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Journal articles on the topic 'Silica microspheres'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Zhou, Sen, Xu Jian Li, Yong Juan Shi, and Chun Jie Yan. "Preparation of Monodisperse Functional Polystyrene/Silica Microsphere Composite via Suspension Polymerization Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 470 (December 2013): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.470.66.

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The monodisperse functional Polystyrene/Silica (PS/silica) microsphere has been successfully prepared via suspension polymerization followed by the modified silica composite phenylethylene method. The FTIR, SEM, EDS and BEI were used to characterize the structure and composition of monodisperse functional PS/Silica microspheres. The results indicated that the dosage of silica modifier affect the compatibility of the modified silica and phenyl ethylene. The several modified silica would synergistically impact on the morphology and performance of products corresponding to distinguish formation mechanisms. The thermal stability and compressive strength performance had been improved compared with polystyrene (PS).The weight loss of PS/Silica microspheres were less than polystyrene (PS) which weightlessness ratio is 96.92 wt %. The compressive strength of PS/Silica microspheres was almost two times as many as pure PS microspheres. The formation mechanism of monodisperse functional PS/Silica microsphere was developed ahead according to the results of FTIR, SEM, EDS and BEI under various polymerization conditions.

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2

Chimonides, G. F., J. M. Behrendt, E. Chundoo, C. Bland, A. V. Hine, A. Devitt, D. A. Nagel, and A. J. Sutherland. "Cellular uptake of ribonuclease A-functionalised core–shell silica microspheres." J. Mater. Chem. B 2, no. 42 (2014): 7307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tb01130a.

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Protein transduction: core–shell microspheres have been synthesised and coupled to ribonuclease A. Cellular uptake of these microspheres causes significantly reduced levels of intracellular RNA and reduced cell viability demonstrating that core–shell microsphere-mediated delivery of active enzymes into cells is effective.

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3

Ma, Guang Hui, Fa Ai Zhang, and Chang Sheng Gu. "Preparation of Polymer Microspheres Using Silane Coupling Agent Modified Nano-SiO₂ as Single Stabilizer." Advanced Materials Research 341-342 (September 2011): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.341-342.247.

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This paper demonstrates that silica nanoparticles were modified by the four silane coupling agents (KH-151, KH-550, KH-560, KH-570) firstly, then polystyrene/silica (PS/SiO2) composite microsphere with PS core and silica nanoparticles shell were prepared by Pickering emulsion polymerization. The characterization of optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and thermogravimetic analysis ( TGA) illustrates that these microsphere are composed of PS and silica nanoparticles. Silica nanoparticles modified by the different silane coupling agents could form the stable PS/SiO2 microsphere over 70 °C, while the unmodified silica nanoparticles are difficult to form stable PS/SiO2 microspheres at the same temperature. The PS/KH-151-SiO2 microsphere exhibits the least average particle size, while the PS/KH-570-SiO2 microsphere produces the largest. Both SEM and TGA confirm that microsphere surface exists solid nanoparticles.

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4

Kim, Young, Dong Lee, Eun Jung, Jun Bae, Sang Lee, Hyeong Pyo, Kuk Kang, and Dong Lee. "Preparation and characterization of quercetin-loaded silica microspheres stabilized by combined multiple emulsion and sol-gel processes." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 21, no. 1-1 (2015): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq131002010k.

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Despite exhibiting a wide spectrum of cosmeceutical properties, flavonoids and related compounds have some limitations related to their stability and solubility in distilledwater. In this project, we prepared silica microspheres using a novel method that uses polyol-in-oil-in-water (P/O/W) emulsion and sol-gel methods as techniques for stabilizing quercetin. A stable microsphere suspension was successfully preparedusing a mixed solvent system comprising a polyol-phase medium for performing the sol-gel processing of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as an inorganic precursor with outer water phase. The morphology of the microsphere was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), which showed a characteristic spherical particle shape with a smooth surface. Furthermore, SEM/EDSanalysis of a representative microsphere demonstrated that the inner structure of the silica microspheres was filled with quercetin. The mean diameter of the microsphere was in the range 20.6-35.0 ?m, and the encapsulation efficiency ranged from 17.8% to 27.5%. The free and encapsulated quercetin samples were incubated in separateaqueous solutions at 25 and 42?C for 28 days. The residualcontent of the quercetin encapsulated by silica microspheres was 82% at 42?C. In contrast, that of the free quercetin stored at 42?C decreased to ~24%.

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5

li, Zuo Sheng, Yan Zhang, Yu Jian Liu, Jun Fang, and Wei Ling Luan. "Preparation and Characterization of W@SiO₂ Shielding Composite Microsphere." Advanced Materials Research 1120-1121 (July 2015): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1120-1121.260.

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W@SiO2 shielding composite microspheres were prepared by Sol-gel method for the first time. The component and morphology were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results reveal that polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was introduced to the surface of tungsten nanoparticle successfully, and tungsten nanoparticle had been coated with silica. The appropriate hydrolysis reaction time is 3h, core-shell structure W@SiO2 shielding composite microsphere can be synthesized and free silica decrease sharply. Core element and shell element of W@SiO2 shielding composite microspheres were proved to be tungsten and silica respectively.

