Relevant bibliographies by topics / Short-term substitutes

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Short-term substitutes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 24 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Short-term substitutes"

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Naik, Kruti, Lisa C. Du Toit, Naseer Ally, and Yahya E. Choonara. "Advances in Polysaccharide- and Synthetic Polymer-Based Vitreous Substitutes." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 2 (2023): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020566.

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The vitreous humour is a gel-like structure that composes the majority of each eye. It functions to provide passage of light, be a viscoelastic dampener, and hold the retina in place. Vitreous liquefaction causes retinal detachment and retinal tears requiring pars plana vitrectomy for vitreous substitution. An ideal vitreous substitute should display similar mechanical, chemical, and rheological properties to the natural vitreous. Currently used vitreous substitutes such as silicone oil, perfluorocarbon liquids, and gases cannot be used long-term due to adverse effects such as poor retention t
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Michael, Isaac, Benjamin G. Serpell, Carmen M. Colomer, and Jocelyn K. Mara. "Analysing the short-term impact of substitutes vs. starters in international rugby." International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 14, no. 5 (2019): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954119874163.

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The aim of this study was to compare the short-term performance of substitute players to starting players during International Rugby Union matches and determine how this performance was influenced by playing position, the timing of the substitution and the score margin between teams. Individual player performances (n = 298) for substitutes and the starters they replaced were observed across 17 matches played between tier 1 rugby nations. Performance was categorised as the total number of involvements, the number of attacking and defensive involvements, as well as the effectiveness of a player'
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Machokoto, Michael, Nyasha Mahonye, and Marshall Makate. "Short-term financing sources in Africa: Substitutes or complements?" Research in International Business and Finance 60 (April 2022): 101572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101572.

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Hempel, Sam, Yi Li, and Sean Tibay. "Firms’ financing choice between short-term and long-term debts: Are they substitutes?" FEDS Notes, no. 2024-05-03-1 (May 2024): None. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3438.

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When selecting debt to finance their operations and investments, companies face crucial decisions regarding the appropriate types of debt. Despite the classic Modigliani–Miller (1958) capital structure irrelevance result, real-world market frictions can significantly impact a firm's capital structure decisions. This reality means that one debt type is not a perfect substitute for another, due to differences in important factors including maturity structures, funding purposes, rollover risks, and funding costs.
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Shettigar, Manoj P., Vivek Pravin Dave, Hung-Da Chou, et al. "Vitreous substitutes and tamponades – A review of types, applications, and future directions." Indian Journal of Ophthalmology 72, no. 8 (2024): 1102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijo.ijo_2417_23.

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Vitreous substitutes and tamponades occupy the vitreous cavity following vitrectomy in the management of various conditions such as retinal detachment, macular hole, and diabetic retinopathy. Such replacements can be for the short term (gases such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and perfluoropropane (C3F8) or long term (such as silicone oils). Certain substitutes such as perfluorocarbon liquids are used only transiently during surgery as “a third hand” or rarely till a few days post surgery. Hydrogels and hyaluronan derivatives are among the newer vitreous substitutes that are showing promise for
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Suri, S., and R. Banerjee. "In vitro evaluation ofin situ gels as short term vitreous substitutes." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 79A, no. 3 (2006): 650–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.30917.

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Jaya Hartono, Dermawan, and Suyanto Suyanto. "Major determinants of Bitcoin price: Application of a vector error correction model." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 20, no. 4 (2023): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.20(4).2023.21.

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Research in recent years has shown that Bitcoin is a virtual asset that is used as a medium of exchange and investment tool other than shares and bonds, the development of the digital era has opened up opportunities for Bitcoin to be chosen as part of an investor’s portfolio. The focus of this study is to examine the impact of nine key determinants on Bitcoin price. The data used in the study are daily data starting from January 1, 2018 to January 1, 2022. The main data source is taken from Investing.com, and the estimation method applied is the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The main f
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Becker, Genevieve E. "Marketing Breastfeeding Substitutes: A Discussion Document." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (2020): 9239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249239.

