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Journal articles on the topic 'Short-circuit calculation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Fu, Pengwu, Dongwen Yang, Zhi He, Zhenfeng Duan, and Dengmei Wang. "Practical calculation of asymmetric short circuit current of DFIG connected to distribution network." E3S Web of Conferences 145 (2020): 02075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014502075.

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In view of the existing complex analytic calculations of DFIG short-circuit current are hardly applied in engineering projects, a practical calculation of asymmetric short-circuit current of DFIG is proposed. According to the complex sequence and their Thevenin equivalent model of DFIG network, the composition of each sequence component of DFIG short-circuit current is analysed. Moreover, considering the low-voltage ride through strategy of DFIG, the negative sequence periodic components of short circuit current are well analysed during the crowbar activation and deactivation, and the formula of the negative sequence periodic components of short circuit current are derived. On the basis of positive and negative sequence open circuit voltage, calculating impedance and rotor current, the judgement of crowbar activation is established. The pre-calculated surfaces of negative sequence periodic components of short circuit current are proposed, and the procedure for calculating the asymmetric short-circuit current of DFIG is designed. Finally, the proposed method is verified by simulation.

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2

Zhang, Hong, Xu Hui Ma, and Xiu Ye Yin. "The Building of Offshore Facilities Power System’s Equivalent Circuit Model." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 648–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.648.

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With the development of technology, the power system of offshore facilities (for short: power system) is increasingly complex, short-circuit current calculation process also becomes more complex. The simple recursive algorithm can not meet the requirements of short-circuit current calculation in complex power system. The paper, basing on the principle of short-circuit current calculation, taking modeling ideas, created an equivalent circuit model of power system for short-circuit current calculation. The equivalent circuit model can be used to simplify the progress of calculation and meet the needs of the power system development.

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3

Meško, Nina, Branimir Ćućić, and Damir Žarko. "Short-circuit stress calculation in oval windings." Procedia Engineering 202 (2017): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.720.

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4

KALINICHENKO, V., and I. PRIDATKO. "Some aspects of the calculation of short circuits in mine distribution networks. The calculation of the effective values of the short-circuit currents is carried out in order to determine the minimum." Journal of Electrical and power engineering 14, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2074-2630-2020-1-66-69.

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The calculation of the effective values of the short-circuit currents is carried out in order to determine the minimum value of the current of the two- phase short-circuit required to select the settings of the means of protection, as well as the maximum value of the current of the three-phase short-circuit required to test the switching equipment for the ability to switch off. In most studies, the calculation of short-circuit currents is carried out only taking into account the total resistance of the transformer substation and the cable network. They also take into account the maximum short-circuit power (100MVA) due to the use of high-voltage explosion-proof switchgear type KRUV-6 without taking into account the influence of the external network. An external network, in turn, may limit the short-circuit power below 100MVA. The calculation of the short-circuit power of the external system with regard to the network parameters was considered. The actual magnitude of this capacity differs from that accepted in the known calculations and is below these values due to the natural or artificial introduction of reactor reactance and causes an error of 10-40%. Remote short-circuits of the distribution network reduce the short-circuit power of the input terminals of the step-down transformers, and therefore the influence of the external network on the short-circuit currents in the district networks increases. This approach will allow the determination of short-circuit currents in the mine distribution networks with higher accuracy. This will reduce the risk of accidents in an explosive mining environment.

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5

Zhao, Tie Ying, and Yan Wen Wang. "Current Limiting Reactor's Reactance Value Selection Based on Short-Circuit Transient Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 722 (July 2013): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.722.223.

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Current limiting reactor can increase systems short circuit impedance so as to limit short circuit current. Current limiting reactor is directly involved in whole short circuit process when a short circuit fault occurs in a power system, which makes short-circuit current change more complex. Short circuit current level is affected by current limiting reactors parameters; a current limiting reactor with proper impedance value can maintain short-circuit current at an acceptable range. A short circuit transient process of a distributing network with current limiting reactor was analyzed, and the formula of current changing in short circuit transient process was deduced; according to the current changing formula, an engineering calculation formula of current limiting reactors impedance was derived. The case calculation shows that current limiting reactor meeting the need of the engineering calculation formula can reach the system current limiting requirement.

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6

Lu, Guang Ming, Wei Zhang, Jian Feng Yan, Yong Jun Yu, Zhi Hong Yu, Yan Hui Qin, Ying Lv, et al. "Comparative Analysis of the Calculation Results of Online Short-Circuit Current Based on PSASP and Fault Wave Recording." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 897–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.897.

