Relevant bibliographies by topics / Siblings Perceptions

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters

Academic literature on the topic 'Siblings Perceptions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Siblings Perceptions"

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Burke, Meghan M., Chung eun Lee, Catherine K. Arnold, and Aleksa Owen. "The Perceptions of Professionals Toward Siblings of Individuals With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 55, no. 2 (2017): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-55.2.72.

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Abstract Adult siblings of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) report struggling to navigate the adult disability service delivery system and collaborate with professionals. To date, though, it is unclear how professionals encourage sibling involvement and, accordingly, the facilitators and challenges in working with siblings. For this study, 290 professionals participated in a national web-based survey; participants answered three open-ended questions about ways to involve siblings, positive experiences with siblings, and challenges in working with siblings. Professionals reported person-level and systems-level supports to encourage sibling involvement. Also, professionals reported enjoying working with cohesive families of individuals with IDD and witnessing the benefits that siblings bring to their brothers and sisters with IDD. Challenges in working with siblings included: lack of sibling involvement, systemic barriers, and caregiving burden. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
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Gan, Lucy L., Alistair Lum, Claire E. Wakefield, et al. "The School Experiences of Siblings of Children With Chronic Illness: Australian Parents’ Perceptions." Educational and Developmental Psychologist 35, no. 1 (2018): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2018.3.

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Children with chronic illness often experience difficulties at school, yet little is known about the impact of the child's illness on siblings’ school experiences. This study investigated parents’ perceptions of siblings’ school experiences and school support. We conducted semi-structured telephone interviews with 27 parents of children with a chronic illness who had a sibling or siblings (4–25 years), representing the experiences of 31 siblings. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using content analysis. Parents believed that 14 of 31 (45.2%) siblings had school difficulties related to the ill child, such as increased anxiety or stress at school, lack of attention from teachers, and changes in behaviour as a result of increased carer responsibilities. Parents identified increased absenteeism due to the ill child's hospitalisation and the impact of parent absences on sibling school functioning. Parents described general and psychological support from the school, and the importance of monitoring the sibling at school and focusing on their unique needs. Overall, our findings suggest the need for a school-based sibling support model that combines psycho-education for siblings and school personnel, individualised sibling psychological support, and shared school and parent responsibility in normalising the sibling experience and providing consistent support.
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Rohner, Ronald P., Azmi Varan, and Nicholas Koberstein. "RELATIVE CONTRIBUTIONS OF ELDER SIBLINGS’ VERSUS PARENTS’ ACCEPTANCE AND BEHAVIORAL CONTROL TO THE PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT OF YOUNGER SIBLINGS IN TURKEY." International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies 4, no. 2 (2013): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/ijcyfs42201312208.

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This study explores the differential contribution of elder siblings' versus parents' acceptance and behavioral control to the psychological adjustment of younger siblings in Turkey. One hundred eighty younger siblings (<em>M</em> = 12.38 years) in intact nuclear families with at least one older sibling (<em>M </em>= 15.79 years) responded to four self-reports. Results of simple regression analyses showed that younger siblings' perceptions of odler siblings, mothers', and fathers' acceptance (but not behavioral control) each made a unique contribution to the psychological adjustment of the younger siblings. Hierarchical regression analyses, however, showed that younger brothers' perceptions of older sisters' acceptance did not make a unique contribution to the boys' adjustment. But all other sibling pairs did contribute uniquely to the adjustment of younger siblings.
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Lock, Robin H., and Rita Finstein. "Examining the Need for Autism Sibling Support Groups in Rural Areas." Rural Special Education Quarterly 28, no. 4 (2009): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875687050902800404.

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Research supports the development of support groups for siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, parent and sibling perceptions of the need for such involvement may differ. This study evaluated the responses of 27 parents and 11 siblings located in rural West Texas concerning their opinions regarding support groups. Parents were eager for their children to participate in such groups while siblings expressed less interest. The results highlighted the need for educating siblings concerning support systems. In addition, the outcomes suggested that support groups should focus on relationship building through child-centered activities with non-threatening learning opportunities.
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Longobardi, C., L. E. Prino, F. G. M. Gastaldi, and T. Jungert. "Sibling Relationships, Personality Traits, Emotional, and Behavioral Difficulties in Autism Spectrum Disorders." Child Development Research 2019 (November 25, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9576484.

