Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Signalisations intracellulaires'
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Rémy, Ingrid. "Visualisation des voies de signalisation intracellulaires dans les cellules vivantes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0032/NQ62104.pdf.
Full textLeBrun, Michel. "Signalisation intracellulaire et mécanismes de néphrotoxicité de la gentamicine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60775.pdf.
Full textGirardin, Stephen. "Régulation de la voie de signalisation intracellulaire JNK/SAPK." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13179.
Full textGrützmacher-Frêche, Barbara. "Rafts et signalisation intracellulaire, le modèle du proto oncogène RET." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10077.
Full textThe tyrosine kinase RET is a receptor for the neurotrophic factor GDNF. The association of RET with membrane microdomains called lipid rafts is mandatory for the biological effects of GDNF. On the other hand, dominant activating mutations of RET are causally associated with the development of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) sydrome and we have shown that oncogenic RET does not associate with lipid rafts. Using an inducible dimerization system of the RET protein that mimics oncogenic RET MEN2A activation, we showed that specific temporal adjustment of ligand-induced AKT activation, but not ERK activation, is dependent upon a lipid raft environment and that this control step is bypassed by RET mutants. The results provide new insights in the understanding of RET oncogenic signalling pathway and unravel a role for lipid rafts in the temporal regulation of AKT activation
Willaime-Morawek, Sandrine. "Apoptose neuronale et second messager céramide : étude des voies de signalisation intracellulaires." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066339.
Full textIchas, François. "La mitochondrie, organelle excitable : participation active à la signalisation calcique intracellulaire." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR28475.
Full textFaisy, Christophe. "Hyperréactivité bronchique provoquée par les β2-agonistes : mécanismes de signalisation intracellulaire." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05S006.
Full textOur result show that chronic fenoterol exposure induces hyperresponsiveness top endothelin-1 in human isolated bronchi. This effect involves three crucial factors implied in airways responsiveness : the epithelial cells, the sensory nerves, and the airway smooth muscle cells. Our immunohistochemical and biomolecular findings reveal that fenoterol-induced sensitisation of human isolated bronchi involves epithelial endothelin-1 receptors synthesis, which suggests perturbation of the epithelial regulation of airway smooth muscle contraction in response to endothelin-1. In addition, we highlighted the intracellular signalling pathways implied in fenoterol-sensitisation including sensory nerves by vanniloid receptors stimulation, and NF-kB, MAP-Kinases and protein kinases C activation
Carpier, Jean-Marie. "Rôle du traffic intracellulaire dans la signalisation et la réponse lymphocytaire T." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB242/document.
Full textThe immune response against a broad spectrum of pathogens or against tumor cells requires the CD4 + T lymphocytes activation. The triggering of T Cell Receptor (TCR) by peptide-MHC through antigen-presenting cells (APC) leads to numerous T-cell remodeling and the establishment of a specialized structure at the interface between the T lymphocyte and the APC: the immunological synapse. The synapse is the site of intense signaling events where various signaling molecules are recruited in order to amplify and diversify the signal initiated by the TCR. These signaling events are regulated by the transmembrane adapter LAT ("Linker for activation of T cells") which is present at the plasma membrane as well as in intracellular compartments. The intracellular fraction of LAT is recruited at the immune synapse and it is proposed that these vesicular compartments participate in T lymphocyte signaling. The objective of this thesis work was to determine the intracellular trafficking pathways required for the recruitment of the intracellular pool of LAT to the immunological synapse and understand the role of this transport in T cell activation and response. By silencing the expression of different intracellular transport molecules in Jurkat T cells or primary human CD4 + T lymphocytes, or by using Knock-Out (KO) mice, we have highlighted several trafficking pathways involved in the transport of LAT to the immune synapse. We have demonstrated that the recruitment of LAT to TCR activation sites requires a secretion pathway dependent on the vesicular SNARE protein VAMP7. Further analysis of the transport of LAT showed that LAT is present in recycling compartments whereas VAMP7 is mainly located in the Golgi apparatus. The study of the small GTPase Rab6 and the t-SNARE syntaxin-16 protein that are involved in the retrograde transport pathways between the recycling endosomes and the Golgi apparatus, demonstrated that this route of transport is required for the recruitment of LAT to the immunological synapse and for T lymphocyte response in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo as well. Finally, the role of intraflagellar transport protein IFT20, which has already been implicated in the transport of TCR, was analyzed in mice and also showed defects in LAT recruitment to synapse and T lymphocyte activation ex vivo and in vivo. Our results thus show that the regulation of intracellular transport plays a crucial role in T lymphocyte activation. We thus propose a model in which LAT is constitutively internalized from the plasma membrane and pursues a Golgi-dependent recycling pathway that contains the secretion machinery associated with VAMP7. This intracellular transport pathway would thus allow the polarized LAT re-secretion to the immunological synapse under activation conditions and a robust T lymphocyte response
Dugourd, Céline. "Rôle des interactions des voies PI3-K et ERK dans la régulation de la réponse proliférative de l'angiotensine II via le récepteur AT1." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112200.
