Journal articles: 'Sierra Leone – Religion'

1

Holmes, Daniel J. "Religion, Tradition, and Restorative Justice in Sierra Leone." Journal for Peace and Justice Studies 27, no. 2 (2017): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/peacejustice201727216.

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Winterdyk, John. "Religion, tradition, and restorative justice in Sierra Leone." International Journal of Restorative Justice 2, no. 2 (September 2019): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/ijrj/258908912019002002018.

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Bailey, Mohamed. "Differential Fertility by Religious Group in Rural Sierra Leone." Journal of Biosocial Science 18, no. 1 (January 1986): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000006519.

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SummaryThis study examines the influence of Islam and Christianity (Catholicism and Protestantism) on fertility in rural Sierra Leone. Analyses using number of children ever born and number of living children for currently married women of childbearing ages 15–49 as measures of fertility show that Muslim fertility is lower than either Catholic or Protestant fertility net of relevant demographic and socioeconomic variables.The interaction between wife's educational level and her religious affiliation was statistically significant for number of children ever born but not for number of living children. Religion is shown to be an important factor in differentiating fertility behaviour at different educational levels. Among wives with no schooling, differences in religion lead to small fertility differentials; among those with primary or higher education, the fertility differentials are substantial.

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Jedrej, M. C., and Anthony J. Gittins. "Mende Religion: Aspects of Belief and Thought in Sierra Leone." Man 25, no. 2 (June 1990): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2804599.

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Shaw, Rosalind, and Anthony J. Gittins. "Mende Religion. Aspects of Belief and Thought in Sierra Leone." Journal of Religion in Africa 21, no. 3 (August 1991): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1580828.

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Labonte, Melissa. "Religion, Tradition, and Restorative Justice in Sierra Leone. By Lyn S. Graybill." Journal of Church and State 61, no. 2 (2019): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcs/csz011.

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Lebbie, Aiah, Richard Wadsworth, Janette Saidu, and Camilla Bangura. "Predictors of Hypertension in a Population of Undergraduate Students in Sierra Leone." International Journal of Hypertension 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8196362.

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We report on the first survey of hypertension in undergraduates in Sierra Leone. Levels of hypertension (12%) and obesity (4%) appear low compared to the general population but given the rapid increase of both and the expectation that many graduates will enter the formal employment sector and a sedentary lifestyle, there is still cause for concern. We measured their BMI (body mass index) and used a questionnaire to investigate demographic and lifestyle choices. In agreement with most authorities, we found that BMI and age were statistically significant predictors of systolic and diastolic blood pressure but that the explanatory power was low (r=0.21 to 0.27). Men may be more sensitive than women to an increase in BMI on blood pressure (p<0.1). We failed to find statistically significant relationships with ethnicity, religion, stress, course of study, levels of physical activity, diet, smoking, or consumption of caffeine and alcohol. Family history of hypertension, consumption of red palm oil, and self-diagnosed attacks of typhoid fever were close to conventional levels of significance (p<0.1). We intend to use this as a baseline for longitudinal studies to assess risks and suggest appropriate public health action.

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Naz, Lubna, and Kamalesh Kumar Patel. "Determinants of infant mortality in Sierra Leone: applying Cox proportional hazards model." International Journal of Social Economics 47, no. 6 (May 30, 2020): 711–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-08-2019-0478.

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PurposeThe aim of this paper is to examine biological, maternal and socioeconomic determinants of infant mortality in Sierra Leone.Design/methodology/approachIt uses an analytical framework and Cox proportional hazards regression to break down the effects of factors determining infant mortality. Factors utilized in the empirical investigation include sex of the child, birth size, birth spacing, mother's working status, age of mother, antenatal care, postnatal care, mother's anemia level, religion, mother's education and wealth status.FindingsResults suggest that birth spacing of three years and above associated with a reduced risk of infant mortality contrasted with short birth intervals. Children born to nonanemic mothers have a lower hazard (22%) of infant mortality compared to those born to anemic mothers (HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.64–0.96). At least one antenatal care visit by mothers lowers infant mortality rate by 41% compared to no antenatal visits at all ( HR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.36–0.96). Similarly, infants whose mothers have received postnatal care are at lower risk (31%) of dying than those whose mothers have not received (HR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.93). Infant mortality is likely to decrease with the increase in the birth order.Practical implicationsThe family health and planning programs should aim at educating men and women about the usefulness of birth spacing methods.Originality/valueThis paper might be the first attempt to analyze the determinants of infant mortality by utilizing a methodological framework and Cox regression.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-08-2019-0478.

