Academic literature on the topic 'Silicon monomer'
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Journal articles on the topic "Silicon monomer"
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Chen, Lijun, Xin Zhang, Cuifeng Zhang, Zhongbin Bao, and Tingting Xu. "Synthesis and characterisation of fluorine-silicon acrylate latex emulsified by novel green surfactants." Pigment & Resin Technology 47, no. 3 (2018): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-03-2017-0025.
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Purpose Motivated by the globally increasing concern over environmental protection, the interest of a large part of the scientific community focuses on the development of green surfactants aiming to replace traditional toxic surfactants-based alternatives. The purpose of this paper is to prepare acrylate copolymer latex modified with fluorine and silicone monomer, which is emulsified with the green surfactants of sodium rosinate and alkyl polyglycoside (APG). Design/methodology/approach A series of acrylic copolymer latexes containing fluorine–silicon have been prepared by semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerisation of mixed monomers of methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), hexafluorobutylmethacrylate (HFMA) and vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and emulsified by green mixed surfactants of sodium rosinate and APG. Findings The optimum recipe of preparing the emulsion is as follows: the amount of emulsifiers is 6 per cent and the mass ratio of sodium rosinate to APG is 1:3. The amount of initiator is 0.4 per cent, and the amounts of the silicon monomer and fluorine monomer are 5 and 7 per cent, respectively. In comparison with the acrylate latex prepared without fluorine monomer and silicon monomer, the thermal stability and the water resistance of the film of the resultant latex clearly improved. Practical implications The acrylic copolymer latexes containing fluorine–silicon emulsified with green surfactants can be used in the coatings, adhesives, finishing agents and so on. Originality/value The acrylic copolymer latexes containing fluorine–silicon have been prepared by semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerisation. The green mixed surfactants of sodium rosinate and APG have been used as the emulsifiers to replace traditional toxic surfactants-based alternatives.
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Sinelnikov, Boris M., Vitaly A. Tarala, and Ivan S. Mitchenko. "Silicon Carbide Crystalline Films Synthesis out of Organosilicon Monomers Vapors in Reactor with Cold Walls." Materials Science Forum 615-617 (March 2009): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.173.
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The possibility of silicon carbide films production out of organosilicon chlorine-containing monomers is under analysis in this research. Silicon carbide films samples were produced by chemical deposition method out of gas phase in reactor with “cold walls”, in the conditions of low pressure. The influence of monomer type, substrate temperature on crystalline SiC films composition is also under consideration. The results of infrared spectroscopy, Raman scattering spectrometry and x-ray phase analysis are presented.
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Yang, Zhe, Huan Ye, Tao Qing Fu, and Chang Qing Fu. "Synthesis and Properties of Polyacrylate Hybrid Latexes Containing Fluorine and Silicon." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.92.
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In this paper, a series of fluoro-silicone -containing acrylate emulsion (FSiAE) have been prepared through pre-emulsified semi-continuous seed emulsion method with OP-10, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the emulsifier, ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator, methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA) as the main monomers, 2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (G02) and methacryloxy propyl trimethoxyl silane (KH-570) as the functional monomers, The effect of the content of fluoro-silicone -containing monomer on the properties of acrylate emulsion and their films, such as the contact angle, water absorption, viscosity and hardness was investigated. The results show that functional monomers had effectively copolymerized with acrylic monomers, and the introduction of fluoro-silicone into the polyacrylate emulsion system did make the viscosity of the emulsion increased, the water absorption and the surface energy of the film decreased.
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Gong, Yilu, Tantan Shao, Xiuming Wang, Xin Zhang, Zhijuan Sun, and Lijun Chen. "Preparation and characterisation of modified VAc-VeoVa10 latex." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 3 (2019): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-05-2018-0045.
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Purpose Fluorine and silicon materials have received the keen attention of many researchers because of their water repellency and low surface free energy. The purpose this study was to prepare vinyl acetate (VAc)-vinyl ester of neodecanoic acid (VeoVa 10) copolymer latex modified with fluorine and silicone monomer, which is emulsified with the novel surfactants of disodium laureth sulfosuccinate (MES) and octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-10). Design/methodology/approach A series of modified latices containing fluorine-silicon have been prepared by semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerisation of mixed monomers of VAc, VeoVa10, hexafluorobutylmethacrylate (HFMA) and vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and emulsified by novel surfactants of MES and OP-10. Findings The optimum conditions for preparing the modified latex is as follows: the amount of the surfactant was 4.0 Wt.% and the mass ratio of the anionic and nonionic surfactant was 3:1; the dosage of initiator was 0.4 Wt.% and the mass ratio of the main monomer was 3:1; and the amounts of VTES and HFMA were 2.0 and 6.0 Wt.%, respectively. In comparison with the conventional latex, the hydrophobicity of latex film was improved further. Originality/value The modified p (VAC-VeoVa) latex is prepared via semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerisation, which is emulsified with the novel mixed surfactants of MES and OP-10. There are two main innovations. One is that the novel p (VAC-VeoVa) latex containing fluorine-silicon is prepared successfully. The other is that the emulsifier is composed of the novel mixed surfactants of MES and OP-10.
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Pan, Hong, and Guo Zhong Li. "Study on a Brushing Hydrophobic Agent of Gypsum." Advanced Materials Research 549 (July 2012): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.549.246.
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A brushing hydrophobic agent of gypsum was prepared with organic silicon monomer (ASID), actyflon-G02, actyflon-G04 and (meth)acrylate monomer by solution polymerization method. The influence factors including the reaction temperature and the introducing model of monomers were investigated. Effect of the hydrophobic agent on water absorption of gypsum samples was also studied. The experimental results indicated that the early water resistance of gypsum samples with the agent was obviously improved. However the water absorption became large when gypsum samples were used for a long period of time, and it is applied to parts of the building that short-term subjected to moisture intrusion.