Full textAngiotensin II (AngII) takes part to vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) proliferation by stimulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3-K) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK) pathways. The targets of PI3-K and the regulation of the interactions possibly involved between the PI3-K/Akt and ERK pathways are not clearly defined in this cellular response. Among the molecular mechanisms, the PEA-15 (phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes) protein, which modulates ERK nuclear localization and is an Akt substrate, seemed a good candidate. Our aims have been : 1) to identify the PI3-K targets implicated in the proliferative effect of AngII and 2) to precise the molecular interactions between the PI3-K and ERK pathways and to assess their functional consequences on the AngII proliferative response when modifying the balance between the two pathways. In rat aortic SMC and in CHO cells overexpressing the AT(lA) receptor (CHO-AT (lA)), the PI3-K and ERK pathways are independently activated but both necessary for the mitogenic response, blocked by a specific Akt inhibitor or by the expression of a dominant negative Akt mutant. Unexpectedly, Akt overexpression in CHO-AT(lA) inhibits the proliferative response of AngII. This effect is associated with a decrease of ERK transcriptional activity without modification of its phosphorylation levels. Furthermore, Akt overexpression leads to the down-regulation of the AngII-induced ERK nuclear translocation. PEA-15 overexpression also leads to ERK cytosolic relocalization and inhibition of the proliferative response in CHO-AT(lA). Moreover, Akt activation increases PEA-15 half-life. Our results show that 1) the specific activation of endogenous Akt is necessary to the proliferative response of AngII and 2) the overactivation of Akt negatively regulates ERK by stabilizing PEA-15 and retaining ERK in the cytosol, abrogating the proliferative effect of AngII
Steinckwich, Natacha Nüsse Olivier. "La régulation du calcium intracellulaire et son rôle dans la signalisation des phagocytes." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2007_0074_STEINCKWICH.pdf.
Full textSteinckwich, Natacha. "La régulation du calcium intracellulaire et son rôle dans la signalisation des phagocytes." Nancy 1, 2007. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2007_0074_STEINCKWICH.pdf.
Full textStore operated calcium entry (SOCE) is a key regulator in the activation of leukocytes. This calcium entry is regulated by SOC channels. A new inhibitor of SOCE, the BTP2 (3,5-bistrifluoromethyl pyrazole) has been identified in T lymphocytes. We therefore investigated the effect of BTP2 on calcium homeostasis and functional responses of human neutrophils. BTP2 significantly inhibited the calcium influx after stimulation with thapsigargin or fMLF. BTP2 reduced microbicidal enzyme release and superoxide anion production. On the contrary, phagocytosis, intraphagosomal radical production and bacterial killing by neutrophils were not significantly reduced. We studied TRPC mRNA expression during granulocyte differentiation; their presence changes during myelocyte differentiation. We also investigated whether these changes of gene expression are correlated with a change of BTP2 impact on store operated calcium influx. Our results suggest that differentiated HL60 cells and neutrophils are more sensitive to BTP2 than undifferentiated HL60 cells. This work suggests that BTP2 could become an important tool to characterize calcium signaling in neutrophils. Furthermore, BTP2 or related compounds could constitute a new approach to the down regulation of neutrophils in chronic inflammatory disease without compromising antibacterial host defense
Gernez, Yaël. "Mécanismes fonctionnels et signalisation intracellulaire dans les maladies allergiques et inflammatoires chez l'homme." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX20689/document.
