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1
Nguyen, Thuy Thi Hong. "Modeling socio-economic and environmental impacts of shrimp farming in Mekong Delta, Vietnam." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2009/T_Nguyen_042809.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in environmental science)--Washington State University, May 2009.Title from PDF title page (viewed on June 9, 2009). "School of Earth and Environmental Sciences." Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-61).
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Ku, Wa. "Is Mai Po Gei Wai shrimp cultivation sustainable? : a comparative study with a commercial shrimp farm /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23427097.
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Pengseng, Puan Boyd Claude E. "Resource use and waste production at a semi-intensive black tiger prawn Penaeus monodon farm." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/Send%2002-04-08/PENGSENG_PUAN_14.pdf.
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Burford, Michele. "Fate and transformation of dietary nitrogen in penaeid prawn aquaculture ponds /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2000. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18560.pdf.
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Ng, Lai-yee Joyce. "Culture of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in re-circulating artificial sea-water systems /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38030883.
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Ng, Lai-yee Joyce, and 吳麗儀. "Culture of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in re-circulating artificial sea-water systems." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45015612.
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Feldman, Kristine Ladyka. "Contrasting patterns of habitat-specific recruitment success in sympatric species of thalassinidean shrimp : effects of epibenthic bivalve shell with implications for population control in areas with commercial oyster culture /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5321.
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Ku, Wa, and 顧華. "Is Mai Po Gei Wai shrimp cultivation sustainable?: a comparative study with a commercial shrimp farm." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254913.
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Ahmed, Nesar. "Socio-economic aspects of freshwater prawn culture development in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1497.
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This thesis is concerned with social and economic aspects of freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) culture development in converted paddy field gher systems in SW Bangladesh, based on economic features of prawn production and social impacts within and around prawn farming communities. Based on a sample of 400 farmers from the four different zones in Bagerhat district in SW Bangladesh, 345 (86.25%) cultured prawn with fish and rice in their gher. The culture period is typically nine months, wild fry are stocked when available in May-June and harvested from November to January. A variety of feeds are used but the preferred material is the freshwater snail, Pila globosa. Productivity is variable, averaging 432 kg ha-!. The freshwater prawn is a highly valued product for international markets and is therefore almost all exported. All farmers in all zones and different gher size categories made a profit, with seed and feed dominating variable costs. Considerable variation in production costs and profitability was observed. The culture of prawn in gher systems is technically possible in a variety of conditions though expanding small scale of farming mainly depends on reducing production costs. Future targets could be to integrate with other agricultural activities especially dike cropping and rice production in the monsoon. The livelihoods of a large number of people are associated with prawn farming. Four different fry, snail and prawn markets were surveyed, including a sample of 60 fry catchers, 40 fry traders, 75 snail collectors, 40 snail traders and 40 prawn traders. A sample of 200 women, associated with gher farms was also surveyed. In spite of socio-economic constraints, most of the households of farmers (81 %) have improved their status through prawn farming where prawn have brought out clearly positive changes of economic activities and generated new employment. All appeared to have gained from their activities, women have enhanced their position in families and societies. However, concerns arise about the long-term sustainability of prawn farming due to high production costs, low supply of wild fry and snail meat, poor natural resources, poor institutional support and inadequate extension services, all of which have affected sustainable livelihoods of farmers and associated groups. It may necessary to establish local ingredients feed industries, prawn hatcheries and to provide low-interest credit with institutional and policy support for sustainable gher farming.
10
Santos, José Luís. "Micrometeorology of a shrimp farm : a case study in Ecuador." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25981.
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Rodriguez, Sala Bruno Gomez Gil. "Evaluation of potential probionts for use in penaeid shrimp larval culture." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244497.
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Platon, Rolando R. "Scale-up studies on the culture of brine shrimp Artemia fed with rice bran." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25959.
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The effects of water movement or agitation on the biological performance of planktonic organisms under intensive culture have been rarely studied quantitatively. Stagnation or minimum values are considered important in the problem of scale-up based on optimum conditions. Near stagnation, inadequate water movement brings about undesirable effects, e.g. accumulation of metabolites, uneven distribution of feed and low dissolved oxygen concentration. An important mechanism associated with water movement at these conditions is the oxygenation process which defines the oxygen transfer rate from the gas to the water.
Experiments were conducted using potable water to determine the overall oxygen mass transfer coefficient in two types of container geometries; a) cylindri-conical tank and b) oblong-shaped center- partitioned raceway. For each type of container, three geometrically similar sizes were investigated with scale ratio of approximately 1:2:3.5. Agitation was induced by the introduction of air into the system. General correlations for both tank geometries were obtained from experimental data and were expressed in terms of the operating and geometric parameters. The correlations are in the form of dimensionless groups (Froude and Reynolds numbers) making them appropriate for scale-up estimates.
The general correlations for the overall oxygen mass transfer coefficient were subsequently used to provide the scaling equations to define the operating parameters in different sizes of containers for the culture of brine shrimp in sea water fed with rice bran. The high correlation coefficient obtained for the relationship between total brine shrimp biomass production and the overall mass transfer coefficient applicable to different sizes of both the cylindri-conical tank and the raceway indicates that the overall oxygen mass transfer coefficient is an effective scale-up criterion in brine shrimp culture.Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies
Graduate
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Leung, Siu-fai. "The population dynamics of Metapenaeus ensis (Penaeidae) and Exopalaemon styliferus (Palaemonidae) in a traditional tidal shrimp pond at the Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13149106.
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Bukhari, Feisal Abdulaziz. "Studies to optimise the culture conditions for Penaeis indicus from the Saudi Arabian coast of the Red Sea." Thesis, Bangor University, 1994. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/studies-to-optimise-the-culture-conditions-for-penaeis-indicus-from-the-saudi-arabian-coast-of-the-red-sea(e21fb7fb-a33c-4a79-92d6-b252c5cf7bd4).html.
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On the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia ponds utilising seawater drawn from wells have an average salinity of 43%o and temperatures ranging from 23-33°C. The present study has demonstrated that yields of up to 4.3 tonnes ha"' of the Indian white shrimp Penaeus indicus at 20 g size may be obtained in these ponds. P. indicus was isolated from local stocks (Gizan) and has now been cultured through several generations at the Fish Farming Centre. Present work has determined that the optimal salinity for larval culture is 30960 and for nursery culture 25-30960. The best stage for transfer from nursery to growout pond (43960) is about PL25. Comparison with biological data for P. indicus cultured elsewhere indicates that Red Sea populations may be preadapted to tolerate high salinities. The potential for artificial feeds to replace live feeds in P. indicus larval culture from Z1 to PL1 and PL5 using microencapsulated feeds, Nippai and Frippak has been investigated. Results reveal that 50% replacement with Nippai and Frippak is possible giving comparable growth to the control, but poorer survival. Also comparative growth trials were conducted with post larval P. indicus (PL5-PL30) spawned from Red Sea stock and cultured through larval stages on five feeds (Chaetoceros, Tetraselmis and Artemia). Post larvae were reared on commercial feeds: Taiwanese, Nippai, Frippak and 4 formulated feeds based on locally available ingredients at 28-30°C and at 3016 and 42i salinities. Feeding trials at 42% produced poor survival, but at 30% all treatments gave over 50% survival to PL25, at which stage shrimp are ready for stocking in growout ponds. Although the Taiwanese feed produced the overall fastest growth, it was not significantly better (P > 0.05) than two locally formulated diets (FFC1,4) or Frippak. Survival rates of over 60% where achieved on all diets with the exception of Nippai and Taiwanese feeds. Yields were significantly higher (P < 0.05) on one of the locally prepared diets (FFC1) than Taiwanese and Nippai, and Taiwanese than Nippai. All diets yielded significantly more shrimp biomass at 30960 than 4216 (P > 0.05). The relative costs of imported and locally produced diets are discussed and it is concluded that it is possible to produce cost-effective nursery diets in Saudi Arabia. A growout feeding study for P. indicus juvenile utilising 4 locally formulated diets compared with a Taiwanese diet revealed no significant difference (P. > 0.05) in survival nor in growth or yield amongst all diets. However growth was slow due to low pH and high ammonia levels. Finally shrimp density production trials at 20, 40,60 and 80m"2 during winter and summer were conducted in cages placed in a rubber lined pond. For all densities; yields were significantly higher in summer than winter with an overall average of 3.41±1.5 tonnes and 4.04±2.36 tonnes 180 days-- for winter and summer respectively. Yield at 80m'1 was highest but was not different from yield at 60m'2. Based on average harvested size and market price the density of 60. =was regarded suitable for growout culture.