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In daily operation process,the results of online short-circuit current calculation and fault wave recording is different, the differences between the two results affected the dispatcher’s decision. In-depth analysis of the calculation process and finding the possible causes of the differences should be done. The on-line PSASP short-circuit current calculation based on power flow and scheme was studied. The boundary conditions and calculation models of two methods were studied, the influence of the modeling scope and equivalent circuits to the short-circuit current was also studied. Fault wave recording calculated short-circuit current through forward calculation, the middle to both sides calculation and backward calculation, and the differences of the three calculation mode were also analyzed. Through the above analysis and comparison, online data equivalent to 220kV high voltage side of the transformer greatly impacts short-circuit current, but effective value calculation method of fault wave recording has a little impact on the short-circuit current, mainly in the following reasons, the first one is that non-dispatching power plant is equivalent to a load, the second one is that several different types of load is equivalent to a load using one load model, the third one is that all devices connecting to low voltage side of the 220kV transformers are equivalent to 220kV. Conclusions of the analysis can provide the basis for the practical work of online short-circuit current calculation.

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7

Zheng, Han Bo, Jin Hua Han, Wei Wang, Xiao Gang Li, and Yu Quan Li. "Computation of Radial Electromagnetic Forces on Power Transformer LV Windings due to Short-Circuit Currents." Advanced Materials Research 732-733 (August 2013): 1069–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.732-733.1069.

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The short-circuit electromagnetic force in radial direction induces critical mechanical stress on a power transformer. In this paper, the radial short-circuit forces which are exerted on transformer low voltage (LV) windings are investigated. Firstly, the mechanisms of leakage flux and short-circuit electromechanical forces in transformer coils are analyzed. Afterwards, based on IEC standards followed by short-circuit tests, calculations of radial short-circuit forces and evaluations of the ability to withstand short currents in LV windings are developed. The case studies and comparisons with improved measures show that the evaluation and calculation method is feasible and effective, and this method also offers three useful ways to strengthen the ability to withstand short-circuit currents for transformer windings.

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8

Lagace, P. J., L. A. Dessaint, M. Lavoie, J. Mahseredjian, and A. Chartrand. "Transient short circuit current calculation using decoupled networks." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 14, no. 3 (July 1999): 1110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.772381.

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9

Pan, Pei Ming, Huan Lian, Fei Xiang Hui, and Wei Pu Tan. "Calculation and Analysis of Three-Phase Transformer Short-Circuit Current." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 1914–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1914.

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Analysis the important significance of transformer short-circuit current calculation for the stable operation of power system. Lead to three different types of transformer short-circuit current calculation methods, this literature uses a simplified example to compare the characters among three methods. Meanwhile, calculation by using the theory to get a quantitative range of simplified method. The calculation results and theory support each other, finally, summarizing the application range of the three methods, and offering a reference for reasonable selection of short-circuit current methods.

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10

Liu, Jian Jun, Jian Min Wang, Chong You Jing, Chang Zai Fan, and Yuan Zhai. "Numerical Analysis on Short-Circuit Force Parameters of Windings for Power Transformer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 138-139 (November 2011): 764–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.138-139.764.

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The Simplified model of both calculating leakage magnetic field and mechanical force of windings at short circuit condition for a 120MVA/220kV power transformer is set up. The leakage magnetic field ‚ short-circuit force and stress in transformer windings are analyzed and their distributing characteristics are acquired respectively by using FEM. The calculation method and results are validated by withstanding short circuit strength test of the product. A number of useful suggestions are given for design of power transformers.

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11

Tarko, Rafał, Jakub Gajdzica, Wiesław Nowak, and Waldemar Szpyra. "Comparative Analysis of High-Voltage Power Line Models for Determining Short-Circuit Currents in Towers Earthing Systems." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 4, 2021): 4729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14164729.

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The article deals with the problems of single-phase short-circuit current distribution in overhead power lines. Short-circuit disturbances cause many negative phenomena in power networks. Since experimental studies of short-circuits in real networks are practically impossible to perform, these effects can be evaluated only theoretically, based on short-circuit current calculations with the use of appropriate mathematical models. Although short-circuit modeling is considered to be one of the simplest power system calculations, the exact mathematical description of the phenomena occurring at short-circuits is complex. Simplified normative methods are often used for short-circuit current calculations; however, this does not give ground for a thorough analysis of short-circuit current distribution in power lines. The distributions are analyzed using power line models with different degrees of complexity in line with the assumptions made for a given model. The paper presents the problem of current distribution analysis in high-voltage overhead lines for single-phase faults to the tower structures. Simulation studies were conducted on the models developed for the calculation of short-circuit currents in the high-voltage power line earthing. The objective of the analysis was to assess the validity of simplification assumptions followed by practical recommendations on the applicability of the models.

