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Ganna, Shumova, Nizhenkovska Irina, and Vladymyrova Inna. "Determination of the content of amino acids in the roots of the sophora flavescens." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 5(15) (October 31, 2018): 47–51. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2018.146716.
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Shrubby sophora (Sophora flavescens L.) genus of the Fabaceae family is a perennial plant that is common in Russia, Japan, Korea, Northeast, North and Central China. The roots of this plant contain 1-2 % of alkaloids (allomatrin, anagirin, isomatrin, matrine, sofofarpin, soforamin, soforanol), triterpene saponins (soyasaponin I), flavonoids (soforaflavosides I, II, III, IV, biosanin A, kuraridin, kurarin, Cushenols A, B, C, D, I, K, L, M, (-) - maakianin, neokurarinol, norkurarinone) and amino acids (proline, aspartic acid, glycine, argenine). Plant amino acids form a large group of organic compounds and have unique biological and pharmacological properties. Therefore, in recent years, scientists have paid great attention to the study of the amino acid composition of medicinal plants. <strong>The aim</strong> of our work was to determine the content of amino acids in the roots of shrubby Sophora (Sophora flavescens L.). <strong>Materials and methods:</strong> the study was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Identification of amino acids was performed by comparing the retention time with a mixture of amino acid standards (Agilent 5061-3334). The content of bound amino acids was determined by the difference between the content of free amino acids and their total content. <strong>Results and discussion:</strong> as a result of the study, the content of 15 amino acids was found and determined in the free and bound state of shrubby Sophora roots, of which 6 are irreplaceable (threonine, valine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine). In a free state, proline (3.61 µg / mg) and aspartic acid (0.73 µg / mg) in the bound state - glycine (1.25 µg / mg), arginine (0.87 µg / mg) accumulated in large quantities, serine (0.84 µg / mg) and glutamic acid (0.80 µg / mg). In the free state, in the minimal quantities were accumulated methionine (0.024 μg / mg), glycine (0.040 μg / mg) and threonine (0.046 μg / mg), in the bound state - proline (0.079 μg / mg), aspartic acid (0.229 μg / mg) and methionine (0.231 µg / mg). An amino acid such as lysine was not found in the roots of shrubby Sophora. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> using the HPLC method, we determined the content of 15 free and bound amino acids in the roots of shrubby Sophora, of which 6 are irreplaceable. Monoaminomonocarboxy, monoaminodicarboxy, diaminomonocarboxylic, aromatic and heterocyclic amino acids were found in the series of bound acids. Considering that amino acids contribute to the rapid absorption and potentiation of the action of other biologically active substances (phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, organic acids, macro- and microelements) contained in plant raw materials, the study of the amino acids of the roots of Sophora flavescens L. is promising for use in official medicine and gives the opportunity to create new drugs of combined action based on the specified type of medicinal plant materials
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Zhang, Wenlong, Li Li, and Guohong Li. "Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of shrubby sophora (Sophora flavescens Ait.)." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 3, no. 2 (2018): 1282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2018.1532839.
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Zhang, Wenlong, Fu Qingdu, and Guohong Li. "Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of shrubby sophora (Sophora flavescens Ait.)." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 4, no. 1 (2019): 696–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2019.1574623.
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Liu, Yuan Hui, En Tao Wang, Yin Shan Jiao, et al. "Symbiotic characteristics of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA 110 mutants associated with shrubby sophora (Sophora flavescens) and soybean (Glycine max)." Microbiological Research 214 (September 2018): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2018.05.012.
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Castillo, Joseph O., and Rex John R. Celiz. "Efficacy of Aktrine 4.6 SL (matrine) for the control of major insect pests of rice." Journal of Agricultural Research, Development, Extension and Technology 4, no. 1 (2022): 10–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8299772.
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Aktrine 4.6 SL is a matrine, which is a natural derivative extracted from the leaves and roots of shrubby sophora (<em>Sophora flavescens</em>). This study was conducted to determine the efficiency of Aktrine 4.6 SL as a biological control agent against rice black bugs (RBB) (<em>Scotinophara coarctata</em> Fabricus), rice bugs (<em>Leptocorisa acuta</em> Thunberg), and white stem borers (<em>Scirpophaga innotata</em> Walker). Three Aktrine 4.6 SL concentrations were used in this study: 0.5 mL∙L<sup>–1</sup>, 1.0 mL·L<sup>–1</sup>, and 2.0 mL∙L<sup>–1</sup>. Pure water treatment served as the control. The experiment was set in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments, replicated four times on the populations of the three species. Results demonstrate that Aktrine 4.6 SL applied at 1.0 and 2.0 ml∙L<sup>–1</sup> can control pest infestation and damage. At these concentrations, rice black bug and rice bug populations as well as damage from stem borer were significantly lower compared to plants with no treatment or those applied with 0.5 ml∙L<sup>–1 </sup>Aktrine 4.6 SL. Further, plots treated with 1.0 and 2.0 ml∙L<sup>–1</sup> concentrations of Aktrine 4.6 SL produced significantly higher grain yield. To minimize costs, a concentration of 1.0 ml·L<sup>–1</sup> is recommended.
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SHAHRAJABIAN, Mohamad H., and Wenli SUN. "The importance of application of medicinal plants and natural products in poultry health management." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 16, no. 3 (2024): 11994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55779/nsb16311994.
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Application of herbs and natural medicines have shown to have no negative side effects, with high effectiveness to improve productivity. Usage of medicinal plants can increase gut function, improve hepatic function, inhibition of prooxidant enzymes, enhance antioxidant content, improve shelf life, enhance sensorial value, better nutritive value, improve both health and consumers preference, enhance calcium and other minerals, increase vitamin B and folate, and enhance immunity. The most important medicinal plants with antiparasitic activities are green tea, guar bean, pine bark, grape seed, barberry root bark, Rangoon creeper, olive tree, and wormwood. Some other important medicinal plants in poultry industry are black pepper, nettle, shrubby sophora, Aleppo oak, garlic, red cedar, ginger, mint, tobacco, turmeric, aloe vera, etc. The application of herbal medicines can be considered as an important alternative to treating parasitic infections. In organic broiler production with application of medicinal plants, decreasing hormones, growth promoters and antibiotics should be considered as well as paying more attention to selection of appropriate organic feed management with considering higher production. This article aims to survey on the importance of application of natural products and medicinal plants in poultry industry by considering secondary metabolites such as triterpenoids, coumarins, alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids due to their anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and astringent properties.
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Tan, Yunxiang, Yunhang Lv, Mengyu Xv, Laiye Qu, and Wenjuan Wang. "Differences in Metabolic Characteristics of Rhizosphere Fungal Community of Typical Arboreal, Shrubby and Herbaceous Species in Oasis of Arid Region." Journal of Fungi 10, no. 8 (2024): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof10080565.
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Populus euphratica, Tamarix ramosissima, and Sophora alopecuroides are, respectively, typical arboreal, shrubby, and herbaceous species in oases of arid regions. It is important to study the difference in metabolic characteristics of the rhizosphere fungal community of these plant species and their relationships with soil factors for the preservation of delicate arid oasis ecosystems with future environmental changes. In this study, we, respectively, collected 18 rhizosphere soil samples of P. euphratica, T. ramosissima, and S. alopecuroides to explore the difference in rhizosphere fungal metabolic characteristics of different plant life forms and their underlying driving factors. The results showed that (1) soil physicochemical properties (including soil water content, pH, etc.) were significantly different among different plant species (p < 0.05). (2) Rhizosphere fungal metabolic characteristics were significantly different between S. alopecuroides and T. ramosissima (ANOSIM, p < 0.05), which was mainly caused by the different utilization of carboxylic carbon. (3) The RDA showed that the main driving factors of the variations in rhizosphere fungal metabolic characteristics were different among different plant species. The main explanatory variables of the variations in the metabolic characteristics of the rhizosphere fungal community were carbon to nitrogen ratio (23%) and available potassium (17.4%) for P. euphratica, while soil organic carbon (23.1%), pH (8.6%), and total nitrogen (8.2%) for T. ramosissima, and soil clay content (36.6%) and soil organic carbon (12.6%) for S. alopecuroides. In conclusion, the variations in rhizosphere fungal metabolic characteristics in arid oases are dominantly affected by soil factors rather than plant life forms.
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Dou, Yanxing, Yang Yang, and Shaoshan An. "Above-Ground Biomass Models of Caragana korshinskii and Sophora viciifolia in the Loess Plateau, China." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (2019): 1674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061674.
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The quantification of above-ground biomass is based on the calculation of carbon storage, which is important for the balance of carbon cycling. However, the allometric models of shrubs for calculating the above-ground biomass of shrubs in the Loess Plateau are scarce. In order to solve this issue, this study analyzed some highly correlated variables, including height (H), branch diameters (D), canopy volume (Cv), canopy area (Ca), and then built a regression model to predict the above-ground biomass in two common shrubs (Caragana korshinskii and Sophora viciifolia) in the Loess Plateau, China. The results show that the above-ground biomass of these two shrubs can be accurately predicted by H and D, and then we can use allometric model (y = axb) to calculate shrub above-ground biomass (including leaf biomass and branch biomass). Furthermore, the correlation between leaf biomass and branch biomass in Caragana korshinskii and Sophora viciifolia indicates that the components of above-ground biomass are closely related to each other. In addition, there is a strong linear relationship (p < 0.01) between the observed and estimated biomass values, which confirms the data accuracy of the above-ground biomass estimation models. In summary, these two biomass estimation models provide an accurate way to estimate the quantification of carbon for shrubs in the Loess Plateau.
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Butcher, S. M., and R. A. Bicknell. "Sophora microphylla Ait. ‘Earlygold’." HortScience 21, no. 5 (1986): 1253. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.5.1253.