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Marketing influences knowledge, attitudes, and decisions related to infant and young child nutrition, safety, development, parental confidence, and other aspects of health and wellbeing of the child. These attitudes and behaviours of parents, health workers, policy makers, and other influencers have short- and long-term effects on the child. There is an International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes. Is it time to have a code of marketing of breastfeeding substitutes?
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Bottoni, Ferdinando, Maurizio Sborgia, Paolo Arpa, et al. "Perfluorocarbon liquids as postoperative short-term vitreous substitutes in complicated retinal detachment." Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 231, no. 11 (1993): 619–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00921955.

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Uusivuori, Jussi, and Susanna Laaksonen-Craig. "Foreign Direct Investment, Exports and Exchange Rates: The Case of Forest Industries." Forest Science 47, no. 4 (2001): 577–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/47.4.577.

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Abstract Foreign direct investment (FDI) by forest companies has increased rapidly in the 1990s. An interesting question is to what extent FDI and traditional trade in the forest sector are substitutes or complements to each other. For example, does FDI lead to increased or decreased exports of forest products from the home country in the long run? This article explores the dynamic relationship between FDI and exports of forest industries with U.S., Finnish, and Swedish data. Both short-term and long-term interrelationships between FDI and exports are studied, as well as the short-term and lon
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Short-term substitutes"

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Granberg, Louise. "Ny dag, ny arbetsplats : En kvalitativ studie om korttidsvikariers upplevelser av sin arbetssituation inom vård- och omsorg." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik, konst och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-85801.

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I denna uppsats har upplevelser av korttidsvikariers psykosociala arbetssituation inom vård- och omsorg undersökts. Uppsatsen utgår från en kvalitativ metod där semistrukturerade intervjuer har tillämpats på sju korttidsvikarier som i dagsläget arbetar inom bemanningsenheten på Luleå kommun. Uppsatsens syfte var att skapa en ökad förståelse för korttidsvikariers upplevelser av sin psykosociala arbetssituation med fokus på arbets- och anställningsvillkor. Vilka har analyserats utifrån perspektiven för Karasek och Theorells (1990) krav, kontroll- och stödmodell samt Atkinsons (1984) kärna- och p
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SEDLÁČKOVÁ, VINKLEROVÁ Blanka. "Pěstounská péče na přechodnou dobu - fenomén současné náhradní rodinné péče." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-188708.

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Short-term foster care is a fairly new form of substitute family care. Despite it having been incorporated in law since 2006, short-term foster care have only begun being employed seven years later. Only then the details of its administration were laid out in legislation. Purpose of this form of substitute family care is to prevent a placement of children into institutional care. It's possible to look at the professional foster care from different angles and thus assess it differently. Certainly, it has its positive and negative aspects as well as possible problems. It's undeniable that a well
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Books on the topic "Short-term substitutes"

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Anginer, Deniz, Asli Demirguc-Kunt, Mete Tepe, and Serif Aziz Simsir. Is Short-Term Debt a Substitute or a Complement to Good Governance? World Bank, Washington, DC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-9022.

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Weidmann, Nils B., and Espen Geelmuyden Rød. The Internet and Political Protest in Autocracies. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190918309.001.0001.

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In the aftermath of recent popular uprisings in dictatorships, many observers argued that information and communication technologies, notably the Internet, played a key role in the mobilization of political protest. This book unpacks when and under which circumstances Internet technology can benefit opposition activists aiming to mobilize protests, and when the technology plays into the hands of autocratic governments. Since autocratic governments enjoy a high degree of control over the introduction and expansion of Internet technology and over digital communication ows, the book argues that i
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Wilmarth Jr., Arthur E. Taming the Megabanks. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190260705.001.0001.

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This book demonstrates that universal banks—which accept deposits, make loans, and engage in securities activities—played central roles in precipitating the Great Depression of the early 1930s and the Great Recession of 2007–09. Universal banks promoted a dangerous credit boom and a hazardous stock market bubble in the U.S. during the 1920s, which led to the Great Depression. Congress responded by passing the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933, which separated banks from the securities markets and prohibited nonbanks from accepting deposits. Glass-Steagall’s structural separation of the banking, secur
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Yas, Oleksii. Comparative Histories: Instrumental Possibilities, Comparative Perspectives, and Cognitive Values. Analytical brief. Institute of History of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15407/book1-0017926.