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12

Galeeva, R. U., A. V. Nazarov, and A. A. Khasanshin. "THE EFFECT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC COUPLING BETWEEN WIRES DOUBLE- CIRCUIT OVERHEAD LINE AND THE GROUND ON TRANSIENTS." Proceedings of the higher educational institutions. ENERGY SECTOR PROBLEMS 21, no. 1-2 (April 11, 2019): 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2019-21-1-2-67-76.

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Abstract. A method is proposed for calculating the initial value of the periodic term of the short- circuit strength of a dual-circuit overhead transmission line using multiphase replacement circuits. The method takes into account the electromagnetic connections between the wires of the dual-circuit overhead line and the ground to transient modes. The calculation model will allow to take into account the influence of the internal properties of the dual-circuit overhead line when calculating the three-phase short-circuit currents at the design stage, which will significantly improve the accuracy of the choice of relay protection settings and line automation. The model was tested in Matlab Simulink.

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13

Ibrahim, Emad S. "Practical Calculations of Electro-Dynamic Stresses on Bus Structures During Short Circuits with Particular Reference to Delta Steel Mill Comp." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 29, no. 1 (January 1992): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072099202900109.

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Practical calculation of electrodynamic stress on bus structures during short circuits with particular reference to Delta Steel Mill Co. A simple, practical method of calculating the mechanical stresses in busbar structures during short circuits is developed and presented. Not only the short circuit current but also the mechanical characteristics of the busbar structures are considered, and the method should be applicable to a wide range of structures and circuit conditions.

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14

Su, Yi Rong, Jie Yu, Jun Liu, Gan Zhou, Li Ping Zhan, and Shuang Hu Wang. "Short-Circuit Current Criterion under Condition of Protection Action in Low Voltage Power Supply System." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 1914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.1914.

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In order to improve the level of automation and security of the low voltage power supply system, this paper proposed the calculation method of short-circuit current criterion under condition of protection action. Firstly, the impact of circuit breakers on the short-circuit current is analyzed. Then, the current criterion under condition of short-circuit protection are given. Finally, using a special case, the calculation process of aforementioned current criterion is given in detail.

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15

Chen, Ping Liang. "Design and Research of Offshore Drilling Platform Electric Power System." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 915–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.915.

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In order to design a reasonable safe power control system and realize the automated management of offshore drilling system, this paper analyzes the electric system features and grid configuration of drilling platform; power station design and short circuit calculation; electrical power system electroplax selection. This system adopts oceanographic engineering software EDSA for construction and parameter input and conducts short-circuit calculation for modeling and simulation. The electric system design and short-circuit calculation can be examined by simulation result and real platform.

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16

Li, Yong Gang, Guo Wei Zhou, Yu Ca Wu, and He Ming Li. "Impact of Rotor Inter-Turn Short-Circuit on Generator Rotor Force." Applied Mechanics and Materials 143-144 (December 2011): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.143-144.125.

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This paper analyzes the calculation method of unbalanced electromagnetic force by rotor winding inter-turn short-circuit fault, analytical calculating method neglects saturation, cogging and other factors, so the calculation accuracy is not high, in order to accurately calculate the magnetic field and the unbalanced electromagnetic force, this paper propose to analyze generator magnetic field by a finite element software Ansys, the obtained magnetic field data are further used to analyze the distributed electromagnetic force and the total force that generator rotor suffered, electromagnetic force distribution law of different slots, different levels of inter-turn short-circuit are got, which provide a basis for further studying the full force on generator rotor.

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17

Simpson, Ronald H. "Multivoltage Short-Circuit Duty Calculation for Industrial Power Systems." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications IA-22, no. 2 (March 1986): 365–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tia.1986.4504727.

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18

Wu, Huaren, Ling Yuan, Lin Sun, and Xiaohui Li. "Modeling of Current-Limiting Circuit Breakers for the Calculation of Short-Circuit Current." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 30, no. 2 (April 2015): 652–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2014.2305166.

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19

Kari, Tusong Jiang, Xi Wang Abuduwayiti, and Ming Ma. "Numerical Calculation of Short Circuit Electromagnetic Force in Isolated Phase Bus." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 944–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.944.

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Short circuit electromagnetic forces are one of the most important factors in design and operation of buses. 2D infinite element models are set up with ANSOFT for isolated phase buses, simulating with transient method and calculating short circuit electromagnetic force taking eddy effect and proximity effect into account. The result reveals that the maximum electromagnetic force under short circuit condition is a periodic function of current phase angle.

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20

Cao, Wei, Cong Ngon Do, Jia Lin Cao, and Jing Sun. "Short-Circuit Current Calculation of a Power System with a Grid-Connected Inverter." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 823–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.823.