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Lui, Tak-hang. "Macrobenthic faunal assemblages of a traditional tidal shrimp pond at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20897455.
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Gronski, Robert T. "Development and degradation : intensive shrimp culture and ecological rebuke in southern Thailand /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841294.
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Faruque, Golam. "Planning for sustainable development of coastal shrimp culture in the southwestern region of Bangladesh / Golam Faruque." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18171.pdf.
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Venero, Jesus A. Davis D. Allen. "Optimization of dietary nutrient inputs for Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/doctoral/VENERO_ROMAN_33.pdf.
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Wigglesworth, John Michael. "Studies on the culture of Penaeus monodon, P. schmitti and P. vannamei (Crustacea: Penaeidae) with particular reference to nutrition." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/913.
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Roy, Luke A. Davis D. Allen. "Physiological and nutritional requirements for the culture of the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in low salinity waters." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Summer/Dissertations/ROY_LUKE_22.pdf.
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Boyd, Christopher Andrew Rouse David B. "Investigations of water supply and water quality issues related to inland shrimp farming in western Alabama." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Summer/Dissertations/BOYD_CHRISTOPHER_54.pdf.
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Henrich, Christian-Dominik. "Algal and bacterial nitrogen processing in a zero-discharge suspended-culture shrimp production system." Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1211390821/.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- Clemson University, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxi, 174 p. ; also includes graphics (chiefly col.). Contains additional supplemental file.
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Briggs, Matthew R. P. "The nursery culture and nutrition of post-larval black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon Fabricius." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261740.
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Zelaya, Oscar D. "An evaluation of nursery techniques and feed management during culture of marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei." Auburn, Ala, 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Fall/Dissertation/ZELAYA_OSCAR_39.pdf.
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Holstein, Traci Elizabeth, and Traci Elizabeth Holstein. "Ecosystem Dynamics of a Microbial Biofloc Community Used to Culture Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/620702.
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Microbial biofloc systems are increasingly important to
raising Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei),
because they efficiently remove wastes produced by high
density cultivation and have the potential to provide
supplemental nutrition and oxygen to the shrimp population.
Gross primary productivity (GPP) and community respiration
(RESP) can easily be measured and used to characterize the
dominant processes in a system and how they relate to
shrimp growth, microbial productivity, and survival.
Photoautotrophic, "green water", systems are algal
dominated as evidenced by high daytime GPP. By contrast in
heterotrophic or chemoautotrophic, "brown water", systems,
the respiratory costs exceed the photosynthetic rate even
during daylight hours. RESP can also be used to better
understand the relative contribution of the microbes and
the shrimp to the total oxygen demand of the system.
Finally, clarifiers allow cropping of sludge in hopes of
promoting algal growth and a "green", photoautotrophic
system.
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Wissing, Rachael. "Culture for Sale: An Ethnographic Study of Commodification at the Westwego Shrimp Lot of Louisiana." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1213.
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This study examines the marketing strategies employed by vendors at the Westwego shrimp lot in Westwego, Louisiana. Given the fluctuating market conditions and rising costs of seafood production, seafood vendors in the Gulf Coast region must look continuously for new ways to market their product as a cultural commodity. This thesis argues that shrimp becomes a cultural commodity at the Westwego shrimp lot, and that through marketing strategies, vendors at the Westwego shrimp lot both resist and accept certain aspects of globalization. The presence of imports, a presence that emerges in the context of globalization, poses a large threat to the industry‟s survival. Vendors both consciously and unconsciously market shrimp as food and symbol. An analysis of their efforts may contribute to understanding the process of cultural commodification.
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Leung, Siu-fai, and 梁肇輝. "The population dynamics of Metapenaeus ensis (Penaeidae) and Exopalaemon styliferus (Palaemonidae) in a traditional tidal shrimppond at the Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31232668.
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Campos, Alberto Alves. "Food and feeding of the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana (Brazilian Macau population) in semi-intensive culture." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0021/MQ54865.pdf.
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Harrison, Jill Ann. "Buoyancy on the Bayou: Economic Globalization and Occupational Outcomes for Louisiana Shrimp Fishers." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250191774.
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Markey, Justin C. Davis D. Allen. "Replacement of poultry by-product meal in production diets for the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Fall%20Theses/Markey_Justin_42.pdf.
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Lui, Tak-hang, and 呂德恒. "Macrobenthic faunal assemblages of a traditional tidal shrimp pond at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve, Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29775346.
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Saleetid, Nattakan. "Epizoological tools for acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in Thai shrimp farming." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26828.
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Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is an emerging bacterial infection in shrimp that has been widespread across the major world shrimp producing countries since 2009. AHPND epizootics have resulted in a huge loss of global shrimp production, similar to that caused by white spot disease in the 1990’s. The epizootiological understanding of the spread of AHPND is still in its early stages, however, and most of the currently published research findings are based on experimental studies that may struggle to capture the potential for disease transmission at the country scale. The main aim of this research, therefore, is to develop epizootiological tools to study AHPND transmission between shrimp farming sites. Some tools used in this research have already been applied to shrimp epizoology, but others are used here for the first time to evaluate the spread of shrimp diseases. According to an epizootiological survey of AHPND in Thailand (Chapter 3), the first case of AHPND in the country was in eastern shrimp farms in January 2012. The disease was then transmitted to the south in December 2012. The results obtained from interviews, undertaken with 143 sample farms were stratified by three farm-scales (large, medium and small) and two locations (east and south). Both the southern location and large-scale farming were associated with a delay in AHPND onset compared with the eastern location and small- and medium-scale farming. The 24 risk factors (mostly related to farming management practices) for AHPND were investigated in a cross-sectional study (Chapter 3). This allowed the development of an AHPND decision tree for defining cases (diseased farms) and controls (non-diseased farms) because at the time of the study AHPND was a disease of unknown etiology. Results of univariate and unconditional logistic regression models indicated that two farming management practices related to the onset of AHPND. First, the absence of pond harrowing before shrimp stocking increased the risk of AHPND occurrence with an odds ratio () of 3.9 (95 % CI 1.3–12.6; P‑value = 0.01), whereas earthen ponds decreased the risk of AHPND with an of 0.25 (95 % CI 0.06–0.8; P‑value = 0.02). These findings imply that good farming management practices, such as pond-bottom harrowing, which are a common practice of shrimp farming in earthen ponds, may contribute to overcoming AHPND infection at farm level. For the purposes of disease surveillance and control, the structure of the live shrimp movement network within Thailand (LSMN) was modelled, which demonstrated the high potential for site-to-site disease spread (Chapter 4). Real network data was recorded over a 13-month period from March 2013 to March 2014 by the Thailand Department of Fisheries. After data validation, c. 74 400 repeated connections between 13 801 shrimp farming sites were retained. 