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Journal articles on the topic 'Shortening and vergence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Greenhalgh, Scott R., John H. McBride, John M. Bartley, R. William Keach, Brooks B. Britt, and Bart J. Kowallis. "Along-strike variability of thrust fault vergence." Interpretation 3, no. 3 (2015): SX1—SX12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0182.1.

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The 3D kinematic evolution of thrust systems, in which vergence changes along strike, is poorly understood. This study uses 3D seismic data from Big Piney-LaBarge field, Wyoming, to examine the geometry and kinematics of two faults at the leading edge of the Hogsback thrust sheet, the frontal thrust of the Late Cretaceous Sevier fold-thrust belt. These thrusts lie along strike of each another and share an east-vergent detachment within the Cretaceous Baxter Shale. The two thrusts verge in opposite directions: The southern thrust verges eastward forming a frontal ramp consistent with major thru

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2

Vasconcelos, Bruno Rodrigo, Amarildo Salina Ruiz, and João Batista de Matos. "Polyphase deformation and metamorphism of the Cuiabá group in the Poconé region (MT), Paraguay Fold and Thrust Belt: kinematic and tectonic implications." Brazilian Journal of Geology 45, no. 1 (2015): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/23174889201500010004.

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Several deformation models have been proposed for the Paraguay Belt, which primarily differ in the number of phases of deformation, direction of vergence and tectonic style. Structural features presented in this work indicate that the tectonics was dominated by low dip thrust sheets in an initial phase, followed by two progressive deformation phases. The first phase of deformation is characterized by a slate cleavage and axial plane of isoclinal recumbent folds with a NE axial direction, with a recrystallization of the minerals in the greenschist facies associated with horizontal shear zones w

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3

Gracia-Marroquín, Diego, Mariano Cerca, Dora Carreón-Freyre, and Bernardino Barrientos-García. "Analogue model of gravity driven deformation in the salt tectonics zone of northeastern Mexico." Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 35, no. 3 (2018): 277–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/cgeo.20072902e.2018.3.739.

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In the deep seated gravity-driven deformation systems of the Gulf of Mexico contemporaneous extension and contraction of the overburden is favored by mechanical decoupling from the basement along thick salt sequences (up to 4 km). The updip extension is located inland, on the continental shelf of northeast Mexico, and is characterized by extensional listric faults and roll-overs; the downdip shortening zone is located at the deep waters and is characterized by a fold and thrust belt detached above the salt layer. Two physical experiments are used to discuss some aspects of these gravity-driven

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4

Carboni, Filippo, Francesco Brozzetti, Francesco Mirabella, et al. "Geological and geophysical study of a thin-skinned tectonic wedge formed during an early collisional stage: the Trasimeno Tectonic Wedge (Northern Apennines, Italy)." Geological Magazine 157, no. 2 (2019): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001675681900061x.

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AbstractThe presence of a set of well-known turbidite successions, deposited in progressively E-migrating foredeep basins and subsequently piled up with east vergence, makes the Northern Apennines of Italy paradigmatic of the evolution of deepwater fold-and-thrust belts. This study focuses on the early Apenninic collisional stage, early Miocene in age, which led to the accretion of the turbidites of the Trasimeno Tectonic Wedge (TTW), in the central part of the Northern Apennines. Based on the interpretation of previously unpublished seismic reflection profiles with new surface geology data an

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van Kooten, Willemijn Sarah Maria Theresia, Hugo Ortner, Ernst Willingshofer, Dimitrios Sokoutis, Alfred Gruber, and Thomas Sausgruber. "Fold localization at pre-existing normal faults: field observations and analogue modelling of the Achental structure, Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria." Solid Earth 15, no. 1 (2024): 91–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-15-91-2024.

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Abstract. Within the Northern Calcareous Alps (NCA) fold-and-thrust belt of the Eastern Alps, multiple pre-shortening deformation phases have contributed to the structural grain that controlled localization of deformation at later stages. In particular, Jurassic rifting and opening of the Alpine Tethys led to the formation of extensional basins at the northern margin of the Apulian plate. Subsequent Cretaceous shortening within the Northern Calcareous Alps produced the enigmatic Achental structure, which forms a sigmoidal transition zone between two E–W-striking major synclines. One of the maj

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6

McLoon, Linda K., Han na Park, Jong-Hee Kim, Fatima Pedrosa-Domellöf, and LaDora V. Thompson. "A continuum of myofibers in adult rabbit extraocular muscle: force, shortening velocity, and patterns of myosin heavy chain colocalization." Journal of Applied Physiology 111, no. 4 (2011): 1178–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00368.2011.

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Extraocular muscle (EOM) myofibers do not fit the traditional fiber typing classifications normally used in noncranial skeletal muscle, in part, due to the complexity of their individual myofibers. With single skinned myofibers isolated from rectus muscles of normal adult rabbits, force and shortening velocity were determined for 220 fibers. Each fiber was examined for myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform composition by densitometric analysis of electrophoresis gels. Rectus muscle serial sections were examined for coexpression of eight MyHC isoforms. A continuum was seen in single myofiber shorte

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7

Wu, Jonny, Ken McClay, and Jose de Vera. "Growth of triangle zone fold-thrusts within the NW Borneo deep-water fold belt, offshore Sabah, southern South China Sea." Geosphere 16, no. 1 (2019): 329–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02106.1.

