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Journal articles on the topic 'SI-engine'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 September 2023

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1

Teng, Fei. "A brief introduction to the typical fuels for SI engine and its future projections." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2419, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2419/1/012067.

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Abstract Spark Ignition (SI) engine has been widely used and developed in the engineering field due to its high performance and safety. At present, the SI engine has received extensive attention from many experts and scholars and has become a research hotspot and focus in the field of heat engines. This paper studies the development status of SI engines from multiple perspectives. The research status of performance and pollutant emissions of commercial SI engines were analyzed by literature search. The numerical simulation principle and application method of the current SI engine were studied, and the emissions of the traditional engine and the SI engine were compared. It was found that the SI engine has irreplaceable advantages in terms of performance and emissions. In addition, this paper also looks forward to the development of the SI engine, and proposes that the future development of the SI engine should focus on improving its performance; the use of clean fuel is also an important research content of the SI engine.

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2

Havran, R. L. "3500 SI Engine Application Flexibility." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 113, no. 3 (July 1, 1991): 340–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906235.

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The 3500 Spark-Ignited Engine is a 170 mm bore by 190 mm stroke family including 8, 12, and 16-cylinder models rated at 54 bkW per cylinder. Initial production included low-emission versions of the 12 and 16 cylinder engines in 1986. This paper describes basic combustion and attachment developments that have broadened the product offering for improved performance in more varied fuel and high-temperature cogeneration applications.

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3

Kuberczyk, Raffael, Hans-Jürgen Berner, and Michael Bargende. "Differences in Efficiency between SI Engine and Diesel Engine." MTZ worldwide 70, no. 1 (January 2009): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03227927.

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4

Wendeker, Mirosław. "Adaptive Fuelling of the SI Engine." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 6, no. 1 (March 31, 2004): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2004.1.19-25.

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5

Alhumairi, Mohammed. "Turbulent Premixed Combustion in SI Engine." DJES 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2018.11412.

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The turbulent lean premixed combustion simulation is implemented in 4- stroke spark ignition (SI) engine. The Turbulent Flame speed Closure model (TFC) is used in different turbulent flow conditions. The model is tested for a variety of flame configurations such as turbulent flame speed, the heat release from the combustion and turbulent kinetic energy in the radial direction of the cylinder at 15.5 mm below the top dead center TDC point. The simulation performs in the three cases of the (intake / exhaust) valve timing. The exhaust valve case is an essential leverage on the turbulent flame specification. The combustion period is very important factor in SI engine which is controlled especially by the turbulent flame speed. The turbulent flame speed and heat transfer is ascendant less than 10 % and 3% in case of intake and exhaust valves are closed respectively. Moreover, the results show that the brake power enhances less than 4% and more than 40% with increase fuel temperature 60 K and engine speed 3000 rpm respectively.

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6

Eriksson, Lars, Lars Nielsen, Jan Brugård, Johan Bergström, Fredrik Pettersson, and Per Andersson. "Modeling of a turbocharged SI engine." Annual Reviews in Control 26, no. 1 (January 2002): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1367-5788(02)80022-0.

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7

Knoll, Gunter, Frank Schlerege, Gerhard Matz, Sven Krause, Wolfgang Thiemann, Philipp Hollen, and Arnim Robota. "Oil Emissions of a SI Engine." MTZ worldwide 70, no. 2 (February 2009): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03227935.

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8

Nanlohy, Hendry Y., Helen Riupassa, Marthina Mini, Herman Tjolleng Taba, Basri Katjo, Nevada JM Nanulaitta, and Masaki Yamaguchi. "Performance and Emissions Analysis of BE85-Gasoline Blends on Spark Ignition Engine." Automotive Experiences 5, no. 1 (November 27, 2021): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/ae.6116.

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This study aims to reveal the performance and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition (SI) engine fueled by a gasoline-bioethanol mixture. The main performance characteristics of the SI engine tested are torque, power output; thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, and brake mean effective pressure. Meanwhile, the exhaust emissions seen are carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. The test is carried out by comparing the performance of the SI engine under standard conditions without modification with gasoline fuel, with the SI engine with modification with 85% bioethanol fuel. The mass flow of fuel is regulated by modifying the carburetor choke at 3/4 and 7/8. The results show that although slightly lower than gasoline, in general, it can be seen that bioethanol can improve SI engine performance and produce environmentally friendly exhaust emissions.