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6

Fan, Huibo, Dawei Zhou, Li Fan, Yuanyan Wu, Hao Tao, and Junbin Gong. "Excitation of Multi-Beam Interference and Whispering-Gallery Mode in Silica Taper-Assisted Polymer Microspheres for Refractometric Sensing." Photonics 8, no. 4 (April 10, 2021): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8040117.

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We propose and numerically analyze a fiber-optic sensor based on a silica taper-assisted multiple polymer microspheres to realize high-sensitivity refractometric sensing due to the excitation of multi-beam interference and whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) in each microsphere. Up to 5 UV-cured adhesive microspheres are dripped in sequence on the 2 µm-diameter silica taper with the certain distances in between. Scattering and reflection of light in each microsphere enhance the multi-beam interference because of the emergence of high-order modes. Moreover, WGMs with certain resonant wavelengths are excited in the microspheres, further enhancing the transmission spectrum with high contrast and quality factor. Furthermore, irregular transmission spectrum corresponds to the large wavelength tuning range. Propagating light between the microspheres could be strongly affected by the environmental factor with the large transmission spectrum shift, therefore realizing the refractometric sensing with high sensitivity of 846 nm/RIU based on the taper-assisted 2-spheres sensor. Furthermore, another two microspheres are placed on both sides of 2-spheres sensor to form 4-spheres-loop sensor, re-collecting those large-angle scattering light with the enhancement of multi-beam interference and WGMs. Therefore, the sensitivity of 4-shperes-loop sensor is further improved to the maximum of 1296.3 nm/RIU.

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7

Liu, Lin, Wen Juan Guo, Zhao Dai, Ming Jing Li, and Jun Fu Wei. "Preparation of Marcoporous and Hollow Silica Microspheres with Raspberry-Like Organic Composite Particles as Templates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 372 (August 2013): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.372.13.

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Marcoporous silica hollow microspheres were prepared by poly (acrylic acid)@poly (ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine) (PAA@P(EGDMA-co-VPy)) composite particles with raspberry-like structure as the template. P(EGDMA-co-VPy) and PAA microspheres were prepared by distillation precipitation polymerization respectively. The raspberry-like organic composite polymer particles were obtained through the self-assembly of PAA microspheres on P(EGDMA-co-VPy) microspheres. Then, Silica layer was coated on the composite particles with Stöber method in an alkaline environment. The marcoporous silica hollow microspheres were received after the calcination to remove the organic template. The diameter of the marcoporous silica hollow microspheres, hollow inner core and the pore size of silica layer was about 2.0 μm, 1.5 μm and 20-130 nm, respectively.

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8

Lin, Yi, Jinjia Xu, Bhosale Sanjana Sudhakar, Junjie Gu, and Ruoyu Hong. "Preparation of spherical aminopropyl-functionalized MCM-41 and its application in removal of Pb(II) ion from aqueous solution." Nanotechnology Reviews 8, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2019-0026.

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Abstract Mesoporous silica microspheres were prepared by the polymerization-induced colloid aggregation (PICA) and pseudomorphic synthesis methods. The prepared microspheres have high specific surface area and MCM-41 type structure. In the PICA process, acidic silica sol was utilized as silica source and the effect of molar ration (formaldehyde/urea) was investigated. Moreover, the influences of reaction time and temperature were also studied. The specific surface area of porous and mesoporous silica microspheres were 186.4 m2/g and 900.4 m2/g, respectively. The materials were characterized by SAXS, FTIR, SEM, TEM and nitrogen sorption measurements. The prepared silica microspheres were functionalized by (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and then used to remove the lead from aqueous solution. The result indicates that the grafted silica microspheres have rapid adsorption capacity and good reproducibility. The adsorption data was fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacities for MCM-41 silica microspheres were 102.7 mg/g.

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9

Taksavasu, Tadsuda, Thomas Monecke, and T. Reynolds. "Textural Characteristics of Noncrystalline Silica in Sinters and Quartz Veins: Implications for the Formation of Bonanza Veins in Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposits." Minerals 8, no. 8 (August 2, 2018): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8080331.

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Silica sinters forming at the Wairakei geothermal power plant in New Zealand are composed of noncrystalline opal-A that deposited rapidly from cooling geothermal liquids flashed to atmosphere. The sinter is laminated with alternating layers of variably compacted silicified filamentous microbes encased by chains of fused silica microspheres. Microscopic inspection of bonanza quartz vein samples from the Buckskin National low-sulfidation epithermal precious metal deposit in Nevada showed that colloform bands in these veins exhibit relic microsphere textures similar to those observed in the silica sinters from the Wairakei power plant. The textural similarity suggests that the colloform bands were originally composed of noncrystalline opal-A that subsequently recrystallized to quartz. The colloform bands contain dendrites of electrum and naumannite that must have grown in a yielding matrix of silica microspheres deposited at the same time as the ore minerals, implying that the noncrystalline silica exhibited a gel-like behavior. Quartz bands having other textural characteristics in the crustiform veins lack ore minerals. This suggests that ore deposition and the formation of the colloform bands originally composed of compacted microspheres of noncrystalline silica are genetically linked and that ore deposition within the bonanza veins was only episodic. Supersaturation of silica and precious metals leading to the formation of the colloform bands may have occurred in response to transient flashing of the hydrothermal liquids. Flashing of geothermal liquids may thus represent a key mechanism in the formation of bonanza precious metal grades in low-sulfidation epithermal deposits.

