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1
UGARTE GIL, Cesar Augusto, and J. Jaime MIRANDA MONTERO. "Derechos Humanos y Salud: El caso del VIH/SIDA." Revista Medica Herediana 15, no. 4 (January 8, 2013): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.20453/rmh.v15i4.777.
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The history of HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) has shown us, continuously, many experiences in the political, moral, economic, social, therapeutic and clinical areas, amongst others. Due to the various and diverse implications of this complex problem, a solitary analysis framed by only one of those fields results difficult and inappropriate. We argue that a human rights approach should be undertaken to understand and address this problem. The advantage of this type of analysis goes beyond clinical aspect of the patient, and thus provides an integral vision that every health professional should handle in a day-to-day basis.
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Stafleu, M. D. "PHILOSOPHICAL ETHICS AND THE SO-CALLED ETHICAL ASPECT." Philosophia Reformata 72, no. 1 (November 29, 2007): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116117-90000403.
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At the law side of the creation, the Philosophy of the Cosmonomic Idea distinguishes between natural laws, values and norms. Natural laws are coercive both for human beings and for any other subject or object. Like natural laws, values or normative principles belong to the creation, being universal and invariable. Both people and associations are subject to values, which they can obey or disobey. Values characterize the relation frames (modal aspects) following the natural ones. Norms are man-made realizations of values, historically and culturally different. Philosophical ethics investigates the normativity of human acts. This paper argues that ethics cannot be related to a single relation frame and that the designation ‘ethical’ or ‘moral’ modal aspect is a misnomer.
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Wahyudi, Dedi, and Nelly Agustin. "Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Mata Pelajaran Akidah Akhlak dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Naturalistik Eksistensial Spiritual." Al-Tadzkiyyah: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 9, no. 1 (June 8, 2018): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/atjpi.v9i1.2605.
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Learning outcomes are very important for every student, parent, teacher andschool. Learning outcomes are a tool for students to gain an appreciation and a betterlife. The learning result of morality is not only concerned with the cognitive aspect, butalso emphasizes the affective and psychomotor aspects. Using this naturalisticexistential-based expression model can improve student learning outcomes. Bothlearning outcomes from aspects of cognitive (knowledge), affective aspects (morals) andpsychomotrik aspects (skills / skills). The intelligence of students has the potential toimprove learning outcomes. No exception on the subject Akidah Akhlak, which is inneed of understanding and implementation of the contents of teaching materials. Suchintelligence is naturalistic existential and spiritual. It is concluded that these threeintelligences are dominantly average owned by the students. When associated withsubjects of moral aqid and learning model, existential natural and spiritualisticintelligence is very relevant to teaching materials and learning frames. It appears thatstudent learning outcomes are increasing with the use of this existential spiritualisticbased naturalistic learning model. Increased learning results seen from good moralsand good students in accordance with existing norms. Also seen from the results ofunderstanding through the evaluation of side.
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Veretennikova, Svetlana Viktorovna. "Modern Scientific Understanding of the «Conceptspiritual and Moral Education»: Practical Aspect." Siberian Pedagogical Journal, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/1813-4718.2103.11.
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Problem and goal. The study is devoted to the understanding of the pedagogical community of the key category of the current regulatory legal acts in the field of education – “spiritual and moral education.” The implementation of one or another legally enshrined norm is carried out by specific subjects, who must first of all comprehend it, fill it with content and, as a result, implement it in their professional activities. In this regard, the search for an answer to the question “How is” spiritual and moral education “understood in modern scientific and pedagogical discourse?” was the purpose of this study. Research base and literature. The research was carried out on the basis of publications presented in the NEB eLIBRARY.RU. The article provides an overview of scientific works published in 2019 on the pedagogical category “spiritual and moral education”. The material for the review was publications posted on the portal in the free access, the authors of which share their experience or the experience of pedagogical collectives in the implementation of spiritual and moral education. Research results. In the presented review, attention is focused on publications of a practical nature, which accounted for ⅔ of all the works under consideration. The review of publications devoted to the experience of implementing spiritual and moral education is based on the technology of education proposed by N.E. Shchurkova. All publications are conditionally divided into those where the technology of spiritual and moral education is presented in a holistic manner, and those where its separate component is revealed; on publications devoted to spiritual and moral education in lesson activities and in extracurricular activities. Conclusion. The overwhelming number of publications is devoted to the organization of the external “moral” side of spiritual and moral education, while the spiritual component of the category under consideration is rarely in demand by modern authors. The description of the experience of the authors of the publications under consideration contains mainly a list of activities, while the description of the experience in organizing the semantic search activity of students in works is rare.
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Veretennikova, Svetana Viktorovna. "Modern Scientific Understanding of the Concept «Spiritual and Moral Education»: Theoretical Aspect." Siberian Pedagogical Journal, no. 5 (November 18, 2020): 144–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/1813-4718.2005.14.
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Problem and goal. “Spiritual and moral education” is a key category of a number of Federal regulations that have come into force over the past decade. However, this category is not always interpreted unambiguously by the scientific and pedagogical community. The purpose of the article: to consider how “spiritual and moral education” is understood in the modern scientific and pedagogical discourse. Research base and literature. The article provides a review of scientific works published in 2019 on the pedagogical category “spiritual and moral education”, which is a key one in the leading legal acts. The review was based on publications published on the neb portal eLIBRARY.RU. in the public domain, in which the category under study is included in the title of the work, annotation, and / or keywords. Statistics are provided that reflect the geography of the publications under consideration, the value bases of spiritual and moral education, and groups of authors. Research base and literature. This review focuses on publications of a theoretical nature, which made up ⅓ of all the considered works. All publications of a theoretical nature are conditionally divided into works of “spiritual” (meaning-seeking) and” moral» (behavioral) orientation; their distinctive features and value bases are considered. The article analyzes publications that present a retrospective analysis of spiritual and moral education. Conclusion. The essential characteristics of spiritual and moral education are revealed. The analysis showed that they are updated in only one-third of the reviewed publications; the remaining two-thirds are devoted to the external side of its organization. Although most authors assign a strategic role to spiritual and moral education not only in solving educational problems, but also in stabilizing society, this category is considered in isolation from the experience of the past and without a proper understanding of the role of the teacher.
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Simunovic, Vojin, Aleksandra Djurovic, and Jovan Miric. "The happy victimizer phenomenon: Thinking or knowledge." Zbornik Instituta za pedagoska istrazivanja 47, no. 2 (2015): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zipi1502269s.
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The attribution of emotions to transgressors has received considerable attention of researchers since the end of the1980s. A common research finding in the Western countries (the USA, Germany, and Portugal) is that children younger than 8 years attribute positive emotions to transgressors (which is called ?the happy victimizer phenomenon?, HVP). On the other hand, a research study conducted in Belgrade, Serbia, did not find the HVP even among 5-year-old children. It was established that children from Belgrade focused more on the moral side of the transgression than on the instrumental side (i.e. the things that the transgressor achieved by the transgression). The goal of our research was to evaluate whether Serbian children actually reason in this way or simply repeat what they have learned. In order to verify this hypothesis, Piaget?s method of ?a pair of stories? (instead of presenting the stories one by one) was used in two studies. In the first study, the degree of injury inflicted to the other child was varied (as one aspect of the moral side of the transgression). In the second study, the type of intention (good or bad) was varied (as another aspect of the moral side of the transgression). In both studies, the sample consisted of 40 children, with two age groups (5- and 7-year-old children) that included 20 children each (10 boys and 10 girls). The conclusion of both studies was that subjects attributed negative emotions to transgressors in accordance with the moral instead of instrumental understanding of the transgression. These findings imply that children?s responses do not represent moral knowledge, but reflect authentic moral reasoning.
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Ogunfowora, Babatunde, Joshua S. Bourdage, and Brenda Nguyen. "An Exploration of the Dishonest Side of Self–Monitoring: Links to Moral Disengagement and Unethical Business Decision Making." European Journal of Personality 27, no. 6 (November 2013): 532–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.1931.
