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Journal articles on the topic 'Sībawayh'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Druel, Jean. "Why is It Difficult to Date When qalqala Became Unintelligible to Qurʾānic Reciters and Grammarians?" Arabica 62, no. 1 (March 4, 2015): 19–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700585-12341334.

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Sībawayh describes /q/, /ṭ/, /b/, /ǧ/ and /d/ as [+ voiced + stop] phonemes. In pausal position, these phonemes are subject to qalqala, which can be described as the addition of a schwa [ə], and whose role is the proctection of the [+ voiced] feature of these phonemes. In standard Classical Arabic, the pronunciation of these phonemes has evolved (/q/ and /ṭ/ are now realised as [- voiced], and /ǧ/ as [+ affricate]). The consistency of qalqala as described by Sībawayh is thus lost, since the Qurʾānic recitation (taǧwīd) rule for qalqala does not fit the current standard pronunciation. In this study, we trace back a shift in the mere definition of qalqala as early as in al-Mubarrad’s Muqtaḍab that will enable Qurʾānic reciters to later remain blind to the fact that their actual pronunciation of some of these phonemes does not correspond to Sībawayh’s written description.

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2

Ghersetti, Antonella. "Systematizing the Description of Arabic: The Case of Ibn al-Sarrāj." Asiatische Studien - Études Asiatiques 71, no. 3 (December 20, 2017): 879–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asia-2017-0020.

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Abstract This paper will focus on the Arabic grammatical tradition and, in particular, on the new arrangement, in the 4th/10th c., of grammatical matters already elaborated in the first centuries of Islam. With this aim in mind we will take into consideration two representative grammatical treatises of the 8th c. and the 10th c.: Sībawayh’s Kitāb and Ibn al-Sarrāj’s al-Uṣūl fī l-naḥw, which both represent watershed moments in the history of the Arabic grammatical tradition. Abū Bakr ibn al-Sarrāj’s philosophical training is obvious in the way he approaches the subject through the precise description of single items and in the laboured logic of the subdivision of his treatises. He follows the principle of “comprehensive subdivisions” (taqāsīm) borrowed from the logic he had studied under the direction of al-Fārābī. Ibn al-Sarrāj’s method of organizing and introducing linguistic matters will be contrasted with the approach of the father of Arabic grammar, Sībawayh, who wrote – two centuries earlier – the most comprehensive description of Arabic.

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3

Tillier, Mathieu. "Un « Alceste musulman » : Sībawayh le fou et les Iḫšīdides." Bulletin d’études orientales, no. 66 (April 1, 2018): 117–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/beo.5575.

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4

Druel. "The Kitāb Sībawayh of ʾAbū al-Ḥasan ʾAḥmad b. Naṣr: A non-Sīrāfian recension of the Kitāb." Zeitschrift für Arabische Linguistik, no. 71 (2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.13173/zeitarabling.71.0029.

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5

Shah, Mustafa. "Solomon I. SaraS.J.: Sībawayh on ʔimālah (Inclination): Text, Translation, Notes and Analysis. viii, 192 pp. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007. £80. ISBN 978 0 7486 2795 0." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 74, no. 2 (June 2011): 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x11000127.

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6

Rashed, Roshdi. "Linguistique arabe." Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 23, no. 1 (March 2013): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957423912000124.

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La linguistique arabe est sans aucun doute la première science conçue et cultivée en arabe pour répondre à certains besoins scientifiques et idéologiques de la nouvelle société islamique. Les premiers travaux en ce domaine datent du VIIIe siècle, et leurs auteurs, les premiers linguistes, sont précisément contemporains de l'arabisation des institutions, de l'administration, de la monnaie etc., sous le Khalife Omeyade ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān. Ces premiers travaux étaient intimement liés à l'exégèse coranique, à l'orthoépie coranique, à la jurisprudence islamique, c'est-à-dire aux disciplines associées à l'organisation de la nouvelle société et à sa culture. C'est à cette époque qu'Abū al-Aswad al-Duʾalī (mort en 688–9) inventa des signes graphiques permettant de distinguer les différentes fonctions grammaticales des éléments linguistiques. C'est à la même époque que l'on a engagé la codification massive et systématique des données de l'arabe, comme en témoignent, à peine plus tard, les travaux d'ʿAbdallāh ibn Isḥāq (m. 735), d'Abū ʿAmr ibn al-ʿAlāʾ (m. 770) et de bien d'autres. Ils ont également initié l'étude de la grammaire au sens large, puisque celle du système phonétique y est incluse. Tous ces travaux ont tracé la voie de plusieurs disciplines: phonologie, phonétique, métrique, lexicographie, et favorisé la naissance des grandes théories du langage. Et, de fait, au cours de la seconde moitié du VIIIe siècle, al-Khalīl ibn Aḥmad (m. 786–7) a fondé plusieurs de ces disciplines. Sa connaissance des mathématiques et son recours aux procédés combinatoires l'ont aidé non seulement à inventer des disciplines telles que la métrique et la lexicographie, mais aussi à formuler les catégories grammaticales. Son élève, l'éminent linguiste Sībawayh, a ensuite codifié la plupart des analyses et des explications d'al-Khalīl, et les a enrichies en maintes occasions. Cette période héroïque de la linguistique arabe s'est prolongée grâce à de grands successeurs qui vont fonder des écoles linguistiques à Bassorah, Kufa, Bagdad, etc. D'autres écoles ont également vu le jour à Fuṣṭāṭ et ailleurs, et la recherche linguistique va ainsi se poursuivre jusqu'à la fin du XIe siècle, au moins.

