Journal articles: 'Shortwave infrared'

1

Goward, Samuel N. "Shortwave infrared detection of vegetation." Advances in Space Research 5, no. 5 (January 1985): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90255-8.

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Guha, S., H. Govil, M. Tripathi, and M. Besoya. "EVALUATING CROSTA TECHNIQUE FOR ALTERATION MINERAL MAPPING IN MALANJKHAND COPPER MINES, INDIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5 (November 19, 2018): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-251-2018.

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Abstract. Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) data has been successfully employed in the field of mineral exploration to detect important minerals. In this study, Crosta technique was applied to identify the diagnostic features of hydroxyl minerals, carbonate minerals and iron oxides in Malanjkhand copper mines, India. The Crosta technique was applied to six [blue, green, red, near-infrared (NIR), shortwave infrared1 (SWIR1), shortwave infrared2 (SWIR2) bands and two sets of four (blue, red, NIR, SWIR1; and blue, near-infrared, SWIR1, SWIR2) bands of OLI data. Results show that the areas with alteration zones are enhanced much better by using six bands of OLI data. The alteration differences are examined with the Crosta technique using four band combinations. Crosta technique is very useful in generating the images of hydroxyl minerals, carbonate minerals, and iron oxides.

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Li Xin, 李新, 张国伟 Zhang Guowei, 寻丽娜 Xun Lina, 谢萍 Xie Ping, 洪津 Hong Jin, and 郑小兵 Zheng Xiaobing. "Wavelength Calibration of Shortwave Infrared Flat Spectroradiometer." Acta Optica Sinica 28, no. 5 (2008): 902–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos20082805.0902.

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Sicard, M., K. J. Thome, B. G. Crowther, and M. W. Smith. "Shortwave Infrared Spectroradiometer for Atmospheric Transmittance Measurements." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 15, no. 1 (February 1998): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1998)015<0174:sisfat>2.0.co;2.

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Fensholt, Rasmus, and Inge Sandholt. "Derivation of a shortwave infrared water stress index from MODIS near- and shortwave infrared data in a semiarid environment." Remote Sensing of Environment 87, no. 1 (September 2003): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2003.07.002.

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Neinavaz, Elnaz, Roshanak Darvishzadeh, Andrew Skidmore, and Haidi Abdullah. "Integration of Landsat-8 Thermal and Visible-Short Wave Infrared Data for Improving Prediction Accuracy of Forest Leaf Area Index." Remote Sensing 11, no. 4 (February 15, 2019): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11040390.

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Leaf area index (LAI) has been investigated in multiple studies, either by means of visible/near-infrared and shortwave-infrared or thermal infrared remotely sensed data, with various degrees of accuracy. However, it is not yet known how the integration of visible/near and shortwave-infrared and thermal infrared data affect estimates of LAI. In this study, we examined the utility of Landsat-8 thermal infrared data together with its spectral data from the visible/near and shortwave-infrared region to quantify the LAI of a mixed temperate forest in Germany. A field campaign was carried out in August 2015, in the Bavarian Forest National Park, concurrent with the time of the Landsat-8 overpass, and a number of forest structural parameters, including LAI and proportion of vegetation cover, were measured for 37 plots. A normalised difference vegetation index threshold method was applied to calculate land surface emissivity and land surface temperature and their relations to LAI were investigated. Next, the relation between LAI and eight commonly used vegetation indices were examined using the visible/near-infrared and shortwave-infrared remote sensing data. Finally, the artificial neural network was used to predict the LAI using: (i) reflectance data from the Landsat-8 operational land imager (OLI) sensor; (ii) reflectance data from the OLI sensor and the land surface emissivity; and (iii) reflectance data from the OLI sensor and land surface temperature. A stronger relationship was observed between LAI and land surface emissivity compared to that between LAI and land surface temperature. In general, LAI was predicted with relatively low accuracy by means of the vegetation indices. Among the studied vegetation indices, the modified vegetation index had the highest accuracy for LAI prediction (R2CV = 0.33, RMSECV = 1.21 m2m−2). Nevertheless, using the visible/near-infrared and shortwave-infrared spectral data in the artificial neural network, the prediction accuracy of LAI increased (R2CV = 0.58, RMSECV = 0.83 m2m−2). The integration of reflectance and land surface emissivity significantly improved the prediction accuracy of the LAI (R2CV = 0.81, RMSECV = 0.63 m2m−2). For the first time, our results demonstrate that the combination of Landsat-8 reflectance spectral data from the visible/near-infrared and shortwave-infrared domain and thermal infrared data can boost the estimation accuracy of the LAI in a forest ecosystem. This finding has implication for the prediction of other vegetation biophysical, or possibly biochemical variables using thermal infrared satellite remote sensing data, as well as regional mapping of LAI when coupled with a canopy radiative transfer model.