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10

Cheng, Xiao Su, Ling Ke Zeng, Xiu Yan Li, Wen Yan Sheng, An Ze Shui, Ze Hao Liu, Ying Yuan Zhang, Yue Wang, and Yong Zhao Wang. "Preparation and Microstructure of Bauxite Ceramic Microsphere." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1124–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1124.

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In this paper, microspheres were prepared by using Chinese bauxite as raw materials through centrifugal spray drying method. The microstructure and composition of ceramic microsphere were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy spectrum. The particle size was 10~100#m. The XRD analysis reveals that the main crystalline phase of the ceramic microsphere were α-Al2O3 and mullite (3Al2O3•2SiO2). The Al2O3 content (chemical composition) of the microspheres was little more than 70%, and the molar ratio of Al2O3/SiO2 was near to the molar ratio of alumina and silica of mullite.

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11

Liu, Xin-Hui, Yan-Yan Cao, Huang-Yong Peng, Hai-Sheng Qian, Xian-Zhu Yang, and Hong-Bin Zhang. "Silica/ultrasmall Ag composite microspheres: facile synthesis, characterization and antibacterial and catalytic performance." CrystEngComm 16, no. 12 (2014): 2365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ce42372g.

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Uniform silica/ultrasmall silver composite microspheres have been successfully prepared from silica microspheres and [Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺via a hydrothermal process. The as-prepared silica/Ag microspheres exhibit an excellent antibacterial performance towards E. coli.

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12

He, Jia Li, Xiu Hua Chen, Wen Jie Zhu, Wen Hui Ma, Yong Yin Xiao, Jiao Li, and Hui Zhang. "Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Microspheres by PICA and Pseudomorphic Transformation Using Silica Fume as Silica Source." Materials Science Forum 809-810 (December 2014): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.809-810.207.

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Monodisperse mesoporous silica microspheres (MSM-SF) were successfully prepared through PICA and pseudomorphic transformation using silica fume as original silica source. The structure and morphology of spheres were quantitatively investigated by Zata potential and particle size analyzer, N2 sorption isotherms, XRD, SEM and TEM. The results showed that the monodisperse spherical mesoporous silica microspheres (MSM-SF) exhibited uniform spherical morphology, worm-like mesoporous, large BET surface area of 559.9m2/g; its BJH average pore size diameter and total pore volume are 3.3nm and 0.12cm3/g, respectively. This preparation method provides a new synthetic strategy to control the particle morphology and structure simultaneously, meanwhile this method can also significantly reduce the cost of synthesis of mesoporous silica microspheres.

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13

Li, Guoliang, Gang Liu, E. T. Kang, K. G. Neoh, and Xinlin Yang. "pH-Responsive Hollow Polymeric Microspheres and Concentric Hollow Silica Microspheres from Silica−Polymer Core−Shell Microspheres." Langmuir 24, no. 16 (August 2008): 9050–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la8010579.

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14

Lan, Bi Hao, Lu Zhang, Hui Ying Chen, Ling Yu Tan, Hua Li, Li Li Feng, and Xiao Ye Hong. "Dielectrophoresis Response and Manipulation of Silica and its Application to Micro/Nanosensors." Advanced Materials Research 873 (December 2013): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.873.713.

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In this paper, silica microspheres and several novel μm scale DEP (dielectrophoresis) micro electrode array chips were prepared. A DEP experimental system was assembled to investigate the the DEP response of silica microspheres and micrometer particles. The effects of pattern of electrodes and frequency of AC field on the manipulation of silica microspheres were analyzed. The results showed that silica microspheres were manipulated by negative DEP (nDEP) in all types of electrodes, the position of silica microspheres in the electrodes changed when the frequency was changed and the phenomenon of nDEP was more obvious at higher frequency. A gas sensor was fabricated by dielectrophoretically assembling SiO2micrometer particles. The sensor showed good response to SO2and NH3gas. The measurement results confirmed DEP could be a quicker method for constructing gas sensor.

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15

Cao, Feng, Dong Xu Li, and Zheng Ying Wu. "In Situ Synthesis of the Hollow Silica Microspheres with Porous Surface by Using Chemical Modified Pollen Grains as Biotemplate." Key Engineering Materials 645-646 (May 2015): 1273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.645-646.1273.