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This paper analyzes the difference between conventional power supply and inverter power supply short circuit characteristics, pointing out that the short circuit current does not contain transient DC component. The inverter power supply can be regarded as AC current source with sudden change of current at moment of short-circuit to calculate the current periodic component. The method to calculate the short circuit current of power grid with both conventional rotating generator and inverter power supply is proposed and evaluated.

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21

Filho, Jose Maria Carvalho, Roberto Chouhy Leborgne, Paulo Márcio da Silveira, and Math H. J. Bollen. "Voltage sag index calculation: Comparison between time-domain simulation and short-circuit calculation." Electric Power Systems Research 78, no. 4 (April 2008): 676–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2007.05.017.

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22

Yang, Shan, and Xiangqian Tong. "Integrated Power Flow and Short Circuit Calculation Method for Distribution Network with Inverter Based Distributed Generation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9404951.

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Power flow calculation and short circuit calculation are the basis of theoretical research for distribution network with inverter based distributed generation. The similarity of equivalent model for inverter based distributed generation during normal and fault conditions of distribution network and the differences between power flow and short circuit calculation are analyzed in this paper. Then an integrated power flow and short circuit calculation method for distribution network with inverter based distributed generation is proposed. The proposed method let the inverter based distributed generation be equivalent toIθbus, which makes it suitable to calculate the power flow of distribution network with a current limited inverter based distributed generation. And the low voltage ride through capability of inverter based distributed generation can be considered as well in this paper. Finally, some tests of power flow and short circuit current calculation are performed on a 33-bus distribution network. The calculated results from the proposed method in this paper are contrasted with those by the traditional method and the simulation method, whose results have verified the effectiveness of the integrated method suggested in this paper.

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23

Jia, Haipeng, Jingyuan Yin, Tongzhen Wei, Qunhai Huo, Jinke Li, and Lixin Wu. "Short-Circuit Fault Current Calculation Method for the Multi-Terminal DC Grid Considering the DC Circuit Breaker." Energies 13, no. 6 (March 13, 2020): 1347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13061347.

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The analysis and calculation of the short-circuit fault current in the DC grid is of great significance to the design and configuration of the converter station and DC circuit breaker parameters. The existing flexible DC system not only includes the modular multilevel converter (MMC) converter, but also needs power equipment such as the fault current limiter and DC circuit breaker. Therefore, the system modeling and short circuit calculation of the multi-terminal DC system after adding the DC circuit breaker are also of great significance for the design of DC power system parameters and the grid troubleshooting ability. In this paper, firstly, the parameters of the four-terminal DC system of the modular multilevel converter (MMC) are simplified, and the analytical solution of the short circuit fault current of the multi-terminal DC system is given. Then, the external characteristics of the cascaded hybrid DC circuit breaker are modeled. Based on the equivalent circuit of the fault current in different stages, the short circuit calculation method of four-terminal MMC system with DC circuit breaker is obtained. This method can effectively describe the overall trend of fault current and provide the basis for the configuration of DC line protection settings and DC circuit breaker related parameters.

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24

Zain, Abdul, and Rifki Chairul Afwan. "Analisis Gangguan Arus Hubung Singkat Trafo Distribusi 48-PT-33-7 Menggunakan ETAP (Studi Kasus Di Perumahan PT. Badak NGL)." Jurnal Teknik Mesin Sinergi 17, no. 2 (May 4, 2020): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/sinergi.v17i2.2073.

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The high frequency of short circuit current fault in power grid PT. Badak NGL Bontang in 2017 becomes a serious problem. One of them is the Short Circuit at Distribution Transformer 48-PT-33-7 which resulted in a feeder 48-FDR-33 trip and cut off the power to all connected loads. This research is conducted to know the value of short circuit current fault by manual calculation and compared with the simulation software ETAP 12.6 which made system modeling refers to real network configuration in the field. After that, ETAP conducted simulation and short circuit analysis in transformer 48-PT-33-7. The calculation result is known that the short circuit current value between manual calculation and ETAP simulation is relatively same, ie 553,8 A / 555 A (one phase to ground), 891,47A / 885 A (two phase), 918,16 A / 950 A (two phase to ground), 1029.41 A / 1022 A (three phases). From the simulation also known the coordination sequence of the protection system works properly when the fault occurs. So from these two results indicate that the installed protection system is in accordance with the standard in securing the power grid from short-circuiting current fault.

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25

KSIĄŻKIEWICZ, Andrzej. "Calculation of minimal short-circuit current in parallel arrangement of cables for a three phase short-circuit fault." PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 5 (May 5, 2019): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2019.05.30.

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26

Kosjakow, Aleksiej, and Aleksandr Suhoguzow. "Calculation of two-phase ground fault current with consideration of equipment grounding specifications." AUTOBUSY – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe 19, no. 12 (December 31, 2018): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.435.