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The majority of research on self–monitoring has focused on the positive aspects of this personality trait. The goal of the present research was to shed some light on the potential negative side of self–monitoring and resulting consequences in two independent studies. Study 1 demonstrated that, in addition to being higher on Extraversion, high self–monitors are also more likely to be low on Honesty–Humility, which is characterized by a tendency to be dishonest and driven by self–gain. Study 2 was designed to investigate the consequences of this dishonest side of self–monitoring using two previously unexamined outcomes: moral disengagement and unethical business decision making. Results showed that high self–monitors are more likely to engage in unethical business decision making and that this relationship is mediated by the propensity to engage in moral disengagement. In addition, these negative effects of self–monitoring were found to be due to its low Honesty–Humility aspect, rather than its high Extraversion side. Further investigation showed similar effects for the Other–Directedness and Acting (but not Extraversion) self–monitoring subscales. These findings provide valuable insight into previously unexamined negative consequences of self–monitoring and suggest important directions for future research on self–monitoring. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Shafalovich, Anna. "Some Aspects of the Modern Understanding of Liberty in Law." Teisė 113 (December 20, 2019): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2019.113.13.
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In contrast to the philosophical (moral and religious) and psychological side of freedom, the legal side of freedom is poorly studied. This article is intended to fill this gap. As a result of the study, the author reveals the difference between freedom in law and freedom of the individual, reveals their characteristic features, and also substantiates the criterion of differentiation of subjective right and freedom in law.
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Koniaieva, L. "SPIRITUAL AND MORAL ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIALIZATION OF PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS." Psychology and Personality, no. 1 (May 20, 2021): 196–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4078.2021.1.227233.
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The article highlights the actual problem of spiritual and moral aspects of professional socialization of modern student youth, and in particular psychology students. The concepts of professional socialization, morality, spirituality are analyzed. The materialistic and religious points of view in understanding spirituality are considered.
It was found that student youth is in the most intensive phase of socialization, which is associated with studying at a higher educational institution, and the important factors of professional socialization of students are the motivation and moral orientation of the individual, professional worldview, the values of professional activities of specialists and the system of value orientations. A theoretical analysis of the literature has shown that value orientations are a spiritual phenomenon, the essential basis of a person, a mechanism for self-organization of her spiritual world, and a person's moral self-determination is closely related to the level of his spiritual development. The connection of universal human moral values with personal and professional is the driving force behind the development of a specialist, and the conscious development of value orientations in students and the purposeful formation of spiritual and moral values in them are necessary for their successful professional socialization.
The profession of a psychologist requires increased attention to the moral side of the functions performed, since his professional activity is directly related to interaction with people, influence on their inner world. Therefore, the ethics of his work is based on universal human moral values. In the professional activity of a psychologist, the main ones are the ideals of the free and all-round development of the personality and its respect, the rapprochement of people and a pronounced orientation towards the value of another person. Therefore, spiritual and moral development is a priority in the process of professional socialization of psychology students, during which special attention should be paid to the formation of the moral self-concept of personality, virtues, empathy, self-esteem and the assimilation of moral values of the professional activity of psychologists, taking into account their ethical code.
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Alfazri, M. "Moral Evaluation dalam Pemberitaan Pesawat Lion Air JT-610: Narasi Berita Detik.com dan Kompas.com." Kalijaga Journal of Communication 1, no. 1 (May 16, 2019): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/kjc.11.05.2019.
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This study aims to find the framing of detik.com and kompas.com on the evacuation process of the Lion Air JT610 plane crash, in the aspect of moral judgment. Every event that occurs which is informed by the media has a specific purpose to be conveyed so that the reader can be construed like what the media wants. One of the suppressive aspects of the news is to provide an image for the public to conduct moral judgments on events that occur. To achieve this goal, this study uses a qualitative method using the Robert N. Entman framing analysis approach. From the search for the news made, this study found that detik.com provides news quickly, while kompas.com features accurate news, so the preaching process takes longer than detik.com. Meanwhile, in the aspect of explaining the causes of the accident, detik.com prioritizes a comprehensive explanation by presenting various sources. This is different from kompas.com which tends to display news from one side. Two different aspects of taking a point of view between detik.com and kompas.com cause different moral judgments to emerge. Kompas prefers the point of view of the evacuation team by presenting the narrative of victims who died in the evacuation process. Meanwhile, detik.com takes the perspective of the victim, so that the misfortunes of the victim's family are highlighted.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan framing detik.com dan kompas.com atas proses evakuasi kecelakaan pesawat Lion Air JT610, dalam aspek penilaian moral. Setiap peristiwa yang terjadi yang diinformasikan oleh media memiliki tujuan spesifik yang hendak disampaikan agar pembaca dapat terskontruk seperti keinginan media. Salah satu aspek penekan dalam berita adalah memberikan gambaran kepada masyarakat untuk melakukan penilaian moral atas peristiwa yang terjadi. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis framing Robert N. Entman. Dari penelusuran terhadap berita yang dibuat, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa detik.com menyediakan berita secara cepat, sedangkan kompas.com menonjolkan pemberitaan yang akurat, sehingga proses pengabarannya lebih lama dibandingkan dengan detik.com. Sedangkan dalam aspek penjelasan penyebab kecelakaan, detik.com lebih mengutamakan penjelasan yang menyeluruh dengan menghadirkan sumber yang bervariatif. Hal ini berbeda dengan kompas.com yang lebih cenderung menampilkan berita dari satu sisi. Dua aspek yang berbeda dalam mengambil sudut pandang antara detik.com dan kompas.com menyebabkan adanya penilaian moral yang berbeda yang muncul. Kompas lebih mengutamakan sudut pandang tim evakuasi dengan menampilkan narasi korban yang gugur dalam proses evakuasi. Sedangkan, detik.com mengambil sudut pandang korban, sehingga kemalangan dari keluarga korban lebih ditonjolkan.
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Asnawan, Asnawan. "Exploring Education Character Thought of Ki Hajar Dewantara and Thomas Lickona." International Journal on Advanced Science, Education, and Religion 3, no. 3 (November 25, 2020): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33648/ijoaser.v3i3.83.
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This article aimed to describe the idea of Ki Hajar Deantara and Thomas Lichona about the moral problems of today's society. Where the children’ experience moral degradation which seems increasingly out of control. This article used library research. Documentation and observation was used in collecting data. The research reveals that Ki Hajar Dewantara’s concept of education is to realize the achievement of educational goals through the Education Tripusat. According to Thomas Lickona, there are three kinds of moral knowledge that can be used when dealing with moral challenges, including moral awareness, knowing moral values, and determining perspective. Ki Hajar Dewantara argues that in order to carry out character education, understanding must be embedded, feeling something that is learned and then implementing it in real behavior. While, Thomas Lickona stated that the emotional side of character is the same as the intellectual side, open to the development of schools and families. Three moral aspects to teach about character include conscience, empathy, and humility.
Keywords: Education Character, Degradation Moral in Society
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Dahlan, Ahmad. "Aplikasi Pembiayaan di Bank Syari’ah." Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 4, no. 2 (June 4, 2020): 217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v4i2.3708.
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The aplication of Syari’ah bank financial which is based on profit and loss sharing, known as margin profit sharing, seems facing many challenges. From the financing side, the obstacles are asymmetric information problem, side streaming, adverse selection, and moral hazard. The indirect obstacles are the sociological aspect, such as a domination of capitalist system in banking and the non optimum human resources.
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Hämäläinen, Nora. "Inconsistency in Ethics." Philosophy 95, no. 4 (August 26, 2020): 447–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819120000261.
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AbstractConsistency is usually seen as one of the hallmarks and a cardinal virtue of moral theory, as well as of any defensible real-life moral perspective. In everyday life a consistent set of moral beliefs is conductive to moral clarity, communicability, responsibility and responsiveness. But this is just one side of the story. In this paper I argue that inconsistency, properly understood, is a productive and constructive aspect of both moral philosophy and our moral lives. After an introductory glance at Ralf Waldo Emerson and Hannah Arendt, the argument proceeds in three main steps. First, I discuss the philosophical importance of paying heed to inconsistencies in our moral lives, which often are prematurely pruned from moral philosophy. Second, I discuss the positive moral roles of inconsistency in terms of responsiveness to different situations, values, needs and concerns that call upon our attention in everyday life. Third, I argue that moral inconsistencies contribute to the necessary adaptability of our moral understandings to changing conditions. Fourth, in the place of a conclusion, I revisit the issue of consistency, clarity and accountability.
