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Stock, Johanna [Verfasser]. "Cellular stress responses during cryo-induced stress in Arabidopsis shoot tips / Johanna Stock." Halle, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162892803/34.
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Kaczmarczyk, Anja. "Physiological, biochemical, histological and ultrastructural aspects of cryopreservation in meristematic tissue of potato shoot tips." Berlin Köster, 2008. http://d-nb.info/991906160/04.
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Pfister, Lucas Federico. "Effect of canopy management practices - hedging vs curling shoot tips - on growth, yield and fruit composition of Merlot grapevines." Master's thesis, ISA, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8583.
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Mestrado Vinifera EuroMaster - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaA study to compare the effects of hedging and curling the shoot tips (rolling) on the last wire of the trellising system was carried out in Saint Emilion (France) on Merlot grapevines in 2011. Vines were hedged or curled when shoots were 30 – 40 cm longer than the highest wire. The effects of the two canopy management strategies on vine performance, mainly vegetative growth, disease occurrence, phenology, water status, yield components and berry composition were compared. Curled, not hedged vines presented longer main shoots, more lateral shoots and higher potassium values on the petioles. Hedged plants had a higher percentage of shaded clusters and a higher leaf layer number at the cluster zone and ¾ of the canopy. Regarding leaf area, curled plants presented a bigger main leaf area but for lateral leaf area no differences were found. Although berries on hedged plants were prone to have a higher mass, no differences for berry composition were found. Hedging seems to be an appropriated technique for the Sain Emilion region as it is less time consuming, less expensive, possible to be mechanized and it has no detriment regarding quality of berries
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Edesi, J. (Jaanika). "The effect of light spectral quality on cryopreservation success of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) shoot tips in vitro." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526219219.
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Abstract Cryopreservation enables storage of genetic resources at ultra-low temperatures (<-150°C) while maintaining viability and regeneration capability. The method is especially suitable for long-term preservation of plant materials that cannot be stored as seeds. The genetic resources of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), one of the most important food crops in the world, are preserved almost entirely by vegetative preservation. Cryopreservation is therefore increasingly applied for securing potato genetic resources in plant genebanks. A major challenge is, however, that recovery percentages can extensively vary among different genotypes. Light spectral quality is among the most important factors affecting plant growth and morphogenesis, but its effect with regard to cryopreservation has not been studied. In the present thesis, I studied the effect of six different light qualities on cryopreservation success of five potato cultivars before and after cryopreservation. I also explored how the different light conditions affect gene transcript abundance of recovering potato shoot tips. The results indicate that light spectral quality significantly affects the cryopreservation success of potato shoot tips in vitro. Prior to cryopreservation, cultivation under blue LEDs resulted in high initial survival, while post-cryopreservation exposure to a combination of red and blue LEDs (90% red, 10% blue) doubled the regeneration percentages. Concurrently, for most cultivars, red LEDs had adverse effects both before and after cryopreservation. The transcriptome analysis of potato shoot tips revealed the complex and extensive effect of cryopreservation on transcript abundance. Moreover, the expression level of stress- and defence-responsive genes was affected by light spectral quality. The positive effect of red-blue LEDs on shoot formation could tentatively be associated with a higher level of morphogenesis-related transcripts and lower level of stress and defence-responsive transcripts. The present thesis reveals that light spectral quality is an additional non-cryogenic factor, which can significantly increase the cryopreservation efficiency of plant germplasmTiivistelmä Syväjäädytys mahdollistaa geenivarojen säilytyksen erittäin alhaisissa lämpötiloissa (<-150°C), siten että niiden elin- ja uusiutumiskyky säilyvät. Menetelmä soveltuu erityisesti sellaisten kasvimateriaalien pitkäaikaissäilytykseen, joita ei voida säilöä siementen avulla. Peruna (Solanum tuberosum L.) on yksi maailman tärkeimmistä ruokakasveista ja sen geenivaroja säilytetään lähes pelkästään vegetatiivisesti. Syväjäädytysmenetelmää käytetäänkin kasvavissa määrin perunan geenivarojen taltioimiseen geenipankeissa. Haasteena on kuitenkin syväjäädytyksen jälkeinen suuri vaihtelu elpymisprosenteissa eri genotyyppien välillä. Valon laatu on yksi tärkeimmistä kasvien kasvuun ja kehitykseen vaikuttavista tekijöistä, mutta sen vaikutusta syväjäädytyksen yhteydessä ei ole tutkittu. Väitöskirjassani tutkin kuuden erilaisen valonlaadun vaikutusta sekä syväjäädytystä edeltävän että sen jälkeisen kasvatuksen aikana viiden perunalajikkeen selviytymiseen. Lisäksi tutkin, miten erilaiset valo-olosuhteet vaikuttivat geenien ilmenemiseen elpyvissä perunan versonkärjissä. Tutkimukseni osoitti, että valon laatu vaikuttaa merkittävästi perunan versonkärkien kykyyn elpyä syväjäädytyksestä in vitro -olosuhteissa. Kun perunan versonkärkiä kasvatettiin sinisten LED-valojen alla ennen syväjäädytystä, niiden elävyysprosentit olivat korkeita, kun taas syväjäädytystä seuraava kasvatus sinipunaisten LED-valojen (90 % punaista, 10 % sinistä) alla kaksinkertaisti uusiutumisprosentit. Samanaikaisesti suurimmalle osalle lajikkeista punaisilla LED-valoilla oli epäsuotuisat vaikutukset selviytymiseen sekä syväjäädytystä edeltävän, että sitä seuraavan kasvatuksen aikana. Perunan kärkisilmujen geeniekspressioanalyysi osoitti, että syväjäädyttäminen aiheuttaa laajoja ja monitahoisia vaikutuksia kasvin geenien toiminnassa. Valon laatu vaikutti erityisesti stressi- ja puolustusgeenien ilmenemiseen. Tulokset viittaavat siihen että sinipunaisten LED-valojen uusiutumista edistävä vaikutus voi liittyä morfogeneesissä toimivien geenituotteiden runsauteen ja toisaalta stressi- ja puolustusgeenituotteiden määrän laskuun. Kaiken kaikkiaan tutkimukseni osoitti, että valon laatu on tärkeä ei-kryogeeninen tekijä, joka voi lisätä kasvien syväjäädytyksen tehokkuutta
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Chaves, Elisiane Inês Dall'oglio. "Estabelecimento "in vitro" de Citronela de Java (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt)." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2006. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1282.
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Previous issue date: 2006-09-19Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Citronella of Java (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) is an aromatical plant with large usage in the manufacture of mosquito repellents because it contains essential oil rich in citronelal. The application of tissue culture on a large scale in medicinal plants production has increased significantly, since the conventional methods of propagation limit the potential use of some plants. Due that, one citronella of Java protocol was established with the objective of getting an alternative technique for the propagation of that culture. Four experiments ware conducted to evaluate the asepsis time, the explant type, the effect of vegetal regulators on the "in vitro" propagation of citronella of Java, as well as the micro-propagated seedling acclimatization. The gotten results had disclosed that the use of sodium hypochlorite (0.5%) during 30 minutes promoted a satisfactory asepsis index. The shoot tips explants type showed greater potential for the ?in vitro? development. It was verified that the use of benzilaminapurine (BAP) cytokynin is indispensable to succeed in the citronella of Java "in vitro" establishment, being able to be used in the concentration of 2.0 mg L-1. However, the use of indolbutyric acid (IBA) in the different tested concentrations did not present any results that justify its use, neither in the citronella of Java multiplication nor in the root establishment. The root establishment was evidenced when micro-propagated seedlings had been inoculated only in MS culture medium. It was verified that the check (without vegetal regulator) had a direct organogenesis, while such event was not verified in the other treatments. In the micro-propagated seedling acclimatization it was verified that the use of the floating method, it was essential for the seedlings survival, resulting in high survival index
A citronela de Java (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) é uma planta aromática muito utilizada na fabricação de repelentes contra mosquitos por conter óleo essencial rico em citronelal. A utilização da cultura de tecidos, como forma de propagação de plantas medicinais tem aumentado significativamente, pois os métodos convencionais de propagação limitam o potencial de uso de algumas plantas. Sendo assim, um protocolo regenerativo para a citronela de Java foi estabelecido com o objetivo de se obter uma técnica alternativa para a propagação dessa cultura. Para isso foram realizados quatro experimentos envolvendo a avaliação do tempo de assepsia, do tipo de explante, do efeito de reguladores vegetais na propagação in vitro da citronela de Java, bem como a aclimatação das plântulas micropropagadas. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que a utilização do hipoclorito de sódio (0,5%) por 30 minutos promoveu índice satisfatório de assepsia. Os explantes com maior potencial ao desenvolvimento in vitro foram os ápices caulinares. Verificou-se que o emprego da citocinina benzilaminopurina (BAP) é indispensável para o sucesso do estabelecimento in vitro da citronela de Java, podendo ser utilizado na concentração de 2,0 mg L-1. No entanto, a utilização do ácido indolbutírico (IBA) nas diferentes concentrações testadas não apresentou resultados que justifique seu emprego, tanto na multiplicação quanto no enraizamento das plântulas de citronela de Java. O enraizamento foi evidenciado quando as plântulas micropropagadas foram inoculadas somente em meio de cultura MS. Foi constatado que na testemunha (sem regulador vegetal) houve uma organogênese direta, não sendo verificada nos demais tratamentos. Na aclimatação das plântulas micropropagadas verificou-se que a utilização do método floating , foi fundamental para a sobrevivência das plântulas, tendo sido observado alto índice de sobrevivência
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Soediono, Andy H. "Near tip stress and strain fields for short elastic cracks." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19557.
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Matos, Sara Mulenas Sá de. "Identificação genética humana: estudos de novos marcadores genéticos do tipo STR e InDel." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Saúde Egas Moniz, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/5125.
