Journal articles: 'Silicone compounds'

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Taptim, Kulnida, and Narongrit Sombatsompop. "UV Weathering Effect on Antibacterial Performance in Silicone Rubber Compounds." Advanced Materials Research 410 (November 2011): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.410.325.

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Silicone rubber compounded with three different types of antibacterial agents: namely; nanoAg colloids, Silver substituted Zeolite compound (SSZ) and 2-Hydroxypropyl-3-Piperazinyl-Quinoline Carboxylic Acid Methacrylate (HPQM) were prepared and changes in antibacterial performance were assessed before and after exposure to UV light at different aging times. Drop plate and halo tests were performed to study the antibacterial performance of silicone rubber compounds. The results indicated that antibacterial activity of silicone compound changed when the UV aging time was increased. The antibacterial activity of the rubber added with HPQM extremely decreased considered by the inhibition zone and %reductions of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria for any given contact times. On the other hand, the UV light did not affect the antibacterial activity of silicone rubber compounds added with nanoAg colloids and SSZ agents.

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Smith, Tony. "Silicone paints and compounds." Pigment & Resin Technology 14, no. 4 (April 1985): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb042123.

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Kopylov, V. M., A. V. Tsareva, A. Yu Fedorov, and E. I. Kostyleva. "Ceramic-Forming Silicone Compounds." International Polymer Science and Technology 41, no. 10 (October 2014): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1404101003.

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Speck-Hernandez, Cesar A., and Gladis Montoya-Ortiz. "Silicon, a Possible Link between Environmental Exposure and Autoimmune Diseases: The Case of Rheumatoid Arthritis." Arthritis 2012 (October 18, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/604187.

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Silicon is one of the most common chemicals on earth. Several compounds such as silica, asbestos, silicone or, nanoparticles are built from tetrahedral units with silicon as the central atom. Despite these, structural similarities, they have rarely been analyzed as a group. These compounds generate significant biological alterations that include immune hyperactivation, production of the reactive species of oxygen and tissue injury. These pathological processes may trigger autoimmune responses and lead to the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Populations at risk include those that constantly work in industrial process, mining, and agriculture as well as those that undergo silicone implants. Herein a review on the main features of these compounds and how they may induce autoimmune responses is presented.

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Kafi, Mohammad, Jafar Nabati, Bijan Saadatian, Armin Oskoueian, and Javad Shabahang. "Potato response to silicone compounds (micro and nanoparticles) and potassium as affected by salinity stress." Italian Journal of Agronomy 14, no. 3 (August 5, 2019): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ija.2019.1182.

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Salinity of irrigation water is an important limitation factor in crop production such as potato worldwide. Foliar application of anti-stress compounds containing mineral nutrients is one of the possible solutions for salinity mitigation. In this field experiment the effects of silicone compounds on potato (cv. Agria) performance was studied as a split plot based on randomised complete block design with three replications at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, during 2016 cropping season. Treatments included irrigation salinity [0.3 (non-stress), 5, 8 and 12 dS.m–1] and foliar application of potassium sulphate (1000 ppm), sodium silicate nanoparticles (400 ppm) and silica (1000 ppm). Results indicated that salinity decreased transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, quantum yield of PSΙΙ, membrane stability index, carotenoids, tuber number per plant and tuber yield while it improved water use efficiency and tuber dry matter percentage. Foliar application of anti-stress compounds positively affected quantum yield of PSΙΙ, carotenoids content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, tuber number per plant, tuber yield and tuber dry matter percentage. Although, application of all compounds improved most biochemical and photosynthetic traits, but ameliorative effect of the two silicon compounds, especially sodium silicate nanoparticles was more evident. It seems that silicon application could be an effective strategy in reducing salinity effects and its efficiency will be increased when is used as nanoparticles.

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Zielecka, Maria, Anna Rabajczyk, Łukasz Pastuszka, and Leszek Jurecki. "Flame Resistant Silicone-Containing Coating Materials." Coatings 10, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050479.

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The flame resistance of applied coating materials affects the safety of innovative technological solutions. Silicone-containing polymeric materials are one of the most economical solutions in the field of coatings due to the effect of the unique combination of very good thermal, resistance, and surface properties. The rich chemistry of silicon compounds, which results in their very good thermal stability, allows their use as flame-resistant coating materials or as flame retardants in polymer composites. In this review, the flame resistance of PDMS systems based on their thermal degradation data, as well as possible paths of thermal degradation depending on external conditions including the effect of additives, flame resistance of hybrid silicone-containing coating materials and most important innovative applications of these materials, are reviewed. Very good results from the use of organic silicon compounds as fire retardants in polymers obtained by many research teams are one of the promising ways of overcoming the health, safety, and availability concerns of traditional halogenated fire retardants.

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Princy, K. G., Rani Joseph, and C. Sudha Kartha. "Studies on conductive silicone rubber compounds." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 69, no. 5 (August 1, 1998): 1043–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19980801)69:5<1043::aid-app24>3.0.co;2-0.

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Lambrecht, Jens, and Markus Winterer. "New Silicone-Resin-Compounds for Casting and Molding Applications." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.15.

