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1
Bobbia, Serge. "Vers le développement d'un capteur photoplétysmographique sans contact." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCK003/document.
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La mesure cardiaque sans contact réalisée grâce aux méthodes de photopléthysmographie sans contact est un domaine de recherche très actif. Depuis l'introduction en 2010 d'une nouvelle méthode de mesure avec des capteurs optiques d'entrée de gamme (webcam PC), les travaux de recherche se sont multipliés. Ainsi, on observe une plus grande diversité des méthodes proposées afin de réaliser la mesure. Egalement, la précision de la mesure a grandement progressé et les scénarios et possibilités d'usage de la technologie sont aujourd'hui très nombreux. Au cœur de ce processus de mesure, la segmentation dans l'image de la ou les zones d'intérêt est une étape clé. Nous proposons dans cette thèse une méthode innovante afin de réaliser la mesure photoplethysmographique sans contact en identifiant implicitement les zones de peau vivante dans la vidéo. Nous avons montré que notre approche permet d'améliorer la qualité de la mesure en favorisant les zones dans l'image où le signal est de plus grande qualité. Afin de rendre possible l'intégration de notre solution, nous avons proposé une nouvelle méthode de segmentation en superpixels, nommée IBIS, qui permet de réduire la complexité algorithmique de cette étape du traitement. Ce faisant, nous avons démontré la faisabilité de l'intégration de notre solution au sein d'une plateforme embarquée. Les différentes méthodes ont été évaluées au travers de plusieurs expérimentations afin de valider leurs performances. Notre méthode de segmentation en superpixels est comparée aux méthodes de l'état de l'art tandis que nous avons implémenté plusieurs des méthodes de mesure du signal photoplethysmographique afin de discuter de l'impact de notre approche sur la qualité de la mesure photoplethysmographique. Que ce soit pour la segmentation en superpixels ou pour l'estimation du rythme cardiaque sans contact, nous avons montré une importante plus-value de nos méthodes comparées à celles disponibles dans la littérature. Les différents travaux présentés dans ce document ont été valorisés au travers de publications en conférences et revueHeart-rate estimation performed with remote photoplethysmography is a very active research field. Since pioneer works in 2010, which demonstrated the feasibility of the measure with low-grade consumers’ camera (webcam), the number of scientific publications have increased significantly in the domain. Hence, we observe a multiplication of the methods in order to retrieve the photoplethysmographic signal which has led to an increased precision and quality of the heart-rate estimation. Region of interest segmentation is a key step of the processing pipeline in order to maximize the quality of the measured signal. We propose a new method to perform remote photoplethysmographic measurement using an implicit living skin identification method. Hence, we have shown that our approach lead to an improvement in both quality of the signal measured and precision of the heart-rate estimation by favoring more contributive area. As we are working with hardware integration constraint, we propose a new superpixels segmentation method which requires significantly less computation power than state of the art methods by reducing the algorithmic complexity of this step. Moreover, we have demonstrated the integration and real time capabilities by implementing our solution to an embedded device. All of our proposed method have been evaluated through different experimentations. Our new segmentation method, called IBIS, have been compared to state of the art methods to quantify the quality of the produced segmentation. To quantify the impact of our approach on the quality of the photoplethysmographic measure, we have implemented and compared state of the art methods with our proposed method. For both the superpixels segmentation and remote heart-rate estimation, our methods have shown great results and advantages compared to state of the art ones. Our works have been reviewed by the scientific community through several conference presentations and journal publications
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Elfaramawy, Tamer. "Conception et implémentation d'un réseau sans-fil pour la surveillance continue des signes vitaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33287.
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Les dépenses de santé augmentent continuellement année après année et prennent une grande partie du budget d’un pays. Pendant les soins médicaux, les signes vitaux, tels que le rythme cardiaque et la respiration, sont des paramètres clés qui sont surveillés en permanence. La toux est un indicateur important de plusieurs problèmes comme la maladie pulmonaire obstructive chronique (MPOC), et c’est aussi la principale raison pour laquelle les patients consultent un médecin. En fait, c’est un mécanisme de défense pulmonaire des voies respiratoires qui permet l’expulsion de substances indésirables et irritantes. Les capteurs de corps sans fil sont de plus en plus utilisés par les cliniciens et les chercheurs, dans un large éventail d’applications telles que le sport, l’ingénierie spatiale et la médecine. La surveillance des signes vitaux en temps réel peut considérablement augmenter la précision du diagnostic et peut permettre des méthodes de guérison automatiques, par exemple, la détection et l’arrêt des crises d’épilepsie ou de narcolepsie. Les paramètres respiratoires sont essentiels en oxygénothérapie, en milieu hospitalier et en surveillance ambulatoire, tandis que l’évaluation de la sévérité de la toux est essentielle pour traiter plusieurs maladies, comme la bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive (BPCO). Dans cette thèse, un système de surveillance respiratoire sans fil de faible puissance avec détection de la toux est présenté. Ce système utilise des capteurs multimodaux, portables et sans-fils, conçus à l’aide de composants conventionnels disponibles dans le commerce. Ces capteurs portables utilisent une unité de mesure inertielle à 9 axes de faible puissance pour mesurer la fréquence respiratoire, et un microphone MEMS pour effectuer la détection de la toux. L’architecture de chaque capteur sans fil est présentée. De plus, les résultats montrent que le capteur à petite taille de 26,67 x 65,53 mm² consomme environ 12 à 16,2 mA et peut durer au moins 6 heures avec une batterie lithium-ion miniature de 100 mA. L’unité d’acquisition, l’unité de communication sans fil et les algorithmes de traitement de données sont décrits. Les performances du réseau de capteurs sont présentées pour des tests expérimentaux en comparant avec la pléthysmographie d’inductance respiratoire.Health care expenses are continuously increasing year after year and taking a large part of a country’s budget. During medical care, vital signs, such as heart and breathing rates, are key parameters that are continuously monitored. Coughing is a prominent indicator of several problems such as COPD, and it is also the main reason for why patients seek medical advice. In fact, it is a pulmonary defense mechanism of the respiratory tract that allows the expulsion of undesirable and irritating substances. Wireless body sensors are increasingly used by clinicians and researchers, in a wide range of applications such as sports, space engineering and medicine. Monitoring vital signs in real time can dramatically increase diagnosis accuracy and enable automatic curing procedures, e.g. detect and stop epilepsy or narcolepsy seizures. Breathing parameters are critical in oxygen therapy, hospital and ambulatory monitoring, while the assessment of cough severity is essential when dealing with several diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this thesis, a low-power wireless respiratory monitoring system with cough detection is proposed to measure the breathing rate and the frequency of coughing. This system uses wearable wireless multimodal patch sensors, designed using off the shelf components. These wearable sensors use a low-power 9-axis inertial measurement unit to measure the respiratory frequency, and a MEMs microphone to perform cough detection. The architecture of each wireless patch-sensor is presented. In fact, the results show that the small 26.67 x 65.53 mm² patch-sensor consumes around 12 to 16.2 mA, and can last at least 6 hours with a miniature 100 mA lithium ion battery. The acquisition unit, the wireless communication unit and the data processing algorithms are described. The proposed network performance is presented for experimental tests with a freely behaving user in parallel with the gold standard respiratory inductance plethysmography
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Sadek, Ibrahim Hussein Tahoun Ibrahim. "Télésurveillance nocturne non intrusive de signes vitaux dans des environnements d’assistance à l’autonomie à domicile." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS102/document.
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Les approches actuelles pour diagnostiquer les troubles du sommeil sont lourdes, intrusives et peuvent influer sur la qualité du sommeil du patient. Il y a donc un besoin crucial de systèmes moins encombrants pour diagnostiquer les problèmes liés au sommeil. Nous proposons d'utiliser un nouveau système de suivi du sommeil non intrusif basé sur un tapis à fibre optique à microflexion placée sous le matelas de lit. La qualité du sommeil est évaluée en fonction de différents paramètres, y compris la fréquence cardiaque, le rythme respiratoire, les mouvements du corps, l’heure du réveil, la durée du sommeil, le mouvement nocturne et l’heure du coucher. Le système proposé a été validé dans un environnement de santé et de bien-être, en plus d'un environnement clinique comme suit. Dans le premier cas, la fréquence cardiaque est mesurée à partir de signaux ballistocardiogramme bruités acquis de 50 volontaires en position assise à l'aide d'une chaise de massage. Les signaux sont recueillis discrètement à partir d'un capteur de fibre optique microflexible intégrée dans l'appui-tête de la chaise, puis transmis à un ordinateur par une connexion Bluetooth. La fréquence cardiaque est calculée à l'aide de l'analyse multi-résolution de la transformée discrète en ondelettes à chevauchement maximal. L'erreur entre la méthode proposée et électrocardiogramme de référence est estimée en battements par minute en utilisant l'erreur absolue moyenne où le système a obtenu des résultats relativement bons (10.12±4.69) malgré la quantité remarquable d'artefact de mouvement produit en raison des fréquents mouvements corporels et/ou vibrations de la chaise de massage pendant le massage de soulagement du stress. Contrairement à l'algorithme complet de décomposition du mode empirique de l'ensemble, précédemment utilisé pour l'estimation de la fréquence cardiaque, le système proposé est beaucoup plus rapide. Par conséquent, il peut être utilisé dans les applications temps réel. Dans ce dernier cas, nous avons évalué la capacité du capteur de fibre optique microflexible pour suivre la fréquence cardiaque et la respiration d’une manière discrète. En outre, nous avons testé la capacité du capteur dans la discrimination entre la respiration superficielle et pas de respiration. Le capteur proposé a été comparé à un dispositif de surveillance portatif à trois canaux (ApneaLink) dans un milieu clinique au cours d'une endoscopie sous anesthésie. Parmi les dix patients recrutés pour notre étude, le système a obtenu des résultats satisfaisants quant à la fréquence cardiaque moyenne et quant à la fréquence respiratoire moyenne avec une erreur de 0.55 ± 0.59 battements/minute et de 0.38 ± 0.32 respirations/minute, respectivement. De plus, le coefficient de corrélation Pearson entre le capteur proposé et le dispositif de référence était de 0.96 et 0.78 pour la fréquence cardiaque et la respiration, respectivement. Au contraire, le capteur proposé a fourni une très faible sensibilité (24.24 ± 12.81%) et une spécificité relativement élevée (85.88 ± 6.01%) pour la détection de l'apnée du sommeil. On s'attend à ce que cette recherche préliminaire ouvre la voie vers la détection discrète de l'apnée obstructive du sommeil en temps réel. Suite à la validation réussie du système proposé, nous avons déployé avec succès notre système de surveillance du sommeil pendant plus de 6 mois dans treize appartements habités principalement par les personnes âgées. Néanmoins, dans cette recherche, nous nous concentrons sur un déploiement d'un mois avec trois résidents seniors de sexe féminin. Le système proposé montre l’accord avec l’enquête utilisateur recueillie avant l'étude. En outre, le système est intégré dans une plate-forme d’autonomie assistée existante avec une interface conviviale pour rendre plus commode pour les aidants le suivi des paramètres de sommeil des résidentsThe current approaches for diagnosing sleep disorders are burdensome, intrusive, and can affect the patient’s sleep quality. As a result, there is a crucial need for less cumbersome systems to diagnose sleep-related problems. We propose to use a novel nonintrusive sleep monitoring system based on a microbend fiber-optic mat placed under the bed mattress. The sleep quality is assessed based on different parameters, including heart rate, breathing rate, body movements, wake up time, sleep time, night movement, and bedtime. The proposed system has been validated in a health and wellness environment in addition to a clinical environment as follows. In the former case, the heart rate is measured from noisy ballistocardiogram signals acquired from 50 human volunteers in a sitting position using a massage chair. The signals are unobtrusively collected from a microbend fiber optic sensor embedded within the headrest of the chair and then transmitted to a computer through a Bluetooth connection. The heart rate is computed using the multiresolution analysis of the maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform. The error between the proposed method and the reference ECG is estimated in beats per minute using the mean absolute error where the system achieved relatively good results (10.12 ± 4.69) despite the remarkable amount of motion artifact produced owing to the frequent body movements and/or vibrations of the massage chair during stress relief massage. Unlike the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition algorithm, previously employed for heart rate estimation, the suggested system is much faster. Hence, it can be used in real-time applications. In the latter case, we evaluated the capacity of the microbend fiber optic sensor to monitor heart rate and respiration unobtrusively. In addition, we tested the capacity of the sensor in discriminating between shallow breathing and no breathing. The proposed sensor was compared to a three-channel portable monitoring device (ApneaLink) in a clinical setting during a drug-induced sleep endoscopy. Across all ten patients recruited for our study, the system achieved satisfactory results in the mean heart rate and the mean respiratory rate with an error of 0.55±0.59 beats/minute and 0.38 ± 0.32 breaths/minute, respectively. Besides, the Pearson correlation coefficient between the proposed sensor and the reference device was 0.96 and 0.78 for heart rate and respiration, respectively. On the contrary, the proposed sensor provided a very low sensitivity (24.24 ± 12.81%) and a relatively high specificity (85.88 ± 6.01%) for sleep apnea detection. It is expected that this preliminary research will pave the way toward unobtrusive detection of obstructive sleep apnea in real-time. Following successful validation of the proposed system, we have successfully deployed our sleep monitoring system in thirteen apartments with mainly senior residents over six months. Nevertheless, in this research, we concentrate on a one-month deployment with three senior female residents. The proposed system shows an agreement with a user’s survey collected before the study. Furthermore, the system is integrated within an existing ambient assisted living platform with a user-friendly interface to make it more convenient for the caregivers to follow-up the sleep parameters of the residents
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Sekak, Fatima. "Microwave radar techniques and dedicated signal processing for Vital Signs measurement." Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/EDENGSYS/2021/2021LILUN033.pdf.