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Abstract The genus Sophora belongs to the family Papilionaceae and contains about 20 species of temperate and subtropical trees and shrubs (1) of wide distribution. Three species are native to New Zealand: S. prostrata J. Buchan, S. tetraptera J.F. Mill, and S. microphylla Ait. The 2 tall species, S. tetraptera and S. microphylla, are widely planted as garden specimen trees because of their abundant golden yellow flowers produced in spring. 'Earlygold' is being released for its ornamental value and for its dwarf compact growth habit.
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Iqbal, Anam. "Sustainable, Proficient Fodder Influenced By Bio Diversity in Mineral Composition of Shrub Leaves of Quetta District." Biotechnology and Bioprocessing 1, no. 1 (2020): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2766-2314/002.
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The vegetation of Balochistan is of critical value to the quality of life for the local nomadic people. Many important dominant species used for animal grazing were selected to evaluate their value as fodder during 2016-2017. These plants including Amylgdalus brahuica Boiss, Prunus eburnea Aitch, Caragana ambigua Stocks, Sophora mollis Royle, Perovskia abrotanoides Karel, and Berberis baluchistanica Ahrendt, (as because Sophora mollis were not found in Zarghoon] were collected seasonally from Hazarganji, Karkhasa and Zarghoon area of Quetta district. These were analyzed for macro and micro elemental composition such as P, Ca, Na, K, S, Fe, Zn, Sr, Al and Mn by using atomic absorption, flame photometer and X-ray florescence spectrophotometer. The elemental concentrations were compared with standard feed table of Pakistan Agriculture Research Council. P. eburnea and B. baluchistanica showed good amount of nutrients in their foliage, these two plants were palatable and preferred by the small ruminants, while A. brahuica and C. ambigua showed medium amounts of minerals and fulfill the requirements of the animal as fodder. The animals did not prefer to eat P. abrotanoides may due to its strong smell while S. mollishad deposition of cutin and suberin on their leaves. It was observed that there was no significant difference (P > 0.05] in the concentration of different elements of the forage due to seasonal changes.
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Batool, Sumaira, Zakir Hussain, Abida Bano, Azmat Batool, and Pervez Iqbal. "DETERMINATION OF MACRONUTRIENTS CONCENTRATION IN DRY FOLLIAGE OF SOPHORA MOLLIS TO USE GREEN LUMEN AS ORGANIC FERTILIZER." Insights-Journal of Health and Rehabilitation 2, no. 2 (Health & Allied) (2024): 513–21. https://doi.org/10.71000/ijhr192.
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Background: Optimal plant growth and successful crop production rely on the availability of essential macronutrients, which include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg). These nutrients play critical roles in plant metabolism, soil fertility, and sustainable agriculture. Sophora mollis, a small deciduous shrub of the Fabaceae family, holds potential as an organic fertilizer due to its nutrient-rich foliage. Investigating its macronutrient profile provides insights into its suitability for addressing soil nutrient deficiencies and enhancing agricultural productivity. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the macronutrient concentrations in the dry foliage of Sophora mollis and to assess its potential as an organic fertilizer for improving soil fertility and supporting sustainable agriculture. Methods: The research involved the collection of dry foliage from Sophora mollis plants in various regions of Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan. The samples were dried, powdered, and analyzed in the laboratory. Nitrogen content was determined using the Kjeldahl method, which involved digestion, neutralization, distillation, and titration processes. The concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were analyzed using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. Appropriate standards were prepared for calibration, and the macronutrient concentrations were calculated based on established protocols. Results: The dry foliage of Sophora mollis demonstrated macronutrient concentrations of 3.9% nitrogen, 0.6% phosphorus, 4.2% potassium, 2.4% calcium, and 0.8% magnesium. These values closely aligned with the sufficient ranges required for plant growth. The results highlighted the nutrient-rich profile of Sophora mollis, indicating its potential as a sustainable organic fertilizer. Conclusion: The study concluded that the dry foliage of Sophora mollis is a promising source of essential macronutrients and can serve as an effective organic fertilizer. Its use in sustainable agricultural practices can improve soil fertility and support crop productivity, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions.
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Jumayev, J. M., M. Z. Kholmurodov, and K. A. Khalilova. "Phenology and growth indicators of honey trees and bushes in Uzbekistan." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 02050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124402050.
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This article presents the results of research on the study of some bioecological properties of honey-producing trees and shrubs. The flowering period of the main trees and shrubs is March-June and allows to obtain a high amount of honey. During the summer months, Lycium barbarum, Symphoricarpos albus, Sophora japonica species continue to bloom until autumn. According to the data, the growth rates of all trees and shrubs were at the level of demand. In particular, when growing linden trees in the spring, their height increased from 190.5 cm to 230.5 cm in autumn. That was, it grew by 40 cm during one vegetation. The Ligustrum bush had the highest growth rate, with seedlings planted in spring averaging 90 cm in height and 155.8 cm in autumn, with an annual growth rate of 65.8 cm. These indicators depicted that the conditions in the experimental fields were suitable for the growth of trees and shrubs.
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Wang, Zongfei, and Fenli Zheng. "Ecological stoichiometry of plant leaves, litter and soils in a secondary forest on China’s Loess Plateau." PeerJ 8 (October 14, 2020): e10084. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10084.
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Ecological stoichiometry can reveal nutrient cycles in soil and plant ecosystems and their interactions. However, the ecological stoichiometry characteristics of leaf-litter-soil system of dominant grasses, shrubs and trees are still unclear as are their intrinsic relationship during vegetation restoration. This study selected three dominant plant types of grasses (Imperata cylindrica (I. cylindrica) and Artemisiasacrorum (A.sacrorum)), shrubs (Sophora viciifolia (S. viciifolia) and Hippophae rhamnoides (H. rhamnoides)) and trees (Quercus liaotungensis (Q. liaotungensis) and Betula platyphylla (B. platyphylla)) in secondary forest areas of the Chinese Loess Plateau to investigate ecological stoichiometric characteristics and their intrinsic relationships in leaf-litter-soil systems. The results indicated that N concentration and N:P ratios in leaf and litter were highest in shrubland; leaf P concentration in grassland was highest and litter in forestland had the highest P concentration. Soil C, N and P concentrations were highest in forestland (P < 0.05) and declined with soil depth. Based on the theory that leaf N:P ratio indicates nutritional limitation of plant growth, this study concluded that grass and shrub growth was limited by N and P element, respectively, and forest growth was limited by both of N and P elements. The relationships between the N concentration in soil, leaf and litter was not significant (P >0.5), but the soil P concentration was significantly correlated with litter P concentration (P < 0.05). These finding enhance understanding of nutrient limitations in different plant communities during vegetation restoration and provide insights for better management of vegetation restoration.
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Asadov, H., S. Bagirova, I. Mirjalally, R. Efendiyeva, and Atayeva. "Salinity Resistant of Introduced Woody-Shrub Species in Saline Soil of Absheron Peninsula." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 2 (2021): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/63/04.
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The aim of the scientific work is to identify the degree of salt tolerance of new tree-shrub species brought from various soil and climatic regions of the world, introduced and widely used in landscape arrangements on the Absheron peninsula of Azerbaijan. In connection with the expansion and development of urban development, greening arrangements are also expanded, the appearance of large cities changed, the number of new parks, boulevards and green spaces increased, especially in the coastal zones of the Caspian Sea embankments. The structure of the soil of the Absheron Peninsula is sandy, sandy-loamy, with low water retention capacity. The Absheron peninsula of Azerbaijan is characterized by a characteristic sign of arid zones. However, the soil composition remains unchanged, which is characterized by chloride-sulfate, sulfate-chloride and chloride-carbonate salinization. In the coastal zones, chloride-carbonate salinization predominates, mainly 1500–2000 m from the sea, mainly chloride – sulfate, and sulfate – chloride in the central part of the peninsula. Due to the degree of salinity, the degree of salt tolerance is different for different species of woody-shrub plants. In the natural flora of the peninsula tree species are completely absent, the species composition of shrubs is small, mainly are found ephemeral and ephemerid species of herbaceous plants. The objects of study were Magnolia grandiflora L., Cupressus macrocarpa L., Sophora japonica L., among shrubs Nandina domestica Thunb., Ligustrum japonicum Thunb., Jasminum nudiflorum L., Lisium chinensis Mill, Euonymus japonica L., Nerium oleander, new types of cypress trees, various types of palm trees, etc. It was revealed that, in saline soil of the Absheron peninsula, the degree of influence of salinizing ions (Cl−, SO42−, and CO32−) on the accumulation of chlorophylls in the leaves of new introduced species has a direct correlative relationship. Toxic ions affect the protein-chlorophyll bond, the destruction of chloroplasts, and a decrease in photosynthesis, resulting in the formation of chlorophyllide and phytic acid, which promotes the formation of burns on a leaf blade and reduced the photosynthetic productivity.
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Mei, Duozhuoga, Sinong Yu, Shuangyuan Yu, Fuliang Cao, Guibin Wang, and Tingting Dai. "Unlocking the Potential of Sophora moorcroftiana (Fabaceae): The Overlooked Xizang Endemic." Forests 16, no. 3 (2025): 410. https://doi.org/10.3390/f16030410.
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Sophora moorcroftiana (Benth.) Baker is a drought- and sand-resistant endemic shrub species in the family Fabaceae, native to the Tibetan Plateau along the Yarlung Tsangpo River (elevation: 2800–4400 m). This study offers a comprehensive review of the latest research on S. moorcroftiana, with a focus on its ecological functions, medicinal potential, pest and disease management, and germplasm conservation. By synthesizing existing studies, the review sheds light on the mechanisms that enable this species to thrive in extreme environments, highlights its unique secondary metabolites, and explores its critical role in biodiversity maintenance. Additionally, the article examines the current conservation status of S. moorcroftiana, identifies the key threats to its survival, and suggests future research directions and strategies for sustainable utilization. The goal of this review is to fill existing knowledge gaps by providing a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for future scientific research, applied uses, and conservation initiatives related to S. moorcroftiana.