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McDonald, Maura, and Timothy J. Ryan. "Moral Conviction and Immigration Attitudes in America." Forum 17, no. 1 (April 24, 2019): 69–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/for-2019-0006.
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Abstract Past work finds that political attitudes vary in the extent to which they are held with moral conviction – a distinctive facet of attitude intensity associated with animosity toward political opponents and resistance to compromise. We examine moral conviction as it arises on a timely political issue: immigration. Our approach is distinctive in that we measure attitudes about immigration in general, but also several subcomponents of the issue (e.g. attitudes toward building a border wall and making English the official language of the US). We find that attention to moral conviction reveals a face of public opinion that other measures do not. Opinions on the conservative side of immigration topics tend to be more strongly held and more consistent across issues. But those with opinions on the liberal side of the issue exhibit greater moral conviction, suggesting that they might be easier to mobilize and more resistant to compromise. We also assess the extent to which morally convicted attitudes can be traced to specific values and aspects of socialization.
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Ming, David. "Euthanasia In The Side Of Theological View." Journal KERUGMA 3, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 44–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33856/kerugma.v3i1.156.
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Everyone can comment on life and death as the saying written by Goerge Arnold, but that does not mean that everyone can comment on living people being invited to be killed. A person's death is not a human right to determine it but God, the Creator and Protector of the whole nature, including humans who have been planned in the line of life and death. Therefore, when euthanasia arises between the medical and legal circles, then this is not something that can be forced to exist, especially as long as it is discussed without having a strong and clear basis. The author will explain what is Euthanasia? The question of Euthanasia's historical problems, the pros and cons of euthanasia, and Euthanasia's theological criticism. The author uses a descriptive method of literature and gets research results as follows: Viewed from the aspect of human rights is a moral breakdown that needs to be evaluated again whether euthanasia is in accordance with human rights values because human rights values essentially deny the existence of euthanasia. Also seen from the religious aspect, euthanasia is never justified. Law 6: "Do not kill" can not be laughed anymore means that refusing euthanasia.
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Nazar, Leonardo. "Metaphor in language, discourse, and history." Metaphor and the Social World 5, no. 1 (July 10, 2015): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.5.1.03naz.
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This paper is aimed at verifying the experiential motivation of metaphorical language in a diachronic perspective. More specifically, I have tried to identify how socio-historical-cultural conditions may affect the actualization of a metaphor. To this end, I have grounded this research on Conceptual Metaphor Theory, which presents the linguistic metaphors in language as resulting from a conceptual-level mapping between domains of knowledge. With this in mind, I have restricted the investigation to the evidence of the MORAL ACCOUNTING metaphor in medieval religious instruction texts in England. Linguistic evidence of this metaphor in the Early and High Middle Ages were extracted and aspects of MORAL INTERACTION they express were identified, tabulated and confronted. Lastly, I have sought explanations for the maintenance and variation in the actualization of the metaphor, both in the immediate context of doctrinal production and in the broader context of commercial practices. I have found that, side by side with a surprisingly similar number of occurrences, there is evidence of the highlighting of aspects of MORAL INTERACTION that are situated historically and discursively which considerably affect the frequency of the scenarios of realisation of this metaphor.
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Zhang, Na, Mingfang Li, Zhenxing Gong, and Dingxin Xu. "Effects of ethical leadership on nurses’ service behaviors." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 6 (August 5, 2018): 1861–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733018787220.
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Background: Nurses’ service behaviors have critical implications for hospitals. However, few studies had adequate ethical considerations of service behaviors and accounted for how organizational or individual antecedents can induce nurses to engage in service behaviors. In addition, they mainly focused on the one side of role-prescribed or extra-role service behavior. Objective: This study aims to explore the chained mediation effect of ethical climate and moral sensitivity on the relationship between organizational ethical leadership and nurses’ service behaviors and to examine the relationship, from a comparative view, of the role-prescribed service behavior and extra-role service behavior. Methods: In all, 476 nurses from three tertiary hospitals were investigated with the Ethical Leadership Scale, Ethical Climate Scale, Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and Service Behavior Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze the data. SPSS and Mplus statistical software was used in the data analysis. Ethical considerations: Approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee at School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University. Data privacy and confidentiality were maintained and assured by obtaining subjects’ informed consent to participate in the research before data collection. Results: The effects of ethical leadership on nurses’ service behaviors are mediated by two variables in turn: ethical climate and nurses’ moral sensitivity. Ethical climate and moral sensitivity partially mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and nurses’ role-prescribed service behavior and fully mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and nurses’ extra-role service behavior. Conclusion: Organizational ethical leadership positively affected ethical climate, which positively affected nurses’ moral sensitivity and affected both their role-prescribed service behavior and extra-role service behavior.
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KUITENBROUWER, FRANK. "The Darker Side of Museum Art: Acquisition and Restitution of Cultural Objects with a Dubious Provenance." European Review 13, no. 4 (October 2005): 597–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798705000839.
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Museums face what has been called an ethical crisis of illegitimate acquisitions and reluctant restitution. Some claims go far back (like the Elgin Marbles), others are of more recent origin, like those concerning so-called Holocaust Art. Claims often are not purely legal in nature but also have a moral aspect. The government of The Netherlands has chosen, for a policy-oriented approach to deal with claims from the Second World War, a third way of conflict resolution.
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Schoenig, Richard. "A PROBLEM WITH CHRISTIAN ETHICS." Think 12, no. 35 (2013): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147717561300016x.
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Christianity's claim of privileged access to correct morality has always been a key element in its ability to attract and retain adherents. Jesus' Sermon on the Mount has been considered the most complete and authoritative exposition of Christian ethics this side of the Ten Commandments. In this article I will argue that the moral authority of Jesus and some important aspects of Christian ethics can be called into question by a number of seriously flawed moral imperatives from the Sermon on the Mount.
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HÄYRY, MATTI. "Discoursive Humanity as a Transcendental Basis for Cognitive (Dis)Ability Ethics and Policies." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 25, no. 2 (March 9, 2016): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180115000560.
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Abstract:This article explicates two approaches to the basis of moral worth and status: Eva Kittay’s relational view and Jeff McMahan’s psychological personhood view. It is argued that these theories alone do not provide adequate support for the conclusions Kittay and McMahan want to draw concerning individuals whose entitlement to fundamental protections can be challenged—infants with severe cognitive disabilities and infants without the support of their families and social environments. The real justification can in each case be found in deeply held convictions regarding entities that must and entities that must not be included in the core community of moral equals. Philosophical discussions about these convictions would be more useful for the advancement of our moral thinking than vain attempts to show that the absolute truth lies on either side of the ongoing debate.
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Callahan, Laura Frances. "Moral reasons not to breastfeed: a response to Woollard and Porter." Journal of Medical Ethics 45, no. 3 (September 19, 2018): 213–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2018-104989.
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Woollard and Porter argue that mothers have no moral duty to breastfeed their babies. Rather, mothers simply have moral reason(s) to breastfeed, stemming from the benefits of breast feeding for babies. According to Woollard and Porter, doing what one has moral reason to do is often supererogatory, not obligatory. I agree that mothers have no moral duty to breastfeed. However, it is misleading to suggest that mothers in general have moral reason to breastfeed and to liken not breastfeeding to not performing some supererogatory action. I will suggest mothers in general have pro tanto, but not all-things-considered, moral reason to breastfeed. Moreover, I suggest many mothers also have pro tanto moral reasons not to breastfeed. Breastfeeding is not always supererogatory; indeed, sometimes not breastfeeding is morally better. This is important because it contradicts dangerous assumptions in public discourse. One way of characterising popular consensus about breastfeeding is as Woollard and Porter do: mothers have a duty to breastfeed. But we might also characterise popular consensus differently: all moral reasons for/against breastfeeding are on the ‘pro’ breastfeeding side of the issue, whereas if there are any (good) reasons not to breastfeed these are non-moral (prudential). Woollard and Porter’s argument is important and correct in concluding that mothers have no duty to breastfeed, but it leaves this other false and dangerous idea intact and even subtly reinforces it.
