Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sidewalk stamps

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  1. Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Sidewalk stamps'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sidewalk stamps"

1

Blumenberg, Evelyn, and Renia Ehrenfeucht. "Civil Liberties and the Regulation of Public Space: The Case of Sidewalks in Las Vegas." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 40, no. 2 (2008): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a37429.

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Conflicts over the nature of and rights associated with public space have a long history and have prompted numerous regulatory responses. Perhaps nowhere in the USA has the regulation of public space been as far-reaching as in Las Vegas, Nevada, where the financial stakes associated with sidewalks are enormous. This study examines how local officials mediate among varied and competing uses of the sidewalk. In defining the function of the sidewalks narrowly and passively deferring questions of civil liberties, local officials have effectively controlled almost all aspects of public behavior. In recent years, cities have invested in major commercial realization projects. Evidence from this case study suggests that, if successful, these developments will engender more extensive regulation of public life and the further curtailment of the freedoms traditionally guaranteed to citizen activity in public places.
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2

Kvitchuk, Anatoly. "Ensuring road safety: the main stages of institutionalization in Russia." Vestnik of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2021, no. 2 (2021): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35750/2071-8284-2021-2-41-49.

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The article is devoted to the historical and legal study of the development and formation of the road safety system, the regularity of its development, legal regulation, especially during the period of motorization of the Russian Empire, and then the Soviet Republic, when the legislator set the tasks of ensuring road safety in a concrete form. Their consolidation in normative legal acts was of a casual nature, for example: avoid riding horses and bicycles on sidewalks; observe that painters with tubs, buckets and other accessories, hand carts and sleds, do not walk on the sidewalks, but follow the roads, obeying the general order of traffic on the street; not allowed to play balls, and similar games in the street in front of the houses, to fly kites, to wear uncovered mirrors so as not to frighten horses, to clutter the sidewalks with barrels, tar boxes, and firewood, and to prevent peddlers and merchants from blocking the free passage on the bridge and the passage on the sidewalk with their trays.
 The international experience of traffic regulation was used. Special attention was paid to the training of the driver’s staff. The propaganda of road safety of the Soviet society was widely introduced in all spheres of life, and then became part of the ideological education of the Soviet person. New «Traffic rules on the streets of cities, settlements and roads of the USSR» were approved. The State Traffic Inspectorate was reformed and new technologies were introduced into its activities, control and supervision of traffic was improved with the use of technical means and innovative technologies, which certainly affected a significant reduction in accidents in Russia.
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3

LIN, WENXIAN, S. W. ARMFIELD, and JOHN C. PATTERSON. "Cooling of aPr<1 fluid in a rectangular container." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 574 (February 15, 2007): 85–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112006003703.

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The flow behaviour associated with the cooling of an initially quiescent isothermal Newtonian fluid with Prandtl numberPrless than unity in a rectangular container by unsteady natural convection with an imposed lower temperature on vertical sidewalls is investigated by scaling analysis and direct numerical simulation. The flow is dominated by two distinct stages of development. i.e the boundary-layer development stage adjacent to the sidewall and the subsequent cooling-down stage. The first stage can be further divided into a start-up stage, transitional stage, and steady-state stage. The parameters characterizing the flow behaviour are the boundary-layer thickness, the maximum vertical velocity within the boundary layer, the time for the boundary layer to reach the steady state, the Nusselt number across the sidewall at the boundary-layer development stage, the time for the fluid in the container to be fully cooled down, and the average fluid temperature over the whole volume of the container.
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4

Basiuk, Vladimir A., and Maria Bassiouk. "Nanoassembly of meso-Tetraphenylporphines on Surfaces of Carbon Materials: Initial Steps as Studied by Molecular Mechanics and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 1 (2008): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18126.

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We employed MM+ molecular mechanical modeling and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in order to analyze the initial steps of nanoassembly of meso-tetraphenylporphine H2 TPP and its cobalt(II) complex CoTPP on the surface of highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). According to the MM+ results, monolayer H2 TPP adsorption is more favorable energetically than the formation of porphyrin stacks on both graphite and nanotube sidewall; the formation of parallel interacting chains of H2 TPP on graphite is more preferable than the growth of long single chains; and the assembly into a long-period helixis favored versus the formation of a short-period helixon SWNT sidewall. STM observations of CoTPP complex deposited onto bare HOPG and onto the graphite with deposited SWNTs are consistent with theoretical results. At the same time, both CoTPP single chains and ribbons were observed on HOPG. The formation of short-period helices on the nanotube sidewalls was concluded to be more likely than the long-period helical nanoassembly.
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5

Kesters, Els, Q. T. Le, I. Simms, K. Nafus, H. Struyf, and S. De Gendt. "Wet Removal of Post-Etch Residues by a Combination of UV Irradiation and a SC1 Process." Solid State Phenomena 195 (December 2012): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.195.114.