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Dissertação para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Biologia Molecular em SaúdeOs marcadores genéticos do tipo Short Tandem Repeats (STR), são os atualmente recomendados para a obtenção de perfis genéticos, sendo que, muito recentemente foi apresentado como obrigatório para uso forense, um novo conjunto destes marcadores. Não obstante, existem também outros tipos de marcadores genéticos passíveis de utilização para definir perfis genéticos, designadamente marcadores do tipo Inserção/Deleção, ou InDel. Os novos marcadores STR e a grande maioria dos marcadores InDel ainda não estão suficientemente estudados e implementados nos laboratórios forenses, pelo que é necessário validar a reação, calcular frequências alélicas, parâmetros estatísticos populacionais e forenses. Estudámos os novos marcadores STR e um conjunto de marcadores do tipo InDel numa amostra com cerca de 120 indivíduos do sul de Portugal, intervenientes em perícias médico-legais a decorrer no Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses. No que concerne aos marcadores STR incluídos no kit PowerPlex®ESI17 (promega), os ensaios de validação demonstraram a sua elevada sensibilidade, precisão e capacidade de detetar misturas de DNA. No entanto, relativamente aos limiares analíticos não está de acordo com o descrito anteriormente. Os parâmetros estatísticos populacionais e forenses estão de acordo com o esperado e o cálculo das distâncias genéticas demonstrou existir diferenças genéticas entre as populações em estudo. Relativamente aos marcadores do tipo InDel incluídos no kit Investigator DIPPlex® (Qiagen), os ensaios de validação demonstraram que o kit tem uma elevada sensibilidade, limiares analíticos relativamente baixos, boa capacidade de detetar misturas e boa precisão. As frequências alélicas estão em equilíbrio Hardy-Weinberg, no entanto os valores de heterozigotia não são os esperados. Os parâmetros estatísticos forenses estão de acordo com o esperado e o cálculo das 4 distâncias genéticas demonstrou que existem diferenças genéticas significativas relativamente a outras populações. Concluímos que ambos os kits poderão ser utilizados para a prática forense apesar de, aparentemente, não preencherem todos os requisitos habitualmente avançados para os marcadores genéticos a utilizar na rotina forense. Deverão ser realizados mais estudos com maior número de indivíduos e de diferentes populações.
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Santos, Antonio Carlos dos. "Determinação da tenacidade ao fraturamento de concretos utilizando corpos de prova do tipo "short-rod"." [s.n.], 1998. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258101.
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Orientador: Jose Luiz Antunes O. e SousaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil
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Resumo: Neste trabalho desenvolveu-se uma metodologia para a detenninação da tenacidade ao fraturamento (K1c)do material concreto, através de ensaio de tração com velocidade controlada em corpos de prova do tipo "short-rod", baseando-se em recomendações da ISRM. No decorrer do trabalho, elaboraram-se projetos de fôrmas para confecção dos corpos de prova, assim como um procedimento para cura e desforma dos mesmos, além de um sistema de aplicação de carga para simular o fraturamento no modo I. Foram ensaiados 72 corpos de prova do tipo "short-rod" para a detenninação de K1c,em quatro grupos de 18 corpos de prova, com distintos traços de concreto variando-se a resistência e tamanho dos agregados graúdos. Cada grupo foi dividido em três partes iguais, ensaiadas em idades diferentes. Simultaneamente ensaiaram-se corpos de prova cilíndricos para a detenninação da resistência à compressão e a resistência à tração. A metodologia adotada se mostrou adequada para a detenninação da tenacidade ao fraturamento do concreto. Os resultados obtidos indicaram dependência da tenacidade ao fraturamento em relação ao tamanho do agregado graúdo, à resistência à compressão e à idade do concreto
Mestrado
Estruturas
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Weaver, Rosalie Mary. "Innovation within the modern short story through the interaction of gender, nationality, and genre, Margaret Atwood's Wilderness tips and Alice Munro's Open secrets." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq23675.pdf.
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Dagallier, Adrien. "Modeling acoustic impulse arrivals for shot localization in complex environments." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEC034.
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Les systèmes de localisation acoustique existent depuis le début du XXème siècle. Les tirs d’armes à feu émettent des ondes de forte amplitude (de bouche au départ du coup, balistique générée par un projectile supersonique, éventuellement d’impact) qui se propagent à grande distance. Les capteurs acoustiques pour mesurer ces ondes sont passifs, omnidirectionnels, fonctionnels par tout temps et de faible coût. Distribués dans une zone d’intérêt, ils extraient temps d’arrivée (TOAs) ou caractéristiques fréquentielles, qui permettent de remonter à une position de source via des algorithmes de localisation et des modèles de propagation. La méthode Matching de l’équipe se démarque par l’inclusion de la physique de la propagation dans la localisation : vent, température, obstacles... Les mesures à un jeu de capteurs sont comparées à des simulations numériques de propagation depuis des sources virtuelles. Celle donnant le meilleur accord est assimilée à la source du son mesuré. En pratique, les TOAs d’une onde sur un jeu de capteurs distribués et synchrones suffisent. La base de données est simulable à l’avance, tandis que la phase de Matching est quasi - temps réel. La localisation est peu sensible au bruit, à la calibration ou aux erreurs de positionnement de capteurs. La création de la base de données est toutefois numériquement coûteuse, et le traitement de géométries et sources sonores non triviales est un défi. Les questions de l’intégration de l’environnement, de la faisabilité de la localisation de tirs d’artillerie en Matching ainsi que du Matching sur les multiples arrivées d’un même tir, se posent. L’objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir un outil de modélisation qui englobe l’acquisition de données atmosphériques et de terrain, la balistique des tirs et la propagation acoustique, afin de calculer les TOAs associés aux tirs supersoniques de manière physiquement cohérente et réaliste. Le niveau de détail de chaque physique pour la phase de Matching est aligné sur le facteur identifié comme limitant. Pour ce faire, un modèle de propagation acoustique de type Fast-Marching, baptisé IFM, est proposé. IFM conserve la généralité physique des méthodes 3D+temps, mais gagne en temps de calcul en ne calculant que les TOAs. Les géométries urbaines sont traitées par des maillages non structurés, la propagation à grande distance par des maillages curvilignes adaptés au relief. Un modèle balistique, incluant les impacts de balle dans les bâtiments ou le sol et les effets aérodynamiques 3D pour les projectiles de gros calibre, est couplé à IFM la simulation des ondes balistique et d’impact. Enfin, un couplage à des modèles de mécanique des fluides numérique et de prévision numérique du temps méso-échelle est réalisé pour la détermination de données atmosphériques pertinentes, en complément ou remplacement de mesures in-situ. L’approche est évaluée en environnement urbain via deux campagnes de mesures, avec tirs supersoniques à balles réelles. Les performances de localisation de sources ponctuelles sont excellentes avec 4 capteurs ou plus. La localisation de sniper est précise avec 6 capteurs distribués, sans visibilité directe sur le tir, ce qui est à notre connaissance une première pour du sniper. Une démonstration de l’approche en artillerie est effectuée en utilisant les arrivées multiples extraites de signaux mesurés. Grâce à la précision des simulations des TOAs des ondes de bouche, balistique et d’impact, la localisation est possible depuis des capteurs faiblement espacés, sans influence notable de la géométrie de déploiement sur la performance. Là encore, il s’agit à notre connaissance une première. Le modèle développé dans cette thèse permet d’estimer numériquement les performances de n’importe quel système de détection synchrone basé sur des TOAs, sniper comme artillerie, dans des scénarios réalistes et des environnements arbitrairement complexes. L’optimisation du placement des capteurs est ainsi envisageableBattlefield acoustics sensing systems have been used since the early 20th century for detection and localization of threats. Artillery and gun shots emit loud sounds (muzzle blast upon firing, ballistic wave emitted by the supersonic projectile, possible impact burst) which propagate at long ranges. These sounds may be recorded at low-cost, passive, all-weather, omnidirectional sensors, usually distributed over the monitored area. Sensor data are then fused, using localization algorithms and propagation models to relate observed features, e.g. times of arrival (TOAs) or spectra, to a plausible source position. The originality of the team’s approach, through the Matching method, consists in factoring in the physics of propagation: wind and temperature effects, obstacles... A database of virtual sources acoustic features is numerically predicted at a set of sensors. Upon detection of an event, observed features are evaluated against the database. The estimated sound source position is that of the closest match. In practice, TOAs of signals at synchronous, distributed sensors are sufficient for localization of e.g., sniper shots in urban areas. The database may be generated in advance, while the Matching is potentially real-time. Localization is robust to noise, sensor positioning, calibration, or environment data errors. However, building the database is computer-intensive, and handling of non-trivial geometries or sources is challenging. Integration of environment data, feasibility of artillery shot localization and of Matching multiple arrivals, are open questions. The rationale of the present work is to develop a modeling suite, from procurement of terrain and atmosphere data, to shot ballistics and acoustic propagation, to compute TOAs of the acoustic emissions of supersonic shots in a consistent and physics-based fashion. Each time, limiting factors (sensor position error, atmospheric data accuracy, ballistic dispersion...) are determined, and all models are consequently refined, or simplified, to the befitting level of detail for the Matching phase. More specifically, a Fast-Marching acoustic propagation model is derived and implemented (IFM). IFM retains the physical generality of 3D+time solvers, while computing only TOAs and thus being much faster. IFM handles urban geometries with unstructured meshes, and long range propagation with terrain-following grids. Coupling to a ballistic model accounts for sound emissions of supersonic shots. Bullet hits in building façades or the ground and 3D aerodynamic effects for large caliber projectiles are considered. IFM is then coupled to computational fluid dynamics or meso-scale numerical weather prediction models to determine relevant atmospheric inputs in support or replacement of on-site measurements. Two measurement campaigns were conducted for evaluation of the approach in built-up areas, including supersonic weapons and actual live ammunition. Point source localization performance is state-of-the-art with down to 4 sensors. Sniper localization performs well with down to 6 sensors, including fully non-line-of-sight sensors configurations - which is to our knowledge a first for countersniper systems. Localization of artillery shots is demonstrated on the multiple arrivals of measured artillery signals, from a small baseline array, with little influence of the array geometry on the sensing performance, thanks to the accuracy of the predicted muzzle blast, ballistic wave and impact burst TOAs. Again, this is to our knowledge a first. The modeling suite developed in this work may readily assess the performance of any synchronous, TOA-based sensing system in realistic scenarii, in arbitrarily complex, nonline- of-sight environments - with a common framework for both counter-sniper and counter artillery systems. It could also be used as a decision aid, to choose the most fitting sensor configuration for surveillance of a given area, in a given scenario
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Van, Poppel Bret P. (Bret Patrick) 1969. "Tip casing heat transfer measurements of a film-cooled turbine stage in a short duration facility." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/82202.
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Melo, Cristiane Gamarano de. "Criopreservação de germoplasma de cana-de-açúcar." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2008. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4691.
