Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sieve trays

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Sieve trays'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sieve trays"

1

Lockett, M. J., and S. Banik. "Weeping from sieve trays." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development 25, no. 2 (April 1986): 561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/i200033a038.

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CHEN, G. X., A. AFACAN, and K. T. CHUANG. "FOULING OF SIEVE TRAYS." Chemical Engineering Communications 131, no. 1 (January 1995): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986449508936285.

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Wang, Yan, Song Du, Huai Gong Zhu, He Xu Ma, and Shao Qing Zuo. "CFD Simulation of Hydraulics of Dividing Wall Sieve Trays." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 1345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.1345.

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A 3D two-phase flow computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model containing gas mal-distribution is developed in the Eulerian framework to predict the hydraulics of a dividing wall sieve tray. Variable and position dependent gas superficial velocity is used in the calculation. Using water-air system, simulations of flow patterns and hydraulics of a commercial- scale 1.2m diameter sieve tray are carried out using this model to testify its precision. Then, the same simulations of a dividing wall sieve tray with equal diameter are carried out. The results show that there are two backflow regions on a dividing wall tray, one is in the segmental area, and the other is in the region nearby junction of dividing wall and outlet weir. In the segmental area of trays with equal diameter, the area of backflow region of dividing wall trays is basically equal to that of conventional trays.
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Biddulph, M. W., J. A. Rocha, J. L. Bravo, and J. R. Fair. "Point efficiencies on sieve trays." AIChE Journal 37, no. 8 (August 1991): 1261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690370818.

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Ramadani, Tarikh Azis, Fadilatul Taufany, and Siti Nurkhamidah. "Study of packed sieve tray column in ethanol purification using distillation process." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 15, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v15n2019.936.

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Sieve tray becomes a popular contacting device in distillation process because of its relative simplicity and low cost. There is one way to improve the contact performance, especially mass transfer by modifying the sieve tray into packed sieve tray. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of adding packing in each tray to ethanol content on ethanol purification. This research was conducted via experiment and simulation approaches. The experiment used packed sieve tray that contained 3 cm and 5 cm bed of steel wool with 16 trays in the column, with operating pressure about 760 mmHg and performed in batch condition. The simulation used a reduced rated base model with some modifications for operation in the packed sieve tray column. It was found that the use of packed sieve tray gave better distillate in the batch distillation process than the use of sieve tray. The packed sieve tray raised distillate content about 8.89% when using 3 cm of packing and 23.31% when using 5 cm of packing when it was compared with sieve tray. The use of packed sieve tray could increase the mass transfer and reduce bubble diameter in the batch distillation process.
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Boronyák, I., and L. Gyökhegyi. "Modern Sieve Trays Minimal Vapor Velocity." Chemical Engineering & Technology 23, no. 7 (July 2000): 586–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4125(200007)23:7<586::aid-ceat586>3.0.co;2-5.

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Spagnolo, D. A., E. L. Plaice, H. J. Neuburg, and K. T. Chuang. "Heat transfer modelling of sieve trays." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 66, no. 3 (June 1988): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450660303.

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Bennett, Douglas L., and Henry J. Grimm. "Eddy diffusivity for distillation sieve trays." AIChE Journal 37, no. 4 (April 1991): 589–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690370412.

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Sun, Lan Yi, Ru Jun Wang, Cheng Zhai, and Qing Song Li. "Hydrodynamic and Mass Transfer Performance of Bilayer Fixed Valve Tray." Advanced Materials Research 225-226 (April 2011): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.225-226.107.

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Fixed valve trays have the advantages of low pressure drop, high efficiency, anti-fouling, simple structure, low manufacture cost and long runtime and therefore have been widely used abroad. This paper presents a new bilayer fixed valve (BFV) tray which has some improvements on traditional fixed valve trays. The hydrodynamic and mass transfer performance of BFV tray, sieve tray and F1 valve tray was experimentally studied with air-water-oxygen system in a 1.2m column. The results showed that the BFV tray possesses low pressure drop, high capacity, wide operating range and high efficiency.
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Fasesan, Samuel O. "Hydraulic characteristics of sieve and valve trays." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 26, no. 10 (October 1987): 2114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00070a030.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sieve trays"

1

Al-Saleh, S. A. A. "Liquid mixing on sieve trays." Thesis, Swansea University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.635717.