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Abstract The NW Borneo deep-water fold-and-thrust belt, offshore Sabah, southern South China Sea, contains a structurally complex region of three to four seafloor ridges outboard of the shelf-slope break. Previous studies have suggested the seafloor ridges formed either above shale diapirs produced by mass movement of overpressured shales (i.e., mobile shale) or above an imbricate fold-and-thrust array. Here, we performed tectonostratigraphic analyses on a petroleum industry three-dimensional (3-D) seismic volume that imaged the full growth stratal record. We show fold growth history, deformat

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8

Pinet, Nicolas, Sébastien Castonguay, and Alain Tremblay. "Thrusting and back thrusting in the Taconian internal zone, southern Quebec Appalachians." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 33, no. 9 (1996): 1283–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e96-097.

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Cambro-Ordovician continental-margin rocks of the Humber zone of the Quebec Appalachians were mainly deformed during the Taconian orogeny (Middle Ordovician to Early Silurian). Two Taconian deformational events are recorded west of the Sutton–Notre-Dame mountains anticlinorium axis. They are characterized, respectively, by northwest-directed faulting and synmetamorphic folding (D1−2) and by southeastward back-thrusting motion (D3); the latter deformation has previously been poorly documented in the Quebec Appalachians. This duality of structural vergence is probably induced by the progressive

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Qaisar, Sohail, Sajjad Ahmad, Mukhtiar Ghani, and Tehseen Ullah. "The Regional Extents of Local Thrust Systems in Jabbari and Rupper Town, South East of Hazara Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences 65, no. 1 (2022): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.52763/pjsir.phys.sci.65.1.2022.87.96.

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Geological traverse between the town of Jabbri and Rupper, southeast Hazara delineates the stratigraphic and structural element of the area presented by high resolution geological map and cross section of the area. Oldest rocks in this section is Precambrian Hazara formation which is disconformably overlain by a Jurassic to Eocene sequence including Samana Suk, Chichali, Lumshiwal, Kawagarh, Hangu, Lockhart, Patala, Margalla-hill-limestone, Chorgali and Kuldana formations. Located in Lesser Himalayas, under the influence of main boundary thrust (MBT), this area developed several thrust systems

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Högdahl, Karin, and Stefan Bergman. "Chapter 5 Paleoproterozoic (1.9–1.8 Ga), syn-orogenic magmatism and sedimentation in the Ljusdal lithotectonic unit, Svecokarelian orogen." Geological Society, London, Memoirs 50, no. 1 (2020): 131–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/m50-2016-30.

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AbstractDuctile shear zones with dextral transpressive deformation separate the Ljusdal lithotectonic unit from the neighbouring units (Bothnia–Skellefteå and Bergslagen) in the 2.0–1.8 Ga Svecokarelian orogen. Sedimentation steered by regional crustal extension at c. 1.86–1.83 Ga was sandwiched between two separate phases of ductile strain with crustal shortening and predominantly high-grade metamorphism with plutonic activity. Metamorphism occurred under low-pressure, medium- to high-temperature conditions that locally reached granulite facies. The earlier shortening event resulted in the ac

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Barrera, Daniel, Andrés Mora, and Eliseo Tesón. "Structural analysis of the Bogotá Anticline, Colombian Eastern Cordillera: Implications on deformational styles of the Llanos Foothills." Revista Boletín de Geología 41, no. 3 (2019): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18273/revbol.v41n3-2019001.

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In this study we describe and discuss a structural analysis of the Bogotá Anticline, based on the creation of a new geological map and structural cross sections, to propose a model of evolution for the folding. The Bogotá Anticline is a complex geological structure with important variations in vergence and geometry over very short distances. Because of that, its formation was previously associated with gravitational collapses. The Bogotá Anticline is located in the Bogotá Plateau, which is part of the axial zone of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. We propose that this fold displays a latera

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Zamora-Valcarce, Gonzalo, and Tomás Zapata. "Building a valid structural model in a triangle zone: An example from the Neuquén fold and thrust belt, Argentina." Interpretation 3, no. 4 (2015): SAA117—SAA131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2015-0014.1.

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Structural modeling and systematic analysis are necessary in complex areas even before seismic interpretation. Seismic data in these zones usually show poor-quality images of the geologic elements. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the available information (e.g., seismic, previous wells, and surface geology) is needed to build a comprehensive structural model to constrain the seismic interpretation. Although a restorable structural cross section is not necessarily the unique solution, it is a valid interpretation to begin with, which can be tested against additional information. As an example

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Clinkscales, Christopher, and Paul Kapp. "Structural style and kinematics of the Taihang-Luliangshan fold belt, North China: Implications for the Yanshanian orogeny." Lithosphere 11, no. 6 (2019): 767–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/l1096.1.