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This study was carried out to develop some protocols for cryopreservation of sugarcane germplasm in liquid nitrogen at -196°C. The exposure time of the shoot tips encapsulated in the laminar flow chamber for obtaining the moisture contents of 30, 20 and 10% was determined in an assay. The results were analyzed and interpreted, by using the free R software. The medium points of each time under evaluation were united by straight line segments, as drawing a tendency line for the moisture loss. Then, with the aid of horizontal lines referring to moisture contents of 30, 20 and 10%, the drying times were directly identified in the graph at 5.7; 7.45 and 10.1 hours, respectively. To induce the tolerance of the shoot tips to drying process, the preculture was accomplished in liquid culture medium enriched with 0.3; 0.5 and 0.75M sucrose for one and two days. The entirely randomized experimental design was used under a factorial scheme 3X2X4 (sucrose concentrations, preculture time and drying time) with three replicates. The survival index data were analyzed and interpreted, by using the free R software. The variance analysis was performed and the averages were compared by the Tukey test at 5% significance, when necessary. According to the results, the following conclusions were drawn: independently of the preculture time to be one or two days, the preculture in the culture medium enriched with 0.3M sucrose was ideal to induce the tolerance of the tissues to drying; the shoot tips were sensitive to the concentration of 0.75M sucrose in the preculture solution. The 12h culture of the shoot tips in the basic culture medium resulted into reactivation of their metabolism through accumulation of the starch grain, besides the recovery of the stress generated by its extraction. The intensity of the starch synthesis was increased, when the shoot tips were precultured in the liquid culture medium containing sucrose at concentrations 0.30; 0.50 and 0.75M. In the cryopreservation of the encapsulated shoot tips, the effect of the sucrose concentration, drying time and defrosting method were studied under a factorial 3X4X3 (three sucrose concentrations, four drying times and three defrosting methods). Independently of the combination adopted when the shoot tips were cryopreserved, a null survival index was obtained. The histological analyses revealed that both cells and cellular walls of the cryopreserved explants were severely damaged.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de protocolos para criopreservação, em nitrogênio líquido a -196°C, de germoplasma de cana-de-açúcar. O tempo de exposição dos ápices caulinares encapsulados a câmara de fluxo laminar para a obtenção dos teores de umidade de 30, 20 e 10% foi determinado através de um ensaio e os resultados obtidos foram analisados e interpretados utilizando o software livre R. Os pontos médios de cada tempo avaliado foram unidos por segmentos de reta traçando uma linha de tendência de perda de umidade. Posteriormente, com o auxílio de linhas horizontais referentes aos teores de umidade de 30, 20 e 10%, os tempos de secagem foram identificados diretamente no gráfico em 5,7; 7,45 e 10,1 horas, respectivamente. Para induzir a tolerância dos ápices caulinares à secagem foi realizado o pré-cultivo em meio de cultura líquido enriquecido com 0,3; 0,5 e 0,75 M de sacarose por um e dois dias. O experimento foi organizado em um esquema fatorial 3X2X4 (concentrações de sacarose, tempo de pré-cultivo e tempo de secagem) segundo o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Os dados do índice de sobrevivência obtidos foram analisados e interpretados utilizando o software livre R. Foi realizada a análise de variância e quando necessário as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Os resultados indicaram que o pré-cultivo em meio de cultura enriquecido com 0,3 M de sacarose, independentemente se por um ou dois dias, foi ideal para induzir a tolerância dos tecidos à secagem. Os ápices caulinares foram sensíveis à concentração de 0,75 M de sacarose na solução de pré- cultivo. O cultivo por 12 horas dos ápices caulinares em meio básico de cultura resultou além da recuperação do estresse gerado pela sua extração, a reativação do seu metabolismo através do acúmulo de grão de amido. A síntese de amido aumentou em intensidade quando os ápices foram pré- cultivados em meio de cultura líquido contendo sacarose nas concentrações de 0,30; 0,50 e 0,75 M. Na criopreservação dos ápices caulinares encapsulados, estudou-se o efeito de três fatores, concentração de sacarose, tempo de secagem e o método de descongelamento, em um fatorial 3X4X3. Independentemente da combinação adotada quando os ápices caulinares foram criopreservados o índice de sobrevivência obtido foi nulo. As análises histológicas revelaram que as células e a parede celular dos explantes criopreservados foram severamente danificadas.
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Zuanazzi, Guilherme. "O tipo penal de disparo de arma de fogo como espécie dos delitos contra a incolumidade pública : uma antecipação de tutela penal legitimável /." Franca : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89866.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Fernando Andrade FernandesBanca: Antonio Milton de Barros
Banca: Marisa Helena D'Arbo Alves de Freitas
Resumo: O presente trabalho aborda o problema da legitimação do delito de disparo de arma de fogo prescrito no Estatuto do Desarmamento (Lei n. 10.826/03). Para tanto, empreende uma análise dogmática da figura típica correspondente, com a intenção de identificar os principais entraves existentes na imputação objetiva do resultado e encontrar-lhes um encaminhamento adequado às finalidades do Sistema jurídico-penal. Desenvolve a análise do objeto aplicando o método derivado do Modelo da "Ciência conjunta do direito penal". Primeiramente, identifica o novo significado do comportamento de disparo no contexto das interações sociais próprias da sociedade pós-industrial, determinando um substrato criminológico a partir do qual a tutela penal da incolumidade pública adquire conteúdo e função. Em um segundo momento, fundamenta a criminalização do disparo por meio da valoração político-criminal da incolumidade pública como um valor digno de proteção penal e da ofensividade do comportamento de "disparo em local destinado à comunidade" como um resultado desvalioso para bem jurídico tutelado. Por fim, projeta os fundamentos teóricos, obtidos com as análises criminológica e político-criminal, na interpretação dogmática do tipo legal, revelando a definição dos elementos do injusto penal de forma concreta, mas não menos adequada sistematicamente. Conclui, assim, pela compreensão do delito de disparo na forma de uma espécie dos crimes contra a incolumidade pública, como sendo a melhor via para a legitimação da intervenção penal
Abstract: The present work deals with the legitimacy matter of the misdeed of the shot set in the statute of disarmament. Hence, it executes a dogmatic analysis of the correspondent prohibitive norm, intending to identify the main barriers of the objective imputation of the result as well as to find an adequate path to the purposes of the juridical-penal System. It builds an analysis of the object by applying the derived method of the joint legal-criminal sciences Model. Firstly, it identifies the new significance of the shot in the post-industrial social interactions, defining a criminological base from which the public safety acquires content and function. Secondly, it bases the criminalisation of the shot by the criminal-political evaluation of the public safety as a value worthy of penal protection and by the offensiveness of the shot in a public area as an offensive result for the protected legal good. Lastly, it highlights the theoretical bases, which have been obtained by criminological and criminal-political analyses, in the dogmatic interpretation of the legal prohibition. This reveals the definition of the criminal illicit elements not only concretely, but also systematically adequate. It concludes by reinforcing the comprehension of the misdeed of the shot as a part of the crimes against public safety as being the best path for the penal intervention legitimacy
Mestre
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Zuanazzi, Guilherme [UNESP]. "O tipo penal de disparo de arma de fogo como espécie dos delitos contra a incolumidade pública: uma antecipação de tutela penal legitimável." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89866.
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zuanazzi_g_me_fran.pdf: 1242411 bytes, checksum: 9314547aae6932ff1ef715addf4ef146 (MD5)O presente trabalho aborda o problema da legitimação do delito de disparo de arma de fogo prescrito no Estatuto do Desarmamento (Lei n. 10.826/03). Para tanto, empreende uma análise dogmática da figura típica correspondente, com a intenção de identificar os principais entraves existentes na imputação objetiva do resultado e encontrar-lhes um encaminhamento adequado às finalidades do Sistema jurídico-penal. Desenvolve a análise do objeto aplicando o método derivado do Modelo da “Ciência conjunta do direito penal”. Primeiramente, identifica o novo significado do comportamento de disparo no contexto das interações sociais próprias da sociedade pós-industrial, determinando um substrato criminológico a partir do qual a tutela penal da incolumidade pública adquire conteúdo e função. Em um segundo momento, fundamenta a criminalização do disparo por meio da valoração político-criminal da incolumidade pública como um valor digno de proteção penal e da ofensividade do comportamento de “disparo em local destinado à comunidade” como um resultado desvalioso para bem jurídico tutelado. Por fim, projeta os fundamentos teóricos, obtidos com as análises criminológica e político-criminal, na interpretação dogmática do tipo legal, revelando a definição dos elementos do injusto penal de forma concreta, mas não menos adequada sistematicamente. Conclui, assim, pela compreensão do delito de disparo na forma de uma espécie dos crimes contra a incolumidade pública, como sendo a melhor via para a legitimação da intervenção penal
The present work deals with the legitimacy matter of the misdeed of the shot set in the statute of disarmament. Hence, it executes a dogmatic analysis of the correspondent prohibitive norm, intending to identify the main barriers of the objective imputation of the result as well as to find an adequate path to the purposes of the juridical-penal System. It builds an analysis of the object by applying the derived method of the joint legal-criminal sciences Model. Firstly, it identifies the new significance of the shot in the post-industrial social interactions, defining a criminological base from which the public safety acquires content and function. Secondly, it bases the criminalisation of the shot by the criminal-political evaluation of the public safety as a value worthy of penal protection and by the offensiveness of the shot in a public area as an offensive result for the protected legal good. Lastly, it highlights the theoretical bases, which have been obtained by criminological and criminal-political analyses, in the dogmatic interpretation of the legal prohibition. This reveals the definition of the criminal illicit elements not only concretely, but also systematically adequate. It concludes by reinforcing the comprehension of the misdeed of the shot as a part of the crimes against public safety as being the best path for the penal intervention legitimacy
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Santiago, Gisele. "Nas cultivares de batata asterix e atlantic por marcadores morfológicos e microssatélites." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3198.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), Solanaceae, ranked fourth in quantity food production, exceeded only by wheat, rice and corn. The potato crop is propagated vegetative form, which requires high quality plant for income maintenance in the field. However, culture is susceptible to diseases, mainly viruses so it is necessary to use techniques such as culture of shoot tips for cleaning and subsequent clonal propagation in a system that maintains the quality of plant propagation material such as hydroponics. However, it is known that tissue culture induced genetic variability in micropropagated material. Changes collectively termed somaclonal variation. As a result, strategies are needed to control and monitor this phenomenon in potato cultivars due to the possibility of loss of genetic traits for which have been improved. Given the above, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro behavior of ramets, evaluate characteristics of the tubers produced hydroponically, evaluate the phenotypic stability of ramets from tissue culture through 26 minimum description of potato compare the phenotypic stability of ramets of each cultivar according to the degree of differentiation of the explants that originated ramets, indicating potential minimum descriptors to monitor the phenotypic stability, to analyze the variability over the subcultures of the growing season and the field through microsatellite markers from potato cultivar Asterix and Atlantic. The results showed that ramets both of Asterix as Atlantic differ on in vitro behavior for the variables. There is variability in characteristics of tuber-seed in the ramets of potato cultivars Atlantic and Asterix, from the cultivation of basic generation zero (G0) in a closed hydroponic system. Ramets of Asterix have a different behavior of ramets Atlantic in relation to minimum descriptors. There is great variability and intraclonal divergence in relation to the phenotypic varieties in minimum descriptors in ramets of Asterix and Atlantic. The degree of differentiation of explants that form these ramets has no effect on the phenotypic stability of Asterix and Atlantic. Growth habit and pigmentation of the main stem descriptors can be useful in monitoring the genetic purity of Asterix. Growth habit, vegetative and Tuber shape have potential use in monitoring the intraclonal variability in Atlantic. The potato cultivars Asterix and Atlantic show high variability in intraclonal microsatellite markers. The pattern of instability in molecular phenotypes is different among potato cultivars Asterix and Atlantic. Ramets regenerated from shoot tip derived and indirect organogenesis are also unstable. The subculture time, alone, seems to have no effect on the incidence of somaclonal variation in potato cultivar Asterix and Atlantic.
