tools for the use of sea and river vessels for the carriage of goods is a contract of affreightment (charter party). Under the terms of the charter-party, one party (the shipowner) transfers the vessel or part of its premises to the other party (the charterer) for the established remuneration (the freight).Despite the fact that charter-parties have long been used in the practice of shipping, however, today both in doctrine and in practice there is no unified approach to their classification and understanding of their legal nature.According to the author, at present al

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Himsworth, Chris. "Transplanting Irrationality from Public to Private Law: Braganza v BP Shipping Ltd." Edinburgh Law Review 23, no. 1 (2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/elr.2019.0522.

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For many years, similarities have been noticed between the motivations for, and the methods of, controlling the exercise of discretionary powers on the one hand, in public law and, on the other hand, in contract law. There has, however, been much disagreement about how far the two processes should aligned, and whether the grounds of review in public law should be extended into the contractual domain. In Braganza v BP Shipping Ltd [2015] UKSC 17, the UK Supreme Court sought a high degree of alignment through the adoption, in a contractual dispute, of public law standards of reasonableness. This

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Alizadeh, Amir H., and Wayne K. Talley. "Microeconomic determinants of dry bulk shipping freight rates and contract times." Transportation 38, no. 3 (2010): 561–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11116-010-9308-7.

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Sims, V. K., and R. J. Goddard. "CONTROLLING CONTRACTUAL DISCRETION." Cambridge Law Journal 61, no. 2 (2002): 239–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197302301600.

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In 1993 Leggatt L.J. said in Abu Dhabi National Tanker Co. v. Product Star Shipping Ltd. (The Product Star) [1993] 1 Lloyds Rep. 397, 404: Where A and B contract with each other to confer a discretion on A, that does not render B subject to A’s uninhibited whim. In my judgment, the authorities show that not only must the discretion be exercised honestly and in good faith, but, having regard to the provisions of the contract by which it is conferred, it must not be exercised arbitrarily, capriciously or unreasonably.

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