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Kallander, Samantha Watters, Rebecca Gordon, and Dina L. G. Borzekowski. "“People Will Continue to Suffer If the Virus Is Around”: A Qualitative Analysis of Sub-Saharan African Children’s Experiences during the COVID-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (May 25, 2021): 5618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115618.

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Children are particularly impressionable and at risk during a global public health crisis, making it important to examine their unique perspectives. To hear and understand sub-Saharan African children’s experiences with the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted an exploratory qualitative analysis based on interviews with 51 children, ages 9 to 13, from Nigeria, Tanzania, and Sierra Leone. Applying the organization of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, we reveal how COVID-19 affected children’s daily lives and domestic challenges, schooling and neighborhood issues, media use (and its relationship to knowledge and fear of the disease), perceptions of the country and government response, and thoughts of religion and hope. Children’s responses differed greatly, but patterns emerged across sex, age, household size, religion, and country. This study offers guidance and recommendations for meeting the needs of children, especially in times of crisis.

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Kakay., Sheku, and James Mulkeen. "A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF RELIGION ON COLLECTIVIST FAMILIES’ MEAL SOCIAL INTERACTION BEHAVIOUR IN SIERRA LEONE." International Journal of Advanced Research 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2017): 2675–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/3060.

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11

Kamara, Alhaji Bakar. "The Influence of Wharfs on School Children: A Case Study of Portee Wharf in Freetown, Sierra Leone." Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 2, no. 3 (September 23, 2019): 128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ajir19311.

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The focus of this research is to investigate the influence of wharfs on school children. Therefore it will report the findings of the result on the influences of wharfs on school children with specific case on Portee Wharf in Freetown, Sierra Leone in West Africa. In this regard, the introduction describes the research area, stating the statement of the problem, the overall goal and specific objectives that will be attained in this study, justification for selecting the topic, problems to be encountered during the course of carrying out this research and major influences. Besides, an indication of the methods used to investigate the topic will also be highlighted. Moreover, the studies will analyze the actual responses of the respondents of the activities of the wharf on school-going children. It will address the questionnaire in accordance with the following: Background information of respondents, this investigated areas such as sex, age, religion, occupation and tribe; It enquires about the activities of the wharfs, reasons and consequences of children engaged in wharfs and strategies to control problems that may emanate from the wharf. The paper will show the findings, gives the summary, conclusion and recommendations of problems identified while carrying out the research.

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12

Mazumder, Tanmoy. "Exploring the Eurocentric Heart: A Postcolonial Reading of Graham Greene’s The Heart of the Matter." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 8 (August 30, 2021): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.8.17.

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A literary text can be a propagator of values- both explicitly and implicitly. As Edward Said claims in his book, Orientalism (1978), for centuries Eurocentrism pervades Western literary pieces; they somehow justify and/or uplift European values and perspectives as superior ones while portraying lands, people and cultures of the colonized nations elsewhere, especially in the East. Sometimes, it may become more oblique as the apparent issues dominating the text seem to be something very different, but the writing, however, in the undercurrent, portrays things in a Eurocentric way, often by “othering” the non-Europeans. Said famously terms, this process of creation of an alter ego of the West in the East as “Orientalism”. Graham Greene’s novel, The Heart of the Matter (1948), set in West Africa’s Sierra Leone, a then British colony during WWII, summons rethinking of its presentation of the non-White people and the land of Africa. This study would like to take the focus away from the dominating themes of religion, sin, pity, mercy, responsibility, love, etc. in this piece of fiction to assess its underlying colonial issues which often go unnoticed. The novel portrays a variety of characters- both the British colonizers and the colonial subjects- though the roles and space occupied by the non-British characters are mostly marginal. The “Whites” are portrayed sympathetically, whereas the “non-Whites” are presented as evil, naïve, weak and mystic. This study, thus, argues that the portrayal of Africa (Sierra Leone), the Africans, and the major “non-White” characters in the novel, in contrast to the empathetic presentation of the major “White” European characters, indicate an obvious “othering” of “non-Whites” and the marginalization of non-Europeans in the narrative of the novel. The paper further opines that this process of “othering” and marginalization underlines the operation of an underlying Eurocentric attitude in the representation of the Europeans and non-Europeans in Greene’s fiction.

