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Journal articles on the topic 'Short fibre'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Zhao, Guanghui, Jijia Zhong, and Y. X. Zhang. "Research Progress on Mechanical Properties of Short Carbon Fibre/Epoxy Composites." Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 1 (February 20, 2019): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212797612666181213091233.

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Background: Short carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composites have many advantages such as high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, low cost, short fabrication time and easy manufacturing. Researches on the mechanical performance of the composites are mainly carried out by means of experimental techniques and numerical calculation. Objective: The study aims to report the latest progress in the studies of mechanical properties of short carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composites. Methods: Based on recently published patents and journal papers, the experimental studies of short carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composites are reviewed and the effects of short carbon fibre on the mechanical properties of the composites are discussed. Numerical studies using representative volume element in simulating macroscopic mechanical properties of the short fibre reinforced composites are also reviewed. Finally, future research of short carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composites is proposed. Results: Experimental techniques, experimental results and numerical simulating methods are discussed. Conclusion: Mechanical properties of epoxy can be improved by adding short carbon fibres. Fiber surface treatment and matrix modification are effective in enhancing interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix, and as a result, better mechanical performance is achieved. Compared to the studies on equivalent mechanical properties of the composites, researches on the micro-mechanism of interaction between fiber and matrix are still in infancy due to the complexity of both the internal structure and reinforcing mechanism.
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2

Wang, Peng. "Research on the Design and Use of Structures and Components Made from Fibre Composite Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 782–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.782.

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Fibres composite materials designed as glass fibre, carbon fibre and aramid fibre. They were used for chemical resistance, compressive strength, stiffness, impact resistance, and fire resistance. However, they had a number of limitations, including vandalism, accidental damage, short-term durability, high cost, and suitably qualified staff shortage. These problems could be solved by appropriate monitoring, suitably qualified designers and contractors. The design and use of fibre composite materials has become an important aspect of engineering.
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3

Shibata, Mitsuhiro, Ryutoku Yosomiya, Noritaka Ohta, Atsushi Sakamoto, and Hiroyuku Takeishi. "Poly(∊-Caprolactone) Composites Reinforced with Short Abaca Fibres." Polymers and Polymer Composites 11, no. 5 (July 2003): 359–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110301100502.

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The tensile properties of poly( ∊-caprolactone) (PCL) composites reinforced with short abaca fibres (length ca. 5 mm) prepared by melt mixing and subsequent injection molding were investigated and compared with PCL composites reinforced with glass fibres (GF). The influence of fibre content and surface esterification of the natural fibre on the tensile properties was evaluated. The tensile strength and moduli of all the PCL/abaca composites increased with increasing fibre content. All the PCL/abaca composites had a higher tensile strength than the PCL/GF composites when the fibre weight fraction was the same. The tensile strength of the PCL/abaca composites was improved by surface esterification of the abaca with acetic anhydride or butyric anhydride in the presence of pyridine, because of the increase in the interfacial adhesiveness between the matrix polyester and the esterificated fibre, as is obvious from the SEM photographs.
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4

Haameem, J. A. M., M. S. Abdul Majid, M. Afendi, M. Haslan Fadli, E. A. Helmi, and I. Fahmi. "Tensile and Flexural Strength of Untreated Napier Grass Fibre/Polyester Composites." Materials Science Forum 819 (June 2015): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.819.295.

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This paper describes the experimental investigation of the tensile and flexural strength of untreated Napier grass fibre reinforced polyester composites. Napier grass fibres were extracted trough conventional water retting process and used as reinforcing materials in the polyester composite laminates. Tensile tests were then conducted for the composite specimens from the laminates at 25% fibre loading using the electronic extensometer setup to obtain the tensile properties. The results show significant differences in tensile strength between random short fibres laminates and random long fibrelaminates with the long fibres yield over 30 % higher in strength.Both the short and long fibre composites exhibits similar strength with short fibres having slightly higher flexural strength to long fibres The laminate also shows higher maximum strength compared to other commonly available natural fibre composites with almost 75 % improved in the maximum strength compared to the short kenaf fibre reinforced composites.
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5

Shibata, Mitsuhiro, Retsu Makino, Ryutoku Yosomiya, and Hiroyuku Takeishi. "Poly(Butylene Succinate) Composites Reinforced with Short Sisal Fibres." Polymers and Polymer Composites 9, no. 5 (July 2001): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110100900504.

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Poly(butylene succinate) composites reinforced with short sisal fibre were prepared by melt mixing and subsequent injection moulding. The influence of fibre length, fibre content and the surface treatment of the natural fibres on the mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated. Regarding fibre length, the tensile and flexural properties of the composites had maxima at a fibre length of about 5 mm. The flexural and tensile moduli of the composites increased with increasing fibre content. Although the tensile strength hardly changed, the flexural strength increased up to a fibre content of 10 wt%. The dynamic mechanical analysis of the composites showed that the storage moduli at above ca.-16°C (corresponding to the glass transition temperature of the matrix) increased with increasing fibre content.
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6

Mohan, T. P., and K. Kanny. "Mechanical Properties and Failure Analysis of Short Kenaf Fibre Reinforced Composites Processed by Resin Casting and Vacuum Infusion Methods." Polymers and Polymer Composites 26, no. 2 (February 2018): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739111802600207.

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Modified and unmodified short kenaf fibre reinforced epoxy composites were processed with different short fibre lengths and fibre concentrations by resin casting (RC) and vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARIM) methods. Three types of kenaf fibres were reinforced in epoxy polymer, namely, untreated kenaf fibre, mercerised and nanoclay-infused kenaf fibres. The mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact properties of composites were studied. Nanoclay infused kenaf fibres have shown better tensile, flexural and impact properties than those of untreated and mercerised fibres. The composites processed by VARIM possess improved tensile and flexural properties when compared with RC composites, whereas the impact properties were better in RC composites than those of VARIM processed composites. The results showed that the mechanical properties of composites depend on the short fibre length and fibre concentration, irrespective of the processing conditions. Improved water barrier properties were also obtained in nanoclay-treated banana fibre composites.
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7

Subramanya, Raghavendra, and S. S. Prabhakara. "Surface Modification of Banana Fiber and its Influence on Performance of Biodegradable Banana-Cassava Starch Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 895 (November 2019): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.895.15.