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Hollow silica microspheres with porous surface were synthesized by using the pollen grains as biotemplate through an in-situ synthesis process, in which the pollen grains were surface modified by ammonium oleate. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption porosimetry analyzer were applied to investigate the as-prepared microspheres. Bovine serum albumin was used as the model drug to estimate the adsorption property. And the effect of the different amount of tetraethoxysilane during the synthesis process were discussed in this paper. Results indicated that the hierarchical network of the pollen wall could be well replicated through this method, in which the hydrophobic interaction between the pollen wall and surfactant as well as the electrostatic interaction between the surfactant and the hydrolysate of tetraethoxysilane were considered as the key factors for the replication. The hollow silica microspheres have loading capacity for the model drug, and the adsorption property of this microsphere could be easily adjusted by changing the amount of tetraethoxysilane.

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16

Wang, Hong Feng, Zhi Qi Wang, Ai Ping Wang, Zhi Bin Zhu, and Yan Sheng Yin. "A Green Approach to Preparing Nanosized Hollow Silica Microspheres with Waste Polystyrene." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 1511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1511.

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An attempt was made to prepare hollow silica microspheres by an oil-in-water emulsion which proposed to use waste polystyrene organic solution as oil phase. Effects of the kinds and amounts of surfactants and the concentration of waste polystyrene solution on the nanosized hollow silica microspheres were studied. The prepared hollow silica microspheres were characterized by TEM, XRD, TG-DTA and particle size distribution analyzer. The experimental results showed that the waste polystyrene organic solution was successfully treated as oil core and the cores could be removed at about 350°C. Meanwhile, the obtained hollow microspheres were amorphous with an average particle size of 40nm. The hollow silica microspheres could be obtained with the selected surfactant.

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17

Wei, Hong Juan, Yuan Cao, Bo Lin Liu, Xiao Wang, and Yan Qin Xu. "Decoloration of Methylene Blue Via Mesoporous Silica Microspheres Doped with TiO₂." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 2166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.2166.

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Mesoporous silica microsphere was prepared by microwave hydrothermal synthesis，using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as template agent and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source. And mesoporous silica microspheres doped with TiO2 was prepared by sol-gel method. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis. Then methylene blue decoloration test was investigated to verify the mechanism proposed elsewhere, with respect to concentration, amount of samples, pH and light illumination. Results indicate that low concentration, large amounts of samples, alkaline and UV illumination are more favorable to adsorption, and TiO2/MSM has higher decoloration rate than MSM.

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18

Ding, J. Y., and D. E. Day. "Preparation of silica glass microspheres by sol-gel processing." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 1 (January 1991): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.0168.

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A method for making glass microspheres by the sol-gel process has been developed. Porous silica microspheres were produced at temperatures as low as 500 °C and densified silica microspheres were prepared at 800 °C. The size of the microspheres was controlled by adjusting the feed rate of the raw materials and the frequency of the droplet generator so that uniform spheres were obtained. Glass microspheres prepared by this method were characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and optical microscopy.

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19

Cacaina, D., Reeta Viitala, Mika Jokinen, Heimo O. Ylänen, Mikko Hupa, and S. Simon. "In Vitro Behavior of Yttrium Silica Sol-Gel Microspheres." Key Engineering Materials 284-286 (April 2005): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.411.

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Biodegradable silica microspheres containing neutron activable yttrium cations were investigated as a potential material for in situ radiotherapy of cancers. The sol-gel method used for preparing the microspheres allows obtaining at relative low temperatures materials of high purity and homogeneity, with controlled rate of biodegradability. The influence of yttrium on the biodegradability of the silica microspheres was studied in a simulated body fluid (SBF). The chemical durability of the microspheres was investigated under in vitro conditions and the concentration of yttrium released from the microspheres was determined.

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20

Sultana, S., Md A. Alam, M. Takafuji, and H. Ihara. "Hybrid mesoporous microspheres from aqueous droplets containing a silica nanoparticle–polymer network in a W/O suspension." RSC Advances 6, no. 49 (2016): 42756–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra05173a.

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Mesoporous hybrid microspheres were fabricated from aqueous droplets of homogeneously distributed silica nanoparticles and reactive polymer in W/O suspension. Further calcination provides mesoporous silica microspheres.

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21

Liu, Hui, Fang Yan, Hong Jie Fang, and Li Dong Zhang. "The Fabrication of Nanometer- and Micrometer-Sized Silica Hollow Spheres." Advanced Materials Research 998-999 (July 2014): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.998-999.111.

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Using melamine formaldehyde (MF) microspheres as hard templates and silica colloid as shell precursors, core-shell structures of silica-coated MF microspheres were prepared by the electrostatic adsorption process or spray drying inspired in-situ coating and drying process. Furthermore, nanometer- and micrometer-sized silica hollow spheres were obtained by calcinations in air. The influence of preparation methods and ratio of silica colloid to MF microspheres on the composition, the morphology and size of the core-shell intermediates and the hollow spheres were studied with FTIR, SEM and TEM techniques.

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22

Chemburu, Sireesha, Kyle Fenton, Gabriel P. Lopez, and Reema Zeineldin. "Biomimetic Silica Microspheres in Biosensing." Molecules 15, no. 3 (March 17, 2010): 1932–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules15031932.

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23

Chunhua Dong, 董春华, 邹长铃 Changling Zou, 崔金明 Jinming Cui, 杨勇 Yong Yang, 韩正甫 Zhengfu Han, and 郭光灿 Guangcan Guo. "Ringing phenomenon in silica microspheres." Chinese Optics Letters 7, no. 4 (2009): 299–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col20090704.0299.

