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Journal articles on the topic 'Short-term source'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Ejaz, A., and P. Polak. "Short term momentum profits and their source: a business indicators’ approach." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 59, No. 12 (December 5, 2013): 563–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/50/2013-agricecon.

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The main objective of the paper is to seek the source that can explain the momentum profits because the source of momentum profits has been disputed. The secondary objective of the paper is to affirm the findings of the author about the presence of the short term momentum effect and to reaffirm the notion that CAPM cannot explain the momentum profits supported by a large number of authors. For the primary objective, a set of variables has been chosen, that fall under the category of “Business Indicators”, to explain the momentum profits. It is found that a variable “Starting a Business” could explain the source of the momentum profits whereas other variables may have a negligible or no influence over the momentum profits. It is also reaffirmed that a short term momentum effect has been found in 14 stock markets and the CAPM could not explain the momentum profits. This study is not conclusive due to the limitation of data but it does give a source of the momentum profits and it sheds light on the future research about the sources that can explain momentum profits in a great detail.

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2

Voleysho, Vladislav. "Short-term earthquake forecast." Russian Journal of Seismology 3, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35540/2686-7907.2021.1.06.

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In the manuscript, a tectonomagnetic model of forming the source zone of a strong earthquake is presented from the position of the electromagnetic field of Earth. The model is based on the idea of magnetic interaction between geological blocks screening, when the bond to each other by adhesion, a flux of abyssal fluids with the formation of a seismogenic structure. The source zone of strong earthquakes formed inside the seismogenic structure is followed by the development of an anomalous electromagnetic field. The existence of the deterministic cause-and-effect relationship between anomalous electromagnetic field inside the formed earthquake source and a change in atmospheric pressure determines the possibilities of conducting short-term prediction of time, place, and force of the earthquake. Registration of the earthquake source zone by barometric method during hydrogeodynamic monitoring makes it possible to make short-term predictions of it by time, place, and force. The substantiation and examples are given for short-term prediction of time, geographical location, and force of strong earthquakes in basic seismically active regions of Russia.

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3

Wadden, Richard A., Itsushi Uno, and Shinji Wakamatsu. "Source discrimination of short-term hydrocarbon samples measured aloft." Environmental Science & Technology 20, no. 5 (May 1986): 473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00147a006.

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4

Ozlanski, Michael, and Emma Marie Fleck. "Kabbage: an innovative source of short-term business loans." CASE Journal 14, no. 6 (November 12, 2018): 716–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-03-2018-0042.

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Synopsis New entrepreneurial businesses are one of the key drivers of innovation and economic development. However, one of their greatest obstacles is accessing capital, especially since they are often initially unprofitable and lack tangible assets in the first few years of operation. Since debt financing from banks can be difficult for them to obtain, their capacity for growth can be limited. This case introduces students to Kabbage, a company that reduced the barriers associated with start-up and microbusiness lending by using a fully automated, data-driven platform. Kabbage made instant decisions on whether these businesses should qualify for a line of credit by reviewing its clients’ electronic data, analyzed quickly and accurately using specific algorithms. Research methodology Given the applied nature of the case, the data were gleaned from a wide range of secondary sources, specifically popular business press which was verified for authenticity. Relevant courses and levels This case can be used in a variety of undergraduate courses. Some course examples include small business management, introduction to entrepreneurship or entrepreneurial finance.

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Buła, Dawid, Dariusz Grabowski, Andrzej Lange, Marcin Maciążek, and Marian Pasko. "Long- and Short-Term Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Sources." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 13, 2020): 3610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143610.

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Network working conditions are influenced noticeably by the connection of renewable energy sources to distribution networks. This becomes more and more important due to the increase in renewable energy source penetration over the last few years. This in turn can lead to a mass effect. As a result, the classical open network model with simple unidirectional direction of energy flow has been replaced with an active model that includes many local energy sources. This paper deals with the analysis of long- and short-term changes in power and energy generated by three types of renewable energy sources with similar rated power and which operate in the same region (i.e., located no more than tens of kilometers away). The obtained results can be a starting point for a broader evaluation of the influence of renewable energy sources on power quality in power systems, which can be both positive (supply reliability) and negative (voltage fluctuations and higher harmonics in current and voltage waveforms). It is important not only to correctly place but also to assure the diversity of such sources as it has been confirmed by the source variability coefficient. The long-term analysis allows us also to estimate the annual repeatability of energy production and, furthermore, the profitability of investment in renewable sources in a given region.

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6

Miah, MY, MR Das, and J. Hassan. "Short Term Red Amaranth Growth With Urea as N Source." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 6, no. 1 (February 10, 2015): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22047.