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An investigation has been made based on the measurements of the concentration profiles found from dynamic experiments to study axial and transverse mixing on sieve trays operating under froth, mixed and spray regimes. Two methods of tracer injection were employed, the line and point source tracer injection, and the experiments were carried out over a wide range of gas and liquid flow rates. Air and water were used as system fluids. Two different configurations of columns were used in the dispersion work in order to study the effect of the experimental configuration upon dispersion characteristics. The experimental results were analysed as appropriate for each configuration, the first by a one-dimensional axial plug flow model and the second by a two-dimensional axial and transverse plug flow model. An automatic method of optimization was employed to estimate the values of the longitudinal and transverse dispersion coefficients, and interstitial liquid velocities for each experiment. The variation in the liquid velocities were found to be quite considerable in the mixing studies. In the determination of the clear liquid height a new method was used to calculate the height of clear liquid in terms of the first moment of the dynamic response curve. The data were compared with those measured from manometric method.
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Chambers, Simon. "Flow patterns on sieve trays." Thesis, Aston University, 1993. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9788/.

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Studies into gas-liquid flow patterns were carried out on commercial scale sieve trays where the ratio of froth depth to flow path length is typical of that found in practice. Experiments were conducted on a 2.44 m diameter air-water distillation simulator, in which flow patterns were investigated by direct observation, using directional flow pointers; by water cooling, to simulate mass transfer; and by height of clear liquid measurements across the tray. The flow rates used are typical of those found in practice. The approach adopted was to investigate the effect of the gas flow on the liquid flow by comparing water only flow patterns across an unperforated tray with air-water flow patterns on perforated trays. Initial gas-liquid contacting experiments on the 6.35 mm hole tray showed that, under certain conditions, the gas flow pattern beneath the test tray can have a significant effect on the tray liquid flow pattern such that gas-driven liquid circulation was produced. This was found to be a function of this particular air-water simulator design, and as far as is known this is the first time that this phenomenon has been observed. Consequently non-uniform gas flow effects were removed by modification of the gas distribution system. By eliminating gas circulation effects, the effect of the gas flow on the separation of liquid flow was similar to that obtained on the 1.0 mm hole tray (Hine, 1990). That is, flow separation occurred at the ends of the inlet downcomer which produced large circulating zones along the tray segments both on the non-perforated and perforated trays. The air when forced through the liquid, inhibited circulating flow such that it only occurred at high water inlet velocities. With the 6.35 mm hole tray, the growth and velocity of circulating flow was reduced at high superficial air velocities, and in the experiments to simulate distillation, liquid was in forward flow over most of the tray.
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倫必康 and Bit-hong Lun. "Performance of New types of sieve trays." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31208770.

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Lun, Bit-hong. "Performance of New types of sieve trays /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12432015.

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Mehta, Bemal Mahendra. "Model for liquid phase flow on sieve trays." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21191.pdf.

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Chima, Chimereze Okorie. "Further studies on flow distribution on distillation sieve trays." Thesis, Aston University, 2002. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9649/.

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The thesis describes experimental work on the possibility of using deflection baffles in conventional distillation trays as flow straightening devices, with the view of enhancing tray efficiency. The mode of operation is based on deflecting part of the liquid momentum from the centre of the tray to the segment regions in order to drive stagnating liquid at the edges forward. The first part of the work was a detailed investigation into the two-phase flow patterns produced on a conventional sieve tray having 1 mm hole size perforations. The data provide a check on some earlier work and extend the range of the existing databank, particularly to conditions more typical of industrial operation. A critical survey of data collected on trays with different hole sizes (Hine, 1990; Chambers, 1993; Fenwick, 1996; this work) showed that the hole diameter has a significant influence on the flow regime, the size of the stagnant regions and the hydraulic and mass transfer performance. Five modified tray topologies were created with different configurations of baffles and tested extensively in the 2.44 m diameter air-water pilot distillation simulator for their efficacy in achieving uniform flow across the tray and for their impact on tray loading capacity and mass transfer efficiency. Special attention was given to the calibration of the over 100 temperature probes used in measuring the water temperature across the tray on which the heat and mass transfer analogy is based. In addition to normal tray capacity experiments, higher weir load experiments were conducted using a 'half-tray' mode in order to extend the range of data to conditions more typical of industrial operation. The modified trays show superior flow characteristics compared to the conventional tray in terms of the ability to replenish the zones of exceptionally low temperatures and high residence times at the edges of the tray, to lower the bulk liquid gradient and to achieve a more uniform flow across the tray. These superior flow abilities, however, tend to diminish with increasing weir load because of the increasing tendency for the liquid to jump over the barriers instead of flowing over them. The modified tray topologies showed no tendency to cause undue limitation to tray loading capacity. Although the improvement in the efficiency of a single tray over that of the conventional tray was moderate and in some cases marginal, the multiplier effect in a multiple tray column situation would be significant (Porter et al., 1972). These results are in good agreement with an associated CFD studies (Fischer, 1999) carried out by partners in the Advanced Studies in Distillation consortium. It is concluded that deflection baffles can be used in a conventional distillation sieve tray to achieve better liquid flow distribution and obtain enhanced mass transfer efficiency, without undermining the tray loading capacity. Unlike any other controlled-flow tray whose mechanical complexity impose stringent manufacturing and installation tolerances, the baffled-tray models are simple to design, manufacture and install and thus provide an economic method of retrofitting badly performing sieve trays both in terms of downtime and fabrication.
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Khan, Rab N. "The use of flow control devices to improve the flow pattern and throughput of sieve trays." Thesis, Aston University, 1998. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9599/.