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Owińska, Maria, Paulina Matoga, Piotr Jeleń, Elżbieta Długoń, Bartosz Handke, and Wiktor Niemiec. "Macromonomers as a Novel Way to Investigate and Tailor Silicon-Oxycarbide-Based Materials Obtained from Polymeric Preceramic Precursors." Materials 14, no. 13 (2021): 3703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133703.
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It has been shown that bifunctional monomers (D units), which are used to increase the carbon content in silicon oxycarbide precursors, can form volatile oligomers, thus affecting the amount of carbon available during the transition into the final material in the annealing process. Additionally, an uneven distribution of carbon-rich mers may lead to the formation of a free-carbon phase, instead of the incorporation of carbon atoms into the silicon matrix. In this study, a novel two-step approach was utilized. Firstly, a macromonomer containing a number of structural units with precise structure was synthesized, which was later polycondensed into a ceramic precursor. Chlorodimethylsilane modified 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane was used as a silicon oxycarbide precursor monomer containing both T and D structural units (i.e., silicon atoms bonded to three and two oxygen atoms, respectively), with well-defined interconnections between structural units. Such a macromonomer prevents the formation of small siloxane rings, and has a very limited number of possible combinations of structural units neighboring each silicon atom. This, after investigation using IR, XRD, TG and elemental analysis, gave insight into the effect of “anchoring” silicon atoms bonded to two methyl groups, as well as the impact of their distribution in comparison to the materials obtained using simple monomers containing a single silicon atom (structural unit).
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Song, Jian Hua, and San Jun Fan. "Preparation and Analysis of Homo-Polymer and Copolymer from Tetra-Coordinate Silicate." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 752–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.752.
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Highly reactive penta-coordinate organic silicon was prepared by the reaction of silica with ethylene glycol and potassium hydroxide, which reacted with 4-vinylbenzyl chloride to synthesize a new 4-vinyl benzyl tetra-coordinate silicate (VBTCS), and the new monomer was homo-polymerized and copolymerized with styrene and methyl acrylate via free radical polymerization, respectively. Tetra-coordinate silicon monomer, homo-polymer, and copolymers were characterized by IR, EA, TG, DSC, GPC etc.
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WANG, Y., R. A. SHELDEN, and E. T. KANG. "NANOSCALE SINGLE POLYMER CHAINS ON A CHIP: POLY(GLYCIDYLMETHACRYLATE) GRAFTED ON SILICON (100) SURFACES." Surface Review and Letters 08, no. 05 (2001): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x0100135x.
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In previous studies reported in the literature it was shown that polymer chains could be sparsely grown on a mica surface and then imaged, after appropriate solvent treatment, as nanoscale "molecular droplets," each droplet consisting of a single polymer chain. With a view to eventual molecule-size devices on a chip, we wished to obtain such structures on silicon wafers. The method employed was UV-initiated graft polymerization. Previous studies had shown that silicon wafers that were plasma-treated and then exposed to air formed peroxide-like compounds on the surface. These could then be UV-irradiated in the presence of monomers to obtain surface-grafted polymer. It was expected that under sparse conditions of grafting, molecular droplets could be obtained in this way on silicon wafers. The monomer selected in the present work was glycidylmethacrylate (GMA), of special interest because poly(GMA) is a potential biomolecule surface linker. Single chain molecular droplets were indeed obtained when the polymerization time was sufficiently short, and an appropriate postpolymerization solvent treatment was used.
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Vellutini, Luc, Nicolas Errien, Gérard Froyer, et al. "Polymerization of Supramolecular Diacetylenic Monomer Embedded in Porous Silicon Matrix." Chemistry of Materials 19, no. 3 (2007): 497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm062029t.
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Chandrasekaran, A., Roberta O. Day, and Robert R. Holmes. "Silicon−Nitrogen Interaction in Cyclic Organooxysilanes. Dimer to Monomer Conversion1." Organometallics 17, no. 23 (1998): 5114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om9805279.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Silicon monomer"
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Poço, João Guilherme Rocha. "Estudo da síntese de dimetildiclorosilano a partir de cloreto de metila e silício." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-20072009-171422/.
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No presente trabalho foi realizado um estudo de alguns aspectos da reação de obtenção de dimetildiclorosilano a partir da reação entre silícios grau químico (SiGQ) ou de elevada pureza (99,999%) e cloreto de metila catalisada por cobre e promotores em reator de leito fluidizado. Foram estudados os efeitos da temperatura sobre o processo de ativação e sobre a reação com o fim de obter um valor aproximado da energia aparente de ativação para cada uma dessas etapas; o efeito do tamanho médio das partículas de silício e do catalisador sobre os parâmetros de desempenho da reação e o de contaminantes usuais do SiGQ, a saber Ca, Fe e Al, sobre silício de elevada pureza (99,999%). Uma discussão sobre o efeito de compensação característico da reação direta foi realizada sendo proposta uma explicação da origem desse efeito, que aparentemente se deve ao caracter anisotrópico da reação, e uma explicação complementar com relação ao papel dos promotores na reação. Os resultados mostraram que a energia aparente de ativação obtida por meio dos experimentos realizados neste estudo encontram-se em valores próximos ao normalmente encontrado na literatura. Aparentemente existe uma variação da seletividade com a variação do tamanho de partícula tanto do silício quanto do catalisador, que se deve ao grau de cobertura da superfície do silício pelo catalisador. Observou-se ainda que os parâmetros de desempenho se correlacionam melhor com a área geométrica do que com a área específica medida pelo método de adsorsão de N2 (BET). Os elementos Ca, Al e Fe, na forma que foram adicionados, mostraram algum efeito sobre os parâmetros de desempenho da reação, porém verificou-se que o efeito das impurezas é maior se estas estiverem presentes originalmente no silício.<br>Some important aspects of dimethyldichlorosilane direct synthesis from methyl chloride and both chemical grade silicon and high purity silicon (99.999%) catalyzed by copper and promoters in a fluidized bed reactor was studied. The effects of temperature on the activation process and on the reaction were studied to obtain an estimate of the apparent activation energy for each process step. The influence of average particle diameter of silicon and of catalyst and the effect of Ca, Al and Fe additions in the catalyst system were also evaluated. A discussion about the so-called isokinetic compensation behavior which is observed in the direct synthesis is presented. The proposed explanation about the origin of this phenomena is based on the anisotropic character of the reaction. A complementary explanation about the mechanism of promoters action was also proposed. The obtained values of apparent activation energies are within the range reported in the literature. Selectivity and activity showed some variation with both catalyst and silicon particle sizes. This behavior was explained in terms of silicon particle coverage by the catalyst system. The performance parameters show better correlation with the geometric area measured by laser diffraction than with the BET area obtained by N2 adsorption. The promoters Ca, Fe and Al have shown effect over the reaction, however these effects were more proeminent if they are originally present in silicon structure.