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7

Humbert, Geneviève. "Le Kitāb De Sībawayhi et l'Autonomie de l'Écrit." Arabica 44, no. 4 (1997): 553–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570058972582272.

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8

Heselwood, Barry, Janet C. E. Watson, and Reem Maghrabi. "The Ancient Greek ψιλά – δασέα Distinction as a Possible Source for the maǧhūr – mahmūs Distinction in Sībawayhi’s Kitāb." Historiographia Linguistica 41, no. 2-3 (October 30, 2014): 193–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.41.2-3.01hes.

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Summary This paper explores conceptual and descriptive parallels between the Ancient Greek ψιλά–δασέα distinction as found in the Peripatetic text De Audibilibus, and the gˇahr–hams distinction in the medieval Arabic writings of Al-Ḫalīl (d. c.786 A.D.) and Sībawayhi (d. c.796 A.D.). In both cases there is a focus on the absence versus presence of audible breath, and a belief that audible breath is a cause of lack of clarity in speech. There is no historical evidence that the De Audibilibus was available to the Arab grammarians either directly or through Syriac sources, but the striking similarities suggest that ideas expressed in it did make their way into Arabic phonetic thinking. The fact that Sībawayhi applied the distinction to all the sounds of Arabic, and did not introduce a third term equivalent to the later Greek μέσα category found in the Technē Grammatikē (2nd cent. B.C.) and in Jacob of Edessa’s (c.640–708 A.D.) Syriac grammar based on it, suggests that it was the μέσαdistinction in its original form which influenced his division of Arabic sounds into the magˇhūr and mahmūs classes.

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9

Ferrando, Ignacio. "Sībawayhi y el concepto de jam'u l-qilla." Al-Qanṭara 22, no. 2 (December 30, 2001): 271–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/alqantara.2001.v22.i2.211.

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10

Humbert, Geneviève. "Un manuscrit du Kitāb de Sībawayhi et ses descendants." Anatolia moderna - Yeni anadolu 1, no. 1 (1991): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/anatm.1991.860.

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11

Levin, Aryeh. "Sībawayhi on 'imāla (Inclination): Text, translation, notes and analysis." Historiographia Linguistica 37, no. 1 (May 1, 2010): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.37.1/2.10lev.

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12

Sartori, Manuel. "Entre influence et coïncidence: La réminiscence du grec dans l’arabe." Historiographia Linguistica 46, no. 3 (December 31, 2019): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.00049.sar.

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Résumé Deux points de vue s’opposent concernant les débuts de la grammaire arabe: la grammaire arabe serait apparue comme une discipline autonome ou aurait été en partie influencée par des modèles grecs (peut-être par le biais de traductions syriaques). En lien avec ce débat, il semble particulièrement instructif d’étudier la catégorie de ʿaṭf bayān. Selon Rafael Talmon, il s’agit d’une ‘invention’ de Sībawayhi (m.180/796?) basée sur la distinction entre ṣifa (‘adjectif’) et un modificateur qui n’est pas un adjectif mais assure une fonction adjectivale (ʿaṭf bayān). L’article tente de montrer qu’un contraste similaire peut être trouvé dans des sources grecques (et latines) antérieures sous la forme d’une distinction entre epitheton et epexegesis. En prenant en compte la connaissance hellénistique chez les Arabes avant et à l’époque de Sībawayhi, il est alors possible de soutenir que l’auteur du Kitāb, faute de terminologie appropriée, a emprunté, directement ou non, la distinction aux sources grecques. Cependant, s’il ne s’agit évidemment pas d’une pure coïncidence, l’emprunt qui a donné naissance à la catégorie de ʿaṭf al-bayān ne doit pas être interprété comme une simple influence. Il serait peut-être préférable de le concevoir en termes de réminiscence: la mémoire, par voie diffuse, des connaissances grecques dans la nouvelle érudition grammaticale arabe.