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The study was conducted at the farm of Banghobondhu Shekh Mogibur Rahman Agriculture University, Gazipur during the period of November to December, 2010 to enhance the production of red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor cv: BARI lal shak 1) through the improvement of growth and yield of red amaranth by optimizing the appropriate levels of nitrogen fertilizer. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) comprising six treatments with four replication each. The treatment combinations were T0 (0 kg N ha-1), T1 (50 kg N ha-1), T2 (75 kg N ha-1), T3 (100 kg N ha-1), T4 (125 kg N ha-1) and T5 (150 kg N ha-1), respectively. Amounts of N, P, K and S applied from urea, TSP, MOP and gypsum were 68, 23, 17 and 4 kg ha-1, respectively. Data on plant height, leaf number, root-shoot growth and dry weight along with yield and BCR (benefit cost ratio) indicated that urea applied at the rate of 150 kg N ha-1 had a significant (p<0.01) effect on the short term growth and yield of red amaranth.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22047 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 99-102 2013

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7

Fuchs, Susanne, Laura L. Koenig, and Caterina Petrone. "Exploring the source of short-term variations in respiratory data." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 145, no. 1 (January 2019): EL66—EL71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5087272.

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8

Drivas, Peter J., Peter A. Valberg, Brian L. Murphy, and Richard Wilson. "Modeling Indoor Air Exposure from Short-Term Point Source Releases." Indoor Air 6, no. 4 (December 1996): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.1996.00006.x.

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9

Fuchs, Susanne, and Laura L. Koenig. "Exploring the source of short-term variations in respiratory data." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 142, no. 4 (October 2017): 2584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5014457.

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10

Ohnaka, Mitiyasu. "Earthquake source nucleation: A physical model for short-term precursors." Tectonophysics 211, no. 1-4 (September 1992): 149–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(92)90057-d.

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11

Jiang, Liang, Zujie Wen, Zhongping Liang, Yafang Wang, Gerard De Melo, Zhe Li, Liangzhuang Ma, Jiaxing Zhang, Xiaolong Li, and Yuan Qi. "Long Short-Term Sample Distillation." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 04 (April 3, 2020): 4345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i04.5859.

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In the past decade, there has been substantial progress at training increasingly deep neural networks. Recent advances within the teacher–student training paradigm have established that information about past training updates show promise as a source of guidance during subsequent training steps. Based on this notion, in this paper, we propose Long Short-Term Sample Distillation, a novel training policy that simultaneously leverages multiple phases of the previous training process to guide the later training updates to a neural network, while efficiently proceeding in just one single generation pass. With Long Short-Term Sample Distillation, the supervision signal for each sample is decomposed into two parts: a long-term signal and a short-term one. The long-term teacher draws on snapshots from several epochs ago in order to provide steadfast guidance and to guarantee teacher–student differences, while the short-term one yields more up-to-date cues with the goal of enabling higher-quality updates. Moreover, the teachers for each sample are unique, such that, overall, the model learns from a very diverse set of teachers. Comprehensive experimental results across a range of vision and NLP tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of this new training method.

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12

Hrabina, J., J. Lazar, M. Holá, and O. Číp. "Investigation of Short-term Amplitude and Frequency Fluctuations of Lasers for Interferometry." Measurement Science Review 13, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2013-0014.

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One of the limiting factors of accuracy and resolution in laser interferometry is represented by noise properties of the laser powering the interferometer. Amplitude and especially frequency fluctuations of the laser source are crucial in precision distance measurement. Sufficiently high long-term frequency stability of the laser source must be achieved especially in applications in fundamental metrology. Furthermore, the short-term frequency variations are also important primarily for measurements done at high acquisition speeds. This contribution presents practical results of measurements of short-term amplitude and frequency noises of a set of laser sources commonly used in laser interferometry. The influence of the interferometer design and electrical parameters of the detection system are also discussed.

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13

Tsutsumi, T., T. Kawabata, A. Miyazaki, and M. Tsuboi. "Short-Term Variability of Sagittarius A* at Millimeter Wavelengths." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 164 (1998): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100045231.

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AbstractWe present preliminary results from the observations of the Galactic Center compact source, Sgr A* at 3 and 2 millimeter wavelengths using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array to monitor flux density variations on timescales shorter than a month. Such high spatial resolution observations at millimeter wavelengths are important to shed more light on the origin of the variability and the nature of this compact source. Our observations indicate the flux density varies at least by ~30% in one to two weeks at 3 mm.

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Beaulieu, Jean, and André Rainville. "Adaptation to climate change: Genetic variation is both a short- and a long-term solution." Forestry Chronicle 81, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 704–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc81704-5.