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Compared to packings trays are more cost effective column internals because they create a large interfacial area for mass transfer by the interaction of the vapour on the liquid. The tray supports a mass of froth or spray which on most trays (including the most widely used sieve trays) is not in any way controlled. The two important results of the gas/liquid interaction are the tray efficiency and the tray throughput or capacity. After many years of practical experience, both may be predicted by empirical correlations, despite the lack of understanding. It is known that the tray efficiency is in part determined by the liquid flow pattern and the throughput by the liquid froth height which in turn depends on the liquid hold-up and vapour velocity. This thesis describes experimental work on sieve trays in an air-water simulator, 2.44 m in diameter. The liquid flow pattern, for flow rates similar to those used in commercial scale distillation, was observed experimentally by direct observation; by water-cooling, to simulate mass transfer; use of potassium permanganate dye to observe areas of longer residence time; and by height of clear liquid measurements across the tray and in the downcomer using manometers. This work presents experiments designed to evaluate flow control devices proposed to improve the gas liquid interaction and hence improve the tray efficiency and throughput. These are (a) the use of intermediate weirs to redirect liquid to the sides of the tray so as to remove slow moving/stagnant liquid and (b) the use of vapour-directing slots designed to use the vapour to cause liquid to be directed towards the outlet weir thus reducing the liquid hold-up at a given rate i.e. increased throughput. This method also has the advantage of removing slow moving/stagnant liquid.
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Oliveira, Gladson Cintra de. "Aplicação de técnicas de CFD no estudo da eficiência de estágio em colunas de destilação para produção de etanol." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4139.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:56:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6010.pdf: 3960363 bytes, checksum: bb924b69a99f6fe80ceb63d34a17b457 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-17
Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos
Distillation is one of the most important and used separation techniques of components at industrial level, applied in a wide range of processes. Its great importance is due to the capacity of purify components of a mixture using the volatility difference among them as driving force. However, this technique represents 40% of the total energy consumption of an industrial facility. Nowadays, with the necessity of rethink the energetic use owing to the massive usage of natural resources, new regulations of pollutant emissions, environmental issues and market competition; the enhancement of the distillation process has become essential to the refineries, petrochemicals and a variety of other sectors of the industry. Empirical studies about the flow dynamics in distillation columns are rare due to the large dimensions of this equipment and the high investment, including measurement instrumentation. This lack of experimental data makes difficult the appropriate understanding of the mechanisms that occur in this equipment, as flow patterns and degree of separation, as well as the relation between both. Nevertheless, to improve the distillation process performance is necessary to deeply know the dynamics of the multiphase flow existing on each tray of the column, where the contact between the phases indeed happens. In this study, was proposed the computational simulation of sieve trays of distillation columns using CFD s tools (Computational Fluid Dynamics). The main aim was to conceive a model capable to predict the hydrodynamics and the more volatile component transfer between the liquid and the vapor. Furthermore, the regions that possibly interfere on obtaining higher efficiencies were pointed out. For that, tridimensional, transient and multiphase models with the Euler- Euler framework were used. The main results show liquid velocity profiles, volumetric fraction, clear liquid height, mass fraction and efficiency. The results presented agreement with the literature. In general, the fluid dynamics results obtained here highlight the significance of the application of models that represent the complex behavior existing on sieve trays, since this crucially influence in the separation degree of the process. The CFD evidenced to be and valuable tool to study this sort of flow on columns internals and can be applied in the design and optimization of those equipment.
A destilação é uma das mais importantes técnicas de separação de componentes empregada a nível industrial nos mais diversos processos. Sua suma importância dá-se na capacidade de purificar componentes de uma mistura utilizando a diferença de volatilidade entre eles como força motriz. Entretanto, trata-se de uma técnica que representa cerca de 40% da energia consumida em uma planta industrial. Atualmente, com a necessidade de se repensar o uso energético, com as novas políticas de emissão de poluentes, da preocupação com o ambiente e a concorrência de mercado; o aperfeiçoamento do processo de destilação tem se tornado essencial para as refinarias, petroquímicas e diversos setores da indústria. Estudos empíricos sobre o escoamento em colunas de destilação são raros, em parte devido às grandes dimensões destes aparelhos e ao alto investimento em equipamentos e instrumentos de medição. Esta carência de dados experimentais dificulta o entendimento adequado dos mecanismos que ocorrem neste equipamento, como os padrões de escoamento e o grau de separação, assim como a relação entre estes dois. Contudo, para que se possa melhorar o processo destilatório, é necessário conhecer a fundo a dinâmica do escoamento multifásico existente em cada prato da coluna, onde de fato ocorre o contato íntimo entre as fases. Neste estudo, foi proposta a simulação computacional de pratos perfurados de colunas de destilação usando ferramentas de CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). O principal objetivo foi conceber um modelo capaz de prever a hidrodinâmica do prato e a transferência do componente mais volátil entre o líquido e o vapor. Além do mais, foram apontadas as regiões no prato que possivelmente interferem na obtenção de maiores eficiências de estágio. Para isso, foram usados modelos 3D, transientes e multifásicos com abordagem Euler-Euler. Os principais resultados mostram os perfis de velocidade, fração volumétrica, altura de líquido claro, fração mássica e eficiência, os quais apresentaram concordância quando comparados com a literatura. Em geral, os resultados fluidodinâmicos obtidos neste estudo ressaltam a importância da aplicação de modelos que representem o complexo comportamento encontrado em pratos perfurados, já que estes influenciam decisivamente no grau de separação do processo. CFD demonstrou ser uma ferramenta valiosa para estudar o fluxo em internos de torres de destilação e pode ser aplicado para projeto e otimização destes equipamentos.
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Kalbassi, Mohammed Ali. "Distillation sieve tray efficiencies." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13540/.