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Abstract The Middle–Late Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous fold belts of the Yanshanian orogen in North China remain enigmatic with respect to their coeval deformation histories and possible relationship to the contemporaneous Cordilleran-style margin of eastern Asia. We present geological mapping, structural data, and a >400-km-long, strike-perpendicular balanced cross section for the Taihang-Luliangshan fold belt exposed in the late Cenozoic central Shanxi Rift. The northeast-southwest–trending Taihang-Luliangshan fold belt consists of long-wavelength folds (∼35–110 km) with ∼1–9 km of stru

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Shahpasandzadeh, Majid, Hemin Koyi, and Faramarz Nilfouroushan. "The significance of switch in convergence direction in the Alborz Mountains, northern Iran: Insights from scaled analogue modeling." Interpretation 5, no. 1 (2017): SD81—SD98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2016-0117.1.

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The switch in direction of convergence between Central Iran and the Eurasian Plate is believed to have a significant impact on the structural style in the Alborz Mountains, in the north of Iran. To understand the deformation pattern and investigate the influence of the South Caspian Basin kinematics since the middle Miocene on the structural styles and active tectonics of the Alborz Mountains, a series of scaled analogue models were prepared, in which passively layered loose sand simulating the sedimentary units were subjected to orthogonal and subsequently oblique shortening by a rigid indent

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15

McGroder, Michael F. "Structural geometry and kinematic evolution of the eastern Cascades foldbelt, Washington and British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 26, no. 8 (1989): 1586–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e89-135.

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The eastern Cascades foldbelt is one of three structural domains lying within the complex collision zone between the Insular and Intermontane composite terranes in northern Washington and southern British Columbia. The foldbelt resides between the high-grade metamorphic backbone of the Cascade orogen on the west and rocks of the composite Intermontane terrane to the east. It encompasses the stratigraphically coherent, basalt-floored Jura–Cretaceous Methow basin as well as more chaotically disposed Permian–Jurassic oceanic rocks of the Hozameen terrane. Methow basin rocks are thought to have be

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16

DENG, BIN, LEI JIANG, GAOPING ZHAO, RUI HUANG, YUANBO WANG, and SHUGEN LIU. "Insights into the velocity-dependent geometry and internal strain in accretionary wedges from analogue models." Geological Magazine 155, no. 5 (2017): 1089–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756816001266.

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AbstractAlthough the brittle material in analogue models is characterized by a linear Navier-Coulomb behaviour and rate-independent deformation, the geometry and style of deformation in accretionary wedges is sensitive to shortening velocity. In this study we have constructed a series of analogue models with various shortening velocities in order to study the influence of shortening velocity on the geometry and kinematics of accretionary wedges. Model results illustrate how shortening velocity has an important influence on the geometry and kinematics of the resulting wedge. In general, for mod

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17

Habel, Tania, Martine Simoes, Robin Lacassin, Daniel Carrizo, and German Aguilar. "A contribution to the quantification of crustal shortening and kinematics of deformation across the Western Andes ( ∼ 20–22° S)." Solid Earth 14, no. 1 (2023): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-14-17-2023.

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Abstract. The Andes are an emblematic active Cordilleran orogen. Mountain building in the Central Andes (∼20∘ S) started by the Late Cretaceous to early Cenozoic along the subduction margin and propagated eastward. In general, the structures sustaining the uplift of the western flank of the Andes are dismissed, and their contribution to mountain building remains poorly constrained. Here, we focus on two sites along the Western Andes at ∼20–22∘ S in the Atacama desert, where structures are well exposed. We combine mapping from high-resolution satellite images with field observations and numeric

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18

Csontos, László, István Dunkl, Gábor Vakarcs, and Abid H. Abbaso. "Transversal folding in Himalaya foothill ranges." Földtani Közlöny 149, no. 3 (2019): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.23928/foldt.kozl.2019.149.3.255.

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The Himalayan foreland in N Pakistan, dissected by Main Frontal Thrust (MFT) and Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) contains spectacular salients and syntaxes. The lateral (N-S) boundaries between these salients and syntaxes around Kalabagh city and east-southeast of Islamabad were believed to host deep-seated lateral ramps with strike slip movements. However, seismic data in these two sectors suggest that there are N-S trending folds and locally east- or west-vergent thrusts that affect the Paleozoic-Paleogene cover of the Indian shield, as well as the Miocene-Pliocene molasse sediments. The proposed

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19

Agard, Philippe, Laurent Jolivet, and Bruno Goffe. "Tectonometamorphic evolution of the Schistes Lustres Complex; implications for the exhumation of HP and UHP rocks in the Western Alps." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 172, no. 5 (2001): 617–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/172.5.617.

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Abstract We present new structural and metamorphic data on the Schistes Lustres complex which occupies a central position in the western Alps between the external LP and the internal UHP domains (e.g., the Dora Maira massif). Metamorphic conditions are shown to increase progressively from west to east from ca. 12-13 kbar/300-350 degrees C to 20-21 kbar/450-500 degrees C close to the Dora Maira massif. Two distinct exhumation episodes are recognized: (1) A pervasive east-vergent ductile D2 event, with a large component of vertical shortening, took place under low blueschist-facies to greenschis

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20

Kufrasa, Mateusz, and Piotr Krzywiec. "Impact of mechanical stratification on the structural style of the Lublin Basin, SE Poland: results of seismic interpretation and implications for quantification of deformation within the frontal parts of thin-skinned fold-and-thrust belts." International Journal of Earth Sciences 111, no. 2 (2021): 659–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00531-021-02140-7.