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Silicone resins are manufactured and supply in various delivery forms since decades. The impregnation of large electrical machines demonstrates a main application in the field of electrical insulation technology at the moment. Silicone resins are characterized by outstanding resistance to heat stress at high temperatures in general. Experience has shown that they are also very stable against exposure to UV radiation. Based on the expected very good property profile, Wacker Chemie AG developed a solvent-free, low-viscosity silicone resin for use as a binder for castable and moldable products. The article presents the chemical composition of silicone resins, the resulting properties of the resin and selected results of the extensive work for the evaluation of possible fillers and filler mixtures as well as first experience with the processing.

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Chiu, Hsien-Tang, Yung-Lung Liu, Chih-Wei Lin, Zhi-Jian Shong, and Peir-An Tsai. "Thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of silicone rubber filled with aluminum nitride and aluminum powder." Journal of Polymer Engineering 33, no. 6 (September 1, 2013): 545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2013-0025.

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Abstract The effects of aluminum nitride (AlN) and aluminum powder (Al) on thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of silicone rubber compounds were investigated and it was found that the thermal conductivity increased with increased fillers content. Silicone rubber filled with Al powder of 45 μm over 50 phr, exhibits higher thermal conductivity as compared to that filled with AlN powder of 4 μm at the same filler content. The results indicate that the particle size effect played a significant role on thermal conductivity. In addition, it was found that electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity increased proportionally when the Al powder content increased. In contrast, only the thermal conductivity kept increasing proportionally, but the electrical conductivity almost remained unchanged for the rubber with AlN. Furthermore, a new type of silicone rubber compound with a combination of the two fillers, comprising 100 phr of AlN powder and 50 phr of Al powder, was developed, which lead to synergistic enhancement of the thermal conductivity. The improvement in thermal stability of the new type of silicone rubber compounds enables use in high temperature environments.

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Wels, Sebastian, Johann Bauer, Jens Lambrecht, and Albert Claudi. "Silicone Gel Compounds for Non-Linear Stress Grading Applications." Proceedings of the Nordic Insulation Symposium, no. 26 (August 8, 2019): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/nordis.v0i26.3289.

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The paper deals with a field-grading insulation usingsilicone gel as main material/binder. Additives, which providethe nonlinearity of the compounds, consist of a support materialwith metal oxide coating. The nonlinear electrical propertieswere adjusted by the addition of different dopants. In thisinvestigation the fundamental properties of new non-linearconductivematerials (NLCM) were examined. One aim of theinvestigation is to attribute the macroscopic electrical behaviorto the respective doping. For a typical compound, fieldcalculations for a cable joint model are presented and comparedto a conventional design without NLCM.

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Ou, Hui Bin, Mohamed Sahli, Thierry Barrière, and J. C. Gelin. "Adhesion Strength Study of Silicone Rubber Compounds to Nylon 66." Key Engineering Materials 622-623 (September 2014): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.622-623.453.

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In recent years, multi-component injection molding has largely developed in the industries. During the manufacturing process, the critical challenge is in achieving an optimum adhesion between the two materials. This study examines the influence of curing kinetics on the interfacial adhesion strength between a silicone rubber and nylon 66 using a rotational rheometer. The evolution of adhesion strength of assembly during the curing behaviour of silicone rubber was measured by tensile test at different curing temperature and different curing time. The results showed a significant increase in adhesion was obtained while either the curing temperature or the curing time increased. In this study, the rheological property of silicone rubber fluid has been also determined by the rotational rheometer. In addition, the kinetics of the curing reaction of silicone rubber has been studied by differential scanning calorimeter.

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O'Lenick, Anthony J., and Kevin A. O'Lenick. "Silicone Polymers in Skin Care." MRS Bulletin 32, no. 10 (October 2007): 801–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2007.167.

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AbstractSilicone polymers have become increasingly important as ingredients in skin care products, and the trend has accelerated over the last decade. While silicone compounds have existed since the 1860s, their increasing popularity in recent years is due in large part to a better understanding of their unique functions. This increased understanding of the properties of silicone, coupled with an increased ability of the silicone chemist to modify compounds, has resulted in more effective utilization of these materials in skin care formulations. Silicone polymers bring to formulations a phase that is soluble neither in oil nor in water. They are third-phase ingredients that when properly chosen can provide to formulations properties including surface-tension reduction, wetting, and emulsification.

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Prybylski, John, and Kenneth Sloan. "The Flux of Phenolic Compounds through Silicone Membranes." Pharmaceutics 5, no. 4 (August 21, 2013): 434–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics5030434.

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Zięba, Małgorzata, Anna Małysa, Tomasz Wasilewski, and Marta Ogorzałek. "Effects of Chemical Structure of Silicone Polyethers Used as Fabric Softener Additives on Selected Utility Properties of Cotton Fabric." Autex Research Journal 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2018-0009.

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Abstract The study addressed the effect of the structure of silicone polyethers on selected functional properties of cotton fabric rinsed in conditioners containing the additives under study. Fabric softener formulations containing two comb-structured compounds (PEG/PPG-14/0 Dimethicone and PEG/PPG-20/20 Dimethicone) and one block-structured compound (Bis-PEG/PPG-20/20 Dimethicone) were developed. Cotton fabric rinsed in conditioners containing silicone glycols was not found to be affected by yellowing. However, differences were noted in the softening ability and re-wettability of rinsed fabrics due to diverse structures of the additives used. The most desirable soft hand effect was observed after cotton rinsing in fabric softeners containing the block-structured compound Bis-PEG/PPG-20/20 Dimethicone. In contrast, the highest fabric re-wettability was shown for the conditioner enriched with a comb-structured compound (PEG/PPG-20/20 Dimethicone). The study results demonstrate that the prototypical fabric softeners containing silicone derivatives have a potential to provide quality characteristic required by consumers of this product group.