Full textSummary of the first part. We hypothesized that granulocytes were not only playing an effector role in atopic diseases, but also a regulatory role. Furthermore, we proposed that granulocytes, due to their rapid activation response, could be used in rapid non-invasive whole blood assays for Allergic Asthma (AA), Food Allergy (FA) and Eosinophillic Esophagitis (EoE), three allergic diseases. We first studied asthma. Then, we explored the profil of activation of blood eosinophils in patients with EoE. We explored some activation surface markers (CD66b) and some intracellular phosphoepitopes of interest (Ph-STAT1 and Ph-STAT6). We then focused our attention on blood basophils in food allergy. We developped a potential blood basophil assay (based on two basophil activation surface markers, CD203c and CD63), which could discriminate a patient with food allergy, which could also identify the offending allergen and, which could monitor the effect of new therapy.Summary of the second part. We focused our attention on the role of the blood and sputum neutrophils in cystic fibrosis (CF). Cystic fibrosis is the most frequent disease in Caucasians. While CF affects all exocrine organs throughout the body, its lung manifestation represents the main cause of morbidity and mortality. We first discovered that blood neutrophils were deficient in glutathion. We therefore started a clinical phase IIa, where N-acetyl-cystein were given orally in high dose to patients with CF for twelve weeks. Thanks to this regimen, the deficit in glutathion in blood PNN disappeared. The number of exacerbations significantly decreased, however, no positive effect were observerd on the lung function. Furthermore, we demonstrated that profound functional and signaling changes readily occur within viable PNN recruited to CF airways, compared to their blood counterparts. For a long time, neutrophil dysfunction in CF airways has been equated with necrosis and passive release of elastase, DNA and, actin. However, we established recently by direct ex vivo analysis of airway neutrophils from CF patients that a large fraction of these cells are viable and appear to actively release these enzymes-containing granules. We also show that neutrophils that entered CF airways have increased phosphorylation of key effectors in the amino acid-regulated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. An upregulation of the mTOR pathway might reflect an increase of the survival of the neutrophils in the airways. Another common view of peripheral neutrophils is that of terminally differentiated population, with little if any ability to become anabolic. However, we outlined the ability of human neutrophils to modify their transcriptional profile upon migration to the lung in CF. The last part of these thesis is a combination of knowledge that we acquired on the blood basophils in food allergy and on the neutrophils from the airways of patients with CF. We are currently trying to develop an unmet need blood (basophil) test which could discrimate the CF patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. We are also trying to understand the role of airways neutrophils and eosinophils in the pathogenese of these disease
Fahem, Abdelaziz Guenounou Moncef Bellon Georges. "Elastokines et angiogenése : rôle de la MT1-MMP et signalisation intracellulaire mediée par Titre." S.n. : S.l, 2007. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000518.pdf.
Full textBoxio, Rachel. "Signalisation intracellulaire dans la régulation des fonctions bactéricides chez les polynucléaires neutrophiles de souris." Nancy 1, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2005_0006_BOXIO.pdf.
Full textSince the creation of the transgenic mice, the study of the innate immunity of this animal has received renewed interest. To exploit this experimental model as well as possible, it was initially necessary to know its normal function in order to compare to our current knowledge of the human immune system. The aim is to apprehend and define the limits of the murine model. We isolated neutrophils from mouse blood and bone marrow and compared their bactericidal functions. We have shown that mouse bone marrow contains a large population of neutrophils which are morphologically and functionally as mature as blood neutrophils. In addition, the discovery of new molecules aiming at stimulating the microbicidal activity of neutrophils as well as the study of intracellular signalling pathways leading to either the activation of these cells, their survival or their accelerated death, allowed us to better understand their regulation
CASSARD, SYLVANIE. "Signalisation intracellulaire et internalisation par les composants du recepteur a l'antigene des lymphocytes b." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA077307.
Full textFLORES, JULLIEN VIVIANA. "Caracterisation de rlip76, un effecteur des gtpases ral. De la signalisation intracellulaire a l'endocytose." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112357.
Full textKiefer, Céline. "Mécanisme cinétique et moléculaire de CD38/NAD+glycohydrolase en relation avec la signalisation intracellulaire." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13048.