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Natural fibers, in particularly lignocellulosic fibers are attracting material scientists now days, due to their comparative advantages over synthetic fibers. Biodegradable composites reinforced with short banana fibre after alkali treatment along with cassava starch matrix were prepared using the hot compression method. The mechanical properties like tensile strength and impact strength were investigated. Mechanical properties of the composites made from alkali treated fibres were superior to the untreated fibres. SEM observations on the fracture surface of composites showed that the surface modification of the fibre occurred and improved fibre–matrix adhesion. Keywords: Surface modification; banana fiber; Biodegradable composites; Mechanical properties; Matrix.
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8

Kim, Nam Kyeun, Debes Bhattacharyya, and Richard Lin. "Multi-Functional Properties of Wool Fibre Composites." Advanced Materials Research 747 (August 2013): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.747.8.

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Composites sheets based on short wool fibres and polypropylene were fabricated by extrusion process. A three-factor two-level experimental design using Taguchi method was applied in manufacturing the composites to explore the contribution of each parameter on mechanical properties. Fire retardant behaviour of the composites with different fibre weight ratios was investigated by horizontal burning test and cone calorimetric analysis without the addition of any fire retardant agent. Reduction of burning rate with increase in the wool fibre content was observed and suitable formulation of the composites was selected for evaluation of mechanical properties.
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9

Wang, Binhua, Guangzhi Ding, Gang Wang, and Sisi Kang. "Effects of resin pre-coating on interfacial bond strength and toughness of laminar CFRP with and without short aramid fibre toughening." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 25 (May 1, 2020): 3883–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320923391.

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The brittle adhesive layer in carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates was strengthened by using short aramid fibers in this study. To ensure the feasibility and effectiveness of short aramid fiber interfacial toughening at the interface between the carbon-fiber face sheets, the self-prepared short aramid fibre tissue and the wettability treatment technology with resin pre-coating were applied to enable short aramid fibres to be well embedded in the uneven regions in the CFRP fabrics with fibres oriented at 0° and 90° to form a strong pulling resistance. The ultimate load and the mode I interlaminar fracture toughness have been improved by 75% and 103.9% from the double cantilever beam mode I crack propagation tests, respectively. The reinforcing mechanisms within the “composite adhesive layer” as a result of short aramid fibres are discussed together with detailed scanning electron microscopy observations and comparison test results.
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10

de Olveira, Lívia Ávila, Júlio César dos Santos, Túlio Hallak Panzera, Rodrigo Teixeira Santos Freire, Luciano Machado Gomes Vieira, and Juan Carlos Campos Rubio. "Investigations on short coir fibre–reinforced composites via full factorial design." Polymers and Polymer Composites 26, no. 7 (September 2018): 391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967391118806144.

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Over the last few decades, a significant amount of research has been focused on the use of natural fibres as reinforcement in polymers, due to their intrinsic properties such as sustainability, easy availability and processing, biodegradability and moderate mechanical strength. Among natural fibres, coir is a low-cost fibre extracted from coconut palm which is extensively produced in Brazil. A full factorial design was carried out to investigate the effects of the manufacturing and composition parameters on the mechanical and physical properties of short coir fibre–reinforced composites (SCoirFRCs). The random short fibres were mixed with epoxy polymer and compacted by uniaxial pressure. The physical and mechanical responses, namely, apparent density, impact resistance, flexural strength and modulus, were investigated under a design of experiment approach. SCoirFRCs fabricated with 35% of fibre volume fraction, 375 g/m2 of fibre grammage and HY956 epoxy hardener type achieved higher flexural modulus and impact resistance, while those consisting of 30 vol% of coir fibres, HY956 type and 300 g/m2 of grammage revealed higher flexural strength. The findings revealed that the mechanical properties of SCoirFRCs are substantially dominated by the properties of the matrix phase and fibre wettability.
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11

Ruiz, María P., António J. V. Pontes, and Leandro N. Ludueña. "Isolation of hydrodynamic parameters for the fibre length attrition in injection-moulded short-fibre polymer composites." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 40, no. 13-14 (April 7, 2021): 505–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684420983899.

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A comprehensive study of the fibre breakage mechanisms during mould filling in injection moulding of short-fibre polymer composites requires the isolation of the main parameters promoting fibre length attrition. In this work, hydrodynamic parameters such as injection flow rate and residence time in the range of injection moulding were isolated, and their effect on fibre length attrition was studied. Fibre breakage was quantified by means of a capillary rheometer attached to an injection moulding machine minimising fibre-equipment interactions. Fibre breakage increased linearly as a function of injection flow rate in the range of 30–120 cm3.s−1. It was also found that residence time in the order of milliseconds had a significant effect on fibre breakage. The results shown that longer fibres had less breakage probability, which contradicts the buckling failure theory for brittle fibres in a simple shear flow. This result was attributed to the similar rotation period of the fibres in comparison with the test residence times.
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12

Herzog, A., Ulrich Vogt, and G. Woetting. "Short Fibre Reinforced RBSN." Key Engineering Materials 206-213 (December 2001): 923–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.206-213.923.

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13

M. Haameem, J. A., M. S. Abdul Majid, E. A. H. Engku Ubaidillah, Mohd Afendi, R. Daud, and N. A. M. Amin. "Tensile Strength of Untreated Napier Grass Fibre Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.189.

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This paper describes the experimental investigation of the tensile strength of untreated Napier grass fibre reinforced polyester composites. Napier grass fibres were extracted trough conventional water retting process and used as reinforcing materials in the polyester composite laminates. Tensile tests were then conducted for the composite specimens from the laminates at 25% fibre loading using the electronic extensometer setup to obtain the tensile properties. The results show significant differences in tensile strength between random short fibres laminates and random long fibre laminates with the long fibres yield almost 45 % higher in the strength. The laminates also show higher maximum strength compared to other commonly available natural fibre composites with over 70 % increase in the maximum strength compared to the short kenaf fibre reinforced composites.
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14

Martinkovič, Maroš, and Lukáš Likavčan. "Estimation of Fibre Orientation in Injection Moulding Plastics Parts." Materials Science Forum 891 (March 2017): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.891.55.