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Weißhuhn, J., T. Mark, M. Martin, P. Müller, A. Seifert, and S. Spange. "Ternary organic–inorganic nanostructured hybrid materials by simultaneous twin polymerization." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-220068.
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The acid and base catalyzed simultaneous twin polymerization (STP) of various 2,2′-disubstituted 4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline derivatives 2a–d with 2,2′-spirobi[4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasiline] (1) are presented in this paper. The products are nanostructured ternary organic–inorganic hybrid materials consisting of a cross-linked organic polymer, silica and a disubstituted polysiloxane. It can be demonstrated whether and in which extent the copolymerization of the two inorganic fragments of 1 and 2 takes place among the STP and how the molar ratio of the two components determines the structure formation of the resulting hybrid material. Steric and electronic effects of the substituents at the silicon center of 2 on the molecular structure formation and the morphology of the resulting hybrid material were investigated by means of solid state CP MAS 29Si and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). The mechanical properties (hardness and Young's modulus) of the hybrid materials were analyzed by means of nanoindentation measurements<br>Dieser Beitrag ist aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
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Shorrock, Jennifer Kate. "Cationic polymerisation of alicene monomers by silica-supported aluminium chloride." Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250624.
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Butcher, Matthew James. "Adsorption and manipulation of doped fullerenes on silicon surfaces." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325717.
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Pasquet, Cédric. "Disproportionation and ring-opening polymerization of silmethylene-siloxane derivatives." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0072.
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Les poly(silméthylènesiloxane)s, aussi dénommés silicones hybrides, sont constitués d’un squelette portant un groupement méthylène entre 2 unités SiOSi. La synthèse de ces polymères par polycondensation ne permet pas d’atteindre des masses molaires très élevées, contrairement aux produits issus de la polymérisation par ouverture de cycle. Ce manuscrit décrit la procédure choisie pour aboutir à une synthèse contrôlée de poly(silméthylènesiloxane)s, des précurseurs (monomères, amorceurs) aux polymères. Le monomère cyclique silméthylène a été préparé par cyclisation de le 1,3-dichlorotetraméthylsilméthylène. Ce dernier peut être généré par redistribution de sous-produits de l’industrie de type halogénures d’alkylsilanes. Deux voies de redistribution ont été étudiées, la méthylation par le méthyllithium, et la dismutation des chlorosilanes en présence d’AlCl3 et de tétraméthylsilane. Cette dernière méthode conduit à une nouvelle distribution de chlorosilanes et chlorosilméthylènes jamais obtenue auparavant. La polymérisation par ouverture de cycle en présence d’acide triflique du 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7-octamethyl-2,6-dioxa-1,3,5,7-tetrasilacyclooctane conduit à des poly(silméthylènesiloxane)s terminés silanol. Suivant la pureté du monomère, différentes masses molaires peuvent être atteintes. La température réactionnelle joue un rôle crucial afin d’éviter toute cyclisation des chaînes. Par comparaison avec des monomères organiques conventionnels (ether, oxiranes, etc...), le mécanisme de polymérisation implique deux espèces en équilibre, un ion silyl-oxonium et un ester silyl-triflate. Une augmentation de la température de réaction déplace cet équilibre vers les espèces ioniques, responsables des réactions de rétroscission. Ainsi la température optimale de réaction a été localisée à 25°C. La polymérisation par ouverture de cycle a été également testée en présence de catalyseur (acide triflique) et d’un amorceur (molécule portant une (des) fonction(s) silanol). Dans les conditions de température données, des polymères de masses molaires et de fonctionnalités contrôlées sont obtenus. Ces expériences ouvrent la porte à de nouvelles voies de polymérisation des cyclosiloxanes, mettant en lumière la compétition entre deux mécanismes de polymérisation, la propagation par bouts de chaînes activés (ACE) et par monomères activés (AM)<br>Polysilmethylenesiloxanes are belonging to the “hybrid” silicone family. The presence of a methylene group into the polymer backbone enhances their thermal stability, which is particularly interesting in high-tech applications. The synthesis of such polymers by polycondensation did not so far lead to high molar mass polymers, contrary to those prepared by ring-opening polymerization. The synthesis of such polymers is described in this manuscript, from the monomer to the macromolecule. The silmethylene cyclic dimer, the monomer of interest, is synthesized by cyclization of 1,3-dichlorotetramethylsilmethylene. This latter can be generated from the disproportionation of the direct process residue, a by-product of the silicone industry. The disproportionation proceeds either by methylation with methyl lithium, or by Me/Cl interchange reaction catalyzed by AlCl3 in presence of tetramethylsilane. This