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13

Guillaume, Jean-Patrick. "Un critique andalou d’al-Fārisī : la Risālat al-ʾIfṣāḥ d’Ibn al-Ṭarāwa." Histoire Epistémologie Langage 40, no. 2 (2018): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/hel/2018016.

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La Risālat al-ʾIfṣāḥ du grammairien andalou Ibn al-Ṭarāwa (m. 526/1132 ou 528/1134) est une critique d’un abrégé de grammaire alors très répandu au Proche-Orient, le Kitāb al-ʾĪḍāḥ d’al-Fārisī (m. 377/987). D’un ton violemment polémique, elle se caractérise principalement par une fidélité hautement affichée à la lettre du Kitāb de Sībawayhi (m. 180/796 ?), le texte fondateur de la discipline, mais aussi par des opinions souvent originales, en rupture avec la doctrine canonique telle qu’elle est conçue à l’époque.

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14

Guillaume, Jean-Patrick. "Un homme nommé ’Af‛al : Sībawayhi et les incertitudes du métalangage." Histoire Épistémologie Langage 31, no. 1 (2009): 171–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/hel.2009.3112.

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15

Larcher, Pierre. "Book review: Kitāb Sībawayhi. Syntax and Pragmatics, written by Amal E. Marogy." Arabica 62, no. 1 (March 4, 2015): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700585-12341314.

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16

Levin, Aryeh. "Sībawayhi on ’imāla (Inclination): Text, translation, notes and analysis. By Solomon I. Sara." Historiographia Linguistica 37, no. 1-2 (May 21, 2010): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.37.1-2.10lev.

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17

Ferrando, Ignacio. "La alomorfía en el plural fracto árabe. Del Kitāb de Sībawayhi al árabe moderno. El caso del esquema singular faʿal." Al-Qanṭara 39, no. 2 (May 21, 2019): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/alqantara.2018.017.

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Ofrecemos en este trabajo un estudio de contraste entre la descripción que hace Sībawayhi, el más reconocido de los gramáticos árabes, de los esquemas de plural fracto de uno de los esquemas de singular, faʿal (a modo de ejemplo) y los datos extraídos de algunas obras lexicográficas árabes y del corpus de textos árabes reunidos en algunas bases de datos disponibles. Una vez analizado el método del gramático de Basora en la recogida y sistematización de datos, el objetivo es comprobar si la información que proporciona coincide con la aportada por los diccionarios y textos árabes. Estudiamos de forma particular el tratamiento de los casos de alomorfía, esto es, el uso de varios plurales para un mismo singular, tratando de dilucidar si se trata de una alomorfía libre o motivada.

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18

Marmorstein, Michal. "Review of Marogy (2012): The Foundations of Arabic Linguistics: Sībawayhi and Early Arabic Grammatical Theory." Studies in Language 37, no. 2 (June 7, 2013): 445–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.37.2.08mar.

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19

D’Anna, Luca. "Language Practice and Language Description among Arabic Grammarians from Sībawayhi to al-Šidyāq: the Case of Agreement." Quaderni di Studi Arabi 15, no. 1-2 (December 22, 2020): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667016x-15010204.

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Abstract Agreement in Arabic has received, in the last few decades, considerable interest, resulting in a satisfactory illustration of the system obtaining in pre-Classical varieties of the language, Classical / Modern Standard Arabic and the spoken dialects. On the other hand, the descriptions of agreement in traditional Arabic grammars have not yet been the object of detailed analysis. The present paper represents a first step in that direction, analyzing agreement in two grammarians situated at the chronological extremes of traditional Arabic grammar, i.e. Sībawayhi (d. 180/796) and al-Šidyāq (1805-1887). The approach adopted in this paper is twofold. The grammatical treatises in which the descriptions of agreement are provided, in fact, are considered as both a source of metalinguistic reflection and as a written text from which samples of agreement are collected, in order to gauge the consistency between language description and language usage at the dawn and sunset of traditional Arabic grammar.