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KOCHKINA, OKSANA, and OLGA MARCHUK. "LEGAL, MORAL AND ETHICAL SIDE OF THE OFFENSE, DISCREDITING HONOR EMPLOYEE THE PENAL SYSTEM." Sociopolitical sciences 10, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2223-0092-2020-10-2-213-218.
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The article examines the legal and moral and ethical aspects of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system. The considered reason for dismissal has the main feature associated with the integration of legal and moral norms, which often raises a lot of questions about the attribution of a particular offense to this basis. Using the analysis of normative legal acts, the authors attempt to identify the signs that contribute to the separation of the studied grounds for dismissal from all their diversity. The classification of offenses that discredit the honor of an employee of the criminal Executive system is presented, which allows to systematize and organize the knowledge obtained about the considered grounds for dismissal. The analysis of a misdemeanor that defames the honor of an employee of the penal system from a moral and ethical position gives an understanding, first of all, that it does not have a clear regulation from the point of view of the law, but the consequences of committing such a misdemeanor are clearly legal. The concepts of “honor” and “dignity” are considered as ethical categories and are analyzed as personal qualities that are manifested in an employee of the penal correction system during the period of service. These categories in the behavior of a person or employee are manifested both externally (assessment from the outside) and internally (self-assessment). The article describes the value orientation of an employee of the criminal Executive system to ethical standards in professional activity, which is an integral part of the moral and ethical side of a misdemeanor that discredits the honor of an employee.
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Morreim, Haavi. "Conflict Resolution in the Clinical Setting: A Story Beyond Bioethics Mediation." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 43, no. 4 (2015): 843–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12324.
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Rarely do ethics consults focus on genuine moral puzzlement in which people collectively wonder what is the right thing to do. Far more often, consults are about conflict. Each side knows quite well what is “right.” The problem is that the other side is too blind or stubborn to recognize it. And so the ethics consultant is called, perhaps in the hope that s/he will throw the weight of ethics toward one side and end the controversy so everyone can get on with other business.Perhaps the greater problem in these scenarios is that even if one side “wins” by gaining the power to dictate what happens next, the toxicity permeating the relationships often markedly worsens and other conflicts erupt, major and minor.
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Glebova, N. I. "Social competency of water transport specialists: a phenomenological aspect." Науково-теоретичний альманах "Грані" 21, no. 9 (October 11, 2018): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/1718110.
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The article deals with some productive approaches to studying the development of social competency of water transport workers on the personality level in the process of continuous professional education and professional activity. It has been ascertained that social competency of water transport specialists is an important factor of forming some successful models of realizing professionalism, professional institutions and other elements of the market procedure, and social aspects in the structures of productive coordination become a social constructing object on the side of professional groups themselves, which requires understanding these processes and working out a model of analysis and construction of strategies of the development of professional groups social competency and its approval. On the basis of the sociological concept of social collective coordination, a connection of fixing the role personality self-identification in social practices in the contexts of influences of their realization technologies is established. Some principal factors of making influence on the development of social competency in the course of effective professional activity and the availability of society’s purposeful influence on personality by means of socio-cultural surroundings, in which personality continues and develops professionally and socially, determined. The results of research interviewing of acting sea transport experts are presented. Some sociological characteristics of social competency of water transport specialists are made more exact by means of the qualitative investigation of the factors of this expert group social coordination. According to the expert interview with sea transport specialists, four groups of basic competencies of a water transport specialist, connected with the efficiency of labour activities, are determined: professional training; disciplined state; command work skills; loyalty to an employer’s company. On the basis of the analysis of the received data, some structural components of the water transport specialist’s competency are distinguished; they are connected with attitude to administrative authorities, management or subordination; with tolerance; with moral aspects of the crew coordination actualizing the aspects of moral competency and mutual confidence; with communicative and interactive aspects of the crew cooperation. According to the data of the author’s research interviews, a connection of activation of the processes of the expert personality’s socio-professional self-identification with the social and professional surroundings and increasing the level of his social and value adaptation in the environment with the social competency level is established. The availability of steady features, reflecting the demands of water transport specialists to the sea profession, regardless of a speciality (moral maturity, sociability and comradeship, firmness to stresses, behaviour normativeness, courage, self-control, adequate self-apprisal) is discovered. The necessity of working up adaptive and communicative components of social competence in small professional groups in the conditions of the closed surroundings and development is proved.
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Wetzel, Dietmar J. "Im Mikrokosmos des korrupten Empires - vom Arbeitshandeln der Führungskräfte." PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 33, no. 131 (June 1, 2003): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v33i131.671.
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The article deals with the essentially communication-based working performance of executives in service business by focussing on the aspect of corruption. From interviews with executives one can generally conclude how their working performance results in a reinforced functionalization of morals. These morals represent the other side of the -at timescorrupted circumstances at the place of work. Departing from an interactional and personal level the author continues with his socio-phenomenological description concerning two further levels: the level of the company and the level of the "empire".
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Bezdukhov, Vladimir Petrovich, and Artyom Vladimirovich Bezdukhov. "The value of human dignity as a form of moral regulation of teacher’s actions and deeds." Samara Journal of Science 9, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv202094301.
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The relevance of the research is motivated by the importance of understanding the value of dignity as one of the forms of moral regulation of the teachers actions and deeds. The authors motivate the social relevance of teaching a moral quality (or virtue) of dignity by the fact that, considering him/herself and others equally worthy, a person becomes capable of a constructive dialogue. The paper argues that one of the leading goals of modern education as an introduction to values is the education of students self-esteem, the upbringing of worthy people. The authors reveal that value is one of the elements of the system of moral regulation of actions and deeds; that the imperativeness of values lies in the fact that, being a guideline for pedagogical activity, they instruct the teacher to correspond to their content, which determines the content of moral requirements for him/herself and for students. It is shown that the golden rule of morality as a value determines the most important form of moral regulation in modern conditions. It is revealed that positive or negative aspects of the golden rule of morality correspond to what the teacher wants or does not want to experience, endure; what action he/she wants (does not want) to do so that students do (dont do) the same. It is substantiated that the above-mentioned aspects of the golden rule of morality from the pedagogical point of view are requirements to act (requirements-samples) or not to act (requirements-prohibitions) accordingly. It is revealed that dignity as a virtue combines the elements of obligation and value. Obligation is manifested in behavior focused on a certain moral quality dignity; the value of dignity, which manifests itself in behavior through the manifestation of moral qualities of honesty, truthfulness, etc., sets the form of moral regulation in which (form) the content of moral qualities and value of dignity is transmitted. The authors of the paper insist that the teacher, in the course of interaction with students, creates conditions for them to understand the essence of requirements-prohibitions, contained in the negative side of the golden rule of morality, and the essence of requirements-samples, enclosed in the positive side of the golden rule of morality; that at the level of self-education, these requirements are formulated by the teacher and students in the form of self-persuasion, self-order to commit a moral deed and not to commit an immoral act. Self-persuasion and self-order are methods of self-education, and the more a person masters them, the more he/she strengthens self-respect. Such a person becomes a moral guide for others; such a teacher creates the most favorable conditions for developing students self-respect.
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Liana, Zbigniew. "Philosophical notion of nature and the debate of Moral aspects of new technologie." E-Theologos. Theological revue of Greek Catholic Theological Faculty 2, no. 1 (April 1, 2011): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10154-011-0001-6.