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In back-end of line processing (BEOL), the polymer deposited on the dielectric sidewalls during the etch process must be removed prior to subsequent processing steps to achieve high adhesion and good coverage of materials deposited in the etched features [1, . Typically, this is done by a combination of a short plasma treatment and a diluted wet clean, or by wet cleans alone. On the one hand, for porous dielectric stacks, a mild plasma treatment that preserves the integrity of the low-k dielectrics would not be sufficient to effectively remove this residue. With regard to wet clean, diluted aqueous solutions (e.g. HF-based) are not efficient for polymer removal without etching the underlying dielectric to lift off the polymer, leading to unacceptable critical dimension (CD) loss. In addition, analytical techniques available for direct characterization of sidewall residues are limited. For a fast screening of potential chemistries capable of dissolving/removing polymer residues generated during the low-k etch, a model fluoropolymer was deposited on a blanket, checkerboard low-k substrate. The present study mainly focused on the characterization of model polymer after deposition (as-deposited) and after immersion in aqueous and solvent-based cleaning solutions. The polymer removal efficiency was influenced/ improved by UV treatments prior to wet clean processes. In the second part of the study, selected UV treatment conditions and cleaning solutions were applied to low-k patterned structures using Angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS) to characterize the dielectric sidewall before and after UV modification and the subsequent cleaning process.
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6

Oh, Seung Hun, Sang Uk Cho, Chang Seok Kim, Young Geun Han, Cheon-Soo Cho, and Myung Yung Jeong. "Fabrication of nickel stamp with improved sidewall roughness for optical devices." Microelectronic Engineering 88, no. 9 (2011): 2900–2907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2011.03.021.

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7

BEWLEY, W. W., C. S. KIM, M. KIM та ін. "HIGH-PERFORMANCE INTERBAND CASCADE LASERS FOR λ = 3-4.5 μm". International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 21, № 01 (2012): 1250014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156412500140.

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We discuss the single-mode performance characteristics of midwave-infrared interband cascade lasers. Broad-area devices with 5 active stages display pulsed threshold current densities as low as 375 A/cm2 and threshold power densities as low as 920 W/cm2 at room temperature, owing in part to the suppression of Auger recombination. Narrow ridges were processed using optical lithography to incorporate a periodically-corrugated pattern into the sidewalls. The corrugations are intended to suppress lasing in higher-order lateral modes, and also provide a 4th-order grating for distributed feedback. A corrugated-sidewall device operating at T = -20° C produced more than 46 mW of cw output in a single spectral mode, with a peak wallplug efficiency of 7.6%. The device maintains single-mode operation at current densities up to 10 times the lasing threshold, and the single-mode tuning range is 26 nm if both current and temperature are varied. Another device operating at -23°C produces up to 31 mW of single-mode power in the 3.3142-3.3164 μm range that spans several of the strongest absorption signature lines for methane.
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8

Zhu, Weimo, and Miyoung Lee. "Invariance of Wearing Location of Omron-BI Pedometers: A Validation Study." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 7, no. 6 (2010): 706–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.7.6.706.

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Background:The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability evidences of the Omron BI pedometer, which could count steps taken even when worn at different locations on the body.Methods:Forty (20 males and 20 females) adults were recruited to walk wearing 5 sets, 1 set at a time, of 10 BI pedometers during testing, 1 each at 10 different locations. For comparison, they also wore 2 Yamax Digi-Walker SW-200 pedometers and a Dynastream AMP 331 activity monitor. The subjects walked in 3 free-living conditions: a fat sidewalk, stairs, and mixed conditions.Results:Except for a slight decrease in accuracy in the pant pocket locations, Omron BI pedometers counted steps accurately across other locations when subjects walked on the fat sidewalk, and the performance was consistent across devices and trials. When the subjects climbed up stairs, however, the absolute error % of the pant pocket locations increased significantly (P &lt; .05) and similar or higher error rates were found in the AMP 331 and SW-200s.Conclusions:The Omron BI pedometer can accurately count steps when worn at various locations on the body in free-living conditions except for front pant pocket locations, especially when climbing stairs.
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9

Gu, Lei, Xinxin Li, Haifei Bao, et al. "Single-wafer-processed nano-positioning XY-stages with trench-sidewall micromachining technology." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 16, no. 7 (2006): 1349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0960-1317/16/7/032.

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10

Foster, M. R., and R. J. Munro. "The linear spin-up of a stratified, rotating fluid in a square cylinder." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 712 (September 14, 2012): 7–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.402.

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AbstractHere we present experimental and theoretical results for how a stratified fluid, initially rotating as a solid body with constant angular velocity, $\Omega $, within a closed cylinder of square cross-section, is spun up when subject to a small, impulsive increase, $ \mrm{\Delta} \Omega $, in the cylinder’s rotation rate. The fluid’s adjustment to the new state of solid rotation can be characterized by: (a) an inviscid, horizontal starting flow which conserves the vorticity of the initial condition; (b) the eruption of Ekman layer fluid from the perimeter region of the cylinder’s base and lid; (c) horizontal-velocity Rayleigh layers that grow into the interior from the container’s sidewalls; and (d) the formation and decay of columnar vortices in the vertical corner regions. Asymptotic results describe the inviscid starting flow, and the subsequent interior spin-up that occurs due to the combined effects of Ekman suction through the base and lid Ekman layers, and the growth of the sidewall Rayleigh layers. Attention is focused on the flow development over the spin-up time scale ${T}_{s} = {E}^{\ensuremath{-} 1/ 2} {\Omega }^{\ensuremath{-} 1} $, where $E$ is the Ekman number. (The spin-up process over the much longer diffusive time scale, ${T}_{d} = {E}^{\ensuremath{-} 1} {\Omega }^{\ensuremath{-} 1} $, is not considered here.) Experiments were performed using particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) to measure horizontal velocity components at fixed heights within the flow interior and at regular stages during the spin-up period. The velocity data obtained are shown to be in excellent agreement with the asymptotic theory.
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