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Niu, Genhua, Denise Rodriguez, and Mengmeng Gu. "Response of Sophora secundiflora to Nitrogen Form and Rate." HortScience 46, no. 9 (2011): 1303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.46.9.1303.
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Texas mountain laurel (Sophora secundiflora) is a native shrub tolerating drought, heat, windy conditions, and alkaline or wet soils. However, its availability is somewhat low and little information is available on nutrient requirement and other culture information. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to quantify the responses of Texas mountain laurel to different forms and rates of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. In Expt. 1, 1-year old seedlings were treated for 194 days with three NO3:NH4 ratios at 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 and two rates of N at 100 and 200 mg·L−1 in a factorial design. There was no interaction between the N rate and form on any growth parameters. Nitrogen form did not significantly affect shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root–to-shoot ratio, or the total dry weight. There was no significant difference between N rate of 100 and 200 mg·L−1 on root dry weight, root-to-shoot ratio, or the total dry weight. The shoot dry weight of Texas mountain laurel fertilized with 100 mg·L−1 was higher compared with that of the plants fertilized at 200 mg·L−1. The reduced shoot dry weight at N of 200 mg·L−1 was the result of the higher substrate salinity. In Expt. 2, seedlings were fertilized with five N rates (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg·L−1) for 203 days. Plants watered with 150, 200, and 250 mg·L−1 were taller than those fertilized with 50 mg·L−1. The shoot height of plants watered with 100 mg·L−1 was only significantly different from 50 mg·L−1. For rapid growth of Texas mountain laurel, a N rate range of ≈150 mg·L−1 was recommended supplied with a combination of NO3-N and NH4-N in the ratios of 0.3 to 3.0.
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Li, Huie, Lan Yang, Qian Li, and Jiangrong Li. "Completed plastome sequence of Sophora moorcroftiana, an endemic shrub to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 4, no. 2 (2019): 4182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2019.1692713.
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Li, Qingqing, Yueru Zhu, and Zunling Zhu. "Calculation and Optimization of the Carbon Sink Benefits of Green Space Plants in Residential Areas: A Case Study of Suojin Village in Nanjing." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (2022): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010607.
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Objectives: In the “dual evaluation” of land space, the evaluation of the importance of ecosystem service functions and residential areas is important, playing a significant role in plants acting as carbon sinks and thereby achieving the transformation of low-carbon settlements. Methods: The paper compares and analyzes five models for quantifying carbon sink benefits and focuses on the national tree benefit calculator (NTBC) model, which is suitable for the carbon sequestration benefits of plants in residential areas, to (i) estimate and compare the economic benefits brought by trees and shrubs in residential areas, (ii) analyze the reasons for the differences between the current data and data for the next 20 years, and (iii) comprehensively evaluate the technical points related to the plant landscape in residential areas to assess whether they comply with the “Green Settlement Standard.” The index system was scored according to the standard. Result: The current data collected for existing trees and shrubs include the following: When the trees are in good condition, the order of the trees according to their economic benefits in the current year is Zelkova serrata > Cedrus deodara > Sapindus saponaria > Sophora japonica > Cinnamomum camphora > Prunus cerasifera > Magnolia grandiflora > Ulmus pumila > Acer L. > Lagerstroemia indica L. > Sapium sebiferum > Sabina > Punica granatum L. > Acer palmatum > Sapium sebiferum > Celtis sinensis Pers > Bambusa multiplex > Cycas > Melia azedarach L. > Pinus parviflora, and that of the trees in the next 20 years is Zelkova serrata > Cinnamomum camphora > Sophora japonica > Sapindus saponaria > Ulmus pumila > Cedrus deodara > Prunus cerasifera > Magnolia grandiflora > Acer L. > Sapium sebiferum > Cycas > Punica granatum L. > Lagerstroemia indica L. > Acer palmatum Thunb > Sabina > Bambusa multiplex > Broussonetia papyrifera > Celtis sinensis Pers > Melia azedarach L. > Pinus parviflora. The order of shrubs according to their economic gain in the current year is Photinia beauverdiana > Pittosporum tobira > Ligustrum lucidum > Viburnum odoratissimum > Buxus cephalantha, and that of the shrubs in the next 20 years is Ligustrum lucidum > Photinia beauverdiana > Pittosporum tobira > Buxus cephalantha > Viburnum odoratissimum. Conclusion: Using plants, the construction ideas, community structure and landscape maintenance of the carbon sink estimation system of residential areas should be updated according to three aspects to promote the quantification of the carbon sink benefits of green areas in urban settlements and the development of low-carbon settlements in China.
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Shao, L., X. Q. Liu, R. W. Gituru, R. Ruan, and L. Q. Chen. "Effect of pretreatment on breaking hard seed dormancy of Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels, a native Chinese shrub with potential for vegetation restoration in degraded habitats." Seed Science and Technology 38, no. 3 (2010): 792–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2010.38.3.28.
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Besehanych, I., Ya Hasynets, R. Kish, and A. Soyma. "DENDROFLORA UZHHOROD CITY RIVERFRONTS: CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS." Biolohichni systemy 15, no. 2 (2023): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/biosystems2023.02.201.
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The paper presents the results of inventory surveys of tree and shrub plantations on six riverfronts of the city of Uzhhorod: Pravoslavna, Kyivska, and Slovianska are on the left bank, Botanichna, Nezalezhnosti, and Studentska are on the right bank. The taxonomic composition of the dendroflora was determined and analysed, the ratio of introduced and native species, as well as the distribution by age and height were established. The general condition of green areas was characterised. The main species that dominate the plantings are species of the genus Tilia L., Aesculus L., Populus nigra L. var. italica Duroi, Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd., Sophora japonica L., Ginkgo biloba L., and less often highly decorative, flowering sakura Cerasus serrulata (Lindley) G. Don ex Loudon, Malus niedzwetzkyana Dieck ex Koehne, Catalpa bignonioides Walter, as well as coniferous trees of Pinus sylvestris L., Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco. Among the exotic species, S. japonica and P. acerifolia have proved to be particularly well established in the landscaping of Uzhhorod. Trees of these species in Uzhhorod are durable, resistant to falling out, and differ little in size and shape in plantings, so they retain their aesthetic appearance for a long time and are suitable for forming linear plantings. In total, 1147 specimens of 51 species of trees and shrubs belonging to 23 families grow on the five riversides of Uzhhorod city (excluding Botanichna). The most widespread is linden, with different species totaling 332 specimens present on four riverfronts (Nezalezhnosit, Studentska, Kyivska, Slovianska). By origin, 33 species (63.5 %) are introduced. Trees are represented by 37 species, shrubs by 15 species. Among the species represented, the total number of introducing is 984 specimens (68 % of the total number). The age gradations of the riverfront tree species coincide with the historical periods of planting: Czechoslovakian (70-90 years), Soviet (30-50 years), and modern (5-25 years). Most of the trees on the riverfronts, even those that have been growing since their planting, have not yet reached the limit of their biological age and have a good or satisfactory condition. The analysis revealed the need for a number of measures to improve the riverfronts in order to improve the existing landscapes and enhance their recreational properties.
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Umarov, Bekzod Baxtiyorjon o'g'li Isaqova Ozodaxon NumanovnaAxmadov Qosimjon Furqat o'g'li. "THE IMPORTANCE OF PLANTING AND CARING FOR LANDSCAPES AND SHARES IN IMPROVING THE ECOLOGY OF FERGANA REGION." "Science and innovation" international scientific journal 1, no. 2 (2022): 40–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6547671.
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Liu, Z. M., A. M. Zhao, X. Y. Kang, S. L. Zhou, and J. López-Pujol. "Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Conservation of Sophora moorcroftiana (Fabaceae), a Shrub Endemic to the Tibetan Plateau." Plant Biology 8, no. 1 (2006): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-872889.
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Luo, Yongjian, Yixin Zhang, Yu Jiang, et al. "iTRAQ-Based Proteomic and Physiological Analyses Reveal the Mechanisms of Dehydration and Cryopreservation Tolerance of Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep. Seeds." Plants 12, no. 9 (2023): 1842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12091842.
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Sophora tonkinensi is a shrub of the genus Sophora in the family Fabaceae with anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects. While the cultivation, chemical makeup, and medicinal properties of S. tonkinensis have been reported, the physiological mechanisms governing its dehydration and cryopreservation tolerance of seeds remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and protein expression characteristics of S. tonkinensis seeds subjected to dehydration and cryopreservation techniques via the observation of cell microstructure, determination of antioxidant enzyme activity, and iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis, respectively. The results of the study demonstrated that the seeds possessed a certain level of tolerance to dehydration. The highest germination percentage of 83.0% was observed after 2 h of dehydration (10.1% water content), which was identified as the optimal time point for cryopreservation. However, the germination percentage was reduced to only 30.5% when the water content reached 5.4%, indicating that S. tonkinensis seeds exhibit intermediate storage behavior. Further investigation revealed that during seed dehydration and cryopreservation treatment, liposomes were gradually and highly fused, whereas the activities of ROS scavenging and stress defense were significantly enhanced. During dehydration, the seed tissues formed a protective mechanism of stress resistance based on protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and antioxidant system, which was related to the dehydration tolerance. Moreover, only three differentially expressed LEA proteins were identified, and it is speculated that the strengthening of intracellular metabolism and the absence of specific LEA and dehydrins could be crucial factors for the reduced germination percentage after excessive dehydration and cryopreservation.
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São-Mateus, Wallace Messias Barbosa, Domingos Cardoso, Jomar Gomes Jardim, and Luciano Paganucci de Queiroz. "Papilionoideae (Leguminosae) na Mata Atlântica do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil." Biota Neotropica 13, no. 4 (2013): 315–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032013000400028.