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This study focused on parents’ perceptions of the quality of sibling relationship and its association with some behavioral and emotional characteristics of the typically developing sibling. The participants were parents of children with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing siblings. The sample size was 43. The group comprised 14 fathers (32.6%) and 29 mothers (67.4%) aged 33–53 years (M=43.56; SD = 5.23). The parents completed measures of siblings’ emotional and behavioral difficulties, siblings’ personality, and sibling relationships and their impact on families and siblings. The results showed that behavioral difficulties such as emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, and peer relationship problems were significantly associated with negative sibling relationships—characterized by rivalry, aggression, avoidance, and teaching behavior toward the brother or sister with an autism spectrum disorder. The implications are that sibling-focused interventions should focus on improving negative sibling relationships to reduce the impact on the difficulties of the typical development of the sibling of both genders and shape the content and delivery framework accordingly. This can be done by providing skills and approaches for enhancing sibling relationships so both parties benefit.
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Marjoribanks, Kevin. "Social Status Attainment: Influence of Siblings' Background." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 2 (1997): 513–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.2.513.

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Relationships were examined among birth order, sibsize, family environments, and young adults' attainment of social status for 300 21-yr.-old Australians. The sibling variables had significant associations with young women's social-status attainment whereas the relationships between the siblings' and young men's attainment measures were mediated by their perceptions of family environment.
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Perkins, Nathan H., and Jennifer A. Shadik. "A Parent’s Perceptions of Physical and Emotional Sibling Violence." Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services 99, no. 1 (2018): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1044389418756638.

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The inclusion of parental perspectives in research on physical and emotional sibling violence has been minimal, with parents of various ethnic backgrounds being particularly absent from the literature. Drawing on witnessed interactions with her own children and her personal experiences with a sibling in childhood, this article presents a view of physical and emotional sibling violence from the perspective of an African American parent identified by social services to be at risk for child abuse and neglect. Themes emerging from the interview center around the intersection of sibling violence and parental/family stress, parental normalization of violence between siblings, witnessing community violence, sibling versus peer fighting, and ways to address/prevent sibling violence. The need for more ethnically and socioeconomically inclusive research related to physical and emotional sibling violence is highlighted along with a discussion of practice implications as mechanisms for intervention.
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Tuttle, Diane Hoekstra, and Dewey G. Cornell. "Maternal Labeling of Gifted Children: Effects on the Sibling Relationship." Exceptional Children 59, no. 5 (1993): 402–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001440299305900503.

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The present study examined the impact of maternal labeling of children as gifted on the sibling relationship. Subjects were 144 pairs of firstborn and secondborn siblings classified according to maternal perceptions into one of four groups: both gifted, firstborn gifted, secondborn gifted, or neither gifted. Five aspects of the sibling relationship were examined: Warmth/Closeness, Status/Power, Conflict, Maternal Partiality, and Paternal Partiality. Results indicated that unlabeled children generally did not view the sibling relationship more negatively than their labeled siblings. However, there was consistent evidence of labeling effects which interacted with birth order. Maternal labeling of firstborn children was associated with greater Warmth/Closeness in the sibling relationship, but maternal labeling of secondborn children appeared to have the opposite effect of reduced Warmth/Closeness.
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McGowan, Helen. "Siblings and death: perspectives and perceptions." Paediatric Nursing 6, no. 5 (1994): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/paed.6.5.10.s17.

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Jennings, Melissa, and Nina Howe. "Siblings' Perceptions of Their Parents' Divorce." Journal of Divorce & Remarriage 35, no. 1 (2001): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j087v35n01_05.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Siblings Perceptions"

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Jennings, Melissa. "Siblings' perceptions of their divorce experiences and the qualities of the sibling relationship." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0003/MQ43542.pdf.

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Murray, John Stephen. "Social support for school-age siblings of children with cancer : a comparison between parent and sibling perceptions /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Graff, Carol Ann. "Understanding the Perspective of Adolescent Siblings of Children with Down Syndrome Who Have Multiple Health Problems." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2162.