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13

Shaw, Rosalind. "GITTINS, Anthony J., Mende Religion. Aspects of belief and thought in Sierra Leone, Nettetal, Steyler Verlag, 1987, 258 pp., 3 8050 0171 1." Journal of Religion in Africa 21, no. 3 (1991): 286–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006691x00096.

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14

Hair, P. E. H. "Franciscan Missionaries and the 1752 `Donation of Sierra Leone'." Journal of Religion in Africa 30, no. 4 (2000): 408–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006600x00393.

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AbstractThe Franciscan mission to western Guinea between the 1660s and the late eighteenth century operated, from its Bissau centre, a 'Mission to Sierra Leone', whose priests occasionally reached the territory of modern Sierra Leone. Contact was made with the Afro-Portuguese resident in the Sierra Leone estuary, particularly with the Lopes family, and in 1752 a leading member was encouraged to make a 'Donation of Sierra Leone' to the Portuguese crown. This had little meaning and no effect. Hardly anything else is known about the local missionary activities, partly because of the decay of the general mission, but scraps of information about the Catholicism of the Afro-Portuguese appear in Portuguese and English sources.

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Richards, Paul. "Anthony J. Gittins, Mende Religion: aspects of belief and thought in Sierra Leone, Studia Instituti Anthropos v. 41. (Nettetal, Federal Republic of Germany: Steyler Verlag—Wort und Werk, 1987, 258 pp., DM 65." Africa 59, no. 2 (April 1989): 259–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160513.

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16

Mouser, Bruce. "Origins of Church Missionary Society Accommodation to Imperial Policy: The Sierra Leone Quagmire and the Closing of the Susu Mission, 1804-17." Journal of Religion in Africa 39, no. 4 (2009): 375–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/002242009x12537559494278.

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AbstractA series of events in 1807 changed the mission of the early Church Missionary Society in Sierra Leone from one that was designed initially and solely to spread the Christian message in the interior of West Africa to one that included service to the Colony of Sierra Leone. Before 1807, the Society had identified the Susu language as the appointed language to be used in its conversion effort, and it intended to establish an exclusively Susu Mission—in Susu Country and independent of government attachment—that would prepare a vanguard of African catechists and missionaries to carry that message in the Susu language. In 1807, however, the Society's London-based board and the missionaries then present at Sierra Leone made a strategic shift of emphasis to accept government protection and support in return for a bargain of government service, while at the same time continuing with earlier and independent goals of carrying the message of Christianity to native Africans. That choice prepared the Society and its missionaries within a decade to significantly increase the Society's role in Britain's attempt to bring civilization, commerce and Christianity to the continent, and to do it within the confines of imperial policy.

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17

Hair, P. E. H. "Christian Influences in Sierra Leone Before 1787." Journal of Religion in Africa 27, no. 1-4 (1997): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006697x00027.

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Bosco Bangura, Joseph. "Charismatic Movements, State Relations and Public Governance in Sierra Leone." Studies in World Christianity 23, no. 3 (December 2017): 237–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/swc.2017.0194.