77 % of the total connections were inter-province movements; the remaining connections were intra-province movements (23 %). The results demonstrated that the LSMN had properties that both aided and hindered disease spread (Chapter 4). For hindering transmission, the correlation between and degrees was weakly positive, i.e. it suggests that sites with a high risk of catching disease posed a low risk for transmitting the disease (assuming solely network spread), and the LSMN showed disassortative mixing, i.e. a low preference for connections joining sites with high degree linked to connections with high degree. However, there were low values for mean shortest path length and clustering. The latter characteristics tend to be associated with the potential for disease epidemics. Moreover, the LSMN displayed the power-law in both and degree distributions with the exponents 2.87 and 2.17, respectively. The presence of power-law distributions indicates that most sites in the LSMN have a small number of connections, while a few sites have large numbers of connections. These findings not only contribute to a better understanding of disease spread between sites, therefore, but also reveal the importance of targeted disease surveillance and control, due to the detection of scale-free properties in the LSMN. Chapter 5, therefore, examined the effectiveness of targeted disease surveillance and control in respect to reducing the potential size of epizootics in the LSMN. The study untilised network approaches to identify high-risk connections, whose removal from the network could reduce epizootics. Five disease-control algorithms were developed for the comparison: four of these algorithms were based on centrality measures to represent targeted approaches, with a non-targeted approach as a control. With the targeted approaches, technically admissible centrality measures were considered: the betweenness (the number of shortest paths that go through connections in a network), connection weight (the frequency of repeated connections between a site pair), eigenvector (considering the degree centralities of all neighbouring sites connected to a specified site), and subnet-crossing (prioritising connections that links two different subnetworks). The results showed that the estimated epizootic sizes were smaller when an optimal targeted approach was applied, compared with the random targeting of high-risk connections. This optimal targeted approach can be used to prioritise targets in the context of establishing disease surveillance and control programmes. With complex modes of disease transmission (i.e. long-distance transmission like via live shrimp movement, and local transmission), an compartmental, individual-based epizootic model was constructed for AHPND (Chapter 6). The modelling uncovered the seasonality of AHPND epizootics in Thailand, which were found likely to occur between April and August (during the hot and rainy seasons of Thailand). Based on two movement types, intra-province movements were a small proportion of connections, and they alone could cause a small AHPND epizootic. The main pathway for AHPND spread is therefore long-distance transmission and regulators need to increase the efficacy of testing for diseases in farmed shrimp before movements and improve the conduct of routine monitoring for diseases. The implementation of these biosecurity practices was modelled by changing the values of the long-distance transmission rate. The model demonstrated that high levels of biosecurity on live shrimp movements (1) led to a decrease in the potential size of epizootics in Thai shrimp farming. Moreover, the potential size of epizootics was also decreased when AHPND spread was modelled with a decreased value for the local transmission rate. Hence, not only did the model predict AHPND epizootic dynamics stochastically, but it also assessed biosecurity enhancement, allowing the design of effective prevention programmes. In brief, this thesis develops tools for the systematic epizootiological study of AHPND transmission in Thai shrimp farming and demonstrates that: (1) at farm level, current Thai shrimp farming should enhance biosecurity systems even in larger businesses, (2) at country level, targeted disease control strategies are required to establish disease surveillance and control measures. Although the epizootiological tools used here mainly evaluate the spread of AHPND in shrimp farming sites, they could be adapted to other infectious diseases or other farming sectors, such as the current spread of tilapia lake virus in Nile tilapia farms.
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Lee, Shing-yip. "The ecology of a traditional tidal shrimp pond in Hong Kong, the production and fate of macrodetritus, and implications for management /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12430481.
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Jayasinghe, J. M. P. K. "The utilisation of acid sulphate soils for shrimp (Oenaeus monodon) culture on the west coast of Sri Lanka." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304809.
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Retamales, Roberto. "A study of semi-intensive shrimp culture in Ecuador in relation to physical, chemical and biological conditions in the production ponds during El Nino and La Nina events (1996 to 1999)." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3286.
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Once every three, four or even seven years, the Southeast trade winds which blow west-ward across the tropical zone of the Pacific Ocean, from the shores of South America towards the Asian land mass, weaken and sometimes even reverse their direction. This phenomenon is known as El Nino. Conversely, the climatic condition known as La Nina is characterised by unusually cold ocean temperatures in the equatorial Pacific, as compared to El Nino. Global climate anomalies associated with La Nina tend to be opposite to those of El Nino. A study of shrimp culture in Ecuador was carried out to analyse the temporal changes in pond water quality, phytoplankton composition and diversity, and bacterial composition and diversity in the intestines of cultured Litopenaeus vannamei in Ecuador. These parameters were studied in relation to their impact on the growth, survival and production in a semi-intensive shrimp culture farm situated in the Chone River Estuary, Ecuador. Five culture periods were studied during the climatic events of El Nino, La Nina and transition periods (1996 to 1999 ). Shrimp were stocked in ponds at 10 PL/m2. Pond management included pond drying, inorganic fertilisation, and feeding with a commercial pellet twice a day. The physicochemical characteristics of the pond water and the phytoplankton and bacterial counts were estimated at intervals of 7-15 days of culture during each period of study. The concentrations of nitrite, nitrate, sulphide, ammonia, pH and suspended solids in the pond water in all ponds during the five culture periods fluctuated within ranges considered compatible with shrimp farming. Phosphorus, silica, temperature and salinity, however, showed significant differences during the five periods of shrimp culture, reaching sub-optimal levels during some culture periods. The species composition and diversity of phytoplankton was different during El Nino, La Nina events and transition periods, with a decrease in the diatom community and an increase in the cyanophytes algae community associated with changes in nutrients and nutrient ratios, and temperature, salinity is discussed. A low diversity of bacterial genera with a predominance of Vibrio spp., particularly V. harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus, was observed in shrimp intestines during disease outbreaks in the transition and La Nina periods associated with significant environmental changes in temperature and salinity. Shrimp performance was significantly different between El Nino, La Nina and transition climatic periods. Survival, feed conversion ratio and yield were better during El Nino periods because of the positive effects of higher pond water temperature and salinity (29°C and 28 psu) on the shrimp stocks.
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Freitas, Rodrigo Randow de. "Sistema de informação geográfica como ferramenta para determinação de áreas para o desenvolvimento da carcinocultura no litoral Sul do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2011. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/2211.
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Tese(doutorado)-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aqüicultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, 2011.Submitted by Cristiane Silva (cristiane_gomides@hotmail.com) on 2012-06-23T13:10:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 teserodrigorandow 03 janeiro 12.pdf: 6906108 bytes, checksum: faabc1593b08bd594814548a459a2dcc (MD5)
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No estado do Rio Grande do Sul, assim como é observado em todo mundo, a atividade de cultivo de camarões marinhos está em expansão desde a introdução do camarão branco do pacífico Litopenaeus vannamei. Com o potencial para o crescimento produtivo, vem também um real aumento dos riscos de impactos ambientais e socioeconômicos, que podem afetar diretamente a sustentabilidade dos cultivos. Assim, visando alcançar um desenvolvimento da atividade através de um ordenamento costeiro integrado, orientado para a sustentabilidade socioeconômica, ambiental, espacial e cultural da região, estruturou-se em quatro capítulos a tese aqui apresentada. O primeiro teve como proposta identificar e caracterizar as áreas destinadas a cultivos de camarões marinhos localizadas na porção sul do estuário da lagoa dos Patos, empregando análises de sensoriamento remoto orbital (ETM+/Landsat, Google Earth), aéreo (35 mm/sistema ADAR 1000), terrestre (RICOH 500SE) e de saídas de campo, integrando os dados num Sistema de Informação Geográfica (IDRISI Andes). Nesse capítulo os resultados apontaram que os empreendimentos foram construídos sobre campos litorâneos ou em regiões de dunas obliteradas, regiões estas propícias para o cultivo. No segundo capítulo, que foi considerado um estudo piloto para os dois capítulos seguintes, foi proposto avaliar locais propícios destinados a instalação de fazendas de cultivo de camarões marinhos, na região da Ilha da Torotama, RS, considerando critérios de aptidão e restrição, integrando um modelo final de auxílio à tomada de decisão (SIG). A análise integrada dos critérios de aptidão e restrição ao empreendimento mostrou que o local escolhido para esta atividade apresenta aspectos positivos. Dentre eles, aponta-se a localização sobre campos litorâneos a proximidade de possíveis mercados consumidores e mão de obra local, via de acesso boa, rede elétrica disponível e apoio técnico local (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Estação Marinha de Aquacultura - EMA). Quanto ao terceiro capítulo, ele teve com objetivo definir áreas propícias para o desenvolvimento da carcinocultura marinha em viveiros escavados, na região do baixo estuário da Laguna dos Patos (São José do Norte), sul do Brasil. Sendo que, como resultado as áreas consideradas mais atrativas perfizeram um total de 5.300 ha (16,84%), enquanto 14.600 ha (46,78%) possuíram condições consideradas boas para a atividade. Por último, o quarto capítulo, procurou selecionar áreas propícias para a carcinocultura marinha no município de Rio Grande. Como resultado desse estudo, de acordo com a escala de atratividade (prioridade entre 1 a 4), cerca de 2.100 ha. (24,01% da área considerada como apta) com características mais atrativas, isto é, com excelentes condições; cerca de 3.100 ha. (34,80%) com condições boas; cerca de 3.600 ha. (40,37%) na margem do recomendado para a atividade; e por último, uma pequena fração, cerca de 70 ha. (0,82%) como áreas aptas, mas não recomendadas. A partir das informações obtidas nos capítulos apresentados no presente trabalho de tese, foi possível demonstrar o potencial do uso da técnica do SIG para a seleção de áreas propícias para a carcinocultura marinha local e também que a partir do material científico aqui produzido, poderão ser criados instrumentos que auxiliarão na tomada de decisões legais de gestão inerentes a atividade.