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Philosophical notion of nature and the debate of Moral aspects of new technologie The paper deals with the problem of a language or terminology that would be appropriate for the interdisciplinary debate about moral issues related with the recent developments of science and technologies. In particular it deals with the appropriate terminology for the articulation of the idea (or intuitions) of normativity of nature. The evidence of historical changes undergone by the notion of nature is used to warrant the thesis, that the traditional notion of natural law, being originally in the Middle Ages only a variant of the notion of law of nature, has lost its original capacity to convey in the interdisciplinary context of dialogue of theology (or religion) with empirical sciences the idea of normative and moral aspects of nature created by God. On the other side it is shown, that this intellectual and emotional alienation of the concept of natural law from the contemporary culture does not need to lead to the disavowal of the idea of normativity of nature. The intuition of normativity is still present in the common experience of nature, what has changed is only the way of its articulation. Today a good candidate for these purposes seems to be the language of ecological values of nature, environmental equilibrium etc. It could provide a stable (and common) to some extent ground, based on the quite common experience of the value of nature, for interdisciplinary debates, where participants endorse different axiological perspectives. Finally, it is discussed, how this ecological (or similar) terminology of normativity of nature fits the fundamental contemporary epistemological idea: the intrinsically hypothetical, probable and conditioned character of every kind of an a posteriori knowledge.
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Rohana, Etep. "Character Education Relation with Spiritual Intelligence in Islamic Education Perspective." International Journal of Nusantara Islam 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/ijni.v6i2.4803.
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This article tries to discuss about character education building in an Islamic education perspective. It is education that forms superior character and human character in terms of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence. The totality of these three bits of intelligence will shape humans. This article is written using a sociological approach with a descriptive type. The method used is library research. The findings obtained indicate that the concept of character education in Indonesia is education that emphasizes great values originating from Indonesian national culture in the context of fostering the personality of the young generation which includes three aspects, namely moral knowledge, moral attitude, and ethical behavior (decent acting). It is following the objectives of Islamic education, which provides for three physical, spiritual, and reason aspects. Therefore, building complete human resources, in essence, is the development of character and superior human character from the intellectual, emotional, and spiritual side that can actualize the dimensions of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence holistically in the life.
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Hanafin, John J. "Morality and the Market in China: Some Contemporary Views." Business Ethics Quarterly 12, no. 1 (January 2002): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3857645.
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Abstract:A significant effect of China’s rejection of a planned economy for a free market is the stimulus this has given to discussion of the relationship between morality and the market. Some Chinese believe that the introduction of a market economy has had a negative effect on public morality. Others disagree and maintain that it has had only a positive effect. Besides this particular debate there are two others. In the first of these debates, it is maintained on the one side that conduct in the market is amoral and essentially contractual or transactional in nature: a boundary must be drawn between economic conduct and conduct in other spheres of social life. Against this it is argued that ethical norms apply equally to all aspects of social life including the economy. In the second debate one side holds that the market engenders its own “ethical” norms. In opposition it is argued that the moral categories articulated in moral philosophy are applicable to behaviour in the market.
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Lännström, Anna. "Socrates’ Moral Impiety and its Role at the Trial: A Reading of Euthyphro 6A." Polis: The Journal for Ancient Greek Political Thought 30, no. 1 (2013): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/20512996-90000516.
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Socrates was convicted of corrupting the youth and of not believing in the city’s gods. Scholars disagree about whether the main problem was religion or politics and, if religion, whether it was heterodoxy or heteropraxy, atheism or heresy. This paper focuses on an aspect of this debate, namely, the controversy about whether Socrates’ moral theology was a significant factor in the trial. It argues that while Vlastos and Burnyeat fail to show that Socrates’moral theology was a factor, the arguments for the opposing side are problematic as well. While the belief inmoral gods in itself probably was not sufficiently disturbing to result in a trial, its implications for patriotism and for divine power over humans could have been troubling enough to contribute to Socrates being brought to trial.
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Boff, Emmanoel de Oliveira. "What’s the problem, Mr. Smith? Shedding more light (than Heat) on Adam Smith’s view of man *." Economia e Sociedade 27, no. 1 (April 2018): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-3533.2017v27n1art1.
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Abstract Why has the “Adam Smith Problem” recently been discussed in the literature? Although most historians of economic thought regard the problem solved, these discussions cast doubt on this apparent solution. This article suggests that the “Adam Smith Problem” may originate from the concept of the human being developed by Smith in the “Theory of Moral Sentiments”: in this book, human beings can be understood as composed of an empirical and a (quasi) transcendental side, in the form of the impartial spectator. It is argued that it is the tension between these two parts which creates supposed inconsistencies between aspects of the “Theory of Moral Sentiments” and the “Wealth of Nations” like, for example, the role of sympathy and self-interest in each of these books.
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Del Mar, Maksymilian, and Oche Onazi. "The moral quality of work in international economic institutions: resisting complacency." International Journal of Law in Context 4, no. 4 (December 2008): 337–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552309004030.
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This paper offers a theory through which, we argue, we can more appropriately evaluate and potentially improve the moral quality of work. There are three components to such a theory. The first two components, which we argue need to be integrated, are normative resources that appeal to two different behavioural capacities: first, the articulation of rules, appealing to the capacity of agents to deliberate about what they ought to do; second, the introduction of forms of institutional design, appealing to the capacity of agents to acquire habits and dispositions in certain social environments. The third and most important component is that of the infinity of suffering and vulnerability. This component has both a negative and a positive aspect. On the negative side, the component is designed to assist us in recognising the inevitable limitations of either normative resource or indeed any one integrated totality of normative resources (i.e., both rules and forms of institutional design). Those limitations consist in the narrowing of the domain of objects of value towards which workers are guided or oriented by either or both normative resources. On the positive side, the component encourages us to construct alternative normative resources on the basis of alternative forms of representation of suffering and vulnerability. In that respect, the specific policy proposal of this paper is that of the establishment of Community Forums, which are designed to offer a framework thanks to which some of the particularities of suffering and vulnerability within a specific community can be recognised and communicated in a multiplicity of ways, thereafter forming a resource for the development of policy with respect to the challenges facing that specific community. The second part of the paper applies this theory to consider the value and limitations of second-generation reforms in international economic institutions. The third part of the paper further considers the values and limitations of reforms for access to public goods and services in Nigeria.
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Levine, Aaron. "Aspects of the Lemons Problem as Treated in Jewish Law." Journal of Law and Religion 23, no. 2 (2008): 379–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0748081400002332.
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Commercial transactions are often characterized by asymmetric information between the buyer and seller: one side of the market, usually the seller, knows more about the quality of the product or service offered than the other side. In his 1970 seminal article, George Akerlof predicted that unless counteracting forces are in place, this asymmetric information phenomenon will cause the volume of transactions in this marketplace to shrink to the point where only the most inferior version of the product, called a lemon, will be traded.Practically speaking, numerous institutions mitigate the asymmetrical information problem so that the marketplace does not deteriorate into a lemons market. These countervailing forces include seller guarantees, brand names, product liability laws, consumer screening, third-party comparisons, and the institution of standards and certification by the government or consumer and industry groups.My purpose here will be to analyze one aspect of the lemons problem from the perspective of an imagined society governed entirely by Jewish law and ethics. I will refer to this society as a Torah society. Specifically, I will show how Jewish warranty law counteracts the lemons problem and compare its solutions to those of American warranty law as well as state lemon laws in the U.S.Warranty law works best to counteract the lemon problem if it operates in an environment of trust. As I will show, Jewish law puts the task of moral education in the hands of parents and teachers with the goal of producing the character trait of trustworthiness.
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Sa�dan, Masthuriyah. "Khitan Anak Perempuan, Tradisi, dan Paham Keagamaan Islam: Analisa Teks Hermeneutika Fazlur Rahman." BUANA GENDER : Jurnal Studi Gender dan Anak 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/bg.v1i2.225.