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The article describes ways of calculating two-phase ground fault current in electrical networks with isolated neutral for needs of calculating thermal resistance in equipment's grounding elements. Grounding resistance and metal resistance of high-voltage equipment are added to the existing methods of short circuit currents calculation.

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27

Li, Hui Qi, and Qian Ding. "Calculation of Short Circuit Current Based on Equipment Graphics Database." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 1951–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.1951.

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According to the structural characteristics of the electrical one-line diagram at substation, Its proposed that designing the database which stores electrical properties and graphics properties of the equipment in the paper. And an intelligent graphical modeling and automatic implement of main electrical connections are achieved based on the database. By means of the graph database integrated platform, a topology analyzing method based on bus for main electrical connections is presented, which is capable of not only computer graphics processing easily, but also describing accurately and reliably the topological structure of the main electrical connections. Finally the node admittance matrix is generated and the calculation of short circuit current is completed automatically.

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28

Zhou, Niancheng, Fan Ye, Qianggang Wang, Xiaoxuan Lou, and Yuxiang Zhang. "Short-Circuit Calculation in Distribution Networks with Distributed Induction Generators." Energies 9, no. 4 (April 9, 2016): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en9040277.

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29

Brown, J. C., J. Allan, and B. Mellitt. "Calculation of remote short circuit fault currents for DC railways." IEE Proceedings B Electric Power Applications 139, no. 4 (1992): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-b.1992.0034.

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30

Demski, W., and G. Szymanski. "Torque calculation of the asynchronous motor in short-circuit test." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 34, no. 5 (1998): 3536–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.717834.

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31

Liu, Mingyang, Wenxia Pan, Rui Quan, Hongyu Li, Tongchui Liu, and Gang Yang. "A Short-Circuit Calculation Method for DFIG-Based Wind Farms." IEEE Access 6 (2018): 52793–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2867624.

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32

Najdenkoski, Krste, and Dionis Manov. "Electromagnetic forces calculation on power transformer windings under short circuit." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 17, no. 3 (1998): 374–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649810203297.

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33

Lilien, J. L., and K. O. Papailiou. "Calculation of spacer compression for bundle lines under short-circuit." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 15, no. 2 (April 2000): 839–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/61.853028.

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34

Jurković, Mario, and Damir Žarko. "Core-type transformer short-circuit voltage calculation using conformal mapping." IET Electric Power Applications 14, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 2422–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2020.0351.

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35

Liu, Chang, Xiangyu Lv, Li Guo, Lixia Cai, and Kuo Su. "Control Strategy for Power Loss Reduction considering Load Variation with Large Penetration of Distributed Generation." Advances in Electrical Engineering 2017 (February 15, 2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5764054.

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With the increase of penetration of distribution in distribution systems, the problems of power loss increase and short-circuit capacity beyond the rated capacity of the circuit breaker will become more serious. In this paper, a methodology (modified BPSO) is presented for network reconfiguration which is based on the hybrid approach of Tabu search and BPSO algorithms to prevent the local convergence and to decrease the calculation time using double fitness to consider the constraints. Moreover, an average load simulated method (ALS method) considering load variation is proposed such that the average load value is used instead of the actual load for calculation. Finally, from a case study, the results of simulation certify that the approaches will decrease drastically the losses and improve the voltage profiles obviously; at the same time, the short-circuit capacity is also decreased into smaller shut-off capacity of the circuit breaker. The power losses will not be increased too much even if the short-circuit capacity constraint is considered; voltage profiles are better with the constraint of short-circuit capacity considered. The ALS method is simple and the calculation time is fast.

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36

Han, Fang Xu, Yan Li, Xin Sun, and Longnv Li. "Calculation of Leakage Magnetic Field and Short-Circuit Impedance of Power Transformer." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 1767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.1767.

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The leakage magnetic field and equivalent circuit model of OLTC double-winding power transformer has been established by electromagnetic field Finite Element analysis software. The method of field-circuit coupled method has been used to calculate its magnetic field leakage, the short circuit impedance obtained by the calculation of formula and compared with the experimental data. At the same time, based on the calculation method for the Visual Basic language as a tool for MAGNET software for secondary development, obtain the software to calculate the short-circuit impedance of power transformer simulation software, and is verified by using the typical products, proves the validity of this software.

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37

Sobczyk, Tadeusz, and Marcin Jaraczewski. "On Simplified Calculations of Leakage Inductances of Power Transformers." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 21, 2020): 4952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184952.