latter led to a selective dechlorination of chlorosilanes and chlorosilmethylenes in mild conditions, which has not been yet observed with the DPR. Cationic ring-opening polymerization in presence of triflic acid of such silmethylene cyclic dimer led to bis-silanol polysilmethylenesiloxanes. Depending on the purity of monomer, high molar masses can be targeted. The reaction temperature also plays a critical role in order to avoid any cyclization of the growing chains. While triflic acid plays a role of catalyst, it does not allow controlling molar masses. Comparisons with conventional organic monomers were made to identify the polymerization mechanism which involves two propagating species in equilibrium, a silyl-oxonium ion and a silyltriflate ester. An increase of the reaction temperature shifts this equilibrium towards ionic species, responsible of back- and end-biting reactions. Thus the optimal reaction temperature of ROP of the silmethylene cyclic dimer has been set at 25°C previously and confirmed here. The ROP reaction of the silmethylene cyclic dimer in presence of triflic acid and silanol molecule allows designing the obtained molar masses, while keeping a certain control of end-groups. Variations of molar masses with the silanol content speaks for a polymerization occurring through an activated monomer mechanism. Experiments done to confirm this mechanism open routes to the polymerization of other cyclosiloxanes where the competition between the activated chain end (ACE) and the activated monomer (AM) mechanisms could be controlled
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Kaßner, Lysann. "Stickstoffhaltige Monomere zur Herstellung von Hybridmaterialien." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-171321.
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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden stickstoffhaltige Monomere ausgehend von aromatischen Aminen oder Lactamen durch Umsetzung mit Chlorsilanen synthetisiert. Die so erhaltenen Derivate wurden mit Hilfe spektroskopischer und thermischer Analysenmethoden umfassend charakterisiert. Auf Basis der stickstoffhaltigen Monomere wurden über unterschiedliche Synthesestrategien organisch-anorganische, nanostrukturierte Hybridmaterialien hergestellt. Durch die thermisch induzierte Zwillingspolymerisation der Monomere 2,2‘-Spirobi[3,4-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-benzodiazasilin] und 1,1’,4,4‘-Tetrahydro-2,2‘-spirobi[benzo[d][1,3,2]-oxazasilin] gelang es, Hybridmaterialien bestehend aus Polyanilin-Formaldehyd-Harzen und Polysilazanen bzw. Siliciumdioxid unter Variation der Reaktionstemperatur herzustellen. Die Untersuchung der entstandenen Materialien erfolgte mittels spektroskopischer Methoden. Die Lactam-Monomere wurden durch die Zugabe von Aminocarbonsäuren zu Polyamid 6/SiO2- bzw. Polysiloxan-Kompositen umgesetzt. Hier stand die Ermittlung der molekularen Struktur, wie auch die Bestimmung des thermischen Verhaltens und der Homogenität der Materialien im Vordergrund. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Synthese der thermoplastischen Kompositmaterialien auch in vergrößertem Maßstab reproduzierbar ist und die Produkte zudem zu Folien extrudierbar sind<br>In the present work nitrogen-containing monomers have been synthesized by reactions of silicon tetrachloride with amines or lactames and were characterized by different spectroscopic and thermal analysis methods. The twin monomers 2,2‘-spirobi[3,4-dihydro-1H-1,3,2-benzodiazasiline] and 1,1’,4,4‘-tetrahydro-2,2‘-spirobi[benzo[d][1,3,2]¬oxazasiline] can be converted to hybrid materials containing polyaniline-formaldehyde resins and polysilazane or SiO2 by thermal induced twin polymerization under variation of the reaction temperature. The obtained nano composites were investigated by spectroscopic methods and electron microscopy. The lactam containing monomers were polymerized to polyamide 6/SiO2-composites by addition of aminocarbonic acids and -caprolactam. The analysis of the molecular structure as well as the investigation of the thermal behavior and the homogeneity of materials was emphasized. It could be shown, that the synthesis can be performed reproducible. Furthermore, it is possible to extrude the thermoplastic composite materials to films
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Löschner, Tina. "Synthese nanostrukturierter, organisch-anorganischer Hybridmaterialien über Zwillingspolymerisation." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-119796.
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Im Fokus dieser Arbeit stand die Methode Zwillingspolymerisation zur Synthese organisch-anorganischer Hybridmaterialien. Die simultane Zwillingspolymerisation wird als neues Konzept zur gezielten Herstellung homogener, nanostrukturierter Hybridmaterialien unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzung vorgestellt. Hierfür wurden die Zwillingsmonomere 2,2’-Spirobi[4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasilin] und 2,2 Dimethyl-4H-1,3,2-benzodioxasilin in einem Arbeitsschritt gemeinsam polymerisiert.
Die erhaltenen Phenolharz-Siliciumdioxid/Dimethylsiloxan-Hybridmaterialien weisen aufgrund einstellbarer Syntheseparameter unterschiedliche Eigenschaftsprofile auf, die systematisch analysiert wurden. Die Charakterisierung der Produkte erfolgte mit Hilfe der Festkörper-NMR-Spektroskopie, Elektronenmikroskopie, DSC, TGA-MS, sowie durch Extraktionsversuche und die Erzeugung und Analyse poröser Materialien.