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9

Van Ga, Bui, and Tran Van Nam. "Appropriate structural parameters of biogas SI engine converted from diesel engine." IET Renewable Power Generation 9, no. 3 (April 2015): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2013.0329.

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10

Joseph, Antonio, and Gireeshkumaran Thampi. "Engine block vibrations: An indicator of knocking in the SI engine." FME Transactions 51, no. 3 (2023): 396–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/fme2303396k.

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The factors influencing the onset of knocking have a significant impact on how well a SI engine performs. Hence, the efficacy in determining the onset and controlling of knock is a key factor in improving the SI engine's performance. This paper provides insight into the role of engine block vibrations in determining the occurrence of knock using Empirical Mode Decomposition and Short-Time Fourier Transform. To comprehend the behaviour of vibration amid normal combustion and knocking conditions, the engine block vibration signals are analyzed and compared with the incylinder pressure fluctuations. The features of knock are extracted from the engine block vibration signals using Empirical Mode Decomposition. The first Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) thus obtained is used to generate the Hilbert spectrum for detecting the occurrence of knock. Similarly, ShortTime Fourier Transform is also performed on the first IMF to obtain the spectrogram. The findings demonstrate unequivocally that higher frequency variations are produced when knock occurs. These results also indicate that the combination of Empirical Mode Decomposition and Short-Time Fourier Transform can be used effectively for determining the occurrence of knock.

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11

CUPIAŁ, Karol, and Stanisław SZWAJA. "Producer gas combustion in the internal combustion engine." Combustion Engines 141, no. 2 (May 1, 2010): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117143.

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The investigation presented in the paper concerns producer gas combustion in both the spark ignited (SI) and the dual-fuel compression ignition (CI) engine with a diesel pilot of 15% with respect to its nominal dose, at compression ratio (CR) of 8, 12 (for the SI engine) and 17 (for the CI engine). The research tasks were mainly focused on combustion instabilities such as engine work cycles unrepeatability and combustion knock onset. The investigation included also combustion of such gases as methane, biogas and hydrogen, which were taken for making comparison between them and the producer gas. The conducted analysis shows that producer gas is resistant to generate knock even if it contains significant hydrogen content of 16%. However, high work cycles unrepeatability is observed when producer gas is combusted in the SI engine. Obtained results led to conclusion that producer gas can be burnt more efficiently in the dual-fuel CI engine than the SI one. Neither misfiring nor knocking have occurred during its combustion in that engine.

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12

WU, Dongmei, Masatoshi OGAWA, Harutoshi OGAI, and Jin KUSAKA. "Development of SI Engine Control Education System." SICE Journal of Control, Measurement, and System Integration 2, no. 2 (2009): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/jcmsi.2.94.

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13

Grab-Rogaliński, Karol, and Stanisław Szwaja. "HYDROGEN COMBUSTION IN THE SUPERCHARGED SI ENGINE." Journal of KONES. Powertrain and Transport 19, no. 3 (January 1, 2015): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12314005.1137959.

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14

Dhomne, Shailesh, and Ashish M. Mahalle. "Thermal barrier coating materials for SI engine." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 8, no. 1 (January 2019): 1532–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2018.08.002.

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15

Eriksson, Lars, Lars Nielsen, Jan Brugård, Johan Bergström, Fredrik Pettersson, and Per Andersson. "Modeling of a Turbo Charged SI Engine." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 34, no. 1 (March 2001): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)34425-7.

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16

Ceviz, Mehmet Akif, Alirıza Kaleli, and Erdoğan Güner. "Controlling LPG temperature for SI engine applications." Applied Thermal Engineering 82 (May 2015): 298–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.02.059.

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17

Done, B. G., and I. Copae. "Research of CFR SI Engine and Dacia single cylinder SI engine equipped with LASER and Classical Spark Plug." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 568 (September 17, 2019): 012111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/568/1/012111.

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18

Galloni, Enzo, Davide Lanni, Gustavo Fontana, Gabriele D’Antuono, and Simone Stabile. "Performance Estimation of a Downsized SI Engine Running with Hydrogen." Energies 15, no. 13 (June 28, 2022): 4744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15134744.