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24

Vilt, Steven G., Nathaniel Martin, Clare McCabe, and G. Kane Jennings. "Frictional performance of silica microspheres." Tribology International 44, no. 2 (February 2011): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2010.10.024.

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25

Hartl, M., L. Daemen, and G. Muhrer. "Water trapped in silica microspheres." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 161 (October 2012): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2012.04.025.

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26

Ogawa, Katsu, Sireesha Chemburu, Gabriel P. Lopez, David G. Whitten, and Kirk S. Schanze. "Conjugated Polyelectrolyte-Grafted Silica Microspheres." Langmuir 23, no. 8 (April 2007): 4541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la0630108.

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27

Park, Young-Shin, and Hailin Wang. "Regenerative pulsation in silica microspheres." Optics Letters 32, no. 21 (October 19, 2007): 3104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.32.003104.

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28

Han, Jeannie, and Eugenia Kumacheva. "Monodispersed Silica−Titanyl Sulfate Microspheres." Langmuir 17, no. 25 (December 2001): 7912–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la010745y.

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29

Ferreira, Marta S., José L. Santos, and Orlando Frazão. "Silica microspheres array strain sensor." Optics Letters 39, no. 20 (October 10, 2014): 5937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.39.005937.

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30

Aleman, Julie C., Audrey Saint-Jean, Bérangère Leys, Christopher Carcaillet, Charly Favier, and Laurent Bremond. "Estimating phytolith influx in lake sediments." Quaternary Research 80, no. 2 (September 2013): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2013.05.008.

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So far, no phytolith extraction protocols have been tested for accuracy and repeatability. Here we aim to display a phytolith extraction method combining the strengths of two widely used protocols, supplemented with silica microspheres as exogenous markers for quantifying phytolith concentrations. Phytolith concentrations were estimated for samples from two sedimentary sequences in which numerical age–depth models make it possible to calculate phytolith influxes (phytolith numbers per cm2per yr). Analysis of replicates confirmed the statistical robustness, the repeatability and the very few biases of our extraction technique for small phytoliths, since the relationship between grass silica short cells and microspheres was kept stable. Furthermore, we demonstrated that silica microspheres are robust exogenous markers for estimating phytolith concentrations. The minimum number of items (i.e., phytoliths plus silica microspheres) that must be counted to estimate phytolith concentrations and thus influxes depends on the ratio of phytoliths to microspheres (R) and is minimized when R = 1. Nevertheless, we recommend using ratios R ≤ 1 in order to avoid having the counting process become excessively time-consuming, because microspheres are easier to identify and count than phytoliths.

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31

Kang, Shi Zhao, Yi Kai Yang, Xiang Qing Li, and Jin Mu. "Loading of HgS Nanoparticles on the Silica Microspheres." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 2298–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.2298.

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HgS nanoparticles were loaded on the silica microspheres by an improved layer-by-layer self-assembled technique following low temperature heat-treatment. The optical properties of HgS nanoparticles on the silica microspheres were characterized with UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. The results suggested that the HgS nanoparticles were formed on the silica microspheres, and the average size of particles was approximately 15 nm. The direct band gap of the loaded HgS nanoparticles was calculated to be 2.4 eV from the absorption spectrum, which was blue-shifted by 0.4 eV from its bulk value due to quantum size effect. The photoluminescence showed a broad emission around 440 nm from sulfur vacancies. These results indicate that the optical properties of HgS nanoparticles loaded on the silica microspheres are similar to those of free HgS nanoparticles, which is encouraging for potential applications.

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32

Ju, Minhua, Yupeng Li, Liang Yu, Chongqing Wang, and Lixiong Zhang. "Preparation of size-controllable monodispersed carbon@silica core-shell microspheres and hollow silica microspheres." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 247 (July 2017): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2017.03.058.

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33

Louh, Rong Fuh, and Eric Huang. "Electrophoretic Self-Assembly of Sol-Gel Derived Silica Microspheres." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.599.

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Monosized silica microspheres (100−500 nm) were prepared by a sol-gel process by using tetraethyl orthosilicate precursor. A well-dispersed suspension was obtained by adjusting suspension to be weakly basic for a better yield of electrophoretic self-assembly (EPSA). A perfect EPSA behavior of silica microspheres into the layered pattern with the FCC structure was created. EPSA technique has been demonstrated as a simple and effective route to make numerous templates, which are associated with 3-D structures of silica microspheres in asymmetric geometries, for design of photonic crystals.

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Liu, Shiquan, Meiying Wei, Pegie Cool, Cynthia Van Oers, and Jiancun Rao. "Influence of Surfactant Concentration on the Surface Morphology of Hollow Silica Microspheres and Its Explanation." Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, no. 5 (September 13, 2011): 766–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927611000572.