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AbstractWe demonstrate how lithological and mechanical stratification of Ediacaran–Carboniferous sedimentary package governs strain partitioning in the Lublin Basin (LB) which was incorporated in the marginal portion of the Variscan fold-and-thrust belt. Based on the geometry of seismic reflectors, the pre-Permian–Mesozoic sedimentary sequence was subdivided into two structural complexes differing in structural style. The lower one reveals forelandward-vergent imbrication, while the upper one comprises fold train, second-order deformations, and multiple local detachments. Lithological composit

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El Ghali, Abdessalem, Claude Bobier, and Noureddine Ben Ayed. "Significance of the E-W fault system in the geodynamic evolution of the Tunisian Alpine Chain foreland. Example of the Sbiba-Cherichira fault system in Central Tunisia." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 174, no. 4 (2003): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/174.4.373.

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Abstract The recent sedimentary basins in Central Tunisia correspond to a set of depocenters with complex geometry which are bounded by E-W, N070 and N-S brittle structures. These bordering faults, active during Eocene and Cretaceous times, have been rejuvenated at the end of the Neogene and during Quaternary in a relay pattern system associated with compressive and extensive deformations according to the alternance of extension and compression phases (Tortonian Atlasic Phase of compression, post tectonic top Miocene-early Pleistocene extension associated to the rifting of the Tyrrhenian Basin

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22

Gao, Dengliang, Thomas Donahoe, Taizhong Duan, and Peter Sullivan. "Acadian hinterland-vergent detachment structures in the southwestern Appalachian Plateau: Implications for the Marcellus Shale gas exploration and production." Interpretation 6, no. 4 (2018): SN85—SN99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2018-0036.1.

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Three-dimensional seismic data in southwestern Pennsylvania in the Appalachian Plateau demonstrate that the structural style in the Devonian section is dominated by east-vergent folds and reverse faults, which contrasts with that in the Valley and Ridge Province where west-vergent folds and thrusts dominate. Vertical (cross-stratal) variations in fold curvature and fault throw indicate that the intensity of shortening increases from the Salina (Upper Silurian) to the Onondaga (Middle Devonian) and then decreases from the Onondaga to the Elk (Upper Devonian). Lateral (along-stratal) variations

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Manatschal, Gianreto, David Ulfbeck, and Jeroen van Gool. "Change from thrusting to syncollisional extension at a mid-crustal level: an example from the Palaeoproterozoic Nagssugtoqidian Orogen (West Greenland)." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 35, no. 7 (1998): 802–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e98-030.

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The Palaeoproterozoic Nagssugtoqidian Orogen in West Greenland represents a mid- to deep-crustal section through a collisional orogen with a complex intrusive, tectonic, and metamorphic history. In the northeastern central part of the orogen, in the Ussuit area, Palaeoproterozoic intrusive and supracrustal rocks are sandwiched between slices of Archaean rocks forming a stack of lithotectonic units. Juxtaposition of these units occurred during west- to northwest-vergent thrusting along ductile shear zones (= D1) associated with a foliation formed at upper amphibolite facies conditions. D1 struc

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Şengör, A. M. Celâl. "The structural evolution of the Albula Pass region, Graubünden, eastern Switzerland: the origin of the various vergences in the structure of the Alps." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 53, no. 11 (2016): 1279–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2016-0020.

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The Albula Pass region lies between the Lower Austroalpine Err Nappe and the Middle Austroalpine Silvretta Nappe. They will be treated here as the frame of the non- to gently metamorphic sedimentary units between the two during the Alpide times. Sedimentation started on a metamorphic Hercynian basement during the latest Carboniferous(?) and continued into the Permian. Then a sequence from the Alpine Buntsandstein to the medial Jurassic to early Cretaceous Aptychenkalk (=Maiolica) and radiolarites were deposited in an environment of rifting and subsidence. The succeeding Palombini clastics were

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25

Khalili, Marzieh, and Yildirim Dilek. "The 9 April 2013 Kaki earthquake (Mw 6.3) in SW Iran occurred along a blind backthrust in the Fars geological province of the Zagros Fold and Thrust Belt." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 501, no. 1 (2021): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp501-2021-20.

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AbstractThe Zagros Fold and Thrust Belt (ZFTB) in southern Iran is a seismically active tectonic zone, where SW-vergent thrust faults and NW–SE- and NE–SW-oriented strike-slip fault systems accommodate crustal shortening, resulting from the active Arabia–Eurasia collision. The majority of earthquakes in Iran occur within the ZFTB, posing a major hazard for society. The 9 April 2013 Kaki Earthquake (Mw 6.3) in the southern part of the ZFTB took place along a fault that was previously unknown regarding its surface expression, geometry and kinematics. We have used surface–subsurface distributions

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26

Reusch, Douglas N., and Cees R. van Staal. "The Dog Bay – Liberty Line and its significance for Silurian tectonics of the northern Appalachian orogen1This article is one of a series of papers published in this CJES Special Issue: In honour of Ward Neale on the theme of Appalachian and Grenvillian geology.2Geological Survey of Canada Contribution 20100257." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 49, no. 1 (2012): 239–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e11-024.