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Hydrogen is a carbon-free fuel that can be produced in many ways starting from different sources. Its use as a fuel in internal combustion engines could be a method of significantly reducing their environmental impact. In spark-ignition (SI) engines, lean hydrogen–air mixtures can be burnt. When a gaseous fuel like hydrogen is port-injected in an SI engine, working with lean mixtures, supercharging becomes very useful in order not to excessively penalize the engine performance. In this work, the performance of a turbocharged PFI spark-ignition engine fueled by hydrogen has been investigated by means of 1-D numerical simulations. The analysis focused on the engine behavior both at full and partial load considering low and medium engine speeds (1500 and 3000 rpm). Equivalence ratios higher than 0.35 have been considered in order to ensure acceptable cycle-to-cycle variations. The constraints that ensure the safety of engine components have also been respected. The results of the analysis provide a guideline able to set up the load control strategy of a SI hydrogen engine based on the variation of the air to fuel ratio, boost pressure, and throttle opening. Furthermore, performance and efficiency of the hydrogen engine have been compared to those of the base gasoline engine. At 1500 and 3000 rpm, except for very low loads, the hydrogen engine load can be regulated by properly combining the equivalence ratio and the boost pressure. At 3000 rpm, the gasoline engine maximum power is not reached but, for each engine load, lean burning allows the hydrogen engine achieving much higher efficiencies than those of the gasoline engine. At full load, the maximum power output decreases from 120 kW to about 97 kW, but the engine efficiency of the hydrogen engine is higher than that of the gasoline one for each full load operating point.

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19

Nishiwaki, Kazuie. "SI2-2: A Hybrid Fractal Flame Model for SI Engine Combustion Comprising Turbulent Dissipation and Laminar Flamelets(SI: Spark-Ignition Engine Combustion,General Session Papers)." Proceedings of the International symposium on diagnostics and modeling of combustion in internal combustion engines 2008.7 (2008): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmsesdm.2008.7.245.

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20

Dat, Ly Vinh, and Yaojung Shiao. "PROPOSING A VALVE TRAIN SYSTEM FOR CYLINDER DEACTIVATION IN SI ENGINES." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 41, no. 4 (November 2017): 543–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2017-1038.

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Cylinder deactivation method can provide many advantages in improving emissions and fuel consumption at various load ranges in spark ignition (SI) engines. The study proposes a design valve train that can control the deactivation of cylinder in an inline SI engine with four cylinders. The proposed design, which is an improvement on the conventional valve train in the engine, can deactivate one- or two-cylinder mode depending on part or medium load in a vehicle. The results show that cylinder deactivation can reduce about 13–15% of fuel consumption compared with the conventional engine. The concentration of CO reduces by 15%, whereas HC decreases to about 8% when SI engine operates with different cylinder deactivation modes.

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21

Sheng, Jing, Rui Liu, and Guoman Liu. "Weak Knock Characteristic Extraction of a Two-Stroke Spark Ignition UAV Engine Burning RP-3 Kerosene Fuel Based on Intrinsic Modal Functions Energy Method." Sensors 20, no. 4 (February 19, 2020): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20041148.

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To solve the problem of the weak knock characteristic extraction for a port-injected two-stoke spark ignition (SI) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) engine burning aviation kerosene fuel, which is also known as the Rocket Propellant 3 (RP-3), the Intrinsic modal Functions Energy (IMFE) method is proposed according to the orthogonality of the intrinsic modal functions (IMFs). In this method, engine block vibration signals of the two-stroke SI UAV engine are decomposed into a finite number of intrinsic modal function (IMF) components. Then, the energy weight value of each IMF component is calculated, and the IMF component with the largest energy weight value is selected as the dominant characteristic component. The knock characteristic frequency of the two-stroke SI UAV engine is obtained by analyzing the frequency spectrum of the dominant characteristic component. A simulation experiment is designed and the feasibility of the algorithm is verified. The engine block vibration signals of the two-stroke SI UAV engine at 5100 rpm and 5200 rpm were extracted by this method. The results showed that the knock characteristic frequencies of engine block vibration signals at 5100 rpm and 5200 rpm were 3.320 kHz and 3.125 kHz, respectively. The Wavelet Packet Energy method was used to extract the characteristics of the same engine block vibration signal at 5200 rpm, and the same result as the IMFE method is obtained, which verifies the effectiveness of the IMFE method.