A batata (Solanum tuberosum L.) ocupa o quarto lugar em nível mundial em produção, sendo superada apenas pelo trigo, arroz e milho. A cultura da batata é propagada de forma vegetativa e, devido à suscetibilidade a doenças, é imprescindível o emprego da cultura de ápices caulinares para efetuar limpeza clonal e, na sequência, da micropropagação das partes aéreas para a obtenção de mudas livres de patógenos para satisfazer a demanda dos agricultores. Entretanto, a cultura de tecidos pode induzir variabilidade genética no material micropropagado, a qual é denominada variação somaclonal. Face ao exposto, o objetivo geral do presente estudo consistiu na análise da variação somaclonal nas cultivares de batata Asterix e Atlantic, com o intuito de contribuir para uma melhor compreensão e, também, para o desenvolvimento de estratégias direcionadas ao controle e monitoramento desse fenômeno, e, simultaneamente, para a obtenção de variantes de utilidade para programas de melhoramento genético. Com esta finalidade, as diferentes etapas do sistema de produção de batata-semente foram avaliadas por descritores morfológicos, morfoagronômicos e marcadores microssatélites. Os resultados revelaram que os rametes de Asterix e Atlantic apresentam extensiva variabilidade intraclonal, observando-se padrões diferenciados nas duas cultivares em resposta às fontes de variação estudadas. Há variabilidade intraclonal na estabilidade fenotípica in vitro e em características de tubérculo-semente nos rametes das cultivares de batata Atlantic e Asterix, provenientes do cultivo de plantas básicas da geração inicial (G0) em sistema hidropônico. Plantas e tubérculos de primeira geração clonal apresentam grande variabilidade intraclonal e divergência em relação ao padrão fenotípico das cultivares nos descritores mínimos nos rametes de Asterix e Atlantic. O grau de diferenciação dos explantes que originam os rametes não tem efeito na estabilidade fenotípica de Asterix e Atlantic. Os rametes das duas cultivares apresentam elevada variabilidade genética intraclonal em marcadores microssatélites. O padrão de instabilidade nos fenótipos moleculares é diferenciado em Asterix e Atlantic. Rametes regenerados a partir de ápices caulinares e derivados de organogênese indireta são igualmente instáveis em nível molecular. O tempo de subcultivo pode ser usado como ferramenta de controle da variação somaclonal nas cultivares de batata Asterix e Atlantic, pela análise dos fenótipos moleculares.
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Yuan-Long, Wang, and 王源龍. "Cryopreservation of In Vitro-Grown Shoot Tips of Papaya (Carica papaya L.), and Effects of Different Pretreatments on Injuries of Shoot Tips." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72406544635600388184.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
生命科學系
92
Abstract Shoot tips from in vitro-grown plantlets of papaya （Carica papaya L.） were successfully cryopreserved using the methods of desiccation and vitrification. Shoot tips were dissected from 4 to 6-week-old plantlets. In desiccation, plantlets were preculture on MS medium containing 0.5M sucrose, then shoot tips were firstly dehydrated with dry silica gel, and placed into 2 ml cryo-tubes and plunged into liquid nitrogen immediately. In vitrification, shoot tips were loaded in a 2 ml cryo-tube with a solution of 2 M glycerol and 0.4 M sucrose at 25℃ for 20 min, then dehydrated with 1 ml pre-cooled vitrification solution at 4℃ for 60 min, prior to immersing into liquid nitrogen for at least one week. The maximal recovery rate of shoot tips by desiccation is around 38%. However, by means of vitrification, the recovery rate can be increased to over 68%. Successfully cryopreservated shoot tips can, after being warmed, resume growth within 7 days and develop shoots directly without intermediate callus formation. The result showed that shoot tips between 0.8-1.2 mm are the ideal size for vitrification. Also, prolonged storage duration in liquid nitrogen (up to 2 years) did not affect the regeneration rate. The recovery percentages of six cultivars’ shoot tips after vitrification were between 48% to 93%, depending on the cultivars. This study had successfully developed a simple and effective protocol for cryopreservation of papaya shoot tips. The results of TTC test and structure of papaya shoot tips observation showed that, apical meristem has an important effects to the recovery percentages of papaya after dehydration and cryopreserved. The results of this study demonstrated that the damage effect of vitrification solution can be minimized by lowering working temperature from room temperature to 4℃. In addition, applying a loading solution pretreatment has also been proven useful in reducing harm effects during dehydration process.
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Chu, Hsiu-Wen, and 朱秀雯. "Studies on difference of shoot tips cultured in vitro in pear cultivars." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13408086808179643089.
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碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
83
This study is conducted to investigate the morphology of the apical meristems of six sinensis pears, twenty-five sand pears, two pears, four Taiwan native pears and one hybrid pear. The observation showed that the apical meristems of sinensis pears, China sand pears, pears and evergreen pear were smaller, NiauliA and hibrid pear were bigger. The higher survival percentage were achieved when shoot tip explants of China sand pears, Taiwan native pears and hybrid pear which cultured on the paper bridge medium with 1/2MS containing 1 mg/l BA, 0.5 mg/ l kinetin, 0.2 mg/l IBA and 4 mg/l adenine sulfate for 30 days. A smaller average size of bud were observed in sinensis pears, pears and hybrid pears than other varieties. Additionally, shoot tip explants was found to be the lowest in the average fresh weight in sinensis pears. In the case of shoot proliferation, the multiplication rate of the evergreen pear was the highest among all, followed by NiauliA, NiauliB, NiauliC, hybrid pear, sand pears, and pears is the lowest. Sinensis and some Japanese sand pears could increase the shoot multiplication by using double-phase medium culture. Axillary shoots proliferation was increased when China sand pear explants were cultured on MS with 0-0.1 mg/l of kinetin, although 1-2 mg/l kinetin favored multiplication of explants for Japanese sand pears. Minimal shoot elongation in vitro of pear varieties, which cultured on MS with 0.5-2 mg/l GA were obtained enchancment of shoot elongation. In rooting culture, the bases of the microshoot were dipped in 200 ppm IBA solution by 24 hours resulted in better rooting rate. In the case of poor rooting, shoots were placed on a 1/2MS medium with 2 mg/l NAA and incubated in darkness for 6 days, the propagules transplanted to an auxin-free 1/2MS medium increased rooting rate after 24 days.
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Ju, Lih-Shuwn, and 朱麗淑. "Survival of cryopreserved shoot tips of papaya (Carica papaya L.) exposed to various pretreatments." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16119697900579730465.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
植物學系
85
Abstract This study used tissue cultured plantlets of papaya ( Carica papaya L. cv. Tainung No2. ) as materials for investigation. The main purpose is to investigate the survival ratio of the shoot tips under various pretreatments after cryopreservation. To understand the degree of damage to the overall physiology performance of papaya, MDA production of shoot tips wasmeasured to indicate the effect of cryopreservation on cell membrane, as well as the photosynthetic rate of the leaves. Survival of cryopreserved shoot tips of papaya did not increase when tissue cultured papayas was pretreated with ABA ( 100mm abscisic acid ) and different low temperatures treatment ( 20℃、15℃、10℃ ). After plantlets were grown in hardening media supplemented with 0.5 M sucrose for a week, the shoot tips were excised, dehydrated for 20 mins, transferred to cryotubes and plunged directly into liquid nitrogen for storage. After 24 hr, frozen shoot tips were thawed at 40℃for 1 min and then transferred to regrowth media. The survival of shoot tips was up to 60%. In another experiment, tissue cultured plantlets were grown in standard hardening media for a week, the shoot tips were excised, dehydrated for 40 mins, treated with different cryoprotectants by shaking for 1 hr, transferred to cryotubes and cooled at 1℃per minute to -40℃, and then plunged into liquid nitrogen. After 24hr, frozen shoot tips were thawed at 40℃for 1min and then transferred to regrowth media. The survival of shoot tips was up to 77.8%. The damage of membrane in shoot tips was measured as MDA production from various procedures of cryopreservation. Application of cryoprotectants increased the amounts of MDA synthesized,which is higher than other treatments. These results suggest that cryoprotectants have positive effect on lipid peroxidation of cell membrane. Moreover, sucrose was the most effective one among those cryoprotectants. As the results show, the concentration of sucrose used in this experiment may be too high for papaya shoot tips, therefore it caused osmotic stress, resulting in lipid peroxidation of cell membrane. The effects of various cryoprotectants on leaf photosynthetic rates were also measured. Photosynthetic rates decreased with increasing the concentrations of ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerol. However, certain ranges of sorbitol, polyethylenglycol, sucrose and proline caused increased photosynthetic rates. Here we concluded that selecting of suitable compositions and concentrations of cryoprotectants is a major factor for cryopreserving papaya shoot tips.