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We propose a methodology combining a biophysical site index model and a seed source transfer model based on both temperature and precipitation to estimate white spruce plantation yield under present and future global warming conditions. The biophysical site index model predicts dominant height at 25 years, which is further used to estimate plantation yield using yield tables. The transfer model shows that, on average, seed sources are best adapted to the temperature conditions where they presently grow, and give maximum yield under these conditions. However, this model also shows that transfer of seed sources to drier sites could improve plantation yield. To predict site index values under climate change conditions, values obtained from the biophysical site index model are corrected by a factor estimated using the seed source transfer model. Our simulation results predict that global warming should favour a slight increase in white spruce plantation yield in southern Québec. However, one cannot expect to obtain similar yields from a seed source rapidly exposed to warmer conditions compared with a seed source that is presently growing under climatic conditions to which it has become adapted. It would take several generations (adaptation lag) for a seed source to adapt to warmer conditions. We believe that the method we propose will be helpful in identifying the most productive seed source to be used at any given location in the province, and in revising seed source transfer rules. Key words: climate change, white spruce, provenance test, transfer model, site index, adaptation, plantation, GIS

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15

TAMURA, Hitoshi, William M. DRENNAN, Erik SAHLEE, and Hans C. GRABER. "Spectral form and source term balance of short gravity wind waves." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B2 (Coastal Engineering) 70, no. 2 (2014): I_111—I_115. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/kaigan.70.i_111.

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16

Kagan, Y. Y. "Short-Term Properties of Earthquake Catalogs and Models of Earthquake Source." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 94, no. 4 (August 1, 2004): 1207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/012003098.

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17

Tamura, Hitoshi, William M. Drennan, Erik Sahlée, and Hans C. Graber. "Spectral form and source term balance of short gravity wind waves." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 119, no. 11 (November 2014): 7406–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014jc009869.

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18

Sun, Yong, Zhenyuan Li, Xinnan Yu, Baoju Li, and Mao Yang. "Research on Ultra-Short-Term Wind Power Prediction Considering Source Relevance." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 147703–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.3012306.

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19

Berger, L., C. Drews, A. Taut, and R. F. Wimmer-Schweingruber. "Short-term variability of inner-source pickup ions at 1 AU." Astronomy & Astrophysics 576 (March 27, 2015): A54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201425116.

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20

Al-Sudairawi, M., and K. P. MacKay. "Evaluating the performance of the industrial source complex — (short term) model." Environmental Software 3, no. 4 (December 1988): 180–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-9838(88)90032-9.

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21

Nie, Qinghui, Jingxin Xia, Zhendong Qian, Chengchuan An, and Qinghua Cui. "Use of Multisensor Data in Reliable Short-Term Travel Time Forecasting for Urban Roads." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2526, no. 1 (January 2015): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2526-07.

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As multiple traffic data sources have become available recently, a new opportunity has been provided for improving the accuracy of short-term travel time forecasting by fusing different but valid data sources. However, previous studies seldom quantified and integrated the reliability of data sources into model development to achieve the potential promised by data fusion. This paper proposes a combined method for short-term travel time forecasting for urban road links that uses travel time extracted from fixed vehicle detectors and probe vehicle data. The method uses the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity model to forecast the mean and variance of each type of travel time data source, and the Dempster–Shafer model is used to calculate the fusion weights iteratively. Real-world data collected on urban roads in Kunshan, China, were used to validate and evaluate the proposed method. Empirical results show that the proposed method can effectively capture the variance of each type of travel time data source for iteratively calculating the fusion weights and hence can produce accurate travel time forecasts. Moreover, through a comparison with the alternative methods, the proposed method is shown to be able to consistently generate improved performance under varying traffic conditions.

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22

Henne, Donald C., and Seth J. Johnson. "Short-Term Population Redistribution ofPseudacteon tricuspis(Diptera: Phoridae) From Point Source Releases." Environmental Entomology 40, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/en10067.

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23

Lemkau, Karin L., Emily E. Peacock, Robert K. Nelson, G. Todd Ventura, Jennifer L. Kovecses, and Christopher M. Reddy. "The M/V Cosco Busan spill: Source identification and short-term fate." Marine Pollution Bulletin 60, no. 11 (November 2010): 2123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.09.001.

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24

Abdul-Wahab, Sabah A. "Evaluation of the Industrial Source Complex Short-Term Model: Dispersion over Terrain." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 54, no. 4 (April 2004): 396–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10473289.2004.10470911.

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25

Ying, Dongwen, Ruohua Zhou, Junfeng Li, and Yonghong Yan. "Window-Dominant Signal Subspace Methods for Multiple Short-Term Speech Source Localization." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 25, no. 4 (April 2017): 731–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taslp.2016.2625458.

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26

Lippmann, Morton, Jiang-Shiang Hwang, Polina Maciejczyk, and Lung-Chi Chen. "PM Source Apportionment for Short-Term Cardiac Function Changes in ApoE−/−Mice." Environmental Health Perspectives 113, no. 11 (November 2005): 1575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.8091.

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27

Yang, Xun, Yu Yuan, and Zhiyuan Liu. "Short-Term Traffic Speed Prediction of Urban Road With Multi-Source Data." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 87541–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2992507.

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28

Mostafaei, Hossein, Pedro M. Castro, and Alireza Ghaffari-Hadigheh. "Short-term scheduling of multiple source pipelines with simultaneous injections and deliveries." Computers & Operations Research 73 (September 2016): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2016.03.006.