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Dans le contexte de la sécurisation des systèmes de transport, la surveillance à courte distance de l’activité des personnes, en particulier du conducteur dans un véhicule, constitue un enjeu majeur dans l’amélioration du système d’aide à la conduite. L’application visée dans ce travail concerne principalement le domaine du ferroviaire.Les fréquences respiratoire et cardiaque du conducteur sont des indicateurs clés pour l’évaluation de l’état physiologique. Les méthodes de mesure conventionnelles de ces signes vitaux reposent sur des capteurs opérant en contact direct avec la peau. Par conséquent, le caractère intrusif de ces solutions ne s’avère pas adapté au domaine du transport, en particulier du fait de la gêne induite. Dans le cadre de ces travaux, une solution radar hyperfréquence opérant à faible puissance est proposée pour la mesure en continue des signaux d’activités respiratoire et cardiaque. En particulier, les signaux physiologiques (battements du cœur, mouvement mécanique de la cage thoracique) sont des indicateurs de l’activité humaine qui peuvent être détectés à distance (jusqu’à une dizaine de mètres) au moyen d’ondes électromagnétiques hyperfréquences rayonnées.Bien que la littérature montre un engouement grandissant pour le développement de techniques radars dédiés à la surveillance des personnes, il n’existe pas, à ce jour, de dispositif commercial robuste, sensible et précis. Une analyse fine des paramètres électriques et géométriques de la technique radar est proposée dans ce travail afin d’identifier les sources d’incertitudes, de définir les paramètres optimaux, de valider expérimentalement la solution proposée. Un traitement de signal original, basé sur l’approche cyclostationnaire, est mis en œuvre afin d’extraire les paramètres d’intérêt dans des environnements de mesure de référence ou perturbés. Les solutions matérielles proposées associées à un traitement de signal optimal permettent d’entrevoir des architectures de radar adaptées aux contingences hors laboratoireIn the context of securing transportation systems, short-range monitoring of people's activity, in particular the driver's activity in a vehicle, is a major issue in the improvement of the driver assistance system. The application targeted in this work concerns mainly the railway domain.Respiratory and heart rates of the driver are key indicators for the evaluation of the physiological state. Conventional methods of measuring these vital signs rely on sensors operating in direct contact with the skin. Therefore, the intrusive character of these solutions is not suited for the transportation domain, especially because of the induced discomfort. In this work, a microwave radar solution operating at low power is proposed for the continuous measurement of respiratory and cardiac activity signals. In particular, physiological signals (heartbeat, mechanical movement of the rib cage) are indicators of human activity that can be detected at a distance (up to ten meters) using radiated microwave electromagnetic waves.Although the literature shows a growing interest in the development of radar techniques dedicated to the surveillance of people, there is no robust, sensitive and accurate commercial device available to date. A detailed analysis of the electrical and geometrical parameters of the radar technique is proposed in this work in order to identify the sources of uncertainties, to define the optimal parameters, to validate experimentally the proposed solution. An original signal processing, based on the cyclostationary approach, is implemented in order to extract the parameters of interest in reference or disturbed measurement environments. The proposed hardware solutions associated with an optimal signal processing allow to foresee radar architectures adapted to non-laboratory contingencies
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Chauvin, Ronan. "Mesure du rythme respiratoire sans contact." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/147.
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Une séance de téléréadaptation consiste à mettre en interaction une personne sous traitement dans son lieu de résidence avec un professionnel dans une clinique, via Internet, dans le but de mener à distance une consultation ou un traitement. Un exemple typique de séances de téléréadaptation implique la tenue d'exercices sur vélo stationnaire, accompagnés entre autres de la mesure de signes vitaux. Actuellement, le système utilisé par l'équipe de recherche en téléréadaptation de l'Université de Sherbrooke mesure seulement le rythme cardiaque ainsi que la saturation d'oxygène du patient. Pour que les cliniciens puissent avoir plus d'informations sur l'activité de la personne et donc pouvoir mieux adapter leurs consignes lors des séances, il faut que des informations supplémentaires soient ajoutées, telles que le rythme respiratoire, l'échelle de Borg, la vitesse et le niveau de résistance sélectionné lors de séances sur un vélo stationnaire. Ce projet de maîtrise porte sur une de ces mesures, soit celle du rythme respiratoire sans contact. La détection sans contact est moins gênante pour le patient, non biaisée et ne demande pas le port d'un capteur supplémentaire. L'objectif principal du projet est de développer une technique de mesure du rythme respiratoire sans contact utilisant une caméra thermique pan-tilt montée sur un trépied et placée devant le vélo stationnaire. Le système doit être capable de suivre la région bouche-nez d'une personne en temps réel lorsqu'elle est en mouvement grâce à un algorithme de suivi traitant une séquence d'images. La première étape a consisté à passer en revue les techniques envisageables pour mesurer le rythme respiratoire. Ensuite, il a été nécessaire de sélectionner une technique de mesure sans contact, de l'implémenter, de la rendre robuste aux mouvements, et de la tester en conditions réelles. Enfin, les performances du système développé ont été évaluées en comparant ce dernier avec une mesure provenant d'une ceinture respiratoire. Les résultats démontrent que le système fonctionne en temps réel lorsque le patient déplace ou effectue des rotations de sa tête sur le vélo stationnaire. Des recommandations sont faites pour minimiser les limitations du système, par exemple en cas de présence de personnes dans l'arrière-plan ou lorsque le patient parle. Le système réalisé est maintenant prêt pour être déployé lors de sessions de téléréadaptation à domicile afin de vérifier l'acceptabilité et la facilité d'utilisation du système.
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Merelle, Vincent. "Concept de radars novateurs pour la vision à travers les milieux opaques." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LAROS017/document.
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La « vision » à travers les milieux opaques (murs, cloisons, décombres, ou plus généralement tout milieu qui occulte la vision humaine) est l’un des problèmes clefs du contrôle et de la sécurité. Il apparaît à l’heure actuelle un réel besoin de disposer de dispositifs d’observation à travers ces milieux pour des applications tant militaires (lors des assauts, des prises d’otages, etc.) que civiles (recherche de personnes enfouies dans des décombres, dans un incendie, etc). Les avancées sur cette problématique ont conduit à mettre en place des systèmes radars à très courte portée, opérationnels pour la détection et le tracking de personnes dans des environnements simples. Cependant ils nécessitent que les cibles soient en déplacement afin de les différencier des objets statiques. Cette limitation constitue un défaut majeur pour un certain nombre de scénarii réels où des personnes, par stratégie ou par contrainte, restent immobiles. Ces travaux de thèse visent à explorer les mécanismes de détection de personnes statiques par le biais de leurs micro-mouvements, e.g. des mouvements induits par le thorax lors de la respiration. Nous avons étudié - d’un point de vue théorique - les principes physiques sous-jacents à la détection de ces micro-mouvements par radar UWB impulsionnel à partir du mécanisme Doppler impulsionnel. Ce dernier s’appuie sur des mesures consécutives des phases des impulsions réfléchies. La compréhension de ce phénomène a permis de définir une architecture radar impulsionnelle et de la positionner, en termes de contributions, au regard des différents radars UWB proposés dans la littérature : le FMCW et le radar de bruit. Deux dispositifs radars ont servi de support à ce travail. Le premier, de type démonstrateur académique, repose sur l’utilisation d’un oscilloscope rapide pour numériser les impulsions UWB de 3 à 6 GHz de bande. Il a permis de mettre en place une chaîne de traitement complète de vision à travers les murs. Le second dispositif est un prototype radar développé autour d’une plateforme de numérisation ultra-rapide (100 Gsps par échantillonnage équivalent) de fréquence de rafraîchissement très élevée (100 Hz). Il est construit autour d’un FPGA, d’un ADC rapide (1,25 GHz) et d’un T&H très large bande (18 GHz). Il permet ainsi la détection des micro-mouvements par traitement Doppler impulsionnel"Vision" through opaque environments (walls, partitions, rubble, or any environment that obscures human vision) is one of the key issues of control and security. Advances on this issue have led to operational shortrange radar systems for people detection and tracking in simple environments. However, most of them require the targets to move in order to differentiate them from static objects. This requirement constitues a major shortcoming for a certain number of real scenarios where people, by strategies or by constraints, remain motionless. Hence, this thesis aims to explore the mechanisms of detection of static people through their micro-movements, e.g. movements induced by the thorax during breathing. We have studied - from a theoretical point of view - the physical principles underlying the detection of these micro-movements by pulsed UWB radar with the pulsed Doppler phenomenon, which relies on consecutive measurements of the reflected pulses phases. The understanding of this phenomenon made it possible to define a radar architecture and to position it, in terms of contributions, with regard to the different UWB radars proposed in the literature : the FMCW and the noise radar. Two radar devices served as support for this work. An academic demonstrator based on the use of a fast oscilloscope to digitize the pulses. It allowed to set up a complete processing chain for the application of vision through the walls. The second device is a radar prototype developed around a high-speed scanning platform (100 Gsps perequivalent sampling) with a very high refresh rate (100 Hz). This prototype is built around an FPGA, a fast ADC (1.25 GHz) and a very wide band T&H (18 GHz). This thereby enables to detect micro-movements by pulsed Doppler processing
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de, Mander Jessica, and Jonathan Danielson. "Modified Early Warning Score bland onkologiska patienter innan dödsfall." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-215577.
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Bakgrund: Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) är ett bedömningsinstrument för utvärdering av patienters vitalparametrar. Verktygets funktion är att genom strukturerade observationer identifiera patienter med sviktande vitala funktioner, och således kunna vidta åtgärder innan patienten avlider eller kräver intensivvård. Nyttan av MEWS inom onkologisk heldygnsvård är än så länge dokumenterat i mycket liten utsträckning. En studie från 2012 indikerar att MEWS inte är ett effektivt verktyg för att förutse försämringar hos onkologiska patienter. Syfte: Att undersöka om patienter inom onkologisk vård uppvisar MEWS 0-17 poäng veckan innan dödsfall. Vidare ämnar författarna vilka specifika parametrar inom MEWS som orsakade förhöjda totalpoäng, samt om några skillnader föreligger mellan män och kvinnor. Metod: Retrospektiv journalgranskningsstudie där dokumentation av MEWS-bedömningar granskades i 70 patientjournaler. Resultat: Undersökningsgruppen hade ett genomsnittligt MEWS på 2,99 under den sista levnadsveckan. Av de enskilda variablerna inom MEWS var andningsfrekvens den som oftast gav poäng ≥1. Det genomsnittliga värdet av MEWS steg från 3,13 poäng det sjunde sista till 8 poäng det sista levnadsdygnet, men på grund av den låga frekvensen av mätningar under det sista levnadsdygnet kan inga slutsatser dras från resultatet. Inga signifikanta skillnader mellan män och kvinnor har identifierats. Låg förekomst av registrerade MEWS hos avlidna onkologpatienter orsakade ett stort initialt bortfall. Slutsats: Studien indikerar att MEWS används i liten utsträckning på onkologiska patienter innan dödsfall. Det är dock inte möjligt att med detta underlag uttala sig om huruvida MEWS är ett relevant verktyg inom den onkologiska vården, och vidare forskning måste därför göras.Background: Modified Early Warning Score, MEWS, is a scoring system (0-17 points) for assessment of patients’ vital signs. The function of MEWS is to detect deteriating patients at an early stage, and being able to put in adequate treatment before their physical condition worsens. The benefits from using MEWS on oncology patients have so far been researched to small extent. A study from 2012 indicates that MEWS is not an effective tool for detecting deteriation in oncology patients. Objective: To research if oncology patients have scores 0-17 on MEWS measurements the week before they are deceased. The writers also intend to research which certain parameters within MEWS caused higher overall scores, and lastly whether there are any differences in scores between men and women. Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was performed on a total of 104 MEWS measurements belonging to 70 deceased patients. Results: The main results show an average MEWS of 2,99 points during the last week of the patients’ lives. Respiratory rate was the variable within MEWS to cause elevated scores (≥1) most often. The average MEWS increased from 3,13 points the seventh day before death to 8 points the last day before death, but due to the low frequency of measurements from the last day of the patients’ lives, it is not possible to make any assumptions based on these results. Furthermore, the initial loss of patients meeting the inclusion criteria was substantial due to low prevalence of registered MEWS. Conclusion: The results indicate that MEWS is not used on oncology patients to a great extent. It is not, however, possible to determine whether MEWS is a relevant assessment tool in care of oncology patients, and further research is therefore needed.