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22

ELGHAWI, Usama, Ahmed MAYOUF, and Athanasios TSOLAKIS. "Hydrocarbon species in SI and HCCI engine using winter grade commercial gasoline." Combustion Engines 180, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2020-103.

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The study provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the C5-C11 hydrocarbon species generated in Spark Ignition – Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (SI/HCCI) gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine at range of operating conditions. The presented results and data were obtained from the combustion of winter grade commercial gasoline containing 2% w/w ethanol (C2H5OH) for the engine operated in steady-state, fully warmed-up condition. The hydrocarbon analysis in exhaust gases was executed on a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) apparatus directly connected to the engine exhaust via heated line. The highest concentration of the total hydrocarbon emissions was obtained under low load HCCI engine operation at stoichiometric fuel-air ratio. The major hydrocarbon compounds detected in the collected samples were benzene, toluene, p-xylene, and naphthalene. Benzene originates from the incomplete combustion of toluene and other alkylbenzenes which are of considerable environmental interest. During the SI engine operation, increase of the engine speed and load resulted in the increase of benzene and the total olefinic species with simultaneous decrease in isopentane and isooctane. The same trends are seen with the engine operating under HCCI mode, but since the combustion temperature is always lower than SI mode under the same engine conditions, the oxidation of fuel paraffin in the former case was less. As a result, the total olefins and benzene levels in HCCI mode were lower than the corresponding amount observed in SI mode. Aromatic compounds (e.g., toluene), except for benzene, were produced at lower levels in the exhaust when the engine speed and load for both modes were increased.

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23

Doric, Jovan, and Ivan Klinar. "Efficiency characteristics of a new quasi-constant volume combustion spark ignition engine." Thermal Science 17, no. 1 (2013): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120530158d.

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A zero dimensional model has been used to investigate the combustion performance of a four cylinder petrol engine with unconventional piston motion. The main feature of this new spark ignition (SI) engine concept is the realization of quasi-constant volume (QCV) during combustion process. Presented mechanism is designed to obtain a specific motion law which provides better fuel consumption of internal combustion (IC) engines. These advantages over standard engine are achieved through synthesis of unconventional piston mechanism. The numerical calculation was performed for several cases of different piston mechanism parameters, compression ratio and engine speed. Calculated efficiency and power diagrams are plotted and compared with performance of ordinary SI engine. The results show that combustion during quasi-constant volume has significant impact on improvement of efficiency. The main aim of this paper is to find a proper kinematics parameter of unconventional piston mechanism for most efficient heat addition in SI engines.

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24

Setyono, Gatot, and Navik Kholili. "Combustion Conduct Of A Single-Cylinder Spark-Ignition Affected By Ethanol Fuel Mixtures of Supplement Hydroxy Gas (HHO)." Jurnal Teknik Mesin 14, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jtm.14.2.669.

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Ethanol is an alternative fuel to replace fossil fuels. Ethanol's high octane value can substitute for power in spark-ignition engines (SI). Gasoline mixed with ethanol will reduce the calorific value generated and intensify the combustion process in the combustion chamber. Through the engine performance test, we can find out the increase in the performance of the SI engine. Several essential variables can improve engine performance, such as gasoline-ethanol variations, iridium spark plugs, and hydroxy gas generators (HHO). This research uses an experimental method by utilizing gasoline (octane-92)-ethanol variations (35%, 45%, and 55% v/v) with the intake of hydroxy gas during the combustion process. The SI automatic transmission engine has a capacity of 124.8 cubic centimeters (one cylinder-four stroke), a compression ratio of 11/1, fuel injection, and iridium spark plugs. Engine performance test using chassis dyno test with engine speed variations of 4000-9000 rpm. This study resulted in optimal performance on a 55% increase in gasoline-ethanol mixture with an intensify in output-power, pressure, and thermal efficiency at an engine-speed of 8000 rpm. It is contrary to the specific fuel consumption has decreased.

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25

Adebayo, A., and Omojola Awogbemi. "Effects of Fuel Additives on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 2, no. 3 (March 23, 2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2017.2.3.289.