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Hovi, Aarne, and Miina Rautiainen. "Spectral composition of shortwave radiation transmitted by forest canopies." Trees 34, no. 6 (June 25, 2020): 1499–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00468-020-02005-7.

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Abstract Key message Leaf area index and species composition influence red-to-near-infrared and red-to-shortwave-infrared transmittance ratios of boreal and temperate forest canopies. In this short communication paper, we present how the spectral composition of transmitted shortwave radiation (350–2200 nm) varies in boreal and temperate forests based on a detailed set of measurements conducted in Finland and Czechia. Our results show that within-stand variation in canopy transmittance is wavelength dependent, and is the largest for sparse forest stands. Increasing leaf area index (LAI) reduces the overall level of transmittance as well as red-to-near-infrared and red-to-shortwave-infrared transmittance ratios. Given the same LAI, these ratios are lower for broadleaved than for coniferous forests. These results demonstrate the importance of both LAI and forest type (broadleaved vs. coniferous) in determining light quality under forest canopies.

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Chen, Yue, Daniel M. Montana, He Wei, Jose M. Cordero, Marc Schneider, Xavier Le Guével, Ou Chen, Oliver T. Bruns, and Moungi G. Bawendi. "Shortwave Infrared in Vivo Imaging with Gold Nanoclusters." Nano Letters 17, no. 10 (September 27, 2017): 6330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03070.

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Daughtry, C. S. T., E. R. Hunt, and J. E. McMurtrey. "Assessing crop residue cover using shortwave infrared reflectance." Remote Sensing of Environment 90, no. 1 (March 2004): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2003.10.023.

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Liu, Xiangquan, Jun Zheng, Xiuli Li, Zhi Liu, Yuhua Zuo, Chunlai Xue, and Buwen Cheng. "Study of GePb photodetectors for shortwave infrared detection." Optics Express 27, no. 13 (June 13, 2019): 18038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.018038.

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Dai, Xianjin, Kai Cheng, Wei Zhao, and Lei Xing. "X-ray-induced shortwave infrared luminescence computed tomography." Optics Letters 44, no. 19 (September 23, 2019): 4769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.004769.

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Sun Ci, 孙慈, 姚雪峰 Yao Xuefeng, 崔继承 Cui Jicheng, 尹禄 Yin Lu, and 杨晋 Yang Jin. "Mineral Spectrum Measurement Based on Shortwave Infrared Imaging Spectrometer." Acta Optica Sinica 36, no. 2 (2016): 0230001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201636.0230001.

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Spinhirne, James D., William D. Hart, and Dennis L. Hlavka. "Cirrus Infrared Parameters and Shortwave Reflectance Relations from Observations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 53, no. 10 (May 1996): 1438–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<1438:cipasr>2.0.co;2.

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Wu, Taixia, Guanghua Li, Zehua Yang, and Yong Lei. "Analysis of ancient painting by shortwave infrared imaging spectroscopy." Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, S1 (August 2018): 2164–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927618011303.

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Carr, Jessica A., Tulio A. Valdez, Oliver T. Bruns, and Moungi G. Bawendi. "Using the shortwave infrared to image middle ear pathologies." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 36 (August 22, 2016): 9989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610529113.