Full textCD38/NAD+glycohydrolase (EC 3. 2. 2. 5 et 3. 2. 2. 6) is at the same time an evolutionarily conserved type II transmembrane glycoprotein, which has signalling (e. G. In lymphocytes) and adhesion functions and also a multifunctional enzyme that catalyses the conversion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) into cyclic adenosine diphophoribose (cADPR), a second messenger involved in intracellular calcium mobilisation in a variety of cells from mammals to plants and invertebrates. The question raised was the following: is the catalytic activity of CD38/NADase directly responsible for the intracellular signalling triggered by its activation ? According to our hypothesis, only a conformational change of the enzyme that is followed by a cross talk with partner's proteins is responsible for its implication in intracellular signalling events and independently of its reaction products. This thesis aimed to elucidate this problem according to two complementary approaches : 1) after we established an unifying kinetic scheme for the mammalian and invertebrate enzymes involved in cADPR biosynthesis, we studied the kinetic and molecular mechanism by modulating the different kinetic constants, we thus want to verify the implication of cADPR complexed to the enzyme in the signalling events 2) in a second part, we studied the relationship between the structure of CD38/NADase and its catalytic and signalling functions by mutating different putative residues involved in catalysis and/or substrate binding. This work concludes that only ligand binding (substrate, antibody) could be responsible for conformational changes of CD38/NADase, which trigger a cross talk with signalling partners
Courilleau, Delphine. "Modulation de l'expression génique par le butyrate de sodium." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA11T027.
Full textDesquiret, Valérie. "Mitochondrie et stress énergetique : voies de signalisation et adaptations cellulaires." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00433520.
Full textFahem, Abdelaziz. "Elastokines et angiogenése : rôle de la MT1-MMP et signalisation intracellulaire mediée par S-GAL." Reims, 2007. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000518.pdf.
Full textNeoangiogenesis is an essence process in the tumoral progression and metastatic dissemination, and involved matrix metalloproteinase which can degrade the extracellular matrix and generate fragments with biological effects, the Matrikines. Among them, the elastokines, resulting from the proteolysis of elastin, can amplify tumoral invasion. Using in vivo and in vitro methods, we demonstrated that peptides from elastin (EDP) degradation and containing the peptides sequence VGVAPG were able to induce neoangiogenesis. The use of specific inhibitors enabled us to demonstrate that MT1-MMP was the main enzyme implied during the angiogenesis induced by elastin peptides. We confirmed its role by developing the technique of interference by small RNA (RNAi) directed against MT1-MMP expression. In order to complete our study, the signal transduction pathway induced by the fixation of elastin peptides on their receptor S-GAL was studied. Firstly, we showed that EDP induce nitric oxide production in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. We further show that EDP-mediated membrane-type I matrix metalloproteinase expression, at both the mRNA and protein levels, involves PI3-kinase/Akt/NOS and nitric oxide/cGMP/MAP kinase/Erk1,2 pathways in human microvascular endothelial cell-1 line. EDP mediated a time- and -concentration-dependent increase of cGMP that suggested a link between nitric oxide and membrane-type I matrix metalloproteinase expression. This was validated by the use of a nitric oxide donor (DEA-NOate) and a cGMP analog (8-bromo-cGMP). Inversely, the cGMP analog, mimicked the effect of both kappa elastin and nitric oxide donor in a concentration- and time-dependent manner
Lagoudakis, Laura. "Ca2+ et régénération du foie : impact de la signalisation calcique intracellulaire sur la prolifération hépatocytaire." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066471.
Full textBen-Mahdi, Meriem-Hind. "Régulation par le stress oxydant de la signalisation intracellulaire de la cellule endothéliale : conséquences fonctionnelles." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077019.
Full textMuselet-Charlier, Céline. "Rôle des voies de signalisation intracellulaire dans la régulation de l'inflammation pulmonaire dans la mucoviscidose." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066490.
Full textDinerstein-Cali, Hélène. "Etude des molecules impliquees dans la transduction du signal du recepteur de l'hormone de croissance (doctorat : endocrinologie et interactions cellulaires)." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA11T005.