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Sierra Leone has seen the rise of Charismatic movements that are bringing about greater levels of co-operation with the state. This new church development aims at renewing the Christian faith and projecting a more proactive role towards public governance. This ecclesial development shows that African Pentecostal/Charismatic theology appears to be moving away from the perceived isolationist theology that once separated the church from involvement with the rest of society. By reapplying the movement's eschatological beliefs, Charismatics are presenting themselves as moral crusaders who regard it as their responsibility to transform public governance. The article probes this relationship so that the Charismatic understanding of poverty, prosperity, good governance and socio-economic development in Sierra Leone can be more clearly established.

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Hair, P. E. H. "Franciscan Missionaries and the 1752 'Donation of Sierra Leone'." Journal of Religion in Africa 30, no. 4 (November 2000): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1581582.

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Archibald, Steven, and Paul Richards. "Converts to Human Rights? Popular Debate About War and justice in Rural Central Sierra Leone." Africa 72, no. 3 (August 2002): 339–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2002.72.3.339.

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AbstractInternationally, war in Sierra Leone (1991–2002) is regarded as an instance of violent conflict driven by economic factors (attempts to control the mining of alluvial diamonds). Fieldwork (2000–01) in rural areas recovering from war suggests a very different picture. War victims and combatants from different factions stress the importance of political decay, corruption, injustice and the social exclusion of young people. Other studies confirm the picture. There is broadly based discussion in rural communities about how to address the injustices held to have been responsible for the war. It seems in line with wider debate about human rights. Are people being converted to international ideals? Applying a neo-Durkheimian perspective, the article shows that this discourse about rights is a product of local social changes brought about by the war itself. The article concludes by asking how it might be consolidated by rights-oriented reconstruction activity. Human rights in Sierra Leone are as much a local development as an imposed change. In this respect the study confirms the importance of local agency already argued by anthropologists who have studied the process of conversion to world religions.

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Tully, James J. "THE PLACE OF ISLAMIC LAW IN SIERRA LEONE." Muslim World 84, no. 3-4 (October 1994): 300–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.1994.tb03603.x.

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Catron, John W. "Evangelical Networks in the Greater Caribbean and the Origins of the Black Church." Church History 79, no. 1 (February 24, 2010): 77–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640709991375.

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Henry Beverhout looked out over the West African village of Freetown in 1792 with misgivings. From his own experience and from the complaints he received from other townspeople, he now recognized that the black men and women of Sierra Leone were not being afforded the equal treatment they had been promised. Exploited and discriminated against for most of their lives by white masters in America, these expatriates had arrived in West Africa determined to chart a new course for themselves. But the path to economic, civil, and religious freedom was littered with obstacles. They soon encountered problems with white Sierra Leone Company officials over low pay, high prices, and the slow pace at which land was apportioned to the new settlers. Just as important, the black émigrés were dismayed by the company's system of justice, whose juries Beverhout said did not “haven aney of our own Culler in” them. Having absorbed the British and American legal traditions of trial by a jury of one's peers, he demanded that in any “trial thear should be a jurey of both white and black and all should be equal.” Going even further, he then made the explosive claim that “we have a wright to Chuse men that we think proper to act for us in a reasnenble manner.”

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Stanley, Brian. "Andrew Finlay Walls (1928–2021)." International Bulletin of Mission Research 45, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23969393211043591.

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Andrew Walls, a pioneering historian of Christian missions, was the architect of the study of World Christianity. Trained as a patristic scholar, he went to Sierra Leone in 1957 to teach at Fourah Bay College. There and at the University of Nsukka in Nigeria (1962–66) he became a student of the growing churches of Africa. At the Universities of Aberdeen and Edinburgh (1966–97), he became a scholar of renown, establishing the Centre for the Study of Christianity in the Non-Western World, and supervising students who became leaders in church and academy. His legacy is preserved in institutions across the globe, a host of articles, and his former students.

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D’Angelo, Lorenzo. "Alusine Jalloh, Muslim Fula Business Elites and Politics in Sierra Leone." Islamic Africa 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21540993-01101005.

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Shaw, Rosalind. "The Politician and the Diviner: Divination and the Consumption of Power in Sierra Leone." Journal of Religion in Africa 26, no. 1 (1996): 30–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006696x00343.