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Chowdhury, A. S. M. Raufur, Monjur Morshed Rabby, Mehzabeen Kabir, Partha Pratim Das, Rabin Bhandari, Rassel Raihan, and Dereje Agonafer. "A Comparative Study of Thermal Aging Effect on the Properties of Silicone-Based and Silicone-Free Thermal Gap Filler Materials." Materials 14, no. 13 (June 25, 2021): 3565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133565.

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Thermal conductive gap filler materials are used as thermal interface materials (TIMs) in electronic devices due their numerous advantages, such as higher thermal conductivity, ease of use, and conformity. Silicone is a class of synthetic materials based on a polymeric siloxane backbone which is widely used in thermal gap filler materials. In electronic packages, silicone-based thermal gap filler materials are widely used in industries, whereas silicone-free thermal gap filler materials are emerging as new alternatives for numerous electronics applications. Certainly, characterization of these TIMs is of immense importance since it plays a critical role in heat dissipation and long-term reliability of the electronic packages. Insubstantial studies on the effects of various chemical compounds on the properties of silicone-based and silicone-free TIMs has led to this study, which focuses on the effect of thermal aging on the mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties of silicone-based and silicone-free TIMs and the chemical compounds that cause the changes in properties of these materials. Characterization techniques such as dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BbDS) are used to study the mechanical, thermal, and dielectric characteristics of these TIMs, which will guide towards a better understanding of the applicability and reliability of these TIMs. The experiments demonstrate that upon thermal aging at 125 °C, the silicone-free TIM becomes hard, while silicone-based TIM remains viscoelastic, which indicates its wide applicability to higher temperature applications for a long time. Though silicone-based TIM displays better mechanical and thermal properties at elevated temperatures, dielectric properties indicate low conductivity for silicone-free TIM, which makes it a better candidate for silicone-sensitive applications where higher electric insulation is desired.

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Maldonado, Genessis, Roberto Guerrero, Maria Intriago, and Carlos Rios. "Autoinflammatory/Autoimmunity Syndrome Induced By Adjuvants (ASIA) Due to Silicone Incompatibility Syndrome." Case Reports in Rheumatology 2021 (August 16, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5595739.

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The adjuvant-induced autoimmune syndrome (ASIA) is associated with a dysregulation of the innate and adaptive immune system after exposure to chemical compounds, including liquid paraffin, silicone gel, acrylamides, and hyaluronic acid. Due the increase of the use of these compounds in cosmetic procedures, the prevalence of this syndrome is increasing. We present the first report in Ecuador associated to ASIA after an elective silicone breast prosthesis procedure, manifested as polyarthralgia, positive antinuclear antibody, anticentromere antibody, and a moderate positive Sclero-70.

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Shao, Yue, Yu-chou Shih, and Frank G. Shi. "Reliability potential of silicone molding compounds for LED application." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2014, no. 1 (October 1, 2014): 000258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-tp34.

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As the development of light emitting devices (LEDs), integrate circuits (ICs) and concentration photovoltaic (CPV) modules towards higher density, packaging materials are facing the challenges of withstand with heat generation and high energy. Epoxy molding compound (EMC) is the latest technology for LED and solar cell package to replace PPA and PCT. However, it is well known that the thermal and radiation resistance of epoxy is limited. Recently, silicone based composites are attracting attention as ideal materials because they are insensible to high energy density and good resistance to UV light and heat. Epoxy and silicone both have reliability issues during long-term service at high temperature and high energy. Thermal and radiation degradation of reflector materials will largely affect their reflectance and their contribution to a higher light output and energy efficiency. Therefore, it is very essential to evaluate reliability performance of SMC and EMC based reflecting materials. Aging under multiple environmental conditions has generated considerable interest for evaluating the life and behavior of materials in a real environment. Radiation and thermal aging are two quite different types of aging. The combination of these two situations will cause the aging process to accelerate further. The objective of this study is to investigate the synergetic influence of thermal and radiation aging on optical performance of SMC and EMC based packaging materials. It is concluded that SMC is the preferred choice for packaging LEDs, ICs and solar cells for its superior thermal and radiation resistance.

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Jin, Eui, and Yeong-Jin Chung. "Heat Risk Assessment of Wood Coated with Silicone Compounds." Fire science and engineering 33, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.2019.33.2.009.

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Almquist, C. "The permeation of organophosphorus compounds in silicone rubber membranes." Journal of Membrane Science 153, no. 1 (February 3, 1999): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0376-7388(98)00244-0.

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Weigenand, Oliver, Miha Humar, Geoffrey Daniel, Holger Militz, and Carsten Mai. "Decay resistance of wood treated with amino-silicone compounds." Holzforschung 62, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2008.016.