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Fibre orientation in short fibre reinforced thermoplastics depends on injection moulding parameters. There are a lot of different parameters that must be established and controlled to achieve proper injection moulding of a plastic part. These parameters fall within four major areas: pressure, temperature, time, and distance. The aim of this article is estimation of fibre orientation in injection moulding plastics parts and comparison of these results with numerical simulated ones. Stereological metallography was used for estimation of experimental orientation of fibres. The orientation of simple fibre may be defined by the two angles θ and Φ. In a Short Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic (SFRT) component there are frequently millions of fibres, therefore each individual fibre orientation specifying is very impractical. The fibres orientation in space can be described by the probability distribution function (PDF), Ψ(θ, Φ). Numerical modelling of fibre orientation was realised using MOLDEX3D software. Moldex3D is the CAE product for the plastics injection moulding industry. This software allows to view results of fibre orientation as an orientation of the X direction, Y direction, Z direction, the total orientation and orientation at surface. These first three orientations are relevant for the establishment of second-order orientation tensor. They belong to tensor ́s values a11, a22 and a33. Utilization of stereological metallography for short fibre orientation in plastic matrix is very similar to its utilization for estimation of grain boundaries orientation in polycrystalline alloys cased by plastic deformation. In the case of short glass fibres reinforced thermoplastics it’s structure consist of thermoplastic matrix and reinforcing fibres, which has some preferred orientation in most of cases – the structure is anisotropy. The way of scalar measurement of structure anisotropy is determination of degree of orientation. The anisotropic microstructure is decomposed into isotropic, planar or linear oriented components using stereology methods.
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15

Sapuan, S. M., M. M. Harussani, and Edi Syafri. "A short review of recent engineering applications of natural fibres." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1097, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1097/1/012033.

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Abstract Many researchers and industry players are investigating possible uses of natural fibres in order to raise environmental consciousness, preserve nature, and benefit social economy. In the composite business sector, there are several advantageous natural fibre sources open up for a variety of applications. It is worth noting that the performance of natural fibre-reinforced composites may be customized by natural fibre treatment and hybridization. An equilibrium between environmental consequences and desired performance as well as cost-effectiveness may be accomplished by developing composites depending on the product needs. However, some limitations, including their hydrophilic nature and their tendency to absorb moisture during processing, severely restricts natural fibres’ potential for use as reinforcements in polymer composites. Thus, the key discoveries provided in the extant literature are reviewed in this brief overview, with an emphasis on the qualities of natural fibres and their recent progress in several engineering areas.
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16

Kompiš, Vladimír, and Zuzana Murčinková. "Thermal Properties of Short Fibre Composites Modeled by Meshless Method." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/521030.

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Computational model using continuous source functions along the fibre axis is presented for simulation of temperature/heat flux in composites reinforced by short fibres with large aspect ratio. The aspect ratio of short fibres reinforcing composite material is often as large as 103 : 1–106 : 1, or even larger. 1D continuous source functions enable simulating the interaction of each fibre with the matrix and also with other fibres. The developed method of continuous source functions is a boundary meshless method reducing the problem considerably comparing to other methods like FEM, BEM, meshless methods, or fast multipole BEM formulation.
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17

Tse, Barbara, Xueli Yu, Hugh Gong, and Constantinos Soutis. "Flexural Properties of Wet-Laid Hybrid Nonwoven Recycled Carbon and Flax Fibre Composites in Poly-Lactic Acid Matrix." Aerospace 5, no. 4 (November 15, 2018): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace5040120.

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Recycling carbon fibre is crucial in the reduction of waste from the increasing use of carbon fibre reinforced composites in industry. The reclaimed fibres, however, are usually short and discontinuous as opposed to the continuous virgin carbon fibre. In this work, short recycled carbon fibres (rCF) were mixed with flax and poly-lactic acid (PLA) fibres acting as the matrix to form nonwoven mats through wet-laying. The mats were compression moulded to produce composites with different ratios of rCF and flax fibre in the PLA matrix. Their flexural behaviour was examined through three-point-bending tests, and their morphological properties were characterised with scanning electron and optical microscopes. Experimental data showed that the flexural properties increased with higher rCF content, with the maximum being a flexural modulus of approximately 14 GPa and flexural strength of 203 MPa with a fibre volume fraction of 75% rCF and 25% flax fibre. The intimate mixing of the fibres contributed to a lesser reduction of flexural properties when increasing the flax fibre content.
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18

Sabariman, Bambang. "KUAT TEKAN AKSIAL KOLOM PENDEK TERKEKANG PENAMPANG PERSEGI DIPERKUAT SERAT BAJA." INERSIA: lNformasi dan Ekspose hasil Riset teknik SIpil dan Arsitektur 14, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/inersia.v14i1.19499.

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ABSTRACTConfinement in concrete can increase ductility and compressive strength of the column (P0). While the use of steel fibre can also increase the ductility of concrete. In this study, the steel fibres as an additive in concrete short columns confined, and short columns were given concentric axial loads until they reach collapse. The results showed that the use of steel fibres in concrete can increase P0. The compressive strength (P0) of a confined short column without steel fibre was 52.06 ton to 63 ton, while on a short column with steel fibre was 57.68 ton to 69.28 ton. Those indicated that concrete short columns with steel fibres can increase the compressive strength, but in this study, the effect of the Ast (column longitudinal reinforcement area) has not yet. Keywords: Compressive strength, Confined, Short column, Steel fiber.ABSTRAKKekangan pada beton dapat meningkatkan daktilitas dan kuat tekan kolom (P0), sedangkan pemakaian serat baja (steel fiber) juga dapat meningkatkan daktilitas beton. Dalam penelitian ini serat baja sebagai bahan tambah pada beton kolom pendek terkekang, dan kolom pendek dibebani gaya aksial konsentris sampai mencapai runtuh. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pemakaian serat baja pada beton terkekang dapat lebih meningkatkan P0. Kuat tekan P0 pada kolom pendek terkekang tanpa serat baja didapat 52.06 ton sampai dengan 63 ton, sedang pada kolom pendek terkekang memakai serat baja didapat 57.68 ton sampai dengan 69.28 ton. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kolom pendek beton terkekang dan diperkuat serat baja dapat meningkatkan kuat tekan kolom pendek, tetapi dalam penelitian ini kuat tekan kolom pendek belum mengamati pengaruh pemakaian Ast (luas tulangan longitudinal kolom). Kata kunci: Kuat tekan, Pengekangan, Kolom pendek, Serat baja
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19