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AbstractThe surface morphology of hollow silica microspheres has influence on their applications. After a thorough investigation of the deposition of silica nanoparticles on polystyrene (PS) beads and the surface morphology and texture of the resultant hollow silica shells with scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and N2-sorption measurements, the influence of surfactant [cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)] concentration on the surface morphology of hollow silica microspheres templated by PS beads is explained. Previously, CTAB was believed to turn the surface charge of PS beads from negative into positive so that negatively charged silica could be deposited on the PS template. Here, we show CTA+ cations preferentially assemble with silica species to form silica-CTA+ composite nanoparticles. Since the zeta potential of silica-CTA+ composite nanoparticles is smaller than that of pure silica nanoparticles, these composite nanoparticles encounter less repulsion when they are deposited on the surface of PS beads and close to each other. As more CTAB is added, the silica-CTA+ nanoparticles are less negatively charged, and more compact and smooth hollow silica microspheres are obtained.

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Yu, Jibo, Elfed Lewis, Gilberto Brambilla, and Pengfei Wang. "Temperature Sensing Performance of Microsphere Resonators." Sensors 18, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 2515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082515.

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In recent years, many temperature sensing devices based on microsphere resonators have emerged, attracting an increasing research interest. For the purpose of this review article, microsphere resonators are divided according to their constituting materials, namely silicone, silica, compound glass, and liquid droplet. Temperature monitoring relies mainly on the thermo-optic/thermal expansion of the microspheres and on the fluorescence of the doped ions. This article presents a comprehensive review of the current state of the art of microsphere based temperature sensing and gives an indication of future directions.

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Sui, Xue Ye, Jie Xu, Chong Hai Wang, Chang Ling Zhou, and Rui Xiang Liu. "Preparation of Hollow Silica Microspheres with Nanoporous Shells by Soft Template Method." Key Engineering Materials 602-603 (March 2014): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.602-603.63.

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A kind of new hollow silica microspheres were proposed in experiment, which are fabricatted by a fast hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate taking place around multi-lamellar octylamine vesicles. The morphology of the vesicles is then fixed by a quick gelation process, resulting in hollow organo-silica spheres. After the removal of the template by calcination, nanopores are formed in the hollow shells. The results show that the synthesized hollow silica microspheres have smooth surface and dispersed well£®There are bimodal nanopores in the hollow silica microspheres, with a diameter of 2.1 nm and 0.62nm for the mesopores and micropores respectively, giving a specific surface area of 1123m2/g and a pore volume of 0.6291mL/g£®

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Cho, Y. S. "Fabrication Of Colloidal Clusters Decorated With Dye Molecules For Potential Application As Photonic Molecules." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 1221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0102.

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AbstractIn this study, colloidal clusters decorated with fluorescent dyes were fabricated by evaporation-driven self-assembly using emulsion droplets as confining geometries. Silica microspheres were synthesized by Stober method followed by the modification with dye molecules through additional surface sol-gel reaction for the formation of thin silica shell. The surface of the resultant dye-doped silica microspheres was modified with hydrophobic silane coupling agent to disperse the particle suspension in organic solvent such as hexane. The fluorescent silica microspheres were self-assembled inside oil-in-water emulsions by evaporation-driven self-assembly for the formation of colloidal clusters, potentially applicable for photonic molecules. The clusters with fluorescent emission were observed using confocal microscope.

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Wang, Yue Hui. "Large-Area Self-Assembled Monolayer of Silica Microspheres by Convective Assembly." Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (April 2014): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.479.

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We reported here a convective assembly process for the formation of large-area self-assembled monolayers of silica microspheres on silicon and glass substrates. Uniformly coated monolayers of silica spheres were achieved on silicon wafers with and without coated SiN2 of 3 inch of diameter and large glass substrate of 6 × 6 in2 in size. The coating of large-area uniform monolayers of silica microspheres was characterized with scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The mechanism of the convective assembly has been explained by the convective flux that is generated by capillary immersion force caused from the solution evaporation and hydrodynamic drag force. The patterns of silica microspheres were transferred to the silicon substrates using a deep reactive ion etching technique. It is found that textured silicon reduced the reflectance of silicon substrate from 52.2% to 33.2% around 400 nm and from 33.9% to 19.5% around 1,100 nm. The rapid self-assembled monolayer with silica microspheres provided a glimpse at the wide range of coating and photonic device applications where convective assembly can be used.

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He, Jia Li, Xiu Hua Chen, Wen Jie Zhu, Wen Hui Ma, Yong Yin Xiao, Jiao Li, and Hui Zhang. "Preparation of Porous Silica Microspheres by Polymerization-Induced Colloid Aggregation Method." Advanced Materials Research 898 (February 2014): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.898.132.

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The UF resin/SiO2 composites microspheres with particle size of 2μm were successfully prepared by polymerization of silica sol from base-catalyzed hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate, and urea-formaldehyde via the PICA approach, and then calcination in air to remove organic UF resin and yield porous silica microspheres. The samples were characterized by Zetasizer NanoZS Instrument, SEM and Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The results showed that the synthesized porous silica microspheres with a BET surface area of 67.01m2/g, a BJH average pore size diameter of 37.32 nm and a total pore volume of 0.69cm3/g, respectively.