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Visualizing structures deep inside opaque biological tissues is one of the central challenges in biomedical imaging. Optical imaging with visible light provides high resolution and sensitivity; however, scattering and absorption of light by tissue limits the imaging depth to superficial features. Imaging with shortwave infrared light (SWIR, 1–2 μm) shares many advantages of visible imaging, but light scattering in tissue is reduced, providing sufficient optical penetration depth to noninvasively interrogate subsurface tissue features. However, the clinical potential of this approach has been largely unexplored because suitable detectors, until recently, have been either unavailable or cost prohibitive. Here, taking advantage of newly available detector technology, we demonstrate the potential of SWIR light to improve diagnostics through the development of a medical otoscope for determining middle ear pathologies. We show that SWIR otoscopy has the potential to provide valuable diagnostic information complementary to that provided by visible pneumotoscopy. We show that in healthy adult human ears, deeper tissue penetration of SWIR light allows better visualization of middle ear structures through the tympanic membrane, including the ossicular chain, promontory, round window niche, and chorda tympani. In addition, we investigate the potential for detection of middle ear fluid, which has significant implications for diagnosing otitis media, the overdiagnosis of which is a primary factor in increased antibiotic resistance. Middle ear fluid shows strong light absorption between 1,400 and 1,550 nm, enabling straightforward fluid detection in a model using the SWIR otoscope. Moreover, our device is easily translatable to the clinic, as the ergonomics, visual output, and operation are similar to a conventional otoscope.

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Daughtry, Craig S. T. "Discriminating Crop Residues from Soil by Shortwave Infrared Reflectance." Agronomy Journal 93, no. 1 (January 2001): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj2001.931125x.

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Cosco, Emily D., Justin R. Caram, Oliver T. Bruns, Daniel Franke, Rachael A. Day, Erik P. Farr, Moungi G. Bawendi, and Ellen M. Sletten. "Flavylium Polymethine Fluorophores for Near- and Shortwave Infrared Imaging." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 56, no. 42 (September 14, 2017): 13126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201706974.

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Wu, Zhenghui, Weichuan Yao, Alexander E. London, Jason D. Azoulay, and Tse Nga Ng. "Elucidating the Detectivity Limits in Shortwave Infrared Organic Photodiodes." Advanced Functional Materials 28, no. 18 (March 9, 2018): 1800391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201800391.

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Thompson, David R., Ian McCubbin, Bo Cai Gao, Robert O. Green, Alyssa A. Matthews, Fan Mei, Kerry G. Meyer, et al. "Measuring cloud thermodynamic phase with shortwave infrared imaging spectroscopy." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 121, no. 15 (August 12, 2016): 9174–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016jd024999.

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Cosco, Emily D., Justin R. Caram, Oliver T. Bruns, Daniel Franke, Rachael A. Day, Erik P. Farr, Moungi G. Bawendi, and Ellen M. Sletten. "Flavylium Polymethine Fluorophores for Near- and Shortwave Infrared Imaging." Angewandte Chemie 129, no. 42 (September 14, 2017): 13306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201706974.

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Tran, Huong, Thach Pham, Wei Du, Yang Zhang, Perry C. Grant, Joshua M. Grant, Greg Sun, et al. "High performance Ge0.89Sn0.11photodiodes for low-cost shortwave infrared imaging." Journal of Applied Physics 124, no. 1 (July 7, 2018): 013101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5020510.

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Wu, Taixia, Guanghua Li, Zehua Yang, Hongming Zhang, Yong Lei, Nan Wang, and Lifu Zhang. "Shortwave Infrared Imaging Spectroscopy for Analysis of Ancient Paintings." Applied Spectroscopy 71, no. 5 (November 24, 2016): 977–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702816660724.

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Spectral analysis is one of the main non-destructive techniques used to examine cultural relics. Hyperspectral imaging technology, especially on the shortwave infrared (SWIR) band, can clearly extract information from paintings, such as color, pigment composition, damage characteristics, and painting techniques. All of these characteristics have significant scientific and practical value in the study of ancient paintings and other relics and in their protection and restoration. In this study, an ancient painting, numbered Gu-6541, which had been found in the Forbidden City, served as a sample. A ground-based SWIR imaging spectrometer was used to produce hyperspectral images with high spatial and spectral resolution. Results indicated that SWIR imaging spectral data greatly facilitates the extraction of line features used in drafting, even using a single band image. It can be used to identify and classify mineral pigments used in paintings. These images can detect alterations and traces of daub used in painting corrections and, combined with hyperspectral data analysis methods such as band combination or principal component analysis, such information can be extracted to highlight outcomes of interest. In brief, the SWIR imaging spectral technique was found to have a highly favorable effect on the extraction of line features from drawings and on the identification of colors, classification of paintings, and extraction of hidden information.