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29

Poulikakos, Lily D., Bernhard Hofko, Laurent Porot, Xiaohu Lu, Hartmut Fischer, and Nicole Kringos. "Impact of temperature on short- and long-term aging of asphalt binders." RILEM Technical Letters 1 (March 17, 2016): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2016.4.

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Properties of asphalt concrete after aging are important parameters in determining the long-term performance of these materials. With the popularity of reduced temperature mixtures the question remains how this reduced temperature in short-term aging affects the long-term properties. This paper focuses on developing a robust and fundamental understanding of the effect of temperature on aging by connecting the chemistry of bitumen to its mechanics. To this end, round robin experiments are being currently conducted within 8 laboratories using four binders of the same grade 70/100 pen from different crude sources. In developing chemo-mechanical characterization techniques at the nano- and micro-scale, the material’s variability from crude-source to crude-source and its sensitivity to temperature needs to be taken into consideration. Furthermore, the development of uniform specimen preparation procedures for these bituminous materials at the nano- and micro-structural level is the focus. The chemical characterization is performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For the mechanical characterization rheological data is used using the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) as well as conventional tests, e.g. needle penetration and softening point using the ring and ball method. It is shown that the short-term aging temperature affects the increase in softening point, while the consequent effect on long term aging is less pronounced.

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Poulikakos, Lily D., Bernhard Hofko, Laurent Porot, Xiaohu Lu, Hartmut Fischer, and Nicole Kringos. "Impact of temperature on short- and long-term aging of asphalt binders." RILEM Technical Letters 1 (March 17, 2016): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.v1.4.

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Properties of asphalt concrete after aging are important parameters in determining the long-term performance of these materials. With the popularity of reduced temperature mixtures the question remains how this reduced temperature in short-term aging affects the long-term properties. This paper focuses on developing a robust and fundamental understanding of the effect of temperature on aging by connecting the chemistry of bitumen to its mechanics. To this end, round robin experiments are being currently conducted within 8 laboratories using four binders of the same grade 70/100 pen from different crude sources. In developing chemo-mechanical characterization techniques at the nano- and micro-scale, the material’s variability from crude-source to crude-source and its sensitivity to temperature needs to be taken into consideration. Furthermore, the development of uniform specimen preparation procedures for these bituminous materials at the nano- and micro-structural level is the focus. The chemical characterization is performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For the mechanical characterization rheological data is used using the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) as well as conventional tests, e.g. needle penetration and softening point using the ring and ball method. It is shown that the short-term aging temperature affects the increase in softening point, while the consequent effect on long term aging is less pronounced.

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31

Jorquera, Héctor, and Ana María Villalobos. "Combining Cluster Analysis of Air Pollution and Meteorological Data with Receptor Model Results for Ambient PM2.5 and PM10." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 15, 2020): 8455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228455.

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Air pollution regulation requires knowing major sources on any given zone, setting specific controls, and assessing how health risks evolve in response to those controls. Receptor models (RM) can identify major sources: transport, industry, residential, etc. However, RM results are typically available for short term periods, and there is a paucity of RM results for developing countries. We propose to combine a cluster analysis (CA) of air pollution and meteorological measurements with a short-term RM analysis to estimate a long-term, hourly source apportionment of ambient PM2.5 and PM10. We have developed a proof of the concept for this proposed methodology in three case studies: a large metropolitan zone, a city with dominant residential wood burning (RWB) emissions, and a city in the middle of a desert region. We have found it feasible to identify the major sources in the CA results and obtain hourly time series of their contributions, effectively extending short-term RM results to the whole ambient monitoring period. This methodology adds value to existing ambient data. The hourly time series results would allow researchers to apportion health benefits associated with specific air pollution regulations, estimate source-specific trends, improve emission inventories, and conduct environmental justice studies, among several potential applications.

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32

Sobinoff, A. P., V. Pye, B. Nixon, S. D. Roman, and E. A. McLaughlin. "121. SHORT TERM XENOBIOTIC EXPOSURE COMPROMISES LONG TERM OOCYTE VIABILITY." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 9 (2010): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb10abs121.