Ilgren, E. B. "Coalinga Fibre: A Short-Fibre, Amphibole-Free Chrysotile." Indoor and Built Environment 11, no. 3 (2002): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000064127.

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20

Iigren, E. B. "Coalinga Fibre: A Short-Fibre, Amphibole-Free Chrysotile." Indoor and Built Environment 11, no. 3 (May 2002): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x0201100307.

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21

Lokuge, Weena, Rajab Abousnina, and Nilupa Herath. "Behaviour of geopolymer concrete-filled pultruded GFRP short columns." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 18 (February 26, 2019): 2555–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319833447.

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This research paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the axial compressive behaviour of 24 geopolymer concrete-filled glass fibre-reinforced polymer tubes. The test variables considered are the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete (30 MPa and 35 MPa) and the shape of the cross section (square, circular and rectangular). All the glass fibre-reinforced polymer tubes had the same amount of fibres and similar fibre orientation together with the same aspect ratio. The failure of the square and rectangular columns initiated with the splitting of the corners and resulted in a lower load-carrying capacity compared to the circular columns whose failure was initiated by the crushing of glass fibre-reinforced polymer tube followed by the separation of glass fibre-reinforced polymer tube into strips. It can be concluded that axial load-carrying capacity of square and rectangular sections can be improved by a concrete filler with higher compressive strength. Adopted finite element analysis to simulate the behaviour of the columns is capable of predicting the stress–strain behaviour and the mode of failure.
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22

Amala, Mrs M. "Study on Glass Fibre Concrete Roof Tiles." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 30, 2021): 2864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36240.

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The main objective of the fibre glass in concrete roof tile is to obtain good strength, heat resistant, & water seepage resistant roof tile. To ensure that the roof tile produced plays a role development with minimum cost, and high flexure strength. To draw an analogy between the normal concrete roof tile with glass fibre concrete roof tile. The sizes of short fibres used were 25mm and the glass fibres were alkali resistant. The effect of these short fibres on wet transverse strength, compressive strength and water absorption was carried out.
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23

Lee, Jae-Seol, and Toyohiko Yano. "Effect of Reinforcements on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of SiC Short-Fibre-Reinforced SiC Composites." Advanced Composites Letters 13, no. 4 (July 2004): 096369350401300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350401300403.

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Tyranno SA fibre was higher strength at high temperatures and higher thermal conductivity than that of Hi-Nicalon fibre. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of reinforcements on the mechanical and thermal properties of SiC/SiC composites containing non-coated Tyranno SA short fibres. SiC/SiC composites containing 30 vol.% short fibres were fabricated by tape-casting and hot-pressing at 1650°C–1750°C under a pressure of 40 MPa using an Al2O3-Y2O3-CaO mixture as sintering additives independent of fibre type.
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24

Mikata, Yozo, and Minoru Taya. "Thermal Stress in a Coated Short Fibre Composite." Journal of Applied Mechanics 53, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 681–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3171831.

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When a coated short fibre composite is subjected to temperature change, thermal stresses in and around the coated fibres are induced due to the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients of the constituents, resulting in a possibility of cracking in the coating. The problem of the above thermal stresses in a coated short fibre composite is solved by using the Boussinesq-Sadowsky stress functions. The present results are compared with Eshelby’s solutions for an extreme case and good agreement between the two methods is obtained. A parametric study is then conducted to examine the effect of the geometry and thermo-mechanical properties of the coating on the stress field in and around a coated short fibre. It is found in this study that the stress field in the coating is sensitive to the properties and geometry of the coating.
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25

Jothi Jayakumar, Vikram, and Sivakumar Anandan. "Composite Strain Hardening Properties of High Performance Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete." Advances in Civil Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/363649.

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Hybrid fibres addition in concrete proved to be a promising method to improve the composite mechanical properties of the cementitious system. Fibre combinations involving different fibre lengths and moduli were added in high strength slag based concrete to evaluate the strain hardening properties. Influence of hybrid fibres consisting of steel and polypropylene fibres added in slag based cementitious system (50% CRL) was explored. Effects of hybrid fibre addition at optimum volume fraction of 2% of steel fibres and 0.5% of PP fibres (long and short steel fibre combinations) were observed in improving the postcrack strength properties of concrete. Test results also indicated that the hybrid steel fibre additions in slag based concrete consisting of short steel and polypropylene (PP) fibres exhibited a the highest compressive strength of 48.56 MPa. Comparative analysis on the performance of monofibre concrete consisting of steel and PP fibres had shown lower residual strength compared to hybrid fibre combinations. Hybrid fibres consisting of long steel-PP fibres potentially improved the absolute and residual toughness properties of concrete composite up to a maximum of 94.38% compared to monofibre concrete. In addition, the relative performance levels of different hybrid fibres in improving the matrix strain hardening, postcrack toughness, and residual strength capacity of slag based concretes were evaluated systematically.
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26

Chen, Minjie, Chaoying Wan, Yong Zhang, and Yinxi Zhang. "Fibre Orientation and Mechanical Properties of Short Glass Fibre Reinforced PP Composites." Polymers and Polymer Composites 13, no. 3 (March 2005): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110501300305.

