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Academic literature on the topic 'Sidérurgie – Pays de l'Union européenne – 1990-2020'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sidérurgie – Pays de l'Union européenne – 1990-2020"
Demailly, Damien. "Compétitivité et fuites de carbone dans l'industrie sous politique climatique asymétrique." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0152.
Full textWithin a close economy, the economic efficiency of a tradable CO2 allowance system is maximum when all allowances are auctioned. Within an open economy, the competitiveness losses and carbon leakage challenge this efficiency for industrial sectors like cement or steel. There are two alternatives: border adjustment and output-based allocation. The former is politically sensitive but economically justified. The economic efficiency of the latter is dubious: there are many uncertainties on the magnitude of potential competitiveness losses and carbon leakage. These uncertainties are due to the lack empirical works on some key parameters and to the weakness of existing modelling works which assess these losses and leakage. Alternative modelling works lead to a better understanding of industrials dynamics but to similarly poor assessment
El, Qadim Nora. "Négocier l'asymétrie : les politiques extérieures européennes au regard des relations entre acteurs marocains et européens du gouvernement des migrations." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0054.
Full textThis dissertation examines Morocco-EU negotiations on migrations since 1999, and specifically since 2003, when both partners started negotiating a readmission agreement. The purpose of such an agreement is to make it easier to deport undocumented migrants. Using a postcolonial approach, this work questions existing analyses of the EU’s external policy and their Eurocentric tendencies. The objective is to pluralize the subjects of international negotiations. The first step towards this objective is to study the historical and institutional complexity of Moroccan as well as European actors. A second important step is to offer a sociological analysis of resistance practices of Moroccan actors to pressures from the EU and European countries. I demonstrate in this work that negotiations, far from being limited to the realm of high politics, are part of the day-to-day practices of administrative actors who are engaged in national and international competition. It through the analysis of everyday contestations that one can understand the agency of Moroccan actors and the ways in which they constantly question the asymmetry of their relationships with European countries
La, Barre Jorge de. "Identités multiples en Europe ? : le cas des lusodescendants en France." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0162.
Full textThis dissertation questions the identities of the Lusodescendents regarding the emergence of multiple identities in Europe. If focuses on the relationship between the identities observed in France and Portugal with the identities of the Lusodescendents, based on the results of a survey of 956 subjects living in the Île-de-France. The first part deals with the effects of European construction of identities ; according to the Eurobarometer data, it categorizes the evolution of identities in Europe during the period 1992-2002. The identities observed in France and Portugal are then more closely analysed, regarding the significance given by the two countries to European construction and migrations. Finally, it attempts to define the convergencies and specificities observed within the European Union, in terms of immigration policies, citizenship and nationality, relating to the national identities. The second part introduces a typology of the forms of identification of the Ludodescendents, wich focuses the analysis on the specific countries. Each type of identification suggest specific forms of valorization of the Portuguese origins, life in France and European construction. The relationd between forms of identities and attitudes, opinions and representations of the Ludodescendents are emphasized, regarding the following points : representations of France and Portugal, opinions concerning the Portuguese community in France and the Portuguese living in Portugal, perception of Portuguese origins, social contacts, values, educational norms, Portuguese language
Shabelnikova, Olga. "Evolution de la politique de l'Union Européenne en Azerbaïdjan : 1991-2014." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG047.
Full textThe PhD thesis considers the European Union’s policy towards the Republic of Azerbaijan (1991-2014). It studies the evolution of the EU - Azerbaijan relationship and the main factors that influence on its dynamics. Special attention is given to the main programs of the cooperation - the «European Neighborhood Policy» and the «Eastern Partnership». The main documents regulating the relations are reviewed
Giuashvili, Teona. "Understanding security policies of the EU and Russia in the "shared neighbourhood" : the case of Georgia." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0057.
Full textThe present dissertation aims to study the strategic role of the EU beyond its borders, explain and assess the security policy that the Union has pursued towards its Eastern neighboring countries for more than two decades since the early 1990s with a particular focus on Georgia. The overall objective is to examine to what extent and how the EU - an area of peace and security - has been able to become a security actor in its Eastern neighborhood, extending peace and providing stability beyond its borders in view of security policy of another main actor seeking to increase its power projection in the regional security complex, Russia. From one side, a number of empirical questions inquire the substance of EU’s security role through exploring its main characteristics, and providing an understanding of how the EU functions as a security actor and explaining its particularity. From another side, the study is interested in the effectiveness of EU’s policy to contribute to Georgia’s security. It is in the 'shared neighborhood' that the incompatibility between the interests and political instruments of the EU and Russia becomes apparent - actors with contrasting identities an power natures, who provide opposing security models for the future of the region. To explore the EU and Russia as security actors in Georgia and get a better grip on the empirical meaning of their roles and implications of their policies on the region, this study questions the main aspects that have intervened in the conception of security roles by the EU and Russia, and their performance - the factors that have contributed or restrained the effectiveness of security role of the EU and Russia
Domingos, Nicole de Paula. "Brazil as an EU strategic partner : a shared preference for multilateralism ?" Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0035.