Full textKasus, Jacobi Anne. "Etude des premieres etapes des voies de signalisation de l'insuline : clonage d'un nouvel effecteur de l'insuline : la proteine rgrb14." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA11T035.
Full textRajotte, Daniel. "Étude sur la signalisation intracellulaire et la relation structure fonction du récepteur pour le GM-CSF." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21506.pdf.
Full textBenhra, Najate. "Étude du rôle du trafic intracellulaire dans la régulation de la signalisation Notch chez Drosophila melanogaster." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S061.
Full textNotch is a cell-cell communication pathway that regulates numerous developmental processes in metazoans. In Drosophila, sensory organ specification is governed by Notch signaling. Notch pathway is activated when DSL ligands from the signal-sending cell surface interact with Notch present at the signal-receiving cell surface. Membrane trafficking and endocytosis play a key role in the regulation of Notch signaling. In particular, ligands need to be endocytosed and recycled to be active. The E3 Ubiquitine ligase Neuralized (Neur) regulates ligands activity by promoting their ubiquitination and endocytosis. However, how ubiquitination and endocytosis contribute to ligands activation remains unknown. Our data show that Neur promotes the Delta ligand transcytosis from a basolateral to an apical membrane where Notch is enriched in Drosophila sensory organ cells. We also identified the Clathrin-adaptor complex AP-1 as a novel regulator of Notch signaling. Mammalian AP-1 complex regulates basolateral recycling and intracellular trafficking between trans-golgi network and endosomes. We show that in Drosophila sensory organ cells, AP-1 prevents the apical accumulation of the Notch co-activator Sanpodo, and regulates Notch and Sanpodo stabilization at the level of DE-Cadherin, at the interface between the sending-cell and the receiving-cell. Altogether, our results suggest that this junctional domain could be the site for productive interaction between the ligand and the receptor
Pelletier, Nadine. "Régulation des gènes C/EBPS par des voies de signalisation intracellulaire dans les cellules épithéliales intestinales." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1996. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3110.
Full textPAPIN, CATHERINE. "Etude biochimique et fonctionnelle des isoformes de l'oncoproteine b-raf (doctorat : bases fondamentales de l'oncogenese)." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA11T026.
Full textGouedard, Lucile. "Identification des voies de signalisation de l'hormone anti-Müllerienne." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA11T035.
Full textAnti-Müllerian hormone induces the regression of Müllerian ducts in male fetuses. It belongs to the transforming growth factor-P family, which includes bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and activin. Members ofthe family signal through two distinct receptors denoted type I and II. The ligand binding induces the assembly of a receptor complex in which the specifie type II receptor activates the type I receptor, which phosphorylates Smad proteins. Smad 1, 5 and 8 participate in BMP pathways and Smad2 and 3 transduce TGF-P and activin signals. A novel member of the type II receptor family was identified as the AMH type II receptor (AMHR-II). After biochemical characterization of this receptor, we have studied mutations of AMHR-II, observed in patients with persistent Müllerian duct syndrome. Sorne of them induce protein retention in the reticulum endoplasmic, leading to a binding defect. Other mutants can block signal propagation because they are dominant-negative. Another goal of my work was to visualize endogenous AMHR-II in AMH target cells. We produced a specifie antibody against AMHR-II. With this antibody, another mean of the laboratory demonstrated a cranial to caudal expression of AMHR-II protein in the Müllerian ducts, strictly correlated with the regression phenomenon. My main project was to identify the AMH type I receptor, among six type I receptors already cloned. We demonstrate that BMPR-IB 1 ALK-6 co-precipitates with AMHR-II in a ligand dependent manner. Moreover, Smad 1 is specifically activated by AMH, in testicular and ovarian celllines. In conclusion, it means that AMH and BMP share same type I receptor and Smad
Henaff, Morgana. "Etude in vitro des voies de signalisation intracellulaires impliquées dans la modulation de l'apoptose des myocytes cardiaques adultes." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066313.
Full textNissen, Johan. "Fonction de coactivateur in vivo et in vitro : lien entre la signalisation intracellulaire et la régulation génique." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20048.
Full textCottin, Vincent. "Signalisation intracellulaire par le récepteur CD120a pour le TNFα : rôle de la phosphorylation du domaine intracellulaire de CD120a dans la régulation des effets biologiques cellulaires du TNFα." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO1T026.