Neben der simultanen Zwillingspolymerisation wird die Synthese, Charakterisierung und thermisch induzierte Polymerisation literaturunbekannter Silicium-Spiroverbindungen mit einfach- oder zweifach substituierter Salicylalkohol-Einheit beschrieben. Hierbei wurden nanostrukturierte Hybridmaterialien mit teils hohem löslichen Anteil erhalten. Die Produktbildung wird in Abhängigkeit von der Entstehung und Weiterreaktion gefundener Chinonmethid-Strukturen diskutiert.
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SPERRY, PASCAL. "Synthese et etude de nouveaux reseaux a forte densite de reticulation permeables a l'oxygene : application aux lentilles de contact." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13100.
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Preparation de reseaux statistiques chioniques par hydrosilylation des doubles liaisons carbone-carbone par des hydrosilanes ou hydrosiloxanes. Analyse des proprietes physiques en relation avec la structure et les teneurs respectives de monomeres (definis en silanes) et des polymeres dans les reseaux. Mesure des coefficients de permeabilite a l'oxygene en milieux aqueux par polarographie
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Simson, Stefanie [Verfasser], Johannes A. [Akademischer Betreuer] Lercher, Moniek [Akademischer Betreuer] Tromp, and Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Klein. "Stability of silica supported Pd/Au catalysts in gas phase vinyl acetate monomer synthesis / Stefanie Simson. Gutachter: Moniek Tromp ; Johannes A. Lercher ; Harald Klein. Betreuer: Johannes A. Lercher." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1059477165/34.
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El, Fouhaili Bandar. "Development of hydrophobic/superhydrophobic anti-fouling photopolymer coatings for PVC reactor." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MULH6191.
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Lors de la polymérisation en suspension du chlorure de vinyle, il se forme sur les parois un dépôt de polychlorure de vinyle (PVC). Ce phénomène, nommé encroûtement, génère des problèmes car il limite la production de PVC et affecte la qualité du produit final. Dans ce contexte, un projet FUI (Fond Unique Interministériel) intitulé «Ecoating», a été financé dans le cadre d’une collaboration entre plusieurs partenaires industriels et universitaires (INEOS ChlorVinyls, Mäder Research, Avenir Group, LPIM, ESPCI-ParisTech). Deux thèses ont vu le jour au LPIM, avec pour but de développer un revêtement (photo)polymère aux propriétés anti-encroûtement durables qui permettrait d’améliorer la qualité du PVC produit, d’augmenter les quantités produites et ainsi d’améliorer la compétitivité des usines de PVC. Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le développement d’un vernis photopolymère répondant au cahier des charges. Pour éviter l’encroûtement des réacteurs, il est nécessaire de stopper une étape du mécanisme d’encroûtement comme l'adsorption sur les parois du réacteur d’un copolymère nommé Acvagen Graft Copolymer (AGC). Ce copolymère est très actif dans le phénomène d’encroûtement (site de nucléation) et se trouve principalement dans la phase aqueuse du milieu réactionnel. La stratégie de recherche élaborée dans ce projet a été basée sur le développement d'un revêtement photopolymère présentant une faible affinité pour l'eau et devant adhérer à la surface des réacteurs pour éviter la formation de croûte. Les polymères à base de fluoroacrylates ont été les premiers candidats choisis dans cette étude du fait que leurs propriétés exceptionnelles (faible énergie de surface, stabilité chimique et haute hydrophobicité...) pouvaient éviter l'adsorption de l'AGC sur les parois du réacteur, et par conséquent le développement de la croûte. Une recherche bibliographique a été réalisée pour comprendre le comportement particulier de ces molécules qui migrent vers la surface du film et s’organisent en surface pour donner des surfaces hydrophobes. Des mélanges de résines fluoroacryliques modèles ont été testés pour évaluer le caractère hydrophobe du revêtement, comprendre la migration des molécules de fluor vers l’interface en fonction de la nature de substrat et aussi déterminer l’influence de l’ajout d’additifs fluorés au mélange sur les propriétés globales du film. Cette étude nous a permis de comprendre l’influence de l’additif fluoré sur les propriétés chimiques et physiques du film. À l’échelle du laboratoire des tests d’immersion de ces revêtements déposés sur l’acier inoxydable ont étés réalisés dans l’eau chaude (80°C) afin de caractériser leur caractère hydrophobe en fonction du vieillissement dans l’eau chaude ainsi que l’adhésion du film au substrat. Nous avons observé une diminution de l'hydrophobicité de la surface du film au cours du temps lors d’une immersion. [...]<br>Our scientific approach has explored different strategies to develop a durable UV-cured coating with antifouling properties to prevent the crust formation. Firstly, the potential of fluoroacrylate photocurable coatings was exhaustively investigated. Indeed, their outstanding properties (low surface energy, chemical stability and high hydrophobicity...) could limit the adsorption of the AGC on the reactor walls and further encrusting. A bibliographic research highlighted the behavior of fluorinated monomers on film surface and the parameters affecting the hydrophobic properties. Different fluorinated monomers were selected. At low concentration, they provide hydrophobic surfaces on 316L stainless steel, the reference substrate. However, a decrease of the films surface hydrophobicity in hot water was observed with time, and was attributed to a disorganization of the fluorinated chains on the coating surface. An optimization of the amount of fluoroacrylate monomer was performed by confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) to promote the fluorinated chains stability on the surface before and after immersion in hot water at 80°C. The beneficial effect was found maximal at a concentration ranging from 1 to 1.8 wt%. However, even after this optimization, a decrease of the film surface hydrophobicity was observed for increased immersion time in hot water. Therefore, optimized fluoroacrylate monomer concentration was combined with alternated thermal/immersion post-treatment and has conducted to more stable photocured films. This result was attributed to a rigidification of the fluorinated chains on the film surface limiting thus, the extent of their disorganization. After this study realized at a laboratory scale, we tested the photocured coating in the VCM pilot reactor. A surface cleaning, an increase of the stainless steel roughness by shot blasting and the use of alkoxysilanes as coupling agents were implemented in order to enhance the adhesion properties of the photopolymer film on stainless steel. In addition, the use of a fluorinated monomer containing a heteroatom improved the rigidification when associated with the alternated thermal/immersion post-treatment. The crust formation was limited during four successive polymerizations in the VCM pilot reactor. A durable anti-fouling UV-coating could be not obtained due to some swelling phenomena resulting from the lack of coating adhesion or some abrasion occurring from small PVC pellets during the PVC polymerization.A second part of this project was dedicated to superhydrophobic coatings. Indeed, reducing interaction with water should lead to a better protection of the substrate. A literature review on the superhydrophobic surfaces has shown that the contact with hot water generally strongly affects their antiwetting properties and induces a large contact angle decrease. [...]