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The practice of girls circumcision in Indonesian still exists these days. Though it is not as severe as the practice of circumcision in Africa and Middle East, the practice of circumcision in Indonesia is still classified as very unsophisticated: utilizing a small knife and turmeric cut at the tip of the newborn baby clitoris. This practice has been performed hereditary. Merely, in various ways, the construction of gender often cause detriment on female, since there are assumptions and beliefs on female sanctity myth. Yet this practice is very detrimental for female if it is reviewed from the medical, humanity, and social aspects. Ironically, such practice often utilized teological legitimation theorem to strengthen the root of violence against female. Employing Fazlur Rahmans hermeneutic analysis on double movement theory, this article studied the practice of female circumcision along with tradition and religious interpretation. The result of this study is that the moral ideal aspect of the female circumcision tradition has caused detriment on female whether in medical side or womans rights. Subsequently, by legal aspect, the practice of circumcision is only for boys and not for girls.Praktik khitan bagi anak perempuan di daerah Nusantara masih eksis hingga sekarang, meski tidak separah seperti praktik khitan di daerah Afrika dan Timur tengah, praktik khitan di Indonesia masih tergolong sangat sederhana. Dengan menggunakan pisau kecil dan kunyit yang disayat di bibir klitoris bayi yang baru dilahirkan. Praktik tersebut telah berjalan secara turun temurun. Secara sederhana, dalam beberapa bentuk, seringkali konstruksi gender merugikan banyak kaum perempuan, karena adanya asumsi dan kepercayaan tentang mitos kesucian perempuan. Padahal praktik tersebut sangat merugikan perempuan jika ditinjau dari aspek medis, kemanusiaan dan sosial humaniora. Ironisnya, praktik yang demikian seringkali menggunakan dalil legitimasi teologis untuk menguatkan akar kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Dengan menggunakan pisau analisa hermeneutika Fazlur Rahman tentang teori gerak ganda, tulisan ini mengkaji praktik khitan perempuan dengan tradisi dan tafsir keagamaan. Adapun hasil kajian dari tulisan ini adalah bahwa aspek ideal moral dari tradisi khitan perempuan telah merugikan pihak perempuan baik dari segi medis maupun hak asasi perempuan. Kemudian secara aspek legal, praktik khitan adalah untuk anak laki-laki dan bukan kepada anak perempuan.
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Sevón, Eija. "Narrating Ambivalence of Maternal Responsibility." Sociological Research Online 12, no. 2 (March 2007): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.1527.
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Early motherhood and caring for the infant involve a moral ambiguity that is related to the questions of responsibility and vulnerability. By means of the ethics of care, motherhood can be understood as belonging to the moral domain, as relational, and as linked with everyday social situations. The culturally dominant narratives of ‘good mothering’ easily naturalise and normatise maternal agency. This study illustrates the process of adopting responsibility for the infant and the moral ambivalence that is inscribed in early maternal care. The data consist of four interview sessions with each of seven first-time mothers conducted during pregnancy and the first post-natal year. The interviews concentrated on events, relationships, routines, thoughts and feelings related to the mothers’ daily caring for the baby. The women talked about their experiences drawing on two different narratives. The narrative of desirable responsibility unfolded the positive aspects of caring and responsibility for the baby. By means of this narrative, the women were able to give coherence to their lives as new mothers and to narrate the pleasure they felt in taking responsibility for their baby. In contrast, the narrative of maternal vulnerability showed the shadow side of maternal care focusing on the mothers’ tiredness and distress. This narrative embodied ‘moral monitoring’ and ‘epistemological struggles’ between the dominant cultural narratives and the mothers’ personal narratives. The study shows that early mothering is morally laden in two different ways simultaneously. Mothering itself is a moral disposition and practice characterised by ambivalence. The cultural narratives of ‘good mothering’ play a dual role in this process: they tempt women into pursuing intensive mothering, but at the same time they create an elusive moral imperative.
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Laranja, Anselmo Laghi, and João Maurício Adeodato. "DIREITO E MORAL NO ESTADO CONSTITUCIONAL: AUTONOMIA JURÍDICA NA TEORIA SISTÊMICA DE NIKLAS LUHMANN -- LAW AND ETHICS IN CONSTITUTIONAL STATE: JURIDICAL AUTONOMY IN NIKLAS’ SYSTEMIC THEORY." Espaço Jurídico Journal of Law [EJJL] 17, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 449–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18593/ejjl.v17i2.9638.
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No presente artigo, teve-se como objetivo a reflexão acerca da reaproximação entre os valores morais e o Direito a partir da teoria dos sistemas de Niklas Luhmann. Assim, utiliza-se a teoria sistêmica para compreender o fenômeno de positivação dos direitos humanos, que se dizem fruto da natureza humana e anteriores ao próprio sistema jurídico. Pretende-se, com isso, discutir como tem sido essa nova dinâmica do Direito com o meio e até que ponto há perda de sua autonomia (encerramento operativo) e sua diferenciação. Como resultado, reconheceu-se a importância da compreensão que se tem acerca dos princípios jurídicos, aspecto basilar para se saber se os ideais de justiça e dignidade incorporados nos textos jurídicos geraram uma desdiferenciação entre Direito e moral, retirando por completo a autonomia do Direito, ou se geraram um reforço na comunicação entre os dois subsistemas, o que preservaria a diferenciação e, consequentemente, a independência do subsistema do Direito.Palavras-chave: Teoria dos sistemas. Moral. Direitos humanos. Desdiferenciação. Autonomia.
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Boyd, Dwight. "Dominance Concealed through Diversity: Implications of Inadequate Perspectives on Cultural Pluralism." Harvard Educational Review 66, no. 3 (September 1, 1996): 609–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.66.3.312nvrk4682w5145.
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In this article, Dwight Boyd focuses on a dilemma that is at the heart of sincere commitments to cultural pluralism. When the moral aspects of cultural diversity are fully appreciated, the "dilemma of diversity" is revealed as the tension point resulting from the acceptance of the fact of "reasonable moral pluralism" conjoined with the perceived need to morally ground prescriptive intentions to promote cultural diversity within a democratic society. After discussing this dilemma, Boyd analyzes three perspectives commonly found in response. He argues that each of these perspectives is inadequate by revealing how it fails to come to grips with one or the other side of the dilemma, despite its surface appeal. He then shows how, in each of these perspectives, this failure functions to conceal and protect dominant points of view within the diversity. He concludes by sketching out a positive direction for successfully addressing the dilemma of diversity hinted at in the successes and failures of each of the three perspectives.
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Pachuau, Lalrinkimi, and Vanlalchhawna a. "LOGIT MODEL INTERPRETATION OF TRAVEL MODAL CHOICE/ MODAL SPLIT IN AIZAWL CITY." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 02 (February 28, 2021): 990–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12541.
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The subject matter of this study pertains to the population of Aizawl city, Mizoram. The data is based on the usage of public or private transportation by individuals irrespective of their ownership of private vehicles. The sample includes respondents who are teachers,high-school and college teachers taken separately, of all age groups, different educational backgrounds, as also different income levels who are mobile, belonging to Aizawl city and around.The study examines only the demand side factors influencing travel decisions. The supply side aspects, relating to public transports are taken as given. A study of this kind is beneficial to many parties like the government in its policy implication and also to the private entities as it is directed towards reduced travel expense. Insight of the mechanisms of the travel decision process will benefit governments to formulate policies that better address consumers needs in transport. The study will also enable public transport managers to understand their consumers needs preference and psyche. Furthermore, since no study of this nature has been conducted for the city of Aizawl, the present study will contribute to the birth of a recorded empirical work. It will also lead to further, deeper, more significant research in the area.This study attempts to contribute to the understanding of how local public transport demand is affected by different factors. The focus of this study is to examine the cause of preference of public transportation over private or vice versa by passengers. Considering the increased use of public transportation by individuals and especially by those who also own private vehicles, it is important to understand what causes this preference of one means over the other and the personal benefits involved with it. Careful analysis also shows that the respondents prefer private transportation to public. The logit model shows that of the variables affecting transport mode choice by individual among high school teachers that is most significant is accessibility and flexibility of the private transportation. Also the variables affecting transport mode choice by individual among college teachers that is most significant is time issues secondly, accessibility and flexibility of the private transportation which was also observed in the preceding sections of the chapter The small sample size, with little variability across the quantitative variables could be the reason of the low significance, yet high odd ratios.
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Oktris, Lin. "Dampak Modal Intelektual Hijau terhadap Pengungkapan Sukarela Emisi Karbon." Indonesian Journal of Accounting and Governance 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i1.7.