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Carr, Jessica A., Marianne Aellen, Daniel Franke, Peter T. C. So, Oliver T. Bruns, and Moungi G. Bawendi. "Absorption by water increases fluorescence image contrast of biological tissue in the shortwave infrared." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 37 (August 27, 2018): 9080–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1803210115.

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Recent technology developments have expanded the wavelength window for biological fluorescence imaging into the shortwave infrared. We show here a mechanistic understanding of how drastic changes in fluorescence imaging contrast can arise from slight changes of imaging wavelength in the shortwave infrared. We demonstrate, in 3D tissue phantoms and in vivo in mice, that light absorption by water within biological tissue increases image contrast due to attenuation of background and highly scattered light. Wavelengths of strong tissue absorption have conventionally been avoided in fluorescence imaging to maximize photon penetration depth and photon collection, yet we demonstrate that imaging at the peak absorbance of water (near 1,450 nm) results in the highest image contrast in the shortwave infrared. Furthermore, we show, through microscopy of highly labeled ex vivo biological tissue, that the contrast improvement from water absorption enables resolution of deeper structures, resulting in a higher imaging penetration depth. We then illustrate these findings in a theoretical model. Our results suggest that the wavelength-dependent absorptivity of water is the dominant optical property contributing to image contrast, and is therefore crucial for determining the optimal imaging window in the infrared.

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Carr, Jessica A., Daniel Franke, Justin R. Caram, Collin F. Perkinson, Mari Saif, Vasileios Askoxylakis, Meenal Datta, et al. "Shortwave infrared fluorescence imaging with the clinically approved near-infrared dye indocyanine green." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 17 (April 6, 2018): 4465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1718917115.

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Fluorescence imaging is a method of real-time molecular tracking in vivo that has enabled many clinical technologies. Imaging in the shortwave IR (SWIR; 1,000–2,000 nm) promises higher contrast, sensitivity, and penetration depths compared with conventional visible and near-IR (NIR) fluorescence imaging. However, adoption of SWIR imaging in clinical settings has been limited, partially due to the absence of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved fluorophores with peak emission in the SWIR. Here, we show that commercially available NIR dyes, including the FDA-approved contrast agent indocyanine green (ICG), exhibit optical properties suitable for in vivo SWIR fluorescence imaging. Even though their emission spectra peak in the NIR, these dyes outperform commercial SWIR fluorophores and can be imaged in the SWIR, even beyond 1,500 nm. We show real-time fluorescence imaging using ICG at clinically relevant doses, including intravital microscopy, noninvasive imaging in blood and lymph vessels, and imaging of hepatobiliary clearance, and show increased contrast compared with NIR fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, we show tumor-targeted SWIR imaging with IRDye 800CW-labeled trastuzumab, an NIR dye being tested in multiple clinical trials. Our findings suggest that high-contrast SWIR fluorescence imaging can be implemented alongside existing imaging modalities by switching the detection of conventional NIR fluorescence systems from silicon-based NIR cameras to emerging indium gallium arsenide-based SWIR cameras. Using ICG in particular opens the possibility of translating SWIR fluorescence imaging to human clinical applications. Indeed, our findings suggest that emerging SWIR-fluorescent in vivo contrast agents should be benchmarked against the SWIR emission of ICG in blood.

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Wang Jian, 王健, 崔天翔 Cui Tianxiang, 王一 Wang Yi, and 孙林 Sun Lin. "高分五号可见短波红外高光谱影像云检测研究." Acta Optica Sinica 41, no. 9 (2021): 0928003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos202141.0928003.