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This paper deals with the problem of the leakage inductance calculations in power transformers. Commonly, the leakage flux in the air zone is represented by short-circuit inductance, which determines the short-circuit voltage, which is a very important factor for power transformers. That inductance is a good representation of the typical power transformer windings, but it is insufficient for multi-winding ones. This paper presents simple formulae for self- and mutual leakage inductance calculations for an arbitrary pair of windings. It follows from a simple 1D approach to analyzing the stray field using a discrete differential operator, and it was verified by the finite element method (FEM) calculation results.

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38

Calnela, Cilvia, Suyitno, and Imam Arif Raharjo. "ANALISIS HUBUNG SINGKAT PADA GARDU INDUK 150/20 KV (STUDI KASUS DI GARDU INDUK GANDUL, CINERE)." Journal of Electrical Vocational Education and Technology 4, no. 2 (April 22, 2020): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jevet.0042.09.

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This study aims to determine the difference in short circuit current with manual calculation and ETAP 12.60 Simulation in to know the suitability of capacity circuit breaker Substasion 150/20 kV at Gandul. The used method is qualitative descriptive method. The subject that will be studied is short circuit on the substation 150/20 kV Gandul Cinere. The research was conducted by using is manual calculation and software ETAP 12.60 simulation. The results obtained is differences of the short circuit current is not significant between the manual calculation and software ETAP 12.60 simulation in three conditions include 0.572% for the conditions of short circuit fault of one phase to ground, 0.884% for the conditions of short circuit fault of phase to phase and last 0.884% for the short circuit fault of three phase. Furthermore, the result of the calculation of the short circuit current will be used as an indicator of a determinant of the suitability of the capacity circuit breaker substation 150/20 kV at Gandul , obtained that a comparison of the rating circuit breaker installed (existing) is great against the result of the election of the rating circuit breaker base on manual calculation. So it can be concluded that the circuit breaker beinstalled on the substation 150/20 KV at Gandul, has a capacity that suits your needs and still fit for use. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan besar arus hubung singkat antara perhitungan manual dan simulasi ETAP Power Station 12.6 serta untuk mengetahui kesesuaian kapasitas pemutus tenaga GI Gandul 150/20 kV. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah arus hubung singkat pada Gardu Induk 150/20 kV Gandul Cinere. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan perhitungan manual dan simulasi software ETAP Power Station 12.6. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa perbedaan hasil arus hubung singkat yang tidak signifikan antara perhitungan manual dan simulasi software ETAP Power Station 12.6 dalam tiga kondisi meliputi 0.572% untuk kondisi gangguan hubung singkat salah satu fasa ketanah, 0.884% untuk kondisi gangguan arus hubung singkat fasa ke fasa dan terakhir 0.884% untuk gangguan arus hubung singkat tiga fasa. Selanjutnya, hasil perhitungan arus hubung singkat tersebut akan digunakan sebagai indikator penentu kesesuaian kapasitas pemutus PMT (Circuit Breaker) GI Gandul 150/20 kV, diperoleh bahwa perbandingan rating pemutus PMT yang terpasang (existing) lebih besar terhadap hasil pemilihan rating pemutus PMT berdasarkan perhitungan manual. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemutus tenaga yang terpasang pada di GI Gandul 150/20 kV memiliki kapasitas yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan masih layak digunakan.

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39

Serebryakov, Aleksandr S., Vladimir L. Osokin, and Sergey A. Kapustkin. "Two-Phase Short Circuit in the Power Grid Powered by a Transformer with a Y/Δ-11 Winding Connection." Elektrotekhnologii i elektrooborudovanie v APK, no. 3 (September 20, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2658-4859-2020-67-3-25-30.

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The article describes main provisions and relations for calculating short-circuit currents and phase currents in a three-phase traction transformer with a star-triangle-11 connection of windings, which feeds two single-phase loads in AC traction networks with a nominal voltage of 25 kilovolts. These transformers provide power to the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex located along the railway line. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in substantiating theoretical equations for digital intelligent relay protection in two-phase short circuits. (Materials and methods) It was found that since the sum of instantaneous currents in each phase is zero, each phase of the transformer works independently. We found that this significantly simplifies the task of analyzing processes with a two-phase short circuit. In this case, the problem of calculating short-circuit currents in the traction network can be simplified by reducing it to the calculation of an ordinary electric circuit with three unknown currents. (Results and discussion) The article describes equations for calculating short-circuit resistances for one phase of the transformer when connecting the secondary winding as a star or a triangle. The currents in the phases of the transformer winding at short circuit for the star-triangle-11 and star-star-with-ground schemes are compared. It was found that when calculating short-circuit currents, there is no need to convert the secondary winding of the traction transformer from a triangle to a star. (Conclusions) It was found that the results of the research can be used in the transition of relay protection systems from electromagnetic relays to modern high-speed digital devices, which will increase the operational reliability of power supply systems for traction and non-traction power consumers.