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The fibre orientation and distribution in short glass fibre (SGF) reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites were measured and an orientation function ( f) was introduced to describe the fibre orientation distribution. The fibre orientation distribution in the same level plane depended on the fibre position in an injection-moulded plate. The fibres close to the boundary wall of the injection cavity were parallel to the injection direction and those close to the back wall were perpendicular to the injection direction. A commercial maleic anhydride grafted PP (MAPP) was used as a compatibilizer. With the addition of MAPP, the fibre orientation distribution in PP/SGF/MAPP composites was slightly different from that of PP/SGF, but MAPP improved the interfacial adhesion between SGF and PP and consequently the mechanical properties. The use of SGF increased the tensile strength of the PP composites from 26.5 to 45.9 MPa (73% improvement), and for the PP/MAPP/SGF composite the tensile strength increased further to 55.4 MPa. The effect of SGF on the tensile strength can be expressed by a fibre efficiency factor (λσ). The SGF efficiency factor of PP/MAPP/SGF (0.198) was 45% higher than that of PP/SGF (0.137). The impact strength of PP/MAPP/SGF (64.7 MPa) was not only higher than that of PP/SGF (40.8 MPa) by 59% but also higher than that of PP (48.3 MPa) by 34%.
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27

Fu, Shao-Yun, Yiu-Wing Mai, Bernd Lauke, Guanshui Xu, and Chee-Yoon Yue. "Fracture behavior of short glass fibre and short carbon fibre reinforced polypropylene composites." International Journal of Materials and Product Technology 17, no. 1/2 (2002): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmpt.2002.001303.

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28

Praveenkumar, S., and G. Sankarasubramanian. "Behaviour of High-Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete Composite Short and Slender Columns under Uniaxial Compression." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.510.

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This paper describes the experimental studies carried out on the RC short and slender columns of bagasse ash blended HPC with influence of steel fibre (STF) and polypropylene fibre (PPF)are presented. The concrete was considered for M60 grade as recommended by P.C.Aitcin. The mix included both free steel fibre and polypropylene fibre, and furthermore the hybridization of steel fibre and polypropylene fibre at a total volume fraction of 1.0% by volume of concrete with 10% bagasse ash as a substitution of cement. Behaviour of eleven HPFRCC of each short and slender column with steel fibre, polypropylene fibre and hybrid fibres was examined. The behaviour of each column was assessed and presented with respect to load carrying capacity. The numerical studies were done using ABAQUS 6.9 to validate the experimental results.
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LUSIS, Vitalijs, Andrejs KRASNIKOVS, Olga KONONOVA, Videvuds-Arijs LAPSA, Rimvydas STONYS, Arturs MACANOVSKIS, and Arturs LUKASENOKS. "EFFECT OF SHORT FIBERS ORIENTATION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL – FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 23, no. 8 (November 20, 2017): 1091–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2017.1381643.

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Traditional fiberconcrete structures have fibres in the mix oriented in all spatial directions, distributed in the struc­tural element volume homogenously, what not easy to obtain in practice. In many situations, structurally more effective is the insertion of fibres into the concrete structural element body by forming layers, with a predetermined fibre concentration and orientation in every layer. In the present investigation, layered fibre concrete is under investigation. Short steel fibres were at­tached to flexible warps with the necessary fibres concentration and orientation. Warps were placed into the prismatic mould separating them by concrete layers without fibres. Prisms were matured and tested under four-point bending. The bending-affected mechanical behaviour of cracked fibre concrete was simulated numerically by using a developed struc­tural model. Comparing the simulation results with experimental data, material micromechanical fracture mechanisms were analysed and evaluated.
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KONONOVA, Olga, Andrejs KRASNIKOVS, Rimvydas STONYS, Genadijs SAHMENKO, and Renars VITOLS. "INVESTIGATION OF INFLUENCE OF NANO-REINFORCEMENT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 22, no. 3 (March 24, 2016): 425–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2015.1106578.

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The present work studies the possibility to decrease the formation of micro and nano cracks around short fibres in fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) composite with the help of nano-reinforcement, which is carbon nanotubes, or micro reinforcement, which is carbon short fibres and nano-fillers. Tensile and bending strength of FRC depends on the spatial distribution of fibres inside a material, type of fibre and cement matrix, as well as an effective micromechanical work of each fibre while pulling out of the concrete matrix. Shrinkage stresses, acting in the matrix in the vicinity of a fibre, lead to the formation of micro-cracks. Such micro-cracks were observed experimentally and were investigated numerically performing broad modelling based on the finite element method (FEM). The investigation was focused on the micromechanical behaviour of a single steel fibre in a cement matrix. Numerical modelling results demonstrated a high level of shrinkage overstresses around steel fibres in concrete. The role of nano and micro admixtures, nanotubes, short carbon fibres as well as the role of water/cement ratio in a high performance concrete matrix, changing (increasing or decreasing) the friction force between the matrix and the steel fibre, were investigated experimentally by way of per­forming a single fibre pull-out tests. The high scatters of experimental results were obtained in performed pull-out tests. At the same time, for the same series of samples, a positive role of micro and nano admixtures and carbon nanotubes in the increase of pull-out force was recognised.
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31

Młyniec, A., and T. Uhl. "Modelling and testing of ageing of short fibre reinforced polymer composites." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 1 (September 19, 2011): 16–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211411552.

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A study in accelerated humidity–temperature ageing and it is numerical modelling for short fibre reinforced polymer composites (SFRPC) based on poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) is reported. Authors described experimental results of humidity–temperature ageing of PBT reinforced with glass fibres and proposed a novel computation method of strength and durability analysis for SFRPC parts. Experimental results showed different ageing behaviours, which depend on fibre alignment, e.g. a decrease of Young’s modulus in longitudinal fibre alignment in tension after ageing, an increase of Young’s modulus in transverse direction in tension after ageing, and the increase of the shear modulus and decrease of shear strength after ageing in both directions. Proposed modelling procedure takes the fibre orientation from mould filling analysis as an independent material orientation, using a developed ageing dependent material model, based on tensile, compressive, and shear properties for longitudinal and transverse fibre alignments, and calculates failure criteria as a function of the ageing time and fibre alignment. An innovative approach is to create a fibre alignment dependent material ageing model which takes into account changes of material properties depending on the direction of the reinforcement. This methodology was extended to arbitrary models and validated on real parts made of SFRPC.
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Papathanasiou, T. D. "A Micro-mechanical Investigation of Empirical Models for the Effective Properties of Aligned Short-Fibre Composites." Advanced Composites Letters 4, no. 1 (January 1995): 096369359500400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369359500400101.