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The Dog Bay Line, a Silurian suture key to deciphering Appalachian accretionary history, was first recognized in Newfoundland. It marks where the Ordovician Tetagouch–Exploits ensimatic back-arc basin (TEB), which had opened within the leading peri-Gondwanan Gander terrane, finally closed. Here, we extrapolate this suture into New England, placing it between the Liberty–Orrington–Miramichi inliers (LOM) and the Merrimack–Fredericton trough (MFT). Southeastward, marine strata of the MFT overlie the TEB passive margin, exposed in the Ganderian St. Croix block, and display southeast-vergent struc

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Sanborn-Barrie, M., W. J. Davis, R. G. Berman, N. Rayner, T. Skulski, and H. Sandeman. "Neoarchean continental crust formation and Paleoproterozoic deformation of the central Rae craton, Committee Bay belt, Nunavut." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 51, no. 6 (2014): 635–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2014-0010.

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Integrated mapping, structural analysis, and U–Pb geochronology of the Committee Bay area, Nunavut, establish a record of Neoarchean crustal growth followed by penetrative Paleoproterozoic deformation. Supracrustal rocks include a lower ca. 2.73 Ga mafic–ultramafic volcanic-dominated sequence, a middle, economically significant 2.71 Ga intermediate volcanic-bearing sequence with intercalated sulphidized, gold-bearing iron formation, and an upper <2.69 Ga clastic ± komatiite–quartzite sequence. Following an 80 million year hiatus, this succession was intruded by voluminous ca. 2.61–2.57 Ga g

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McDonough, Michael R., Vicki J. McNicoll, Ernst M. Schetselaar, and Timothy W. Grover. "Geochronological and kinematic constraints on crustal shortening and escape in a two-sided oblique-slip collisional and magmatic orogen, Paleoproterozoic Taltson magmatic zone, northeastern Alberta." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37, no. 11 (2000): 1549–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e00-089.

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The southern Taltson magmatic zone (south of 60°N) is a composite continental magmatic arc and collisional orogen resulting from the convergence of the Buffalo Head terrane with the Archean Churchill craton. Taltson basement (ca. 3.23.0 Ga and 2.42.14 Ga) and Rutledge River supracrustal gneisses (2.132.09 Ga) were intruded by voluminous I- and S-type magmatic rocks between 1.99 and 1.92 Ga. Taltson magmatic zone was deformed by three ductile shear zones: Leland Lakes, Charles Lake, and Andrew Lake, exhibiting both strike- and dip-lineated mylonitic domains. Kinematic data for shear zones ar

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Vitale, Stefano, Ernesto Paolo Prinzi, Maria Monda, Francesco D’Assisi Tramparulo, and Sabatino Ciarcia. "Structural and Stratigraphic Setting of Campagna and Giffoni Tectonic Windows: New Insights on the Orogenic Evolution of the Southern Apennines (Italy)." Geosciences 10, no. 10 (2020): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10100405.

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We present a structural study on the tectonic windows of Giffoni and Campagna, located in the western sector of the southern Apennines (Italy). We analyzed thrusts, folds, and related minor deformation structures. Here, a major in-sequence E-verging thrust fault juxtaposes Meso-Cenozoic successions of the Apennine Platform (Picentini Mts unit) and the Lagonegro-Molise Basin (Frigento unit). However, out-of-sequence thrusts duplicated the tectonic pile with the interposition of the upper Miocene wedge-top basin deposits of the Castelvetere Group. We reconstructed the orogenic evolution of these

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Palotai, Márton, and László Csontos. "Strike-slip reactivation of a Paleogene to Miocene fold and thrust belt along the central part of the Mid-Hungarian Shear Zone." Geologica Carpathica 61, no. 6 (2010): 483–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10096-010-0030-3.

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Strike-slip reactivation of a Paleogene to Miocene fold and thrust belt along the central part of the Mid-Hungarian Shear ZoneRecently shot 3D seismic data allowed for a detailed interpretation, aimed at the tectonic evolution of the central part of the Mid-Hungarian Shear Zone (MHZ). The MHZ acted as a NW vergent fold and thrust belt in the Late Oligocene. The intensity of shortening increased westwards, causing clockwise rotation of the western regions, relatively to the mildly deformed eastern areas. Blind thrusting and related folding in the MHZ continued in the Early Miocene. Thrusting an

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Miller, Robert B., and Scott R. Paterson. "Tectonic implications of syn- and post-emplacement deformation of the Mount Stuart batholith for mid-Cretaceous orogenesis in the North Cascades." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 3 (1992): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-041.