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The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of green intellectual capital on voluntary carbonemissions disclosure in IDX listed non financial companies in 2010-2014 with 40 companies samples.This research focuses on internal aspects side. This research methodology is multiple regressionanalysis. The results show that green intellectual capital have positive effect on voluntary carbonemissions disclosures. The results have contribution in disclosure of carbon emissions research foreducators and stakeholders. The novelty of this research is to analyze new variables such as greenintellectual capital. There are only 40 sample companiesbecause the disclosure of carbon emissions inIndonesia is still voluntary. Because samples only from Indonesia companies so the results cannot begeneralized in ASEAN countries, Forfuture research, researcher can use primary data to measuregreen intellectual capital so that it reflects the perception of the company.
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Farnè, Alessandro, and Elisabetta Làdavas. "Auditory Peripersonal Space in Humans." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14, no. 7 (October 1, 2002): 1030–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892902320474481.
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In the present study we report neuropsychological evidence of the existence of an auditory peripersonal space representation around the head in humans and its characteristics. In a group of right brain-damaged patients with tactile extinction, we found that a sound delivered near the ipsilesional side of the head (20 cm) strongly extinguished a tactile stimulus delivered to the contralesional side of the head (cross-modal auditory-tactile extinction). By contrast, when an auditory stimulus was presented far from the head (70 cm), cross-modal extinction was dramatically reduced. This spatially specific cross-modal extinction was most consistently found (i.e., both in the front and back spaces) when a complex sound was presented, like a white noise burst. Pure tones produced spatially specific cross-modal extinction when presented in the back space, but not in the front space. In addition, the most severe cross-modal extinction emerged when sounds came from behind the head, thus showing that the back space is more sensitive than the front space to the sensory interaction of auditory-tactile inputs. Finally, when cross-modal effects were investigated by reversing the spatial arrangement of cross-modal stimuli (i.e., touch on the right and sound on the left), we found that an ipsilesional tactile stimulus, although inducing a small amount of cross-modal tactile-auditory extinction, did not produce any spatial-specific effect. Therefore, the selective aspects of cross-modal interaction found near the head cannot be explained by a competition between a damaged left spatial representation and an intact right spatial representation. Thus, consistent with neurophysiological evidence from monkeys, our findings strongly support the existence, in humans, of an integrated cross-modal system coding auditory and tactile stimuli near the body, that is, in the peripersonal space.
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Hanik, Elya Umi. "Model Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak Melalui Religious Culture Di Min Blora Dan Mi Taris Pati." At-Thullab : Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah 1, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/atl.v1i1.76.
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Abstrack: The one of problem for student is dcreasing moral, in this case, study akidah akhlak seeks to establish personal morals learners in terms akidah and akhlak. Learning akidah akhlak not only focused on cognitive aspects but also the establishment of affective and psychomotor through religious culture that will ultimately achieve the goal of learning is the formation of the character of the students. This study aims to 1) analyze the application of akidah akhlak learning through religious culture in Islamic Elementary School (MIN) Plosorejo, Blora and Islamic Elementary School Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Winong, Pati. 2) analyze the effects of Akidah Akhlak learning to form the students’ characters through religious culture in Islamic Elementary School (MIN) Plosorejo, Blora and Islamic Elementary School Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Winong, Pati. This research is multi-case qualitative in Islamic Elementary School (MIN) Plosorejo, Blora. And 2) Islamic Elementary School Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Winong, Pati. Data collection was done through deep interviews, documentations, and observations. Some steps used to have data validity involved zealous observation, triangulations, and enough references. The analysis was done by following the data collection steps, data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study included 1)The learning process of Akidah Akhlak was done contextually in the form of well learning whether inside or outside of the class through various learning methods involved modeling, discipline, habit, punishment and reward, and motivation. In the implementation of religious values, these hierarchies of steps were done as follows: creating religious value, speeches and advises, models, habit, extracurricular activity, posters with Hadist or motivating words which were attached to the wall, forming the leader’s soul through religious activity. 2) The effects of Akidah Akhlak learning through religious culture in Islamic Elementary School Plosorejo, Blora and Islamic Elementary School Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Winong, Pati were able to form the students’ characters in the expectation of religious values, independent, communicative, discipline, caring about surrounding, responsible, social care, and willing to know, and secondly to form the students’ achievement in every side of academic.Kaywords: Moral Learning, Students Character, Religious Culture
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Oktris, Lin. "Dampak Modal Intelektual Hijau terhadap Pengungkapan Sukarela Emisi Karbon." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND GOVERNANCE 2, no. 1 (December 11, 2019): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36766/ijag.v2i1.12.
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The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of green intellectual capital on voluntary carbon emissions disclosure in IDX listed non financial companies in 2010-2014 with 40 companies samples. This research focuses on internal aspects side. This research methodology is multiple regression analysis. The results show that green intellectual capital have positive effect on voluntary carbon emissions disclosures. The results have contribution in disclosure of carbon emissions research for educators and stakeholders. The novelty of this research is to analyze new variables such as green intellectual capital. There are only 40 sample companiesbecause the disclosure of carbon emissions in Indonesia is still voluntary. Because samples only from Indonesia companies so the results cannot be generalized in ASEAN countries, Forfuture research, researcher can use primary data to measure green intellectual capital so that it reflects the perception of the company
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Peirce, Anne Griswold, Suzanne Elie, Annie George, Mariya Gold, Kim O’Hara, and Wendella Rose-Facey. "Knowledge development, technology and questions of nursing ethics." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 1 (April 28, 2019): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019840752.
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This article explores emerging ethical questions that result from knowledge development in a complex, technological age. Nursing practice is at a critical ideological and ethical precipice where decision-making is enhanced and burdened by new ways of knowing that include artificial intelligence, algorithms, Big Data, genetics and genomics, neuroscience, and technological innovation. On the positive side is the new understanding provided by large data sets; the quick and efficient reduction of data into useable pieces; the replacement of redundant human tasks by machines, error reduction, pattern recognition, and so forth. However, these innovations require skepticism and critique from a profession whose mission is to care for and protect patients. The promise of technology and the new biological sciences to radically and positively transform healthcare may seem compelling when couched in terms of safety, efficiency, and effectiveness but their role in the provision of ethical nursing care remains uncertain. Given the profound moral and clinical implications of how today’s knowledge is developed and utilized, it is time to reconsider the relationship between ethics and knowledge development in this new uncharted area.
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Bentley, Delia. "Metonymy and Metaphor in the Evolution of Modal Verbs." Modal Verbs in Germanic and Romance Languages 14 (December 31, 2000): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bjl.14.02ben.
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Abstract. The semantic development of the Italo-Romance outcomes of habeo (plus particle) and infinitive does not involve any dramatic changes. The earliest attestations of Sardinian áere a already express prototypical futurity (alongside deontic modality). On the other hand, a number of minimal changes are observed in other varieties. Sicilian aviri a comes to denote subjective epistemic modality and a few postmodal meanings, whilst the periphrasis with da has only extended to epistemic contexts in modern Tuscan. The evolution of the Sicilian structure involves the obliteration of prominent aspects of meaning (metonymy), whereas the development of Tuscan avere da is characterized by a change of domain (metaphor). Metonymy and metaphor, however, might be side-effects of independently motivated changes, which are observed a posteriori. The diachronic findings presented in this work combine easily with the view of unidirectionality proposed by van der Auwera and Plungian (1998).
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Volkhonsky, M. A., and V. M. Mukhanov. "On perspectives of Russian-Georgian dialogue on the issue of reburial of kings Vakhtang VI and Teimuraz II." Journal of International Analytics, no. 2 (June 28, 2016): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2016-0-2-113-126.