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The distillation point efficiencies for the alcohol-water binary, ternary and quaternary systems were measured using a modified Oldershaw column. This column is expanded above the tray to separate the newly formed bubbles from the column wall, thus eliminating the surface tension induced wall effects for positive systems and discouraging wetted wall effects. The excessive and recirculating foam and froth found in the conventional Oldershaw column is due to these wall effects and does not represent conditions in large scale distillation. The point efficiencies measured using this column for the system methanol/water were lower than the point efficiencies deduced from the composition profiles across a large and narrow rectangular distillation column using an eddy diffusion model. The narrow rectangular column had a liquid flow path length of about one meter, thus avoiding stagnant zones and flow non-uniformities. The lower efficiencies were due to the shorter contact time between the gas and the liquid. This contact time was increased markedly by fitting an outlet weir to the modified Oldershaw column, thus increasing the tray liquid hold-up and the point efficiencies. These point efficiencies were about 10 per cent lower than those on the large tray at a similar value of the F. Factor. The eddy diffusion model predicted rectangular tray efficiencies about 10 to 20 per cent lower than those measured, when using the improved modified column point efficiencies. Using a suitable model, the improved point efficiencies were scaled-up to the conditions existing on the rectangular tray. This resulted in the large tray values of 2 to 4 per cent lower tray efficiencies than those measured. The surface tension effect on the point efficiencies of the binary systems MeOH/n.PrOH using the original modified Oldershaw column in the absence of wall effects using the concept of the Marangoni stabilising index. The surface tension of these systems were measured using a glass thermometer. The system MeOH/H20 had the highest Marangoni index and showed the highest point efficiencies throughout the composition range, with the EtOH/H2O/n.PrOH, with low values of the Marangoni index, showed comparable point efficiencies throughout the composition range. These systems demonstrate all the possible types of surface tension behaviour. The effects of the outlet weir height and hole size on the point efficiencies in the rectangular column operating under similar hydrodynamic conditions were also investigated using the system MeOH/H2O. There was an increase in point and tray efficiencies on increasing the outlet weir height from 2 mm to 12.7 mm. There was also small increase in point and tray efficiencies on decreasing the hole size from 6.4 mm to 1 mm at the expense of higher pressure drops. The point efficiencies of these trays under different hydraulic conditions were in the range 85 to 95 per cent, with subsequent high tray efficiencies. This provides further evidence of the high tray efficiencies available to the design engineer if the detrimental effects of stagnant zones and flow non-uniformities were eliminated. Two highly non-ideal ternary systems and quaternary system were also studied using the original modified Oldershaw and the rectangular columns. Considerable differences between the individual component point efficiencies were observed. These differences are probably caused by the interactive nature of the mass transfer in these systems. These systems also exhibited equal component point efficiencies in parts of the composition range, which illustrates the composition dependency of these systems. The individual component tray efficiencies for these systems were noticeably different, even with equal component point efficiencies operating across the tray. These differences were simulated using the eddy diffusion model, highlighting the effects of limited liquid back mixing on the tray. The composition profile for the system MeOH/EtOH/H20 were predicted and compared with the measurements across the rectangular column using three methods derived from the original Maxwell and Stephan mass transfer equations. These predictions were in good agreement with the measurements. However, as the comparison is only based on a one meter flow path length, the actual design of distillation column using these methods would be conservative. The prediction of the composition profiles using the point efficiencies from the original version of the modified 0ldershaw column yielded a similar observation for both the ternaries and the quaternary system. An expanded aluminium tray (Expamet 607A) was also subject to preliminary efficiency tests in the rectangular column. This material has corrugated angled holes, thus encouraging the liquid flow across the tray by using the vapour momentum. This material showed much lower pressure drops, due to its high open area compared with conventional sieve trays, and discourages weeping and entrainment.
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蘇偉文 and Wai-man Louis So. "The significance of the clear liquid layer on sieve tray phenomena." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31230957.