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Mammalian females are born with a finite number of non-renewing primordial follicles, the majority of which remain in a quiescent state for many years. These follicles serve as the primary source of all developing oocytes in the ovary, and cannot be regenerated post fetal development. Due to their non-renewing nature, these “resting” oocytes are particularly vulnerable to environmental and toxic insults, especially to those which are capable of inducing oxidative stress. Recent evidence suggests that certain synthetic chemical compounds, known as xenobiotics, have the potential to generate oxidative stress through the production of free oxygen radicals (ROS) as a byproduct of the cell’s detoxification process. Given the redox sensitive nature of the mammalian oocyte, we hypothesise that xenobiotic exposure may have adverse effects on long term oocyte viability. In this study, we attempted to identify the effects of short term xenobiotic exposure on long term oocyte viability. Female Swiss neonatal mice (day 4) were administered 7 daily consecutive doses of 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (40mg/kg/daily; 80mg/kg/daily) Methoxychlor (50mg/kg/daily; 100mg/kg/daily) or Menadione (7.5mg/kg/daily; 15mg/kg/daily). Mice were then superovulated at 6wks and their oocytes collected for analysis. Sperm-egg fusion assays revealed a significant decrease (P < 0.01) in sperm egg binding (1.4–7 fold) and fusion (4–20 fold) in a dose dependent manner for all three xenobiotic treatments in vivo, signifying a decrease in oocyte membrane fluidity. Follow-up lipid peroxidation analysis on xenobiotic cultured oocytes also showed a significant (P < 0.01) dose dependent increase (1.3–2.5 fold) in membrane lipid peroxidation for each xenobiotic compared to the control. These results provide some of the first evidence of short term xenobiotic exposure causing long term oocyte dysfunction, possibly interfering with the fluidity and/or elasticity of the oocyte plasma membrane through xenobiotic ROS induced lipid peroxidation.

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Yazdanfar, Darush, and Peter Öhman. "Substitute or complement? The use of trade credit as a financing source among SMEs." Management Research Review 40, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 10–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-06-2015-0153.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate trade credit as a financing source among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly the influence of short-term debt, long-term debt and profitability on the use of such credit. Design/methodology/approach Ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed-effects and generalized method of moments (GMM) system models were used to analyze a large cross-sectional panel data set of 15,897 Swedish SMEs in five industry sectors for the 2009-2012 period. Findings The study provides empirical evidence that long-term debt and profitability each significantly and negatively influence trade credit (i.e. accounts payable) and that short-term debt positively influences trade credit. Notably, while trade credit seems to complement other short-term debt, it replaces long-term debt. Moreover, firm size in terms of sales is positively related and firm age is negatively related to accounts payable. Industry affiliation is another significant explanatory variable. Practical implications The results provide debt holders, potential investors, policymakers and academic researchers with insights into the relationship between trade credit demand, on the one hand, and external financing (i.e. short- and long-term debt) and internal retained earnings (i.e. profit), on the other. From a manager’s perspective, the findings may be important for decision-making regarding trade credit use. Originality/value When investigating trade credit determinants, the literature has seldom distinguished between short- and long-term debt and considered that they may influence the use of trade credit in different ways. The present study adds to the literature by using OLS, fixed-effects and GMM system models to analyze a large cross-sectoral sample in a high-tax country where both bank loans and trade credit are considered important financing instruments.

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Mitchell, Karen J., Carol L. Raye, Marcia K. Johnson, and Erich J. Greene. "An fMRI investigation of short-term source memory in young and older adults." NeuroImage 30, no. 2 (April 2006): 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.039.

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35

Sun, Yang, Yang Xian, Wenwu Wang, and Syed Mohsen Naqvi. "Monaural Source Separation in Complex Domain With Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing 13, no. 2 (May 2019): 359–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstsp.2019.2908760.

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36

王, 晓宇. "Short-Term Optimal Operation of Banduo Reservoir in the Source of Yellow River." Journal of Water Resources Research 06, no. 01 (2017): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/jwrr.2017.61004.

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37

Park, Kwangmin, and SooCheong (Shawn) Jang. "Is franchising an additional financing source for franchisors? A Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition analysis." Tourism Economics 24, no. 5 (February 13, 2018): 541–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816618757561.

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Numerous studies have used agency theory (Jensen and Meckling, 1976) and capital scarcity theory (Oxenfeldt and Kelly, 1969) to explain franchising motivations. Although both theories may in part account for why firms choose to franchise, past studies have not seriously considered the potential relationship between franchising and capital structures. Using Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition analysis, this study examined the impact of franchising on short- and long-term debt leverage. The final sample included 191 restaurant firms from 1980 to 2015. Sixty-five firms were non-franchise firms, while 126 firms engaged in the franchising business. The results of the Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition analysis showed that franchising has a significant effect on decreasing long-term debts and confirmed that franchising plays an important role as an additional source of long-term capital. Consequently, the capital scarcity theory is supported as one aspect of long-term debt leverage. However, franchise restaurant firms have larger short-term debt than non-franchise firms, although it is merely marginally significant. This contradicts capital scarcity theory but is in accordance with some past studies (e.g. Norton, 1988; 1995). This implies that franchisors constantly need short-term capital to support franchisees.

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Nasse, Jan-Marcus, Philipp G. Eger, Denis Pöhler, Stefan Schmitt, Udo Frieß, and Ulrich Platt. "Recent improvements of long-path DOAS measurements: impact on accuracy and stability of short-term and automated long-term observations." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 12, no. 8 (August 1, 2019): 4149–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-4149-2019.