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Walcon, Erin Colleen. "Vital spaces/vital signs : young people, performance, identity and dialogue." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/9785.
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This thesis advocates that young people’s participatory theatre in Britain is an important site for dialogue - both internally between young people and externally with those in positions of power and authority who have decision-making responsibilities in young people’s lives. Contextualising the work within the field of critical pedagogy, the thesis asks questions about how devised theatre with young participants can be an effective method to start conversations about young people’s identity and role in society. The research was conducted within a Participatory Action Research methodology, and involved about 600 young people from across Devon in a variety of pilot projects which became increasingly dialogic in form over the three years of study. Looking first at the complex issue of ‘youth’ identity within sociology, cultural studies, ethnography and geography, the thesis posits that the fields of theatre and performance studies have important contributions to make to an understanding of how identity is a performed and constructed concept. Building upon this premise, the second chapter overviews the existing field of young people’s participatory theatre in the UK, stipulating that a pedagogical framework built on an historicized understanding of educational theatre is essential to mapping the existing state of practice. This pedagogical framing allows for navigation through the increasingly impact-driven criteria which can profoundly shape the aesthetics and authorship of such work when conducted in the field. These (often silent) shaping forces are analysed through a set of case study examples. Chapter III defines and defends the framing of this work as a form of critical pedagogy, specifically exploring the definitions of dialogue and literac(ies) through case study examples of dialogic practice with young participants. Chapters IV and V examine the PAR research conducted over three years under the heading Vital Spaces/Vital Signs, which moved from small-scale pilot projects in youth centres to larger-scale ‘devised dialogues’ within more traditional theatre spaces. The praxis and findings encountered within the action research are detailed, and recommendations for future extended dialogic work are made.
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Chandrasekaran, Vikram. "Measuring Vital Signs Using Smart Phones." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc33139/.
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Smart phones today have become increasingly popular with the general public for its diverse abilities like navigation, social networking, and multimedia facilities to name a few. These phones are equipped with high end processors, high resolution cameras, built-in sensors like accelerometer, orientation-sensor, light-sensor, and much more. According to comScore survey, 25.3% of US adults use smart phones in their daily lives. Motivated by the capability of smart phones and their extensive usage, I focused on utilizing them for bio-medical applications. In this thesis, I present a new application for a smart phone to quantify the vital signs such as heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure with the help of its built-in sensors. Using the camera and a microphone, I have shown how the blood pressure and heart rate can be determined for a subject. People sometimes encounter minor situations like fainting or fatal accidents like car crash at unexpected times and places. It would be useful to have a device which can measure all vital signs in such an event. The second part of this thesis demonstrates a new mode of communication for next generation 9-1-1 calls. In this new architecture, the call-taker will be able to control the multimedia elements in the phone from a remote location. This would help the call-taker or first responder to have a better control over the situation. Transmission of the vital signs measured using the smart phone can be a life saver in critical situations. In today's voice oriented 9-1-1 calls, the dispatcher first collects critical information (e.g., location, call-back number) from caller, and assesses the situation. Meanwhile, the dispatchers constantly face a "60-second dilemma"; i.e., within 60 seconds, they need to make a complicated but important decision, whether to dispatch and, if so, what to dispatch. The dispatchers often feel that they lack sufficient information to make a confident dispatch decision. This remote-media-control described in this system will be able to facilitate information acquisition and decision-making in emergency situations within the 60-second response window in 9-1-1 calls using new multimedia technologies.
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Gozzi, Svensson Viktoria, and Sofia Sundbom. "Kartläggning av Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) hos patienter med kirurgiska åkommor." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202741.
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SAMMANFATTNING Bakgrund: Patienter på kirurgavdelningar är komplexa såtillvida att de förutom den kirurgiska åkomman kan ha olika medicinska diagnoser vilket ofta komplicerar både vården, behandlingen samt medför svårigheter i att upptäcka ett försämrat tillstånd. För att kunna bedöma patientens tillstånd och få en uppfattning om hur denne mår måste objektiva och lätt mätbara parametrar användas. Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS) är ett poängsystem som mäter några av patientens vitala funktioner och baseras på sex mätbara/bedömningsbara funktioner: andningsfrekvens, puls, systoliskt blodtryck, kroppstemperatur, vakenhet och urinmängd. Poängsumman varierar mellan 0 och 17, där 0 är normalt. Syfte: Att kartlägga fördelningen av poäng enligt MEWS hos akuta patienter med kirurgiska åkommor på två kirurgavdelningar på ett universitetssjukhus i Sverige samt undersöka vilka åtgärder som vidtagits vid respektive poäng enligt MEWS. Metod: Retrospektiv journalgranskningsstudie där dokumentation av mätningar med MEWS för 94 patienter granskades. Resultat: Totalt återfanns 229 poäng enligt MEWS varav 76 var från mätningar vid ankomst till avdelning och resterande 153 från mätningar under fortsatt vårdtid. Antalet MEWS-mätningar per patient varierade mellan 1 och 31. Nitton åtgärder som ingår i sjuksköterskans profession kopplade till en poäng enligt MEWS återfanns. De mest förekommande åtgärderna var att ge smärtstillande läkemedel på generell ordination samt att utföra upprepade kontroller av patientens vitala funktioner. Tjugotvå medicinska åtgärder kopplade till en poäng enligt MEWS återfanns. De mest förekommande medicinska åtgärderna var att ordinera provtagning eller odling samt att ordinera extra dropp. Inte i något fall ledde en poäng enligt MEWS till att någon patient flyttade till en högre vårdnivå. Slutsats: Det fanns mätningar enligt MEWS för 85 % av patienterna där medianpoängen var 1 av maximala 17. Medianpoängen när åtgärd som ingår i sjuksköterskans profession eller medicinska åtgärder vidtogs var 4. De vanligaste åtgärderna var att ge smärtstillande läkemedel på generell ordination, göra upprepade kontroller, ordinera provtagning, odling eller extra dropp.ABSTRACT Background: Patients with surgical conditions are complex, since many patients have various medical diagnoses besides their surgical condition. Apart from complicating care and treatment, this makes it difficult to detect deterioration in the patient's condition. In order to assess the patient's condition, objective and easily measurable parameters are preferably used. A scoring system, the Modified Ear ly Waming Score, MEWS, was developed in the early 1990s and based on some ofthe patient's vital functions: respiratory rate, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, body temperature, alertness/awareness and urine output. The result varies between 0 and 17, with 0 demonstrating normal vital functions. Objective: To describe the distribution of MEWS scores for emergency patients with surgical condi tions in two surgical wards at a university hospital in Sweden, and to examine what actions had been taken based on the MEWS scores. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on MEWS measurements and medical records for 94 patients. Results: In total, 229 MEWS measurements had been performed, ofwhich 76 were taken on arrival at the ward, and the remaining 153 <luring the continued hospitalization. The number ofMEWS measurements per patient ranged from 1 to 31. Nineteen actions, based on MEWS scores, related the nursing professions were found, with the administration of painkillers and repeated checks ofthe pa tient's vital functions, being the two most common. Twenty-two medical procedures, based on MEWS scores, were identified, where sampling for bacterial cultures or prescribing extra intravenous fluid were the most frequent. No patient was transferred toa higher level of care because of their MEWS score. Conclusion: MEWS measurements were performed in 85% of the patients and the median result was 1 of maximum 17. Different actions, related the nursing or medical profession, were taken at a me dian result of 4. No patient was transferred toa higher level of care. The most common actions were administration of painkillers, repeated checks ofthe patient's vital functions, sampling for bacterial cultures and prescribing extra intravenous fluid
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Tram, Susan, and Sara Sundvik. "Musikens påverkan på postoperativ smärta." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397030.
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Bakgrund: Årligen genomförs cirka 740 000 kirurgiska ingrepp inom slutenvården i Sverige som resulterar i postoperativ smärta. Postoperativ smärta är en typ av akut vävnadsskadesmärta som upplevs till följd av kirurgiskt ingrepp. Om obehandlad kan postoperativ smärta resultera sig i kronisk smärta, försämrad livskvalitet och ökad mortalitet. Musikterapi är en biverkningsfri och icke farmakologisk metod som kan implementeras i vården som ett komplement till traditionell behandling för att lindra postoperativ smärta samt öka patienternas välbefinnande. Syfte: Att undersöka vilken påverkan musik har på postoperativ smärta och de fysiologiska reaktioner som uppstår vid postoperativ smärta. Metod: Denna studie är en beskrivande allmän litteraturstudie med kvantativ ansats. Artikelsökningarna genomfördes i PubMeds– och CINAHLs databas med hjälp av MeSH genererade söktermer, där elva originalartiklar valdes att inkluderas i studien. Utav dessa var det en artikel som efter kvalitetsgranskning exkluderades, då dess kvalité inte var av medel eller högre kvalité. Resultat: Sju av tio studier visade att musik sänkte smärtintensiteten hos patienter som genomgått thorax- eller abdominal kirurgi. Ingen tydlig påverkan på fysiologiska reaktioner postoperativt kunde ses hos samtliga studier. Slutsats: Musik kan användas som en komplementär behandling till sedvanlig vård för att sänka smärtintensiteten hos postoperativa patienter och öka delaktigheten och självbestämmandet hos patienten. Musikterapi är varken kostsamt eller innehåller biverkningar och kan därför implementeras ute i samhället såväl som inom vården. Mer forskning behövs däremot för att se om musik har en påverkan på de fysiologiska reaktionerna som uppstår vid smärta.Background: Approximately 740,000 surgical procedures are performed every year in Sweden, resulting in postoperative pain. Postoperative pain is a type of acute tissue injury that is experienced as a result of a surgical procedure. If not treated properly, postoperative pain can result in chronic pain, worsened quality of life and increased mortality. Music therapy is a cheap non-pharmacological method without side-effects that could be implemented in healthcare as a complement to traditional treatment, to alleviate postoperative pain and increase the well-being of patients. Purpose: To investigate the impact music has on post-operative pain and the physiological reactions that arise from postoperative pain. Method: A descriptive literature study using quantitative methods. The search for articles was done in the database of PubMed and CINAHL with the help of MeSH generated terms. Eleven original articles were included in this study, whereas one of them were excluded later on by not passing the criteria of the quality control. Results: Seven out of ten studies showed that music reduced the pain intensity in patients that had undergone either thoracic- or abdominal surgery. No clear influence on physiological reactions could be seen postoperatively. Conclusion: Music can be used as a complementary treatment to conventional care, to reduce the pain intensity of postoperative patients, and to have patients partake more in their treatment. Since music is cheap och does not involve any side-effect, it can be involved as a analgesic complementary method in society as well as in hospitals. Though more research is needed to see if music has an impact on the physiological responses resulting from pain.
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Yang, Fan. "Object Detection for Contactless Vital Signs Estimation." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42297.
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This thesis explores the contactless estimation of people’s vital signs. We designed two camera-based systems and applied object detection algorithms to locate the regions of interest where vital signs are estimated. With the development of Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model has many applications in the real world nowadays. We applied the CNN based frameworks to the different types of camera based systems and improve the efficiency of the contactless vital signs estimation. In the field of medical healthcare, contactless monitoring draws a lot attention in the recent years because the wide use of different sensors. However most of the methods are still in the experimental phase and have never been used in real applications. We were interested in monitoring vital signs of patients lying in bed or sitting around the bed at a hospital. This required using sensors that have range of 2 to 5 meters. We developed a system based on the depth camera for detecting people’s chest area and the radar for estimating the respiration signal. We applied a CNN based object detection method to locate the position of the subject lying in the bed covered with blanket. And the respiratory-like signal is estimated from the radar device based on the detected subject’s location. We also create a manually annotated dataset containing 1,320 depth images. In each of the depth image the silhouette of the subject’s upper body is annotated, as well as the class. In addition, a small subset of the depth images also labeled four keypoints for the positioning of people’s chest
area. This dataset is built on the data collected from the anonymous patients at the hospital which is substantial. Another problem in the field of human vital signs monitoring is that systems seldom contain the functions of monitoring multiple vital signs at the same time. Though there are few attempting to work on this problem recently, they are still all prototypes and have a lot limitations like shorter operation distance. In this application, we focused on contactless estimating subjects’ temperature, breathing rate and heart rate at different distances with or without wearing the mask. We developed a system based on thermal and RGB camera and also explore the feasibility of CNN based object detection algorithms to detect the vital signs from human faces with specifically defined RoIs based on our thermal camera system. We proposed the methods to estimate respiratory rate and heart rate from the thermal videos and RGB videos. The mean absolute difference (MAE) between the
estimated HR using the proposed method and the baseline HR for all subjects at different distances is 4.24 ± 2.47 beats per minute, the MAE between the estimated RR and the reference RR for all subjects at different distances is 1.55 ± 0.78 breaths per minute.
