Journal articles: 'Shoring system'

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Su, Jian, Jieming Li, Lingsheng Tan, and Xiaodan Huang. "Development of the IoT-based Monitoring System for Scaffold Shoring System of Concrete Formwork." MATEC Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 03072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817503072.

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Construction safety monitoring is an important approach to prevent collapse of scaffold shoring system during concrete formwork. In this article, the causes of the collapse of scaffold shoring system are investigated. A monitoring system based on the Internet of Things(IoT) is then proposed, consisting of wireless sensors, wireless monitor, wireless alarm, monitoring cloud platform and mobile client. The monitoring system is then put into practical application and has successfully detected the malfunction of the monitored system, which proves the efficiency and reliability of the monitoring system.

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Go, Cheer Germ, Wen-Pei Sung, and Kuen-Suan Chen. "Design Coefficient for the Wooden Shoring System." Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering 1, no. 1 (March 2002): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.1.1.

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Zheglova, Yu G., and B. P. Titarenko. "METHOD FOR EVALUATING EXCAVATION SHORING DESIGN CONCEPTS." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 47, no. 1 (April 21, 2020): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2020-47-1-86-92.

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Abstract. Aim.When conducting engineering and geological surveys at the conceptual stage of the feasibility study, it is necessary to create an automated system that allows the designer to take all possible factors into account and choose the most optimal design solution for the shoring of excavations.Method. The study is based on dynamic programming methods based on the principle of Bellman optimality. Logical convolution matrices are applied according to the dichotomy method.Results. As a result of the logical convolution of the aggregated criteria of the environmental parameters K12 along with the parameters of the surrounding buildings K34, a comprehensive assessment of the design solution for a foundation shoring fence is obtained such as to ensure the technical characteristics and safety of the development zone. However, a considerable influence on the choice of the design solution for the building envelope is exerted by the cost of its construction. Therefore, the indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the shoring fence considering the economic efficiency of the KOE is obtained by combining the indicator of a comprehensive assessment of the foundation shoring fence KO with the criterion of economic efficiency of the design decision K5.Conclusion. The analysis of methods for solving optimisation problems demonstrates that the method of complex estimates based on the theory of active systems is optimal for the task of evaluating design solutions for foundation shoring fences.

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PENG, JUI-LIN, CHUNG-WEI WU, MING-HSIANG SHIH, and YEONG-BIN YANG. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF LOAD CAPACITIES OF TUBULAR STEEL ADJUSTABLE SHORES USED IN CONSTRUCTION." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 13, no. 04 (May 2013): 1250063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455412500630.

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In this study, experimental tests were performed to investigate the load capacities of tubular steel adjustable shores in setups typically employed in construction sites, both for isolated units and combined systems. As for isolated units, the column curves of isolated tubular steel adjustable shores for a wide range were presented based on the test results. These curves can be used for interpolating the strength of tubular steel adjustable shores in design, instead of relying on extrapolation that may lead to uncertainties. The test results show that the overlap length between the connecting tube and base tube of the shore does not affect substantially the load capacity. Additionally, the load capacity of a 3-section tubular steel adjustable shore is lower than that of a 2-section shore. The load capacity of tubular steel adjustable shores decreases when No. 3 steel bars, instead of tube locks, are used. As for the combined systems, the reinforcing effect for a tubular steel adjustable shoring system with less than 16 shores is negligible when reinforced horizontally. For a tubular steel adjustable shoring system with four shores, the reinforcing effect is obvious when reinforced both horizontally and diagonally. This study also introduces the novel concept of upper and lower limit values of load capacity, which embrace the maximum and minimum strengths of all tested shoring members randomly selected for testing at the construction site. This concept can be potentially applied in shoring design.

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Taylor, Oliver-Denzil S., and S. Marie LaBaw. "Emergency Trench Shoring and Rescue: A Simplified Method for Calculating Lateral Earth Pressures." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (October 25, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5280926.

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Emergency trench shoring design for rescue operations has no reliable standard to determine lateral earth pressures. As a result, the first responder community is forced either to rely predominantly on either “rule-of-thumb” methods or similarly to assume the OSHA 29 CFR for Type C soil to determine a “worst-case scenario.” However, the use of generalized methods, i.e., the C-80, is not officially supported by OSHA standards, which are overly conservative and do not reflect the observations of actual trench surface failures. Additionally, the shoring system requirements can be unnecessarily prohibitive in short-term emergency operations. The current “rule-of-thumb” method used by first responders underestimates braced earth pressures for weak sandy soils and is not recommended for continued use. Therefore, a simplified soil mechanics-based lateral earth pressure framework, the “T-L method,” that accurately represents actual earth pressures based on the in situ soil failure conditions, is presented. The T-L method is validated against Coulomb earth pressure theories and braced excavation thrust pressures for Type C soils. The results indicate a significant reduction in estimated lateral earth pressures which are typically required for a standard construction shoring system design, while providing an adequate and safe emergency rescue shoring standard for first responders.

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Bratcev, V. I., A. V. Roybu, and E. S. Pozhidaeva. "Off-Shoring Processes in Conditions of Taxation System Restructuring." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, no. 4 (July 29, 2018): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2018-4-54-63.