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AbstractAn amino-silicone (AS; amino-polydimethylsiloxane) micro-emulsion was tested for its suitability to preserve wood against basidiomycetes in a mini-block experiment and in a test according to the European standard (1996) EN 113. Decay resistance was assessed against the white rot fungiTrametes versicolor,Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, andHypoxylon fragiforme, as well as the brown rot fungiConiophora puteana,Antrodia vaillantii,Gloeophyllum trabeumandSerpula lacrymans. Pine sapwood and beech wood were treated with AS emulsions at solute concentration levels of 2%, 5% and 15%. The mini-blocks treated with 15% concentrations of AS resisted decay byT. versicolorandC. puteanaover a long time (12 weeks), while samples treated with low and moderate concentrations underwent considerable mass losses. Accordingly, microscopic studies revealed a high degree of colonisation by the white rot fungus and loss of cell wall integrity (brown rot) in samples treated with 2% AS. At high AS content (15%), no or only initial stages of decay could be observed. In the European standard (1996) test EN 113, the mass loss in all fungal cultures except for the white rot ascomyceteH. fragiformewas below 5%, when the samples were treated with 15% AS. The effect of low and moderate AS concentration on the decay resistance was dependent on the fungal strain. The mode of action of AS treatment against basidiomycete decay is discussed.

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Oprea, Mihaela L., Heike Schnöring, Jörg S. Sachweh, Hagen Ott, Julia Biertz, and Jaime F. Vazquez-Jimenez. "Allergy to Pacemaker Silicone Compounds: Recognition and Surgical Management." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 87, no. 4 (April 2009): 1275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.08.028.

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Swift, Thomas, Gillian Westgate, Julie Van Onselen, and Stewart Lee. "Developments in silicone technology for use in stoma care." British Journal of Nursing 29, no. 6 (March 26, 2020): S6—S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2020.29.6.s6.

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Soft silicone's flexibility, adhesive capacity and non-toxic, non-odourous and hypoallergenic nature have made it an established material for adhesive and protective therapeutic devices. In wound care, silicone is a component of contact layer dressings for superficial wounds and silicone gel sheeting for reducing the risk of scarring, as well as of barriers for incontinence-associated dermatitis. Regarding stoma accessories, silicone is established in barrier films to prevent contact dermatitis, adhesive removers to prevent skin stripping and filler gels to prevent appliance leaks. Until recently, silicone has not been used in stoma appliances flanges, as its hydrophobic nature has not allowed for moisture management to permit trans-epidermal water loss and prevent maceration. Traditional hydrocolloid appliances manage moisture by absorbing water, but this can lead to saturation and moisture-associated skin damage (MASD), as well as increased adhesion and resultant skin tears on removal, known as medical adhesive-related skin injury (MARSI). However, novel silicone compounds have been developed with a distinct evaporation-based mechanism of moisture management. This uses colloidal separation to allow the passage of water vapour at a rate equivalent to normal trans-epidermal water loss. It has been shown to minimise MASD, increase wear time and permit atraumatic removal without the use of adhesive solvents. Trio Healthcare has introduced this technology with a range of silicone-based flange extenders and is working with the University of Bradford Centre for Skin Sciences on prototype silicone-based stoma appliance flanges designed to significantly reduce the incidence of peristomal skin complications, such as MARSI and MASD. It is hoped that this will also increase appliance wear time, reduce costs and improve patient quality of life.

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Swift, Thomas, Gillian Westgate, Julie Van Onselen, and Stewart Lee. "Developments in silicone technology for use in stoma care." British Journal of Nursing 30, Sup8 (March 31, 2021): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2021.30.sup8.7.

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Soft silicone's flexibility, adhesive capacity and non-toxic, non-odourous and hypoallergenic nature have made it an established material for adhesive and protective therapeutic devices. In wound care, silicone is a component of contact layer dressings for superficial wounds and silicone gel sheeting for reducing the risk of scarring, as well as of barriers for incontinence-associated dermatitis. Regarding stoma accessories, silicone is established in barrier films to prevent contact dermatitis, adhesive removers to prevent skin stripping and filler gels to prevent appliance leaks. Until recently, silicone has not been used in stoma appliances flanges, as its hydrophobic nature has not allowed for moisture management to permit transepidermal water loss and prevent maceration. Traditional hydrocolloid appliances manage moisture by absorbing water, but this can lead to saturation and moisture-associated skin damage (MASD), as well as increased adhesion and resultant skin tears on removal, known as medical adhesive-related skin injury (MARSI). However, novel silicone compounds have been developed with a distinct evaporation-based mechanism of moisture management. This uses colloidal separation to allow the passage of water vapour at a rate equivalent to normal transepidermal water loss. It has been shown to minimise MASD, increase wear time and permit atraumatic removal without the use of adhesive solvents. Trio Healthcare has introduced this technology with a range of silicone-based flange extenders and is working with the University of Bradford Centre for Skin Sciences on prototype silicone-based stoma appliance flanges designed to significantly reduce the incidence of peristomal skin complications, such as MARSI and MASD. It is hoped that this will also increase appliance wear time, reduce costs and improve patient quality of life.

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Klunder, Gregory L., and Richard E. Russo. "Core-Based Intrinsic Fiber-Optic Absorption Sensor for the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 3 (March 1995): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953963580.