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Johnson, Kimberly D. "Patients’ Vital Signs and the Length of Time between the Monitoring of Vital Signs during Times of Emergency Department Crowding." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1301014586.
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Berelowitz, Jonathan. "The development of a neonatal vital signs database." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26607.
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Modern intelligent monitoring systems use digital computer technology to analyze and evaluate physiological vital signs. This analytical and evaluative process is performed by algorithms developed for this purpose. The degree of 'intelligence' of the monitoring system is dependent on the 'sensitivity' and 'specificity' of these algorithms. In order to develop robust and clinically valid algorithms, a database of representative waveforms is required. The aim of this thesis was to create a neonatal vital signs database to be used for this purpose, by means of a computer-based central station. The computer was interfaced to a number of neonatal monitors (Neonatal ICU, Groote Schuur Hospital). The monitors were interrogated to obtain patient condition, ECG waveforms and respiration waveforms using the impedance technique. When possible, percentage oxygen saturation was also captured. The database contains 509 documented clinical records obtained from 35 patients and 20 records containing examples of technical alarm conditions and high frequency noise. Additional patient record data is included. Clinical events recorded include apnoea, bradycardia, periodic breathing tachycardia, tachypnoea and normal traces. These events were recorded against a variety of signal quality conditions that have been characterized in Appendix C. A prototype rate detection algorithm was checked using samples from the database.
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Hedlund, Dykiel Carolina, and Victoria Rehnberg. "Betydelsen av vitalparametrar vid bedömning av patienters tillstånd." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-4011.
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Bedömning av patientens vitalparametrar (andningsfrekvens, blodtryck, puls, kroppstemperatur, saturation och medvetandegrad) är sjuksköterskans ansvar inom den akuta vårdkedjan. Tidigare forskning visar att en tidig identifiering av försämrade patienter minskar både mortalitet och morbiditet. För patientens välmående och säkerhet är det av högsta vikt att sjuksköterskor utför evidensbaserade och säkra bedömningar för att upprätthålla patientsäkerheten. Syftet var att utforska faktorer som påverkar sjuksköterskans bedömning av vitalparametrar för att tidigt upptäcka en försämrad patient inom den intrahospitala akuta vårdkedjan. En litteraturöversikt med systematisk artikelsökning användes som metod. Databassökningar utfördes i PubMed och CINAHL. Sexton originalartiklar som undersökte sjuksköterskors bedömning av patientens vitalparametrar i den akuta vårdkedjan valdes ut från databassökningen samt manuell sökning. Studierna kvalitetsgranskades för att sedan analyseras med hjälp av integrerad analys. Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskors bedömning av vitalparametrar påverkades av sjuksköterskefaktorer, patientfaktorer samt organisatoriska faktorer. Sjuksköterskefaktorer som sågs påverka var sjuksköterskans förhållningssätt till vitalparametrar, bedömning av frekvens, kunskap och erfarenhet, intuition, helhetsbild samt avsteg från rutiner. Gällande patientfaktorer sågs specifika patientgrupper svårare att bedöma på grund av exempelvis underliggande grundsjukdomar eller ålder. Organisatoriska faktorer som sågs påverka bedömningen var arbetsmiljö, samarbete/kommunikation, kontinuitet i vården samt bedömningsinstrument. Slutsats som dras är att sjuksköterskans bedömning av vitalparametrar för att tidigt upptäcka en försämrad patient inom den akuta vårdkedjan är ett komplext ämne som påverkas av både sjuksköterske-, patient-, och organisatoriska faktorer. Även då vitalparametrar är ett viktigt redskap för att upptäcka förändring i patientens tillstånd och således främja patientens välmående och säkerhet, använder inte sjuksköterskans alltid dessa verktyg. Denna studie gav inte några säkra förklaringar till varför detta fenomen förekom utan behöver studeras vidare.Assessing the patient's vital signs (respiratory rate, blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, saturation, and level of consciousness) is a responsibility assigned to the registered nurse within the emergency care chain. Previous research has shown that early identification of deteriorating patients reduces both mortality and morbidity. To enhance patient safety and well-being, it is vital that the registered nurse performs evidence-based and secure assessments of the patient. The aim of this study was to explore the factors that influence the nurse’s assessments of vital signs to early detect patient deterioration within emergency care. The research method used was a literature review with a systematic approach, using database searches in PubMed and CINAHL. Sixteen original articles with the main focus of examining registered nurses’ assessments of vital signs within emergency care was chosen from the database searches and manual searches. The quality of the studies was then examined, and an integrated analysis was performed. The result of the analysis show that assessment of vital signs performed by registered nurses was affected by factors contributed to the nurse, the patient, and the organization as a whole. When it comes to the factors found contributed to affect the registered nurses, these factors were found to be, approach to vital signs, assessment of frequency, knowledge and experience, intuition, comprehensive picture, and deviations from the established routine. For the factors contributed by the patient, specific patient groups were regarded as more difficult to assess due to underlying diseases or age. The organisational factors seen affecting the nursing assessment were the work environment, teamwork/communication, continuity in the care and the evaluation tools at hand. In conclusion, the results show that this is a complex subject that is affected by several factors contributed to the registered nurse, patient, and the organization. Even though vital signs are an important tool to identify changes in a patient’s well-being and safety, the registered nurse does not always utilize this as a tool. This study could not conclude any clear explanation as to why assessing vital signs was not used more often and will require further studies and analysis to determine an answer.
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Lee, Y. D. (Young-Dong). "Wireless vital signs monitoring system for ubiquitous healthcare with practical tests and reliability analysis." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514263880.
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Abstract
The main objective of this thesis project is to implement a wireless vital signs monitoring system for measuring the ECG of a patient in the home environment. The research focuses on two specific research objectives: 1) the development of a distributed healthcare system for vital signs monitoring using wireless sensor network devices and 2) a practical test and performance evaluation for the reliability for such low-rate wireless technology in ubiquitous health monitoring applications.
The first section of the thesis describes the design and implementation of a ubiquitous healthcare system constructed from tiny components for the home healthcare of elderly persons. The system comprises a smart shirt with ECG electrodes and acceleration sensors, a wireless sensor network node, a base station and a server computer for the continuous monitoring of ECG signals. ECG data is a commonly used vital sign in clinical and trauma care. The ECG data is displayed on a graphical user interface (GUI) by transferring it to a PDA or a terminal PC. The smart shirt is a wearable T-shirt designed to collect ECG and acceleration signals from the human body in the course of daily life.
In the second section, a performance evaluation of the reliability of IEEE 802.15.4 low-rate wireless ubiquitous health monitoring is presented. Three scenarios of performance studies are applied through practical tests: 1) the effects of the distance between sensor nodes and base-station, 2) the deployment of the number of sensor nodes in a network and 3) data transmission using different time intervals. These factors were measured to analyse the reliability of the developed technology in low-rate wireless ubiquitous health monitoring applications.
The results showed how the relationship between the bit-error-rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was affected when varying the distance between sensor node and base-station, through the deployment of the number of sensor nodes in a network and through data transmission using different time intervals.
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Roald, Nikolai Grov. "Estimation of Vital Signs from Ambient-Light Non-Contact Photoplethysmography." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-20869.
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Abstract In this thesis we have investigated different aspects of non-contact photoplethysmography (PPG) using only ambient lighting. We have investigated how to develop a functional, automatic system based on this to detect heart rate. We have also investigated how to use the concept of non-contact PPG to acquire further relevant medical information from a human subject. Abstract We have investigated different color spaces and found that the Hue and Saturation channels from HSL and HSV color spaces are far superior to the Green channel of the RGB color space, which has previously been used. Especially under circumstances with much noise, are these channels superior and more robust against noise. Abstract The concept of independent component analysis (ICA) has been investigated as a method of improving results. It is found to improve some channels and color spaces, but the best ICA channel does not have better performance than the best non-ICA channel. Abstract The phase of, and difference between, PPG signals has been investigated as a means of acquiring medical information. The phase measurements are highly vulnerable to noise, but there are indications that occlusion can induce a phase difference between different limbs. This difference can be used to calculate change in blood pressure. Abstract We have synchronized ECG and PPG data, and found that there is a high correlation between the two. Pulse transit time (PTT) from the heart to the measurement site can be calculated using this synchronized information. Abstract Further have different motion compensation algorithms and signal processing techniques been investigated with the goal of improving the PPG signal and a programs ability to automatically detect heart rate.
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Russon, Ryan K. "Computerized Measurement of Psychological Vital Signs in a Clinical Setting." [Tampa, Fla. : s.n.], 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000097.
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Gasser, William W. "Using five vital signs of spiritual health to evaluate churches." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Tariq, Abubakar. "Vital signs monitoring using Doppler radar and on-body antennas." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4332/.
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The chest of a person moves due to the heart beating and the lungs expanding and contracting. So the chest movement contains information about the heart and breathing rates. This property is used to detect vital signs using Doppler radar and On-Body antennas. These methods can be accurate, cost-effective, portable, comfortable and low profile alternatives to present commercial heart and breathing rate monitoring devices. The 1st method employing Doppler Effect is non-contact. It detects both the heart and breathing rates using the modulated reflected signals from the chest of a person. A parametric study is conducted considering frequency, power and distance to determine the best parameters for maximum accuracy. A small population study is conducted considering 5 people to validate the accuracy and working of Doppler radar as a vital signs monitor. The 2nd method monitors the heart and breathing rates by sensing motion in the near field proximity of an antenna using the antenna’s reflection coefficient. Simulation studies are conducted using CST chest models to verify the principle. An extensive parametric investigation considering frequency, antenna type, power, antenna location on body, body Position, and distances (between chest and antenna) is conducted to find parameters for maximum detection accuracy. A human population study considering 13 people is conducted to establish heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) measurement feasibility. A signal processing study is also performed and the best algorithms are identified for accurate detection of vital signs. Besides this novel frequency and pattern reconfigurable antennas are proposed and designed for communications and/or vital signs monitoring purposes.
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Collin, Frida. "Recognising deterioration: nurses’documentation of vital signs–a systematic literature review." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-90274.
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Introduction: Research show that patients frequently display abnormal vital signs as much as 48h before a serious adverse event occur, such as cardiac arrest or unplanned intensive care unit admission. Therefore, early recognition of these changes trough vital sign examination is essential in the prevention of deterioration. However, deterioration is often missed.Aim: The aim was to investigate to what extent nurses in the general ward are documenting vital signs prior to patient deterioration. Methods: A systematic literature review was done usingthe databases PubMed and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria: general ward and publication 2010-2020, exclusion criteria:emergency department, acute admission ward, paediatric ward, psychiatric ward, interventions and continuousmonitoring. Critical appraisalusingtools from Joanna Briggs Institute. PRISMA statement for reporting of systematic reviews.Results: Nine studies were included. It was seen that the fraction of cases who had vital signs documented prior to deterioration was diverse, although never complete. Some studies showed an acceptable fraction of patients who weremonitoredin the hours prior to deterioration, but it was seen that the monitoring did not always escalate as the patient got worse. The vital signs most frequently documentedwereheart rate and pulse, thoughstill missing in a large fraction of charts. Respiratory rate was documented less than the other vital signs.Conclusions: This study suggests that documentation of vital signs prior to deterioration is diverse but often incomplete. Further research is needed to understand what can be done to improve vital sign documentation on general wards.
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Buteau-Poulin, Dorothée. "La qualité nutritionnelle : un « signe vital » associé au profil cardiométabolique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32537.
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Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2018-2019Dans sa planification stratégique pour 2020, l'American Heart Association a placé l’amélioration de la santé cardiovasculaire idéale dans ses priorités, renforçant ainsi la pertinence d’ajouter à la prise en charge du risque de maladies cardiovasculaires l’évaluation et le suivi des marqueurs des habitudes de vie (tabagisme, indice de masse corporelle, niveau d’activité physique et qualité nutritionnelle [QN]) au contrôle des facteurs de risque biologiques traditionnels (cholestérol, contrôle glycémique, tension artérielle). Récemment, il a été rapporté que seulement 1,5 % de la population adulte américaine atteint une QN idéale, faisant ainsi de la QN le marqueur des habitudes de vie le moins respecté. La QN est également le premier facteur de risque modifiable de mortalité totale, devant la sédentarité et le tabagisme. Toutefois, il n’existe actuellement pas d’outil validé pour évaluer rapidement et simplement la QN. Ce projet de maîtrise vise donc à documenter la contribution de la QN, évaluée par un court questionnaire, à la variation du profil cardiométabolique (CM) chez des adultes participant à un programme ciblant les habitudes de vie en milieu de travail. Des questionnaires sur l’historique médical et sur les habitudes de vie, dont la QN, ont été remplis par les participants (3129 hommes et 1656 femmes). Une évaluation du profil CM (tension artérielle, mesures anthropométriques, bilan lipidique et hémoglobine glyquée) et de la condition cardiorespiratoire (CCR) a été réalisée. Les résultats montrent que les participants ayant une QN élevée ont de meilleures habitudes de vie et présentent un profil CM favorable comparativement à ceux avec une faible QN. L’association entre la QN et le profil CM demeure significative après des ajustements pour le niveau d’activité physique et pour la CCR. Ainsi, ce projet supporte l’intégration de l’évaluation de la QN comme un « signe vital » dans la prise en charge optimale du risque CM.