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The study highlights the origin of comparative tools and their use in the cultural spheres of historiography. It emphasizes that the comparative strategies and practices of classical historiography were largely based on the evolutionary and stage-specific foundations of the construction of the past; in particular, they imitated the cognitive models of natural science. The role of the romantic paradigm of nineteenth-century socio-humanitarian knowledge, which led to the constitution of comparative linguistics, comparative mythology, and comparative literature studies, has been considered. It is
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Idler, Annette. Borderland Battles. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190849146.001.0001.

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Borderlands are like a magnifying glass on some of the world’s most entrenched security challenges. In unstable regions, border areas attract violent non-state groups, ranging from rebels and paramilitaries to criminal organizations, who exploit central government neglect. These groups compete for territorial control, cooperate in illicit cross-border activities, and provide a substitute for the governance functions usually associated with the state. Drawing on extensive fieldwork with more than six hundred interviews in and on the shared borderlands of Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela—where c
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Brunner, Ronald D., and Amanda H. Lynch. Adaptive Governance. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.601.

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Adaptive governance is defined by a focus on decentralized decision-making structures and procedurally rational policy, supported by intensive natural and social science. Decentralized decision-making structures allow a large, complex problem like global climate change to be factored into many smaller problems, each more tractable for policy and scientific purposes. Many smaller problems can be addressed separately and concurrently by smaller communities. Procedurally rational policy in each community is an adaptation to profound uncertainties, inherent in complex systems and cognitive constra
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Book chapters on the topic "Short-term substitutes"

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Norris, Christopher. "Diagonals." In Speculations 3. punctum books, 2012. https://doi.org/10.21983/p3.0010.1.08.

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Badiou’s relationship to Derrida is complex, ambivalent, at times distinctly fraught, and often—despite an impeccable politeness of phrasing—somewhat impatient in tone. All the same it doesn’t exhibit anything like the pattern of routine inter-generational conflict that has characterised so many episodes of post-war French in-tellectual history. Thus it bears no resemblance to those acts of barely concealed parricidal intent by which Sartre ousted the dominant currencies of pre-war (whether rationalist or Bergson-influenced) thought, or the structuralism of Lévi-Strauss, Althusser and company
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Thorn, William, and Stéphan Vincent-Lancrin. "Education in the Time of COVID-19 in France, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States: the Nature and Impact of Remote Learning." In Primary and Secondary Education During Covid-19. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81500-4_15.

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AbstractThis chapter reviews the evidence of the impact on children’s education from the school closures, implemented over the period March-June 2020, as part of the lockdown measures put in place to control the spread of the Covid-19 virus. The sources of information are surveys of the adult population, parents/guardians of school-age children, teachers and students based on representative samples as well as achievement tests that were accessible by early 2021. The lockdowns and associated closures of schools implemented in response to the arrival of the Covid-19 pandemic represented a sudden
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Peltola, Heli, Tero Heinonen, Jyrki Kangas, Ari Venäläinen, Jyri Seppälä, and Lauri Hetemäki. "Climate-Smart Forestry Case Study: Finland." In Forest Bioeconomy and Climate Change. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99206-4_11.

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AbstractFinland is the most forested country in the EU – forests cover 74–86% of the land area, depending on the definition and source. Increasing carbon sequestration from the atmosphere, and by storing it in forests (trees and soil) will be one important part of the Finnish climate smart forestry strategy. However, just maximizing the carbon storage of forests may not be the best option in the long run, although it may provide the best climate-cooling benefits in the short term. This is because the increasing risks of large-scale natural disturbances may turn forests, at least partially, int
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Reingold, Arthur. "21 Epidemiologic Research in the Setting of Outbreak Response." In Principles and Practice of Emergency Research Response. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48408-7_30.