In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, as is observed worldwide, the activity of marine shrimp farming has been expanding since the introduction of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. With the potential for production growth, is also a real increase in risk of environmental and socioeconomic impacts, which can directly affect the sustainability of crops. So in order to achieve a development activity through an integrated coastal planning, sustainability-oriented socio-economic, environmental, and cultural space in the region is structured in four chapters the thesis presented here. The first was as a proposal to identify and characterize areas for farming of marine shrimp located in the southern portion of the estuary of Patos Lagoon, using analysis of orbital remote sensing (ETM + / Landsat, Google Earth), air (35 mm / system ADAR 1000 ), terrestrial (RICOH 500SE) and field trips, integrating data into a Geographic Information System (IDRISI Andes). In this chapter the results showed that the developments were built on fields or in areas of coastal dunes obliterated, these regions favorable for farming. In the second chapter, which was considered a pilot study for the next two chapters, it was proposed to evaluate potential sites for the installation of marine shrimp farms in the region of the Torotama island, RS, considering suitability criteria and restrictions, integrating a final model to aid decision making (GIS). The integrated analysis of the suitability criteria and restricting development showed that the chosen location for this activity has positive aspects. Among them, pointed out the location on fields near the coastal markets of potential consumers and local workforce, good access road, electricity and local technical support available (Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG, Aquaculture Marine Station - EMA). The third chapter, had in order to define areas suitable for the development of marine shrimp culture in the lower estuary of Patos Lagoon (São José do Norte), southern Brazil. Since, as a result the areas considered most attractive covered a total of 5,300 ha (16.84%), while 14,600 ha (46.78%) had considered good conditions for the activity. Finally, the fourth chapter, tried to select areas suitable for marine shrimp culture in Rio Grande County. As a result, according to the scale of attractiveness (priority 1 to 4), about 2,100 ha. (24.01% of the area considered suitable) that is more attractive, ie, with excellent conditions, about 3,100 ha. (34.80%) with good condition, 3,600 ha. (40.37%) in the margin of the recommended activity, and finally, a small fraction, about 70 ha. (0.82%) as suitable areas, but not recommended. This project aims to propose the selection of suitable areas for cultivation of marine shrimp nursery in southern Rio Grande do Sul, with a focus on integrated coastal management, sustainability-oriented socio-economic, environmental, and cultural space in the region. From the information obtained in the chapters presented in this thesis it was demonstrated the potential use of GIS technique for selection of areas suitable for the local marine shrimp culture and also that from the scientific material produced here, will be developing tools that will assist in making legal decisions pertaining to management activity.
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Guan, Haoji, and 關浩基. "Double-stranded RNA induced gene silencing of neuropeptide genes in sand shrimp, Metapenaeus ensis and development of crustacean primarycell culture." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36893626.
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Silva, Ana Cláudia de Lima. "A Educação Ambiental no projeto Jandaia: uma análise da proposta de inclusão socioambiental e econômica." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2009. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4843.
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Previous issue date: 2009-06-09Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Due to the environmental problems that devastate the planet, threatening the quality of life, is essential that the Environmental Education, based in knowledges, values and behaviors allows a critical, responsible and effective participation in minimizing the environmental issues and in the management of the environment. In this perspective, this research aimed to investigate the importance of the practice of Environmental Education in the project entitled "Integrated and Sustainable Exploitation of the Jandaia dam in a Solidarity Economy regime", of the Centre of Human, Social and Agrarian Studies (CHSAS) - Campus III, Bananeiras-PB. The inquiry was based on a quanti-qualitative methodology, using for data collection, interviews with 20 community members, a questionnaire applied to 8 extensionists and a documentary analysis of the reports of accountability to Petrobrás, financier organ of the Project.. As an object of study, we tried to detect the relationships, actions and interventions of the extensionists and the benefits provided to the community in social, environmental and economical aspects. Although 66.7% of the extensionists have claimed to provide technical support to the project, 75% have recognized the social merit, 46.5% had understood environmental education in a conception of actions to minimize social and economical inequalities and also to contribute to citizenship, autonomy and social justice and 67% had said that they had prepared the community to maintain the project in a sustainable way without the interference of the extensionists, while interviewing the community members, it was noticed that 75% was best fed as the project was in progress and recognized it as an opportunity to improve economically, however they denounced that they were not technically prepared to keep it; 50% could not answer what environment would be, and when asked about whether any environmental agency guided their rural activities, 60% of them answered "No . It was found that despite the proposal to direct the academical extension as an useful work, in an emancipatory approach starting from the strengthening of the most needy population, through the activities of pisciculture, shrimp culture and controlled fishing in harmony with the Environmental Legislation, the project presented itself as one more frustrating alternative, product of the non execution with its proposal of social, environment and economical inclusion. 9 This way, this work intends to invite the University to supervise extension projects, in order to avoid the non compromising of this institution as an agent of change.
Diante dos problemas ambientais que assolam o planeta, ameaçando a qualidade de vida, é imprescindível, a Educação Ambiental, alicerçada em conhecimentos, valores e comportamentos que permitam uma participação crítica, responsável e eficaz na minimização das questões ambientais e na gerência do meio ambiente. Nesta perspectiva, este trabalho de pesquisa visou investigar a importância da prática da Educação Ambiental no Projeto intitulado: Exploração Sustentada e Integrada da Barragem Jandaia em Regime de Economia Solidária , pertencente ao Centro de Ciências Humanas, Sociais e Agrárias (CCHSA) Campus III, Bananeiras- PB. Foi construída com base em uma metodologia quanti-qualitativa, utilizando-se para a coleta de dados, entrevista com 20 membros da comunidade e questionário aplicado aos 8 extensionistas e análise documental dos relatórios de prestação de conta à Petrobrás, órgão financiador do Projeto. Como objeto de estudo, buscou-se detectar as relações, ações e intervenções dos extensionistas e os benefícios proporcionados à comunidade nos aspectos socioambientais e econômicos. Apesar de 66,7% dos extensionistas terem alegado prestar assistência técnica ao projeto, 75% reconhecerem o seu mérito social, 46,5% entenderem Educação Ambiental numa concepção de ações para minimizar as desigualdades sociais, econômicas e contribuir para cidadania, autonomia e justiça social e 66,7% afirmarem ter preparado a comunidade para manter o projeto de forma sustentável sem a interferência dos extensionistas; ao entrevistar os membros da comunidade, constatou-se que 75% se alimentavam melhor enquanto o projeto estava em andamento e o reconheciam como uma oportunidade de melhorar economicamente, mas denunciaram não terem sido preparados tecnicamente para mantê-lo; 50% não souberam responder o que seria meio ambiente e ao serem perguntados sobre se algum órgão ambiental orientava suas atividades rurais, 60% responderam que Não. Verificou-se que apesar da proposta de direcionar a extensão universitária como trabalho útil, numa abordagem emancipatória, a partir do fortalecimento da população mais carente, através das atividades de Piscicultura, Carcinicultura e Pesca Controlada em consonância com a Legislação Ambiental, o projeto se apresentou como mais uma alternativa frustrante, produto do não cumprimento com sua proposta de inclusão socioambiental e econômica. Desta forma, este trabalho 7 pretende convidar a Universidade a fiscalizar projetos de extensão, a fim de evitar o não comprometimento desta instituição como agente de mudança.