Book chapters on the topic "Silicon monomer"
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Kricheldorf, H. R. "Polycondensation of Silylated Monomers." In Silicon in Polymer Synthesis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79175-8_5.
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Finkelshtein, E. Sh, N. V. Ushakov, and M. L. Gringolts. "Polycarbosilanes Based on Silicon-Carbon Cyclic Monomers." In Silicon Polymers. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2009_39.
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Nagasaki, Yukio. "Silicon-Containing Vinyl Monomers and Polymers." In Silicon-Containing Polymers. Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3939-7_21.
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Schue, François, and André Mas. "Plasma Processing of Silicon-Containing Monomers." In Silicon-Containing Polymers. Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3939-7_27.
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Kricheldorf, H. R. "Polymerization of Si-Containing Vinyl Monomers and Acetylenes." In Silicon in Polymer Synthesis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79175-8_1.
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Crivello, J. V., and J. L. Lee. "UV Cure of Epoxy-Silicone Monomers." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1990-0417.ch028.
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Jacobine, Anthony F., and Steven T. Nakos. "Photopolymerizable Silicone Monomers, Oligomers, and Resins." In Radiation Curing. Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0712-7_5.
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Carlotti, Stéphane, and Frédéric Peruch. "Cyclic Monomers: Epoxides, Lactide, Lactones, Lactams, Cyclic Silicon-Containing Monomers, Cyclic Carbonates, and Others." In Anionic Polymerization. Springer Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54186-8_5.
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Voronkov, V. V. "Hydrogen in Silicon: Evidence of Independent Monomeric States." In Theory and Simulation in Physics for Materials Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37790-8_12.
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Crivello, James V., and Myoungsouk Jang. "Synthesis of Novel Silicon-Containing Monomers for Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2007-0964.ch003.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Silicon monomer"
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Kudtarkar, Kaushik A., Thomas W. Smith, Patricia Iglesias, and Michael J. Schertzer. "Microfluidic Synthesis of Polymer Ionic Liquid Gel Beads for Energy Harvesting Applications." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67018.
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In the operation of many common devices and processes, more than 60% of consumed energy is wasted in many common processes. These loses come in many forms including heat, friction, and vibration. Energy harvesters are devices that can recapture some of this waste energy and convert it into electrical energy. This work will focus on electrostatic energy harvesting devices that recapture vibrational energy. Electrostatic energy harvesters recapture mechanical energy when a conductive mass translates or deforms in an electric field. Polymer ionic liquid gel beads may serve as a useful replacement for fluid droplets in electrostatic energy harvesters. This work uses a recently developed method for reliable synthesis of polymer gel beads. These beads are synthesized using a micro-reactor, which generates monomeric droplets in a silicon oil carrier fluid. The monomer solution also contains a photoinitiator and cross linker, which enables the monomer to polymerize when exposed to UV light. The present work demonstrates a method to rapidly synthesize uniform beads with a variety of chemical compositions. These chemical compositions can be used to tune the electromechanical properties of the beads to improve performance in applications such as energy harvesting devices.
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Khandaker, Morshed, Yanling Li, Ping Liu, and Melville B. Vaughan. "Bioactive Additives and Functional Monomers Affect on PMMA Bone Cement: Mechanical and Biocompatibility Properties." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64369.
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The most common bone cement material used clinically today for orthopedic surgeries is poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA). In general, poly Methyl MethAcrylate (PMMA) beads are added to MMA monomer with bead and monomer ratio of 2:1 to prepare the PMMA bone cement. Conventional PMMA bone cement has several mechanical and biological disadvantages. To overcome these disadvantages, researchers investigated several bioactive additives to PMMA bone cement, such as MgO, hydroxyapatite (HAp), chitosan (CS). Additionally, functional monomer, such as glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was used in addition or substitution to MMA to enhance the properties of PMMA bone cement. A comparative study is required to evaluate the effect that different bioadditives and monomers have on the mechanical and biological performances on PMMA bone cement. The goal of this study is to determine the most suitable additives and alternative monomer for PMMA bone cement that can enhance the mechanical and biological performances of PMMA bone cement. Cobalt™ HV bone cement (referred as CBC), a commercial orthopedic bone cement, was used in this study as PMMA bone cement. MgO, hydroxyapatite (HAp), chitin (CT), chitosan (CS), Barium sulfate (BaSO4) and Silica (SiO2) were mixed with PMMA beads to prepare CBC-MgO, CBC-HAp, CBC-CT, CBC-CS, CBC-BaSO4 and CBC-SiO2 specimens. Additives included CBC were referred as composite specimen. CBC and composite specimens were further grouped according to the application of GMA as replacement of MMA monomer. Two groups of CBC and composite specimen were prepared. In the first group, CBC and composite specimens were prepared using MMA monomer only, referred as without GMA specimen. In the second group, CBC and composite specimens were prepared using GMA and MMA monomers, referred as with GMA specimen. There are three general research questions: (1) Is there a significant difference in the mechanical and biological performances between CBC (control) and different composite specimens that contain GMA? (2) Is there a significant difference in the in the mechanical and biological performances between CBC (control) and different composite specimens that do not contain GMA? and (3) Is there a significant difference in the mechanical and biological performances between specimens mixed with and without GMA? Elastic and fracture properties of different CBC and composite cements were calculated from three point bend experiments. Osteoblast cell adhesion experiments were performed on different CBC and composite cement on a custom made well plate. This study found that flexural strength and fracture toughness of the CBC specimens that contain GMA is significantly greater than the flexural strengths of all other specimens that contain GMA. In contrast, flexural strength and fracture toughness of the CBC-SiO2 specimens that do not contain GMA is significantly greater than the flexural strengths of all other specimens that contain GMA. This study also found that cell adhesion on the MgO impregnated CBC specimens is significantly greater than the cell adhesion of all other specimens for samples that contain GMA or do not contain GMA.