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Ham, Jay M., G. J. Kluitenberg, and W. J. Lamont. "Optical Properties of Plastic Mulches Affect the Field Temperature Regime." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 118, no. 2 (March 1993): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.118.2.188.

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Research was conducted to determine the optical properties of eight plastic mulches and evaluate their effects on soil, mulch, and air temperatures in the field. Optical properties of the mulches were measured in the laboratory in the shortwave (0.3 to 1.1 μm) and longwave (2.5 to 25 μm) wavebands using a spectroradiometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, respectively. Additionally, each mulch was installed on a fine sandy loam soil near Manhattan, Kan. Air and soil temperatures were measured 5 cm above and 10 cm below the surface, respectively. Measurements of longwave radiation emitted and reflected from the surface were used to approximate the apparent temperature of the surface. Shortwave transmittance of the mulches ranged from 0.01 to 0.84, and shortwave reflectance ranged from 0.01 to 0.48, with the greatest reflectance from white and aluminized mulches. Infrared transmittance ranged from 0.87 for a black photodegradable mulch to 0.09 for aluminized material. Air temperatures at 5 cm were similar for all mulch treatments, but were typically 3 to 5C higher than the air at 1.5 m during the day. Midday soil temperatures were highest beneath mulches with high shortwave absorptance (black plastics) or those with high shortwave transmittance coupled with low longwave transmittance. Apparent surface temperatures approached 70 to 80C during midday, with the highest temperatures occurring on mulches with high shortwave absorptance. For some mulches, both, shortwave and longwave optical properties of the plastic governed the level of radiative heating. Our results suggest that conduction of heat between the plastic and the soil surface also affects the extent of soil heating in a mulched field.

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Musnier, Benjamin, K. David Wegner, Clothilde Comby-Zerbino, Vanessa Trouillet, Muriel Jourdan, Ines Häusler, Rodolphe Antoine, Jean-Luc Coll, Ute Resch-Genger, and Xavier Le Guével. "High photoluminescence of shortwave infrared-emitting anisotropic surface charged gold nanoclusters." Nanoscale 11, no. 25 (2019): 12092–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr04120f.

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Montpetit, B., A. Royer, A. Langlois, P. Cliche, A. Roy, N. Champollion, G. Picard, F. Domine, and R. Obbard. "New shortwave infrared albedo measurements for snow specific surface area retrieval." Journal of Glaciology 58, no. 211 (2012): 941–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2012jog11j248.

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AbstractSnow grain-size characterization, its vertical and temporal evolution is a key parameter for the improvement and validation of snow and radiative transfer models (optical and microwave) as well as for remote-sensing retrieval methods. We describe two optical methods, one active and one passive shortwave infrared, for field determination of the specific surface area (SSA) of snow grains. We present a new shortwave infrared (SWIR) camera approach. This new method is compared with a SWIR laser- based system measuring snow albedo with an integrating sphere (InfraRed Integrating Sphere (IRIS)). Good accuracy (10%) and reproducibility in SSA measurements are obtained using the IRIS system on snow samples having densities greater than 200 kg m-3, validated against X-ray microtomography measurements. The SWIRcam approach shows improved sensitivity to snow SSA when compared to a near-infrared camera, giving a better contrast of the snow stratigraphy in a snow pit.

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Chatterjee, Satadru, William E. Meador, Cameron Smith, Indika Chandrasiri, Mohammad Farid Zia, Jay Nguyen, Austin Dorris, et al. "SWIR emissive RosIndolizine dyes with nanoencapsulation in water soluble dendrimers." RSC Advances 11, no. 45 (2021): 27832–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra05479a.

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Chen, Yong, Yong Han, Paul van Delst, and Fuzhong Weng. "Assessment of Shortwave Infrared Sea Surface Reflection and Nonlocal Thermodynamic Equilibrium Effects in the Community Radiative Transfer Model Using IASI Data." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30, no. 9 (September 1, 2013): 2152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-12-00267.1.