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Santika, Putri, and 山蒂卡. "Study on the In Vitro Propagation and Encapsulation of Triploid Watermelon ‘新一號’ Shoot Tips." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4m433w.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
熱帶農業暨國際合作系
105
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is one of the most widely cultivated crops in the world for its fruit consumption. Excessive seed numbers in watermelon fruit, however, is fast becoming undesirable in the markets and has given rise to the popularity of seedless or triploid watermelon variety in the past several years. Nevertheless, the seed production of triploid watermelon has some difficulties, such as time consuming, laborious and poor seed germination rate. Synseeds, which are the analogues of true seeds, make a promising alternative for the propagation of triploid watermelon. This study aims at producing synseeds of triploid watermelon ‘新一號’ using shoot tips as the propagules, and examining different sowing substrates and medium formulations for synseed germination and growth under both in vitro and ex vitro conditions. The study included seed pre-treatment for germination, seed sterilization, shoot proliferation, synseed production and synseed sowing using different substrates, medium formulations and propagules, in in vitro andex vitro conditions. It was observed that the best pre-treatment for triploid watermelon ‘新一號’ germination is seed coat detachment. As for seed sterilization, 0.75% sodium hypoclorite (NaOCl) immersed for 10 min had the highest normal seedling percentage with 0% contamination. Shoot proliferation using seedling shoot tip explants produced the highest number of shoot per explant with the supplementation of 1 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) in the multiplication medium. Although root development was delayed by the presence of BA in the medium, BA addition did not affect acclimatization survival of the proliferated shoot tips. Synseeds were produced using shoot tips from aseptically germinated seedlings and BA-multiplicated explants, both having comparable performance. In synseed sowing in vitro, different substrates, as well as indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) addition, influenced the performance of synseed. Agar was observed to show superiority among other substrates tested. However, the study demonstrated the possibility of using vermiculite as alternative medium sowing susbtrate to agar. The addition of IBA in both gelling matrix and sowing medium, in general, gave positive effects on rooting rate, root number conversion and acclimatization success of triploid watermelon ‘新一號’ synseed. On the other hand, Hyponex medium, as well as sucrose-free medium failed to produce normal growth intriploid watermelon ‘新一號’ synseed which resulted in 0% conversion. Plant preservative mixture (PPM) at 0.5% was a better microbial agent than 100 mg/L mancozeb for synseed sowing ex vitro, as it achieved 0% contamination and maintained the synseeds growing potential with 65% rupture, 85% survival and 10% rooting rate after 28 days of culture. The production and growth of triploid watermelon synseed made using shoot tip propagules was achieved. Although it might not be applicable yet in the industry, advanced studies regarding antimicrobial agents and medium formulations for sowing ex vitro, as well as storage potential may further increase the applicability of the system in the future.
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Chiang, Hui-Chih, and 江徽之. "Investigation on the Protocol for Cryopreservation by Vitrification of Shoot Tips of Phalaenopsis aphrodite subsp. formosana." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38962042467120003221.
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Kaczmarczyk, Anja [Verfasser]. "Physiological, biochemical, histological and ultrastructural aspects of cryopreservation in meristematic tissue of potato shoot tips / von Anja Kaczmarczyk." 2008. http://d-nb.info/994847491/34.
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Ramsey, Susan A. "ABA concentration in shoot tips of Amelanchier ainifolia during the growing season and in relation to micropropagated plantlets." 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/12168.
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Su, Shang-Chieh, and 蘇上傑. "Investigation on the Protocol for Cryopreservation by Vitrification of Shoot Tips of Taiwan Native Medicinal Herb Limnophila aromaticoides Yang & Yen." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42487545262321339083.
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碩士國立中興大學
生命科學系所
101
Limnophila aromaticoides Yang & Yen, a Taiwan native medicinal herb that in vitro-grown was used as experimental material in this study. Excised shoot tips were cryopreserved by vitrification, and investigated for the effect of pretreatment of different precultures with sucrose medium and cryoprotectant duration on survival rate. And then investigate the effect of different precultures on the physiology of bud by physiological analysis. The goal of this study is to find out the most optimal protocols for cryopreservation by vitrification of shoot tips of Limnophila aromaticoides Yang & Yen. 1-2 mm shoot tips excised from 2-3 weeks old plants were precultured, and then treated with different duration of PVS2, LS solution and precultures. The results demonstrated that the shoot tips precultured on 0.3 M sucrose medium for 7 days, treated with LS solution for 90 minutes at 25℃ and dehydrated with PVS2 for 120 minutes at 0℃ under shade for long-term storage. Buds rewarmed rapidly and plated on petri dishes containing 1/2MS medium, supplemented with BA 0.1mg L-1 and NAA 0.01 mg L-1. The survival ratio in this protocol could achieve 86.7%. Physiology analysis revealed that the preculture treatment of Limnophila aromaticoides Yang & Yen decreased relatively water content, water potential and osmotic potential, and increased the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein of shoot tips. The result indicated that the plantlets of Limnophila aromaticoides Yang & Yen regulated the physiology state of buds with osmotic adjustment during the preculture, which increased the ability tolerate the dehydration and freezing, thus enhanced the survival rate.
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Chen, Kuan-Fu, and 陳冠輔. "Investigation on Protocols of Cryopreservation in Shoot Tips of Cymbidium goeringii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. and Phalaenopsis and Pollen of Momordica charantia L. ‘F-948’." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2a39jc.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
生命科學系所
102
This study used in vitro grown of Cymbidium goeringii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. and Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’ and pollen of Momordica charantia L. ‘F-948’ three kind of material for cryopreservation. Explant different, the appropriate cryopreservation methods will not be the same. Cymbidium goeringii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. and Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’shoot tips were cryopreserved by vitrification. Furthermore, the shoot tips were explored for the effect of preculture and cryprotectant and analyzed for physiological state after preculture treatments. Otherwise, pollen of Momordica charantia L. ‘F-948’ was cryopreseved by desiccation dehydration approach and explored the relationship among water content, in vitro and in vivo germination test. Plantlets of Cymbidium goeringii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. were cultured on liquid proliferation medium for 3 month, transplanted to 0.2 M sucrose medium for 60 days, excised 2 - 2.5mm shoot tips, treated with LS for 60 min and dehydrated with PVS2 for 180 min. The survival rate could reach to 62.5 - 83.3%. Plantlets of Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’ were cultured on growth medium for 3 month, transplanted to 0.3 M sucrose medium for 5 days, excised 2 - 2.5mm shoot tips, treated with LS for 120 min and dehydrated with PVS2 for 120 min. The survival rate could reach to 79.2 - 91.7%. Physiological analysis of this two material shoot tips shows that preculture decreased realative water content, water potential and osmotic potential, and increased soluble sugar and protein concentration. This result indicated that the physiological state of explants was regulated with osmotic adjustment during preculture treatment, which influenced tolerance of dehydrated and frozen, hence increasing survival rate. The in vitro germination test of Momordica charantia L. ‘F-948’on 10% sucrose B&K medium have best germination rate. Dehydrated the anthers by silica desiccant, lastly immerged into liquid nitrogen. Pollen dehydrated for 120 - 180 min reached the better germination after cryopreservation. The germination rate could reach to 21.4 - 27.9%, at the time, the water content is between 34.7 - 56.2%. The in vivo test were use dehydrated 140 min for pollination. No difference between fruit, seed number, F1 phenotype with control. It means that pollen still can maintain the vitality and fertilizing capacity. This experiment advise the protocol for Cymbidium goeringii (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. and Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’ cryopreservation by vitrification and the favorable water content for pollen cryopreservation of Momordica charantia L. ‘F-948’ by desiccation dehydration. It can be served as a reference for germplasm conservation by cryopreservation.
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Yu, Tsong-An, and 余聰安. "Studies on Shoot Tip Culture of Passionfruit in Vitro." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10041718142442359331.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
81
The effects of cultural media and methods on the survival rate of shoot tips of Passiflora edulis in vitro were studied. And the mass multiplication technique and procedure were esta- blished. Shoot tips were harvested about 3 cm in length from actively potted-grown plants in spring and shoots apices were excised 0.2-0.3 mm for intial culture. The survival rate reached 100% when shoot apices cultured on the paper bridge medium with 1/2 strenth of Murashige and Skoog (MS) containing 0.02mg/lindol-3 -butyric acid (IBA), 0.2 mg/l 6-benzyl-adenin (BA), 0.5 mg/l gibberillin acid (GA) and 30 g/l sucrose for 30 days, and then these explants were transfered to the same component solid mediun (added 10g/l agar) for 2-3 subcultures in order to for- mate lateral buds. Multiple shoots were induced by 1/2MS medium with 0.05 mg/l IBA, 0.1 mg/l IBA and 0.5 mg/l GA. Each subculture could be harvested 4.3 multipliable shoots (5mm) within 30 days. These shoots were transferred to elongation medium with 1/2MS con- taining 0.1 mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l GA, it could be harvested shoots of 1.7 cm in length after 30 days. They were the better explants for roots inducing. Shoot-cutting (1 cm) were treated with 2000ppm IBA. The cut- ting material was the mixture of vermiculite, perlite and peatmoss. The cutttings could be obtained 100% root rate after 30 days. The rooted Plantlets were transplanted to pots and then gradually acclimatized in the plant growth chamber, the plantlets became healthy and developed vigorous roots, the healthy young plants could be obtained.
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CHEN, LI-JING, and 陳麗晶. "Shoot tip culture and vegetative propagation of eucommia ulmoides oliver." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26894203228542466538.
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YU, HAO-RAN, and 余浩然. "Studies on shoot tip culture of wax apple in vitro." Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11161114576708410570.
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Tsai, Pei-Chun, and 蔡佩君. "Studies on shoot tip culture of Macadamia(Macadamia ntergrifolia) in Vitro." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66333013492633871722.
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TsaiHuang, Min, and 蔡黃敏. "Studies on Shoot tip Culture of Atemoya and Cherimoya in Vitro." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34423918442123958253.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
86
SummaryShoot tip culture of the atemoya and cherimoya in vitro were carried out in this study, optimal micropropagation conditions for culture establishment, shoot proliferation and shoot rooting were investigated.Shoot tips were harvested about 5cm in length from actively field grown tree and shoot apices were excised 0.2-0.3 mm for initial culture. The best growth of atemoya was achieved when shoot tip cultured on solid medium with Woody Plant Medium containing 1mg/l BA and o.1mg/l kinetin ,but 0.3mg/l zeatin was used in cherimoya for 30 days.These explants transfered to the same component solid medium for further growth.Multiple shoots of atemoya was induced by WPM mediun containing 2mg/l BA and 0.5mg/l NAA for 30 days, but 0.5mg/l was used in cherimoya for 40 days. For elongation of these shoots, WPM medium supple-mented with 0.1mg/l BA and 0.05mg/l kinetin gave a good response.While in cherimoya, the elongation phase was not required. For the rooting, when 20mm shoots placed on liquid 1/2MS medium with 50mg/l IBA for 3 days in the dark followed by 13 days light, and then transferred to 1/2MS medium plus 0.25﹪activated charcoal, solid with 0.8﹪ agar, the rooting percentage was not satisfied.