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This research investigated the effects of addition of ethanol to gasoline with the aim of improving the performance and emission characteristics of Spark Ignition (SI) engine. Four samples of gasoline-ethanol blend were prepared, namely 100% ethanol, 100% gasoline, 95% gasoline + 5% ethanol and 90% gasoline+10% ethanol, and were labeled sample A, B, C and D respectively. Physicochemical analysis was carried out on the four samples while sample B, C, and D were used to run a single cylinder, two stroke, air cooled SI engine to determine the performance characteristics of the engine at four engine speeds of 800rpm, 1000rpm, 1200rpm, and 1400rpm. An exhaust gas analyzer was used to analyze the exhaust emission to determine its constituents at no load. The research concluded that blending gasoline with ethanol not only improved the performance of the engine, it also yielded a friendlier emission. It also solves the problem of sole dependence on petroleum products to run SI engines with its attendant cost and environmental implications.

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26

Adebayo, A., and Omojola Awogbemi. "Effects of Fuel Additives on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Spark Ignition Engine." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 2, no. 3 (March 23, 2017): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2017.2.3.289.

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This research investigated the effects of addition of ethanol to gasoline with the aim of improving the performance and emission characteristics of Spark Ignition (SI) engine. Four samples of gasoline-ethanol blend were prepared, namely 100% ethanol, 100% gasoline, 95% gasoline + 5% ethanol and 90% gasoline+10% ethanol, and were labeled sample A, B, C and D respectively. Physicochemical analysis was carried out on the four samples while sample B, C, and D were used to run a single cylinder, two stroke, air cooled SI engine to determine the performance characteristics of the engine at four engine speeds of 800rpm, 1000rpm, 1200rpm, and 1400rpm. An exhaust gas analyzer was used to analyze the exhaust emission to determine its constituents at no load. The research concluded that blending gasoline with ethanol not only improved the performance of the engine, it also yielded a friendlier emission. It also solves the problem of sole dependence on petroleum products to run SI engines with its attendant cost and environmental implications.

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27

Ali, Nahedh Mahmood. "Comparative Study of Performance and Emission Characteristics between Spark Ignition Engine and Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine (HCCI)." Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal 12, no. 4 (December 18, 2017): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22153/kej.2016.06.003.

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Many researchers consider Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine mode as a promising alternative to combustion in Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition Engines. The HCCI engine runs on lean mixtures of fuel and air, and the combustion is produced from the fuel autoignition instead of ignited by a spark. This combustion mode was investigated in this paper. A variable compression ratio, spark ignition engine type TD110 was used in the experiments. The tested fuel was Iraqi conventional gasoline (ON=82). The results showed that HCCI engine can run in very lean equivalence ratios. The brake specific fuel consumption was reduced about 28% compared with a spark ignition engine. The experimental tests showed that the emissions concentrations were reduced by 91.27% for NOx, 85.99% for CO, 78.91% for CO2, and 83.56% for unburned hydrocarbons compared to the SI engine. HCCI engine produced little noise with about 26.68% less than SI engine.

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28

Basha, Sk Salman. "Experimental Investigation of Crude Palm Oil as Engine Oil In 4s Si Engine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology V, no. XI (November 20, 2017): 843–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2017.11132.

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29

Kim, Seungmin, Jaesam Sim, Youngsoo Cho, Back-Sub Sung, and Jungsoo Park. "Numerical Study on the Performance and NOx Emission Characteristics of an 800cc MPI Turbocharged SI Engine." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 8, 2021): 7419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217419.

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The main purpose of this study is to optimize engine performance and emission characteristics of off-road engines with retarded spark timing compared to MBT by repurposing the existing passenger engine. This study uses a one-dimensional (1D)-simulation to develop a non-road gasoline MPI turbo engine. The SI turbulent flame model of the GT-suite, an operational performance predictable program, presents turbocharger matching and optimal operation design points. To optimize the engine performance, the SI turbulent model uses three operation parameters: spark timing, intake valve overlap, and boost pressure. Spark timing determines the initial state of combustion and thermal efficiency, and is the main variable of the engine. The maximum brake torque (MBT) point can be identified for spark timing, and abnormal combustion phenomena, such as knocking, can be identified. Spark timing is related to engine performance, and emissions of exhaust pollutants are predictable. If the spark timing is set to variables, the engine performance and emissions can be confirmed and predicted. The intake valve overlap can predict the performance and exhaust gas by controlling the airflow and combustion chamber flow, and can control the performance of the engine by controlling the flow in the cylinder. In addition, a criterion can be set to consider the optimum operating point of the non-road vehicle while investigating the performance and exhaust gas emissions accompanying changes in boost pressure With these parameters, the design of experiment (DoE) of the 1D-simulation is performed, and the driving performance and knocking phenomenon for each RPM are predicted during the wide open throttle (WOT) of the gasoline MPI Turbo SI engine. The multi-objective Pareto technique is also used to optimize engine performance and exhaust gas emissions, and to present optimized design points for the target engine, the downsized gasoline MPI Turbo SI engine. The results of the Pareto optimal solution showed a maximum torque increase of 12.78% and a NOx decrease of 54.31%.