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Abstract The nadir-viewing satellite radiances at shortwave infrared channels from 3.5 to 4.6 μm are not currently assimilated in operational numerical weather prediction data assimilation systems and are not adequately corrected for applications of temperature retrieval at daytime. For satellite observations over the ocean during the daytime, the radiance in the surface-sensitive shortwave infrared is strongly affected by the reflected solar radiance, which can contribute as much as 20.0 K to the measured brightness temperatures (BT). The nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) emission in the 4.3-μm CO2 band can add a further 10 K to the measured BT. In this study, a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) is developed for the ocean surface and an NLTE radiance correction scheme is investigated for the hyperspectral sensors. Both effects are implemented in the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM). The biases of CRTM simulations to Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) observations and the standard deviations of the biases are greatly improved during daytime (about a 1.5-K bias for NLTE channels and a 0.3-K bias for surface-sensitive shortwave channels) and are very close to the values obtained during the night. These improved capabilities in CRTM allow for effective uses of satellite data at short infrared wavelengths in data assimilation systems and in atmospheric soundings throughout the day and night.

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Luo, Lu, Simone Assali, Mahmoud Atalla, Sebastian Koelling, and Oussama Moutanabbir. "Tunable Shortwave Infrared and Midwave Infrared Optoelectronics in Germanium/Germanium Tin Core/Shell Nanowires." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2020-01, no. 22 (May 1, 2020): 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2020-01221321mtgabs.

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Landgraf, Jochen, Joost aan de Brugh, Remco Scheepmaker, Tobias Borsdorff, Haili Hu, Sander Houweling, Andre Butz, Ilse Aben, and Otto Hasekamp. "Carbon monoxide total column retrievals from TROPOMI shortwave infrared measurements." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 10 (October 7, 2016): 4955–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4955-2016.

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Abstract. The Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) spectrometer is the single payload of the Copernicus Sentinel 5 Precursor (S5P) mission. It measures Earth radiance spectra in the shortwave infrared spectral range around 2.3 µm with a dedicated instrument module. These measurements provide carbon monoxide (CO) total column densities over land, which for clear sky conditions are highly sensitive to the tropospheric boundary layer. For cloudy atmospheres over land and ocean, the column sensitivity changes according to the light path through the atmosphere. In this study, we present the physics-based operational S5P algorithm to infer atmospheric CO columns satisfying the envisaged accuracy ( < 15 %) and precision ( < 10 %) both for clear sky and cloudy observations with low cloud height. Here, methane absorption in the 2.3 µm range is combined with methane abundances from a global chemical transport model to infer information on atmospheric scattering. For efficient processing, we deploy a linearized two-stream radiative transfer model as forward model and a profile scaling approach to adjust the CO abundance in the inversion. Based on generic measurement ensembles, including clear sky and cloudy observations, we estimated the CO retrieval precision to be ≤ 11 % for surface albedo ≥ 0.03 and solar zenith angle ≤ 70°. CO biases of ≤ 3 % are introduced by inaccuracies in the methane a priori knowledge. For strongly enhanced CO concentrations in the tropospheric boundary layer and for cloudy conditions, CO errors in the order of 8 % can be introduced by the retrieval of cloud parameters of our algorithm. Moreover, we estimated the effect of a distorted spectral instrument response due to the inhomogeneous illumination of the instrument entrance slit in the flight direction to be < 2 % with pseudo-random characteristics when averaging over space and time. Finally, the CO data exploitation is demonstrated for a TROPOMI orbit of simulated shortwave infrared measurements. Overall, the study demonstrates that for an instrument that performs in compliance with the pre-flight specifications, the CO product will meet the required product performance well.

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Santiago, Freddie, Brett E. Bagwell, Victor Pinon, and Sanjay Krishna. "Adaptive polymer lens for rapid zoom shortwave infrared imaging applications." Optical Engineering 53, no. 12 (December 2, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.53.12.125101.

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Jiang, Xudong, Mark A. Itzler, Kevin O’Donnell, Mark Entwistle, and Krystyna Slomkowski. "Shortwave infrared negative feedback avalanche diodes and solid-state photomultipliers." Optical Engineering 53, no. 8 (June 20, 2014): 081908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.53.8.081908.