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Abstract. Over the last few decades, differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) has been used as a common technique to simultaneously measure abundances of a variety of atmospheric trace gases. Exploiting the unique differential absorption cross section of trace-gas molecules, mixing ratios can be derived by measuring the optical density along a defined light path and by applying the Beer–Lambert law. Active long-path (LP-DOAS) instruments can detect trace gases along a light path of a few hundred metres up to 20 km, with sensitivities for mixing ratios down to ppbv and pptv levels, depending on the trace-gas species. To achieve high measurement accuracy and low detection limits, it is crucial to reduce instrumental artefacts that lead to systematic structures in the residual spectra of the analysis. Spectral residual structures can be introduced by most components of a LP-DOAS measurement system, namely by the light source, in the transmission of the measurement signal between the system components or at the level of spectrometer and detector. This article focuses on recent improvements by the first application of a new type of light source and consequent changes to the optical setup to improve measurement accuracy. Most state-of-the-art LP-DOAS instruments are based on fibre optics and use xenon arc lamps or light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as light sources. Here we present the application of a laser-driven light source (LDLS), which significantly improves the measurement quality compared to conventional light sources. In addition, the lifetime of LDLS is about an order of magnitude higher than of typical Xe arc lamps. The small and very stable plasma discharge spot of the LDLS allows the application of a modified fibre configuration. This enables a better light coupling with higher light throughput, higher transmission homogeneity, and a better suppression of light from disturbing wavelength regions. Furthermore, the mode-mixing properties of the optical fibre are enhanced by an improved mechanical treatment. The combined effects lead to spectral residual structures in the range of 5-10×10-5 root mean square (rms; in units of optical density). This represents a reduction of detection limits of typical trace-gas species by a factor of 3–4 compared to previous setups. High temporal stability and reduced operational complexity of this new setup allow the operation of low-maintenance, automated LP-DOAS systems, as demonstrated here by more than 2 years of continuous observations in Antarctica.

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Orlowsky, B., and S. I. Seneviratne. "Elusive drought: uncertainty in observed trends and short- and long-term CMIP5 projections." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 9, no. 12 (December 18, 2012): 13773–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-9-13773-2012.

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Abstract. Recent years have seen a number of severe droughts in different regions around the world, causing agricultural and economic losses, famines and migration. Despite their devastating consequences, the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) of these events lies within the range of internal climate variability, which we estimate from simulations from the 5th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). In terms of drought magnitude, regional trends of SPI over the last decades remain mostly inconclusive in observations and CMIP5 simulations, although Soil Moisture Anomalies (SMAs) in CMIP5 simulations hint at increased drought in a few regions (e.g. the Mediterranean, Central America/Mexico, the Amazon, North-East Brazil and South Africa). Also for the future, projections of meteorological (SPI) and agricultural (SMA) drought in CMIP5 display large uncertainties over all time frames, generally impeding trend detection. Analogue analyses of the frequencies rather than magnitudes of future drought display, however, more robust signal-to-noise ratios with detectable trends towards more frequent drought until the end of the 21st century in the Mediterranean, South Africa and Central America/Mexico. Other present-day hot spots are projected to become less drought-prone, or to display unsignificant changes in drought occurrence. A separation of different sources of uncertainty in drought projections reveals that for the near term, internal climate variability is the dominant source, while the formulation of Global Climate Models (GCMs) generally becomes the dominant source of uncertainty by the end of the 21st century, especially for agricultural (soil moisture) drought. In comparison, the uncertainty in Green-House Gas (GHG) concentrations scenarios is negligible for most regions. These findings stand in contrast to respective analyses for a heat wave indicator, for which GHG concentrations scenarios constitute the main source of uncertainty. Our results highlight the inherent difficulty of drought quantification and the uncertainty of drought projections. However, high uncertainty should not be equated with low drought risk, since potential scenarios include large drought increases in key agricultural and ecosystem regions.

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Ptiček Siročić, Anita, Davor Stanko, Nikola Sakač, Dragana Dogančić, and Tomislav Trojko. "Short-Term Measurement of Indoor Radon Concentration in Northern Croatia." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (March 29, 2020): 2341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072341.

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(1) Background: Radon concentrations in the environment are generally very low. However, radon concentrations can be high indoors and can cause some serious health issues. The main source of indoor radon (homes, buildings and other residential objects) can be soil under the house, while other sources can be construction materials, groundwater and natural gas. Radon accumulates mainly in the lower levels of the buildings (especially low-ventilated underground levels and basements). (2) Methods: in this paper, we have measured the indoor radon concentrations at 15 locations in various objects (basements and ground floor/1st floor rooms) in the area of northern Croatia. (3) Results: the results show a higher concentration of radon in the basement area in comparison to values measured in the ground floor and first-floor rooms. The arithmetic mean (AM) and geometric mean (GM) of basement rooms were 70.9 ± 38.8 Bq/m3 and 61.2 ± 2.2 Bq/m3 compared to ground floor and first-floor rooms 42.5 ± 30.8 Bq/m3 and 32.8 ± 2.9 Bq/m3, respectively. (4) Conclusions: results obtained (AM and GM values) are within the maximal allowed values (300 Bq/m3) according to the Euroatom Directive. However, there are periods when maximum radon concentration exceeds 300 Bq/m3. Indoor radon concentrations vary with the occupancy of the rooms and it is evident that the ventilation has significant effect on the reduction of concentration.