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This study presents a taxonomic account of the Papilionoideae (Leguminosae) from remnants of Atlantic Forest in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte. We recorded 68 species and 32 genera within the following tribes: Phaseoleae (11 genera/24 species), Dalbergieae (9/20), Swartzieae (3/3), Millettieae (2/4), Sophoreae (2/2), Abreae (1/1), Crotalarieae (1/3), Desmodieae (1/7), Indigofereae (1/3), and Sesbanieae (1/1). Ten genera and 32 species are newly recorded for the flora of Rio Grande do Norte. The most species-rich genera were Desmodium (7 species), Centrosema (5), Stylosanthes (5), Aeschynomene (4), and Macroptilium (4). Herbaceous and shrubby species have predominated with 60% (41 spp.) of the total species diversity, following by the vines and lianas with 28% (19 spp.) and the trees with only 12% (8 spp.). Identification key, descriptions, diagnostic morphological characters, geographic distribution, and illustrations are also provided.
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Wang, Fang, Shan Gao Xiong, Hong Yuan Li, Lan Lan Li, Qing Min Zhang, and Meng Xuan He. "Study on Dust-Retention Ability of Major Afforestation Tree Species in New Industrial Zone." Advanced Materials Research 838-841 (November 2013): 2433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2433.
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Dust pollution has become one of the major problems that impact unban environment. While urban vegetation plays an important role in improving the urban atmospheric environment. This study conducted a preliminary research on the dust-retention ability of 20 greening tree species, by field sampling investigating and laboratory analyzing. The 20 greening tree species in Tianjin Airport Economic Area, a new industrial zone of Tianjin, were taken as research object. The results of the study show that: (1) the dust-retention ability of shrubs is bigger than arbors; (2) the dust-retention ability per unit area of different tree species varies; (3) Among Arbors, the order of the dust-retention ability is Populus tomentosa> Sophora japonica> Paulownia tomentosa> Firmiana simplex> Platanus orientalis> Robinia pseudoacacia> Koelreuteria paniculata> Salix matsudana > Fraxinus chinensis; (4) Among shrubs, the order is Syzygium aromaticum> Kerria japonica> Sorbaria sorbifolia> Ligustrum obtusifolium> Malus micromalus> Prunus cistena> Hibiscus syriacus> Prunus cerasifera var. pissardi> Prunus cistena> Lonicera maackii (Rupr.)Maxim.> Sambucus racemosa> Cercis chinensis. The research provides a theoretical basis for choosing the tree species in reducing the atmospheric particulate matter in Tianjin Airport Economic Area and the new industrial zone of northern China. In addition, the greening activity will be in favor of improving the ecological environment of the region.
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Hong, Bo, and Yong Jian Qu. "Numerical Simulation Studies of Plant Communities’ Effects on Outdoor Thermal Environment in Residential District." Advanced Materials Research 598 (November 2012): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.598.255.
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The outdoor thermal environment has been worsening in recent years due to urban heat-island phenomenon accompanying fast development of urbanization. Many researches have been conducted into the effects of plants on the outdoor thermal environment by field experiment or numerical simulation. However, the plant communities’ effect on outdoor thermal environment has not established by numerical simulation yet. In this paper, the effect of plant communities on outdoor thermal environment was analyzed by numerical simulation. Moreover, the relationship between plant communities and outdoor thermal environment was also studied. The conclusion could be drawn as follows: 1) Platanus orientalis Community, Sophora japonica Community and Magnolia denudate Community have more obvious cooling effect. The shrub communities had a worse cooling effect and the grass was the worst; 2) there was a trend of decline of cooling effect with the decrease of plant communities ’canopy closure and leaf area index.
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Ge, Wensen, Xiaohong Liu, Xiaoqin Li, et al. "Strongly Active Responses of Pinus tabuliformis Carr. and Sophora viciifolia Hance to CO2 Enrichment and Drought Revealed by Tree-Ring Isotopes on the Central China Loess Plateau." Forests 13, no. 7 (2022): 986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13070986.
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Understanding the water-use strategy of human-planted species used in response to climate change is essential to optimize afforestation programs in dry regions. Since 2000, trees on the central Loess Plateau have experienced a shift from strengthening drought to weakening drought. In this study, we combined tree-ring δ13C and δ18O records from Pinus tabuliformis (syn. tabulaeformis) Carr. (a tree) and Sophora viciifolia Hance (a shrub) on the central Loess Plateau to investigate species-specific responses to rising atmospheric CO2 (Ca) and drought. We found summer relative humidity controlled the fractionation of tree-ring δ18O, but the magnitude of the climate influence on δ13C differed between the species. The intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) trends of both species suggested a strongly active response to maintain constant intercellular CO2 concentrations as Ca rose. The tree-ring δ13C and δ18O of both species using first-difference data were significantly and positively correlated, with stronger relationships for the shrub. This indicated the dominant regulation of iWUE by stomatal conductance in both species, but with greater stomatal control for the shrub. Moreover, the higher mean iWUE value of S. viciifolia indicated a more conservative water-use strategy than P. tabuliformis. Based on our commonality analysis, the main driver of the increased iWUE was the joint effect of Ca and vapor-pressure deficit (25.51%) for the tree, while it was the joint effect of Ca and the self-calibrated Palmer drought severity index (39.13%) for the shrub. These results suggest S. viciifolia will be more drought-tolerant than P. tabuliformis and as Ca continually rises, we should focus more on the effects of soil drought than atmospheric drought on the water-use strategy of S. viciifolia.
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Wang, Fang, Hong Yuan Li, Xin Li, and Jia Nan Yang. "Analysis of Carbon Sequestration and Oxygen Release Capabilities of 25 Afforestation Plants in Tianjin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 641-642 (September 2014): 1087–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.641-642.1087.
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CI-340 portable photosynthesis test system and JYM-B leaf area meter were employed to observe the physiological velocity and leaf area index of 25 widely used afforestation plants in Tianjin. The results indicate that the diurnal change curve of net photosynthesis rates of 25 experimental species has one or two peaks. The daily carbon sequestration and oxygen release per unit leaf area are respectively 3.98-13.01 g/( m2·d) and 2.9-9.46 g/( m2·d). Among arbors, the order of carbon sequestration and oxygen release capabilities per unit leaf area is Ulmus pumila >Fraxinus velutina>Sophora japonica>Salix matsudana f. pendula>Malus micromalus cv.‘American’>Koelreuteria paniculata>Acer truncatum>Ulmus pumila cv. ‘jinye’>Prunus davidiana>Malus micromalus>Cotinus coggygria > Rhus typhina> Platanus orientalis>Catalpa speciosa>Diospyros kaki> Morus alba cv. ‘Tortuosa’. Among shrubs, the order is Weigela florida>Euonymus japonicus>Cercis chinensis>Ligustrum vicaryi >Sorbaria sorbifolia> Syringa oblata > Lonicera maackii >Cornus alba>Lonicera japonica.
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Ubaydullaev, Farxod, Alisher Xoliqov, Sardor Xudaybergenov, and Tojinur Pulatova. "Irrigation regime Influence on the growth and seedlings development of common fake chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) and Japanese safflower (Sophora japonica L.) in the highways landscaping." E3S Web of Conferences 264 (2021): 04064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126404064.
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It is important to accelerate the growth of seeds and seedlings when growing seedlings in forests and orchards in the landscaping of roads and residential areas. One of the effective methods is irrigation in the complex of agro-technical measures to improve the nursery. This shortens the growing time of seedlings and saplings of tree and shrub species, increases their quality while reducing labor costs per unit area.
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Liu, Ying, Fei Yi, Guijuan Yang, et al. "Geographic population genetic structure and diversity of Sophora moorcroftiana based on genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)." PeerJ 8 (August 6, 2020): e9609. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9609.
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Sophora moorcroftiana is a perennial leguminous low shrub endemic to the Yarlung Zangbo River basin in Tibet with irreplaceable economic and ecological value. To determine the drivers of evolution in this species, 225 individuals belonging to 15 populations from different geographic locations were sampled, and population genetics was studied using high-throughput genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Based on genetic diversity analysis, phylogenetic analysis, principal component analysis, and structure analysis, 15 natural populations were clustered into the following five subgroups: subgroup I (Shigatse subgroup) was located in the upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River with a relatively high level of population genetic variation (means for PIC, Shannon and PI were 0.173, 0.326 and 0.0000305, respectively), and gene flow within the subgroup was also high (mean value for Nm was 4.67). Subgroup II (including Pop 7 and Pop 8; means for PIC, Shannon and PI were 0.182, 0.345 and 0.0000321, respectively), located in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River had relatively high levels of gene flow with the populations distributed in the upper and lower reaches. The Nm between subgroup II with subgroups I and III was 3.271 and 2.894, respectively. Considering all the genetic diversity indices Pop 8 had relatively high genetic diversity. Subgroup III (the remaining mixed subgroup of Lhasa and Shannan) was located in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River and the means for PIC, Shannon and PI were 0.172, 0.324 and 0.0000303, respectively. Subgroup IV (Nyingchi subgroup), located in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River basin, showed a further genetic distance from the other subgroups and the means for PIC, Shannon and PI were 0.147, 0.277 and 0.0000263, respectively. Subgroup V (Nyingchi Gongbu Jiangda subgroup), located in the upper reaches of the Niyang River, had the lowest level of genetic variation (means for PIC, Shannon and PI were 0.106, 0.198 and 0.0000187, respectively) and gene flow with other populations (mean value for Nm was 0.42). According to the comprehensive analysis, the S. moorcroftiana populations generally expanded from upstream to downstream and displayed a high level of genetic differentiation in the populations in the upper and lower reaches. There were high levels of gene exchange between the central populations with upstream and downstream populations, and wind-induced seed dispersal was an important factor in the formation of this gene exchange mode.