Full textZanin, Natacha. "Role de STAM dans la régulation endosomale de la signalisation JAK/STAT induite par les IFNs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS047.
Full textA decade ago, my laboratory established the first role of type I IFNs receptor (IFNAR) endocytosis in the control of Jak/STAT signaling induced by type 1 IFNs (Marchetti et al., 2006). A salient question is now to elucidate why and how IFNAR endocytosis could control the Jak/STAT pathway. Two key players of endosomal sorting retained our interest: Hrs (Hepatocyte growth factor-Regulated tyrosine kinase Substrate) and STAM (Signal Transducing Adaptor Molecule). These two classical components of the ESCRT-0 (Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport-0) complex were ideally placed at the interface between signaling and membrane trafficking. By using a combination of molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and fluorescent microscopy, we could establish that STAM binds to the IFNAR complex at the plasma membrane to exert an inhibitory effect on Jak/STAT signaling. This inhibition is removed when IFNAR is delivered to the sorting endosome by interacting with Hrs upon IFN-α stimulation. Based on shRNA down-expression and pharmacological inhibition, we further involve the PTP1B (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B) as it activates Jak/STAT signaling upon IFN stimulation. We could also show that PTP1B activation is inhibited by STAM at the plasma membrane from experiments where IFNAR endocytosis was blocked by siRNA-mediated clathrin down-expression. This was further confirmed by protein-protein interaction experiments (Proximity Ligation Assay) showing that STAM was constitutively associated with IFNAR1, whereas the interaction between IFNAR1 and Hrs occured only at the sorting endosome. Our results therefore allow to draw a model where STAM is a constitutive handbrake on Jak/STAT signaling at the plasma membrane that is released after IFNAR endocytosis and delivery to the sorting endosome. We further show that Hrs/STAM interaction at the early endosome allows to selectively distinguish the activation of Jak/STAT signaling mediated by IFN-α or IFN-β
Salsmann, Alexandre Kieffer Nelly. "Etude fonctionnelle de la signalisation intracellulaire médiée par l'intégrine alphaIIbbeta3 au cours de l'interaction avec le fibrinogène immobilisé." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2006_0001_SALSMANN.pdf.
Full textSalsmann, Alexandre. "Etude fonctionnelle de la signalisation intracellulaire médiée par l'intégrine alphaIIbbeta3 au cours de l'interaction avec le fibrinogène immobilisé." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0001_SALSMANN.pdf.
Full textThe platelet fibrinogen (fg) receptor integrin alphaIIbbeta3 plays a major role in platelet adhesion and platelet aggregation. Fibrinogen binding to integrin alphaIIbbeta3 is complicated since 2 recognition sites have been described: the universal tripeptide RGD site and a HHLGGAKQAGDV dodecapeptide sequence. However, it is still unclear whether these 2 recognition sites function independently, synergistically, or competitively. Here we have investigated the respective role of the dodecapeptide sequence and the RGD motif in the molecular events leading to ligand-induced alphaIIbbeta3-dependent CHO cell or human platelet spreading, by using intact fg, and well-characterized plasmin-generated fg fragments containing either the RGD motif (fragment C) or the dodecapeptide site (fragment D), and CHO cells expressing resting wt, constitutively active or non-functional receptors. Our data provide evidence that alphaIIbbeta3-dependent cell adhesion to immobilized fg is a two-step process: the dodecapeptide site by itself is first able to promote cell attachment by initiating alphaIIbbeta3 clustering, FAK phosphorylation and Rac1 activation while the RGD motif subsequently acts as a molecular switch on the beta3 subunit leading to mature focal adhesion formation, maximal RhoA activation, actin cytoskeleton organization and full cell spreading
Boutet, Marie. "Etude de l'activation et de la signalisation intracellulaire de l'intégrine αE (CD103)β7 dans les lymphocytes T CD8+." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077277.