In the setting of its 2020 strategic goals, the American Heart Association committed to improve the ideal cardiovascular health hence emphasizing the added value of targeting health behaviors markers, such as nonsmoking, physical activity, body mass index and overall nutritional quality (NQ), in addition to the monitoring of traditional biological risk factors (blood pressure, lipids and glucose) in the optimal management of cardiovascular diseases. It was recently reported that overall NQ was the health behavior with the lowest percentage of the population at goal levels and that a suboptimal NQ had become the leading modifiable risk factor for total mortality ahead of both sedentarity and smoking. However, there is actually no brief, straightforward and validated tool to assess NQ. The main purpose of this project was to investigate the contribution of overall NQ to the variation in the cardiometabolic (CM) profile in the setting of a workplace health program. Standardized questionnaires on medical history as well as on lifestyle habits, including NQ, were completed by participants (3129 men and 1656 women). In addition, subjects went through a comprehensive evaluation of the CM profile (blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, lipid profile and hemoglobin A1c) and of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Results showed that participants with a high NQ had better lifestyle habits and a more favorable CM profile compared to those with a low NQ. The association between NQ and the CM profile remained significant after adjustments for physical activity level and CRF. Accordingly, this project reinforced the relevance of targeting overall NQ, with a short food-based questionnaire, as an emerging « vital sign » in the optimal management of CM risk.
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Tang, Fohai. "A Mobile System for Vital Sign’s Data Collection and Data Presentation." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-9369.
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The purpose of this project work is to make research on vital sign’s data collection and datapresentation on handheld devices. With the development of smart phones and tablets, more andmore people prefer accomplishing their daily tasks on mobile devices. Additionally, theawareness of personal health care increases at the same time. This report consists of three mainparts: analysis, design and implementation and system evaluation. By studying literature andsearching related works on the internet, general design guidelines are documented. The result isthat a prototype is implemented with the functionalities of data collection and data presentation.The system test and evaluation are also completed.
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Babar, Ayesha, and Carine Kanani. "Monitoring of Vital Signs Parameters with ICTs : A Participatory Design Approach." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97030.
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The development of internet-based technologies, the design and adoption of wireless wearable and smart devices have been a growing study spot in all domains. The healthcare sector as many others is making technological progress to improve healthcare services and patients wellbeing and avoid or minimize the use of manual and traditional practices such as the use of paper notes to record the vital signs parameters data. The vital signs parameters are the most monitored physiology features, they produce a big amount of data and request a close follow up to define the health condition of a patient. Continuous vital signs monitoring involves the usage of different devices and systems, which if appropriate positively impact the activities involved, by enabling the continuous generation of data and information about the overall health status of patients and contribute to the wellbeing of individuals, in terms of preventing and reducing fatal risks. To investigate this situation, this research’s focus was in three parts; first, investigate recent research about patient’s health predictions based on vital signs parameters and the impacts of continuous monitoring on the care given. Second, explore the availability in terms of i.e. sensors used in devices that can continuously track vital signs parameters. Last, to provide a possible design recommendation to improve and/or replace the existing devices for vital signs parameters measuring and monitoring in emergency and post-operative care. A qualitative approach and participatory design approach were used to collect data. The qualitative part was achieved through interviews and the participatory design part was accomplished by the future workshop and two prototyping techniques, paper and digital prototypes. The findings of this research were analysed using conceptual analysis, and also discussed using those concepts. Together with the participants, this research resulted in three design suggestions which if implemented shall improve the vital signs continuous monitoring activities, by facilitating the healthcare professionals in their clinical responsibilities and improving the patients wellbeing while admitted in Emergency and Post-operative wards.
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Albuquerque, Vagner Cavalcanti de [UNESP]. "Eficácia do índice de choque no diagnóstico inicial de hipovolemia: revisão sistemática e metanálise proporcional." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150301.
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Introdução: A triagem e avaliação inicial de pacientes com hipovolemia são guiadas pela apresentação dos sintomas clínicos e pelas alterações nos sinais vitais. Frequência cardíaca (FC) e pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), isoladamente, nem sempre refletem com acurácia o início de quadros hipovolêmicos. Contudo, a combinação dos sinais vitais tradicionais (FC/PAS) origina o índice de choque (IC), que se postula ser indicador mais precoce de hipovolemia. Objetivo: A proposta deste estudo foi estabelecer a acurácia diagnóstica do IC para o diagnóstico inicial de hipovolemia decorrente de hemorragia, tanto em ambiente simulado, quanto em situações clínicas obstétricas. Método: Estudos transversais que incluíram dados de indivíduos adultos de qualquer idade ou sexo com suspeita de hemorragia, provenientes de estudos clínicos (obstétricos) ou simulados (doadores de sangue ou submetidos à LBNP – Low body negative pressure), que avaliaram a acurácia do IC e dos sinais vitais tradicionais (PA e FC) isolados no diagnóstico de hipovolemia foram incluídos no presente estudo. Valores considerados como hipovolêmicos foram IC > 0,7, FC > 100 bpm e/ou PAS < 100 mmHg. Obtiveram-se os estudos das seguintes bases de dados: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE e LILACS, com os termos “shock index” e “hypovolemia” e suas variantes. Última pesquisa foi realizada em maio de 2016. A ferramenta QUADAS avaliou a qualidade metodológica. Metanálise proporcional foi realizada com variáveis dicotômicas e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%, considerando o efeito randômico. A heterogeneidade foi calculada por meio do I2. Resultados: A busca inicial identificou 121.648 títulos. Após seleção por títulos e resumos, obtiveram-se 101 artigos com prováveis critérios de inclusão na revisão. Entretanto, 87 estudos foram excluídos por serem revisões, cartas ao editor ou estudos fora do contexto. Desta forma, 14 estudos foram incluídos para análise, sendo 8 estudos de ensaios simulados e 6 de pacientes com quadro de hemorragia de natureza obstétrica; destes estudos, 6 foram incluídos na metanálise. O tamanho das amostras variou de 15 a 336 pacientes, com idade variando de 22 a 65 anos. Os resultados da metanálise mostraram que quando IC > 0,7 foi utilizado para detectar perda sanguínea nos pacientes simulados e obstétricos a proporção de detecção deste evento foi de 67% (intervalo de confiança 95%: 0,46 - 0,84), quando comparado à detecção de 25% (intervalo de confiança 95%: 0,12; 0,42) da PAS < 100 mm Hg (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença estatística entre IC e PAS em relação à FC > 100 bpm (proporção de detecção do evento = 27% (intervalo de confiança 95%: 0,07; 0,54). Conclusão: Esta revisão sistemática e metanálise proporcional sugere que o IC > 0,7 apresenta maior proporção na detecção inicial de hipovolemia causada por perda sanguínea em indivíduos submetidos a estudos simulados e em pacientes obstétricas, quando comparado à PAS isoladamente. Mais estudos são necessários para investigar se o IC é capaz de identificar maior proporção de casos de hipovolemia quando comparado à FC isoladamente.
Background: Screening and initial evaluation of patients with possible hypovolemia are guided by the presentation of symptoms and changes in vital signs. Heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), alone do not always accurately reflect the onset of hypovolemic state. However, the combination of traditional vital signs (HR / SBP) gives rise to shock index (SI), which appears to be an more early indicator of hypovolemia. Aim: The purpose of this study was to establish the diagnostic accuracy of SI for the early diagnosis of hypovolemia due to hemorrhage, in a simulated environment and in obstetric clinical situations. Methods: Cross-sectional studies that included data from individuals adults of any age or sex with suspected hemorrhage from clinical (obstetric) or simulated (blood donor or Lower Body Negative Pressure) studies, who assessed the accuracy of the SI and the traditional vital signs (SBP and HR) isolated in the diagnosis of hypovolemia were included in the the present study. We considered as hypovolemic patients which achieved the following cut-off values: SI> 0.7, HR> 100 bpm, and / or SBP <100 mmHg. We obtained studies of the following databases: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS, with the terms "shock index" and "hypovolemia" and their variants. Last search was run in May 2016. QUADAS was the tool used to evaluate the methodological quality. Proportional metanalysis was performed with dichotomous variables and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI), considering the random effect. The heterogeneity was calculated by means of I2. Results: The initial search identified 121,648 titles. After selection by titles and abstracts, we obtained 101 articles that match the inclusion criteria in the review. However, 87 studies were excluded because they were revisions, letters to the editor, or studies out of context or off-topic. In this way, 14 studies were included for analysis, being 8 simulated trial studies and 6 of patients with obstetric hemorrhage; of these studies, 6 were included in the metanalysis. Sample sizes ranged from 15 to 336 patients, ranging in age from 22 to 65 years. The results of the metanalysis showed that when SI> 0.7 was used to detect blood loss in simulated and obstetric patients, the proportion of detection of this event was 67% (95% CI = 0.46; 0.84), when compared to detection of 25% (95% CI = 0.12, 0.42) when SBP <100 mm Hg was used to detect hyvolemia (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between SI or SBP in relation to HR> 100 bpm (event detection ratio = 27% (95% CI = 0.07; 0.54). Conclusion: This systematic review and proportion metanalysis suggests that SI> 0.7 has a higher proportion of early detection of hypovolemia caused by blood loss in subjects submitted to simulated studies and in obstetric patients when compared to SBP alone. More studies are needed to investigate these findings when compared to the detection of hypovolemia using HR.
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Albuquerque, Vagner Cavalcanti de. "Eficácia do índice de choque no diagnóstico inicial de hipovolemia revisão sistemática e metanálise proporcional /." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150301.
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Orientador: Laís Helena Navarro e LimaResumo: Introdução: A triagem e avaliação inicial de pacientes com hipovolemia são guiadas pela apresentação dos sintomas clínicos e pelas alterações nos sinais vitais. Frequência cardíaca (FC) e pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), isoladamente, nem sempre refletem com acurácia o início de quadros hipovolêmicos. Contudo, a combinação dos sinais vitais tradicionais (FC/PAS) origina o índice de choque (IC), que se postula ser indicador mais precoce de hipovolemia. Objetivo: A proposta deste estudo foi estabelecer a acurácia diagnóstica do IC para o diagnóstico inicial de hipovolemia decorrente de hemorragia, tanto em ambiente simulado, quanto em situações clínicas obstétricas. Método: Estudos transversais que incluíram dados de indivíduos adultos de qualquer idade ou sexo com suspeita de hemorragia, provenientes de estudos clínicos (obstétricos) ou simulados (doadores de sangue ou submetidos à LBNP – Low body negative pressure), que avaliaram a acurácia do IC e dos sinais vitais tradicionais (PA e FC) isolados no diagnóstico de hipovolemia foram incluídos no presente estudo. Valores considerados como hipovolêmicos foram IC > 0,7, FC > 100 bpm e/ou PAS < 100 mmHg. Obtiveram-se os estudos das seguintes bases de dados: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE e LILACS, com os termos “shock index” e “hypovolemia” e suas variantes. Última pesquisa foi realizada em maio de 2016. A ferramenta QUADAS avaliou a qualidade metodológica. Metanálise proporcional foi realizada com variáveis dicotômicas e seus respect... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Mestre
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Yien, Chris Tak Ming. "Vital signs monitoring for a patient data management system in an ICU." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69721.
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This thesis presents the design and implementation of a Vital Signs Monitoring System for a Patient Data Management System in an intensive care unit. The Vital Signs Monitoring System provides graphical display of patient data to assist medical decision making. It performs real-time patient data acquisition, and supports data management. Visual coding of information has been investigated to ensure effective graphical representation of patient data, to reduce screen clutter, and to enhance interpretability of graphical displays. A survey of existing patient monitoring systems, and patient data management systems is presented to give an overview of the recent advancements in these medical systems. Emphasis is placed on the design of the user interface. Important interface design considerations are discussed, and a survey of interactive hardware, interaction tasks, and dialog style is presented.The Vital Signs Monitoring System was developed in C language under the Presentation Manager window environment, and the operating system environment is OS/2 version 2.0.
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Myrsten, Erik. "Datoriserad screening av barns neurokognitiva funktion: Validering av testbatteriet CNS Vital Signs." Thesis, Stockholm University, Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-36852.