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Zhu, Liucun, Ying Zhang, Wenna Guo, Xin-Jian Xu, and Qiang Wang. "De NovoAssembly and Characterization ofSophora japonicaTranscriptome Using RNA-seq." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/750961.
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Sophora japonicaLinn (Chinese Scholar Tree) is a shrub species belonging to the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae. In this study, RNA sequencing ofS. japonicatranscriptome was performed to produce large expression datasets for functional genomic analysis. Approximate 86.1 million high-quality clean reads were generated and assembledde novointo 143010 unique transcripts and 57614 unigenes. The average length of unigenes was 901 bps with an N50 of 545 bps. Four public databases, including the NCBI nonredundant protein (NR), Swiss-Prot, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and the Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG), were used to annotate unigenes through NCBI BLAST procedure. A total of 27541 of 57614 unigenes (47.8%) were annotated for gene descriptions, conserved protein domains, or gene ontology. Moreover, an interaction network of unigenes inS. japonicawas predicted based on known protein-protein interactions of putative orthologs of well-studied plant genomes. The transcriptome data ofS. japonicareported here represents first genome-scale investigation of gene expressions in Faboideae plants. We expect that our study will provide a useful resource for further studies on gene expression, genomics, functional genomics, and protein-protein interaction inS. japonica.
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Lin, Lu, Meng Pan, Hong Gao, Chengming Tian, and Xinlei Fan. "The Potential Fungal Pathogens of Euonymus japonicus in Beijing, China." Journal of Fungi 9, no. 2 (2023): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9020271.
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Euonymus japonicus tolerates the dry and frigid climate of Beijing, China, and effectively filters out particles during the winter. However, fungal infestation frequently causes extreme illness and can even lead to shrub death. In this study, 104 diseased E. japonicus specimens were collected from seven districts in Beijing. Seventy-nine isolates were identified as 22 fungal species in seven genera. The species were Aplosporella hesperidica, A. javeedii, A. prunicola, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Colletotrichum aenigma, Co. euonymi, Co. euonymicola, Co. gloeosporioides, Cytospora ailanthicola, C. albodisca, C. diopuiensis, C. discotoma, C. elaeagni, C. euonymicola, C. euonymina, C. haidianensis, C. leucostoma, C. sophorae, C. zhaitangensis, Diaporthe eres, Dothiorella acericola, and Pestalotiopsis chaoyangensis. On the basis of morphological and phylogenetic analyses, Colletotrichum euonymi, Co. euonymicola, Cytospora zhaitangensis, and Pestalotiopsis chaoyangensis were introduced as novel species. Colletotrichum euonymi, Co. euonymicola, and Pestalotiopsis chaoyangensis were subsequently confirmed as pathogens of E. japonicus leaves by pathogenicity testing. This study provides an important assessment of the fungi associated with diseases of E. japonicus in Beijing, China.
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Costello, David A., Ian D. Lunt, and Jann E. Williams. "Effects of invasion by the indigenous shrub Acacia sophorae on plant composition of coastal grasslands in south-eastern Australia." Biological Conservation 96, no. 1 (2000): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(00)00058-6.
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Çakmakçı, Ramazan, Rafet Aslanataş, Yaşar Erdoğan, and Ümmügülsüm Erdoğan. "Flowers of Çoruh Valley." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 13 (2018): 1785. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i13.1785-1791.1688.
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Coruh valley has an important biological diversity in term of plants, flora-fauna, wildlife and ecosystems. These regions contain the landraces, wild and weedy relatives, other wild, herbaceous and flowering trees, herbaceous flowering plants, medicinal and aromatic and flowering and ornamental shrubs plants species which are especially economically important plant for floriculture, eco-tourism, botanical tourism and nature tourism. Many important medicinal and aromatic and ornamental plants species are found in this region and naturally grow. It is considered that Acantholimon, Achillea, Alkanna, Allium, Amygdalus, Angelica, Anemone, Anthemis, Arabis, Arctium, Artemisia, Asparagus, Asperula, Astragalus, Calamintha, Calendula, Calutea, Campanula, Capparis, Cardamine, Centaurea, Cephalanthera, Cephalaria, Chelidonium, Chenopodium, Chysanthemum, Colchicum, Consolida, Coriandrum, Cornus, Coronilla, Cerasus, Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Crocus, Cyclamen, Dactylorhiza, Digitalis, Dianthus, Draba, Echinops, Equisetum, Ferula, Filipendula, Fritillaria, Fumaria, Gagea, Galanthus, Galium, Genista, Gentiana, Geranium, Geum, Gladiolus, Glychirrza, Helichrysum, Hesperis, Hypericum, İnula, İris, Isatis, Juniperus, Lilium, Linaria, Linum, lysimachia, Malus, Malva, Marrubium, Melissa, Mentha, Micromeria, Morina, Muscari, Mysotis, Narcissus, Neotchichatchewia, Nepeta, Onobrychis, Orchis, Ornithogalum, Origanum, Paeonia, Papaver, Pedicularis, Peganum, Phelypaea, Platanthera, Plantago, Pilosella, Pelargonium, Potentilla, Polygonum, Polygala, Primula, Punica, Prunus, Pyrus, Ranunculus, Rhamnus, Rhododendron, Rhus, Rosa, Rubia, Rubus, Rumex, Salvia, Sambucus, Satureja, Scilla, Scorzonera, Scutellaria, Sedum, Sempervivum, Sideritis, Sophora, Sorbus, Stachys, Tanecetum, Teucrium, Thymus, Trigonella, Tulipa, Tussilago, Uechtriitzia, Vaccinium, Verbascum, Verbena, Veronica, Viburnum and Ziziphora species commonly found in the region may be may be evaluated economically.
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Fu, Xiaoxia, Fei Sun, Faxi Wang, et al. "Aloperine Protects Mice against DSS-Induced Colitis by PP2A-Mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Suppression." Mediators of Inflammation 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5706152.
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Colitis is a major form of inflammatory bowel disease which involved mucosal immune dysfunction. Aloperine is an alkaloid isolated from the shrub Sophora alopecuroides L. and has been recognized as an effective treatment for inflammatory and allergic diseases. The present study aimed to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying aloperine-mediated colitis protection. We found that aloperine treatment improved colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) based on body weight, disease activity index, colonic length, and spleen index. Aloperine also effectively attenuated DSS-induced intestinal inflammation based on the pathological score and myeloperoxidase expression and activity in colon tissues. In addition, aloperine regulated T-cell proportions and promoted Foxp3 expression in the spleens and mesenteric lymph nodes of DSS-induced colitis mice and in the spleens of the Foxp3GFP mice. Aloperine inhibited Jurkat and mouse naïve T-cell apoptosis. Furthermore, aloperine inhibited PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and upregulated PP2A expression in the DSS-induced colitis mice and in Jurkat cells, but LB-100 (PP2A inhibitor) resulted in an elevated Akt activity in Jurkat cells, activated T-cells, and human splenic mononuclear cells. Aloperine inhibited T-cell and lymphocyte proliferation, but LB-100 reverse these effects. In conclusion, aloperine regulates inflammatory responses in colitis by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in a PP2A-dependent manner.
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Baskin, Carol C., Jennifer Wurts, Zhimin Liu, and Jerry M. Baskin. "A Method for Breaking Physical Dormancy in Seeds of the Endemic Tibetan Plateau Shrub Sophora moorcroftiana var. moorcroftiana (Fabaceae) and Implications for Restoration." Natural Areas Journal 27, no. 2 (2007): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3375/0885-8608(2007)27[118:amfbpd]2.0.co;2.
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Budakova, V. S., N. V. Yorkina, P. M. Telyuk, A. K. Umerova, O. M. Kunakh, and O. V. Zhukov. "Impact of recreational transformation of soil physical properties on micromolluscs in an urban park." Biosystems Diversity 29, no. 2 (2021): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/012111.
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The paper assesses the effect of transformation of soil physical properties on the abundance of micromolluscs in the conditions of an urban park. The studies were carried out in Novooleksandrivskiy Park (Melitopol, Ukraine). An experimental polygon was represented by 7 transects with 18 sampling points in each. The interval between the points in the transect, as well as the interval between transects, was 3 meters. The total area of the polygon was 1,134 m2. The tree species growing within the polygon were Quercus robur, Sophora japonica, and Acer campestre. Shrubs were represented by Ulmus laevis, Tilia cordata, Celtis occidentalis, and Morus nigra. The locations of the trees and shrubs were mapped. The crowns of tree and shrub plants formed a dense canopy and a shady light regime. The grass cover was practically absent. The soil mechanical resistance, soil aggregate-size distribution, electrical conductivity of soil, soil moisture and bulk density were measured. We recorded 618 individuals of Vallonia pulchella, 120 individuals of Cochlicopa lubrica, and 58 individuals of Acanthinula aculeata within the surveyed polygon. We extracted three principal components, which could explain 60.9% of the variation in the feature space of the soil properties. The principal component 1 explained 42.0% of the variation of the feature space and depended on the soil penetration resistance throughout the whole profile, aggregate composition, density, electric conductivity and moisture content of soil. This component reflected a tendency for soil penetration resistance and soil density to increase near recreational trails. The principal component 1 was used to indicate the gradient of recreational transformation of the soil. The principal component 2 was able to explain 10.6% of the variation in the feature space. It negatively correlated with the distance from the recreational trail, soil penetration resistance at the depth of 35 cm or more, soil electrical conductivity, and the proportion of aggregates greater than 3 mm in size. This component positively correlated with soil penetration resistance at 0–5 cm depth and the proportion of aggregates less than 0.5 mm in size. This component can be interpreted as a "halo" from the recreational trail, or a gradient of indirect soil transformations adjacent to the zone of intense recreational load. The principal component 3 was able to explain 8.3% of the variation in the feature space. It positively correlated with soil penetration resistance at the depth of 20–40 cm, the proportion of 0.5–7.0 mm aggregates, and soil moisture. It negatively correlated with the proportion of aggregates larger than 7 mm and smaller than 0.25 mm. This component indicated a variation in soil properties that was induced by causes independent of recreational exposure. The extracted gradients of soil properties significantly influenced the abundance of micromollusc populations. The abundance of all species decreased after increase in recreational load. Micromollusc species responded to direct recreational exposure as plateau (C. lubrica) and asymmetric unimodal responses (V. pulchella and A. aculeata).