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A core-based intrinsic fiber-optic absorption sensor has been developed and tested for the detection of volatile organic compounds. The distal ends of transmitting and receiving fibers are connected by a small cylindrical section of an optically clear silicone rubber. The silicone rubber acts both as a light pipe and as a selective membrane into which the analyte molecules can diffuse. The sensor has been used to detect volatile organics (trichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, and benzene) in both aqueous solutions and in the vapor phase or headspace. Absorption spectra obtained in the near-infrared (near-IR) provide qualitative and quantitative information about the analyte. Water, which has strong broad-band absorption in the near-IR, is excluded from the spectra because of the hydrophobic properties of the silicone rubber. The rate-limiting step is shown to be the diffusion through the Nernstian boundary layer surrounding the sensor and not the diffusion through the silicone polymer. The rate of analyte diffusion into the sensor, as measured by the t90 values (the time required for the sensor to reach 90% of the equilibrium value), is 30 min for measurements in aqueous solutions and approximately 3 min for measurements made in the headspace. The limit of detection obtained with this sensor is approximately 1.1 ppm for trichloroethylene in an aqueous solution.

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Essenmacher, Alex Charles, and Seyed Amin Astani. "Respiratory Disease following Illicit Injection of Silicone: A Case Report." Case Reports in Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/743842.

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Unregulated, pseudomedical procedures risk serious sequelae even when otherwise safe compounds are used. Silicone is commonly used legally in cosmetic procedures owing to its durability, resistance to heat and aging, and low immunogenicity. However, inappropriate or illegal silicone injection can pose severe local and systemic complications including serious pulmonary compromise. We describe the case of a 30-year-old female who presented with hemoptysis and progressive shortness of breath following illicit silicone injections to the gluteal fat and was found to have new, diffuse, bilateral, ground-glass opacities on contrast-enhanced pulmonary computed tomography. Transbronchial biopsy elucidated that this was a lipoid pneumonia-type injury secondary to silicone infiltration.

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Surahmaida, Surahmaida, Umarudin Umarudin, and Junairiah Junairiah. "Senyawa Bioaktif Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus)." Jurnal Kimia Riset 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jkr.v4i1.13176.

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AbstrakDaun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) umumnya digunakan sebagai tanaman obat keluarga, hal ini diduga karena senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung didalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui senyawa bioaktif ekstrak n-heksana daun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) menggunakan GCMS. Hasil senyawa bioaktif yang teridentifikasi ekstrak n-heksana daun kumis kucing mengandung 1,1-Dicyclopentylethane; Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2,6-diene-1,2,3,4,4,5,6-d(7); n-Butyl palmitate; 1-oxo03.alpa.-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-6.alpa.-methyl-6a.alpa.-carbomethoxy-1,3,3a.alpa.,6a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furan; 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13-tetradecamethylheptasiloxane; 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-benzene dan Silicone grease, Siliconfett. Senyawa-senyawa bioaktif ekstrak n-heksana daun kumis kucing tersebut kemudian dianalisis aktivitas biologi dan farmakologisnya. Katakunci: Orthosiphon stamineus, senyawa bioaktif, GCMS AbstractThe leaves of cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) are generally used as family medicinal plants, this is thought to be due to the bioactive compounds contained therein. The purpose of this study was to find out the bioactive compounds of n-hexane extract of cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) using GCMS. The results of bioactive compounds identified with n-hexane extract of cat whiskers containing 1,1-Dicyclopentylethane; Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2,6-diene-1,2,3,4,4,5,6-d(7); n-Butyl palmitate; 1-oxo03.alpa.-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-6.alpa.-methyl-6a.alpa.-carbomethoxy-1,3,3a.alpa.,6a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furan; 1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13-tetradecamethylheptasiloxane; 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-benzene and Silicone grease, Siliconfett. The bioactive compounds of the n-hexane extract of the cat's whiskers leaves were then analyzed for their biological and pharmacological activities. Keywords: Orthosiphon stamineus, bioactive compound, GCMS

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Kohlmeier, Vesta, George C. Dragan, Erwin W. Karg, Jürgen Schnelle-Kreis, Dietmar Breuer, Patricia B. C. Forbes, Egmont R. Rohwer, and Ralf Zimmermann. "Multi-channel silicone rubber traps as denuders for gas–particle partitioning of aerosols from semi-volatile organic compounds." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 19, no. 5 (2017): 676–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7em00044h.

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Shakun, A. S., V. I. Vorobyova, O. E. Chygyrynets, and M. I. Skiba. "Influence of Solvent on the Component Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Apricot Cake (Prunus armeniaca L.) Extracts." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (June 23, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2913454.

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Antioxidants of natural origin which are based on agroprocessing waste appear as substance with high performance properties. They have complicated structure and contain a complex of biologically active compounds. This is why research of the above is particularly relevant in current competitive market. When working with plant raw materials and isolation of valuable compounds, the urgent issue is the choice of the method (extraction method) and extractant, which will ensure a maximum release of chemically active compounds. Known solvents such as methanol, ethanol, hexane, diethyl ether, and mixtures thereof are usually used for recovery. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of selected nonpolar solvents on the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant capacity of Prunus armeniaca L. Extracts were obtained using ethanol, silicone, propan-2-ol, and mixtures of ethanol silicone and propan-2-ol with silicone. In the obtained extracts, identification of the sequestered chemically active compounds was carried out by means of chromatography, mass spectrometry, and IR and UV spectrometry, and the extracts were evaluated on antioxidant properties. Various extracts showed varying degrees of antioxidant activity in various test systems, depending on the concentration. Since various antioxidant compounds have different mechanisms of action, several methods have been used to evaluate the effectiveness of antioxidant extracts. The results showed that the test solvents play an important role in the extraction of the plant material into the component composition, as well as the antioxidant ability of Prunus armeniaca L.