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Fang, Yuan, and Yingquan Zou. "Synthesis and photo-initiated polymerization of silicon-containing hybrid monomers." In SPIE Advanced Lithography, edited by Robert D. Allen and Mark H. Somervell. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.879295.
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Sahu, Raj Kumar, Shalabh Yadu, Vaibhav Singh, Sagar Raja, and Karali Patra. "The Effect of Micro Molecular Parameters on the Actuation Performance of Electro Active Polymers." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71272.
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This paper presents the results of theoretical study designed to measure the suitability of a dielectric elastomer as an actuator, from a group of acrylic and silicone elastomers. The micro molecular parameters of elastomers such as monomer type, monomer chain length and density were taken into consideration for analysis of actuation properties. Identification of monomer type of selected elastomers was done by using modified dielectric equations of polarization and stress induced due to applied electric field. The effect and the importance of electric field on the selected elastomers were also considered. To further understand the actuation potential of polymers, a comparison was done on the basis of their stress-electric field analysis. A conclusion was drawn on the basis of these comparisons and recommendations are given for an effective selection of polymers for use in actuator applications.
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Kosnik, Sabrina, and Davide Piovesan. "Polymeric Reaction Molding of Biocompatible Materials: Lessons Learned." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8465.
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Abstract Polymeric materials are often used as structural binders for biomedical applications. The mechanical properties of the material strongly depend on the fabrication process. To this end, we illustrate a set of casting methods for the production of samples to be tested via destructive methods. The curing process of the artifact was controlled during fabrication, and the molds were also made of polymeric materials. The fabrication of molds is illustrated where particular emphasis is posed on the manufacturing and testing of silicone molds using off-the-shelf material. Cyanoacrylate (CA), Epoxy resin (EP) and Methacrylate ester monomers (MEMs) artifacts have been fabricated using said molds. Of the aforementioned resins, MEMs are a class of thermosetting biocompatible polymers in which fabrication is especially problematic because of the very narrow temperature window at which the monomers polymerize. This research analyzes the casting process of curable materials highlighting the setbacks of using plastic-based molds. Among the cast based manufacturing techniques, specific focus was given to the case where MEMs is made to polymerize in a silicone mold controlling the temperature of the environment. The thermal properties that the silicone-based molds require for the appropriate curing of the polymer are analyzed. It was found that due to the very high heat capacity of silicone, the regulation of the temperature within the mold is difficult often exciding the boiling point of the casted resin.
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Bhattacharyya, Arpita, and Catherine Klapperich. "Fabrication of Polymeric Microfluidic Device for On-Chip Isolation of Nucleic Acids." In ASME 3rd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2005-75200.
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A microfluidic chip-based solid phase extraction method for isolation of nucleic acids is demonstrated. The chip was fabricated in a cyclic polyolefin by hot embossing with a master. The solid phase was made by in-situ UV polymerization of a monolithic column impregnated with silica particles, and separation was achieved due to irreversible binding of the nucleic acids to the silica particles in the monolith. The porous monolithic column was formed within the channels of the device by photoinitiated polymerization of a mixture of methacrylate and dimethacrylate monomers, UV sensitive free radical initiator and porogenic solvent. The channel surface was photografted with a thin interlayer polymer prior to preparation of the monolith in the channel. The grafted layer covalently attached the monolith and prevented the formation of voids between the monolith and the channel surface. The solid-phase prepared by this method allowed for successful extraction and elution of nucleic acids.
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Nakano, Mitsuyuki, Haruko Sasaki, and Harumi Ono. "Radiation Resistance of Rubber Compound for Gasket." In ASME 2011 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2011-6567.
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Seals of small and medium modular reactors are considered as not important components compared with seals for the large modular reactors which are current-generation plants. Leakage of seals has been a safety concern, however seal maintenance and replacement are costly and time consuming for the current-generation plants. Therefore, integral designs of small and medium modular reactors eliminate the need for seals. However it is impossible to eliminate seals completely from the detail design and equipments. Seals consisting of organic materials are estimated as serious damaged components at design basis accident (DBA). Especially it is no exaggeration to say that rubber gaskets are weakest gasket at DBA. In the point of view we must know about behavior of rubber deterioration under condition at DBA. It is very important to select rubber compound from a viewpoint of not only adequate rubber that has characteristic required for each specification but also consideration about rubber deterioration under condition at normal plant operation and DBA. However rubber for gasket has not been selected based on precise studies with enough data concerned about the rubber deterioration because there have been less studies in the world. From compression set test, swelling test, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, it has been indicated that chemical structure of both Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) and Silicone rubber might be broken by radiation, and crosslinking of elastomer by radiation might progress at the same time. In fact, EPDM compounds have good results of compression set after radiation exposure and Silicone rubber does not have good results. It had been predicted that breakage and crosslinking of elastomer chemical structure caused by radiation would have been more serious on Silicone rubber. On the other hand, it has been estimated that breakage of chemical structure of Fluoro-rubber is more influenced by crosslinking of elastomer by radiation, than influence by low molecular elastomer caused by deterioration have been generated. From these results it is considered that Fluoro-rubber is weak against radiation compared to another elastomer. If Fluoro-rubber must be chosen because of its high thermal resistance for example, a radiation condition of environment should be considered seriously. Unfortunately we could not find significant correlation between compression set and general properties. However results of elongation at breakage indicates possibility of relationship to compression set.