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The 93–96 Ma Mount Stuart batholith intruded across the boundary between the Northwest Cascades thrust system and the crystalline core of the North Cascades. Although previously considered posttectonic, the northeast margin of the Mount Stuart batholith and its wall rocks have been involved in syn- to post-emplacement, southwest-directed thrusting and folding, and west-northwest stretching. Contraction ended shortly after emplacement, as indicated by high-temperature recrystallization in thrust-related mylonites of the pluton and by geochronological data, whereas west-northwest stretching cont

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VACEK, FRANTIŠEK, and JIŘÍ ŽÁK. "A lifetime of the Variscan orogenic plateau from uplift to collapse as recorded by the Prague Basin, Bohemian Massif." Geological Magazine 156, no. 3 (2017): 485–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756817000875.

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AbstractThe Ordovician to Middle Devonian Prague Basin, Bohemian Massif, represents the shallowest crust of the Variscan orogen corresponding toc.1–4 km palaeodepth. The basin was inverted and multiply deformed during the Late Devonian to early Carboniferous Variscan orogeny, and its structural inventory provides an intriguing record of complex geodynamic processes that led to growth and collapse of a Tibetan-type orogenic plateau. The northeastern part of the Prague Basin is a simple syncline cross-cut by reverse/thrust faults and represents a doubly vergent compressional fan accommodatingc.1

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László, Csontos, Sasvári Ágoston, Pocsai Tamás, Kósa László, Azad T. Salae, and Ali Athar. "Structural evolution of the northwestern Zagros, Kurdistan Region, Iraq: Implications on oil migration." GeoArabia 17, no. 2 (2012): 81–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia170281.

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ABSTRACT The studied area in Kurdistan Region of Iraq lies across an important topographic/structural boundary between the southern lowlands and the northern, folded and imbricated Zagros Mountains. It also encompasses a prominent change in structural orientation of the northern Zagros, from a general NW-SE “Zagros” to an E-W “Taurus” trend. Geological mapping and structural observations, both in the mountains (Mesozoic–Palaeogene) and in the lowlands (Neogene), led to the following conclusions. (1) The oldest recorded deformation is a layer-parallel shortening, coupled with southwest-vergent

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Di Fiori, Russell V., Sean P. Long, Anne C. Fetrow, Kathryn E. Snell, Joshua W. Bonde, and Jeff Vervoort. "Syncontractional deposition of the Cretaceous Newark Canyon Formation, Diamond Mountains, Nevada: Implications for strain partitioning within the U.S. Cordillera." Geosphere 16, no. 2 (2020): 546–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02168.1.

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Abstract The timing of deformation and deposition within syntectonic basins provides critical information for understanding the evolution of strain in mountain belts. In the U.S. Cordillera, contractional deformation was partitioned between the Sevier thrust belt in Utah and several structural provinces in the hinterland in Nevada. One hinterland province, the Central Nevada thrust belt (CNTB), accommodated up to ∼15 km of shortening; however, in most places, this deformation can only be bracketed between Permian and Eocene. Cretaceous deposits of the Newark Canyon Formation (NCF), which are s

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Costa, Mario, Jessica Chicco, Chiara Invernizzi, Simone Teloni, and Pietro Paolo Pierantoni. "Plio–Quaternary Structural Evolution of the Outer Sector of the Marche Apennines South of the Conero Promontory, Italy." Geosciences 11, no. 5 (2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11050184.

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Some new results and preliminary remarks about the Plio–Quaternary structural and evolutionary characteristics of the outer Marche Apennines south in the Conero promontory are presented in this study. The present analysis is based on several subsurface seismic reflection profiles and well data, kindly provided by ENI S.p.A. and available on the VIDEPI list, together with surface geologic–stratigraphic knowledge of Plio–Quaternary evolution from the literature. Examples of negative vs. positive reactivation of inherited structures in fold and thrust belts are highlighted. Here, we present an ex

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NATAL’IN, BORIS, and ADALET GIZEM SAY. "Eocene–Oligocene stratigraphy and structural history of the Karaburun area, southwestern Black Sea coast, Turkey: transition from extension to compression." Geological Magazine 152, no. 6 (2015): 1104–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756815000229.

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AbstractThe stratigraphic succession exposed in the Karaburun area (southern Black Sea coast, NW Turkey) records multiple changes in depositional and tectonic settings during Cenozoic times. It starts with the Middle–Upper Eocene Soğucak Formation of reef limestone that across a normal fault, omitting the lower part of the Lower Oligocene Ceylan Formation (deep-marine shale unit), abuts the upper part of the Ceylan Formation that is made up of two facies: (1) shallow-marine sandstone and (2) shallow-marine limestone units containing horizons of submarine slumps. Both facies are unconformably o

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Martínez, F., A. Maksymowicz, H. Ochoa, and D. Díaz. "Geometry of the inverted Cretaceous Chañarcillo Basin based on 2-D gravity and field data. An approach to the structure of the western Central Andes of northern Chile." Solid Earth Discussions 7, no. 3 (2015): 2311–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-7-2311-2015.