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AbstractThe highest priority during the response to an outbreak or epidemic is to limit morbidity and mortality by preventing new cases and improving outcomes in those who are affected. Epidemiologic research is an essential component of such a response. Well-designed and rapidly executed observational epidemiologic studies, often done in conjunction with laboratory and environmental investigations and informed by relevant behavioral and social sciences knowledge, can help guide the development and implementation of interventions that ameliorate the current outbreak, as well as contribute to m
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Cole, David C., and Betty F. Slade. "Money Markets In Indonesia." In Asian Money Markets. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195074291.003.0003.

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Abstract Money markets are markets for short-term financial instruments that are close substitutes for money. Such markets and instruments provide a means for adjusting liquidity positions-acquiring or disposing of funds for short time periods, and they usually carry a limited risk of illiquidity or large changes in the asset’s value. All entities that have access to the money markets can use this liquidity adjustment function, but it seems to be especially important to financial institutions in developing countries.
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Yap, Josef T., Mario B. Lamberte, Teodoro S. Untalan, Ma Socorro, and V. Zingapan. "Money Markets In The Philippines." In Asian Money Markets. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195074291.003.0006.

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Abstract In this chapter we relate policies of the central bank to the behavior of the money market. The money market is defined as the short-term financial market for instruments that are close substitutes for money. By convention, only instruments with a maturity of less than sixty days are analyzed, although we present data for instruments with longer maturities.
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Kang, Moon-Soo. "Money Markets In Korea." In Asian Money Markets. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195074291.003.0004.

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Abstract The money market is defined in this chapter to include all financial instruments easily convertible to cash that are used by government, financial, and commercial institutions for short-term funding and placements. The money market brings together economic agents who want to borrow large sums of money for short periods of time and those who want to lend them. The money market instruments created in this process are generally characterized by the safety of their principal. Maturities range from one day to one year. The money market encompasses the interbank market and a group of short-
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Palmer, Adrian. "Travel and Tourism." In A New World Post COVID-19. Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-442-4/027.

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The travel and tourism sector was hit more rapidly and deeply by COVID-19 than most other sectors. Recovery to pre-COVID-19 activity levels is likely to be prolonged, and questions are raised whether enforced change in consumer behaviour will have long-term effects. The travel and tourism sector has a history of reinventing itself, and previous predictions of decline following crises have often been short-lived. This chapter reviews historical precedents and theories of consumer behaviour to explore whether recovery will be different this time round, especially given the possible habit breakin
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Wilmarth Jr., Arthur E. "Resurgence, Part I." In Taming the Megabanks. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190260705.003.0008.

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The Glass-Steagall Act created a decentralized financial system composed of three separate and independent financial sectors—commercial banking, securities markets, and insurance. The Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 reinforced Glass-Steagall’s policy of structural separation by prohibiting bank holding companies from engaging in any activities that were not “closely related to banking.” Glass-Steagall’s structural barriers prevented the occurrence of systemic financial crises for more than four decades. During that period, federal regulators could deal with problems arising in one financial s
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Wilmarth Jr., Arthur E. "Conclusion." In Taming the Megabanks. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190260705.003.0014.

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A new Glass-Steagall Act would break up universal banks and end the conflicts of interest that prevent universal banks from acting as objective lenders and impartial investment advisers. It would produce a more stable and resilient financial system by reestablishing structural buffers to prevent contagion between the banking system and other financial sectors. It would improve market discipline by preventing banks from transferring their safety net subsidies to affiliates engaged in capital markets activities. It would shrink the shadow banking system by prohibiting nonbanks from issuing short
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Conference papers on the topic "Short-term substitutes"

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Murray, John N., Richard A. Hays, and Douglas W. Smith. "The Use of Indium Activated Aluminum Alloy Sacrificial Anodes in Seawater/Sewage Environments." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95315.