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Dan, Chen Hong, Yin Jing Bo, Chen Xue Si, Luo Kun, and Cao Tian. "Preparation of 5-Flurouracil Loaded Microspheres." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 6, no. 3 (July 13, 2017): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj610.

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Polylactide (PLA) is a kind of biodegradable and biocompatible material. In recent years, polylactide (PLA) and its copolymers have received significant attention from researchers. 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is an antimetabolite of the pyrimidine analog type and is widely used for cancer treatment. As many other kinds of hydrophilic medicines, 5-Fu is difficult to be encapsulated by a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion solvent evaporation technique and the drug content is affected by the volume of the internal phase the increase in which resultes in a decrease in the yield of microspheres. In this study, 5-Fu loaded PLA microspheres which has quite high yield were prepared by a particular oil-in-water evaporation method. During the process of microspheres preparation, nano-silica was used in order to achieve high drug content. The size and morphology of the microspheres were observed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to the results, these microspheres have smooth, spherical surface structure, with no apparent evidence of collapsing which can ensure the even release of the drug. Their size depends on the concentration of dispersed phase and gelatin and the size of nano-silica particles. The nano-silica content was determined by thermogravimetry analyzer (TGA) and by a spectrophotometer, the 5-Fu content in the microspheres could be calculated. It was shown that the PLA microspheres containing lower amount of nano-silica have higher ability to incorporate 5-Fu.

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Wan, Yong, Zhong Yu Cai, Ming Hui Jia, Chao Li, and Wan Qin Yang. "Fabrication of Colloidal Crystals on Different Patterned Silicon Substrates by Self-Assembly Method." Advanced Materials Research 850-851 (December 2013): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.850-851.92.

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Silica and polystyrene (PS) microspheres assembled on two quite different patterned silicon substrates, cross-like pillar pattern and eye-like pattern, respectively. The results indicated that the surface pattern imposes a predetermined lattice orientation in colloidal crystals (CCs). Other influent factors, such as microsphere size, the altitude of pattern and the concentration of colloidal suspension, may also play an important role on the self-assembly process.

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Kim, Jong-Yun, Suk Bon Yoon, Myung-Ho Lee, Yong Joon Park, Won-Ho Kim, and Kwang Yong Jee. "The Role of Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric Acid as a Cosurfactant on the Morphology Control of Mesoporous Silica Microspheres." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 3862–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.098.

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Synthesis of mesoporous silica microspheres larger than 10 μm via surfactant template approach has rarely been reported. According to the previous studies, particle morphologies were highly variable, depending on the synthesis conditions and impeller design such as impeller type, size, and agitation speed. A new robust surfactant-template synthesis strategy for the stable suspension of large silica microspheres was investigated by introducing an additional cosurfactant. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) as a cosurfactant played a key role in suspension stabilization without distorting the spherical morphology as well as in the formation of uniform pore structures. High quality of mesoporous silica microspheres was obtained and compared with the Kosuge's silica under different conditions such as stirring rate, acid concentration, the amount of solvent in a mother liquor.

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WANG, CHENG-CHIEN, JING-MO LIN, CHUN-RONG LIN, and SHENG-CHANG WANG. "PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF HOLLOW SILICA/MAGNETIC NANOCOMPOSITE PARTICLE." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 06 (January 2012): 601–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512003844.

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The hollow silica/cobalt ferrite ( CoFe 2 O 4) magnetic microsphere with amino-groups were successfully prepared via several steps, including preparing the chelating copolymer microparticles as template by soap-free emulsion polymerization, manufacturing the hollow cobalt ferrite magnetic microsphere by in-situ chemical co-precipitation following calcinations, and surface modifying of the hollow magnetic microsphere by 3-aminopropyltrime- thoxysilane via the sol-gel method. The average diameter of polymer microspheres was ca. 200 nm from transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurement. The structure of the hollow magnetic microsphere was characterized by using TEM and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The spinel-type lattice of CoFe 2 O 4 shell layer was identified by using XRD measurement. The diameter of CoFe 2 O 4 crystalline grains ranged from 54.1 nm to 8.5 nm which was estimated by Scherrer's equation. Additionally, the hollow silica/cobalt ferrite microsphere possesses superparamagnetic property after VSM measurement. The result of BET measurement reveals the hollow magnetic microsphere which has large surface areas (123.4m2/g). After glutaraldehyde modified, the maximum value of BSA immobilization capacity of the hollow magnetic microsphere was 33.8 mg/g at pH 5.0 buffer solution. For microwave absorption, when the hollow magnetic microsphere was compounded within epoxy resin, the maximum reflection loss of epoxy resins could reach -35dB at 5.4 GHz with 1.9 mm thickness.

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Luo, Hui, Jonathan C. Aitchison, and Yujing Wang. "Inter-shell casts of entactiniid radiolarians from the Devonian of SW China." Journal of Micropalaeontology 19, no. 1 (May 1, 2000): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.19.1.8.