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The article analyzes off-shoring processes in order to find new ways for developing taxation planning oriented to prevention of asset outflow beyond Russian jurisdiction due to the taxation system restructuring. The authors showed the necessity to decline the appeal of off-shore for entities of economic activity based on rational taxation legislation. They substantiate the topicality of researching the taxation system restructuring in Russia, which fosters business development and new taxation mechanism designing providing conditions for reduction of off-shore development. Key forms of taxation incentive were investigated in order to identify possibilities of their impact on de-off-shoring processes and grounding the necessity of developing a new taxation mechanism for extending tax payments on growth of capital till the completion of the investment process. The article considers the taxation manoeuvre towards increasing the taxation base and its feasibility in Russian conditions. The article describes priorities of Russian taxation policy and its improvement in today’s circumstances of complicated geopolitical situation and sanction restrictions. The authors come to the conclusion about Russia transition to a row of innovation countries and put forward a set of measures aimed at creating optimal conditions of all economic agents’ involvement in innovation activity and filling economy with innovation content. Among key results of the research we should mention grounding taxation system restructuring, which stimulates business development and designing practical recommendations aimed at improvement of the mechanism of taxation impact on off-shore processes.

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Kwak, Hyo-Gyoung, and Jin-Kook Kim. "Determination of efficient shoring system in RC frame structures." Building and Environment 41, no. 12 (December 2006): 1913–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.06.021.

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Zhang, Xin Zhong, Chong Wang, and Ke Dong Tang. "Force Cold-Formed Steel Residential System Performance Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1074–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1074.

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This paper analysed a cold-formed thin-wall steel-ribbed housing’s internal forces, displacements and the overall stability under different load combinations by the finite element method, the results showed that the structure system could meet the capacity requirements and mitigate the structure weight effectively, save the amount of steel. It also proposed the shoring arrangement of increasing the building overall lateral stiffness by comparative analysis.

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Tai-Yi Liu, Cheng-An Lee, Hong-Kee Tzou, Shiun-Jye Lin, Mao-Yi Chou, and Ke-Fan Jhan. "Sustainable Solution for Shoring Method of Cross-Creek Bridge in Ankeng MRT System in New Taipei City: A Case Study." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 11, no. 1 (February 5, 2021): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.11.1.3.

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In the Ankeng Light Rail MRT system (ALRMS) project, the U7 box girder passes crossing the Erbads creek and needs a temporary supporting system for the construction work. In this study, three temporary shoring system options were proposed to be the construction method. The D-B Contractor, New Asia construction and Development Corporation, evaluated and selected the optimal choice, The Steel truss frame with supporting beams, to serve as the temporary supporting system. Compare the deflection of Δmax and Δactual, which are 1.609 cm and 1.59 cm, respectively. This result presented that the shoring system composed of the H912*302*18*37 supporting beams and steel truss frame had achieved outstanding performance and work to construct the U7 box girder. This paper presents how the three options are evaluated and the detailed construction processes along with the survey verification for the method.

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Sheridan, Tom. "Shoring up the System: The ALP and Arbitration in the 1940s." Journal of Industrial Relations 31, no. 1 (March 1989): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218568903100101.

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The years immediately after the Second World War witnessed over-full employment in the Australian economy. The workforce, backed by public opinion, sought to reap gains in employment conditions after years of restraint. High on the unions' official agenda was reform of the federal arbitration system, which dominated the wage-fixing process. In 1947 the ALP government amended the Conciliation and Arbitration Act. Although endowed with unprecedented constitutional and political authority, the Chifley government failed to meet the main expectations of its union constituents. The system remained centralized and dominated by a small bench of judges. Chifley's appointments to the bench failed to depart from the conservative norm. The Labor government's overwhelming motivation was to hold down wage costs and cushion the economy from the shock of industrial labour's newfound bargaining power.

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Suzumori, Koichi, Masanori Takata, and Shuichi Wakimoto. "Development of Joints for Power Microrobot for Searching inside Debris." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 15, no. 5 (October 20, 2003): 555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2003.p0555.

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Searching for victims in narrow gaps and shoring up pieces of debris to secure space are tasks encountered in disaster rescue operations. The authors have developed high-strength robot joints for microrobots to be used in such situations. The joints developed are of three types - swivel joint, extension joint, and strut joint - all having an outer diameter of 60mm and driven by a 21MPa hydraulic system. This paper presents the system configuration of a power microrobot for traveling and searching inside debris, then describes the mechanisms and controls of the three developed joints. This study thereby demonstrates the possibility of realizing a microrobot capable of maneuvering within narrow gaps and shoring debris to secure space. The microrobot weighs approximately 25 or 35kg (including the hydraulic unit), is driven by a 100V power supply, with 300W power consumption, and has an outer diameter of 60mm and length of about 1m.

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Xiao, Zhen Yan, and Yu Liu. "The Numerical Analysis on Stability of Deep Roadway Support System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.687.