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Abstract The electrochemical performance of three sacrificial anode materials, an indium activated aluminum alloy from two distinct manufacturers and the MIL-A-18001 zinc alloy, was evaluated in several types of simulant shipboard sewage collection, holding and transfer (CHT) tank fluid environments. The preliminary results from the short-term, two week exposure tests indicated reasonable electrochemical performance in the aerated CHT fluids relative to performance results previously seen in substitute ocean water. The sacrificial anode materials exhibited slightly more electropositive potenti
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Serge, Germanetti. "Safety Enhancement thanks to Real Time Performance Indication." In Vertical Flight Society 72nd Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0072-2016-11338.

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In the frame of avionics development, more and more effort is engaged by Airbus Helicopter to improve Fleet Safety. Part of the risks to be covered is the lack of pilot's awareness regarding the helicopter real time performance (Performance Situational Awareness). Flight manual performance charts, are used routinely during the mission preparation, require a high pilot workload to process in real-time, and therefore are often substituted with simple approximations. Recently, Personal Devices such as tablets have emerged allowing better access to these performances Despite the tablet providing a
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Madhavan, Krishna, Walter Bonani, and Wei Tan. "Multilayer Hybrid Construct for Vascular Tissue Engineering." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53575.

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Vascular grafts are often used as blood vessel substitutes. Until now, synthetic materials have not matched the efficacy of native tissues, particularly in the applications of small-diameter vascular grafts (<6mm) such as bypass grafts for arthrosclerosis and vascular access graft for hemodialysis. There is a considerable need for alternatives to the autologous veins or arteries. Many patients do not have an autologous vessel suitable for use due to preexisting pathological conditions or previous surgical harvest. Recent developments in vascular tissue engineering demonstrate the possibilit
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Armstrong, C., Y. Drobyshevski, and C. Chin. "Application of Frequency Domain Methods for Response Based Analysis of Flexible Risers." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61741.

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Response Based Analysis (RBA) is an advanced method for the prediction of long term distributions of critical responses in offshore floating systems. For complex non-linear systems such as flexible risers, RBA requires time domain simulations that form the core data to which probabilistic models are applied. Because RBA requires significantly larger amounts of data than traditional short term analysis approaches, running the required number of simulations in the time domain can quickly become unfeasible if the system’s physics being modelled are exceedingly complex. In addition, flexible riser
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Nie, Xinyu, Jianfeng Shi, and Jinyang Zheng. "Short-Term Burst Pressure of Large Diameter and High Pressure Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63491.

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Reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP), which basically consists of thermoplastic matrix and reinforced layers, has many advantages such as good flexibility, corrosion resistance and long service life. It has been used in oil and gas transportation pipeline industry for several decades, but generally has either low working pressure or small piping size which limits its application range. Recently, a new type of RTP with high design pressure of 6.9 MPa and large outside diameter of 490 mm was manufactured to substitute traditional metallic piping for long distance oil and gas transportation. In th
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Qiao, Dongsheng, Changxin Zheng, Binbin Li, Jinping Ou, and Gangjun Zhai. "Comparative Analysis on Fatigue Damage of Deepwater Hybrid Mooring Line." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20642.

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In the deepwater exploitation of oil and gas, the replacement of polyester rope for the wire in chain-wire-chain mooring line is proved to be fairly economic. Previous studies are mainly conducted to hydrodynamic analysis and dynamic response calculation, but there are few studies on the fatigue damage analysis of hybrid mooring line. Take the mooring system of a Spar platform as the research object, and the multi-component mooring lines are usually made up of chain-wire-chain. The representative mooring line has been considered while other conditions are kept unchanged, and top end tension-st
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Irina, Akimova. "Managing Russian Mega-Projects Amid Geopolitical Turbulence: Challenges and Opportunities for International Cooperation." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210866-ms.

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Abstract Beginning of 2022 was marked by unprecedented geopolitical turbulence between Russia and Ukraine which followed by military conflict and sanctions applied to major Russian companies and projects. Most of the international energy majors announced cutting ties with Russian state-owned and private companies and a number of mega oil and gas projects. Among them BP, Shell, Caterpillar, Eni, Equinor and others. Some mega projects were temporary put on hold but after a very short break continue its development. This conflict made serious pressure on gas prices in Europe and costs for many in
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Bayat, Sharareh, Mohammad Mohseni, Delaram Behnami, and Purang Abolmaesumi. "Real-Time Prediction of Temperature Distribution in Additive Manufacturing Processes Based on Machine Learning." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24107.