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The predictions of the Halpin equation concerning the effect of fibre volume fraction and fibre aspect ratio on the effective tensile modulus of uniaxially aligned short-fibre composites are compared with computational experiments on three-dimensional, multiparticle composite samples. The method of boundary elements is used to model the mechanical behaviour of composite specimens consisting of up to 40 discrete aligned fibres randomly dispersed in an elastic matrix. Statistical averages of computational results relating the effective tensile modulus to the aspect ratio and volume fraction of the fibres are found to agree very well with the predictions of the Halpin equation for fibre aspect ratio up to 10 and fibre volume fractions up to 20%. Computational results seem to indicate that the predictions of the Halpin equation fall bellow those of micro-mechanical models at higher volume fractions.
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33

Soete, Karen, Frederik Desplentere, Stepan V. Lomov, and Dirk Vandepitte. "Variability of flax fibre morphology and mechanical properties in injection moulded short straw flax fibre-reinforced PP composites." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 23 (December 13, 2016): 3337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316683781.

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The influence of compounding and injection moulding on the initial variability and morphology of short straw flax fibres is determined and the mechanical properties for the injection moulded fibre reinforced composites are measured. It is found that the composition of the straw flax, flax fibre bundles and woody parts, together with the cutting process strongly affects the initial fibre morphology and its variability. In the initial fibres, small particles as well as long fibres with large width were found. A filter was used to reject the fibres with an aspect ratio below 15 before calculating statistics because these fibres have a negligible contribution to the composite reinforcement. After processing, the initial fibre length and width decrease strongly (−38% to −66% for length and −22% to −72% for width). Also, the variability is affected resulting in a standard deviation shifted towards lower fibre lengths and widths (−55% for length and −71% for width). The improvement of mechanical properties of the flax compound compared to the pure matrix material for the injection-moulded samples is found to be similar to the results for compounds with further processed flax fibres such as scutched and hackled fibres. An increase of tensile strength by 20% was found, for stiffness the increase is in the order of 50–70%. This indicates that despite the very large variability of the initial straw flax fibres and the strong changes of the variability in each processing step, a compound is obtained with improved mechanical properties.
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34

Ahmad, Husam, Jonas Stiller, Erik Päßler, Daisy Nestler, Guntram Wagner, and Lothar Kroll. "Influence of Initial Fibre Length and Content Used in the Injection Moulding of CFRP on the Properties of C/C and C/C-SiC Composites." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.171.

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The production of C/C-SiC composites comprises a three-stage process: forming (CFRP-composite), pyrolysis (C/C-composite) and liquid silicon infiltration (C/C-SiC). A new promising approach for the manufacturing of CFRP intermediate composites is the injection moulding of customised granulates (novolac resin, hardener, processing additives and short carbon fibre) produced by compounding technique. To date, a direct dosing of short carbon fibre into the compounder was technically not realisable due to fibre separation and electrostatic charging in the hopper. A possible substitute solution has been the direct feeding of a carbon fibre bundle from a roving into the compounder. However, this is associated with a severe damage of the fibres and an inaccurate adjustment of the fibres content. In the present article, new chopped carbon fibres provided with an adapted sizing to be directly dosed into the compounder are used. The fibres possess a predefined length of 3 and 6 mm and their content amounts to 50 and 58 wt.%. The influence of the initial fibre length and fibre content on the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting CFRP-, C/C-and C/C-SiC-composites is presented and discussed. In addition, the impact of fibre feeding procedure at the compounding stage on the microstructure is considered
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35

Masood, Ammara, Nadia Iqbal, and Hira Mubeen. "Review A Short Review of Promoters of Cotton Fibre Genes: Strength and Tissue Specificity." Biological Sciences - PJSIR 63, no. 2 (July 15, 2020): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.63.2.2020.127.131.

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Promoters are of great importance for controlling gene expression. There are various regulatory regions within promoters which are crucial for expression specificity. Depending upon mode of expression, promoters can be divided into constitutive, tissue/developmental stage specific or inducible promoters. For expression of certain gene, there is interplay of cis acting element located on promoter and transcription factors. Cotton fibre promoters are of great importance in biotechnology as these may be used to express fibre genes in cotton fibres specifically. Although most of cotton fibre gene promoters show expression in fibres but some of them also exhibit expression in various other organs like trichomes, pedicles and vascular tissues. Due to difficulties in somatic embryogenesis in cotton, these promoters are mostly studied in heterologous systems like Arabidopsis and tobacco. In this article, expression pattern of some cotton fibre genes promoters have been reviewed.
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36

Smarzewski, Piotr. "Flexural Toughness of High-Performance Concrete with Basalt and Polypropylene Short Fibres." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (September 25, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5024353.

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In this work, an investigation is made to evaluate the flexural toughness of hybrid fibre-reinforced high-performance concrete (HPC) containing different combinations of basalt (B) and polypropylene (P) fibres. The experimental studies consisted of the three-point flexural tests on notched beam specimens. The specimens incorporated basalt/polypropylene (BP) fibres in 11 mixtures with proportions of 0/0, 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100% by volume at total volume fractions of 1 and 2%. The evaluation of the experimental results was done according to the CECS 13:2009 and PCS (postcrack strength) methods. The results indicate that high-performance concrete containing basalt/polypropylene fibre mixtures of 50/50% and with only polypropylene fibre content of 0/100% can be pronounced as the most appropriate combinations to be used in high-performance concrete for flexural toughness.
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37

Stolen, R. H., W. Pleibel, J. R. Simpson, W. A. Reed, and G. Mitchell. "Short W-tunnelling fibre polarisers." Electronics Letters 24, no. 9 (1988): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19880354.