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The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to obtain information from adolescent siblings of children with Down syndrome (CWDS) regarding their perceptions of living with a child who has Down syndrome (DS). Twenty-three adolescents between 12 and 19 years of age who lived with a child who had DS and additional health problems including cardiac, endocrine, gastrointestinal, hematological, neurological, and behavioral conditions were interviewed individually. After examining the tape recorded interviews, major themes revealed both positive and negative aspects of living with a child with DS who has major health problems. However, overall the adolescents reflected more positive experiences than negative experiences. In addition, most adolescents interviewed said they would not change anything about their experience. One interesting finding was that most participants did not believe the child with DS would ever live independently, perhaps because of the additional health problems these CWDS have. Information gained from this study provides information for nurses and families to help better understand adolescent sibling perceptions about living with a CWDS so more appropriate and individualized nursing interventions can be provided for siblings and their families. This information can assist nurses in supporting similar families gain better coping skills, learn more about the impact of DS on families, and provide information on stress management and nursing interventions to support family growth and development especially for adolescents who have the added responsibility of caring for and living with a CWDS.
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Alsop, Kim. "Perceptions of experience, understanding siblings of children with special needs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58318.pdf.

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Roberts, Sara Louise. "Siblings of children and young people with autism : an exploration of typical siblings' constructions, perceptions and coping responses." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/37780/.

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The inter-sibling relationships of children and young people with autism have generally been overlooked in the literature. Whilst research has increasingly focused on this topic, relatively little is known about the constructions, perceptions and coping responses of typical siblings of children and young people with autism. A child with autism in the family presents a unique challenge and little is known about how this impacts on typical siblings. Typical siblings of children and young people with autism are proposed to be at increased risk for adjustment difficulties, as a result of interactions between complex genetic and environmental variables. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with twelve adolescent typical siblings to explore their constructions, perceptions and coping responses. The data was analysed using thematic analysis and nine broad themes emerged: (1) knowledge and understanding of autism; (2) perceptions; (3) the quality of the inter-sibling relationship; (4) the impact of their brothers’ condition; (5) coping strategies; (6) perceptions of others; (7) support; (8) the future; and (9) acceptance and ambivalence. These themes were developed into models and the findings present initial evidence which accounts for some variability in typical siblings’ constructions, perceptions and coping responses. Such factors have important implications for individual adjustment, inter-sibling relationships, intra-familial relationships and global family functioning. These findings may be used to inform future large scale research designs, with a view to developing comprehensive assessment and support services for typical siblings of children and young people with autism. The Educational Psychologist (EP) will be integral in identifying typical siblings who may be at risk for adjustment difficulties. The EP is also well placed to develop interventions and support services for typical siblings of children and young people with autism. Therefore, this research is direct relevance to the EP, as well as those working with children and young people with autism and their families.
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Callaghan, Linda. "Growing up with autism : experiences and perceptions of neuro-typically developing sisters." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/growing-up-with-autismexperiences-and-perceptions-of-neurotypically-developing-sisters(dc248e51-e89b-4cf0-9cd2-133d0ea20d65).html.

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Research shows that raising a child with ASD makes considerable demands on family resources, yet the experiences of neuro typically developing (NTD) siblings of children and young people with ASD remain relatively unexplored. The findings of quantitative research are mixed and inconclusive and little is known about the processes that mediate and moderate the experience of living with a sibling with ASD (Hodapp et al., 2005; Meadan et al., 2010; Petalas et al., 2009). Further descriptive and exploratory research is indicated with participants of different groups to illuminate the multi-factorial nature of the phenomenon and help understand the apparent differences in individual experiences and outcomes. This study uses semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis to explore the self-reported experiences and perceptions of eight neuro-typically developing sisters, aged 10-19, who are also the sole NTD siblings in their families. Their parents were also interviewed to provide contextual information and to ascertain their views on the sibling experience. In addition to looking at their family life and sibling relationships, this study also explores school life and peer group relationships. Analysis suggests eight themes of sibling experience: Continuum of Perceived Challenge: Positively and negatively perceived aspects of having a sibling with ASD. Continuum of Acceptance; Coping and Resilience; Continuum of Relatability; Continuum of Positive Identity; Social world: Threats and Friends; Social Carer; Support. NTD sisters adopt a social caring role towards their sibling with ASD, that is different to that fulfilled by parents and transcends home and school boundaries. NTD sisters can be negatively affected by tension between home and school regarding provision for the child with ASD. Reconciling social persona with loyalty to one's sibling, developing a mutually satisfying sibling relationship and findings strengths and positive meaning in one's experiences, are associated with positive adjustment. Mother-daughter relationship and family beliefs and values are highly influential in the psycho-emotional adjustment of NTD sisters. Implications for the practice of applied psychologists and school-based professionals, in response to these findings, are explored and areas for further research are suggested.
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Schurman, Carol T. "The play of children with severe disabilities, perceptions of parents, teachers, and siblings." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24911.pdf.