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Pullon, Rebecca. "Monitoring and analysis of antenatal and postnatal changes in maternal vital signs." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c0992a87-29f1-40cc-8ff0-368cd1944bc9.
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Pregnancy-related complications affect approximately 15% of pregnancies and, if severe, can have long-term consequences. Timely recognition of physiological deterioration is known to reduce the prevalence and severity of complications. However pregnancy-associated changes in vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate) complicate the detection of abnormal physiology, and these changes are not well documented. This thesis describes the development of algorithms to ensure the collection of good-quality vital-sign data during the antenatal and postnatal stages of pregnancy, and the design of an evidence-based obstetric early warning score. Vital-sign information from 1,000 pregnant women during pregnancy, labour, and after delivery was collected during the 4P study using pulse oximetry, oscillometry for blood pressure measurement and a tympanic thermometer. Dynamic time warping was used to assess beat-by-beat quality in the photoplethysmograph (PPG) waveform obtained from the pulse oximeter. The resulting signal quality index enabled the exclusion of poor-quality sections and their associated measurements of heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation. A robust measurement of respiratory rate was obtained by combining information from the PPG waveform, and accelerometer and gyroscope waveforms from a smartphone. After processing, frequency-based techniques, such as Fourier analysis and auto-regressive modelling, and time-domain peak detection were fused to estimate respiratory rate. When compared with the reference respiratory rate obtained from midwife measurement, the lowest mean absolute error of 1.16 breaths per minute was obtained from respiratory rate estimates from the y-axis of the gyroscope. Antenatal and postnatal reference ranges for each vital sign were developed with a standard polynomial multilevel (hierarchical) model using 10,000 vital sign measurements from 620 healthy women in the 4P study. Vital-sign trajectories confirmed known trends of blood pressure and heart rate changes during pregnancy, and provided new information about other vital-sign trends. Additional covariates were included to investigate the effect of parity and body mass index (BMI) on vital-sign trends. The outer centiles of the vital sign reference ranges were used to design an obstetric early warning score (C-ObsEWS) that took into account gestational age or time after delivery. The investigations in this thesis contribute additional knowledge of pregnancy-associated vital-sign changes, and lead to an initial proposal for an evidence-based obstetric early warning score specific to the stage of pregnancy.
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Orrie, Orika. "Smartphone application architecture and security for patient vital signs sensors and indicators." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66235.
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South Africa is a developing country with great potential to be leaders in technology and research, especially in the medical field. Rural areas in many countries do not have access to basic healthcare services due to the distance and inaccessibility of these services. Currently people living in the rural areas in South Africa are required to rely on the people within the area, who may not be trained; on doctors who make house calls, who may not be able to access the patient in time or on finding transport to the nearest hospital, which may be hundreds of kilometres away. This leads to many rural residents not seeking aid for aliments thereby often lowering life expectancy. South Africa has many world-renowned medical practitioners who would be able to assist the residents in these areas if there were methods for observation and recording of health statuses without the need for either party to travel. This dissertation studied and developed a method to assist not only the residents in rural areas, but also urban residents to record their vital signs without the assistance of a licenced medical practitioner, to upload the data to a database and to then allow the data to be viewable by the medical practitioner who may be situated elsewhere in South Africa or the world. This system allows for the elimination of human error when recording vital sign data as recording is not done through human intervention. Through the use of communications technologies such as Bluetooth, NFC and Wi-Fi a system was designed which ensures that a patient can record medical data without the presence of a medical practitioner, the patient can access previous health records and readings and the patient can give a new medical practitioner a full medical history. The patient's data has been secured using AES and RSA encryption as well as verification through hash values at all points of transfer and access is granted to the patients' medical data only through the patient or a licenced medical practitioner. The data recording and transfer has been completed taking into consideration all the medical legislation and laws in South Africa. This system allows the South African medical health sector to service all South Africa residents, including the residents in rural areas.Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted
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Stevenson, Jean E. "Documentation of vital signs in electronic health records : a patient safety issue." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12704/.
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Background and aim: Hospitals in the developed world are increasingly adopting digital systems such as electronic health records (EHRs) for all kinds of documentation. This move means that traditional paper case notes and nursing records are often documented in EHRs. Documentation of vital signs is important for monitoring a patient's physiological condition and how vital signs are presented in a clinical record can have a profound impact on the ability of clinicians to recognise changes, such as deterioration in a patient's condition. Vital signs have received minimal attention with regard to how they are documented in EHRs which suggests that there is an urgent need for this to be examined. Design, methodology and approach: A mixed methods study was conducted in a 372-bed county hospital in two phases. Phase one was a quantitative study, and was followed by a qualitative study in phase two. The aim of the quantitative study was to examine the vital signs documented in the electronic health records of patients who had previously suffered a cardiac arrest. The aim of the qualitative study was to investigate how medical and nursing staff measured, reported and retrieved information on vital signs. Observations were made and interviews were conducted in four clinical areas. Findings: The quantitative study found that documentation of vital signs was incomplete in relation to current universal standards for monitoring vital signs, and that vital signs were dispersed inconsistently throughout the EHR. The qualitative study provided a detailed understanding of the routines and practices for monitoring vital signs and demonstrated variation in routines and in methods of documentation in the four clinical areas. Documenting and retrieving vital signs in the EHR was problematic because of usability issues and led to workflow problems. Workflow problems were solved at ward level by the creation of paper workarounds. Contribution to knowledge: This thesis has shown that poor facilities for the documentation of vital signs in EHRs could have a negative impact on patient safety because it reduces the possibility of good record keeping. This leads to limited availability of easily accessible, up-to-date information, essential for identifying clinical deterioration and, thus, is a challenge to patient safety. Related to this, the thesis has identified possible solutions to usability problems in the EHR. Inconsistent routines and practices were also identified and suggestions were made for how this problem might be approached.
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Putra, Ramadhani Pamapta. "Implementation and Evaluation of WebAssembly Modules on Embedded System-based Basic Biomedical Sensors." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261434.
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WebAssembly is a new binary code specification, which was initially designed to complement JavaScript in web applications. WebAssembly is inherently portable and small, designed for multiplatform usage. Therefore, WebAssembly modules can be created to support embedded system-based biomedical sensor operation. However, WebAssembly has its own limitations to compensate with its portability. In this thesis, we show how WebAssembly modules can be applied to the basic biomedical modalities of body temperature, heart rate, and breathing pattern. We show how the implementation performed, and what challenges were met during the development. It is concluded that WebAssembly can be applied for achieving safe and effective biomedical sensor devices, although with some limitations.WebAssembly är ett nytt binärt maskinkodsformat, ursprungligen skapat för att komplettera JavaScript i webbapplikationer. WebAssemblys kod är liten och kan lätt användas på flera plattformar. Därför kan WebAssembly-moduler skapas för att stödja inbyggda system för biomedicinska sensorer. WebAssembly har dock sina egna begränsningar på grund av sin portabilitet. I denna avhandling visar vi hur WebAssembly-moduler kan användas på enkla biomedicinska mätningar av kroppstemperatur, hjärtfrekvens och andningsmönster. Vi visar hur implementeringen genomfördes och vilka utmaningar som möttes under utvecklingen. Slutsatsen är att WebAssembly kan tillämpas för att skapa säkra och effektiva biomedicinska sensorenheter, även om det finns en del begränsningar.
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Quinn, Colin Patrick. "Vital signs : costly signaling and personal adornment in the near eastern early neolithic." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2006/c_quinn_121106.pdf.
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Holzhausen, Rudolf. "A clinical patient vital signs parameter measurement, processing and predictive algorithm using ECG." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6466.
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In the modern clinical and healthcare setting, the electronic collection and analysis of patient related vital signs and parameters are a fundamental part of the relevant treatment plan and positive patient response. Modern analytical techniques combined with readily available computer software today allow for the near real time analysis of digitally acquired measurements. In the clinical context, this can directly relate to patient survival rates and treatment success. The processing of clinical parameters, especially the Electrocardiogram (ECG) in the critical care setting has changed little in recent years and the analytical processes have mostly been managed by highly trained and experienced cardiac specialists. Warning, detection and measurement techniques are focused on the post processing of events relying heavily on averaging and analogue filtering to accurately capture waveform morphologies and deviations. This Ph. D. research investigates an alternative and the possibility to analyse, in the digital domain, bio signals with a focus on the ECG to determine if the feasibility of bit by bit or near real time analysis is indeed possible but more so if the data captured has any significance in the analysis and presentation of the wave patterns in a patient monitoring environment. The research and experiments have shown the potential for the development of logical models that address both the detection and short term predication of possible follow-on events with a focus on Myocardial Ischemic (MI) and Infraction based deviations. The research has shown that real time waveform processing compared to traditional graph based analysis, is both accurate and has the potential to be of benefit to the clinician by detecting deviations and morphologies in a real time domain. This is a significant step forward and has the potential to embed years of clinical experience into the measurement processes of clinical devices, in real terms. Also, providing expert analytical and identification input electronically at the patient bedside. The global human population is testing the healthcare systems and care capabilities with the shortage of clinical and healthcare providers in ever decreasing coverage of treatment that can be provided. The research is a moderate step in further realizing this and aiding the caregiver by providing true and relevant information and data, which assists in the clinical decision process and ultimately improving the required standard of patient care.
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Novak, Timothy S. "Vital Signs of U.S. Osteopathic Medical Residency Programs Pivoting to Single Accreditation Standards." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10690580.
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Osteopathic physician (D.O.) residency programs that do not achieve accreditation under the new Single Accreditation System (SAS) standards by June 30, 2020 will lose access to their share of more than $9,000,000,000 of public tax dollars. This U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) funding helps sponsoring institutions cover direct and indirect resident physician training expenses. A significant financial burden would then be shifted to marginal costs of the residency program’s sponsoring institution in the absence of CMS funding. The sponsoring institution’s ability or willingness to bare these costs occurs during a time when hospital operating margins are at historic lows (Advisory.com /Daily Briefing /May 18, 2017 | The Daily Briefing / Hospital profit margins declined from 2015 to 2016, Moody's finds). Loss of access to CMS funding may result in potentially cataclysmic reductions in the production and availability of primary care physicians for rural and urban underserved populations. Which osteopathic residency programs will be able to survive the new accreditation requirement changes by the 2020 deadline? What are some of the defining attributes of those programs that already have achieved “initial accreditation” under the new SAS requirements? How can the osteopathic programs in the process of seeking the new accreditation more effectively “pivot” by learning from those programs that have succeeded? What are the potential implications of SAS to both access and quality of health care to millions of Americans? This report is based upon a study that examined and measured how osteopathic physician residency programs in the U.S. are accommodating the substantive structural, financial, political and clinical requirements approximately half way through a five-year adaptation period. In 2014, US Graduate Medical Education (GME) physician program accreditation systems formally agreed to operate under a single accreditation system for all osteopathic (D.O) and allopathic (M.D.) programs in the U.S. Since July 1, 2015, the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) accredited training programs have been eligible to apply for Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accreditation. This agreement to create a Single Accreditation System (SAS) was consummated among the AOA, the American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine (AACOM) and ACGME with a memorandum of understanding. As this research is published, the ACGME is transitioning to be the single accreditor for all US GME programs by June 30, 2020. At that time, the AOA would fully relinquish all its GME program accreditation responsibilities. The new SAS operates under published ACGME guidelines and governance. Business policy and health care resource allocation question motivated this research. Failure of osteopathic programs to “pivot” to the new standards could result in fewer licensed physicians being produced in the high demand primary care field. Potential workforce shortage areas include urban and especially rural populations (CRS Report 7-5700 R44376 Feb 12, 2016). Large physician shortages already have been projected to care for a rapidly aging US population without considering the impact of the GME accreditation changes currently underway (Association of American Medical Colleges 2017 Key Findings report www.aamc.org/2017projections). The goal of this research is to provide osteopathic GME programs practical insights into characteristics of a sample of osteopathic GME programs that have successfully made the “pivot” into SAS requirements and been accredited by ACGME and those that have not. The study seeks to better understand the experiences, decisions, challenges and expectations directly from osteopathic programs directors as they strive to meet the realities of the new SAS requirements. Do programs that are already accredited differ significantly from those that have not? How do characteristics such as program size, geographic locations, clinical program components, program sponsor structure, number and experience of faculty and administration, cost planning and perceived benefits of the movement to SAS factor into successfully meeting the new requirements before the 2020 closing date? A cross-sectional research survey was designed, tested and deployed to a national sample of currently serving osteopathic GME program directors. The survey elicited data about each program’s “pivot” from AOA GME accreditation practices and guidelines to the new Single Accreditation System (SAS). The survey instrument was designed to obtain information about patterns in osteopathic GME program curricula, administrative support functions, faculty training, compliance requirements and program director characteristics shared by those programs that have been granted “initial accreditation” by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) who administer SAS. Thirty five (35) osteopathic GME program directors responded to the 26 question survey in June 2017. Descriptive statistics were applied and central tendency measures determined. The majority of survey respondents were Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.s) from specialty residency programs sponsoring an average of 16 residents. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)
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Pitts, David Geoffrey. "The design and evaluation of discrete wearable medical devices for vital signs monitoring." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2015. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10298.