Full textA major obstacle in the fight against cancer is the failure of proposed treatments. Improving the activation of cytotoxic effectors in the tumor is a major challenge to optimize anticancer therapies. S( my host laboratory has focused on the study of two lymphocyte populations - one after the tumor (TIL), the other end of the peripheral blood (PBL) - isolated populations from a patient suffering from lung cancer. The work carried out showed that TIL kill more efficiently the tumor cell line fron a lung tumor, thanks to the link of integrin alpha e (CD103) beta7 with the marker of epithelial cells, E-cadherin, in association with TCR engagement. In addition, a rich microenvironment in TGF-I31 induced the expression of CD103 on the surface of PBL, following recognition of the antigen, and improves its ability lysis. Our results indicate that integrin is involved in the migration and recruitment of CTL at the tumor site. Furthermore CD103, besides adhesion function, participates in the formation of the immunological synapse (SI) cytotoxic but is not necessary for the formation of the secretory SI. Cytotoxic SI is essential for the release of cytotoxic granules and also the passage oi the vesicles of the chemokine CCL5 in the SI. Activation and CD103 functions are regulated by signaling pathways induced following the interaction with its ligand and TCR engagement. Our work shows that in this case, the ILK protein is activated and plays a key role in the functions of the integrin. An environment rich in TGF-betal strongly ILK active, leading to a better grip and function of integrin CD103 in the tumor
Sonnier, Laure. "Un nouveau mode de signalisation par transfert intercellulaire de facteurs de transcription : du concept aux applications : l'exemple d'Engrailed." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066319.
Full textBéliveau, Éric. "Organisation de la réponse calcique intracellulaire dépendante du récepteur à l'inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate dans les cellules endothéliales." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5812.
Full textMarquette, Amélie. "Signalisation et oncogenèse dans le mélanome." Thesis, Paris Est, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PEST0079.
Full textMelanoma, the most aggressive skin tumor, has become a major public health problem in many countries. Diagnosed early, it can be treated by surgical excision, but the prognosis for advanced melanoma is very poor because the tumor is resistant to all therapies used today. In order to develop new therapies to treat this tumor, we study the signaling pathways that play a major role in the proliferation, survival and differentiation of melanocytes and melanoma. These are the MAPK, PI3K pathway and the cyclic AMP (cAMP). We first demonstrated that some phosphodiesterases (PDEs; physiological inhibitors of cAMP pathway) are overexpressed in melanoma lines and thus inhibit the differentiation of these cells. Overexpression of PDEs is necessary for melanocyte transformation by oncogenic Ras when the reactivation of the cAMP pathway in melanoma lines inhibits their proliferation. These data suggest a therapeutic strategy that would aim to stimulate the differentiation of melanoma by reactivating the cAMP pathway could help to inhibit their proliferation. We have also shown that the protein kinase B-Raf, which is frequently mutated in melanoma, however, was inactivated in melanomas containing a mutation of Ras. We demonstrated that this inhibition was due to a downregulation of B-Raf by Erk substrate. Indeed, Erk phosphorylates B-Raf on its amino-terminal to prevent its interaction with Ras. This negative regulatory mechanism of B-Raf melanoma is forcing these lines to use isoform C-Raf. This work has implications for the treatment of melanoma. Indeed, if B-Raf is not used for the activation of MAPK in N-Ras mutated melanoma, the B-Raf inhibitors in clinical development will be ineffective in these cancers. We also demonstrated that a kinase inhibitor of B-Raf and C-Raf, which is in clinical development (Sorafenib), induces the activation of these kinases by heterodimerization in regulating their phosphorylation. These results reveal new mechanisms of regulation of proto-oncogene B-Raf and C-Raf, which could play an important role in the resistance of melanoma to Raf inhibitors, which are currently in clinical development
Reutenauer, Bertoli Sarah. "Régulation et fonctions de CDC25A dans les leucémies aiguës myéloïdes avec mutation FLT3-ITD." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30112.