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Abstract. This paper discusses an integrated approach that provides new ideas about the structural geometry of the NNE-striking, Cretaceous Chañarcillo Basin located along the eastern Coastal Cordillera in the western Central Andes of northern Chile (27–28° S). The results obtained from the integration of two transverse (E–W) gravity profiles with previous geological information, show that the architecture of this basin is defined by a large NNE–SSE-trending and east-vergent anticline ("Tierra Amarilla Anticlinorium"), which is related to the positive reactivation of a former Cretaceous normal

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Martínez, F., A. Maksymowicz, H. Ochoa, and D. Díaz. "Geometry of the inverted Cretaceous Chañarcillo Basin based on 2-D gravity and field data – an approach to the structure of the western Central Andes of northern Chile." Solid Earth 6, no. 4 (2015): 1259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-6-1259-2015.

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Abstract. This paper discusses an integrated approach that provides new ideas about the structural geometry of the NNE-striking, Cretaceous Chañarcillo Basin located along the eastern Coastal Cordillera in the western Central Andes of northern Chile (27–28° S). The results obtained from the integration of two transverse (E–W) gravity profiles with previous geological information show that the architecture of this basin is defined by a large NNE–SSE-trending and east-vergent anticline ("Tierra Amarilla Anticlinorium"), which is related to the positive reactivation of a former Cretaceous normal

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Connelly, James N., Jeroen AM van Gool, and Flemming C. Mengel. "Temporal evolution of a deeply eroded orogen: the Nagssugtoqidian Orogen, West Greenland." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 37, no. 8 (2000): 1121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e00-032.

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The east-northeast-trending Paleoproterozoic Nagssugtoqidian Orogen of West Greenland records the response of deep crust to collision of the North Atlantic craton and a lesser known cratonic mass to the north. This paper presents conventional UPb ages of documented magmatic and thermotectonic events within this orogen, thus providing a precise time frame for its development and offering a test of previous spatial and temporal correlations with segments of the Trans-Hudson Orogen of northern Labrador and Quebec. Convergence of the two cratons culminated in a collision that commenced after 1873

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Law, Richard D., J. Ryan Thigpen, Sarah E. Mazza, et al. "Tectonic Transport Directions, Shear Senses and Deformation Temperatures Indicated by Quartz c-Axis Fabrics and Microstructures in a NW-SE Transect across the Moine and Sgurr Beag Thrust Sheets, Caledonian Orogen of Northern Scotland." Geosciences 11, no. 10 (2021): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11100411.

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Moine metasedimentary rocks of northern Scotland are characterized by arcuate map patterns of mineral lineations that swing progressively clockwise from orogen-perpendicular E-trending lineations in greenschist facies mylonites above the Moine thrust on the foreland edge of the Caledonian Orogen, to S-trending lineations at higher structural levels and metamorphic grades in the hinterland. Quartz c-axis fabrics measured on a west to east coast transect demonstrate that the lineations developed parallel to the maximum principal extension direction and therefore track the local tectonic transpor

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Kneller, B. C., and A. M. Bell. "An Acadian mountain front in the English Lake District: the Westmorland Monocline." Geological Magazine 130, no. 2 (1993): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800009869.

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AbstractThe structure of the southern and central English Lake District is that of a southeast-facing monocline, named here the Westmorland Monocline. This 10 km wide zone of highly cleaved, southeast-dipping rocks separates gently dipping, poorly cleaved Borrowdale Volcanic Group to the north from extensively folded but regionally subhorizontal Windermere Group (foreland basin) rocks to the south. The monocline formed early in the local Acadian deformation sequence, and accommodates at least 8 km of uplift. It coincides with the steep concealed margin of the Lake District batholith. A major n

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Chavant, Martin, and Zoï Kapoula. "Eye-Movement Deficits in Seniors with Hearing Aids: Cognitive and Multisensory Implications." Brain Sciences 12, no. 11 (2022): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12111425.

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In recent years, there has been a growing body of literature highlighting the relationship between presbycusis and consequences in areas other than hearing. In particular, presbycusis is linked to depression, dementia, and cognitive decline. Among this literature, the effect of hearing aids, currently the most common method of treating presbycusis, is also a growing research topic. This pilot study aims to explore the effects of hearing aids on the cognitive and multisensory consequences of presbycusis. To that purpose, saccades and vergences eye movements were studied, towards visual and audi

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Perelló, José. "Geologic observations in the San Marcos area, Coahuila, Mexico: the case for sediment-hosted stratiform copper–silver mineralization in the Sabinas basin during the Laramide orogeny." Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 73, no. 3 (2021): A160321. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2021v73n3a160321.

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The sediment-hosted stratiform copper–silver mineralization in the San Marcos area of Coahuila, northeastern Mexico occurs predominantly at an Early Cretaceous redox boundary between footwall siliciclastic red beds of the San Marcos Formation and hanging-wall carbonate strata of the Cupido Formation in the Sabinas basin. The hypogene mineralization is mainly present as chalcocite-group minerals, with additional bornite and chalcopyrite, and everywhere occurs in both disseminated and vein/veinlet forms. Supergene copper-bearing oxides (malachite, chalcanthite, azurite, chrysocolla) are, however

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Zhou, Jianxun, Fengyin Xu, Chunguang Wei, Gang Li, Fusheng Yu, and Hengmao Tong. "Shortening of analogue models with contractive substrata: Insights into the origin of purely landward-vergent thrusting wedge along the Cascadia subduction zone and the deformation evolution of Himalayan–Tibetan orogen." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 260, no. 1-2 (2007): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.05.048.