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The observation, recording and appraisal of an individual’s vital signs, namely temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), are key components in the assessment of their health and wellbeing. Measurements provide valuable diagnostic data, facilitating clinical diagnosis, management and monitoring. Respiratory rate sensing is perhaps the most under-utilised of all the vital signs, being routinely assessed by observation or estimated algorithmically from respiratory-induced beat-to-beat variation in heart rate. Moreover there is an unmet need for wearable devices that can measure all or most of the vital signs. This project therefore aims to a) develop a device that can measure respiratory rate and b) develop a wearable device that can measure all or most of the vital signs. An accelerometer-based clavicular respiratory motion sensor was developed and compared with a similar thoracic motion sensor and reference using exhalatory flow. Pilot study results established that the clavicle sensor accurately tracked the reference in monitoring respiratory rate and outperformed the thoracic device. An Ear-worn Patient Monitoring System (EPMS) was also developed, providing a discrete telemonitoring device capable of rapidly measuring tympanic temperature, heart rate, SpO2 and activity level. The results of a comparative pilot study against reference instruments revealed that heart rate matched the reference for accuracy, while temperature under read (< 1°C) and SpO2 was inconsistent with poor correlation. In conclusion, both of the prototype devices require further development. The respiratory sensor would benefit from product engineering and larger scale testing to fully exploit the technology, but could find use in both hospital and community-based The design and evaluation of discrete wearable medical devices for vital signs monitoring DG Pitts ii Cranfield University monitoring. The EPMS has potential for clinical and community use, having demonstrated its capability of rapidly capturing and wirelessly transmitting vital signs readings. Further development is nevertheless required to improve the thermometer probe and resolve outstanding issues with SpO2 readings.
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Knutsson, Fröjd Lisa, and Marika René. "Mobile documentation of vital signs : A Participatory Design project at a Swedish hospital." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-48997.
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We have received a mission from a surgical ward at a hospital in northern Sweden; they want a solution that can be used on portable devices. On these devices the healthcare professionals should be able to document the measured vital signs and the results should automatically be documented in the patient record. In the context of a Participatory Design project we conducted design sessions which focused on the user interface of the solution but also deliberated possible functionalities that were not mentioned in the original mission description. The purpose of this study is to describe the situation surrounding the measurement of vital signs of patients. It is currently done manually on a paper form and then registered in the digital patient record. Our aim was to find a design and formulate the functional requirement of a tablet application together with the staff at a hospital in Sweden.
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Kalvér, Henrik. "Quai-Passive 5.8 GHz Front-End Design and Implementation for Vital Signs Detection." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fysik och elektroteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-146270.
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This thesis investigates the possibility to measure vital signs, such as heartbeat and respiratory rate, by developing a RF-front end for wireless detection. The RF-front has been developed and manufactured as a continuous wave Doppler radar receiver, which utilizes quadrature demodulation by means of a multi-port correlator together with power detectors for down conversion. This thesis has been part of an ongoing research project at Link¨opings University, to develop a sensor platform for wireless vital signs detection. This sensor platform has been broken down into two major parts, a radar RF front-end system and a back-end digital signal processing system. The back-end system consist of data acquisition- and a processing-part. It was shown that very low-frequency signals emulating vital signs can be detected, when direct frequency conversion and demodulation are performed with the multi-port detector. Due to the limitations of the instruments, 10-Hz signals were demonstrated.
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Ma, Xiaocong. "Towards a Contactless Vital Sign System." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41111.
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Human vital signs are crucial parameters which reflect essential body functions and are often accessed by medical professionals at the first place during clinical diagnostics to provide immediate assistance in health status measurements. However, due to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, measurements made with direct body contact have become increasingly challenging and costly because of the spreading nature of this virus. Therefore, contactless vital sign measurements are highly desirable, and it motivates us to research and develop a new solution which is capable of performing real time heart rate (HR) detection, respiratory (RR) detection, and body temperature (BT) measurement together from a distant human subject under an ambient light environment. The thesis describes a new system framework, which utilizes the power of computer vision to collect remote video image data, processes them using signal processing and machine learning (ML) technologies simultaneously, and produces rapid updates on display. Furthermore, our validation analysis on the system has showed varied results based on different methodologies used, which enables us to apply the most suitable approach on each component for an optimized final integration.
At the time of completing this thesis, we have achieved a complete system integrated with remote HR, RR estimations and BT detection, which are all fully functional in both real-time and offline. To further refine the performance on HR estimation, we selected the extreme gradient boost model through a number of ML models we tested, as it not only gives the lowest root mean square error of 8.2 but also produces stable and robust output.
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Witt, Alexander W. "Using Ballistocardiography to Perform Key Distribution in Wearable IoT Networks." Digital WPI, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/829.
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A WIoT is a wireless network of low-power sensing nodes placed on the human body. While operating, these networks routinely collect physiological signals to send to offsite medical professionals for review. In this manner, these networks support a concept known as pervasive healthcare in which patients can be continuously monitored and treated remotely. Given that these networks are used to guide medical treatment and depend on transmitting sensitive data, it is important to ensure that the communication channel remains secure. Symmetric pairwise cryptography is a traditional scheme that can be used to provide such security. The scheme functions by sharing a cryptographic key between a pair of sensors. Once shared, the key can then be used by both parties to encrypt and decrypt all future messages. To configure a WIoT to support the use of symmetric pairwise cryptography a key distribution protocol is required. Schemes for pre-deployment are often used to perform this distribution. These schemes usually require inserting key information into WIoT devices before they can be used in the network. Unfortunately, this need to manually configure WIoT devices can decrease their usability. In this thesis we propose and evaluate an alternative approach to key distribution that uses physiological signals derived from accelerometer and gyroscope sensors. The evaluation of our approach indicates that more study is required to determine techniques that will enable ballistocardiography-derived physiological signals to provide secure key distribution.
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Franco, Caroline Buarque 1984. "Análise dos efeitos do método Pilates em pacientes com fibrose cística." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308363.
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Orientador: Antonio Fernando RibeiroDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Objetivo: A proposta de utilizar o método Pilates teve o objetivo de desenvolver um programa de exercícios, avaliando os efeitos no início e final do acompanhamento, coletando os seguintes dados: tolerância ao esforço físico pelo teste do degrau de 3 minutos (TD3); prova de função pulmonar (PFP); avaliação força muscular respiratória (FMR) pela pressão inspiratória máxima (PImáx) e pressão expiratória máxima (PEmáx) pela manovacuometria; qualidade de vida (QV) pelos questionários de qualidade de vida em fibrose cística (QFC); escore z de peso (kg), escore z de altura (m2) e escore z de IMC (kg/m2). Coleta dos valores em repouso e no final de cada sessão: saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), frequência cardíaca (Fc), frequência respiratória (Fr), nível da dispnéia pela escala de Borg modificada. Método: estudo prospectivo descritivo analítico, casuística de 19 pacientes. A pesquisa foi realizada com os pacientes do Ambulatório de FC do Hospital de Clínicas (HC) da Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP) e do Instituto da Criança (ICr) do HC da Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP). O método foi aplicado em uma sessão semanal durante 4 meses. Resultados: A PImáx no grupo total apresentou aumento significativo (p<0,05 probabilidade do teste de Wilcoxon), a PEmáx demonstrou aumento significativo somente no grupo feminino (p=0,007). A PFP não apresentou diferenças no grupo total de pacientes (p>0,05). No TD3 pré-tratamento do grupo masculino, houve aumento significativo da frequência cardíaca (Fc) (p=0,043) e da escala de Borg (p=0,023). No pós-tratamento os sinais vitais permaneceram sem mudanças significativas. No TD3 pré-tratamento, o grupo feminino apresentou aumento significativo na Fc, frequência respiratória (Fr) e na escala de Borg (p<0,05). No pós-tratamento o TD3 deste grupo continuou com aumento significativo na Fc, Fr e na escala de Borg. Quanto as medidas de sinais vitais comparando o início e final de cada sessão, na 1ª sessão de Pilates o grupo total de pacientes,não apresentou mudanças na SpO2, Fc, Fr e na escala de Borg (p>0,05). Na 7ª sessão, no gênero masculino ocorreu aumento significativo da Fc e no grupo total de pacientes houve aumento significativo na escala de Borg. Na 16ª sessão apenas o grupo feminino apresentou aumento significativo na escala de Borg. Quanto ao escore z de peso e IMC, os pacientes não apresentaram mudanças, porém houve aumento significativo no escore z de altura apenas do grupo feminino (p=0,012). A avaliação da QV não demonstrou mudanças no QFC de crianças de 6 à 11 anos. No QFC dos pais/cuidadores de crianças de 6 à 13 anos houve aumento significativo no domínio respiratório. O QFC referente aos pacientes de 14 anos ou mais apresentou aumento significativo no domínio físico. Conclusões: O estudo evidenciou que a aplicação do Pilates foi eficaz no ganho da FMR; melhorias na tolerância física do grupo masculino pelo TD3; ganho no escore z de altura no grupo feminino. Quanto a QV do QFC dos pais/cuidadores de crianças de 6 à 13 anos, houve melhorias no domínio da condição respiratória e no QFC referente aos pacientes de 14 anos ou mais apresentou melhorias no domínio da condição física
Abstract: Objective: The proposal to use the Pilates method was to develop an exercise program, evaluating the effects at the beginning and end of follow-up by collecting the following data: the tolerance to exercise step test for 3 minutes (TD3) function test lung (PFP), respiratory muscle strength assessment (FMR) by maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) by the manometer, quality of life (QOL) questionnaires for quality of life in cystic fibrosis (QFC), z-score Weight (kg), z score for height (m2) and z score of BMI (kg/m2). Collection of the values at rest and at the end of each session: peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory frequency (Fr), level of dyspnea by the Borg scale. Method: a prospective descriptive analytical sample of 19 patients. The survey was conducted with patients from the CF Clinic, Hospital de Clinicas (HC), Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP) and the Instituto da Criança (Chr), HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP). The method was applied to one session per week for four months. Results: MIP in the total group showed a significant increase (p<0.05 probability of the Wilcoxon test), MEP showed an increase only in the female group (p=0.007). The PFP did not show differences in the total group of patients (p>0.05). In TD3 pretreatment of the male group, there was increased heart rate (HR) (p=0.043) and Borg (p=0.023). In the post-treatment vital signs remained without significant changes. No TD3 pretreatment, the female group showed an increase in HR, respiratory frequency (Fr) and the Borg scale (p<0.05). In the post-treatment group continued TD3 this significant increase in HR, Fr and Borg scale. The measures vital signs comparing the beginning and end of each session, a session of Pilates the total group of patients showed no changes in SpO2, HR, Fr and Borg scale (p>0.05). During the 7th session, a significant increase of Fc in males and in the total group of patients showed a significant increase in Borg scale. In the 16th session only female group showed an increase in Borg scale. As for the z scores for weight and BMI, patients had no change, but there was an increase in height z scores in the female group (p=0.012). The assessment of QOL showed no changes in the QFC of children 6 to 11 years. In QFC parents/caregivers of children 6 to 13 years there was an increase in the field related respiratory and QFC in referring to patients 14 years or more, an increase in the physical realm. Conclusions: The study suggested that the use of Pilates has been effective in: gain of FMR, improvements in physical tolerance in male group, gain in height z scores in the female group. As for the QL QFC parents/caregivers of children 6 to 13 years there has been an improvement in respiratory status and QFC referring to patients 14 years or more improvements in physical condition
Mestrado
Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente
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Oesch, Martha Elizabeth. "Bedpans, vital signs, and meds : hospital restructuring and the skill polarization of nursing work." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69267.
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Zeitz, Kathryn. "Post-operative observations, ritualised or vital in the detection of post-operative complications." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phz483.pdf.
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Copy of author's previously published work inserted. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 273-283). Aims to identify if the current practice of post-operative vital sign collection detects complications in the first 24 hours after the patient has returned to the general ward setting using a combination of methods within a triangulated approach to data collection.
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Guo, Ran. "Intelligent method for collecting vital signals in versatile distributed e-home healthcare." Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3691807.
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Fleming, Susannah. "Measurement and fusion of non-invasive vital signs for routine triage of acute paediatric illness." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:840d94b0-041f-4b15-8b37-c2e37c999f3e.