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Ghosh, Shyamal C., Jens Dyckmans, Holger Militz, and Carsten Mai. "Effect of quat- and amino-silicones on fungal colonisation and decay of wood." Holzforschung 66, no. 8 (December 1, 2012): 1009–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2012-0024.

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Abstract Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood samples treated with quaternary (quat)- and amino-silicone (QS and AS) solutions of different chain lengths were tested against brown-rot and white-rot fungi as well as with regard to blue stain colonisation. The treatment with short-chained silicones bearing quat and amino functional group reduced the mass loss (ML) by decay fungi at 15% treatment concentration. The release of metabolic heat by decayed samples determined in a microcalorimeter corresponded with the ML of the samples, i.e., samples with high ML produced more heat indicating higher fungal activity. Short-chain ASs reduced the blue staining more strongly than long-chain ones. However, the opposite was true in the case of QS. It was assumed that the combined effect of hydrophobation, cell wall bulking and change of the wood surface energy are responsible for a successful performance of silicone compounds as wood preservatives.

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Lehmann, K., and A. Nawracala. "Heat Transfer and Flame Retardant Properties of Silicone Elastomers." International Polymer Science and Technology 44, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x1704400101.

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The following article discusses the use of novel compounds from the Tegosil series which are intended to significantly increase the thermal conductivity of HCR- and even LSR-based silicone elastomers or to provide a simple way of improving their flame retardant properties by adding these compounds. Heat transfer characteristics from hot disc testing are presented and the reduced burn time in the UL 94 test demonstrates the improved flame resistance of the resulting elastomer formulations.

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Fazaelipoor, Mohammad Hassan, and Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati. "The effect of silicone oil on biofiltration of hydrophobic compounds." Environmental Progress 21, no. 4 (December 2002): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.670210410.

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32

Uchida, H., T. Ebisawa, K. Terao, N. Hosoda, and Y. C. Huang. "Hydriding and dehydriding characteristics of LaNi5 mixed with silicone compounds." Journal of the Less Common Metals 131, no. 1-2 (March 1987): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(87)90535-2.

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33

Garrido, Leoncio. "NMR of Tissues Exposed to Polysiloxane Gels." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 71, no. 1 (March 1, 1998): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538476.

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Abstract Silicone (polysiloxanes) gel-filled implants have been widely used for biomedical applications, mainly because they were considered to be nonbiodegradable. However, increasing concern about the health implications of polysiloxane exposure for women with silicone gel-filled breast implants has prompted interest to study the biochemistry of implanted polysiloxanes. The purpose of this work is to investigate the migration of polysiloxanes from the implant to local and distant sites and their chemical modification in living systems. Tissues from animals and humans exposed to polysiloxane gel implants are studied in vivo using proton NMR localized spectroscopy, and in vitro with proton and 29Si magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. This work demonstrates that free polysiloxanes present in the gel-filled implants migrate to surrounding tissues and distant organs, such as the liver. In addition, 29Si NMR spectra of metabolically active tissues (liver) show the presence of chemically unchanged polysiloxanes and other silicon-containing compounds (silica) which suggest that these polymers are biodegradable.

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Reem Mohsen Khalaf Al-Uobody, Raheem Jameel Mheesn, Hatam Ahmed Jassim, Eiman A. Saeed, and Alaa A. Ibrahim Al Dirawi. "Synthesize and Characterization of New Polydimethylsiloxane Derivatives with Evaluation of Biological Activities." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 717–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1884.

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New polymers of silicone derivatives were prepared. The polymers were characterized by IR, NMR spectrophotometry. The biological activity against Streptococcus, E-Coli, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella were studied. The new polymers have shown more activity against Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella. The wound dressing studied on New Zealand White Rabbits (5 groups) each group contained 6 rabbits (3 male and 3 female), each animal had made 2 wounds ,one for control(povidone-iodine, silicone gel) and other for our compounds, all products showed good activity on open wounds more than drugs in market. Benzaldehyde is consists of benzene bearing a single formyl substituent; the simplest aromatic aldehyde and parent of the class of benzaldehydes. It has a role as a flavoring agent, a fragrance, an odorant receptor agonist. Polyvinylpyrrolidone has disinfectant properties, so we used it in our compound to become more potent.

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Bui, Muhammad Nuraddeen. "Determination of Dissolved Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in River." International Letters of Natural Sciences 48 (November 2015): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.48.67.

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This study shows the sensitivity of using silicone rubber passive sampler(SR-PS) andgas chromatography with mass spectrometer (GC-MS) detection for monitoring and identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface water systems. The analysis was performed for eighteen PAHs compounds after pre-concentration using Soxhlet extraction method. By comparison, a total of 13 PAHs were detected in the spot water samples, of which none was quantifiable. The freely dissolved PAH concentrations were found to range from 0.17 ng/L to 0.76 ng/L at Ugieriver. The use of fluorine d10 as Performance reference compound(PRC) gives a sampling rates of 8.14 (L/day) for silicone rubber passive samplers. Analysis of PAHs concentrations suggest the contaminants are mainly from pyrolytic sources. Overall it can be concluded that SR-PS are viable alternatives in the environmental monitoring of PAHs.