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BONINI, MARCO. "Basement-controlled Neogene polyphase cover thrusting and basin development along the Chianti Mountains ridge (Northern Apennines, Italy)." Geological Magazine 136, no. 2 (1999): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756899002277.

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The Chianti Mountains is an important sector of an E-verging regional thrust-related fold (the so-called Tuscan Nappe) extending along the whole length of the Northern Apennines. This thrust system involves the Tuscan Sequence superposing the Macigno sandstones onto Cervarola-Falterona sandstones, both of which are sedimented in adjacent foredeep basins. Detailed field mapping and analysis of superposition relations among tectonic structures, as well as correlation between structures and syntectonic deposition, has allowed Chianti Mountain evolution to be interpreted in terms of three main sta

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Cao, Kai, Philippe Hervé Leloup, Guocan Wang, et al. "Thrusting, exhumation, and basin fill on the western margin of the South China block during the India-Asia collision." GSA Bulletin 133, no. 1-2 (2020): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35349.1.

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Abstract The pattern and timing of deformation in southeast Tibet resulting from the early stages of the India-Asia collision are crucial factors to understand the growth of the Tibetan Plateau, but they remain poorly constrained. Detailed field mapping, structural analysis, and geochronological and thermochronological data along a 120 km section of the Ludian-Zhonghejiang fold-and-thrust belt bounding the Jianchuan basin in western Yunnan, China, document the early Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the conjunction between the Lanping-Simao and South China blocks. The study area is cut by two maj

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Laumonier, Bernard, Christian Marignac, and Philippe Kister. "Polymetamorphism and crustal evolution of the eastern Pyrenees during the Late Carboniferous Variscan orogenesis." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 181, no. 5 (2010): 411–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.181.5.411.

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AbstractAbridged English version. – The Variscan Pyrenean belt (fig. 1) has been for long famous for its Late Carboniferous LP-HT metamorphism, characterised by the prograde succession, in medium grade metapelites, of biotite, cordierite, andalusite and sillimanite, together with staurolite and garnet [Guitard et al., 1996]. However, the discovery of two kyanite generations lead Azambre and Guitard [2001] to propose a polymetamorphic evolution, with an early (MI) and a late (MIII) kyanite-bearing Barrovian stage, preceding and following the main LP-HT stage (MII).Geological settingThe Variscan

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Uhlein, Alexandre, Marco Antônio Fonseca, Hildor José Seer, and Marcel Auguste Dardenne. "TECTÔNICA DA FAIXA DE DOBRAMENTOS BRASÍLIA – SETORES SETENTRIONAL E MERIDIONAL." Geonomos, December 1, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18285/geonomos.v2i20.243.

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A Faixa neoproterozóica de dobramentos e empurrões Brasília é uma das unidades tectônicas do Brasil Central. Uma análiseestrutural e tectônica da Faixa Brasília é aqui apresentada, com dois domínios estruturais: (1) interno, com unidades alóctones, foliação Spsubhorizontal ou suavemente dobrada e médio a alto grau de metamorfismo. (2) domínio externo, com estrutura de dobras e empurrões,predomínio de foliação Sp e médio a baixo grau de metamorfismo. A leste da Faixa Brasília ocorre o domínio cratônico (Craton do São Francisco), com unidades autóctones, suavemente dobradas. A vergência das dobr

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"Collision tectonics of the Ladakh-Zanskar Himalaya." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences 326, no. 1589 (1988): 117–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.1988.0082.

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The collision of the Indian Plate with the Karakoram-Lhasa Blocks and the closing of Neo-Tethys along the Indus Suture Zone (ISZ) is well constrained by sedimentologic, structural and palaeomagnetic data at ca. 50 Ma. Pre-collision high P— low T blueschist facies metamorphism in the ISZ is related to subduction of Tethyan oceanic crust northwards beneath the Jurassic-early Cretaceous Dras island arc. The Spontang ophiolite was obducted south westwards onto the Zanskar shelf before the Eocene closure (Dl). The youngest marine sediments on the Zanskar shelf and along the ISZ are Lower Eocene, af

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Konstantinovskaya, Elena, Gennady Ivanov, Jean-Louis Feybesse, and Jean-Luc Lescuyer. "Structural Features of the Central Labrador Trough: A Model for Strain Partitioning, Differential Exhumation and Late Normal Faulting in a Thrust Wedge under Oblique Shortening." Geoscience Canada, March 29, 2019, 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2019.46.143.

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The west-verging fold and thrust belt of the Central Labrador Trough originated as a part of the New Quebec Orogen from rift inversion as a result of oblique collision and dextral transpression between the Archean Superior craton and the Archean block of the Core Zone during the Trans-Hudson orogeny (1.82−1.77 Ga). The structures associated with dextral transpression are well established in the northern segment of the orogen but not in the central part. We present new field structural observations along the ca. 70 km long W−E Minowean-Romanet transect that include not only elements of thrust t

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