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Abstract Simulation tools improve various aspects of the additive manufacturing process, however, they come with an undesirable computational time for real-world applications. Finite element analysis (FEA) that solves partial differential equations (PDE) presents promising capabilities in simple additive manufactured components as an expository problem. Yet, PDE-based solutions take significantly long CPU time due to a large number of timesteps required to simulate an additively manufactured part. With modern machine learning (ML) capabilities, a new shift towards integration of FEA and ML has
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Escosa, Jesu´s M., Cristo´bal Cortes, and Luis M. Romeo. "Repowering of Fossil Fuel Power Plants and Reversible Carbonation/Calcination Cycle for CO2 Abatement." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79883.

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Fossil fuel power plants account for about a third of global carbon dioxide emissions. Coal is the major power-generation fuel, being used twice as extensively as natural gas (IEA, 2003). Moreover, on a global scale, coal demand is expected to double over the period to 2030; IEA estimates that 4500 GWe of new installed power will be required. Coal is expected to provide 40% of this figure. It is thus obvious that coal power plants must be operative to provide such amount of energy in the short term, at the same time reducing their CO2 emissions in a feasible manner and increasing their efficie
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Itzen, Dirk, Martin Angerbauer, Timo Hagenbucher, Michael Grill, and Andre Kulzer. "Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Application of Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment Control Using the Example of a Hydrogen Engine." In Conference on Sustainable Mobility. SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-24-0043.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Growing environmental concerns drive the increasing need for a more climate-friendly mobility and pose a challenge for the development of future powertrains. Hydrogen engines represent a suitable alternative for the heavy-duty segment. However, typical operation includes dynamic conditions and the requirement for high loads that produce the highest NO<sub>x</sub> emissions. These emissions must be reduced below the legal limits through selective catalytic reduction (SCR). The application of such a control sys
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Reports on the topic "Short-term substitutes"

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Fernández-Arias, Eduardo. Financial Dollarization and Dedollarization. Inter-American Development Bank, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009066.

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Financial dollarization is a key factor behind systemic financial fragility in Latin America. The experience shows that dedollarization can be achieved but can just as easily be missed, and worse: blunt dedollarization measures repressing dollarization may easily fail to solve fragility and, instead, foster risky short-term debt or provoke massive financial disintermediation and crisis. This paper analyzes the sources of liability dollarization in a portfolio framework and identifies the failures leading to excessive dollarization meriting policy intervention as well as the reasons why dedolla
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Albrecht, Jochen, Andreas Petutschnig, Laxmi Ramasubramanian, Bernd Resch, and Aleisha Wright. Comparing Twitter and LODES Data for Detecting Commuter Mobility Patterns. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2037.

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Local and regional planners struggle to keep up with rapid changes in mobility patterns. This exploratory research is framed with the overarching goal of asking if and how geo-social network data (GSND), in this case, Twitter data, can be used to understand and explain commuting and non-commuting travel patterns. The research project set out to determine whether GSND may be used to augment US Census LODES data beyond commuting trips and whether it may serve as a short-term substitute for commuting trips. It turns out that the reverse is true and the common practice of employing LODES data to e
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Menéses-González, María Fernanda, Angélica María Lizarazo-Cuéllar, Diego Cuesta-Mora, and Daniel Esteban Osorio-Ramírez. Financial Development and Monetary Policy Transmission. Banco de la República Colombia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1219.

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This paper estimates the effect of financial development on the transmission of monetary policy. To do so, the paper employs a panel data set containing financial development indicators, policy rates, lending rates, and deposit rates for 43 countries for the period 2000-2019 and applies the empirical strategy of Brandao Marques et al. (2020): firstly, monetary policy shocks are estimated using a Taylor-rule specification that relates changes in the policy rate to inflation, the output gap and other observables that are likely to influencemonetary policy decisions; secondly, the residuals of th
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