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Zhang, Ben, Jianying Yang, Jianjun Zhang, et al. "Optimizing Low-Efficiency Robinia pseudoacacia Forests on the Loess Plateau Based on an Evaluation of the Ecological Functions of Soil and Water Conservation." Forests 15, no. 12 (2024): 2184. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15122184.
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The vegetation for water and soil conservation on the Loess Plateau has resulted in the formation of large areas of low-quality and inefficient forests during its growth process, thereby hindering the high-quality development of such vegetation and compromising the sustainability of the ecological functions of soil and water conservation. This study focuses on Robinia pseudoacacia forests in the Caijiachuan watershed in the Loess region of western Shanxi. A comprehensive evaluation system for the ecological functions of soil and water conservation has been established to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the Robinia pseudoacacia forests. Additionally, the study identifies low-efficiency Robinia pseudoacacia forests and proposes reasonable regulation and control measures. The main research conclusions are as follows: (1) There are significant differences in the water and soil conservation functions among different Robinia pseudoacacia forests. The degree of inefficiency in these forests increases with forest density, and Robinia pseudoacacia forests with slopes between 35° and 40° are all low-efficiency forests. (2) The average density of high-efficiency Robinia pseudoacacia forests is 1655 trees per hectare, medium-efficiency forests average 1780 trees per hectare, and low-efficiency forests average 1927 trees per hectare. By substituting forest density, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, and crown width into the low-efficiency forest discrimination function, low-efficiency forests can be identified. The main influencing factors of low-efficiency forests are the Margalef richness index of shrubs, the total soil nitrogen content; and the nitrate nitrogen content. (3) Regulation measures for low-efficiency forests include controlling forest density to 1655 trees per hectare, increasing the richness of understory shrubs, and enhancing total soil nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content by planting leguminous plants such as Lespedeza bicolor, Sophora davidii, and Vicia sepium. The research results can construct a comprehensive evaluation system for the ecological functions of Robinia pseudoacacia forests for water and soil conservation, identify low-efficiency forests, and provide precise regulation based on the causes of inefficiency, ensuring the sustainable function of Robinia pseudoacacia forests for water and soil conservation.
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Reddy, E., D. H. Van Vuren, P. G. Scowcroft, J. B. Kauffman, and L. Perry. "Long-term response of the mamane forest to feral herbivore management on Mauna Kea, Hawaii." Pacific Conservation Biology 18, no. 2 (2012): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc120123.
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Seven exclosure sites located on Mauna Kea, Hawaii and established in the 1960s and 70s were sampled to characterize long-term response of the mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) forest to protection from feral sheep grazing, and to assess impacts of non-native plant species and recurrent sheep presence on forest recovery. The forest provides essential habitat for an endangered bird, the palila (Loxoides bailleui). Vegetation was sampled inside exclosures during 1972–1976, 1998, and 2009, and also outside exclosures during 2009. Patterns of response varied among exclosures, but overall, mamane trees and native shrubs showed increasing cover between the 1970s and 1998, then a slowed rate of increase in cover or a decline between 1998 and 2009. Cover of native herbaceous vegetation showed variable trends between the 1970s and 1998, and then appeared to decline between 1998 and 2009. Mamane height class distributions inside exclosures indicated that recruitment was initially high but then declined as heights shifted toward larger size classes, and presumably an older age distribution. We found limited evidence of a negative effect of non-native species on forest regrowth, but the effect was not consistent over time or among sites. Recurrent sheep presence outside exclosures negatively affected mamane canopy density and perhaps tree density at all sites, and mamane condition at some sites. Our results indicate that the mamane forest has shown substantial regrowth inside exclosures at some sites, especially those protected the longest. However, these exclosures represent a small portion of the mamane forest. Sheep presence continues to impact mamane recovery outside exclosures, and thus habitat quality for the palila.
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Silva, Teomar Duarte da, Michele Trombin de Souza, Mireli Trombin de Souza, Roger Raupp Cipriano, Humberto Ribeiro Bizzo, and Cicero Deschamps. "Essential Oil Content and Chemical Composition in 14 Selected Species From a Stretch of Restinga in Southern Brazil." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 11 (2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n11p23.
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The restinga is an Atlantic Forest ecosystem characterized by tree, shrub, and herb species that are rich sources of essential oils. In this study, we aim to quantify the essential oil content and determine the chemical constituents of fresh leaves of 14 plant species in a restinga stretch in southern Brazil. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Campomanesia reitziana, Cortaderia selloana, and Sophora tomentosa had no essential oils. Total essential oil content ranged from 0.01% (Mikania involucrata) to 1.56% (Varronia curassavica). In total, 60 chemical constituents were identified, representing between 46.2% and 96.5% of the chemical composition of the essential oils. Limonene was the common constituent in all species in which the essential oils were present. The major constituents were ar-curcumene (15.1%) and cis-chrysanthenol (14.2%) in Ambrosia elatior; benzyl benzoate (43.5%) and benzyl salicylate (23.7%) in Aniba firmula; caryophyllene oxide (35.7%) and spathulenol (10.6%) in Austroeupatorium inulaefolium; spathulenol (19.8%) and caryophyllene oxide (14.0%) in Baccharis spicata; caryophyllene oxide (16.3%) in Eugenia astringens; curzerene (30.0%), limonene (13.0%), and germacrone (11.9%) in Eugenia uniflora; caryophyllene oxide (17.1%) and ledol (11.3%) in Lantana camara; caryophyllene oxide (27.7%) and limonene (12.7%) in M. involucrata; 1,8-cineole (19.8%) in Psidium cattleianum; limonene (10.2%) in Schinus terebinthifolius, and allo-aromadendrene (15.2%) in V. curassavica. We expect that our results can assist in selecting species of potential interest for herbal, phytotherapeutic, and cosmetic products.
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Le Féon, Violette, David Genoud, and Benoît Geslin. "Actualisation des connaissances sur l’abeille Megachile sculpturalis SMITH, 1853 en France et en Europe (Hymenoptera : Megachilidae)." Osmia 9 (July 12, 2021): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47446/osmia9.4.
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Update of knowledge on the bee Megachile sculpturalis SMITH, 1853 in France and Europe (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). - Megachile sculpturalis is a bee native to eastern Asia that is now also present in North America and Europe. This article follows the first synthesis on the ecology and geographical distribution in Europe of this species published in this same journal in 2018 and updates their knowledge. Megachile sculpturalis has been observed in 13 European countries. Its range now extends from the French Atlantic coast in the west to the Crimean Peninsula in the east. It has also been recorded on two Mediterranean islands, Elba (Italy) and Mallorca (Spain). In France, between 2008 and 2020, it was observed in 259 communes in 46 departments. The most northerly French observation was made in 2020 near Reims in the Marne department. Concerning feeding behaviour, new pollen analyses corroborate the results of previous ones which suggested a polylectic diet with a marked preference for shrubs of Asian origin (especially Sophora japonica and Ligustrum sp.). Regarding nesting behaviour, M. sculpturalis makes extensive use of bee hotels. However, a range of diameters (holes in logs or sections of plant stems) between 4 and 8 mm is suitable for the main native species likely to nest in the hotels, while limiting the establishment of M. sculpturalis. New observations have confirmed the tendency of M. sculpturalis to empty the nests of other species in order to establish its own larval cells. In addition, in Switzerland, a female was observed killing a bee of the genus Heriades. Such events, if frequent, could have negative impacts on native bees, but data are currently insufficient to quantify these impacts on populations.
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Sain, Sonam, Sangeeta Saini, Suvitha S.V, and Nilkanth Upadhyaya. "UNDERSTANDING THE THERAPEUTIC AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF COMMI-PHORA MUKUL (GUGGULU): A CRITICAL REVIEW." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 9, no. 11 (2021): 2769–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj2009112021.
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Guggulu has been a key element in the ancient Indian Ayurvedic system of medication. It has been used extensively by Ayurvedic Acharya for thousands of years to treat a large variety of disorders, besides its use in the pharmaceutical and perfume industries. Guggulu is a gum or resin extracted from the plant Commiphora mukul or Guggulu tree. Guggulu is a shrub or small tree belonging to Burseraceae family. a small perennial tree or shrub up to 1.2-1.8 m high, occurring in rocky tracts of Rajasthan, Barar, Khandesh, Maisoor, Kathiyabad, Belari. Exudate is collected during the winter season by making the incisions in the bark or summer, falling from the bark itself1. Guggulu has 5 types that are- Mahishaksha, Mahaneel, Kumuda, Padma, Hiranya. Guggulu is Vishad (non- unctuous), Tikta (bitter), Ushna Virya (hot in potency), increases Pitta, Sara (laxative), Kashaya (astringent), Katu (pungent) in taste, Katu in Vipak (pungent after digestion), Ruksha (causes dryness) and Laghu (light). Chemical compositions of Guggulu are volatile oil, resins and gum, Guggul sterole, Z-guggul sterone, E-guggul sterol-I, II and III, Sesasmine, Cholesterol, Mukolol and other steroids. It has Shothhar, Vedanasthapan, Vranshothan, Vranaropan and Jantughna effects. It uses as an external application in Aamvata, Katishul and Sandhishul. Keywords: Aamvata, Commiphora mukul, Guggulu, Kushtharoga, Sopha, Medoroga
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Katsevych, V. V., and Kh V. Strepetova. "Features of the granulometric composition of soils under introduced deciduous and ornamental woody plants in Taras Shevchenko Park." Ecology and Noospherology 34, no. 2 (2023): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/032316.