Full textWe studied the regulation and functions of Cell division cycle 25A (CDC25A), a phosphatase involved in the activation of the cyclin-dependent kinases during the cell cycle, in acute myeloid leukemia baring the mutation of the tyrosine kinase Fms-Like Tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) FLT3-ITD, which confers adverse prognosis. We show that CDC25A is an early target downstream of FLT3-ITD, contrarily to other cell cycle proteins, by a mechanism involving STAT5. CDC25A inhibition gives rise to inhibition of proliferation and reinduction of differentiation in FLT3-ITD primary cells and FLT3-ITD cell lines, in vitro and in vivo. CDC25A appears as a promising target in FLT3-ITD acute myeloid leukemia. We finally evaluated the prognostic value of CDC25A expression, at the mRNA and proteic level in a series of patients treated by intensive chemotherapy at Toulouse University Hospital
Ducas, Éric. "Étude de la signalisation intracellulaire suite à la variation du niveau d'interaction CD40-CD154 chez les lymphocytes B humains." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24814/24814.pdf.
Full textTERNISIEN, CATHERINE. "Etude des voies de signalisation intracellulaire impliquees dans l'expression du facteur tissulaire par les monocytes en reponse a l'endotoxine." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077307.
Full textRIVA, LAURENCE. "Caracterisation pharmacologique des recepteurs de l'angiotensine iv dans les cellules endotheliales d'aorte de porc et voies de signalisation intracellulaire." Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066309.
Full textDescamps, Simon. "Mise en évidence du rôle du Nerve Growth Factor dans le cancer du sein : effets biologiques et signalisation intracellulaire." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-129.pdf.
Full textBaranek, Thomas Le Naour Richard. "Régulation des monocytes et des cellules dendritiques par les produits de dégradation de l'élastine chez l'Homme." S.n. : S.l, 2007. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000693.pdf.
Full textOrtica, Sara. "Notch pathway in liver progenitors." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077175.
Full textNotch signalling is a highly conserved pathway that mediates short-range communications inter-cells. In mammals, four Notch receptors (Notch 1-4) are present. The receptor stands as a transmembrane heterodimer at the cell surface and it is activated after the interaction with a ligand. After a series of cleavages the activated form of the receptor (Nie) is translocated into the nucleus, where it activates target gene transcription. To get a better insight into the mechanisms of Notch function in liver progenitors we chose to use an in vitro System based on Bipotential Mouse Embryonic Liver (BMEL) cells. These progenitors can be maintained in the undifferentiated state or differentiated into hepatocytes or cholangiocytes. Our results show that Notch is active in undifferentiated BMEL cells, and that its inhibition decreases BMEL cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, through inhibition of S phase entry. Nic2 and Nic4 can complement the inhibition on proliferation, while Nic3 impairs proliferation and increases multinucleation. Moreover, we find that Nic3 is conducive of hepatocytic specification, while the other Notch receptors inhibit this fate. In conclusion, we show that the four Notch receptors have non-redundant roles during liver development, and that the type of the receptor involved can be more important than the overall pathway activation. Finally, we tested the effects of Numb, a Notch inhibitor upregulated upon hepatocytic commitment. Expression of Numb in undifferentiated progenitors reduces their proliferation rate, and induces a hepatocyte-like phenotype with large and multinucleated cells expressing hepatocytic markers
Ducret, Thomas. "Etude de la signalisation intracellulaire associée au recepteur de la prolactine dans une lignée d'astrocytes tumoraux humains (cellules U87-MG)." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21037.
Full textIn spite of the multiplicity of prolactin (PRL) physiological effects and its target tissues, the intracellular mechanisms mediating these effects are not clearly understood. So we have studied the effects of PRL on ionic conductances and [Ca2+]i, as well as the intracellular pathways, in the human malignant astrocytoma cell line U87-MG. Using microspectrofluorimetry, fluorescence confocal microscopy and electrophysiology (patch-clamp), we show that PRL induces the activation of a Ca2+ -dependant K+ conductance, associated with a Ca2+ entry through second messenger-operated and voltage-independent Ca2+ channels. We also show that PRL exerts proliferative and anti-apoptotique effects in the U87-MG cells. The establishment of the link between these different phenomenons should allow a better understanding of PRL action mechanisms, but also its possible implication in cell tumorisation
Ibarz, Géraldine. "Etude pharmacologique de la signalisation intracellulaire d'un récepteur couplé aux protéines G : le récepteur de la cholécystokinine de type I." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON13503.
Full textPommier, Blandine. "Récepteur à la cholécystokinine de type 2 : étude des voies de signalisation intracellulaires et rôle sans la régulation du système opioi͏̈de endogène." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05P603.
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