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20

Saleh, Walid A., and Shuaib Ally. "A Lacuna in the New Imām University Edition of al-Basīṭ: A Critical Edition of Q 4:41-53 and a Review." Journal of Abbasid Studies 6, no. 1 (May 16, 2019): 1–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142371-12340045.

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Abstract One of the masterpieces of the medieval Qurʾān commentary tradition is al-Basīṭ by the Nishapuri philologist and Qurʾān scholar, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. Muḥammad al-Wāḥidī (d. 468/1076). It was the first Qurʾān commentary to start quoting Sībawayhi (d. ca. 180/796) extensively; it was also the first to position al-Zajjāj (d. 311/923) as a central authority in Qurʾān exegesis (tafsīr), a process already started by al-Wāḥidī’s teacher al-Thaʿlabī (d. 427/1035). Al-Basīṭ is a massive Qurʾān commentary, by any standard. The critical Imām University Edition of 2009 spans twenty-five volumes. It is rather unfortunate that this edition has left the task of studying the manuscript transmission of the work out of the picture. As a result, there is a lacuna in the edition covering verses Q 4:41-53, a substantial portion. In this article, an overview of the transmission history of the work is presented, followed by a critical edition of the missing part.

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21

Larcher, Pierre. "Book review: The Foundations of Arabic Linguistics : Sībawayhi and Early Arabic Grammatical Theory, written by Amal Elesha Marogy." Arabica 62, no. 2-3 (May 12, 2015): 411–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700585-12341351.

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22

Larcher, Pierre. "The Foundations of Arabic Linguistics II. Kitāb Sībawayhi : Interpretation and Tranmission, edited by Amal Alesha Marogy et Kees Versteegh." Arabica 65, no. 1-2 (February 27, 2018): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700585-12341487.

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23

Boullata, Issa J. "New Scholarship on Sībawayhi’s al-Kitāb - Ramzi Baalbaki. The Legacy of the Kitāb: Sībawayhi’s Analytical Methods within the Context of the Arabic Grammatical Theory. Leiden: Brill, 2008. 335 pages, footnotes, bibliography, indices. Cloth US$199 ISBN 978-90-04-16813-8. - Solomon I. Sara, S.J. Sībawayh on ?imālah (Inclination): Text, Translation, Notes and Analysis. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007. 192 pages, footnotes, appendices, index. Cloth US$150 ISBN 978-0-7486-2795-0." Review of Middle East Studies 43, no. 1 (2009): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2151348100000112.

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24

Milah, Aang Saeful. "QÎMAH KITÂB SIBAWAIH WA JUHÛD AL-LUGHAWIYYÎN AL-‘ARAB AL-MU’ÂSHIRÎN." Arabiyat : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban 6, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 322–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/a.v6i2.10611.

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There are some reasons that appeal me to do research on contemporary linguists’ contributions to Sībawaih’s al-Kitâb. As a pioneer on Arabic linguistics book, al-Kitâb has been the starting point for the classic linguists to study linguistics phenomena. And so are the contemporary linguists. For the later, they place the book in the first raw of references, be it by taking instant benefits from the fundamentals it contains or by keen reading on it. In fact, some efforts conducted by the linguists after Sībawaih can be regarded to as attempts to comprehend his theories, as well as to explain aspects which are still ambiguous to some others. This is what can be understood from the abundance varieties of works produced by later linguists: they criticize the book; they give commentaries, they give preliminary fundaments on further readings on it; they study on the theories; they explain the sources; and they trigger to study the construct of Sībawaih’s thoughts. From these various studies, even if they refer to the same book (al-Kitâb), it can be grasped that the linguist do not meet an agreement one and others in comprehending Sībawaih’s words. In this piece of paper, I try to describe what contemporary linguists do with the al-Kitāb, and how the link it to their theories. After all, this can be regarded as their contributions to the book in developing linguistics theories in a wider context.

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25

Lancioni, Giuliano, Simona Olivieri, Luca D’Anna, Raoul Villano, Cristina Solimando, and Marta Campanelli. "The "Kitāb Sībawayhi" Project." Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies 19 (August 31, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jais.7079.

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The Kitāb Sībawayhi Project aims at a new English translation and analysis of the Kitāb Sībawayhi, with an innovative approach that will shed light on the way the linguistic system of Arabic has been described by the most prominent figure of the Arabic linguistic tradition.

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26

"GENEVIÈVE HUMBERT, Les voies de la transmission du Kitāb de Sībawayhi, Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics XX, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1995, 374 pp. + 21 planches." Arabica 44, no. 2 (1997): 323–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570058972582498.

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