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The effect of the roadway with no supporting and roadway that was reinforcement by rock bolts and anchor robs, anchor rod combined bolting shoring, anchor rod combined anchor rope and lining timbering was simulated by using numerical simulation software FLAC3D. The results showed that the deformation of no supporting roadway is maximal, and the maximal position is vault. The displacement of top floor and two side decreases after supported, which can reinforce surrounding rock. The reinforcement effect of the anchor rod combined anchor rope and lining timbering is best.

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Sohoni, Prachi, Abdul Ghaffar, Vasant A. Matsagar, and K. N. Jha. "Optimization of Shoring/Reshoring Levels in High-Rise Building Construction." Organization, Technology and Management in Construction: an International Journal 10, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 1803–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/otmcj-2018-0009.

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Abstract Formwork system is a significant constituent and a basic requirement for high-rise cast-in-place reinforced concrete buildings. Usually, the builders are confronted with the decision to choose the safe, optimum number of levels of shores/reshores for a predetermined safety factor and given grade of concrete, giving due consideration to the cost of formwork system. In this study, MATLAB program is developed to calculate the load distribution between the interconnected slabs and levels of shore/reshore of a slab formwork based on a simplified method. This program is further modified by incorporating genetic algorithm for the optimization of cost of construction for high-rise building. The cost of level of shores and reshores per floor is defined as a function of cycle time which directly reflects the increase in the cost of construction. Various combinations of shore and reshore levels with several grades of concrete for various safety factors are checked to minimize the cost of construction. The optimization equation is solved using genetic algorithm considering appropriate constraints to practically ensure feasible solutions. The case of one level of shores and numerous levels of reshores is better than one level of reshores and numerous levels of shores. The result of certain combination of shore and reshore levels is not the same when the level numbers are reversed. A comparative study is carried out to check the optimum cost for various safety factors. The program is useful for the designers to decide the levels of shores and reshores with minimized cost without compromising the safety of construction.

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Peng, J. L., D. V. Rosowsky, A. D. Pan, W. F. Chen, and S. L. Chan. "Simplified Modeling and Analysis of Pattern Loading Effects on Shoring Systems During Construction." Advances in Structural Engineering 1, no. 3 (July 1998): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/136943329800100305.

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This paper examines the effect of concrete placement patterns on temporary structures. Specific consideration is given to scaffold shoring systems used in construction. A simplified two-dimensional portal frame model is developed to investigate the system stability for different load patterns corresponding to different concrete placement procedures. Then, a three-dimensional structural model is developed to identify the location and magnitude of the critical formwork load both during and after concrete placement. A second-order elastic analysis of the system is performed to determine the critical loads. For the sway case, there exists a unique critical (collapse) load which is independent of load pattern (placement paths) and partial loads. However, the amount of lateral deflection varies for different load patterns or paths. Thus, a single limiting lateral deflection of the temporary structure may not be suitable as an early-warning index signaling imminent collapse during construction. An analysis based on the concept of influence surfaces confirms that an equivalent uniform load may be used in design to account for pattern loading during construction.

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Cong, Shu Ping, Lai Wang, and Jin Sheng Han. "Study on Temporary Load-Carrying System of Reinforced Concrete Structure on Construction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 1082–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.1082.

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Load-carrying system of reinforced concrete structure on construction is different from load-carrying system on service life. This temporary load-carrying system is composed of shores and concrete members of early age on construction. Geometrical model and material property of structure are time-varying on construction. Through secondary development of ANSYS, the processes of placing concrete and removing shore are simulated on construction. Critical effect factors are determined through the analysis on mechanical property of temporary load-carrying system, such as shore stiffness, foundation stiffness and diurnal temperature difference. Results of analog calculation to temporary load-carrying system will provide basis for shoring system design and structure reliability analysis on construction.

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Gong, Wenping, Hongwei Huang, C. Hsein Juang, and Lei Wang. "Simplified-robust geotechnical design of soldier pile–anchor tieback shoring system for deep excavation." Marine Georesources & Geotechnology 35, no. 2 (November 30, 2015): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1064119x.2015.1120369.

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FARAGÓ, Tamás, János SZENDEFY, Attila SZEPESHÁZI, and Balázs KARNER. "Back analysis of a shoring system at the excavation site of M4 subway, Budapest." ce/papers 2, no. 2-3 (June 2018): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.740.

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Russell, Alan D., and Ibrahim Al-Hammad. "A knowledge-based framework for construction methods selection." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 20, no. 2 (April 1, 1993): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l93-029.

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This paper describes the ingredients of a knowledge-based framework for selection of construction methods. They include an operational definition of construction method, a conceptual model of the decision-making process, an explanation of how project context and construction methods may be represented for methods selection and analysis purposes, the range of criteria that need to be considered, and a representation of construction expertise. These ingredients are illustrated using a prototype expert system, called CMSA (Construction Methods Selection Assistant), to select a shoring system for cut-and-cover tunnelling. Key words: construction methods, decision-making, expert system, prototype.

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Naidoo, Rennie. "Unravelling Design Controversies in a Transnational Healthcare Information System." International Journal of Actor-Network Theory and Technological Innovation 6, no. 3 (July 2014): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijantti.2014070102.