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Park, Bum Youl, Youngkun Kim, and Kihyung Lee. "Optimization Studies of AC4CH Material in the Cylinder Block of a Diesel Engine Application." Processes 9, no. 1 (December 30, 2020): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9010070.

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The reduction of the weight of the engine of a vessel or an automobile can result in improved engine efficiency and lower CO2 emissions. Therefore, this study was conducted to improve the mechanical properties of the AC4CH alloy, an alternative to cast iron for engine fabrication, through the addition of Si and Mg to aluminum. The mechanical properties of the alloy were improved through refinement of the Si structure, grain refinement, and heat treatment. In addition, the applicability of a cylinder block fabricated with the modified AC4CH alloy to a diesel engine was validated through a 300 h durability test.

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31

Alshmri, F. "Lightweight Material: Aluminium High Silicon Alloys in the Automotive Industry." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 1271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.1271.

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Al-high Si alloys are well known for their use as lightweight components in engineering applications, particularly within the automotive industries, due to their high wear resistance and low thermal expansion. It is desirable to increase the hot strength of these alloys by increasing the Si content. In this work, I have concentrated on the use of Al-high Si alloys for land vehicles. The automobile, engine components, the piston engine, four-stroke cycle and Al-high Si alloys in automotive applications will be discussed in this paper.

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32

Chiba, Fumito, Hiroki Ichinose, Koji Morita, Mamoru Yoshioka, Yasushi Noguchi, and Takahiro Tsukagoshi. "High Concentration Ethanol Effect on SI Engine Emission." SAE International Journal of Engines 3, no. 1 (April 12, 2010): 1033–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2010-01-1268.

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33

LARISCH, Jerzy, and Zdzisław STELMASIAK. "Dual fuelling SI engine with alcohol and gasoline." Combustion Engines 145, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117104.

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The Department of Internal Combustion Engines and Vehicles, Technical University of Bielsko-Biala has carried out work on alternative fuels in the area of dual-fueling of SI engines. The paper presents the concept of dual fuel (alcohol and gasoline) MPI injected spark-ignition engine using a fuel mixing device. The solution consists in mixing the fuel (gasoline and alcohol) before or in the fuel rail, which ensures a variable share of alcohol in the mixture in the range from 0÷100%, depending on the engine operating conditions (engine revolutions and load), and its thermal state. The fuels are delivered to the mixing chamber through the solenoid valves that allow a proper selection of the proportion of alcohol and gasoline. The pre-prepared mixture is injected through the original injectors to the intake manifold, around the intake valve. This paper presents the prototype of the mixer that allows mixing of the gasoline and alcohol in any proportion using a PWM.

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34

Henriot, S., A. Chaouche, E. Cheve, and J. M. Duclos. "Cfd Aided Development of a Si-Di Engine." Oil & Gas Science and Technology 54, no. 2 (March 1999): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst:1999026.

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35

Noga, Marcin, and Bronisław Sendyka. "NEW DESIGN OF THE FIVE-STROKE SI ENGINE." Journal of KONES. Powertrain and Transport 20, no. 1 (January 25, 2013): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12314005.1136161.

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36

Vijay Venkatesh, Sai, and R. Udayakumar. "Performance and emissions of SI engine with additives." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1276 (August 2019): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1276/1/012069.

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37

FU, Jingshun, and Nobuo KURIHARA. "Knock Detection for SI Engine Using Wavelet Transform." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 69, no. 688 (2003): 3215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.69.3215.

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38

Kumar, Amit, D. G. Rajakumar, G. K. Mownesh, and Basavarajappa. "CFD Simulation of Producer Gas Fuelled SI Engine." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 925 (October 14, 2020): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/925/1/012058.