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The study of soil particle size distribution is key to understanding its properties, such as the ability to retain moisture, affect plant growth and drainage processes. This is important for determining the water-air regime, preventing erosion, and managing ecosystems. The research was conducted on the territory of Taras Shevchenko Park, which is located on the right bank of the Dnipro River. The park has about 8 thousand trees and more than 2 thousand shrubs. The composition of the tree and shrub complex is represented by more than 70 species. To determine the granulometric composition of the soils of the park area, soil samples were taken from a depth of 0–20 cm under the crowns of such introduced deciduous and ornamental woody plants as common bitter chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marshall), low elm (Ulmus pumila L.), western redbud (Celtis occidentalis L.), prickly gleditsia (Gleditsia triacanthos L.), Japanese sophora (Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott), Pennsylvania ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall), common robinia (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), red oak (Quercus rubra L.), highest ailanthus (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle), gymnocladus dioicus (Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K.Koch), ash maple (Acer negundo L.). The pipette method was used to determine the granulometric composition of the park's soils. The results obtained indicate that the vast majority of soils are light loam by their granulometric composition, and the content of physical clay ranges from 20.60 to 28.59 %. At the same time, the soils under the common bitter chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marshall) and ash maple (Acer negundo L.) are represented by medium loamy granulometric composition, where the content of physical clay ranges from 35.05 to 38.89 %. Among the predominant fractions in the studied soils, it should be noted the sand fraction (particle size 1–0.05 mm), the coarse dust fraction (particle size 0.05–0.01 mm) and the silt fraction (particle size <0.001 mm). This, in turn, led to the formation of the following types of particle size distribution: light sandy-dusty loam, light silty-dusty loam, light dusty-sandy loam, and medium silty-sandy loam. The predominance of these fractions ensures high water permeability of the soil, favorable thermal and air conditions. At the same time, the silt fraction plays a leading role in the formation of soil structure, and also provides high absorption capacity and coagulation ability. However, it is important to control the level of soil acidity, as it is the silt fraction that can lead to its increase. At the same time, light loamy soils retain moisture poorly, which in turn can lead to moisture deficits in the absence of sufficient rainfall. Particular attention should be paid to monitoring studies of the content of toxic substances in soils, as anthropogenic pollution can cause coarse dust to contain toxic substances, which can affect soil quality and its suitability for use. The study emphasizes the importance of studying the particle size distribution of soils under introduced trees for the proper management of park ecosystems. Particle size analysis provides valuable data on soil structure that affects soil permeability, water removal, and nutrient availability to plants. The ability to understand and predict changes in particle size distribution can be useful in ensuring the sustainable ecological sustainability of a park and optimizing conditions for the growth and development of introduced woody plants.
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Le, Féon Violette, David Genoud, and Benoît Geslin. "Actualisation des connaissances sur l'abeilles Megachile sculpturalis Smith, 1853 en France et en Europe." Osmia 9 (July 12, 2021): 25–36. https://doi.org/10.47446/OSMIA9.4.
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<em>Megachile sculpturalis</em> est une abeille originaire de l’est de l’Asie aujourd’hui également présente en Amérique du Nord et en Europe. Cet article fait suite à la première synthèse sur l’écologie et la distribution géographique en Europe de cette espèce parue dans cette même revue en 2018 et propose une actualisation des connaissances. <em>Megachile sculpturalis</em> a été observée dans 13 pays européens. Son aire de répartition s’étend aujourd’hui des côtes atlantiques françaises à l’ouest à la péninsule de Crimée à l’est. Elle a par ailleurs été signalée dans deux îles méditerranéennes, l’île d’Elbe (Italie) et Majorque (Espagne). En France, entre 2008 et 2020, elle a été observée dans 259 communes réparties dans 44 départements. L’observation française la plus septentrionale a été réalisée en 2020 près de Reims dans la Marne. Concernant le comportement alimentaire, de nouvelles analyses polliniques viennent corroborer les résultats de précédentes études qui suggéraient un régime polylectique avec une préférence marquée pour les arbustes d’origine asiatique (<em>Sophora japonica</em> et <em>Ligustrum</em> sp. en particulier). Pour sa nidification, <em>M. sculpturalis</em> utilise massivement les hôtels à abeilles. Cependant, une gamme de diamètres (trous dans des bûches ou sections de tiges végétales) compris entre 4 et 8 mm permet d’héberger les principales espèces indigènes susceptibles de nidifier dans les hôtels, tout en limitant l’installation de <em>M. sculpturalis</em>. De nouvelles observations ont confirmé la tendance de <em>M. sculpturalis</em> à vider les nids d’autres espèces pour y installer ses propres cellules larvaires. Par ailleurs, en Suisse, une femelle a été observée tuant une abeille du genre <em>Heriades</em>. Ce type d’événements, s’ils s’avèrent fréquents, pourraient avoir des impacts négatifs sur les abeilles indigènes mais les données sont pour l’heure insuffisantes pour quantifier ces impacts sur les populations. <strong>Update of knowledge on the bee <em>Megachile sculpturalis</em> Smith, 1853 in France and Europe (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) </strong> <em>Megachile sculpturalis</em> is a bee native to eastern Asia that is now also present in North America and Europe. This article follows the first synthesis on the ecology and geographical distribution in Europe of this species published in this same journal in 2018 and updates the knowledge. <em>Megachile sculpturalis</em> has been observed in 13 European countries. Its range now extends from the French Atlantic coast in the west to the Crimean Peninsula in the east. It has also been recorded on two Mediterranean islands, Elba (Italy) and Mallorca (Spain). In France, between 2008 and 2020, it was observed in 259 communes in 44 departments. The most northerly French observation was made in 2020 near Reims in the Marne department. Concerning feeding behaviour, new pollen analyses corroborate the results of previous ones which suggested a polylectic diet with a marked preference for shrubs of Asian origin (especially <em>Sophora japonica</em> and <em>Ligustrum</em> sp.). Regarding nesting behaviour, <em>M. sculpturalis</em> makes extensive use of bee hotels. However, a range of diameters (holes in logs or sections of plant stems) between 4 and 8 mm is suitable for the main native species likely to nest in the hotels, while limiting the establishment of <em>M. sculpturalis</em>. New observations have confirmed the tendency of <em>M. sculpturalis</em> to empty the nests of other species in order to establish its own larval cells. In addition, in Switzerland, a female was observed killing a bee of the genus <em>Heriades</em>. Such events, if frequent, could have negative impacts on native bees, but data are currently insufficient to quantify these impacts on populations.
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Kattaboyeva, Ruxshona Raximqul qizi, and Narzullo Bohodir o'g'li Saydullayev. "SURXONDARYO SHAROITIDA KO'KALAMZORLASHTIRISH UCHUN DARAXT-BUTA TURLARINI TANLASH VA ULARNI O'SISH KO'RSATKICHLARINI TAHLIL QILISH." Role of agriculture and medicine in science va O'zbekiston Agrar fani xabarnomasi Maxsus son, no. 1/1(19) 2025 (2025): 73–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15014171.
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<strong>SURXONDARYO SHAROITIDA KO‘KALAMZORLASHTIRISH UCHUN DARAXT-BUTA TURLARINI TANLASH VA ULARNI O‘SISH KO‘RSATKICHLARINI TAHLIL QILISH.</strong> <strong>Kattaboyeva Ruxshona Raximqul qizi</strong> kattaboyevaruxshona@gmail.com Termiz davlat muhandislik va agrotexnologiyalar universiteti 4-kurs talabasi S<strong>aydullayev Narzullo Bohodir o‘g‘li</strong> Termiz davlat muhandislik va agrotexnologiyalar universiteti “O‘rmonchilik, dorivor o‘simliklar va manzarali bog‘dorchilik” kafedrasi tayanch doktoranti narzillosaydullayev@gmail.com <strong> </strong> <strong>ПОДБОР ВИДОВ ДЕРЕВЬЕВ И КУСТАРНИКОВ ДЛЯ ОЗЕЛЕНЕНИЯ СУРХАНДАРЬИ И АНАЛИЗ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ИХ РОСТА.</strong> <strong>Каттабоева Рухшона Рахимкул кизи</strong> Студент 4 курса Термезского государственного университета инженерии и агротехнологий kattaboyevaruxshona@gmail.com <strong>Сайдуллаев Нарзулло Баходир угли</strong> Термезский государственный университет инженерии и агротехнологий Докторант кафедры «Лесное хозяйство, лекарственные растения и декоративное садоводство». narzillosaydullayev@gmail.com <strong>SELECTION OF TREE-SHUB SPECIES FOR GREENING IN SURKHANDARYA AND ANALYSIS OF THEIR GROWTH INDICATORS.</strong> <strong>Kattaboyeva Rukhshona Rakhimqul qizi</strong> kattaboyevaruxshona@gmail.com 4th year student of Termiz State University of Engineering and Agrotechnology <strong>Saydullayev Narzullo Bokhodir oglu</strong> narzillosaydullayev@gmail.com Termiz State University of Engineering and Agrotechnology Doctoral student of the department "Forestry, medicinal plants and ornamental horticulture".
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Liaqat, Saad, Aneesa Durrani, Fatma Sajjad, et al. "Sophora Flavescens in Dentistry: A Systematic Review." Pakistan BioMedical Journal, March 31, 2022, 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i3.338.
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Sophora flavescens is an evergreen shrubby plant that is widely distributed in Asia especially China. The roots of the plant have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating inflammation, burns and infections. Studies have proven medicinal properties of different types of alkaloids and flavonoids, which are extracted from the roots through various procedures. Recent research has shown positive effects of these extracts against many diseases like different kinds of tumors, allergies, diabetes, hepatitis, dental caries, various kinds of infections, owing to their anti-microbial and analgesic properties. In case of dental diseases like dental caries and periodontitis extracts such as sophora flavanone G and oxymatrine have shown positive indicators.