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38

Kavecký, Š., and P. Šebo. "Short aluminosilicate fibre reinforced aluminium." Journal of Materials Science 31, no. 3 (February 1996): 757–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00367896.

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39

Eberhardt, Colin, Ashley Clarke, Michel Vincent, Thomas Giroud, and Sylvain Flouret. "Fibre-orientation measurements in short-glass-fibre composites—II." Composites Science and Technology 61, no. 13 (October 2001): 1961–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-3538(01)00106-3.

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40

Vaxman, A., M. Narkis, A. Siegmann, and S. Kenig. "Fibre orientation and rheology in short fibre reinforced thermoplastics." Journal of Materials Science Letters 7, no. 1 (January 1988): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01729905.

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41

O'Connell, P. A., and R. A. Duckett. "Measurements of fibre orientation in short-fibre-reinforced thermoplastics." Composites Science and Technology 42, no. 4 (January 1991): 329–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-3538(91)90061-s.

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42

Franzén, B., C. Klason, J. Kubát, and T. Kitano. "Fibre degradation during processing of short fibre reinforced thermoplastics." Composites 20, no. 1 (January 1989): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4361(89)90684-8.

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43

POTUCEK, FRANTIŠEK, MOSTAFIZUR RAHMAN, and JOZEF MIKLÍK. "DISPLACEMENT WASHING OF KRAFT PULP WITH VARIOUS CONSISTENCY." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 54, no. 9-10 (November 11, 2020): 943–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2020.54.91.

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The paper deals with the displacement washing of kraft softwood and hardwood pulps with various consistency of the pulp fibre bed. The results obtained revealed differences between the two types of kraft pulp with various morphological properties of fibres. The washing efficiency decreased with decreasing Péclet number for both kraft pulps, but, due to lower longitudinal dispersion of the wash liquid, greater washing efficiency was achieved for the short-fibred hardwood pulp. On the other hand, the long-fibred softwood pulp exhibited lower hydraulic resistance of the pulp fibre bed. The change in pulp consistency and, similarly, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient, characterising the rate of leaching of alkali lignin from pulp fibres, did not have a significant effect on the washing efficiency. However, the mass transfer coefficient decreased with increasing specific resistance of the pulp bed. With increasing bed consistency of both softwood and hardwood pulps, as the amount of black liquor in the inter-fibre pores decreased, the difference between the space time, characterising the holding time of wash liquid, and the mean residence time of alkali lignin increased.
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44

Arm, Richard, Arash Shahidi, and Tilak Dias. "Mechanical Behaviour of Silicone Membranes Saturated with Short Strand, Loose Polyester Fibres for Prosthetic and Rehabilitative Surrogate Skin Applications." Materials 12, no. 22 (November 6, 2019): 3647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223647.

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Silicone-based elastomers saturated with embedded, short-strand fibres are used for their ability to mimic the aesthetic qualities of skin in clinical and theatrical maxillofacial appliance design. Well-known to prostheses fabricators and technicians, the mechanical impact of fibre addition on elastomeric behaviour endures as tacit, embodied knowledge of the craft, almost unknown in the literature. To examine mechanical changes caused by fibre addition, 100 modified polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomeric compounds containing incremental amounts of loose polyester fibres were prepared and examined in a variety of mechanical tests. It was found that elasticity and strain percentage at breaking point was reduced by increasing fibre content, but Young’s modulus and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased. As fibre content was increased, strain hardening was seen at low strain rates, but exaggerated plastic deformation at high strain rates. PDMS hardness increased by 5 degrees of hardness (Shore-00 scale) for every additional percentage of fibres added and a strong positive linear coefficient (0.993 and 0.995) was identified to reach the hardness values given in the literature for living human skin. The apparent reorienting of loose fibres in the PDMS interrupts and absorbs stress during the loading process similar to the organic response to soft tissue loading, except in extension.
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45

Banthia, N., and A. J. Boyd. "Sprayed fibre-reinforced polymers for repairs." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 27, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): 907–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l00-027.

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The use of fibre-reinforced polymers for repair and retrofit is growing at an unprecedented rate. This technique has been used for strengthening and rehabilitation of columns, beams, masonry, joints, etc. and has also found significant suitability for seismic applications. All research to date has focused, however, on wraps and jackets with continuous, unidirectional fibres. Within the auspices of Network of Centers of Excellence on Intelligent Sensing for Innovative Structures (ISIS) program, an entirely new method of fibre reinforced polymer coating is being developed. In this method, the composite with short, randomly distributed fibres is sprayed on the surface of concrete to be repaired. Composite gets pneumatically compacted on the application surface and develops a strong bond with concrete during the hardening process. In this paper, the effectiveness of the spray technique is compared with wraps carrying continuous fibres when applied to concrete cylinders under compression. To assess size effects, a companion test series involving larger cylinders was carried out. It was found that sprayed composites with randomly distributed short fibres performed equally well as or even better than wraps with continuous fibres. Within the continuous fibre wraps, those with a 0-90° fibre orientation are far more effective than those with a ±45° orientation.Key words: concrete, repair, glass fibre, polymer matrix, spray, wraps, deformability, size effects.
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46

Suresh, Harsha, Jerry Zhou, and Vincent Ho. "The Short-Term Effects and Tolerability of Low-Viscosity Soluble Fibre on Gastroparesis Patients: A Pilot Clinical Intervention Study." Nutrients 13, no. 12 (November 28, 2021): 4298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13124298.