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Li, Chun, and Xiao Liu Shen. "Network Security Situation Awareness Model Based on Multi-Period Assessment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.613.

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This article proposes a new model which is called hierarchical network security situation awareness model. The model emphasizes the time dimension in the assessment, it divides the assessment into two parts: short-term and long-term. The data source is the logs, flow data and others generated by equipments. These original data through the data fusion model and the situation evaluation model to obtain the short-term result, this result is the foundation of long-term. Combine the static indicators with dynamic which is calculated by short-term to figure out the long-term result. This model is based on multi-source data, and expand quantitative assessment in the different levels of time dimension, it makes up the security situation assessment in multi-period assessment and has advantage in network security situation prediction.

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Philippart, Michel. "The procurement dilemma: short-term savings or long-term shareholder value?" Journal of Business Strategy 37, no. 6 (November 21, 2016): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-11-2015-0114.

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Purpose Research has shown the potential contribution of properly managed suppliers to the competitive position of firms. Major strategy schools of thought such as the industry view and the resource-based view have evolved in their perspective about supplier’s contributions, replacing a transactional perspective of supplier management with a more comprehensive view of their role in corporate strategy. This study aims to understand if procurement professionals have evolved in the same direction. Design/methodology/approach During a corporate wide assessment for a large consumer product corporation, the author had the opportunity to incorporate a four-statement question aimed at identifying the perception of value creation by different levels of procurement staff. The answers were compared with responses of a reference group that comprised business school students who had never been exposed to professional procurement as a function or skill. Findings The results show that buyers, even at senior levels, more clearly identify value as the result of price negotiation, a functional perspective, than as the construction of sustainable competitive advantages, the shareholder perspective. They do not discriminate sufficiently between short-term transactional value transfer and long-term shareholder value capture. Research limitations/implications The study was conducted on a sample of 500 people from four continents but limited to a single corporate environment. This study focused on innovation as a source of value and competitive advantages. Originality/value The paper shows to corporate deciders the impact of overly cost-focused procurement departments. This study reinforces their need to better balance the objectives assigned to their procurement team. This study outlines the steps necessary to align the cultural competitiveness of procurement to the objectives of the firm, with an extended enterprise scope.

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Prakarsa A.S, Muhammad. "ERP OPEN SOURCE APACHE OFBIZ." Jurnal E-Komtek (Elektro-Komputer-Teknik) 2, no. 2 (November 27, 2018): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37339/e-komtek.v2i2.99.

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The integrated information system has become very important and urgent to be implemented, to support and determine the business strategy further to lead for having company superiority in anticipating business competition. The presence of information system, specifically based on ERP could contribute to anticipate business competition and to determine business strategy. These could lead management team to be more focus on creating innovation for the company improvement and having maximum profit. Thus the synchronization between the improvement of ERP system and business strategy is very important to support the development of company business on its short term period and long term period. Open Source is the right answer for the choice considering that the complex market necessity and its citizen ‘s habit that always hope for operating and using anything for free

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Orlowsky, B., and S. I. Seneviratne. "Elusive drought: uncertainty in observed trends and short- and long-term CMIP5 projections." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 17, no. 5 (May 7, 2013): 1765–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1765-2013.

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Abstract. Recent years have seen a number of severe droughts in different regions around the world, causing agricultural and economic losses, famines and migration. Despite their devastating consequences, the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) of these events lies within the general range of observation-based SPI time series and simulations from the 5th phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). In terms of magnitude, regional trends of SPI over the last decades remain mostly inconclusive in observation-based datasets and CMIP5 simulations, but Soil Moisture Anomalies (SMAs) in CMIP5 simulations hint at increased drought in a few regions (e.g., the Mediterranean, Central America/Mexico, the Amazon, North-East Brazil and South Africa). Also for the future, projections of changes in the magnitude of meteorological (SPI) and soil moisture (SMA) drought in CMIP5 display large spreads over all time frames, generally impeding trend detection. However, projections of changes in the frequencies of future drought events display more robust signal-to-noise ratios, with detectable trends towards more frequent drought before the end of the 21st century in the Mediterranean, South Africa and Central America/Mexico. Other present-day hot spots are projected to become less drought-prone, or display non-significant changes in drought occurrence. A separation of different sources of uncertainty in projections of meteorological and soil moisture drought reveals that for the near term, internal climate variability is the dominant source, while the formulation of Global Climate Models (GCMs) generally becomes the dominant source of spread by the end of the 21st century, especially for soil moisture drought. In comparison, the uncertainty from Green-House Gas (GHG) concentrations scenarios is negligible for most regions. These findings stand in contrast to respective analyses for a heat wave index, for which GHG concentrations scenarios constitute the main source of uncertainty. Our results highlight the inherent difficulty of drought quantification and the considerable likelihood range of drought projections, but also indicate regions where drought is consistently found to increase. In other regions, wide likelihood range should not be equated with low drought risk, since potential scenarios include large drought increases in key agricultural and ecosystem regions.