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Kagerer, Markus, Kenji L. Eiler, Franz Irlinger, and Tim C. Lueth. "Intelligent Combination of Batch Fabrication With Rapid Prototyping Techniques for a Drop-on-Demand Microdrop Generator." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85854.
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A fluidic experimentation platform, consisting of a piezoelectrically driven microdrop generator which is mounted on a quick-action clamping device, is introduced. Microdrop generators are playing an increasingly important role in many industries. Even though their beginnings were in the printing and coating sector, their strengths are more and more used in other sectors. The wide variety of properties of the fluids like molten polymers, dispersions, or monomers usually require a redesign of the microdrop generator for each application to achieve drops of the size, with the speed, and uniformity that are needed. Therefore, the use of rapid prototyping (RP) techniques for the adaption of microdrop generators to new boundary conditions is indispensable. The presented microdrop generator is based on the diaphragm design. A silicon base plate includes the fluidic components. The number of nozzles is three. Even if one nozzle is clogged two other nozzles are working. The diaphragm is made of borosilicate glass. On top of the diaphragm a piezoelectric transducer is glued. The piezoelectric transducer and the diaphragm form a bimorph actuator. Since only the borosilicate glass and the silicon are in contact with the fluid the assembly is highly chemical resistant to aggressive media. Thus, a very broad range of fluids is ejectable. Besides the laser as main tool a dicing saw is involved in the process flow. Investigations for the optimum machining parameters are presented. In this project four equal microdrop generators respectively 12 nozzles and one further silicon base plate for further quality inspection of the whole batch are manufactured simultaneously. They serve as a good basis for fluidic experiments. Only six process steps are necessary to fabricate one microdrop generator within 25 min. Up to 16 microdrop generators can be batch fabricated in a 4″ process chain with rapid prototyping techniques. The realized quick-action clamping device supports a rapid exchange of the microdrop generators and enables future technologies. Here, the electrical and the fluidic connection of the microdrop generator are realized. The microdrop generator is inserted into a groove and is at the same time fluidically and electrically connected via four spring contacts. Special feature is that no gluing or soldering processes are necessary. The device is constructed in a modular way to add further components like a heating cartridge or a fluid reservoir. Overall, the exchange of one microdrop generator can be realized within one minute. The use of the batch fabricated microdrop generator in combination with the presented quick-action clamping device guarantees an efficient execution of fluidic experiments.
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Li-Hung Liu and Pen-Cheng Wang. "Transparent large-area conductive polypyrrole thin films with robust interfacial adhesion on silica substrates fabricated via oxidative chemical polymerization initiated by surface-silanized pyrrole monomers." In 2012 7th International Microsystems, Packaging, Assembly and Circuits Technology Conference (IMPACT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/impact.2012.6420292.
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Holzworth, Kristin, Gregory Williams, Bedri Arman, Zhibin Guan, Gaurav Arya, and Sia Nemat-Nasser. "Polyurea With Hybrid Polymer Grafted Nanoparticles: A Parametric Study." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88395.
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The basis of this research is to mitigate shock through material design. In this work, we seek to develop an understanding of parametric variations in polyurea-based nano-composite materials through experimental characterization and computational modeling. Blast-mitigating applications often utilize polyurea due to its excellent thermo-mechanical properties. Polyurea is a microphase-separated segmented block copolymer formed by the rapid reaction of an isocyanate component and an amine component. Block copolymers exhibit unique properties as a result of their phase-separated morphology, which restricts dissimilar block components to microscopic length scales. The soft segments form a continuous matrix reinforced by the hard segments that are randomly dispersed as microdomains. The physical properties of the separate phases influence the overall properties of the polyurea. While polyurea offers a useful starting point, control over crystallite size and morphology is limited. For compositing, the blending approach allows superb control of particle size, shape, and density; however, the hard/soft interface is typically weak for simple blends. Here, we overcome this issue by developing hybrid polymer grafted nanoparticles, which have adjustable exposed functionality to control both their spatial distribution and interface. These nano-particles have tethered polymer chains that can interact with their surrounding environment and provide a method to control well defined and enhanced nano-composites. This approach allows us to adjust a number of variables related to the hybrid polymer grafted nanoparticles including: core size and shape, core material, polymer chain length, polymer chain density, and monomer type. In this work, we embark on a parametric study focusing on the effect of silica nanoparticle size, polymer chain length, and polymer chain density. Preliminary results from experimental characterization and computational modeling indicate that the dynamic mechanical properties of the material can be significantly altered through such parametric modifications. These efforts are part of an ongoing initiative to develop elastomeric composites with optimally designed compositions and characteristics to manage blast-induced stress-wave energy.
Reports on the topic "Silicon monomer"
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Schwab, Joseph J., Joseph D. Lichtenhan, Kevin P. Chaffee, Patrick T. Mather, and Angel Romo-Uribe. Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (POSS): Silicon Based Monomers and Their Use in the Preparation of Hybrid Polyurethanes. Defense Technical Information Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408813.
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