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Serious illness in childhood is a rare occurrence, but accounts for 20% of childhood deaths. Early recognition and treatment of serious illness is vital if the child is to recover without long-term disability. It is known that vital signs such as heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, and oxygen saturation can be used to identify children who are at high risk of serious illness. This thesis presents research into the development of a vital signs monitor, designed for use in the initial assessment of unwell children at their first point of contact with a medical practitioner. Child-friendly monitoring techniques are used to obtain vital signs, which can then be combined using data fusion techniques to assist clinicians in identifying children with serious illness. Existing normal ranges for heart rate and respiratory rate in childhood vary considerably, and do not appear to be based on clinical evidence. This thesis presents a systematic meta-analysis of heart rate and respiratory rate from birth to 18 years of age, providing evidence-based curves which can be used to assess the degree of abnormality in these important vital signs. Respiratory rate is particularly difficult to measure in children, but is known to be predictive of serious illness. Current methods of automated measurement can be distressing, or are time-consuming to apply. This thesis therefore presents a novel method for estimating the respiratory rate from an optical finger sensor, the pulse oximeter, which is routinely used in clinical practice. Information from multiple vital signs can be used to identify children at risk of serious illness. A number of data fusion techniques were tested on data collected from children attending primary and emergency care, and shown to outperform equivalent existing scoring systems when used to identify those with more serious illness.
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Vasini, Fabio. "Integration of Internet of Things and Cloud computing. A case study on vital signs monitoring." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10204/.
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Il progresso scientifico e le innovazioni tecnologiche nei campi dell'elettronica, informatica e telecomunicazioni, stanno aprendo la strada a nuove visioni e concetti.
L'obiettivo della tesi è quello d'introdurre il modello del Cloud computing per rendere possibile l'attuale visione di Internet of Thing.
Nel primo capitolo si introduce Ubiquitous computing come un nuovo modo di vedere i computer, cercando di fare chiarezza sulla sua definizione, la sua nascita e fornendo un breve quadro storico.
Nel secondo capitolo viene presentata la visione di Internet of Thing (Internet delle “cose”) che si avvale di concetti e di problematiche in parte già considerate con Ubiquitous computing.
Internet of Thing è una visione in cui la rete Internet viene estesa agli oggetti di tutti i giorni. Tracciare la posizione degli oggetti, monitorare pazienti da remoto, rilevare dati ambientali sono solo alcuni esempi. Per realizzare questo tipo di applicazioni le tecnologie wireless sono da considerare necessarie, sebbene questa visione non assuma nessuna specifica tecnologia di comunicazione. Inoltre, anche schede di sviluppo possono agevolare la prototipazione di tali applicazioni.
Nel terzo capitolo si presenta Cloud computing come modello di business per utilizzare su richiesta risorse computazionali. Nel capitolo, vengono inizialmente descritte le caratteristiche principali e i vari tipi di modelli di servizio, poi viene argomentato il ruolo che i servizi di Cloud hanno per Internet of Thing. Questo modello permette di accelerare lo sviluppo e la distribuzione di applicazioni di Internet of Thing, mettendo a disposizione capacità di storage e di calcolo per l'elaborazione distribuita dell'enorme quantità di dati prodotta da sensori e dispositivi vari.
Infine, nell'ultimo capitolo viene considerato, come esempio pratico, l'integrazione di tecnologie di Cloud computing in una applicazione IoT. Il caso di studio riguarda il monitoraggio remoto dei parametri vitali, considerando Raspberry Pi e la piattaforma e-Health sviluppata da Cooking Hacks per lo sviluppo di un sistema embedded, e utilizzando PubNub come servizio di Cloud per distribuire i dati ottenuti dai sensori. Il caso di studio metterà in evidenza sia i vantaggi sia le eventuali problematiche che possono scaturire utilizzando servizi di Cloud in applicazioni IoT.
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Brígida, Gabriel Faustino Santa. "Fatores de risco para problemas respiratórios e musculoesqueléticos : o papel do tabagismo passivo e dor lombar /." Presidente Prudente, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143868.
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Orientador: Dionei RamosResumo: Introdução: Estima-se que um terço da população mundial inale involuntariamente a fumaça do cigarro, o que pode causar efeitos adversos como alteração dos sinais vitais, redução da função pulmonar e aumentar o risco de desenvolvimento de doenças respiratórias crônicas como a asma. Durante a exacerbação da asma, ocorre aumento da atividade dos músculos respiratórios acessórios e abdominais, o que pode resultar em adaptações musculares e desestabilização da coluna vertebral com consequente relato de dor lombar. Objetivos: O objetivo do primeiro estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do tabagismo passivo na função pulmonar e sinais vitais e correlacionar com fatores de exposição, bem como verificar os benefícios da cessação da exposição à fumaça do cigarro; já o segundo, foi investigar a associação entre dor lombar e asma em uma grande amostra de gêmeos. Métodos: Para o primeiro estudo, 42 indivíduos foram avaliados (19 no grupo exposto e 23 no grupo controle) em relação à função pulmonar, sinais vitais e histórico de exposição à fumaça do cigarro antes e após 8 semanas a cessação da exposição. Já para o segundo estudo, a amostra foi composta de 4.808 gêmeos adultos provenientes do registro de gêmeos da Austrália e de Murcia. Todos os gêmeos responderam a perguntas sobre prevalência de dor lombar, asma e histórico tabagístico. Resultados e Conclusões: O primeiro estudo evidenciou que a CVF de tabagistas passivos está reduzida em comparação a de indivíduos que nunca fumaram se encontra. C... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Introduction: It is estimated that one third of the world population involuntarily inhale cigarette smoke, which can cause adverse effects such as changes in vital signs, reduced lung function and increase the risk of developing chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma. During exacerbation of asthma, there is increased activity of respiratory accessories and abdominal muscles, which can result in muscle adaptations and destabilization of the spine, with consequent reporting back pain. Aims: The aim of the first study was to evaluate the effects of passive smoking on lung function and vital signs and correlate with exposure factors and verify the benefits of cessation of exposure to cigarette smoke; the aim of the second was to investigate the association between low back pain and asthma in a large sample of twins. Methods: For the first study, 42 subjects were assessed (19 in the exposed group and 23 in the control group) in relation to pulmonary function, vital signs and history of exposure to cigarette smoke before and after 8 weeks of the end of exposure. For the second study, the sample consisted of 4,808 adult twins from the record of twins from Australia and Murcia. All twins answered questions about the prevalence of low back pain, asthma, and Smoking status history. Results and Conclusions: The first study showed that FVC passive smokers is reduced compared to individuals who have never smoked is. However, the FVC values presented by passive smokers in this study a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Brígida, Gabriel Faustino Santa [UNESP]. "Fatores de risco para problemas respiratórios e musculoesqueléticos: o papel do tabagismo passivo e dor lombar." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143868.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Introdução: Estima-se que um terço da população mundial inale involuntariamente a fumaça do cigarro, o que pode causar efeitos adversos como alteração dos sinais vitais, redução da função pulmonar e aumentar o risco de desenvolvimento de doenças respiratórias crônicas como a asma. Durante a exacerbação da asma, ocorre aumento da atividade dos músculos respiratórios acessórios e abdominais, o que pode resultar em adaptações musculares e desestabilização da coluna vertebral com consequente relato de dor lombar. Objetivos: O objetivo do primeiro estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do tabagismo passivo na função pulmonar e sinais vitais e correlacionar com fatores de exposição, bem como verificar os benefícios da cessação da exposição à fumaça do cigarro; já o segundo, foi investigar a associação entre dor lombar e asma em uma grande amostra de gêmeos. Métodos: Para o primeiro estudo, 42 indivíduos foram avaliados (19 no grupo exposto e 23 no grupo controle) em relação à função pulmonar, sinais vitais e histórico de exposição à fumaça do cigarro antes e após 8 semanas a cessação da exposição. Já para o segundo estudo, a amostra foi composta de 4.808 gêmeos adultos provenientes do registro de gêmeos da Austrália e de Murcia. Todos os gêmeos responderam a perguntas sobre prevalência de dor lombar, asma e histórico tabagístico. Resultados e Conclusões: O primeiro estudo evidenciou que a CVF de tabagistas passivos está reduzida em comparação a de indivíduos que nunca fumaram se encontra. Contudo, os valores da CVF apresentados pelos tabagistas passivos deste estudo estão dentro da normalidade. A redução da CVF está diretamente correlacionada com a quantidade de horas por dia de exposição; e que tabagistas passivos não apresentaram alteração dos índices espirométricos e sinais vitais após oito semanas da cessação da exposição à fumaça do cigarro. O segundo estudo evidenciou que a dor lombar está associada com a asma na amostra combinada de gêmeos (incluindo gêmeos australianos e espanhóis) e na amostra de gêmeos australianos, mesmo depois do ajuste para fatores de confusão como idade, sexo, índice de massa corporal e tabagismo. Contudo, fatores genéticos e ambientais mostraram atenuar a força dessa associação quando são controlados. Adicionalmente, a prevalência da doença e exposições geográficas específicas devem ser levadas em consideração, uma vez que esses fatores também podem influenciar esta associação.
Introduction: It is estimated that one third of the world population involuntarily inhale cigarette smoke, which can cause adverse effects such as changes in vital signs, reduced lung function and increase the risk of developing chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma. During exacerbation of asthma, there is increased activity of respiratory accessories and abdominal muscles, which can result in muscle adaptations and destabilization of the spine, with consequent reporting back pain. Aims: The aim of the first study was to evaluate the effects of passive smoking on lung function and vital signs and correlate with exposure factors and verify the benefits of cessation of exposure to cigarette smoke; the aim of the second was to investigate the association between low back pain and asthma in a large sample of twins. Methods: For the first study, 42 subjects were assessed (19 in the exposed group and 23 in the control group) in relation to pulmonary function, vital signs and history of exposure to cigarette smoke before and after 8 weeks of the end of exposure. For the second study, the sample consisted of 4,808 adult twins from the record of twins from Australia and Murcia. All twins answered questions about the prevalence of low back pain, asthma, and Smoking status history. Results and Conclusions: The first study showed that FVC passive smokers is reduced compared to individuals who have never smoked is. However, the FVC values presented by passive smokers in this study are within normal limits. The reduction in FVC is directly correlated with the amount of hours per day of exposure; and passive smokers showed no change in spirometric indices and vital signs after eight weeks of the end of exposure to cigarette smoke. The second study showed that low back pain is associated with asthma in the combined sample of twins (including australian and spanish twins) and the sample of australian twins, even after adjusting for confounding factors such as age, sex, body mass index and smoking. However, genetic and environmental factors showed attenuate the strength of this association when controlled. Additionally, the prevalence of the disease and specific geographical exposures should be taken into account, since these factors can also influence this association.
FAPESP: 2014/08950-0
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Pettersson, Tobias. "Implementation of vital sign detection algorithms on a high-performance digital signal processor." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fysik och elektroteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-143869.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the possibility of detecting weak vital signs, such as heartbeat and respiration rate, through the implementation of quadrature demodulation and frequency spectrum algorithms on a high performance digital signal processor. This thesis has been part of an ongoing research project at Linkoping University, with the aim to develop a sensor platform for wireless measurements of these vital signs. This sensor platform has been expected to consist of two major physical devices, a RF-radar front-end including a quadrature multi-port and a processing back-end which holds the implementation of the algorithms to detect the vital signs. The back-end consists of a data acquisition- and a processing-part which together forms the digital signal processor. The results show that the implemented algorithms works in terms of being able to find artificial vital signs from quadrature signals. This result also confirms that the hardware solution proposed during this thesis, has been considered as viable for the aim of the project.
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Mikhelson, Ilya V. "Real-Time Detection and Tracking of Vital Signs with an Ambulatory Subject Using Millimeter-Wave Interferometry." Thesis, Northwestern University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3595683.
Full textAbstract:
Finding a subject's heart rate from a distance without any contact is a difficult and very practical problem. This kind of technology would allow more comfortable patient monitoring in hospitals or in home settings. It would also allow another level of security screening, as a person's heart rate increases in stressful situations, such as when lying or hiding malicious intent. In addition, the fact that the heart rate is obtained remotely means that the subject would not have to know he/she is being monitored at all, adding to the efficacy of the measurement.
Using millimeter-wave interferometry, a signal can be obtained that contains composite chest wall motion made up of component motions due to cardiac activity, respiration, and interference. To be of use, these components have to be separated from each other by signal processing. To do this, the quadrature and in-phase components of the received signal are analyzed to get a displacement waveform. After that, processing can be done on that waveform in either the time or frequency domains to find the individual heartbeats. The first method is to find the power spectrum of the displacement waveform and to look for peaks corresponding to heartbeats and respiration. Another approach is to examine the signal in the time domain using wavelets for multiresolution analysis. One more method involves studying the statistics of the wavelet-processed signal. The final method uses a heartbeat model along with probabilistic processing to find heartbeats.
For any of the above methods to work, the millimeter-wave sensor has to be accurately pointed at the subject's chest. However, even small subject motions can render the rest of the gathered data useless as the antenna may have lost its aim. To combat this, a color and a depth camera are used with a servo-pan/tilt base. My program finds a face in the image and subsequently tracks that face through upcoming frames. The pan/tilt base adjusts the aim of the antenna depending on the subject's position. This makes the entire system self-aiming and also allows the subject to move to a new location and to have data acquisition continue.