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SKRYPNYK, S., and A. SHEINA. "Short circuits currents comparison of 6 (10) kV and 20 kV." Journal of Electrical and power engineering 14, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/2074-2630-2020-1-21-26.

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Most failures in electrical installations are caused by short circuits (short circuits), which occur as a result of a failure in the electrical strength of the insulation of the conductive parts. A short circuit is an electrical connection of two points of an electric circuit with different values of potential, which is not provided by the design of the device, which interferes with its normal operation. Short circuits may result from a failure of the insulation of the current-carrying elements or the mechanical contact of the non- insulated elements. Also called a short circuit is a condition where the load resistance is less than the internal resistance of the power source. The reasons for such violations are various: aging of insulation, breakages of wires of overhead transmission lines, mechanical damages of isolation of cable lines at ground works, lightning strikes in the transmission line and others. Most often, short-circuits occur through transient resistance, such as through the resistance of an electric arc that occurs at the point of damage to the insulation. Sometimes there are metallic short circuits in which the resistance of the electric arc is very small. The study of short circuits in the power grid is a major step in the design of modern electrical networks. The research is conducted using computer software, first by modeling the system and then simulating errors. A malfunction usually leads to an increase in the current flowing in the lines, and failure to provide reliable protection can result in damage to the power unit. Thus, short-circuit calculations are the primary consideration when designing, upgrading, or expanding a power system. The three-phase short circuit is the least likely. However, in many cases, the three-phase short circuit is associated with the most severe consequences, as it causes the highest power imbalances on the shafts of the generators. The study of transients begins with the mode of three-phase closure due to its relative simplicity in comparison with other types of asymmetry. In most cases, the analysis and calculation of the transient regime of the electrical system involves the preparation of a calculated scheme of substitution, in which the parameters of its elements are determined in named or relative units. The electrical substitution circuitry is used to further study the transients in the power system. The definition of electrical and electromagnetic quantities in relative units is widely used in the theory of electric machines. This is because it significantly simplifies the theoretical calculations and gives the results a generalized view in the practical calculations of currents and residual voltages at the short circuit. By the relative value of any value is understood as its relation to another value of the same name, taken as the base. So, before presenting any quantities in relative units, we need to choose the basic units. In the electrical system with increased voltages, the overall load capacity of the network increases, which in turn makes it possible to supply high-quality electrical energy over a greater distance. In the process of comparing the type of transmission lines, it should be noted that the advantages of the cable transmission line. According to the results of the calculation of short-circuit currents, it can be concluded that in networks with a larger line cross-section and a higher voltage, the short-circuit currents are larger. Thus, during the transition of the electric networks to the higher voltage class of 20 kV, the currents of the KZ increased by 43% compared to the 6 kV electric network. This analysis shows that the importance of reliable power supply in the power supply system for high voltage classes must be high and have equipment to prevent emergencies. In the future, it is planned to develop a systematic calculation of short-circuit currents for a number of transmission lines and to conduct mathematical modeling in the system of applications for the study of transient processes at short circuits.

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Majidov, Abdullo Sh, and Yury P. Gusev. "METHOD OF ASYNCHRONOUS ENGINES EQUIVALENCY FOR CALCULATING SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT IN A SYSTEM OF BALANCE-OF-PLANT NEEDS." Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, no. 3 (August 25, 2020): 102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/1810-1909-2020-3-102-115.

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In short-circuiting in power plants of balance-of-power plant needs three-phase asynchronous motors with a short-closed rotor have a significant influence on the nature of the process and the magnitude of the short circuit current. In the system of balance-of-plant needs it is necessary to take into account the components of short circuit current from asynchronous motors when selecting and checking switches, as well as when selecting and checking current-carrying parts (cables, complete current wires, etc.) not only at the initial moment of the short circuit, but at the time of its shutdown as well. The methods for calculating short circuit current taking into account the influence of asynchronous motors continue to be improved; there is a search for new methods that simplify calculations as much as possible while maintaining the credibility of the results. In doing so, some issues require further study and research, such as the possibility of asynchronous motors equivalency. Power plants have to take into account the components of the short circuit current from a large number of asynchronous engines, which is not only time-consuming, but sometimes impossible due to the absence of full information on engines and mechanisms of balance-of-plant needs. To improve the efficiency and accuracy of calculations for power plant design tasks, it is advisable to replace asynchronous engine groups with equivalents. The relevance of improving the method of equivalency of asynchronous engines at power plants increases along with increasing requirements to enhance the reliability of electrical installations of balance-of-power plant needs and to reduce the costs of technical inventory due to calculation errors. The article considers the method for equivalencing the group of low-voltage asynchronous motors on the example of the balance-of-plant needs system at TPP № 1 located in the town of Dushanbe of the Republic of Tajikistan. Modeling the electromechanical processes caused by short circuits of different electrical remoteness was carried out using ETAP software complex (OTI, USA).