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Pope, Loralee. "Perceptions Of Siblings Relationships In Middle Childhood And Their Effects Of Adolescent Anxiety And Depression." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1471.

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Experiencing sibling conflict is a fact of life for most children, and this study investigates which form of sibling conflict is more likely to lead to adjustment difficulties such as anxiety and depression. Questionnaires enquiring about sibling relationships, anxiety and depression were administered to 121 students of Westland High School aged between 13 and 18 years. The correlations and multiple regressions performed indicated that adolescents with a positive sibling relationship have significantly lower levels of depression. In addition, emotional conflict between siblings was found to be a significant predictor of depression, whilst jealousy was found to be a significant predictor of anxiety and social phobia. Implications for intervention regarding disciplining emotional aggression and controlling for jealousy are discussed.
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Reich, Julie A. "Perceptions of Parental Differential Treatment: Correlates in Chronically Ill and Non-Ill Samples of Children." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000063.

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Perkins, Nathan. "Parental Perceptions and Experiences of Physical and Emotional Violence between Siblings: A Mixed-Methods, Comparative Case Study." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3349.

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Sibling violence is a common occurrence for many children yet this form of family violence has received minimal attention in research compared to other forms of child maltreatment. With parents as an integral component in the lives of many children, parental perceptions and experiences of violence between siblings are important to understand. Furthermore, with the increased variation in family structures within society, inclusion of multiple types of families in research is necessary to encompass a broad understanding of sibling violence. This case study included seven parents from four different family structures to examine their perceptions and experiences of physical and emotional violence between siblings. Three phases of data collection including both quantitative and qualitative data gathered information about participants’ experiences with siblings in childhood, witnessed behaviors between children, behaviors associated with sibling violence and sibling rivalry, and labels used to refer to violence between siblings. Participants were also presented with several case scenarios depicting various sibling interactions in which they processed the degree to which they found the behaviors violent or non-violent. Findings indicate that family structure is less important than past and present environmental and contextual factors in understanding participant differentiation between problematic and non-problematic behaviors between siblings. Data from all three phases helped in the construction of a parental decision-making model of sibling interaction that included consideration of past experiences, children factors, the context of interaction, and family rules when classifying behaviors. Implications of the findings for social work direct practice, policy aimed at addressing violence between siblings, advocacy through parental education, social work education, and future directions for research in the area of sibling violence are presented.
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Books on the topic "Siblings Perceptions"

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Peters, Stephanie True. Switch play! Little, Brown, 2003.

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Crosby Newell Bonsall. Who's a pest?: A Homer story. HarperCollins Publishers, 2002.

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Crosby Newell Bonsall. Who's a pest?: A Homer Story. HarperCollins Publishers, 1990.

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Andres, Linda Florence. ADOLESCENT SIBLINGS OF DIABETICS: PERCEPTIONS OF THE ILLNESS EXPERIENCE. 1994.

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Social Support for School-Age Siblings of Children with Cancer: A comparison Between Parent and Sibling Perceptions. Storming Media, 2000.

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Faith, Natalie. Sibling relationships and perceptions of closeness. 1998.

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Children's Understanding of Their Sibling Relationships. Kingsley Publishers, Jessica, 2005.

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Sturner, Bonnie Phyllis. The effects of spacing, sex of sibling pair, birth order, and children's perception of parental and sibling attitudes on sibling rivalry. 1985.

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Bonsall, Crosby. Who's a Pest?: A Homer Story. HarperTrophy, 1986.