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Guan, Haoji. "Double-stranded RNA induced gene silencing of neuropeptide genes in sand shrimp, Metapenaeus ensis and development of crustacean primary cell culture /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36893626.
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Sykes, António de Vilhena Andrade Ferreira. "On the use of live grass shrimp (Palaemonetes varians) as the only prey for cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) culture throughout the life cycle." Dissertação, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9665.
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Sykes, António de Vilhena Andrade Ferreira. "On the use of live grass shrimp (Palaemonetes varians) as the only prey for cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) culture throughout the life cycle." Master's thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/9665.
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Picolo, Janaina Muniz. "Estrutura funcional do hepatopâncreas no processo digestivo em Macrobrachium amazonicum /." Jaboticabal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87666.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Irene Bastos Franceschini VicentiniCoorientador: Karina Ribeiro
Banca: Maíra Aparecida Stefanini
Banca: Bruno César Schimming
Resumo: A carcinicultura de água doce é uma forma de produção de crustáceos com baixo impacto ambiental. A espécie brasileira Macrobrachium amazonicum tem grande potencial de cultivo e alguns aspectos da sua biologia vêm sendo estudados na última década. O hepatoâncreas (HP) é um órgão chave na digestão de crustáceos. Este órgão está composto por túbulos hepatopancreáticos, cujo epitélio apresenta 5 tipos celulares envolvidos na digestão do alimento. O estômago, por sua vez, apresenta associação íntima ao hepatopâncreas no processo de digestão. Assim o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a dinâmica celular do epitélio hepatopancreático nos diferentes períodos de pós alimentação (PA), assim como avaliar as relações de peso relativo ao corpo entre estômago e hepatopâncreas. Para tanto o hepatopâncreas e o estômago de juvenis foram coletados nos tempos de PA de 1h, 7h, 13h, e assim sucessivamente somando-se 6 horas a cada intervalo de coleta, até 121h. O Índice Hepatossomático (IHS) e o Índice Gastrossomático (IGaS) foram aferidos. Os fragmentos de HP foram fixados em Bouin, processados para rotina de inclusão em historresina, e corados com Hematoxilina/Eosina. Após análise, foram observados períodos com elevado IHS seguidos de períodos com baixo IHS ocorridos em todos os 5 dias de observação, assim como foram observados ciclos imediatamente inversos no estômago, com relação ao hepatopâncreas. Nos momentos que correspondem ao elevado IHS é possível observar grande acúmulo de células B, com extrema vacuolização, o que indica digestão intracelular. Nos momentos com baixo IHS é evidente o grande número de células F que produzem enzimas digestivas, e células R que estocam reservas, sugerindo baixa atividade digestiva. Após 24 h de PA, provavelmente os restos não... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Freshwater shrimp farming is a form of shellfish production with low environmental impact. Macrobrachium amazonicum, brazilian native species, has great potential for cultivation and some aspects of its biology, especially the digestive system, have been studied in the last decade. The hepatpncreas (HP) is a key organ in the digestion of crustaceans. This organ is composed of hepatopancreatic tubules, which present 5 epithelial cell types involved in the digestion of food. The stomach, in turn, presents intimate association with hepatopancreas in the digestion process. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of the hepatopancreatic cells in different periods after feeding (AF), as well as evaluate the relationships between stomachsomatic and hepatossomatic indeces. For both the hepatopancreas and stomach of juveniles were collected in times of AF 1h, 7h, 13h, and so adding six hours to each collection interval until 121h. Hepatosomatic (HSI) and gastrossomatic (GaSI) indices were measured. HP fragments were fixed in Bouin, processed for inclusion in hystoresin, and stained with hematoxylin/eosin. After analysis, it were observed periods with high HIS followed by periods of low HIS in all five days of observation. IGaS and HIS presented opposing curves. In moments which correspond to the high HIS is possible to observe accumulation of B cells with extreme vacuolization, indicating intracellular digestion according to the literature. In moments of low HIS is evident the large number of F cells that produce digestive enzymes, and cells that accumulate reserves, suggesting low digestive activity. After 24h AF, probably undigested food in HP returns to stomach, and are then distributed to HP again. Thus, the morphological characteristics did not differ at different times of elevated HIS, and the same... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Picolo, Janaina Muniz [UNESP]. "Estrutura funcional do hepatopâncreas no processo digestivo em Macrobrachium amazonicum." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87666.
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000717274.pdf: 836318 bytes, checksum: 500516d68a4fd1ca42dfa1aa79c1bc9f (MD5)A carcinicultura de água doce é uma forma de produção de crustáceos com baixo impacto ambiental. A espécie brasileira Macrobrachium amazonicum tem grande potencial de cultivo e alguns aspectos da sua biologia vêm sendo estudados na última década. O hepatoâncreas (HP) é um órgão chave na digestão de crustáceos. Este órgão está composto por túbulos hepatopancreáticos, cujo epitélio apresenta 5 tipos celulares envolvidos na digestão do alimento. O estômago, por sua vez, apresenta associação íntima ao hepatopâncreas no processo de digestão. Assim o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a dinâmica celular do epitélio hepatopancreático nos diferentes períodos de pós alimentação (PA), assim como avaliar as relações de peso relativo ao corpo entre estômago e hepatopâncreas. Para tanto o hepatopâncreas e o estômago de juvenis foram coletados nos tempos de PA de 1h, 7h, 13h, e assim sucessivamente somando-se 6 horas a cada intervalo de coleta, até 121h. O Índice Hepatossomático (IHS) e o Índice Gastrossomático (IGaS) foram aferidos. Os fragmentos de HP foram fixados em Bouin, processados para rotina de inclusão em historresina, e corados com Hematoxilina/Eosina. Após análise, foram observados períodos com elevado IHS seguidos de períodos com baixo IHS ocorridos em todos os 5 dias de observação, assim como foram observados ciclos imediatamente inversos no estômago, com relação ao hepatopâncreas. Nos momentos que correspondem ao elevado IHS é possível observar grande acúmulo de células B, com extrema vacuolização, o que indica digestão intracelular. Nos momentos com baixo IHS é evidente o grande número de células F que produzem enzimas digestivas, e células R que estocam reservas, sugerindo baixa atividade digestiva. Após 24 h de PA, provavelmente os restos não...
Freshwater shrimp farming is a form of shellfish production with low environmental impact. Macrobrachium amazonicum, brazilian native species, has great potential for cultivation and some aspects of its biology, especially the digestive system, have been studied in the last decade. The hepatpncreas (HP) is a key organ in the digestion of crustaceans. This organ is composed of hepatopancreatic tubules, which present 5 epithelial cell types involved in the digestion of food. The stomach, in turn, presents intimate association with hepatopancreas in the digestion process. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of the hepatopancreatic cells in different periods after feeding (AF), as well as evaluate the relationships between stomachsomatic and hepatossomatic indeces. For both the hepatopancreas and stomach of juveniles were collected in times of AF 1h, 7h, 13h, and so adding six hours to each collection interval until 121h. Hepatosomatic (HSI) and gastrossomatic (GaSI) indices were measured. HP fragments were fixed in Bouin, processed for inclusion in hystoresin, and stained with hematoxylin/eosin. After analysis, it were observed periods with high HIS followed by periods of low HIS in all five days of observation. IGaS and HIS presented opposing curves. In moments which correspond to the high HIS is possible to observe accumulation of B cells with extreme vacuolization, indicating intracellular digestion according to the literature. In moments of low HIS is evident the large number of F cells that produce digestive enzymes, and cells that accumulate reserves, suggesting low digestive activity. After 24h AF, probably undigested food in HP returns to stomach, and are then distributed to HP again. Thus, the morphological characteristics did not differ at different times of elevated HIS, and the same... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Penteado, José Mario de Aquino. "Análise da produtividade e viabilidade econômica de quatro sistemas de berçários do camarão-da-Amazônia, Macrobrachium amazonicum /." Jaboticabal, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86656.