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Saelew, Naphaphorn, and 林玉洁. "Studies on Initial Shoot Tip Culture of Guava (Psidium guajava L.)." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85438063051943169630.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系所
97
This study conducted to study the effects of pre-treatment, medium and plant growth regulators on shoot tips culture of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cvs. Jen-Ju, Li-Tzy, Pakistani, Shyh-Jii, and Huang. Shoot tips about 2 cm in length were harvested in different season and were treated with 100 mg/l ascorbic acid and 150 mg/l citric acid for 20 minutes before disinfection, followed by surface sterilized with immersion in a solution of 1% sodium hypochloride for 10 minutes. Shoot apexes with 2 leaf primordia in 0.2-0.3 mm length were excised under microscope and cultured in different media. It was found that the survival percentage of pre-treated explants was higher than non-pretreated. All of the cultivars cultured on the filter paper bridge liquid medium had higher survival percentage than on solid medium. Moreover, the survival percentage of medium supplemented with antioxidants, 100 mg/l ascorbic acid and 150 mg/l citric acid, was higher than the medium without antioxidants. Incubating explants under darkness condition for 15 days before moved to lightness condition increased survival percentage and fresh weight. Survival percentage and fresh weight were higher in treatments of using spring and autumn shoots than summer shoots. In autumn season, optimum medium for initial culture was medium containing 0.1 mg/l IBA and 1 mg/l BA. In spring season, optimum medium for initial culture was medium containing 0.1 mg/l IBA and 1 or 2 mg/l BA.
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Lee, Ming-Yun, and 李敏芸. "Studies on Shoot Tip Culture of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) in Vitro." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82338621093388754553.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
82
The media and methods affecting the growth in vitro of cultivars for guava, ''Erse-Xizi-Pa'' and ''Tai-Guo-Pa''were studied to establish a micropropagation system for local guava cultivars in Taiwan. Shoot tips were harvested about 5 cm in length from actively grown plants and shoot apices were excised about 0.5mm height for initial culture. The best growth were achieved when shoot apices cultured on the paper bridge medium with 1/2 strength of Murashige and Skoog(MS) containing 0.1mg/l IBA、0.5mg/l BA and 30g/l surcrose for 30 days, and these explants were transfered to the same component solid medium (added 7g/l agar) for further growth. The result showed that these explants had a lag period about 5 months for initial culture into the proliferation stage. The shoots were transfered to rooting medium when they grew above 1 cm in height, the medium for rooting was 1/2MS with 0.2mg/l IBA、0.2 mg/l NAA、15g/l sucrose、1g/l active charcoal and 7g/l agar, but the rooting percentage was not satisfied. Additionally, the survival rate of the initial culture for other cultivars was the highest in ''Chung-San- Yen-Pa'' and ''Mi-Pa'' varieties, the intermediate in ''Li-Zai -Pa'', the lowermost in ''Hong-Pa'' and ''Pai-Pa''.
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Wamg, Chu-Jung, and 王珠容. "Studies on Shoot Tip Culture of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) in Vitro." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71261071876270064448.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
87
Shoot tip culture of the loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.)was studied, the optimal micropropagation condieions for culture establishment,shoot proliferation and shoot rooting were investigated. Shoot tip were harvested about 5cm in length from summer shoots and shoot apices excised 0.5mm for initial culture.The best grown was achieved when shoot apices cultured on solid medium with 1/2 strength of Mrashige and Skoog (MS) containing BA 1 mg/l,sucrose 30 g/l and agar 7 g/l for 30 days.These explants were transferred to the same component solid medium for further growth. Multiple shoot were induced by MS medium containing BA 4 mg/l, sucrose 30 g/l and agar 8 g/l for 30 days.For elongation of these young shoots,MS medium supplemented with BA 2 mg/l,sucrose 10 g/l and agar 8 g/l or surcose 30 g/l and agar 8 g/l plus kinetin 0.5 mg/l gave a good response. For rooting, the shots grew above 20 mm in hight , were placed on 1/2 MS medium with IBA 10 mg/l , surcose 20 g/l and agar 8 g/l and incubated in darkness for 7 days , then transplanted to an auxin-free 1/2 MS medium for 23 days.
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蔡安妮. "The shoot tip culture, organ formation and embryogenesis of zizania latifolia turcz." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07450306397835791942.
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Lo, Hui－Peen, and 羅惠萍. "Studies on Shoot Tip Culture of Ceylon Olive (Elaeocarpus serratus L.）in Vitro." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23210262057841237884.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
88
A study of in vitro shoot tip culture of Ceylon olive (Elaeocarpus Serratus L.) was carried out to develop an optimal micropropagation system. Shoot tips about 5cm in length from vigorous field grown trees were harvested and shoot apex culture was achieved by employing a paper bridge liquid medium containing 1/2MS, 2mg/l kinetin and 30g/l sucrose. Explants were inbubated in darkness for 1 day, followed by in lightness for 29 days. Survived apices were transferred to a solid agar medium containg the same components for further growth. Multiple shoots were induced by culturing explants in a 1/2MS medium containing 1mg/l BA, 30g/l sucrose and 8g/l agar for 30days. For elongation of these young shoots, 1/2MS medium supplemented with 0.5mg/l zeatin, 30g/l sucrose and 8g/l agar gave a good result. For rooting,the shoots, above 25mm in height, were cultured in darkness in 1/2MS medium containing 1mg/l NAA, 162mg/l PG, 20g/l sucrose and 7g/l agar for 7 days, followed by in lightness in an Agripot containing a mixture medium of perlite and vermiculite for 53 days.
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Chao, Yu-Chen, and 趙玉真. "Shoot Tip Culture and Somatic Embryogenesis of Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch)." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93306638802312805144.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
88
Summary For establishing breeding parents, four cultivars of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima)‘Nobel Star’, ‘Picacho’, ‘Red Splendor’ and ‘Pepride’ were eliminated the phytoplasmas from plant through shoot tip culture and somatic embryogenesis. Meristem was cultured on a filter-paper bridge. The best shoot growth was cultured on a full strength MS basal medium containing 0, 2 or 4 mg/l IAA in combination with 0.2 or 0.4 mg/l BA. Shoot explants cultured on a double-phase medium proliferated more multiple shoots than that cultured on a solid-phase medium. After subculture, high shoot proliferation rate was found on a medium containing 2 or 4 mg/l IAA in combination with 0.2 mg/l BA. Medium containing riboflavin inhibited callus formation effectively from base of the shoots. After 10 days root formation from shoots cultured on medium without NAA treatment in vitro culture, while the callus formation was observed on base of the shoots cultured on medium containing NAA. On the other hand, the best secondary root formation was found on cuttings treated with 1000 mg/l IBA. Calli were induced from leaf, petiole and stem explants. The most of calli induced from explants cultured on a full strength MS medium containing 0.4 or 0.8 mg/l 2,4-D. It was also found that a medium containing 0.2 or 0.4 mg/l BA developed more friable calli. Among explants, stem had the strongest response for callus formation. However, ‘Pepride’ was the one of had the least response. Petiole-derived calli cultured on medium with higher BA concentration proliferated more calli and somatic embryos along with better shoot development, especially on ‘Picacho’. Stem-derived calli cultured on medium with 0.2 mg/l BA or 0.1mg/l kinetin combined with 0.2 mg/l NAA increasing somatic embryo formation and plantlet regeneration. For establishing the suspension culture, calli cultured on the full strength MS basal medium containing 0.2 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.2 mg/l BA had the highest volumes of embryogenic cells, and the media containing either 0.2, 1 mg/l BA and 0.2 mg/l 2,4-D had the highest volumes of proembryogenic granules. Embryogenic cells are small and roundish, with large nuclei and dense cytoplasmic contents. It appeared fluorescent after stained with acetocarmine. Nonembryogenic cells are big and oblong, with small nuclei and big vacuoles and no fluorescent was observed after stained. The L-proline and ABA treatment improved the maturation of somatic embryos. In the liquid medium, embryos usually reach the globular and the heart-shaped stage but no further development was found. The embryos dedifferentiated into callus when they were cultured over a long period of time in the same medium. The secondary somatic embryo formation and shoot development was observed after plating the somatic embryos. Plants developed from somatic embryos were restricted-branching. There were 56 plants with light red petioles, 38 plants with red petioles and only 1 plant with green petioles among the somatic embryo-derived plantlets of ‘Nobel Star’.
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Yeh, Ju-Yu, and 葉如毓. "Studies on Shoot tip Culture of Indian Jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.) in Vitro." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17854129810533363750.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
87
Shoot tip culture of the Kaung Laang No.1 Indian jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.) was studied, optimal micropropagation, shoot rooting and acclimatization were investigated. Shoot tip were harvested about 5 cm in lengh from actively field grown trees and shoot apices were excised 0.5 mm for intital culture. The best grown were achieved when shoot apices culture on solid medium with 1/2 MS strength of Murashige and Skoog (MS) cotaining BA 0.1 mg/l and IBA 0.5 mg/l , sucrose 30 g/l and agar 8g/l and inbubated in darkness for 1 days, then incubated in lightness for 29 days. These explants were transferred to the same component solid medium for futher growth . Multiple shoots were induced by 1/2 MS mediun cotaining sucrose 30 g/l and agar 8 g/l plus kinetin 0.05 mg/l and IBA 0.05 mg/l for 30 days. For rooting, the shoots grew above 10 mm in height, were placed on 1/2 MS medium IBA 2.5 mg/l, sucrose 30 g/l and agar 6 g/l and incubated in darkness for 7days, then transplanted to an auxin-free 1/2 MS medium for 23 days. Rooted plantltes were gradually acclimatized during two weels, and planted in plastic baskets filled with peatmoss and perlite. The plantets became healthy and developed vigorus roots after five months.