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Zheng, Tao, Jiaqin Zhang, Dan Wu, Shaofeng Huang, and Xiaoli Wang. "Cross-voltage short-circuit calculation for mixed-voltage quadruple-circuit lines on the same tower." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 11, no. 9 (June 22, 2017): 2342–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.1808.

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Liu, Kai, and Jing Chen. "Research on Application of ETAP in Ship electric propulsion system." E3S Web of Conferences 252 (2021): 01031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125201031.

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This article takes a ship electric propulsion system as a specific example, using ETAP to establish a simulation model and short-circuit current calculation. Through the calculation results, the coordination setting of the circuit breaker and the comparison with the COMPASS calculation results are carried out, and finally the selective protection and coordination analysis of the power system are completed.

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44

Eleschová, Žaneta, and Marián Ivanič. "Impact of Asymmetry of Over-Head Power Line Parameters on Short-Circuit Currents." TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 5, no. 4 (March 30, 2020): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/tee.2016.4.112.

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<span lang="EN-GB">This paper analyses the impact of asymmetry of over-head power line parameters on short circuit currents when three-phase fault and phase-to-ground fault occur. The calculation results with consideration of an asymmetry of the power line parameters are confronted with the calculation in accordance with the Slovak standard STN EN 60909 which does not consider asymmetry of equipment parameters in the power system. The calculation of short-circuit conditions was carried out for two types of 400 kV power line towers on which is a considerably different arrangement of phase conductors.</span>

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Li, Jing, Tao Zheng, and Zengping Wang. "Short-Circuit Current Calculation and Harmonic Characteristic Analysis for a Doubly-Fed Induction Generator Wind Turbine under Converter Control." Energies 11, no. 9 (September 17, 2018): 2471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092471.

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An accurate calculation of short-circuit current (SCC) is very important for relay protection setting and optimization design of electrical equipment. The short-circuit current for a doubly-fed induction generator wind turbine (DFIG-WT) under excitation regulation of a converter contains the stator current and grid-side converter (GSC) current. The transient characteristics of GSC current are controlled by double closed-loops of the converter and influenced by fluctuations of direct current (DC) bus voltage, which is characterized as high order, multiple variables, and strong coupling, resulting in great difficulty with analysis. Existing studies are mainly focused on the stator current, neglecting or only considering the steady-state short-circuit current of GSC, resulting in errors in the short-circuit calculation of DFIG-WT. This paper constructs a DFIG-WT total current analytical model involving GSC current. Based on Fourier decomposition of switch functions and the frequency domain analytical method, the fluctuation of DC bus voltage is considered and described in detail. With the proposed DFIG-WT short-circuit current analytical model, the generation mechanism and evolution law of harmonic components are revealed quantitatively, especially the second harmonic component, which has a great influence on transformer protection. The accuracies of the theoretical analysis and mathematical model are verified by comparing calculation results with simulation results and low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) field test data of a real DFIG.

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Ding, Zhi Gang, Jing Tian Ge, Wei Cao, Xiao Qing Qi, and Wen Qing Yang. "A Comparison of Short-Circuit Current Decaying Calculation between PSS/E BKDY and Computational Curve." Advanced Materials Research 354-355 (October 2011): 1126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.354-355.1126.

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The calculations of short-circuit current decrement with PSS/E BKDY and computational curve were compared with the one by the dynamic simulation of PSS/E. Calculation shows that the accuracy of the result by PSS/E BKDY is quite good while the one by computational curve is so conservative that it makes larger errors. The reasons for the above results have been analyzed theoretically.

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Tang Yun-Qiu, Qiao Jing-Qiu, and Xu Zi-Hong. "Numerical calculation of short circuit electromagnetic forces on the transformer winding." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 26, no. 2 (March 1990): 1039–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.106498.

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Kunz, M., and G. Herold. "Fast analytical short-circuit current calculation of rectifier-fed auxiliary subsystems." European Transactions on Electrical Power 13, no. 3 (May 2003): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etep.4450130303.

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Knight, G., and H. Sieling. "Comparison of ANSI and IEC 909 short-circuit current calculation procedures." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 29, no. 3 (1993): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.222435.

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Obrenić, Marko Z., Predrag M. Vidović, and Luka V. Strezoski. "A novel intervals-based algorithm for the distribution short-circuit calculation." Electrical Engineering 101, no. 4 (October 18, 2019): 1145–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00202-019-00853-2.

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