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Bhandari, Aakriti, Harminder Singh, Amber Srivastava, Puneet Kumar, G. S. Panwar, and A. A. Mao. "In vitro propagation and cytological analysis of Sophora mollis Royle: an endangered medicinal shrub." Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 19, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s43141-021-00140-3.
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Abstract Background Sophora mollis Royle (family Fabaceae, subfamily-Papilionaceae) is a multipurpose legume distributed in plains and foothills of the North-West Himalaya to Nepal and is facing high risk of extinction due to habitat loss and exploitation by the local people for its fuel and fodder values. Therefore, the present study was conducted to standardize a micropropagation protocol for Sophora mollis by using shoot tip explants and to study the meiotic chromosome count in the species. Results Multiple shoots were induced in shoot tip explants of Sophora mollis in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins alone (BAP, TDZ, and Kinetin) and in combination with varying concentrations of NAA. MS medium supplemented with BAP (8.9 μM) was observed to be the optimal medium for multiple shoot induction and maximum 25.32 shoots per explant was obtained with average length of 4.5 ± 0.8 cm. In vitro developed shoots were transferred onto rooting media supplemented with different concentrations of auxin (IAA, IBA, and NAA). Maximum 86% rooting was observed in half-strength MS medium supplemented with 21.20 μM NAA with an average of 21.26 roots per culture. In vitro raised plantlets were adapted to greenhouse for better acclimatization and 60% plants were successfully transferred to the open environment. Based on the chromosome counts available from the literature and the current study, the species tend to show a basic chromosome number of x = 9. Conclusion The micropropagation protocol standardized can be helpful for the ex situ mass multiplication and germplasm conservation of the endangered species. Moreover, the ex situ conservation approach will be helpful in actively bridging the gap between ex situ and in situ approaches through the reintroduction of species in the wild. The cytological studies revealed the basic chromosome number x = 9 of the species.
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Zhang, Qiaoming, Minggui Gong, Shanshan Xu, Yanan Wei, Jiangfeng Yuan, and Qingshan Chang. "Rhizophagus intraradices improves arsenic tolerance in Sophora viciifolia Hance." Annals of Microbiology 72, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13213-022-01668-6.
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Abstract Purpose Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are capable of protecting host plants against heavy metal toxicity, whereas rare knowledge has been acquired on the underlying effects of AMF on woody leguminous species under arsenic (As) stress. This study was aimed that whether AMF inoculation improves the As tolerance in Sophora viciifolia (a king of leguminous shrub). Methods S. viciifolia seedlings were inoculated with AMF Rhizophagus intraradices, and then the seedlings were grown at three levels (0, 50, and 100 mg As kg−1 soil) of As-polluted soil by performing the potted experiments. The plant growth, photosynthetic parameter, oxidative damage, antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression of phytochelatin synthase in R. intraradices- and non-inoculated S. davidii seedlings under the different levels of As stress were analyzed. Result Compared with non-inoculated S. viciifolia at the identical As level, R. intraradices-inoculated S. viciifolia were higher in the shoot and root dry weight, plant height, root length, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII photochemistry, actual quantum yield, and photochemical quenching values, while the intercellular CO2 concentration and non-photochemical quenching values were lower. As-induced oxidative stress generating malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide in the S. viciifolia leaves and roots reduced significantly by R. intraradices inoculation, whereas the activities of antioxidative enzymes (e.g., superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) in S. viciifolia leaves and roots were increased by R. intraradices inoculation. Notably, R. intraradices inoculation up-regulated the gene expression of S. viciifolia phytochelatins in the leaves and roots. Conclusion These results demonstrated that R. intraradices inoculation enhanced the As tolerance in S. viciifolia seedlings by improving the plant growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes and gene expression of S. viciifolia phytochelatins. The present study verified a multifarious positive role of AMF for woody leguminous species under As stress.
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Ղալաչյան, Լ. Մ., Խ. Ս. Մայրապետյան, Ա. Հ․ Թադևոսյան та ін. "Որոշ գեղազարդ ծառերի և թփերի տերևների գումարային բետա-ռադիոակտիվությունը հիդրոպոնիկայի և հողի պայմաններում Արարատյան դաշտում". Biological Journal of Armenia, 25 грудня 2023, 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54503/0366-5119-2023.75.2-3-173.
Full textAbstract:
Ուսումնասիրվել են մի շարք գեղազարդ ծառերի և թփերի (Հայաստան ներմուծված՝ կենսածառ արևելյան, սոֆորա ճապոնական, նոճի մշտադալար, կատալպա բիգնոնիանման, գիհի վիրգինյան, բալենի չինական, բուգենվիլիա, ձյունապտղիկ սպիտակ, սրնգենի կով-կասյան, յասաման հնդկական, մեղվաթուփ, չմենի հորիզոնական, աբորիգեն՝ կաղնի արևելյան, սոսի արևելյան, խուրմա կովկասյան) տերևների գումարային β- ռադիոակտիվության առանձնահատկությունները բացօթյա հիդրոպոնիկ և հողային մշակության պայմաններում Հիդրոպոնիկայի պրոբլեմների ինստիտուտի (ՀՊԻ) տարածքում (Հայկական ԱԷԿ-ի (ՀԱԷԿ) 30 կմ շառավղով գոտի): Որպես ռադիոնուկլիդների (ՌՆ) կուտակիչներ առանձնացել են կովկասյան խուրման, ճապոնական սոֆորան, արևելյան կենսածառը, չինական բալենին, սպիտակ ձյունապտղիկը, բուգենվիլիան, կովկասյան սրնգենին: Ուստի դրանք՝ որպես ռադիոէկոլոգիապես առավել նպաստավոր ծառաթփատեսակներ, առաջարկվում է կիրառել կանաչ գոտիների, անտառների ստեղծման համար: Դա կունենա կարևոր բնապահպանական նշանակություն, քանի որ կնվազեցնի ՌՆ-ի տեղաշարժը կենսոլորտում: Исследовались особенности суммарной β-радиоактивности листьев ряда декоративных деревьев и кустарников (интродуцированные в Армении: туя восточная, софора японская, кипарис вечнозеленый, катальпа бигнониевидная, можжевельник виргинский, вишня китайская, бугенвилия, снежноягодник белый, чубу́шник кавказский, сирень индийская, лабурнум, кизильник горизонтальный, аборигенные: дуб восточный, платан восточный, хурьма кавказская) в условиях открытой гидропоники и почвы в окрестностьях Института проблем гидропоники (ИПГ) (зона Армянской АЭС (ААЭС) радиусом 30 км). Хурма кавказская, софора японская, туя восточная, вишня китайская, снежноягодник белый, бугенвилия, чубу́шник кавказский выделялись как накопители радионуклидов (РН). Поэтому, рекомендуется использовать как радиоэкологически наиболее благоприятные древесные породы для создания зеленых поясов и лесов. Это будет иметь важное экологическое значение, так как уменьшит миграцию РН в биосфере. The specificities of the gross β-radioactivity of the leaves of some decorative trees and shrubs (introduced into Armenia oriental thuja, sophora japonica, mediterranian cypress, catalpa bignonioides, juniperus virginiana, chinese cherry, bugenvilia, snowberry, caucasian philadelphus, crape myrtle, golden chain, and horizontal cotoneaster, and native eastern oak, oriental plane, caucasian persimmon) were studied under outdoor hydroponic and soil cultivation conditions in the territory of the Institute of Hydroponics Problems (IHP) (a zone with a radius of 30 km from the Armenian NPP (ANPP)). Caucasian persimmon, sophora japonica, oriental thuja, chinese cherry, snowberry, bugenvilia, and caucasian philadelphus excelled as accumulators of radionuclides (RN). Hence, using them as radioecologically more beneficial tree-shrubs is suggested to create green zones and forests. This may be of great ecological importance since it will reduce the movement of RN in the biosphere.
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Saif, Ullah, Zaman Muhammad, Jiaqi Liu, Khan Yaseen, Ullah Shakir, and Gang Tian. "Quantifying the Estimation and Abundance of Plant Diversity of Shigar Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan." August 17, 2023. https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7471.20.11.522.
Full textAbstract:
The studies were carried out from July 2017 to March 2018 in Shigar valley different Union Councils. The area lies between 7444 feet to 11694 feet from Above sea level in the Alpine zone including, Niali Nallah, Laxar Nallah, Nallah, Markuja union, Marapi union, Chorkah union, Gulapur. The study sites were randomly selected based on (1) herbs or shrubs land on the field periphery, (2) open grassland and arable land associated with sparse vegetation on rocks, stones, (3) forest land and open lands associated with sparse tree vegetation catchment of river and (4) forest land and arable land associated with dunes and rocky terrain. The quadrate method was used to record of vegetation from the selected study sites. A total of 59 plants species both medicinally and economically important were recorded at four study sites of CKNP and revealed that 30 herbs followed by 14 trees, 11 kinds of grass, and 4 shrubs respectively the dominant tree species recorded from all habitat types were Juniper sexcelsa, Elaeagnus ambulate, Morus alba, Salix Wilhelmina and Populus nigra. The most common herbs recorded were Artimisa brevifolia, Tanacetum, Echinops echinatus, Capparis sponsia, Ephedra intermedia, Peganum harmala, Daucus carota, Medicago sativa, Typha lotifuliya and Astragalus rhizanthus. The dominant shrubs were Rosa webbina, Hippophae rhamnoides, Sophora Molis and Myricaria germanica. The grasses recorded in the study area were Poa Alpina, Setaria Viridis, Hetropogon contortus, Cynodon dactylon, Taraxacum oritinlis, Trifolium repens and Cascuta reflexa. These plants are also used by local communities for fuelwood and timber. This study will be beneficial for locals and governments for the protection and conservation of this indigenous flora as well as fauna in the future.