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Tran, Thi-Thuy-Anh, and 陳翠英. "Studies on Shoot Tip Culture of Oval Kumquat (Fortunella margarita Swingle) in Vitro." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99462430928513195204.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系所
95
Shoot tip culture of oval kumquat (Fortunella margarita Swingle) was studied and the optimal micropropagation conditions for establishment, shoot multiplication and rooting in vitro were investigated. Shoot tips about 1 cm in length were harvested, shoot apices in 0.5 mm length with 4 leaf primordial were excised under microscope and cultured on MS solid medium containing 30 g/l sucrose, 8 g/l agar for the highest survival percentage in initial culture. Survived explants were transferred to MS solid medium containing 30 g/l sucrose, 8 g/l agar adding 0.1 mg/l BA, 0.01 mg/l IBA and 0.1 mg/l kinetin for further growth. Multiple shoots were induced by MS solid medium containing 30 g/l sucrose, 8 g/l agar adding 1 mg/l BA and 0.1 mg/l IBA. For rooting, the shoots grew more than 10 mm in length, were cultured in darkness pretreatment on MS solid medium with 5 mg/l NAA, 30g/l sucrose, and 8 g/l agar for one week and then transplanted to MS solid medium without auxin for 5 weeks
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Lin, Tsz-Yu, and 林慈玉. "Studies on initial shoot tip culture of carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) in vitro." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18313487492267073134.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
90
Summary This study is conducted to investigate the morphology of the shoot tip of `B8',`Erh-Lin´,` Chun-Choi´,`Tai-nung No.1´ and `Sour´ carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.). The optimum culture methods in vitro for each culitivar were examined in order to establish mass propagation scheme for them. The observation showed that the apical meristems of `Erh-lin´ and `Chun-Choi´ were bigger, followed by `Tai-nung No.1´ and `Sour´ carambola, and `B8´ was smaller. Quantity of trichome of`Erh-lin' and `Chun-Choi´ were the most, followed by `Tai-Nung No.1´ and `Sour´ carambola, and `B8´ was smaller. The trichome were yellow-green and not any particular difference in the color among culitivars. All of the culitivars cultured in medium with filter paper bridge resulted in better survival percentage with better bud growth. Optimum salt concentration was different for each cultivar, the optimal salt concentration for shoot tip growth were 1/2MS for `B8´, 1/8MS for `Erh-Lin´ and `Chun-Choi´, 1/4MS for `Tai-Nung No.1´ and `Sour´ carambola. Various plant growth regulators were used at different concentration to promote the development of the shoot tip, optimum cytokinin and auxin concentration was different for each cultivar. Optimum cytokinin concentration were 0.1mg/l for BA. Kinetin, zeatin and 2ip was the least effective. Optimum NAA and IBA concentration were obtained between 0.01~0.02mg/l and 0.02~0.05mg/l, respectively. In interactive cytokinin and auxin experiment, explants of `B8´ in 1/2MS medium supplemented with IBA 0.02 mg/l and BA 0.1mg/l grew better. `Erh-Lin´, ` Tai-Nung No.1´ and `Sour´ carambola added BA 0.5、0.1and 4mg/l respectively to each optimum salt concentration contains 0.05 mg/l NAA medium grew better. The generally growth of camambola was achieved when shoot tip cultured on filter paper bridge medium with 1/4 strength of MS contaning sucrose 30g/l and BA 0.1mg/l of cytokinin. Auxin concentration were IBA for `B8´ and NAA for other culitivars.
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Liu, Wei-Feng, and 劉維豐. "Investigation on Protocols of Cryopreservation in Shoot Tip and Domestication of Ginkgo biloba L." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94841806398794921781.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
生命科學系所
103
This study is on cryopreservation of micropropagating of Ginkgo biloba L. by vitrification and air-drying the shoot tips. This thesis investigates the treatment of different preculture condition, cryoprotectants, and drying for survival after cryopreservation and treatment different regulators concentration for rooting. Ginkgo biloba L. was cultured on the proliferation medium for 8 to 12 weeks. The air-drying protocol was treated with 0.5M sucrose medium for 7 days, excise 1-2 mm buds put in glass jar and dehydrated by silica desiccation with 30 gram. After preservation in LN for 7 days and rewarm treatment, buds were recovered by transferred to WPM medium supplemented with BA 1 mg L-1 and IBA 0.1 mg L-1 for 4 weeks. The best survival rate could reach 43.3%. The vitrification protocol was treated with 0.3M sucrose mediums for 7 days, excise 1-2 mm buds, loaded to LS 60 minute at room temperature, dehydrated to PVS2 120 minute at 0℃. After preservation in LN for 7 days and rewarm treatment, buds were recovered by transferred to WPM medium supplemented with BA 1 mg L-1 and IBA 0.1 mg L-1 for 4 weeks. But the best survival rate only 23.5%. Therefore, air-drying method is more suitable for the cryopreservation in shoot tip of Ginkgo biloba L. In the rooting experiment, Ginkgo biloba L. was cultured on the proliferation medium for 8 to 12 weeks. The plants treated with 1/2WPM medium supplemented with IBA 1 mg L-1 and START 1 mL L-1 2weeks. Then put in 1/2WPM medium supplemented with START 1 mL L-1. The best rooting rate could reach 76.7%. In domesticated test, the Ginkgo biloba L. with root into pot with peat moss, covered with transparent plastic bag 4 weeks. The best domesticated rate reach 100%, but Ginkgo biloba L. were dormant.
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Hwang, Hui-May, and 黃慧美. "Studies on Shoot Tip Culture of Wutai Persimmon (Diospyros japonica Sieb. et Zucc.) in Vitro." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83723184428258281580.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系
85
Shoot tip culture of the Wutai persimmon (Diospyros japonica Sieb. et Zucc.)was studied, optimal micropropagation conditions for culture establishment, sh-oot proliferation, shoot rooting and acclimatization were investigated. Shoottips were harvested about 5cm in length from actively field grown trees and sh-oot apices were excised 0.2- 0.3 mm for initial culture. The best grown were achieved when shoot apices cultured on solid medium with 1/2 strength of Mura-shige and Skoog (MS)containing zeatin 1 mg/l,sucrose 30 g/l and agar 7 g/l andincubated in darkness for 1 days, then incubated in lightness for 29 days. Th-ese explants were transfered to the same component solid medium for further gr-owth. Multiple shoots were induced by MS medium cotaining sucrose 30 g/l and agar 7g/l plus BA 5 mg/l, 10 mg/l or 2ip 5 mg/l,10 mg/l or zeatin 1 mg/l for 40 days.By using double-phase medium culture, the multiplication rate of expla-nt could be increased. For rooting, the shoots grew above 20mm in height, we-re placed on 1/2 MS medium with IBA 10 mg/l, sucrose 30 g/l and agar 6 g/l andincubated in darknessfor 7 days, then transplanted to an auxin-free 1/2 MS me-dium for 23 days. Rooted plantlets were gradually acclimatized during two wee-ks, and planted inplastic baskets filled with peatmoss and perlite. The plant-lets became healthy and developed vigorous roots after five months.
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Chen, Chia-Hui, and 陳嘉惠. "Studies on shoot tip culture of Indian jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. cv. Mizao) in vitro." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57254445986218235550.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系所
95
In vitro propagation of Indian jujube (Zizyphus mauritiana Lam.cv. Mizao) was carried out to develop an optimal micropropagation system in this study. Shoot tips about 5cm in length were harvested from active summer shoots and shoot apices ca. 0.5mm were excised under microscope for initial culture. Shoot tip culture was achieved by employing a soild 1/2MS medium. Survived explants were transferred to solid agar medium containing the 1/2MS, 0.22μM BA, 1.25μM IBA, 30g/l sucrose and 8g/l agar for further growth. Multiple shoots were induced by 1/2MS medium containing 30g/l sucrose, 8g/l agar, 1μM BA and 0.5μM IBA for 30days. For rooting, when shoots grew above 10mm in height, were cultured in darkness pretreatment in 1/2MS medium containing 100μM IBA or 25μM NAA for one day or two weeks, respectively, then transplanted to an auxin-free 1/2MS medium for 30days. Rooted plantlets were gradually acclimatized in growth chamber for a span of days. These young plants planted in plastic pots filled with peatmoss and perlite, it became healthy and developed vigorus roots after five months.
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"Determinação da tenacidade ao fraturamento de concretos utilizando corpos de prova do tipo "short-rod"." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 1998. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000132291.
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(11201085), Ronald F. Agyei. "INVESTIGATING DAMAGE IN SHORT FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES." Thesis, 2021.
Find full textAbstract:
In contrast to traditional steel and aluminum, short fiber reinforced polymer composites (SFRCs) provide promising alternatives in material selection for automotive and aerospace applications due to their potential to decrease weight while maintaining excellent mechanical properties. However, uncertainties about the influence of complex microstructures and defects on mechanical response have prevented widespread adoption of material models for
SFRCs. In order to build confidence in models’ predictions requires deepened insight into the heterogenous damage mechanisms. Therefore, this research takes a micro-mechanics standpoint of assessing the damage behavior of SFRCs, particularly micro-void nucleation at the fiber tips, by passing information of microstructural attributes within neighborhoods of incipient damage and non-damage sites, into a framework that establishes correlations between the microstructural information and damage. To achieve this, in-situ x-ray tomography of the gauge sections of two cylindrical injection molded dog-bone specimens, composed of E-glass fibers in a polypropylene matrix, was conducted while the specimens were monotonically loaded until failure. This was followed by (i) the development of microstructural characterization frameworks for segmenting fiber and porosity features in 3D images, (ii) the development of a digital volume correlation informed damage detection framework that confines search spaces of potential damage sites, and (iii) the use of a Gaussian process classification framework to explore the dependency of micro-void nucleation on neighboring microstructural defects by ranking each of their contributions. Specifically, the analysis considered microstructural metrics related to the closest fiber, the closest pore, and the local stiffness, and the results demonstrated that less stiff resin rich areas were more relevant for micro-void nucleation than clustered fiber tips, T-intersections of fibers, or varying porosity volumes. This analysis provides a ranking of microstructural metrics that induce microvoid nucleation, which can be helpful for modelers to validate their predictions on proclivity of damage initiation in the presence of wide distributions of microstructural features and
manufacturing defects.
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廖萬正. "Studies on shoot tip culture of hengshan (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) and niauli (Pyrus kawakamii Hay) pears in vitro." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51497519013993818014.
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Chao-YinKuo and 郭朝絪. "Fabrication of one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures with short tip-to-tip space and its applications on field emitters and gas detectors." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38594938007018020955.