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Orientador: Wagner Cotroni ValentiBanca: Helenice Pereira de Barros
Banca: Sergio Ricardo Batlouni
Resumo: O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar quatro sistemas de berçários, em termos técnicos e econômicos, para a produção de juvenis de Macrobrachium amazonicum, e discutir suas possíveis vantagens, limitações e aplicações para a realização de monocultivos e sistemas integrados de produção do camarão-da-amazônia, que objetivam vender sua produção para consumo ou como iscas e para lojas de animais ornamentais. Os sistemas avaliados foram: tanques internos com recirculação de água (BTI), tanques cobertos com estufa plástica - "greenhouse" (BTCP), viveiros de Fundo Natural (BVFN) e tanques-rede (BTR). Os tratamentos BVFN e BTCP condicionaram os maiores valores de massa úmida final (0.80 ± 0.13 e 0.67 ± 0.15 g, respectivamente), massa seca final (0.25 ± 0.05 e 0.21 ± 0.06 g) e ganho de massa individual dos camarões (0.79 ± 0.13 e 0.66 ± 0.15 g). Sobrevivência e produtividade não diferiram estatisticamente entre os tratamentos. Para a análise econômica de cada sistema, foi realizada uma simulação, considerando-se fazendas comerciais produzindo juvenis de M. amazonicum de acordo com as condições e sobrevivências obtidas experimentalmente em cada sistema. Foram realizadas análises de custo-retorno, fluxo de caixa e determinação de indicadores de rentabilidade calculados na forma tradicional, ou seja: Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR), Período de Retorno de Capital (PRC) e Relação Benefício Custo (RBC). Variações de cenários econômicos (preço de venda, custo de ração e sobrevivência) em cada berçário, também foram estudadas. Apenas as fazendas em sistema BVFN e BTR apresentaram viabilidade econômica, após essas análises. Os quatro sistemas de berçário apresentaram bons resultados zootécnicos, no entanto todos eles encarecem muito a produção de animais para a fase... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate four nursery systems, in technical and economical aspects, for the production of juveniles of Macrobrachium amazonicum in four nursery systems, and discuss their possible advantages, limitations and possible applications for monoculture and integrated systems for production of Amazon river prawn, who aim to sell their production for food or as live bait and ornamental animals. The systems are: indoor tanks with water recirculation (BTI), greenhouse system (BTCP), earthen ponds (BVFN) and net cages (BTR), during the warm season in places with subtropical climate. BTCP and BVFN had the highest final wet mass (0.80 ± 0.13 e 0.67 ± 0.15 g, respectively), final dry mass (0.25 ± 0.05 e 0.21 ± 0.06 g) and individual mass gain (0.79 ± 0.13 e 0.66 ± 0.15 g). Survival and productivity didn't differ amongst treatments. For economical analysis of each system, we made a simulation considering commercial farms producing M. amazonicum juveniles according to conditions and productivity experimentally obtained in each system. It was performed analysis of cost-return, cashflow and the determination of indicators of rentability calculated in traditional way, such as: net present value (VPL), internal return rate (TIR), payback period (PB) and benefit cost ratio (RBC). Variations of economic scenarios (selling price, food cost and survival) in each nursery also were studied. Only BVFN and BTR farms reached economical viability after these analisys. The four systems showed good results related to production. However, all of them made the final grow-out phase expensive. The use of these nurseries is only justified in case of maintaining the post-larvae in the winter in those systems... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Silva, Rosana Coutinho Freire. "Análise dos efeitos sócio-ambientais da carcinicultura marinha no município de BARRA DE SANTO ANTÔNIO, estado de Alagoas." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2007. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1112.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental problems have now achieved such a dimension which
becomes a challenge to human survival. Taking into account that nature is the
necessary and indispensable support of modern economy as well as of the future
generation, sustainability must conciliate both the economical development and the
preservation of the environment. Thus, only recently has been noticed that the
balance of the ecosystems and the development of the economy are inter-related
facts. In principle, any human activity which aims at exploiting the environmental
resources impacts on the environment, among these activities is the production of
food. One of the in-water food production is the technique of raising shrimp in
captivity, well developed in many countries now. Shrimp raising, besides being an
alternative to the supplying of the increasing demand of shrimp in the world, has
become an important socioeconomic activity which positive and negative effects
have been remarkably noticed in the regions of its settlement, among which the
swamp areas are enhanced. On these grounds, and having in mind the three factors
that founds the sustainable development: economically efficient, environmentally
correct and socially fair, as well as the favorable and unfavorable concerns related to
shrimp raising, a social-environmental analysis of this activity was held in the present
work, characterizing the damages which were caused and identifying possible effects
on the quality of life improvement of the community involved in this kind of activity.
The research found the existence of an economic-based view from the social players
involved in shrimp raising, where the perception of progress is privileged against the
environmental an social aspects. In this way, it could be proved that the degree of
perception of the society and of the community related do not evolve owing to the low
level of education in the municipality, which impairs a participative management of
the natural resources, thus generating an untrue feeling of development.Os problemas ambientais atingiram na atualidade uma proporção que representa um verdadeiro desafio à sobrevivência humana. Considerando que a natureza é a base necessária e indispensável da economia moderna, bem como da vida das gerações futuras, a sustentabilidade deve conciliar o desenvolvimento econômico com a preservação do meio ambiente. Dessa forma, só recentemente percebeu-se que o equilíbrio dos ecossistemas e o desenvolvimento da economia são fatos inter-relacionados. A princípio, qualquer atividade antrópica que visa à exploração de recursos ambientais causa impactos ao meio ambiente, dentre essas atividades está a produção de alimentos. Um dos cultivos alimentares aquáticos é a carcinicultura, técnica de criação de camarões em cativeiro, muito desenvolvida atualmente, em vários países do mundo. A carcinicultura marinha, além de representar uma alternativa para o atendimento da crescente demanda mundial por camarões, vem se constituindo numa importante atividade sócio econômica, cujos efeitos positivos e negativos têm se refletido sobremaneira nas regiões de sua implantação, dentre as quais destacam-se as regiões de manguezais. Diante disso e tendo em vista os três pilares que embasam o desenvolvimento sustentável: economicamente eficiente, ambientalmente prudente e socialmente justo, bem como as opiniões favoráveis e desfavoráveis em relação à carcinicultura, foi realizada no presente trabalho uma caracterização sócio-ambiental dessa atividade, identificando os danos causados e os possíveis reflexos de melhoria na qualidade de vida da comunidade envolvida por esse ramo de atividade. Na pesquisa, foram abordados os efeitos sócio-ambientais da carcinicultura no município de Barra de Santo Antônio, estado de Alagoas, enfocando empreendimento carcinicultor, implantado no referido município, em que foram abordados os aspectos ambientais, de geração de emprego e renda e de geração de tributos municipais. O trabalho identifica ainda os atores sociais envolvidos direta e indiretamente na carcinicultura e a atuação dos órgãos ambientais em relação ao licenciamento e à fiscalização da atividade. A pesquisa concluiu que existe uma visão economicista dos atores sociais envolvidos com a carcinicultura, onde a percepção de progresso é privilegiada em detrimento dos aspectos ambientais e sociais. Nesse sentido pôde-se comprovar que o grau de percepção da sociedade e da comunidade impactada não evolui, devido ao baixo nível de escolaridade no município, o que impede uma gestão participativa dos recursos naturais, gerando uma falsa sensação de desenvolvimento.