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Bonsall, Crosby. Who's a Pest?: A Homer Story. HarperTrophy, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Siblings Perceptions"

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Balk, David. "Adolescents’ Grief Reactions and Self-Concept Perceptions Following Sibling Death." In Coping with Life Crises. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7021-5_5.

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Frey, J. E., and G. L. Bush. "Impaired host odor perception in hybrids between the sibling species Rhagoletis pomonella and R. mendax." In Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Insect-Plant Relationships. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1720-0_38.

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Syriopoulou-Delli, Christine K., and Katerina Loi. "Parents and Siblings of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder." In Advances in Early Childhood and K-12 Education. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8217-6.ch014.

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The presence of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has impact on members of the family. This study explored social, behavioral, and emotional characteristics and perceptions of parents and typically developing (TD) siblings of children with ASD, sibling relationship, and family satisfaction of parents. Of 21 families who participated in study, mother, father, and one TD sibling of school age provided demographic information and completed a series of questionnaires. The majority of parents and TD children showed positive adjustment, moderate level of family satisfaction, and satisfying sibling relationships. Various difficulties were recorded by a small percentage of participants, including high and clinically significant parenting stress, mothers with severe degree of negative emotional status, and a few TD children with externalizing and internalizing problems. The study provided preliminary overview of Greek families of children with ASD, which indicates that the majority cope well with the situation, but some family members could benefit from identification of related problems and professional intervention.
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"Sibling Relationships During Childhood: Multiple Perceptions from Multiple Perspectives." In Continuity and Change in Family Relations. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781410609878-20.

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Nelson, Margaret K., Rosanna Hertz, and Wendy Kramer. "Making sense of donors and donor siblings: A comparison of the perceptions of donor-conceived offspring in lesbian-parent and heterosexual-parent families ☆ The first two authors contributed equally to this chapter." In Contemporary Perspectives in Family Research. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s1530-3535(2013)0000007004.

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Hazarika, Mythili, and Sandamita Choudhury. "Attitude towards People with Intellectual Disabilities (PWID)." In Handbook of Research on Diagnosing, Treating, and Managing Intellectual Disabilities. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0089-6.ch013.

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History on PWID indicates influence of various psycho-social, biological, religious and educational factors for the existence of stereotypical attitudes towards PWID. Across the world until the mid-80's they were a marginalized group of people who were discriminated from others' who considered themselves as “normal”. But since the early part of the 21st century significant efforts have been reported across countries in integrating and mainstreaming the PWID in the community at large. To attain this challenging milestone attitude plays a very significant role. Families of PWID undergo high levels of stress and emotional reactions resulting from daily care demands, emotional distress, interpersonal difficulties (family discord), financial hardships as well as social isolation which call for intervention not just for the intellectually disabled but also with the family members. Positive attitude among the health and all professionals with humane qualities such as empathy, genuineness, unconditional positive regard towards the PWID leads to positive expectation and better outcome. Interestingly in developing countries stereotypes are based on ignorance and families find it extremely difficult to disclose the presence of Intellectual Disability (ID) as it is considered to be a ‘loss of face'' and is believed to tarnish the family reputation. Hence, families often adopt strategies to hide the existence of a disability, which in turn delays the treatment, and rehabilitation of PWID. Along with parents and family members other stakeholders like siblings and relatives, teachers, educationists, health professionals and general public's attitudes towards them are highly influential factors for their rehabilitation and integration in the mainstream community. Hence, this chapter is an attempt to focus on the importance of attitude that determines the course towards acceptance of PWID. The authors' focus is on the various perceptions towards intellectual disability and the implications of the favorable and unfavorable attitudes towards PWID since the Egyptian era in developed and developing nations. Further, the recommendations provided are for the policymakers and stakeholders to design intervention programs to alter people's attitude towards acceptance and compassion towards PWID. This is believed to help in their rehabilitation, and integration into the society at all levels and thereby reduces the prejudice and discrimination towards them.
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Hazarika, Mythili, and Sandamita Choudhury. "Attitude towards People with Intellectual Disabilities (PWID)." In Research Anthology on Rehabilitation Practices and Therapy. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3432-8.ch089.