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Healthcare insurance firms are experimenting with integrating self-managed healthcare elements into their product and service design and making these available through transnational healthcare information systems (THISs). The purpose of this article is to analyze this technology using a socio-technical theoretical lens. Drawing from a longitudinal case study, this paper unravels some of the design controversies presented by a self-managed nutrition technology, designed by a South African healthcare insurance firm for the local and UK market. Using key concepts (inscription, translation, enrollment, delegation, and displacement) from actor-network theory, this paper reveals why, in this context, the traditional face-to-face dietetic practice could not be completely entrusted to a THIS. The results demonstrate that firms are sometimes better off resorting to traditional channels for complex and high contact healthcare interventions. Practitioners need to be aware of potentially ‘tricky' socio-technical entanglements when designing a novel THIS and future researchers must account for the increasing complexity involved in operating these technologies in different national healthcare contexts. Guidelines are offered for firms contemplating off-shoring self-managed healthcare technology developments.

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Whittaker, Jennifer R., Jill K. Clark, Sarah SanGiovannni, and Samina Raja. "Planning for Food Systems: Community-University Partnerships for Food-Systems Transformation." Metropolitan Universities 28, no. 1 (February 23, 2017): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/21471.

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The United Nations estimates that by 2050, more than 70% of the world’s population will live in urban areas. In the face of continuing urbanization, how will communities meet the fundamental need for good food? What kinds of public policies, structures, and systems will ensure equitable and just access to food? We argue that urban universities have a responsibility and an extraordinary opportunity to help create equitable community food systems by amplifying community-led planning and policy to strengthen such systems. Drawing on case studies involving the University at Buffalo State University of New York system and its community partners, we describe the ways in which community-university partnerships can leverage policy change to support stronger food systems. We conclude with lessons for such partnerships: the importance of building lasting relationships for policy change, shoring up community capacity, understanding the benefits and burdens for universities and communities, and reimagining universities’ responsibilities to their regions.

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Xiong, Xiaobo. "Research on Grey System Model and Its Application on Displacement Prediction in Tunnel Surrounding Rock." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (December 24, 2014): 514–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01408010514.

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In the process of the highway tunnel construction, the stability and the reliability of tunnel rock is an important guarantee to ensure safety construction. Tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring is an important method for obtaining information on surrounding rock and controlling tunnel stability in the period of construction. Forecasting deformation of surrounding rock is the key to estimate shoring types, parameter and longtime stability after being commissioned for use. Considering the non-linear characteristic of deformation of the tunnel, the grey system prediction models were proposed. Based on the displacement of Guankouya rock tunnel, grey models of the GM(1, 1) and the Model DGM(2, 1) were established for the tunnel grey forecasting model of the rock tunnel displacement. The calculated results show that two models for tunnel displacement generally were predictable. GM(1, 1) and DGM(2, 1) models are similar to the tunnel displacement development model. Application examples demonstrate that it has extraordinary adaptability to the tunnel displacement forecast and all types of surrounding rock displacement can be predicted better by the grey model and the model has high simulation and prediction accuracy.

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Khritin, I. V. "The influence of temperature deformed state of the strut system on additional forces in the shoring structures of excavation pits." Вестник гражданских инженеров 15, no. 2 (2018): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2018-15-2-112-121.

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Teng, J. G., H. T. Wong, Z. C. Wang, and S. L. Dong. "Steel-Concrete Composite Shell Roofs: Structural Concept and Feasibility." Advances in Structural Engineering 8, no. 3 (July 2005): 287–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369433054349105.

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This paper describes a new structural system, namely steel-concrete composite shells, for enclosing large spaces and presents test and numerical simulation results to demonstrate its feasibility. These composite shells are formed by pouring concrete on a thin stiffened steel base shell which serves as both the permanent formwork and the tensile steel reinforcement. The thin steel shell, constructed by bolting together open-topped modular units consisting of a base plate with surrounding edge plates, is a steel shell with thin stiffeners in both directions. The new system retains all the benefits of thin concrete shells, but eliminates the need for temporary formwork and minimises the required falsework. In this paper, the background to the development of this new structural system is first given, followed by a description of its structural features. Advantages of this new structural system over existing systems are next discussed. Possible failure modes of the new structural system are also outlined. Finally, a study to demonstrate the feasibility of constructing these shell roofs of large spans with very thin steel sheets and a limited amount of shoring is presented. In this feasibility study, a finite element model was developed for bolted steel arches as a conservative approximation of bolted steel shells, and was verified using results from simple connection tests. Both the connection tests and the verification of the finite element model are given in this paper before presenting the results from the parametric study.

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Ni, Yi Qing, Y. X. Xia, and Xiao Wei Ye. "Structural Health Monitoring of a Tall Building with Huge Floating Platform." Advances in Science and Technology 83 (September 2012): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.83.177.