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Gastroparesis is a motility disorder that causes severe gastric symptoms and delayed gastric emptying, where the majority of sufferers are females (80%), with 29% of sufferers also diagnosed with Type-1 or Type-2 diabetes. Current clinical recommendations involve stringent dietary restriction and includes the avoidance and minimization of dietary fibre. Dietary fibre lowers the glycaemic index of food, reduces inflammation and provides laxation. Lack of dietary fibre in the diet can affect long-term gastrointestinal health. Our previously published rheological study demonstrated that “low-viscosity” soluble fibres could be a potentially tolerable source of fibre for the gastroparetic population. A randomised controlled crossover pilot clinical study was designed to compare Partially-hydrolysed guar gum or PHGG (test fibre 1), gum Arabic (test fibre 2), psyllium husk (positive control) and water (negative control) in mild-to-moderate symptomatic gastroparesis patients (requiring no enteral tube feeding). The principal aim of the study was to determine the short-term physiological effects and tolerability of the test fibres. In n = 10 female participants, post-prandial blood glucose, gastroparesis symptoms, and breath test measurements were recorded. Normalized clinical data revealed that test fibres PHGG and gum Arabic were able to regulate blood glucose comparable to psyllium husk, while causing far fewer symptoms, equivalent to negative control. The test fibres did not greatly delay mouth-to-caecum transit, though more data is needed. The study data looks promising, and a longer-term study investigating these test fibres is being planned.
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47

Dan-mallam, Yakubu, Mohamad Zaki Abdullah, and Puteri Sri Melor Megat Yusoff. "Mechanical Properties of Short and Continuous Kenaf/Pet Fibre Reinforced Polyoxymethylene Composite." Advanced Composites Letters 24, no. 4 (July 2015): 096369351502400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369351502400404.

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The challenges of improving the mechanical properties of natural fibre composites cannot be over emphasized due to fibre geometry, poor fiber distribution in the matrix, the hydrophilic nature of natural fibers and poor fibre–matrix interfacial adhesion. The primary objective of this research is to study the influence of fibre length on mechanical properties of kenaf/PET fibre reinforced POM and to study the effect of hybridization on mechanical properties of the composites. The composites were produced by compression molding and subsequently subjected to tensile, flexural and impact tests according to their respective ASTM standards. The tensile strength of short POM/kenaf/PET (80/10/10) hybrid composite dropped by approximately 33% from 61.8 MPa to 41.3 MPa compared to neat POM. However, the tensile strength of continuous POM/kenaf composites increased significantly by approximately 127% and 107% for 70/30 and 80/20 compositions compared to neat POM. The flexural moduli of short POM/kenaf/PET (70/15/15) hybrid composite and continuous POM/kenaf (70/30) composite improved by approximately 41% and 29%, respectively. The impact strength substantially increased by nearly 161% in continuous POM/kenaf/PET (70/15/15) hybrid composite and 30% in POM/kenaf (80/20) composite. The results show that tensile, flexural and impact properties of the continuous POM/kenaf composites are superior to the short fiber composites, and the influence of hybridization, made a positive impact by enhancing the flexural and impact properties of the composites.
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48

Saefkow, Martin, Matthias List, Andreas Schubert, Andreas Lohmüller, and Robert F. Singer. "Continuous Powder Extrusion for Fabrication of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Aluminium." Key Engineering Materials 742 (July 2017): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.742.158.

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Short fibre reinforced aluminium was produced using the Temconex® process which is a continuous extrusion using a mixture of metal powder and ceramic short fibre as feedstock. The Temconex® process was derived and further developed from the ConformTM process which uses metal rod rather than powder as feedstock. In the present paper the effect of the prechamber length on the mechanical properties was examined. As material Al99.7 powder with different volume fractions of milled carbon fibres was used. Distribution, orientation and geometry of the embedded fibres were examined using light microscopy. The mechanical properties were determined via tensile testing and resonance frequency analysis. An important increase of the Young’s modulus is observed because of the introduction of fibres. It can be rationalized based on Clyne’s Shear Lag model. Results show that an extension of the prechamber enhances the Young’s modulus and the elongation of fracture due to reduced fibre fracture and better fibre alignment.
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49

Mashshay, Safaa, and Adnan Al-Sibahya. "Structural Behavior of Novel ECC Short Columns Subjected to Eccentric Loading." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v13i1.647.

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This study was undertaken in order to investigate the structural behaviour of novel Engineering Cementitious Composites (ECC) columns subjected to eccentric loading. These columns were experimentally formulated using a hybridization of steel and polypropylene fibres. Two ratios were adopted for the steel fibres of 0.5% and 1%, whilst the polypropylene fibre was kept to be constant at a ratio of 0.5% for all of the ECC columns. The eccentric loads were applied at two eccentricities: small (h/6) and large (5h/12). A comparison was also made with the behaviour of self-compacting concrete and traditional ECC columns containing either steel or polypropylene fibres. The vertical and lateral deformations as well as the maximum load at failure were noted. The results obtained showed that the hybrid ECC columns exhibited higher load carrying capacities when compared with those of both self-compacting concrete and traditional ECC columns. The percentage increase was 30%. The hybrid ECC column samples containing 1% steel fibre did not show a signification difference in the load-deformation behaviour when it compared with that containing 0.5% steel fibre. The values of eccentricity governed the global behaviour of the tested columns. The predicated load carrying capacity of the ECC columns needs a magnification factor in case of concentric test, and to take into account the existence of fibres ratio when calculating the area of steel reinforcement for eccentric loading.
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50

Elbadry, Elsayed A., GA Abdalla, M. Aboraia, and EA Oraby. "Notch sensitivity of short and 2D plain woven glass fibres reinforced with different polymer matrix composites." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 36, no. 15 (April 7, 2017): 1092–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684417702529.

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This research article investigated the notch sensitivity of two different glass fibre architectures, namely short and 2D plain-woven glass fibres reinforced with unsaturated polyester and epoxy matrix composites fabricated by the hand lay-up technique. This was carried out through open hole tension tests at different ratios of the specimen hole diameter to the specimen with three different values (0.1, 0.2, 0.5) compared to the unnotched specimen. The notch sensitivity of these composites was evaluated using the residual tensile strength by the application of Whitney–Nuismer Mathematical Model. The results showed that by using polyester matrix, the notch sensitivity of composites reinforced with plain-woven glass fibre is higher than that of short glass fibre at different D/W ratios. On the other hand, on testing epoxy matrixes, the notch sensitivity of composites reinforced with plain-woven glass fibre is lower than that of short glass fibre at different D/W ratios.
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