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Kernke, Robert, Martin Hempel, Jens W. Tomm, Thomas Elsaesser, Bernhard Stojetz, Harald König, and Uwe Strauß. "Shortwave infrared (SWIR) emission from 450 nm InGaN diode lasers." Optical Materials Express 6, no. 6 (May 27, 2016): 2139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.6.002139.

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Krieg, Jürgen, and Uwe Adomeit. "Comparative long-time visible and shortwave infrared night illumination measurements." Applied Optics 58, no. 36 (December 11, 2019): 9876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.58.009876.

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Tower, J. R., L. E. Pellon, B. M. McCarthy, H. Elabd, A. G. Moldovan, W. F. Kosonocky, J. E. Kalshoven, and D. Tom. "Shortwave infrared 512 × 2 line sensor for earth resources applications." IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 32, no. 8 (August 1985): 1574–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t-ed.1985.22166.

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Ghetmiri, Seyed Amir, Wei Du, Benjamin R. Conley, Aboozar Mosleh, Amjad Nazzal, Greg Sun, Richard A. Soref, et al. "Shortwave-infrared photoluminescence from Ge1−xSnx thin films on silicon." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena 32, no. 6 (November 2014): 060601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.4897917.

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Valdez, Tulio A., Jessica A. Carr, Katherine R. Kavanagh, Marissa Schwartz, Danielle Blake, Oliver Bruns, and Moungi Bawendi. "Initial findings of shortwave infrared otoscopy in a pediatric population." International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 114 (November 2018): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.08.024.

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Zhang, Ruoyu, Changying Li, Mengyun Zhang, and James Rodgers. "Shortwave infrared hyperspectral reflectance imaging for cotton foreign matter classification." Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 127 (September 2016): 260–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2016.06.023.

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Sexton, Thomas, Sindhuja Sankaran, and Asaph B. Cousins. "Predicting photosynthetic capacity in tobacco using shortwave infrared spectral reflectance." Journal of Experimental Botany 72, no. 12 (March 18, 2021): 4373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab118.

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Abstract Plateauing yield and stressful environmental conditions necessitate selecting crops for superior physiological traits with untapped potential to enhance crop performance. Plant productivity is often limited by carbon fixation rates that could be improved by increasing maximum photosynthetic carboxylation capacity (Vcmax). However, Vcmax measurements using gas exchange and biochemical assays are slow and laborious, prohibiting selection in breeding programs. Rapid hyperspectral reflectance measurements show potential for predicting Vcmax using regression models. While several hyperspectral models have been developed, contributions from different spectral regions to predictions of Vcmax have not been clearly identified or linked to biochemical variation contributing to Vcmax. In this study, hyperspectral reflectance data from 350–2500 nm were used to build partial least squares regression models predicting in vivo and in vitro Vcmax. Wild-type and transgenic tobacco plants with antisense reductions in Rubisco content were used to alter Vcmax independent from chlorophyll, carbon, and nitrogen content. Different spectral regions were used to independently build partial least squares regression models and identify key regions linked to Vcmax and other leaf traits. The greatest Vcmax prediction accuracy used a portion of the shortwave infrared region from 2070 nm to 2470 nm, where the inclusion of fewer spectral regions resulted in more accurate models.

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Cosco, Emily D., Irene Lim, and Ellen M. Sletten. "Photophysical Properties of Indocyanine Green in the Shortwave Infrared Region." ChemPhotoChem 5, no. 8 (May 19, 2021): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cptc.202100045.

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Tsuboi, Setsuko, and Takashi Jin. "Shortwave-infrared (SWIR) fluorescence molecular imaging using indocyanine green–antibody conjugates for the optical diagnostics of cancerous tumours." RSC Advances 10, no. 47 (2020): 28171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra04710d.

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Herbin, H., L. C. Labonnote, and P. Dubuisson. "Multispectral information from TANSO-FTS instrument – Part 1: Application to greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) in clear sky conditions." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 6, no. 11 (November 28, 2013): 3301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-3301-2013.