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The New Headquarters of Shenzhen Stock Exchange (NHSSE), located in Shenzhen, China, is a high-rise building with a height of 228 m. One salient feature of NHSSE is its huge floating platform. It is a steel truss structure assembled with a total of 14 steel trusses in six types. It overhangs from the main tower 36 m along the long axis and 22 m along the short axis at a height of 36 m above the ground. As a result, the huge floating platform has an overall plan dimension of 98 m × 162 m and a total height of 24 m, making it one of the largest cantilever structures in the world. In view of the uniqueness of the floating platform, a long-term structural health monitoring (SHM) system has been designed and implemented on NHSSE by The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. In this monitoring system, the strain and deflection of the cantilever structure are of the utmost concern. A total of 224 vibrating-wire strain gauges have been installed to measure the strain and a novel vision-based displacement tracking system has been employed to monitor the deflection. In addition, accelerometers and a wireless sensing network (WSN) are implemented to monitor dynamic responses and modal properties of the structure. This paper reports the monitoring results of stress evolution of NHSSE during the construction process of dismantling the shoring and modal properties of NHSSE under ambient vibration environment, as well as their comparison with the prediction results through finite element analysis.

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Carey, Michael J., David J. DeWitt, Michael J. Franklin, Nancy E. Hall, Mark L. McAuliffe, Jeffrey F. Naughton, Daniel T. Schuh, et al. "Shoring up persistent applications." ACM SIGMOD Record 23, no. 2 (June 1994): 383–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/191843.191915.

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Ambrose, Timothy P., Dryver R. Houston, Peter L. Fuhr, Elizabeth A. Devino, and Michael P. Werner. "Shoring systems for construction load monitoring." Smart Materials and Structures 3, no. 1 (March 1, 1994): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/3/1/005.

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Siegel, R. P. "Shoring Up the Front Lines." Mechanical Engineering 143, no. 2 (March 3, 2021): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2021-mar4.

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Abstract When offices and workplaces reopen, HVAC systems will be the first line of defense against spread of viruses like the coronavirus. The technology to provide defense against microbes already exists. Unfortunately, the urgency to deploy these systems has not existed before now.

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Hockey, Jenny, Angela Meah, and Victoria Robinson. "Fast Girls, Foreigners and GIs: An Exploration of the Discursive Strategies through Which the Status of Pre-Marital (Hetero)sexual Ignorance and Restraint Was Upheld during the Second World War." Sociological Research Online 14, no. 5 (November 2009): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2035.

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This paper explores contradictions within qualitative data gathered among women and men whose young adulthood coincided with the Second World War. These data were generated as part of an ESRC-funded project which investigated the making of heterosexual relationships cross-generationally. They suggest the co-existence of both a prevalent taboo or stigma associated with sexual knowledge and practice before and outside marriage, and personal experiences of precisely these engagements with embodied sexuality. Drawing on Charles Tilly's work, the paper argues that, when interrogated, these contradictions can reveal the strategies through which a creaky heterosexual consensus was shored up during a period of military upheaval that profoundly destabilised existing beliefs and practices. Tilly differentiated between academic historians who sought to reconcile ‘very large structural changes’ and ‘the changing experiences of ordinary people’ through either collectivist or individualist approaches to ‘history from below’. Neither of these methods could yield an adequate account, in his view. However, the ‘lay historians’ who participated in our study combined collectivist and individualist perspectives, thereby providing a unique insight into an era when collective values and individual practices were often in tension with one another. As our participants spoke about their young adulthood, their data revealed the potency of local gossip which mobilised wider discourses of alterity or ‘othering’, so shoring up a consensual view of sexual mores, despite the prevalence of attitudes and practices that contravened it. What we argue, therefore, is that rather than a half-remembered, contradictory account of heterosexuality during the 1920s and 1930s, the data we gathered in the early 21st century exemplifies precisely the discursive strategies of that period. In other words, these data shed light on the ways in which not only heterosexual norms, but also an entire, endangered system of distinctions based on class, gender and national identity was upheld.

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LaBaw, S., and M. Aggour. "Earth pressures in trench rescue shoring systems." International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 6, no. 3 (July 2012): 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3328/ijge.2012.06.03.297-308.

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Yakymiv, Y. V., and O. M. Bortniak. "FLOW CAPACITY OF MAIN OIL PIPELINES WITH PREDEFINED OIL PUMPING STATIONS LOCATION WITH PERIODICAL PARTIAL OIL DUMPING." Oil and Gas Power Engineering, no. 1(31) (June 26, 2019): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2019-1(31)-65-71.

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Transportation of oil via main pipelines often requires the need for a permanent or periodic dumping of some part of the flow for further shipment of crude oil to oil refineries or filling stations. The application of such technology leads to a change in the operating mode of oil pumping stations and the oil transportation system in general. In case of emergency, an analogue of dumping is an oil leak from the pipeline in a case of violation of its integrity. Resetting a part of the flow is accompanied by a change in a liquid flow ahead of and behind the discharge point, which inevitably leads to a redistribution of pressures at the inlet and outlet of transitional petroleum pumping stations. Increasing of pressure at the output of the stations may lead to the violation of the pipeline strength; reducing of input shoring may cause cavitation operating modes of the equipment. Therefore, the study of the impact of discharges on the parameters of the operation of oil transportation systems in order to ensure their reliable, safe and economically efficient functioning is a relevant point of this area. For this purpose, based on the proposed calculated algorithms implemented in the software, the authors conducted the research on the impact of periodic oil discharges on the redistribution of hydraulic flows, energy losses at the bends, pressure at the inlet and outlet of oil pumping stations, as well as the volume of trunk oil pipelines capacity. The approbation of the proposed elaboration is carried out by defining the operational parameters of processing in functioning of oil and transport system «Druzhba» at the Mozyr-Tukholsky pass, which runs throughout the territory of Ukraine. Based on the analysis of the obtained results it was established that, depending on the volume of a discharge, the location of the limiting area, which limits the entry capacity of the trunk pipeline in general, might be changed. At the same time, the bend, ahead of which the part of oil is discharged, is not always limiting. Increasing the volume of a discharge leads to growing capacity of the pipeline at the area ahead of the point of discharge in the case when the limiting pipeline bend is behind the discharge point. If such a bend is located on the pipeline ahead of the discharge point, the increasing discharge does not affect the capacity of the initial area of the pipeline.