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Books on the topic "Sieve trays"

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Chambers, Simon. Flow patterns on sieve trays. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, 1993.

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Chambers, Simon. Flow patterns on sieve trays. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, 1993.

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Chambers, Simon. Flow patterns on sieve trays. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sieve trays"

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Rodríguez-Ángeles, Mario A., Fernando I. Gómez-Castro, Juan G. Segovia-Hernández, Claudia Gutiérrez-Antonio, and Abel Briones-Ramírez. "Mechanical Design and Hydraulic Analysis of Sieve Trays in Dividing Wall Columns." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 1375–80. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63455-9.50064-7.

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"Trans-Imperial Networks:." In The Habsburg Empire under Siege, 210–50. McGill-Queen's University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1h7zm50.13.

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Cutrer, Thomas W. "Cannot You Do Something to Operate Against Them on Your Side of the River!" In Theater of a Separate War. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631561.003.0011.

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With Maj. Gen. U. S. Grant’s campaign against Vicksburg presenting an increasing threat to that vital river fortress, Confederate authorities in Richmond called for Confederate forces in the trans-Mississippi to cooperate with the city’s garrison to raise the siege. A division of Texas troops struck the Federal line on the west bank of the Mississippi River, but, after achieving initial success, were repulsed by Union gunboats.
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Llorente-Remartínez, Noelia, and Santos Galán. "CFD simulation of sieve tray hydraulics using the lattice Boltzmann method." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 37–42. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63965-3.50008-8.

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Teleken, Joel G., Leandro O. Werle, Iaçanã G. B. Parisotto, Cintia Marangoni, Ana Paula Meneguelo, and Ricardo A. F. Machado. "Fluid-Dynamics Study of Multiphase Flow in a Sieve Tray of a Distillation Column." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 73–78. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-7946(10)28013-6.

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Björn, Ingela Niklasson, Urban Grén, and Fredrik Svensson. "Simulation and experimental study of intermediate heat exchange in a sieve tray distillation column." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 105–10. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-7946(01)80013-4.

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Li, H. X., J. M. Donohue, W. E. Chrmier, and Y. F. Chu. "Application of zeolites as hydrocarbon traps in automotive emission controls." In Molecular Sieves: From Basic Research to Industrial Applications, Proceedings of the 3rd International Zeolite Symposium (3rd FEZA), 1375–82. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2991(05)80487-2.