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Klages, Karin U., Helen L. Boldingh, Janine M. Cooney, and Elspeth A. MacRae. "Planteose is a short-term storage carbohydrate in Actinidia leaves." Functional Plant Biology 31, no. 12 (2004): 1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp04126.

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The polyol myo-inositol constitutes 10–20% of soluble carbohydrates in mature leaves of Actinidia deliciosa (A.Chev.) C.F. Liang et A.R. Ferguson var. deliciosa ‘Hayward’ and A. arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. var. arguta. In contrast with other non-structural carbohydrates, myo-inositol concentrations in A. deliciosa leaves increase only slightly during development from sink to source, and are not affected in source leaves by increased sink demand upon fruit set. In mature fruit-bearing leaves myo-inositol concentrations fluctuate diurnally, increasing during the night and declining towards morning, but in plants with less sink demand a diurnal pattern is not observed. In potted A. arguta seedlings subjected to extended dark periods, leaf concentrations of sugars and starch decline rapidly while myo-inositol concentrations are maintained. Labelling studies with 14CO2 revealed that myo-inositol in leaves is not a primary photosynthetic product and is turned over more slowly than other soluble carbohydrates. A suggested role of myo-inositol as a precursor in mucilage synthesis was not substantiated, as radioactivity was incorporated into mucilage more rapidly than into free myo-inositol. Planteose, a trisaccharide comprising sucrose and galactose, incorporated substantial amounts of radioactivity and accumulated to high levels, indicating a role in short-term storage of sucrose. Planteose was synthesised during the day and degraded during the night in a manner that was opposite to that of sucrose while starch and myo-inositol levels remained relatively constant. Planteose has been reported in Cyclamen persicum, ash and sesame seed. This is the first report of planteose in Actinidia, and the first time it has been identified as a major short-term storage carbohydrate in Actinidia leaves.

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Layne, Desmond R., and J. A. Flore. "SHORT-AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF SOURCE MANIPULATION IN SOUR CHERRY (Prunus cerasus L.)." HortScience 26, no. 6 (June 1991): 748C—748. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.6.748c.

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A series of experiments were conducted with one-year-old potted sour cherry trees to evaluate the effects of source reduction (removal of 70% of the expanded leaves = Defol.) or source enhancement (continuous illumination = C.L.) on source leaf gas exchange. There was a significant increase in net CO2 assimilation (A) and stomatal conductance (gs) of Defol. within one day in contrast to the non-defoliated control (Cont.). Defol. had lower daily dark respiration rates (Rd) and higher A values throughout the 14 h diurnal photoperiod than Cont. Defol. had daily assimilation rates 50% higher than Cont. in as early as 3 days. One month later, specific leaf weight, leaf chlorophyll and A was higher in Defol. Non-defoliated plants were also placed under either a 14 h photoperiod (Cont.) or a 24 h photoperiod (24h). A of 24h was reduced from Cont. by 50% after one day. The diurnal response of A in Cont. was removed when plants were put in C.L. Following 7 days in C.L., 70% defoliation of 24h plants resulted in a complete recovery from photosynthetic inhibition within 48 hours. The short-term effects of source manipulation on photochemical and carboxylation efficiencies, photorespiration and stomatal limitations will also be addressed.

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Matsumoto, Satoshi, Hiroshi Shimizu, Takeshi Matsushima, Kenji Uehira, Yusuke Yamashita, Manami Nakamoto, Masahiro Miyazaki, and Hiromi Chikura. "Short-term spatial change in a volcanic tremor source during the 2011 Kirishima eruption." Earth, Planets and Space 65, no. 4 (April 2013): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5047/eps.2012.09.002.

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Cerqueira Ribeiro, Daniel, Andre�Anto�nio Moura dos Santo, Rui Pedro Loureiro, Rui Miguel Gonc竌lves, and Jorge Pereira Machadoa. "Assessment of Short-term Acupuncture Effect Through Electro-conductivity Variation of Yuan-Source Acupoints." World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1, no. 4 (2015): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15806/j.issn.2311-8571.2015.0023.

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49

Wang, Yixing, Meiqin Liu, Zhejing Bao, and Senlin Zhang. "Short-Term Load Forecasting with Multi-Source Data Using Gated Recurrent Unit Neural Networks." Energies 11, no. 5 (May 3, 2018): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11051138.

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Ellaway, P. H., and K. S. K. Murthy. "THE SOURCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF SHORT-TERM SYNCHRONY BETWEEN γ-MOTONEURONES IN THE CAT." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology 70, no. 2 (April 7, 1985): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.1985.sp002906.

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