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Bullock, Emma J., Alexis M. Schafsnitz, Chloe H. Wang, Robert L. Broadrup, Anthony Macherone, Christopher Mayack, and Helen K. White. "Silicone Wristbands as Passive Samplers in Honey Bee Hives." Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 3 (July 6, 2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7030086.

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The recent decline of European honey bees (Apis mellifera) has prompted a surge in research into their chemical environment, including chemicals produced by bees, as well as chemicals produced by plants and derived from human activity that bees also interact with. This study sought to develop a novel approach to passively sampling honey bee hives using silicone wristbands. Wristbands placed in hives for 24 h captured various compounds, including long-chain hydrocarbons, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, sugars, and sterols with wide ranging octanol–water partition coefficients (Kow) that varied by up to 19 orders of magnitude. Most of the compounds identified from the wristbands are known to be produced by bees or plants. This study indicates that silicone wristbands provide a simple, affordable, and passive method for sampling the chemical environment of honey bees.

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Okel, Timothy A., and Walter H. Waddell. "Effect of Precipitated Silica Physical Properties on Silicone Rubber Performance." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 68, no. 1 (March 1, 1995): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538732.

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Abstract Nitrogen BET surface area is a highly accurate predictor of the physical performance of silica-filled and silica and carbon black-filled, cured organic rubber compounds. The effectiveness of predicting performance of a high-temperature-vulcanized, high-consistency silicone rubber, based on precipitated silica physical properties, is presented. Correlation and regression analyses were performed for twenty-five silica physical properties and fourteen silicone rubber performance characteristics. Silica properties studied included measurements of surface area, structure, impurities, particle size, pH and adsorbed moisture. Silicone rubber performance included measures of processing, curing, reinforcement, resiliency, stress whitening, color and clarity. The present study confirms that no single silica physical property can predict silicone rubber performance. A combination of surface area, oil absorption, particle size, pH, adsorbed moisture, residual sodium and/or residual salt can qualitatively predict the physical performance of high-temperature-vulcanized, high consistency, precipitated silica-filled silicone rubber.

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Auner, Norbert, Reiner Probst, Claus-Rüdiger Heikenwälder, Eberhardt Herdtweck, Siegfried Gamper, and Gerhard Müller. "Beeinflussen interne N-Donorliganden Hydrolyse-und Kondensationsreaktionen von Chlorsilanen? / Do Internal N-Donor Ligands Influence the Hydrolysis and Condensation Reactions of Chlorosilanes?" Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 48, no. 11 (November 1, 1993): 1625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1993-1123.

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The reaction of [C6H4CH2N(CH3)2]2SiCl2 (1) with hydrogen chloride gives the singly protonated adduct 2. Its solid state structure has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Centrosymmetric 2 is orthorhombic, space group Pbca, a = 1694.9(2), b = 1161.7(2), c = 2501.7(3) pm; Z = 8. Controlled hydrolysis of 1 leads to the 1,3-siloxanediol 4, probably via the precursors 3a-3c which could not be isolated. The hydrogen chloride formed during the hydrolysis protonates two of the dimethylamino groups, while the other two dimethylamino functions form hydrogen bonds to the silanol groups. Centrosymmetric 4: monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 980.3(1), b = 933.9(1), c = 2177.5(2) pm, β = 99.94(1)°; Ζ = 4. If the hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of lithium naphthalenide, the metalated compound {[C6H4CH2N(CH3)2]2Si(OLi)OH}4•2 LiCl•2CHCl3 (5) is obtained. The solid state structure of 5 exhibits two cube-like subunits which are held together by nitrogen and oxygen lithium contacts, hydrogen bonds between silanol groups and nitrogen atoms, and which are linked by the four silicon centres. Tetrameric 5: monoclinic, space group C2/C or Cc; a = 1523.6(2), b = 2440.2(1), c = 2534.8(2) pm, β = 93.83(3)°; Ζ = 8. These results show that the intramolecular donor capabilities of the dimethylaminobenzyl ligand at silicon can stabilize 1,3-siloxanediol and SiOLi substructures. Compounds like 1 serve as model compounds for the controlled formation of precursors for silicone synthesis.

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Sun, Huichao, Xianhai Yang, Xuehua Li, and Xiaochen Jin. "Development of predictive models for silicone rubber–water partition coefficients of hydrophobic organic contaminants." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 21, no. 12 (2019): 2020–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9em00343f.

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40

Pop, Lucian-Cristian, Nobuaki Kurokawa, Hiroaki Ebata, Katsuya Tomizawa, Tomoyuki Tajima, Masatoshi Ikeda, Michikazu Yoshioka, et al. "Synthesis and structures of monomeric group 14 triols and their reactivity." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 92, no. 6 (June 2014): 542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2013-0496.