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Abstract. In the course of studies on Devonian radiolarian faunas from Nanning, Guangxi, SW China (Luo et al., 1997), numerous smooth siliceous microspheres (Fig. 1) are encountered together with abundant spherical entactiniid radiolarians. The present investigation reveals that these microspheres are siliceous casts formed through precipitation of silica between the medullary and cortical shells of entactiniid radiolarians. As these microspheres are commonly the most abundant particles encountered in some Devonian samples, an understanding of their origins is desirable.Examined material is from two bedded chert samples collected from the upper part of the Tanhe Formation at Wuxiangling, 5 km SE of Nanning, Guangxi Province, SW China. Tanhe Formation consists of thin dark grey, brown grey cherty rock and cherty mudstone containing abundant radiolarians (entactiniids, ceratoikiscids and palaeoscenidiids) and tentaculitids. Based on zonation of tentaculitid faunas this formation is Lower to Middle Devonian (Upper Emsian – Lower Givetian) (Zhong et al., 1992; Kuang et al., 1996). A standard method (Pessagno & Newport, 1972) for extraction of radiolarians from cherts using hydroflouric acid was applied.Free microspheres are the most common individuals (Pl. 1, figs 1, 8). All have smooth surfaces and possess some relatively larger holes or pores. Average microsphere diameter (20 specimens) is 92 μm. Hole shapes vary from three-bladed to round with spines rarely seen penetrating the microspheres (Pl. 1, figs 7, 10). A full range of material from microsphere-bearing entactiniids in which there are remnants of the original spongy radiolarian shells (Pl. 1, figs 5–7, 9) to solitary microspheres . . .

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Ma, Xing Meng, Ji Mei Zhang, Zhao Dai, Xiao Yu Chen, Xiao Qing Wang, and Qing Yin Zhang. "Fluorescent DNA Biosensors on Silica Microspheres." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.195.

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A novel DNA biosensor system on silica microspheres as solid carriers which based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was presented in this work when CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were as energy donors and Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) were as energy accepters. Compared with the fluorescent intensity of CdTe QDs, the fluorescent intensity of DNA biosensors decreased extremely, which indicated that the FRET occurred between CdTe QDs and AuNPs. The biosensor system would have a certain degree recovery of fluorescence when the complementary single stranded DNA was introduced into this system. The DNA detection results indicated that this novel fluorescent DNA probe system could recognize the existence of complementary target DNA or not.

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46

Demir, A., and A. Serpengüzel. "Silica microspheres for biomolecular detection applications." IEE Proceedings - Nanobiotechnology 152, no. 3 (2005): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-nbt:20045010.

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Fowler, Christabel E., Deepa Khushalani, and Stephen Mann. "Facile synthesis of hollow silica microspheres." Journal of Materials Chemistry 11, no. 8 (2001): 1968–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b102675p.

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48

Menna, Enzo, Federico Della Negra, Maurizio Prato, Nikos Tagmatarchis, Alessia Ciogli, Francesco Gasparrini, Domenico Misiti, and Claudio Villani. "Carbon nanotubes on HPLC silica microspheres." Carbon 44, no. 8 (July 2006): 1609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2006.02.032.

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Yue, Chun Xiao, Peng Ding, Yu Zhao, and Li Yi Shi. "Preparation of Silica Microspheres Coated by Nano-ZrO₂." Advanced Materials Research 924 (April 2014): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.924.36.

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Silica microspheres coated by nanoZrO2 were prepared by the sol-gel process using butoxidesolution (TBOZ) as precursor. The nanomicrospheres were formed via hydrolysis and condension reaction of metal alkoxides with the hydroxyl (-OH) of silica microspheres by form Zr-O-Si bonds. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR and SEM. Presence of the FT-IR bands with frequencies ranging from 800 to 900 cm-1 can be assigned to SiO vibration, and to ZrOSi stretching vibration. XRD analysis shows obviously the characteristic diffraction peaks of tetragonal (T-ZrO2) in the sample by heat-treatment at 400°C. The SEM image showed that the surface layers of silica microspheres were coated by nanoparticles.

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Zhang, Zhikun, Qingqing Liu, Yumin Liu, Ran Qi, Lilong Zhou, Zhengjie Li, Jimmy Yun, Runjing Liu, and Yongqi Hu. "Colorimetric H2O2 Detection Using Ag-Nanoparticle-Decorated Silica Microspheres." Nano 15, no. 01 (January 2020): 2050009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292020500095.

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In view of the importance of convenient and rapid H2O2 detection for biological analysis, we herein propose Ag nanoparticle (NP)-decorated silica microspheres as a probe for instant and non-enzymatic on-site colorimetric detection of H2O2. The surface hydroxyl groups of silica microspheres were reacted with (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane to afford thiolated microspheres that subsequently bind Ag NPs. The oxidation of residual –SH groups on the silica surface to –S–S– moieties in the presence of H2O2 induces the aggregation of decorated microspheres and is accompanied by a color change. Sensor response is found to be proportional to H2O2 concentration in the range from 100[Formula: see text]nM to 1[Formula: see text]mM, with UV–Vis and colorimetric detection limits determined as 10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M and 10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M, respectively. The developed platform is successfully used to detect H2O2 in simulated human urine and is, therefore, concluded to be sufficiently stable and selective for practical applications.

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