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Cong, Shu Ping, Jin Sheng Han, and Shu Ting Liang. "Investigating Vertical Load Distribution and Shoring Systems of Reinforced Concrete Buildings during Construction." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 1369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1369.

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The loads of reinforced concrete buildings are bore by shores and early age concrete members during construction. In order to analysis the distribution of vertical load between concrete members and shores, the approximate method was developed based on the finite element method and simplified method. According to the process of construction, seven primary structures were brought forward in the approximate method. The coefficients of vertical load distribution between concrete members and shores are confirmed through the finite element method. The loads of concrete members and shores could be obtained conveniently through the distribution coefficients. Three shoring systems (2S, 2S1R and 3S) could be calculated by the approximate method, so the suitable shoring systems for reinforced concrete buildings would be confirmed.

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Bai, Yu Long, Bao Xiong Xu, Sheng Sheng Hu, Xin Wang, and Huan Feng. "Remote Wireless Control System of Copper Refinery Shorting Switch." Applied Mechanics and Materials 742 (March 2015): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.742.455.

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The paper designs remote wireless control system of copper refinery shorting switch in the copper smelting industry, which is composed of in-situ monitor nodes and centralized-control master nodes and can realize remote control and real-time monitoring of shorting switch. Monitor nodes adopt PLC module, temperature monitoring module, LCD module and other in-situ devices. All modules collect switching values and temperatures, and transmit collected signals to master nodes through wireless network, and master modes transfer information to computer equipment in the monitoring end. Centralized-control master nodes send alarm for temperatures exceeding the safety range, control switch operation, and produce switch operation report. The test results indicate that the system is reliable, stable and of significant application value in the metallic refinery industry.

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Peng, Jui-Lin. "Structural Modeling and Design Considerations for Double-Layer Shoring Systems." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 130, no. 3 (June 2004): 368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2004)130:3(368).

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Peng, Jui-Lin, Pao-Li Wang, Siu Lai Chan, and Chung-Ho Huang. "Load Capacities of Single-Layer Shoring Systems: An Experimental Study." Advances in Structural Engineering 15, no. 8 (August 2012): 1389–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.15.8.1389.

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Keum, Kyo-Seung, Young-Mi Park, and Jae-Hoon Choi. "A Low-Profile Wideband Monocone Antenna Using Bent Shorting Strips." Applied Sciences 9, no. 9 (May 9, 2019): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9091896.

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A low-profile wideband monocone antenna with bent shorting strips, and parasitic and circular sleeves is proposed. By loading the bent shorting strips, parasitic sleeves, and circular sleeves, miniaturization of the antenna is achieved. Along with bent shorting strips from the monocone hat to the ground plane, parasitic sleeves, and circular sleeves are mounted to enhance the impedance bandwidth. From the experimental results, the –10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth of the proposed antenna ranges from 810 MHz to 5340 MHz. In addition to the wide bandwidth characteristics, the proposed antenna has highly desirable omnidirectional radiation properties for wireless communication systems.

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Peng, Jui-Lin. "Stability Analyses and Design Recommendations for Practical Shoring Systems during Construction." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 128, no. 6 (December 2002): 536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2002)128:6(536).

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Xu, Ziqiang, Chenguang Ding, Qiangqiang Zhou, Yangtao Sun, and Si Huang. "A Dual-Band Dual-Antenna System with Common-Metal Rim for Smartphone Applications." Electronics 8, no. 3 (March 22, 2019): 348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8030348.

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A dual-antenna system operating at WIFI and GPS bands is proposed for common-metal rimmed smartphones applications. This dual-antenna system, which is horizontally placed on a ground plane of 4.5 × 75 mm2, consists of two folded inverted-F antennas (IFAs) sharing the same metal rim. Each IFA contains part of the metal radiating arm, and both IFAs own approximately one-quarter free space wavelengths at 2.44 GHz. A matching network is embedded in the feeding line of the left IFA to provide a resonant frequency at 1.575 GHz. By adjusting the positions of the shorting branch and feeding line, good impedance matching is obtained. Two gaps in the metal frame and a center shorting branch between two IFAs are adopted to improve the isolation. The isolations of better than 22 dB and 19 dB in GPS and WIFI bands are attained, respectively. The proposed antenna is fabricated, and the measured results regarding S-parameters, radiation efficiency, gain, as well as diversity performances are presented.