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Lee, Shing-yip, and 李成業. "The ecology of a traditional tidal shrimp pond in Hong Kong, the production and fate of macrodetritus, and implications for management." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31231597.
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Penteado, José Mario de Aquino [UNESP]. "Análise da produtividade e viabilidade econômica de quatro sistemas de berçários do camarão-da-Amazônia, Macrobrachium amazonicum." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86656.
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penteado_jma_me_jabo.pdf: 1197298 bytes, checksum: 52741253b45976a1d7c5eca0190d1248 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar quatro sistemas de berçários, em termos técnicos e econômicos, para a produção de juvenis de Macrobrachium amazonicum, e discutir suas possíveis vantagens, limitações e aplicações para a realização de monocultivos e sistemas integrados de produção do camarão-da-amazônia, que objetivam vender sua produção para consumo ou como iscas e para lojas de animais ornamentais. Os sistemas avaliados foram: tanques internos com recirculação de água (BTI), tanques cobertos com estufa plástica - “greenhouse” (BTCP), viveiros de Fundo Natural (BVFN) e tanques-rede (BTR). Os tratamentos BVFN e BTCP condicionaram os maiores valores de massa úmida final (0.80 ± 0.13 e 0.67 ± 0.15 g, respectivamente), massa seca final (0.25 ± 0.05 e 0.21 ± 0.06 g) e ganho de massa individual dos camarões (0.79 ± 0.13 e 0.66 ± 0.15 g). Sobrevivência e produtividade não diferiram estatisticamente entre os tratamentos. Para a análise econômica de cada sistema, foi realizada uma simulação, considerando-se fazendas comerciais produzindo juvenis de M. amazonicum de acordo com as condições e sobrevivências obtidas experimentalmente em cada sistema. Foram realizadas análises de custo-retorno, fluxo de caixa e determinação de indicadores de rentabilidade calculados na forma tradicional, ou seja: Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR), Período de Retorno de Capital (PRC) e Relação Benefício Custo (RBC). Variações de cenários econômicos (preço de venda, custo de ração e sobrevivência) em cada berçário, também foram estudadas. Apenas as fazendas em sistema BVFN e BTR apresentaram viabilidade econômica, após essas análises. Os quatro sistemas de berçário apresentaram bons resultados zootécnicos, no entanto todos eles encarecem muito a produção de animais para a fase...
The aim of this study was to evaluate four nursery systems, in technical and economical aspects, for the production of juveniles of Macrobrachium amazonicum in four nursery systems, and discuss their possible advantages, limitations and possible applications for monoculture and integrated systems for production of Amazon river prawn, who aim to sell their production for food or as live bait and ornamental animals. The systems are: indoor tanks with water recirculation (BTI), greenhouse system (BTCP), earthen ponds (BVFN) and net cages (BTR), during the warm season in places with subtropical climate. BTCP and BVFN had the highest final wet mass (0.80 ± 0.13 e 0.67 ± 0.15 g, respectively), final dry mass (0.25 ± 0.05 e 0.21 ± 0.06 g) and individual mass gain (0.79 ± 0.13 e 0.66 ± 0.15 g). Survival and productivity didn`t differ amongst treatments. For economical analysis of each system, we made a simulation considering commercial farms producing M. amazonicum juveniles according to conditions and productivity experimentally obtained in each system. It was performed analysis of cost-return, cashflow and the determination of indicators of rentability calculated in traditional way, such as: net present value (VPL), internal return rate (TIR), payback period (PB) and benefit cost ratio (RBC). Variations of economic scenarios (selling price, food cost and survival) in each nursery also were studied. Only BVFN and BTR farms reached economical viability after these analisys. The four systems showed good results related to production. However, all of them made the final grow-out phase expensive. The use of these nurseries is only justified in case of maintaining the post-larvae in the winter in those systems... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Gusmawati, Niken Financia. "Which remote sensing indicators to survey shrimp farms in activity and to rehabilitate abandoned sites?" Thesis, Nouvelle Calédonie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NCAL0008/document.
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La production de crevettes en Indonésie est en constante augmentation de part sa surface et l'intensification de ses élevages. Cette filière contribue au développement économique en milieu rural, à la sécurité alimentaire nationale, à l'emploi et au commerce extérieur. Cependant, ce développement rapide s'est accompagné d'effets écologiques et sociaux négatifs. Le développement de maladies dans les élevages ainsi que la dégradation de l'environnement côtier a conduit à l'abandon de 250 000 hectares de bassins dans le pays. Leur réhabilitation dans le cadre d'une activité durable est aujourd'hui une priorité pour le gouvernement indonésien.L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer des outils et des méthodes, basées sur de l’imagerie satellites à très haute résolution spatiale (THRS), (1) pour une meilleure gestion des sites de production et (2) pour réhabiliter les sites abandonnés. L'estuaire de la Perancak situé dans la Province de Bali, une zone de production en déclin, a été choisi comme site pilote. Ce travail a été réalisé dans le cadre du projet INDESO dont l'objectif était de fournir des outils et des méthodes pour une meilleure gestion des ressources côtières et marines en Indonésie.Le premier outil développé pour objectif de cartographier automatiquement les bassins d'élevage. A cet effet, une méthode basée sur la détection des contours a été mise en place et comparée à deux autres méthodes, la première basée sur la méthode de croissance des régions, la seconde sur une classification non supervisée (plus particulièrement la méthode Isocluster). Notre méthode a permis de détecter une forte proportion de bassins avec une meilleure précision.Le second outil avait pour objectif de distinguer les bassins actifs des bassins abandonnés. Un indicateur intégré (IPAI) basé sur quatre critères identifiés sur les images THRS que sont la présence d'eau, d'aérateur(s), de ponton(s) d'alimentation et de végétation, a été développé. Cet indicateur permet de distinguer significativement un bassin actif d'un bassin inactif. La présence de ponton est le critère qui s'est révélé être le plus discriminant.Cet indicateur a été utilisé sur l'estuaire de la Perancak pour suivre la dynamique d’abandon des bassins, liée au développement des maladies dans les élevages, entre 2001 et 2015. Deux facteurs de risque conduisant à l'abandon ont été mis en évidence : le climat et le positionnement des bassins au sein de l'estuaire. Ces résultats suggèrent qu'une approche spatiale doit être prise en compte pour la réhabilitation des bassins. Trois zones ont été définies à partir de leur résilience spatiale aux maladies. Le niveau de connectivité entre des bassins via le réseau hydrologique augmente le risque d'abandon. A noter que la présence actuelle des pathogènes (White Spot Syndrome Virus, WSSV) dans les bassins et probablement dans l'environnement génère une mémoire écologique défavorable à la réhabilitation de fermes aquacoles de crevettes.A partir de ces résultats, une première proposition de plan pour réhabiliter les bassins abandonnés a été formulée dans le cadre d'une approche écosystémique. Pour lutter contre les maladies, ce plan suggère de développer une aquaculture multi-trophique intégrée (AMTI), basée sur la diversité des espèces élevées et de leur positionnement dans la chaine trophique, à l'échelle de l'estuaire. Les méthodes et les études qui doivent être conduites pour rendre opérationnelle cette proposition sont discutéesShrimp farming production in Indonesia has continuously increased through a large expansion of cultured areas and stocking density intensification. This activity supports rural economic development and contributes to national food security, employment and foreign exchange earnings. However, this development has generated adverse ecological and social effects. As consequences of diseases and environmental degradations, there are currently 250,000 ha of abandoned ponds. Their rehabilitation, within a sustainable aquaculture framework, is actually a high priority for the Indonesian government.The objective of the present PhD work was to develop tools and methodologies to (1) enable better management for operating sites of shrimp industry and (2) rehabilitate abandoned sites using very high-resolution satellite (VHRS) imagery. The Perancak Estuary, located in Bali Province, is the production area in decline that has been chosen as study site. This work has been carried out in the frame of the INDESO project which was assigned to develop and provide tools and methods for better management of marine and coastal resources in Indonesia.The first developed tool was an automatic classification procedure for aquaculture mapping. A method based on Edge Detection on VHRS images was proposed and compared with those generated by Region Growing segmentation and unsupervised classification Isocluster. Edge Detection method could successfully create aquaculture map in the Perancak estuary by identifying a large proportion of existing ponds, with good overall accuracy.To implement effective procedure for appropriate aquaculture ecosystem assessment and monitoring, the second tool was an Integrated Pond Activity Indicator (IPAI). It aimed to discriminate active from abandoned ponds and was developed based on four criteria using VHRS images. Those criteria were: presence of water, aerator, feeding bridge and vegetation. This indicator succeeded in detecting active pond with a good accuracy, and feeding bridge appeared to be the most discriminant criteria.This second indicator has then been applied to the Perancak estuary to highlight the abandonment dynamic due to disease between 2001 and 2015. Two risk factors that could contribute to explain dynamics of abandonment were identified: climate conditions and pond locations within the estuary, suggesting that a spatial approach should be integrated in planning processes to operationalize pond rehabilitation. Three areas were defined based on their disease resilience. Ponds connectivity through water network increased the risk of disease development. The continued presence of shrimp pathogen species in ponds and probably in the environment (i.e. White Spot Syndrome Virus, WSSV) may generate ‘ecological memories’ that prevent to the return of shrimp productive system.These results were used to establish a first proposal of rehabilitation plan using an ecological approach. At the whole ecosystem scale, the development of an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), based on the diversity of cultured species and their trophic status would be implemented. Methods and studies that would be conducted to operationalize sustainable pond rehabilitation are briefly discussed
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Honda, Suzana Naomi [UNESP]. "Avaliação microbiológica do camarão da Amazônia (Macrobrachium amazonicum) e sua relação com o ambiente de criação na carcinicultura." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86675.