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After removal of M. Saakashvili from the Georgian political scene, a progress in relations between Russia and Georgia can be observed. In this context, the wide attention has been drawn to the issue of reburial of the Georgian kings Vakhtang VI and Teimuraz II. The article discusses the negotiation process, lasted from 2002 to 2014, between the Georgian Church and the Russian Church concerning the transfer of the remains of the Georgian kings, as well as the motives, goals and arguments of the parties. An analysis of the negotiations has led to the conclusion that the issue of reburial has two key aspects – political and moral-ethical. The requirement of the Georgian Church to carry the remains of Vakhtang VI and Teimuraz II from Russia to Georgia is part of its overall policy aimed to strengthen its prestige and authority Kin Georgian society. For the Russian side, this action promises nothing more than image losses. As for ethical aspects, the references of the Georgian side to the kings’ will to be buried in their homeland are not supported by authentic documents. At the moment, it remains an open question requiring further research.
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Bedoya Ureña, Jesús. "Controversias por la administración penitenciaria en Costa Rica, en el contexto del hiperencarcelamiento." URVIO. Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad, no. 24 (May 10, 2019): 78–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17141/urvio.24.2019.3787.
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Los últimos 30 años en Costa Rica han estado marcados por una notable contradicción dentro de la administración de la justicia. Aunque las bases axiológicas del Ministerio de Justicia y Paz –encargado de gestionar las prisiones en el país– están asentadas sobre la normativa de los derechos humanos y el modelo progresivo de la pena, estos valores han sido sistemáticamente contrariados debido a la enfática legislación punitiva, la cual ha propiciado que el país destaque en los últimos años entre los cinco de América Latina con mayor tasa de encarcelamiento. Esa notable paradoja marcó un reciente y amplio debate. Durante el periodo 2015-2018, se tomaron una serie de medidas para atenuar la condición de hiperencarcelamiento, tales como los traslados extraordinarios al modelo semiinstitucional. Dichas acciones fueron percibidas por la opinión pública desde el pánico moral y la reafirmación del castigo. Este artículo retoma esa controversia, como un ámbito de análisis sugerente de aspectos complejos como la propia concepción del Estado, el castigo y la justicia.
Abstract
The last thirty years in Costa Rica had been marked by an important contradiction in the aspect of justice administration. Even though the axiological bases of the Ministry of Justice and Peace –institution in charge of the prisons in the country– were raised in the human rights normative and the progressive penalty system, these values have been systematically contradicted due to the emphatic punitive legislation, which has caused the country to stand out in the last years among the five Latin American countries with the higher rate of imprisonment. This notable paradox propitiated a broad debate. Between 2015 and 2018, some measures were implemented to mitigate the condition of hyper-incarceration, like the extraordinary transfers to the semi-institutional (or semi open) model. Such measures were perceived by the public opinion from a moral panic reaction and a vindication of the punishment. This paper recovers that controversy, as a field of analysis suggestive of complex aspects such as the very conception of the State, punishment and justice.
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Lee, Y. Y. "Analysis of the Nonlinear Structural-Acoustic Resonant Frequencies of a Rectangular Tube with a Flexible End Using Harmonic Balance and Homotopy Perturbation Methods." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/391584.
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The structural acoustic problem considered in this study is the nonlinear resonant frequencies of a rectangular tube with one open end, one flexible end, and four rigid side walls A multiacoustic single structural modal formulation is derived from two coupled partial differential equations which represent the large amplitude structural vibration of the flexible end and acoustic pressure induced within the tube. The results obtained from the harmonic balance and homotopy perturbation approaches verified each other. The effects of vibration amplitude, aspect ratio, the numbers of acoustic modes and harmonic terms, and so forth, on the first two resonant natural frequencies, are examined.
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Avezum Jr, Álvaro, Mário Borba, Carla Lantieri, Dalmo Moreira, and Ricardo Bedirian. "ENFERMIDADE MORAL: COMO PENSAMENTOS E SENTIMENTOS INFLUENCIAM A SAÚDE CARDIOVASCULAR." Revista da Sociedade de Cardiologia do Estado de São Paulo 30, no. 3 (October 20, 2020): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29381/0103-8559/20203003315-27.
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A espiritualidade tem sido pesquisada como paradigma para entendimento do adoe-cimento cardiovascular (CV) e intervenção terapêutica em potencial. Como pensamos e sentimos pode estar associado à ocorrência ou não de doença CV. Ela deve ser vista como um aspecto dinâmico e intrínseco da humanidade que, por meio de pensamentos, atitudes, ações e reações nas circunstâncias da vida, faz com que as pessoas procurem significado, propósito e transcendência. A enfermidade refere-se à resposta subjetiva do paciente ao fato de não estar bem mesmo não havendo confirmação laboratorial ou clínica, mas que pode ser avaliada objetivamente por meio de questionários ou escalas. Há correlação com alterações bioquímicas, hormonais ou com desfechos clínicos depen-dendo da intensidade, da condição clínica avaliada ou de período de observação. Existem escalas e questionários para avaliação de enfermidade moral, como por exemplo, gratidão, disposição ao perdão, propósito de vida e otimismo. A espiritualidade está associada independentemente à mortalidade CV, como a disposição ao perdão se associa à doença arterial coronariana, gratidão com melhores desfechos clínicos em insuficiência cardíaca e a raiva está associada com disfunção ventricular e diabetes. As intervenções baseadas em perdão e gratidão têm mostrado benefícios em parâmetros correlacionados com a saúde mental, saúde física e qualidade de vida. Há necessidade de estudos randomizados em pacientes com doença CV que avaliem intervenções baseadas em solidariedade atitudinal sobre a melhora da sobrevida livre de eventos.Cientificamente, podemos enunciar: Quando começamos a adoecer? Inicialmente, teríamos o desequilíbrio espiritual na intimidade de nossa consciência, por causa das escolhas e enfrentamento das situações cotidianas que vivenciamos? Estamos fazendo de nosso ambiente moral nosso campo de pesquisa em Cardiologia e postulando que esse modelo, que inclui a modificação de condutas comportamentais de cunho moral, permitiria a prevenção da doença CV.
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Putri, Zeni Eka, and Azwar Azwar. "Modal Sosial Kelompok Rentan Sebagai Upaya Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)." Jurnal Antropologi: Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya 22, no. 2 (December 13, 2020): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jantro.v22.n2.p236-245.2020.
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Padang City has a low resilience for earthquake and tsunami disaster. Actually, social capital can be used as a strategy for overcoming impacts and efforts to reduce the level of risk of disaster. According to Siegler, social capital has four aspects, there are personal relationships, social network support, civic engagement, and trust and cooperative norms. The research objectives are: 1) Describe the knowledge and experience of vulnerable groups in dealing with disasters (earthquake and tsunami); 2) Identifying vulnerable groups' social capital as a disaster risk reduction (DRR) effort; 3) Describe the opportunities and obstacles/threats in the use of social capital as an effort to disaster risk reduction (DRR). The research method is qualitative with a case study. The location of this research in Pasie Nan Tigo, Koto Tangah District, Padang City. The determination of informants is a purposive sampling technique. This research has 22 informants. The criteria of informants are; 1) Have settled in a red zone area for at least 5 years; 2) The distance between the house and the beach is a maximum radius of 3 km. The results of the research are; 1) Vulnerable groups have the knowledge and experience about disasters; 2) Social groups already have social capital in 4 aspects of social capital such as personal relationships, social networking support, civic engagement, and trust and cooperative norm; 3) Social capital has opportunities and challenges from the internal and external side. Keywords: Social Capital, DRR
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Leenen, H. J. J., and Chris Ciesielski-Carlucci. "Force Majeure (Legal Necessity): Justification for Active Termination of Life in the Case of Severely Handicapped Newborns after Forgoing Treatment." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 2, no. 3 (1993): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100004278.
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The health of newborns has always been subject to the natural lottery. When in the past a severely disabled baby was born, nature provided the “solution,” and the child did not survive. Medical technology has brought about a change; fetuses who would have died during pregnancy or newborns who once would have had little chance to survive are now kept alive. Although these technological advances do benefit many children, the dark side is that more severely handicapped babies are surviving.When a severely disabled baby is born, all persons concerned are faced with emotional difficulties as well as moral and legal dilemmas. Questions that arise include whether it is acceptable, morally and legally, to allow the severely handicapped newborn to die by forgoing treatment or by direct intervention.