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39

FURUMAYA, Hideyuki, Jingshun FU, and Nobuo KURIHARA. "Knock Detection for SI engine Using Wavelet Transform." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2003.3 (2003): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2003.3.0_81.

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FURUMAYA, Hideyuki, Junichi SUZUKI, Jingshun FU, and Nobuo KURIHARA. "Combustion Diagnosis of SI engine Using Wavelet Transform." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2004.5 (2004): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2004.5.0_257.

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41

Vesterholm, T., and E. Hendricks. "SI Engine Observers Realized Using Optimized Integration Algorithms." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 26, no. 2 (July 1993): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)48674-5.

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42

Andersson, Per, and Lars Eriksson. "Mean-Value Observer for a Turbocharged SI-Engine." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 37, no. 22 (April 2004): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)30333-6.

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43

Larsson, Stefan, and Bo Egardt. "SI-Engine Spark Advance Control Using Torque Sensors." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 37, no. 22 (April 2004): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)30336-1.

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44

Holzmann, H., Ch Halfmann, and R. Isermann. "Neuro-Fuzzy Modeling of Automotive SI-Engine Characteristics." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 31, no. 1 (February 1998): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)42192-6.

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Hendricks, Elbert. "Isothermal vs. Adiabatic Mean Value SI Engine Models." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 34, no. 1 (March 2001): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)34424-5.

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46

Qi, Y. L., L. C. Dong, H. Liu, P. V. Puzinauskas, and K. C. Midkiff. "Optimization of intake port design for SI engine." International Journal of Automotive Technology 13, no. 6 (October 2012): 861–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12239-012-0087-3.

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47

Ma, Fanhua, Yituan He, Jiao Deng, Long Jiang, Nashay Naeve, Mingyue Wang, and Renzhe Chen. "Idle characteristics of a hydrogen fueled SI engine." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 36, no. 7 (April 2011): 4454–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.12.121.

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48

Al-Farayedhi, A. A., A. M. Al-Dawood, and P. Gandhidasan. "Experimental Investigation of SI Engine Performance Using Oxygenated Fuel." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 126, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 178–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1615254.

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Abstract:

The current experimental study aims to examine the effects of using oxygenates as a replacement of lead additives in gasoline on performance of a typical SI engine. The tested oxygenates are MTBE, methanol, and ethanol. These oxygenates were blended with a base unleaded fuel in three ratios (10, 15, and 20 vol.%). The engine maximum output and thermal efficiency were evaluated at a variety of engine operating conditions using an engine dynamometer setup. The results of the oxygenated blends were compared to those of the base fuel and of a leaded fuel prepared by adding TEL to the base. When compared to the base and leaded fuels, the oxygenated blends improved the engine brake thermal efficiency. The leaded fuel performed better than the oxygenated blends in terms of the maximum output of the engine except in the case of 20 vol.% methanol and 15 vol.% ethanol blends. Overall, the methanol blends performed better than the other oxygenated blends in terms of engine output and thermal efficiency.

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Leonhard, Rolf, and Roland Herynek. "Die Zukunft des Ottomotors – der Ottomotor der Zukunft (The Future of the SI Engine – the SI Engine of the Future)." at - Automatisierungstechnik 51, no. 8-2003 (August 2003): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/auto.51.8.343.20905.

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Ghazal, Osama H. "Simulation Of Natural Gas Combustion Process Using Pressure Based Solver." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 12 (April 28, 2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n12p81.

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Abstract:

The aim of this research is to simulate the combustion process for methane using different heat transfer models combined with various fuel injection techniques to better understand the combustion process and heat transfer process inside IC engine which reflect on the engine efficiency. The simulation has been carried out using Lotus Engineering software. This model solves the nonlinear momentum and continuity equations to satisfy the conservation of mass and the conservation of momentum laws. In this analysis a single cylinder four stroke SI engine has been simulated. The fuel used in the simulation is methane. Two fuel systems have been investigated port injection and direct injection. The Wiebe heat release curve has been used. Two widely used for SI engines heat transfer models presented in the simulation, Annand and Woschni. The intension in this paper is to study the effect of various fuel systems and heat transfer models on engine efficiency for different engine speeds. Moreover, the evaluation of the heat transfer models for natural gas SI engine will be tested. Brake power, mean effective pressure, specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, and heat transfer rate were calculated and discussed to show the effect of varying heat transfer models and fuel systems on engine efficiency.

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