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Fape, Michael O. "National Anglican Identity Formation: An African Perspective." Journal of Anglican Studies 6, no. 1 (June 2008): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740355308091383.

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ABSTRACTAfrica played a prominent role in the formation of earliest Christianity not least in the persons of Cyprian of Carthage and Augustine of Hippo. The Anglican heritage is considered through the experience of the Yoruba people in south-west Nigeria through whom christian faith came to the rest of Nigeria. The Anglicanism which came to the Yoruba was evangelical through the Church Missionary Society, though a key role was played by liberated slaves from Sierra Leone. Contexts in which the gospel is proclaimed and the way it is expressed may change, yet the contents of the gospel do not. A contextualized curriculum thus includes key courses such as biblical studies and systematic theology. It also includes contextual subjects such as African traditional religions and Islam and Christianity. The Church of Nigeria has thus undertaken a thorough review of the curriculum to adequately represent this kind of contextualized theology.

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Njagi, Catherine Wambugu. "Combating Civil Wars in Africa." Jumuga Journal of Education, Oral Studies, and Human Sciences (JJEOSHS) 4, no. 1 (May 10, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35544/jjeoshs.v4i1.34.

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The Twentieth and twenty first centuries have been described as the age of anxiety. This is largely due to the many civil wars and conflicts that have been prevalent in our contemporary world, and especially with special reference to Africa which is the worst hit. In particular, armed conflicts been witnessed in Angola, Ethiopia Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia and Sudan among others. Equally, civil wars have been witnessed in Angola, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Somalia and Sudan. Sadly, some of these States are at the verge of collapse due to the effect of these unfortunate civil wars and conflicts. Other countries that were affected by civil or ethnic conflicts, albeit at lower levels include: Burundi, Cameroon, Kenya, Nigeria, Togo, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Chad, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Malawi, Senegal, and South Africa. The latter has witnessed xenophobic attacks, especially in May 2008. Terrorism activities have also Increased, as it continues to create tensions among nations, religions, tribes and so on. To this end, this article seeks to explore the causes of civil wars and conflicts in Africa, that bleeds poverty on a mass scale. How can the church participate in curbing these wars and conflicts, and eventually usher-in sanity in these troubled waters? In its methodology, this article strives to redefine war and discusses the characteristics of modern warfare. Through an extensive review of relevant literature, the article has also attempted to explore the place of individual persons, the nation-states and the international network systems in combating civil wars; and lastly, it has endeavored to show the contribution of the church in wrestling out all forms of conflicts in the Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Shaw, Rosalind, and P. E. H. Hair. "An Interim Translation of Manual Alvares S.J., Etiopia Menor e Descripcao Geografica da Provincia da Serra Leoa [c. 1615] ('Ethiopia Minor and a Geographical Account of the Province of Sierra Leone')." Journal of Religion in Africa 24, no. 2 (May 1994): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1581335.

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Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Sanni Yaya, Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Linus Baatiema, and Carolyne Njue. "Do educated women in Sierra Leone support discontinuation of female genital mutilation/cutting? Evidence from the 2013 Demographic and Health Survey." Reproductive Health 17, no. 1 (November 7, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-01027-1.