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廖欣怡. "The rhizogenesis in shoot tip culture and the somatic embryogenesis in inflorescence culture of fringe tree (chionanthus retusus lindl)." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84055565547244509384.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
園藝學研究所
90
The native fringe tree （Chionanthus retusus L.）posses graceful tree crown and floral display in late spring make it a valuable ornamental. The mature fringe tree is hard to asexual propagation by conventional cuttings or grafting. The purpose of this research is intending to regenerate plantlets through in vitro culture of shoot and immature inflorescences. Season and growth pattern in shoot tip culture of fringe tree were greatly influenced the survival and rooting capacity. In July, invigorated shoot culture had 68 ﹪survival rate , with serrate leaf (juvenile appearance) achieved 8 ﹪rooting. Mature shoots tip with entire leaf (mature appearance), can’t rooting and only 14 ﹪survived 5 months after culture. Fringe tree invigorated shoot tips culture on the medium with BA、kinetin or 2ip, shoots to be at a standstill and showed a in vitre dormant condition after 3 months of culture, again started to sprout until after 5 months of culture. The dormant shoots can’t sprout on the MS medium supplemented with GA3，but sprout with non-green leaf on the medium supplemented with fluridone 0.1 or 0.5 mg/L. Invigorated shoot tip sprout after dormancy, the sprouted new shoot to take as secondary explant, rooting increased to 20 ﹪following three times of serial microcutting. The plantlets were successfully transferred in pot. The immature inflorescences explants were inoculated on MS and WPM medium supplemented with 2,4-D 1~2 mg/L formed callus 4 weeks after culture. Thereafter, the inflorescence-derived callus were transferred to WPM medium supplemented with 2,4-D 1 mg/L and TDZ 0.5 mg/L, 6.67 ﹪of callus appeared somatic embryogenesis. In further, the embryogenic callus could be induced somatic embryo proliferation and secondary somatic embryogenesis on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 1~2 mg/L, but restricted growth in globular or hearted stage somatic embryos. The advanced development of mature somatic embryos could be approached, and also protruding radical on MS medium added with NAA 0.5 mg/L. The addition of GA3 0.5 mg/L was efficiently to stimulate shooting of the rooted somatic embryo.
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Weaver, Rosalie Mary. "Innovation within the modern short story through the interaction of gender, nationality, and genre, Margaret Atwood's Wilderness tips and Alice Munro's Open secrets." 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/920.
Full textAbstract:
Short stories, Canadian (English)History and criticism
Nouvelles canadiennes-anglaises
Histoire et critique
Through its review of the evolution of the short story and its application of feminist, postmodernist, Reader-response theory, and New Historicism to the recent short-story collections of Margaret Atwood and Alice Munro, this thesis asserts that both late twentieth-century writers are innovators within the short-story genre. Short-story critics' continuous disagreement over definition due to the hybrid nature of the short story is seen as analogous to Canadian women writers' ongoing concerns with issues of identity related specifically to gender and nationality. In Wilderness Tips and Open Secrets, Atwood's and Munro's problematization of gender and national identity correlates with their choice of genre. In their hands, the ensuing interaction of gender, nationality, and genre becomes a transformative force for innovation within the modern short story. Furthermore, Atwood's and Munro's innovations within the modern short story build upon Sandra Zagarell's description of the narrative of community, a genre which flourished in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, was written mostly by women, and focused on "expanding the story of human connection and continuity." Atwood and Munro use the communal narrative strategies of folktale, legend, and gossip, as well as the traditional narrative patterns of the Romance with its masculine concept of idenity, as departure points to the production of internal innovations that energize the short-story genre as it enters a new millenium.
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Wang, Mei-Zhen, and 王美珍. "Strdies on shoot tip culture and saikosaponin A, C, and D content in suspension cells of Bupleurum falcatrm cv.Tainung No. 1." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65681807896814632952.
Full text
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Wang, Meei-Jane, and 王美珍. "Strdies on shoot tip culture and saikosaponin A, C, and D content in suspension cells of Bupleurum falcatrm cv.Tainung No. 1." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50954243269900611634.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
農藝學系
83
1.繁殖柴胡芽體時以 6 週左右繼代一次為宜。 2.BA 和zeatin處理最適合柴胡芽體繁殖及生長，但玻璃質化比例偏高。 3.3% 蔗糖配合 1 ppm NAA 對芽體繁殖最有利，發根率則以 5% 蔗糖配 合 0.5 ppm NAA 最高。 4.移植於蛭石中的組織苗存活率最高 (80%)。 5.誘導癒合組織形成之能力以莖頂與下位莖最強，葉及上位莖最弱。莖頂 來源癒合組織有體胚分化。 6.培養葉片懸浮細胞時， 2,4-D 濃度以 0.5 ppm 最適宜細胞生長。 7.除根來源懸浮細胞外，柴胡皂甘含量隨著培養時間的增長而下降。 8.2 倍 MS 無機鹽類產生的柴胡皂甘 A 及 D 最多，細胞生長最好。柴胡 皂甘 C 以 1 倍 MS 生成較多。 9.NH4+：NO3- = 2：1 時，柴胡皂甘 A 與 D 含量多，柴胡皂甘 C 則以 NH4+：NO3- = 1：2 時含量高。 10.1 mM 磷鹽有助於柴胡皂甘 A、C 與 D 生成。但濃度超過 1 mM 時，細胞生 長較好。 11.以葡萄糖取代蔗糖且濃度提高 (3%)，可使柴胡皂甘 A、C 與 D 產量提升。 12.在培養基中添加 5 與 20 g/l XAD-7 可分別提高柴胡皂甘 C 與 A 含量。
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Chien, Kai Wen, and 簡愷彣. "Elimination of Odontoglossum ringspot and Cymbidium mosaic viruses from Phalaenopsis hybrid "V3" through early selection of shoot-tip induced protocorm-like body line in combination with chemotherapy." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96993341555867752116.
Full textAbstract:
博士朝陽科技大學
應用化學系生化科技碩博士班
102
Phalaenopsis is one of the most popular orchid plants in the global market. Due to its high economic value, a large number of hybrids with attractive combinations of spray length, bud number, flower color, fragrance, seasonality, and compactness have been developed. Several viruses have been reported to negatively impact its growth, yield and quality. Taiwan is one of the leading Phalaenopsis producing countries in the world. Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian “V3”, a hybrid of Phal. Yukimai × Phal. Taisuco Kochdian, characterized by its large and white-colored flowers, is a popular commercial cultivar in the market. However, “V3” hybrids are severely affected by a mix infection of Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV, Tobamovirus), and Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV, Potexvirus). These two viruses adversely affect the growth, vigor and market value of Phalaenopsis. In recent years, Taiwan’s Phalaenopsis industry has significantly suffered from the high virus incidence rate. Therefore, aim of the present study was to investigate and develop an effective protocol to eliminate these critical viruses from Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian “V3” hybrid. Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian “V3” hybrid plants, naturally infected with ORSV and CymMV, and protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) were procured from the Yu-Pin Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Chiayi County, Taiwan. These were used as plant materials to initiate in vitro cultures. The indexing of viruses in the plants and PLBs was carried out by the Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and one-step multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) developed by our laboratory. Three different strategies for an effective virus elimination in Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’ were followed. In the first strategy, shoot-tips obtained from flowering stalk of infected Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’ plants were used as explants for induction of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs). After several experimental trials, the induction of PLBs in shoot-tips was achieved on 1/2x Murashige and Skoog’s basal medium supplemented with 1 % sucrose and 0.9 % Bacto-agar. PLBs could be maintained, proliferated and converted to plantlets on 1 g/L Hyponex medium supplemented with 1 % sucrose, 6 % potato pulp, 0.5 g/L tryptone, 0.25 % activated charcoal and 0.6 % Bacto-agar. Induction of a total 32 protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) in 17/100 (17%) shoot-tips was observed between 60-90 days of culture. All the remaining explants turned brown, became necrotic, failed to grow and subsequently died within 7-14 days. These 32 PLBs were maintained as separate lines and were indexed for ORSV and CymMV viruses by ELISA and RT-PCR techniques. After first subculture, out of 32 PLB lines, 10 were found to be positive for both the viruses. In the second subculture, of the remaining 22 virus-negative lines only 4 of them showed recurrence of the two viruses. Thus, there was a re-occurrence of virus infection in the 1st and 2nd subculture, hence, at least 3 subcultures were necessary to be sure that the cultures are free of viruses. Infected PLBs were discarded. Non-infected PLBs grew into shoots, which induced roots and developed into plantlets in the same culture medium after 90-180 days. In the second strategy, PLBs procured as aseptic cultures from the orchid company were cultured on the Hyponex medium. Of the 100 PLBs cultured, 60 survived on the culture medium and they were then singly separated and cultured. When these 60 PLB lines were indexed by Indirect-ELISA and RT-PCR for ORSV and CymMV infection, 41 lines showed the presence of both viruses. RT-PCR gel electrophoresis also showed the presence of two amplicons representing both the viruses. The remaining 19 PLB lines were all negative in both ELISA and RT-PCR tests, suggesting they were free of virus infection. However, after the following subculturing, 7 of these 19 PLB lines were confirmed to be infected, and only 12 PLB lines were free of virus, indicating a recurrence rate of 36.8 % (7/19). At the 3rd subculture, all the 12 PLBs were free of both the viruses. In both the strategies, we did not find any virus recurrence in PLBs from 3rd subculture onwards and until 7th (the last indexing), indicating that both the viruses have been totally eliminated. In the third strategy, we used chemotherapy or anti-viral drugs to eliminate the two viruses. Several experimental trials were carried out with PLBs to evaluate the effectiveness of Ribavirin, Amantadine, Tamiflu, Berberine, Quercetin, Antrodia cinnamomea, IMPDH inhibitors commonly used in the industry to eliminate the viruses. These drugs were incorpotrated in the culture medium for 2 months. After that PLBs were transferred to medium devoid of these drugs. Out of all the anti-viral drugs, Ribavirin and Amantadine were found to be the most effective chemicals to eliminate the viruses. However, degree of effectiveness on the two viruses varied depending upon the type and concentration of the drug. Ribavirin and Amantadine were more effective when combined together and could eliminate viruses in 45% of PLBs. The plantlets derived from PLBs acclimatized easily in a greenhouse and showed 100% survival rate. All the tissue culture raised Phalaenopsis plants in greenhouse tested negative for the two viruses. Thus, in the present study, we have described an effective and practical in vitro shoot tip culture in combination with virus free PLBs selection and chemotherapy protocol for the production of Phalaenopsis hybrid “V3” plants free of ORSV and CymMV viruses. The results would be of immense help to Phalaenopsis industry in elimination of these critical viruses. Keywords: Phalaenopsis, virus elimination, protocorm-like bodies (PLBs), Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV), Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV), Indirect-ELISA, RT-PCR, Shoot-tip culture.