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Abstract. The Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) mission, and in particular the Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observations–Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) instrument, has the advantage of being able to measure simultaneously the same field of view in different spectral ranges with a high spectral resolution. These features allow studying the benefits of using multispectral measurements to improve the CO2 and CH4 retrievals. In order to quantify the impact of the spectral synergy on the retrieval accuracy, we performed an information content (IC) analysis from simulated spectra corresponding to the three infrared bands of TANSO-FTS. The advantages and limitations of using thermal and shortwave infrared simultaneously are discussed according to surface type and state vector composition. The IC is then used to determine the most informative spectral channels for the simultaneous retrieval of CO2 and CH4. The results show that a channel selection spanning the three infrared bands can improve the computation time and retrieval accuracy. Therefore, a selection of less than 700 channels from the thermal infrared (TIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands allows retrieving CO2 and CH4 simultaneously with a similar accuracy to using all channels together to retrieve each gas separately.

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Li, J., C. L. Curry, Z. Sun, and F. Zhang. "Overlap of Solar and Infrared Spectra and the Shortwave Radiative Effect of Methane." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 67, no. 7 (July 1, 2010): 2372–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jas3282.1.

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Abstract This paper focuses on two shortcomings of radiative transfer codes commonly used in climate models. The first aspect concerns the partitioning of solar versus infrared spectral energy. In most climate models, the solar spectrum comprises wavelengths less than 4 μm with all incoming solar energy deposited in that range. In reality, however, the solar spectrum extends into the infrared, with about 12 W m−2 in the 4–1000-μm range. In this paper a simple method is proposed wherein the longwave radiative transfer equation with solar energy input is solved. In comparison with the traditional method, the new solution results in more solar energy absorbed in the atmosphere and less at the surface. As mentioned in a recent intercomparison of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) and line-by-line (LBL) radiation models, most climate model radiation schemes neglect shortwave absorption by methane. However, the shortwave radiative forcing at the surface due to CH4 since the preindustrial period is estimated to exceed that due to CO2. The authors show that the CH4 shortwave effect can be included in a correlated k-distribution model, with the additional flux being accurately simulated in comparison with LBL models. Ten-year GCM simulations are presented, showing the detailed climatic effect of these changes in radiation treatment. It is demonstrated that the inclusion of solar flux in the infrared range produces a significant amount of extra warming in the atmosphere, specifically (i) in the tropical stratosphere where the warming can exceed 1 K day−1, and (ii) near the tropical tropopause layer. Additional GCM simulations show that inclusion of CH4 in the shortwave calculations also produces a warming of the atmosphere and a consequent reduction of the upward flux at the top of the atmosphere.

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Kruse, Fred A. "Integrated visible and near-infrared, shortwave infrared, and longwave infrared full-range hyperspectral data analysis for geologic mapping." Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 9, no. 1 (September 23, 2015): 096005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.jrs.9.096005.

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Zhou, Wen, and Hon Ki Tsang. "Dual-wavelength-band subwavelength grating coupler operating in the near infrared and extended shortwave infrared." Optics Letters 44, no. 15 (July 17, 2019): 3621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.003621.

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Jing, Xiaoli, Jie Tang, Yang Liu, Xiaomei Lu, and Bing Liang. "A study on the identification of habitats and determination of sulfur dioxide residue of Radix Astragali by UV-vis-SWNIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy." RSC Advances 7, no. 28 (2017): 17236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra00494j.

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UV-visible-shortwave near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy with chemometrics is used first for simple, fast and nondestructive identification of habitat and determination of SO₂ residue of Chinese herb medicine.

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Sadeghi, Morteza, Wenyi Sheng, Ebrahim Babaeian, Markus Tuller, and Scott B. Jones. "High‐Resolution Shortwave Infrared Imaging of Water Infiltration into Dry Soil." Vadose Zone Journal 16, no. 13 (December 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/vzj2017.09.0167.

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Ren Guodong, 任国栋, 张良 Zhang Liang, 兰卫华 Lan Weihua, 赵延 Zhao Yan, and 潘晓东 Pan Xiaodong. "Analysis and Suppression of Stray Radiation of Shortwave Infrared Imaging System." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 52, no. 12 (2015): 122901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop52.122901.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Shortwave infrared'

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