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honda_sn_me_jabo.pdf: 403807 bytes, checksum: 950b92aa2bbff78a4822b22028a73cd6 (MD5)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A carcinicultura é uma atividade que vem se expandindo, assim como o consumo do camarão, considerado um alimento saudável por sua qualidade nutricional. Nesse contexto é importante garantir a oferta de um produto de qualidade microbiológica, que atenda às exigências do mercado alimentício e não ofereça riscos à saúde do consumidor. Assim, objetivou-se verificar a relação entre a contaminação do camarão Macrobrachium amazonicum e o ambiente de criação, além de comparar os resultados obtidos com a legislação vigente. Para tanto, foi verificada a qualidade microbiológica do camarão, sedimento e água do viveiro onde estes foram cultivados, enumerando coliformes totais e termotolerantes e Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, e verificando a presença de Escherichia coli patogênica e Salmonella spp. Os resultados evidenciaram que as amostras de água encontraram-se em conformidade com os limites estabelecidos pela legislação, enquanto que para camarão uma amostra estava fora do limite exigido para Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e para Salmonella spp. as demais apresentavam-se de acordo com a legislação. As amostras de camarão apresentaram correlação com a água e sedimento do viveiro, demonstrando que a contaminação microbiológica do viveiro reflete na qualidade do camarão. O monitoramento da qualidade da água e a adoção do manejo correto na carcinicultura assumem grande importância para garantir a produção de camarões de boa qualidade, atendendo às exigências do mercado para comercialização e a segurança na saúde do consumidor
Shrimp farming is an activity that is expanding, as well as the consumption of shrimp, considered a healthy food due to your nutritional quality. In this context, it is important to ensure the supply of a product of microbiological quality, which meets the requirements of the food market and does not offer risks to consumer health. Thus, this study aim to verify the relationship between contamination of shrimp Macrobrachium amazonicum and culture environment and to compare the results obtained with the Brazilian legislation for water and shrimp. Thereunto, we investigated the microbiological quality of the shrimp, sediment and water of the pond where they were grown, enumerating total and thermotolerant coliforms and Staphylococcus coagulase positive, and investigating the presence of pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella. The water samples were obeying the limits established by legislation, while a sample of shrimp was out of range required for Staphylococcus coagulase positive and for Salmonella all samples were in accordance with the law. Samples of shrimp were correlated with the water and sediment of the pond, showing that the microbiological contamination of the pond reflects the quality of shrimp. The monitoring of water quality and the adoption of the correct management in shrimp farming are very important to ensure that shrimp production of good quality, acordding the market requirements and consumer health safety
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Rodrigues, Francisco Gleison de Souza. "O agronegÃcio da carcinicultura marinha e os conflitos sociais e ambientais de uso e ocupaÃÃo do estuÃrio do Rio Jaguaribe no municÃpio de Aracati-CE." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1089.
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FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃThe riverside and marine plains of Cearà state have been occupied in the last 10 years by the marine shrimp culture that has generated social and environmental impacts over these areas. Recently, new areas of these plains in Cearà have been target of the expansion of shrimp farms, especially in Aracati municipality. It is seen that marine shrimp culture is an activity surrounded by matters that sometimes justify the activity moratorium defended by ambientalists, sometimes justify its implementation by the producers, as marine shrimp culture, as other economical activities, generates both negative and positive impacts over the places where it is inserted. By this meaning it becomes necessary to identify the social impacts, as the environmental impacts promoted over the areas of influence of the agro business of marine shrimp culture, from the studied areas, on Aracati municipality on Cearà state, proposing actions that can minimize the negative impacts and reinforce the positive impacts. To do so, researches were realized on the bibliographical sources of the public organs libraries in Fortaleza; visits to various organs that maintain direct relationships with the activity in Aracati municipality, as works on the study field. The marine shrimp culture is an activity of great importance to Aracati municipality because of its direct and indirect generation of work positions. Although, it can be seen that the activity in Aracati is spacely unorganized, generating conflicts against the estuarial environment and other economical activities, as carnauba straw handcraft and fishing on the marsh. The economic-ecological zoning for the activity in matter in Aracati municipality is the correct direction to minimize the negative environmental and social impacts and reinforce the positive impacts promoted by the implementation of marine shrimp culture.
As planÃcies flÃvio-marinhas do Estado do Cearà vÃm sendo ocupadas nos Ãltimos 10 anos pela carcinicultura marinha que tÃm gerado impactos sociais e ambientais. Recentemente novos espaÃos dessas planÃcies no Cearà foram alvo da expansÃo das fazendas de camarÃo, principalmente no MunicÃpio de Aracati. Observa-se que a carcinicultura marinha à uma atividade cercada por questÃes que ora justificam a moratÃria da atividade defendida por ambientalistas, ora justificam a implementaÃÃo da mesma pelos produtores, pois a carcinicultura, assim como outras atividades econÃmicas, gera impactos negativos e positivos nos locais em que se insere. Neste sentido faz-se necessÃrio identificar os impactos sociais assim como os impactos ambientais promovidos nos espaÃos de influÃncia do agronegÃcio da carcinicultura marinha, a partir das Ãreas estudadas, no MunicÃpio de Aracati no Estado do CearÃ, propondo aÃÃes que possam minimizar os impactos negativos e reforÃar os impactos positivos. Para tanto foram realizadas pesquisas nos acervos bibliogrÃficos das bibliotecas de ÃrgÃos pÃblicos em Fortaleza; visitas a vÃrios ÃrgÃos que mantÃm relaÃÃes diretas com a atividade no MunicÃpio de Aracati, assim como trabalhos de campo na Ãrea de estudo. A carcinicultura à uma atividade de suma importÃncia para a economia do MunicÃpio de Aracati em funÃÃo da geraÃÃo direta e indireta de postos de trabalho. Observa-se, porÃm que a atividade em Aracati à desorganizada espacialmente, gerando conflitos com o ambiente estuarino e com outras atividades econÃmicas como o artesanato da palha de carnaÃba e a pesca no manguezal. O Zoneamento EconÃmico-ecolÃgico para a atividade em questÃo no MunicÃpio de Aracati à a direÃÃo correta para que sejam minimizados os impactos ambientais e sociais negativos e reforÃados os impactos positivos promovidos com a implementaÃÃo da carcinicultura.