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Abstract Introduction Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) comprises all procedures that involve the total or partial elimination of the external genitalia or any injury to the female genital organ for non-medical purposes. More than 200 million females have undergone the procedure globally, with a prevalence of 89.6% in Sierra Leone. Education is acknowledged as a fundamental strategy to end FGM/C. This study aims to assess women's educational attainment and how this impacts their views on whether FGM/C should be discontinued in Sierra Leone. Methods We used data from the 2013 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 15,228 women were included in the study. We carried out a descriptive analysis, followed by Binary Logistic Regression analyses. We presented the results of the Binary Logistic Regression as Crude Odds Ratios (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Most of the women with formal education (65.5%) and 15.6% of those without formal education indicated that FGM/C should be discontinued. Similarly, 35% of those aged 15–19 indicated that FGM/C should be discontinued. Women with a higher education level had a higher likelihood of reporting that FGM/C should be discontinued [AOR 4.02; CI 3.00–5.41]. Christian women [AOR 1.72; CI 1.44–2.04], those who reported that FGM/C is not required by religion [AOR 8.68; CI 7.29–10.34], wealthier women [AOR 1.37; CI 1.03–1.83] and those residing in the western part of Sierra Leone [AOR 1.61; CI 1.16–2.23] were more likely to state that FGM/C should be discontinued. In contrast, women in union [AOR 0.75; CI 0.62–0.91], circumcised women [AOR 0.41; CI 0.33–0.52], residents of the northern region [AOR 0.63; CI 0.46–0.85] and women aged 45–49 [AOR 0.66; CI 0.48–0.89] were less likely to report that FGM/C should be discontinued in Sierra Leone. Conclusion This study supports the argument that education is crucial to end FGM/C. Age, religion and religious support for FGM/C, marital status, wealth status, region, place of residence, mothers' experience of FGM/C and having a daughter at home are key influences on the discontinuation of FGM/C in Sierra Leone. The study demonstrates the need to pay critical attention to uneducated women, older women and women who have been circumcised to help Sierra Leone end FGM/C and increase its prospects of achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) three and five.

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Conteh, PS. "The Role of Religion During and After the Civil War in Sierra Leone." Journal for the Study of Religion 24, no. 1 (September 26, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jsr.v24i1.70021.

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Højbjerg, Christian Kordt. "MODSTANDSDYGTIGHED OVER FOR STATSSTYRET IKONOKLASME BLANDT LOMA I GUINEA." Tidsskriftet Antropologi, no. 53 (May 30, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ta.v0i53.106731.

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Denne artikel er det danske resumé af afhandlingen Resisting State Iconoclasm among the Loma of Guinea. Den 6. februar 2006 blev afhandlingen antaget til forsvar for den antropologiske doktorgrad af det Samfundsvidenskabelige Fakultet, Københavns Universitet, og den er udgivet i Carolina Academic Press’ Ritual Studies Monograph Series. Resisting State Iconoclasm among the Loma of Guinea er et antropologisk studie af de årsagssammenhænge, der ligger til grund for en vestafrikansk lokalbefolknings vedvarende udøvelse af deres såkaldt traditionelle religion. Emnet vedrører en religiøs praksis, der fra at have været genstand for statsstyret voldelig undertrykkelse siden hen har udviklet sig til et instrument for vold begået mod nabofolk. Studiet af den tilsyneladende kontinuitet af religiøse forestillinger og rituelle handlinger baserer sig på to og et halvt års etnografisk feltarbejde udført i flere omgange blandt mande-talende lomafolk i det sydøstlige Guinea i perioden 1990-1999. Undersøgelsen inddrager desuden historisk og komparativt, regionalt materiale af både ældre og nyere dato fra det øvre Guineas skov- og kystområde, som foruden Guinea bl.a. omfatter landene Liberia og Sierra Leone.

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Swartz, Sharlene, and Anye Nyamnjoh. "Research as freedom: Using a continuum of interactive, participatory and emancipatory methods for addressing youth marginality." HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 74, no. 3 (October 18, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hts.v74i3.5063.

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This article offers an analysis of a continuum along which interactive, participatory and emancipatory inquiries may be placed in critical qualitative research with a social justice focus. It draws on critical distinctions to make the argument that labelling research ‘participatory’ hides both interactive approaches and those that might be seen to be emancipatory in the vein of Paolo Freire and Stanley Biggs. To support the argument for a continuum of engaged research, four recent research studies from South Africa, Cameroon, Nigeria and Sierra Leone that address youth marginality and views on an array of topics are discussed with a view to articulating divergences and convergences in approaches. Included are considerations around adapting research for specific audiences and participants, the location of power, research ethics, as well as the demystification and democratisation of knowledge ownership and generation, and the nature of collaboration. The article offers tentative criteria by which research may be located along the suggested continuum and argues that an emancipatory approach, whilst being key to bringing about change or freedom, is a difficult but not impossible aim to achieve in research.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sierra Leone – Religion'

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