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History on PWID indicates influence of various psycho-social, biological, religious and educational factors for the existence of stereotypical attitudes towards PWID. Across the world until the mid-80's they were a marginalized group of people who were discriminated from others' who considered themselves as “normal”. But since the early part of the 21st century significant efforts have been reported across countries in integrating and mainstreaming the PWID in the community at large. To attain this challenging milestone attitude plays a very significant role. Families of PWID undergo high levels of stress and emotional reactions resulting from daily care demands, emotional distress, interpersonal difficulties (family discord), financial hardships as well as social isolation which call for intervention not just for the intellectually disabled but also with the family members. Positive attitude among the health and all professionals with humane qualities such as empathy, genuineness, unconditional positive regard towards the PWID leads to positive expectation and better outcome. Interestingly in developing countries stereotypes are based on ignorance and families find it extremely difficult to disclose the presence of Intellectual Disability (ID) as it is considered to be a ‘loss of face'' and is believed to tarnish the family reputation. Hence, families often adopt strategies to hide the existence of a disability, which in turn delays the treatment, and rehabilitation of PWID. Along with parents and family members other stakeholders like siblings and relatives, teachers, educationists, health professionals and general public's attitudes towards them are highly influential factors for their rehabilitation and integration in the mainstream community. Hence, this chapter is an attempt to focus on the importance of attitude that determines the course towards acceptance of PWID. The authors' focus is on the various perceptions towards intellectual disability and the implications of the favorable and unfavorable attitudes towards PWID since the Egyptian era in developed and developing nations. Further, the recommendations provided are for the policymakers and stakeholders to design intervention programs to alter people's attitude towards acceptance and compassion towards PWID. This is believed to help in their rehabilitation, and integration into the society at all levels and thereby reduces the prejudice and discrimination towards them.
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Parikh, Chandni. "Eye-Tracking Technology." In Eye-Tracking Technology Applications in Educational Research. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1005-5.ch014.

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Eye movements and gaze direction have been utilized to make inferences about perception and cognition since the 1800s. The driving factor behind recording overt eye movements stem from the fundamental idea that one's gaze provides tremendous insight into the information processing that takes place early on during development. One of the key deficits seen in individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) involves eye gaze and social attention processing. The current chapter focuses on the use of eye-tracking technology with high-risk infants who are siblings of children diagnosed with ASD in order to highlight potential bio-behavioral markers that can inform the ascertainment of red flags and atypical behaviors associated with ASD within the first few years of development.
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Stuber, Margaret L. "Posttraumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Growth in Childhood Cancer Survivors and Their Parents." In Comprehensive Handbook of Childhood Cancer and Sickle Cell Disease. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195169850.003.0021.

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Few would disagree that a diagnosis of childhood cancer is shocking and frightening to the child and to the child’s family. In addition to the sudden and dreadful diagnosis, the intensive and often lengthy treatment is extremely stressful. The combination of diagnosis and subsequent treatment frequently leaves children and parents feeling helpless. However, life-threatening illness has historically been categorized as stressful but not “traumatic” in the way that interpersonal violence or natural disasters are traumatic. In fact, the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1987) stated that “chronic medical illness” was specifically excluded as a potential precipitant of a formal psychiatric diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This was important because PTSD is the only diagnosis in the DSM that includes a cause or precipitating event within the diagnostic criteria rather than simply offering a description of typical symptoms. Clinical observations challenging the perception that cancer was not sufficiently “traumatic” to precipitate the symptoms of PTSD began to be described in the psychiatric literature in the 1980s and prompted a series of field trials in preparation for the fourth edition of the DSM. A group of 24 adolescent cancer survivors and their mothers were interviewed, and findings revealed that a substantial minority of both groups met criteria for a diagnosis of PTSD (Alter et al., 1996). Life-threatening medical illness was subsequently included as a potential precipitating event for PTSD in the text of the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) in 1994. The accompanying text specified not only that the person experiencing the medical life threat might respond with posttraumatic stress but also that this might also be a precipitant for family members. This allowed a common framework for researchers to investigate posttraumatic stress responses to medical life threat in adult patients, spouses of patients, and childhood patients, their siblings, and their parents. In this chapter, we review the growing body of literature that has emerged regarding the epidemiology, correlates, and predictors of posttraumatic stress symptoms in those exposed to medical life threat.
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