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Krishna, T. V. Rama, B. T. P. Madhav, G. Monica, V. Janakiram, and S. Md Abid Basha. "Microstrip Line Fed Leaky Wave Antenna with Shorting Vias for Wideband Systems." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 1725. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i4.10699.

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In this work a complex structured shorted vias microstrip leaky wave antenna is designed and analysed. A Leaky wave antenna is a travelling wave structure with complex propagation constant. When shorting vias are loaded in a periodic structure the fundamental resonant mode shows some stop band characteristics and some of the modes will strongly attenuated. Three different types of iterations are examined in this work with and without defected ground structures. The defected ground structure based leaky wave antennas are showing better performance characteristics with respect to efficiency and phase. A micro strip line feeding with impedance of 50 ohms at both ports are providing excellent impedance matching to the conducting path on the microstrip surface. The shorting vias are suppressing certain higher order frequency bands and providing excellent wide band characteristics with low loss.

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Krishna, T. V. Rama, B. T. P. Madhav, G. Monica, V. Janakiram, and S. Md Abid Basha. "Microstrip Line Fed Leaky Wave Antenna with Shorting Vias for Wideband Systems." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 1725. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i4.pp1725-1731.

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In this work a complex structured shorted vias microstrip leaky wave antenna is designed and analysed. A Leaky wave antenna is a travelling wave structure with complex propagation constant. When shorting vias are loaded in a periodic structure the fundamental resonant mode shows some stop band characteristics and some of the modes will strongly attenuated. Three different types of iterations are examined in this work with and without defected ground structures. The defected ground structure based leaky wave antennas are showing better performance characteristics with respect to efficiency and phase. A micro strip line feeding with impedance of 50 ohms at both ports are providing excellent impedance matching to the conducting path on the microstrip surface. The shorting vias are suppressing certain higher order frequency bands and providing excellent wide band characteristics with low loss.

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Huang, Yue-Lin, Wei-Fah Chen, How-Ji Chen, Tsong Yen, Yu-Ghian Kao, and Chao-Qin Lin. "A monitoring method for scaffold-frame shoring systems for elevated concrete formwork." Computers & Structures 78, no. 5 (December 2000): 681–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(00)00051-1.

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Liu, Fen, Jun Xia Yan, and Xiao Wen Yuan. "Optimum Design of Drive Project in Lathe Speed-Change System." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 2227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.2227.

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Abstract： Based on the graphic theory and the design method of classification model, a new method of optimum design of drive project in lathe speed-change system is proposed. The mathematical model and optimum method are set up. This method can be used to design speed changing gear box of the lathe. This has a very important meaning in improving design precision and shorting design time.

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Dai, Xi-Wang, Long Li, Zhen-Ye Wang, and Chang-Hong Liang. "High isolation and compact MIMO antenna system with defected shorting wall." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 7, no. 2 (April 24, 2014): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078714000580.

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In this paper, a compact multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system with high isolation is proposed for 2.4 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) application. The system is composed of two aperture-coupled shorted patch antennas with a spacing of 4 mm (only 0.032λ). The antenna is fed with an H-shaped coupling slot, and the defected shorting wall is used for high isolation. The proposed MIMO system exhibits an isolation of better than −20 dB and a maximum isolation of −43 dB at the central frequency. The envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.01. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna is a good candidate for MIMO system with higher isolation and better diversity.

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Chapman, Hannah S. "Shoring Up Autocracy: Participatory Technologies and Regime Support in Putin’s Russia." Comparative Political Studies 54, no. 8 (January 31, 2021): 1459–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414021989759.

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How do autocrats build support? This study argues that autocrats create and maintain participatory technologies—elite-mass communication strategies that promote two-way interaction between citizens and leaders—to foster support. Participatory technologies provide citizens with the opportunity to have a limited voice in otherwise closed political systems. I test this theory through a series of two nationally-representative survey experiments in Russia. Results suggest that awareness of participatory technologies increases approval of President Putin and improves perceptions that there are opportunities for voice in politics. This finding departs from previous research that suggests public opinion is influenced primarily by participation. Furthermore, I demonstrate that these effects can be directly attributed to the communicative format of these strategies, not to issue resolution or leadership effects. Finally, I demonstrate that effects are dependent upon individuals’ political sophistication and political priors, contributing to political polarization and opening up the potential for backlash against the regime.

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Brituškins, Aleksandrs, and Aleksejs Zorins. "CONTINUOUS INTEGRATION AND DELIVERY OF WEB APPLICATIONS." HUMAN. ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. Proceedings of the Students International Scientific and Practical Conference, no. 23 (April 24, 2019): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/het2019.23.4395.

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With the advent of DevOps practice, rapidly began evolve systems development life cycle shorting methods, such as continuous integration, testing and delivery, release automation and infrastructure as code methods. This methods, is similar to programming scripts which are used to automate a series of static steps to complete defined scenario. Often, the choice of used automation methods and tools depends on project and application complexity, which makes each case unique in its own way. The main goals of the paper are description of basic continuous integration and delivery methods for web based applications with real example using version control system, container virtualization and some auxiliary scripts, which developed by author and currently being successfully used on few real projects. In example used version control system, container virtualization and some auxiliary scripts.