Full textThe economic and political empowerment of a select group of countries, notably China, India, and Brazil, stimulated a new agenda of research among International Relations scholars and inspired the notion of "rising powers." With a multilateral malaise, evident through a significant number of deadlocked international negotiations (i.e. trade, climate change), and the emergence of influential South-South coalitions, analyses that could understand the effects of these new voices became pressing. To explore the shifting conditions of multilateral cooperation under a scenario of blurred leadership and contested authority, this research departs from the case of Brazil and the Brazil-EU strategic partnership. The goal is to grasp the realities of multilateral norm building from the perspective of a rising power and through its relations with an established power that is highly interested in the promotion of a rule-based order. To accomplish this task, this thesis analyzes the rationale behind the strategic partnership, as well as Brazil's diplomatic negotiating behavior mostly during the era of President Lula (2003-2010) in three specific policy areas: trade, sustainable development and security. This analysis develops in perspective to the EU's viewpoint on each of the selected issues. From an empirical stance, I claim that there is a pattern in the Brazil-EU diplomatic behavior in which the promotion of multilateralism as a norm is indeed a reality. However, after looking at a number of case studies, it became clear that this convergence and preference has significant shortcomings. The thesis argues that Brazil and the EU are strategic partners without a strategy. One central reason for this is that it became harder and harder for the established powers to convince Brazil that it should follow the rules shaped notably by the EU and the US. This research has the merit to foster knowledge on the driving forces of global interactions and interdependencies in an era of power transition
Ravinel, Chantal de. "Acteurs et recomposition d'un territoire agricole : exemple d'une région de moyenne montagnes : les Combrailles." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF20007.
Full textFlipo, Aurore. "Les nouvelles migrations de travail intra-européennes : jeunes Polonais et Roumains au Royaume-Uni et en Espagne." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0052.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the definition and the characterization of “new” labor migrations within Europe. Based on a comparative analysis of young Polish and Romanian migrants in the United-Kingdom and in Spain, it uses both statistical data and qualitative analysis of migrants’ interviews. The analysis of patterns of migration within the European space shows that the diversity of national profiles can be explained by the convergence of an integrated but unequal economic space on one hand, and the rise of new intranational inequalities regarding the labor market, on the other hand. The analysis based on the countries of destination (the United-Kingdom and Spain) shows that labor market segmentation is still prevailing. It suggests that the transnational and sector-based approach is necessary to fully explain and identify globalised labor markets. The analysis also investigates the social process of segmentation and its impact on migrants’ occupational mobility, or the lack thereof. It shows that chances of mobility depend mainly on individual resources reflecting the social origin of migrants. Finally, the analysis of the links between professional integration, entry into adulthood and mobility suggests that mobility is also a kind of uncertainty, both time-related and space-related. As a conclusion, the study reveals the necessity of distinguishing between mobility practices, characterized by a growing diversity and distinct social uses in the transformed international field of free mobility; and contemporary labor migrations as a social fact, which includes in part intra-european migrations
Yoon, Seock-Jun. "Europe in the North Korean crisis (1995-2009) : a multi-track diplomacy approach." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IEPP0009.
Full textThis thesis aims at exploring the role of Europe in the North Korean crisis during the period from 1995 to 2009. We posit that the undervalued profile of Europe in this crisis in the previous research is mainly due to the realist, state-centred and EU-centred bias of mainstream research, overlooking the overall role of multiple European actors. While the term ‘Europe’ in this thesis is operationalized to refer to a set of multiple European actors, including not only the EU and the EU Member States but also the non-EU European states and the European NSAs, we propose a new analytical framework – European Multi-Track diplomacy – to re-examine the role of Europe in this crisis. Within this framework, we investigate whether the ‘multiplicity’ of European actors, as a distinguishing feature from other international actors in this crisis, is a comparative advantage for Europe to influence this crisis by raising three research sub-questions concerning actors, relationships and influence. For this, a qualitative case study, divided into two sub-cases in a case-within-a case approach is conducted as follows: Europe in the North Korean nuclear crisis; Europe in the North Korean humanitarian crisis. The conclusion drawn from these two sub-case studies is that the European Multi-Track diplomacy based on the multiplicity of European actors made it possible for Europe to influence the North Korean crisis. The different ways of interactions and relationships among multiple European actors, particularly between Track One and Track Two actors, in the North Korean nuclear and humanitarian crises are correlated with the different results of European influence to these two crises
Bros, Aurélie. "Good bye Ukraine ! : How does Gazprom aim to ensure the security of demand in a context where Europe is reshaping its energy architecture ?" Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010582.
Full textThe history of Gazprom is a series of constant adaptations – with varying degrees of success – to both European market conditions and the format of dialogue with all parties involved in the gas business across the continent. The company thrived during the 1990s and the 2000s in an environment where the main characteristics of the former model were retained. At the same time, Gazprom constantly seized any new opportunity which was offered by the liberalization and opening up of national gas markets. This has not prevented the company from encountering a few difficulties, illustrating that adaptation can be difficult from time to time. Gazprom is facing structural challenges that have been of particular concern over the last few years. The major difficulty is that this occurs at a time when the wider EU-Russia energy dialogue is highly fraught due to severe tensions which are more broadly affecting the dialogue between the European Union and the Russian Federation