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Noriler, Dirceu, Henry F. Meier, Antonio A. C. Barros, and Maria Regina Wolf Macel. "Prediction of Efficiencies Through Simultaneous Momentum, Mass and Energy Transfer Analyses in a Distillation Sieve Tray by CFD Techniques." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 1167–72. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-7946(09)70415-8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sieve trays"

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Wang, Xiaoling. "Visualization of three-dimensional liquid flow on sieve trays." In Fourth ionternational conference On Virtual Reality and Its Applications in Industry, edited by Jizhou Sun and Zhigeng Pan. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.561257.

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Jacobs, Harold R., and Timothy J. Eden. "DIRECT CONTACT HEAT TRANSFER IN A SIEVE TRAY COLUMN." In International Heat Transfer Conference 8. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ihtc8.4420.

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Idrisov, R. А. "POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY ADAPTIVE AGROPHUTOCENOZIS ON SLOPING LANDS OF THE STEPPE TRANS-URALS." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS. DSTU-PRINT, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.1.125-128.

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The correct construction of agrophytocenoses on the slopes of the steppe trans-Urals helped to create maximum productivity. In the arid climate, the most productive were the double mixtures of alfalfa with brittle sitnik, wheatgrass is syd, providing an average of 41.6 and 40.2 quintals per hectare (c/ha) of hay, 32.1 and 31.0 GJ/ha OE (exchange energy per hectare), 4.5 and 4.3 quintals per hectare of boiled protein (c/ha) over 5 years. Single-species steppe ecotypes, brittle sieve and wheatgrass sieve in productivity slightly gave way to double components, providing respectively hay- 32.2 and 37.2 cents per hectare, exchange energy 22.2 and 25.7 GJ/ha, digested protein 1.93 and 2.53 c/ha. The enrichment of agrophytocense by the legume component allowed to increase the metabolic energy content to the level of 32.1 and 31.0-GJ/ha, digested protein to 4.5 and 4.3 quintals per hectare, which is 14 times the nutritional value of the metabolic energy, the digested protein is 10 times higher than the natural herb.
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Álvarez Gallego, Isabel, and Silvia Blanco Agüeira. "Estrellas sobre fondos cambiantes: convocando la luz." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.980.

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Resumen: Tras crear y desarrollar durante siete años diecinueve poemas manuscritos, que hoy en día son considerados síntesis de su pensamiento, Le Corbusier publicó en 1955 su Poème de l´Angle Droit. Al estudiar este poema reconocemos en él los principales temas presentes en su trayectoria, así como algunos elementos —la espada, la nube y la estrella— que aparecen en su obra pictórica y arquitectónica. La presente comunicación pretende desvelar las conexiones que se establecen entre uno de estos elementos en concreto, como es la imagen de la estrella, y su incorporación al proceso de proyecto lecorbusieriano. Se trata de analizar cómo este tema, que se repite de forma obsesiva, configura imágenes que permanecen en las estrategias arquitectónicas que llevó a cabo el maestro suizo. La estrella habla de faro, de guía, de motor dentro de un proceso de viaje. Es el elemento que representa la movilidad del cosmos, que rige ese carácter de repetición ligado al arte; una señal que guía al viajero y define el itinerario que deben seguir sus pasos, que nos hace pensar en una brillante luz y en la distancia entre lo real y lo imaginado. Y, sobre todo, es la referencia presente en edificios, que condensaban así reflexiones que daban coherencia y unidad a las distintas opciones del proyecto. Abstract: Following a seven year period dedicated to the creation and development of nineteen manuscript poems, which today are considered a synthesis of his thinking, in 1955 Le Corbusier published his Poème de l´Angle Droit. The study of this poem reveals the principal themes that dominated his trajectory, as well as a series of elements, namely the sword, the cloud and the star, which appear in his pictorial and architectural work. This paper aims to shed light on the connections established between one of these elements in particular —the star— and its incorporation into Lecorbuserian method of architectural design. It seeks to analyse how this item is repeated obsessively, forming images which remain rooted in the architectural strategies developed by the Swiss architect. The star speaks of a lighthouse, a guide, a driving force that spurs on the journey. It is the element that represents the mobility of the cosmos, which governs the nature of repetition linked to art; a signal that guides the traveler and traces the route their steps must take them, leading us to think of a bright light and the distance that separates the real and the imagined. And above all, it is the reference in those buildings that condensed the reflections that gave coherence and unity to the various project options. Palabras clave: estrella; cosmos; proyecto; mirada; símbolo; proceso creativo. Keywords: star; cosmos; project; gaze, symbol; creative process. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.980
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