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Huang, Y. L., H. J. Chen, D. V. Rosowsky, and Y. G. Kao. "Load-carrying capacities and failure modes of scaffold-shoring systems, Part I: Modeling and experiments." Structural Engineering and Mechanics 10, no. 1 (July 25, 2000): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2000.10.1.053.

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Dai, Xi-Wang, Tao Zhou, and Bo-Ran Guan. "Dual-band low-profile planar antenna for mobile communication application." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 2 (December 8, 2015): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715001671.

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A novel dual-band planar antenna with a low profile for mobile communication system is proposed in this paper. The antenna is composed of one shorted patch with two radiating notches for low frequency resonance and one square patch for high frequency resonance. The low profile is achieved via the shorting patch, which introduces the parallel electrical field between the reflector and antenna. A step-impedance microstrip line is used to feed the antenna. The coupling between the square patch and microstrip line cancels out the inductance of shorting probe, which increases the working bandwidth of proposed antenna. A prototype with a low profile of 0.0286λ is fabricated and measured. The antenna achieves dual impedance bandwidths of 1.6% for the low frequency band and 60% for the high frequency band, covering the frequency range 851–865 MHz and 1.97–3.65 GHz, respectively. The measured results show good agreements with the simulated ones.

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Chen, Yi. "The Research on Intelligent Marking System for Examinations Based on Fuzzy Theory." Advanced Materials Research 918 (April 2014): 288–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.918.288.

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A lot of computer test system adopts objective topic given points by the computer, and the subjective topic is by the teachers review to points, giving teachers a lot of extra work. A targeted intelligence marking scheme is put forward in this paper, and connecting with the actual situation, designed and simulated the implements an intelligent system. With the aid of certain criteria, the subjective topic grading and the analysis of the examinee answers, are reasonable subjective item grading, shorting the testing process, saving marking time, without subjective factors in the marking. So that student's result can objectively real reaction students have mastered the knowledge and teachers' teaching.

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Corrin, Jennifer, and Simon Young. "Constitutional promises of indigenous recognition: Canada, Vanuatu and the challenges of pluralism." Common Law World Review 48, no. 4 (December 2019): 233–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473779519891623.

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The Constitutions of Canada and Vanuatu commit to recognition of ‘Aboriginal rights’ and ‘customary laws’, respectively. The translation of these aspirations has led the courts deep into the challenges of pluralism, magnified here by the weight of colonialism and constitutional context. This article explores the progress in these two contrasting countries to provide a broader view of the undertaking. It is argued that the persistence of visible problems reveals more fundamental difficulties and that the collaboration essential to the task of ‘recognition’—and to shoring up Western legal systems in the modern reality—must begin earlier and run deeper.

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Suheriyanto, Dwi, Soemarno, Bagyo Yanuwiadi, and Amin Setyo Leksono. "Soil Arthropods Diversity in Manggis Natural Reserve and Coffee Agroforestry System Kediri Regency, Indonesia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 747 (March 2015): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.747.341.

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Soil arthropods have role as herbivores, decomposers, predators and bioindicators of the various functions on ecosystems. Soil arthropods have an important role in increasing and maintaining soil productivity through the decomposition process of organic matter. The research was conducted to investigate abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in Manggis Natural Reserve and Coffee Agroforestry System. Hand-shorting methods and pitfall traps were used to catch soil arthropods. The abundance of soil arthropods were analyzed into diversity index. The result showed that the Natural Reserve has higher family number of soil arthropod and diversity index than the Agroforestry System. Individual of Hymenoptera order is very abundant in both location.

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Manoharan, Neelamegam, Subhransu Sekhar Dash, Kurup Sathy Rajesh, and Sidhartha Panda. "Automatic Generation Control by Hybrid Invasive Weed Optimization and Pattern Search Tuned 2-DOF PID Controller." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 12, no. 4 (June 29, 2017): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2017.4.2751.

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A hybrid invasive weed optimization and pattern search (hIWO-PS) technique is proposed in this paper to design 2 degree of freedom proportionalintegral- derivative (2-DOF-PID) controllers for automatic generation control (AGC) of interconnected power systems. Firstly, the proposed approach is tested in an interconnected two-area thermal power system and the advantage of the proposed approach has been established by comparing the results with recently published methods like conventional Ziegler Nichols (ZN), differential evolution (DE), bacteria foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA), genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), hybrid BFOA-PSO, hybrid PSO-PS and non-dominated shorting GA-II (NSGA-II) based controllers for the identical interconnected power system. Further, sensitivity investigation is executed to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed approach by changing the parameters of the system, operating loading conditions, locations as well as size of the disturbance. Additionally, the methodology is applied to a three area hydro thermal interconnected system with appropriate generation rate constraints (GRC). The superiority of the presented methodology is demonstrated by presenting comparative results of adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), hybrid hBFOA-PSO as well as hybrid hPSO-PS based controllers for the identical system.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Shoring system'

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