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The first stable stannanetriol and germanetriol bearing sterically congested aryl groups were synthesized by hydrolysis of the corresponding trichloro-stannane and -germane. The stannanetriol is monomeric in solution as well as in the crystalline state, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction analysis and CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy. The stannanetriol reacted with silicone grease to afford a cagelike compound having three Sn–O–Si–O–Sn linkages in the molecule. All the group 14 triols can be converted to the corresponding trihalo compounds in good yields.

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41

Niu, Ying Jian, and Ling Yang. "Thermogravimetric Evaluation of Magnesium Hydroxide and Red Phosphorous Flame Retarded Methyl Vinyl Silicone Rubber." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.162.

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Halogen free fire-retardant silicon rubber compounds were prepared, using red phosphorus combined with magnesium hydroxide as flame retardants. The flame retardant mechanisms of red phosphorus, magnesium hydroxide were studied by means of comprehensive decomposition studies and combustion tests. The study is intended to illuminate prerequisites and the potential of red phosphorus as a fire retardant for silicone rubber in the condensed phase. The flammability was determined by limited oxygen indices （LOI） and UL 94 test. Thermo-oxidative decomposition kinetics were characterized by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TG). The activation energies were determined using the Friedman method, which do not require knowledge of the reaction mechanism (RM). The results show that the MVMQ/MH/RP composite has a higher thermal stability and lower flammability.

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42

Psarras, Antonios, Ioannis Gkougkourelas, Konstantinos Tselios, Alexandros Sarantopoulos, and Panagiota Boura. "Systemic Sclerosis and Silicone Breast Implant: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Rheumatology 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/809629.

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Environmentally induced systemic sclerosis is a well-recognized condition, which is correlated with exposure to various chemical compounds or drugs. However, development of scleroderma-like disease after exposure to silicone has always been a controversial issue and, over time, it has triggered spirited debate whether there is a certain association or not. Herein, we report the case of a 35-year-old female who developed Raynaud’s phenomenon and, finally, systemic sclerosis shortly after silicone breast implantation surgery.

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GIORDANO, A., P. RICHTER, K. LEIVA, and L. ASCAR. "DETERMINATION OF SUNSCREEN COMPOUNDS IN WATER SAMPLES BY SILICONE ROD EXTRACTION." Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society 58, no. 2 (2013): 1741–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-97072013000200022.

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44

Fukushima, Koji, Toshiharu Sakurai, Mariko Fukuma, Yoshiko Seto, and Haruhisa Fujita. "Diversity in antitumor properties of organic silicone compounds with alkylamine substituents." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 43 (1987): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)58118-5.

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45

Waters, L. J., and A. K. M. M. H. Bhuiyan. "Ionisation effects on the permeation of pharmaceutical compounds through silicone membrane." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 141 (May 2016): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.01.055.

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46

Shahzad, Yasser, Laura J. Waters, and Chris Barber. "Solvent selection effects on the transport of compounds through silicone membrane." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 458 (September 2014): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.02.010.

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47

Pirakitikulr, Nathan, Ann Q. Tran, Armando L. Garcia, Sander R. Dubovy, and Wendy W. Lee. "Periorbital Silicone Granulomatosis 30 Years after Acupuncture." Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2020 (June 25, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6323646.

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Silicone-based compounds are commonly used in many medical applications, such as coatings for needles and syringes. Foreign body granulomas are a well-recognized complication of silicone exposure; however, they may be challenging to identify without a clear history. A 61-year-old female patient without prior history of periocular injections, filler, or surgery presented to our oculoplastic clinic with multiple periocular lesions. The patient subsequently underwent excisional biopsy of two prominent lesions, which were identified as granulomas on pathology. Further questioning revealed the cause to be facial acupuncture performed decades prior, and a subsequent targeted exam identified additional lesions at other needling sites. A third lesion was subsequently excised, and there was no recurrence at the last follow-up 3 months postsurgery. Acupuncture is an increasingly common but underrecognized source of silicone exposure and can present up to several decades after exposure as a chronic granulomatous response in a characteristic multifocal pattern.

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Hidayah, Nurul, Mariatti Mustapha, Hanafi Ismail, and Mohamad Kamarol. "Linear low-density polyethylene/silicone rubber nanocomposites." Journal of Elastomers & Plastics 50, no. 1 (April 20, 2017): 36–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095244317704983.

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This study determines the applicability of nanofillers (silica, boron nitride, and zinc oxide) in linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)/silicone rubber (SR) insulation compounds. Design of experiment is adopted to model the relationship between the properties (permittivity, loss tangent, dielectric strength, and volume resistivity) and factors (SR content, type of nanofiller, and nanofiller loading) for performance optimization. It is observed that SR content and type of nanofiller significantly influence the electrical properties of LLDPE/SR nanocomposites. Nanofiller loading, however, causes a small variation in the properties of the nanocomposites except for dielectric strength. From the optimization, it is found that the optimum formulation composition is 10 wt% of SR and 2 vol% of nanoboron nitride.

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49

Donaldson, Nick, Preeti Baviskar, Jim Cunningham, and Darren Wilson. "The permeability of silicone rubber to metal compounds: Relevance to implanted devices." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 100A, no. 3 (December 30, 2011): 588–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.33257.

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50

Manconi, I., and P. N. L. Lens. "Removal of H2S and volatile organic sulfur compounds by silicone membrane extraction." Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 84, no. 1 (January 2009): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2008.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Silicone compounds'

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