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Journal articles on the topic 'Silk-route trade'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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1

Vaid, Manish. "India and China: Time to Hit a Right Note on the New Silk Road." Liberal Studies 1, no. 2 (2016): 221–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3372286.

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<strong>Introduction</strong> The yearning for greater integration with Central Asia has resulted in the quest for reinventing the old trade route known as the ‘Great Silk Route’ and creating a modern-day version of the same – the New Silk Road. The origins of the Great Silk Road can be traced back to the second half of the second century BC, when the Chinese diplomat and spy Chjan Tzyan originally introduced his compatriots to – an unexplored part of the world – Central Asia. The route existed till the sixteenth century AD, having a total length of about 7,000-km

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2

Samoon, Mohammad Zaman, and Noor Ahmad Ahmadi. "The Economical and Geographical Importance of Lapis Route." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 3, no. 2 (2024): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.3.2.28.

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This research explores the intricate web of the Lapis Route, an ancient trade route that formerly linked Afghanistan with the Mediterranean Sea. This study examines the geographical and historical relevance of this ancient road using a qualitative research approach, building on insights from numerous books, journals, and other sources. It focuses on the valuable lapis lazuli gemstone that contributed to the route's notoriety. The research delves into the various segments of the Lapis Route and its convergence with the Silk Road, unveiling the complex web of commerce that thrived amongst variou

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Wang, Zirong. "An Empirical Study of the Impact of the Digital Silk Road on Foreign Trade between China and Countries along the Route - A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on Silk Road E-Commerce International Cooperation." Journal of Applied Economics and Policy Studies 7, no. 1 (2024): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2977-5701/7/2024054.

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The Digital Silk Road, as the digital extension of the Belt and Road Initiative, aims to enhance international trade and infrastructure development. This study is based on data from 190 countries from 2002 to 2022, using the PSM-DID model and the quasi-natural experimental environment of Silk Road e-commerce international cooperation, to conduct an in-depth study of the impact of the Digital Silk Road (DSR) initiative on trade between China and the countries along the route (countries that have signed the DSR initiative with China). This study draws the following conclusions. First, the DSR in

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Dilaver, Hatice, and Aziz Cumhur Kocalar. "Anatolia: The End Point of the Silk Road." Journal of International Eastern European Studies 6, no. 1 (2024): 92–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.59839/jiees.1477533.

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The Silk Road has been a trade route spanning a vast area for centuries, sought after by many states attempting to control it. The states that gained control of this route reaped significant economic benefits, thereby bolstering their power and engaging in cultural exchanges with each other. The desire to control the Silk Road has even led to conflicts between some states. The Silk Road also facilitated trade and the exchange of ideas between the Chinese and Roman civilizations. In the Eastern Mediterranean part of the Silk Road, commercial goods were loaded onto ships and sent westward via th

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Hu, Yi. "The Sogdians' Influence on the Silk Road from the 4th to the 9th Century." Proceedings of The International Conference on Social Sciences, Humanities and Education 2, no. 1 (2025): 17–28. https://doi.org/10.33422/icshe.v2i1.813.

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As an important land trade route, the ancient Silk Road has fallen into decline many times in history due to many factors. During the Tang Dynasty in China, the Silk Road once again ushered in its heyday. During this golden age of trade, the Sogdians played an important role on the Silk Road. As a unique ethnic group, the Sogdians have long been marginalized by the mainstream historical narrative. This article focuses on the Sogdians, analyzing their uniqueness and how they controlled the Silk Road from the 4th to the 9th century, and hopes to show their importance by showing their contributio

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Yu, Xiaoguang. "Heqin Policy During the Western Han Dynasty Contributed Accidentally to the Silk Road Trade Development." Communications in Humanities Research 56, no. 1 (2025): 40–46. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/2024.21068.

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The Silk Road is known as a cross-Eurasian trade route with silk as the most popular goods. There is plenty of research about the Silk Road timeline, routes, goods, merchants, cultural exchange, etc. In a study of different historical materials, records, and excavation evidence in both Chinese and English, some impactful correlations are identified between heqin (, peace through kinship) and the Silk Road, which is rarely discussed in other research. This work will elaborate in detail that heqin policy during Western Han dynasty contributed to Silk Road trade development accidentally by streng

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Djuraeva, Dr Sanabar N., and Dr Durbek A. Rakhimdjanov. "TRADE RELATIONS OF THE SURKHAN OASIS ON THE GREAT SILK ROAD IN THE MIDDLE AGES AND THE CRAFTS THAT FLOURISHED THERE." American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 02, no. 12 (2022): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/volume02issue12-09.

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This article describes the development of the Great Silk Road in Central Asia from ancient times, the fact that the Kushan Kingdom was the main link of the trade route, the Surkhan oasis in the Middle Ages, north and northwest of Termiz, from Sogd to India through the Iron Gate, Sogd, -Saroykamar- Kunduz to Kashmir, from the west to Balkh, Badakhshan, Hisori Shodmon-Tianshan are located at the intersection of the roads to East Turkestan and China, trade relations, the flourishing of crafts and the construction of a river port in Termiz in the 10th century, the protection of the Great Silk Road

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Liulina, Anastasia G., and Ekaterina A. Malikova. "Background and the beginning of trade relations on the Silk Road." RUDN Journal of World History 15, no. 4 (2023): 424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8127-2023-15-4-424-433.

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The relevance to research the beginning of trade relations on the ancient Silk Road was determined by the growing interest in the “revival” of the Silk Road. China is striving to develop the concept of “One Belt, One Road”, namely the “Silk Road Economic Belt”, which aims is a new transport system, that will improve trade relations between the countries and accelerate the supply of goods through Central Asia along the historical trade routes. This initiative is supported by many CIS states and countries whose history is directly related to the history of the Silk Road. The study of the prerequ

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9

Qin, Todor. "The Roles of Wu Zhu Coins in Facilitating Trade and Cultural Exchange along the Silk Road." Communications in Humanities Research 70, no. 1 (2025): 128–32. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/2024.23635.

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The study of the Silk Road by most history scholars has predominantly centered on the exchange of goods and ideas between the East and the West, creating a rich cultural exchange and interaction among people along the route. However, this paper takes a different approach by highlighting the role of Wu Zhu coins and their profound impact on facilitating trade and cultural exchange along the historic Silk Road. Wu Zhu coins likely played a significant role in promoting economic transactions. As a medium of exchange, they facilitated the movement of goods between different regions. Merchants coul

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10

Xin, Ning, and Liao Jingjing. "History of the Silk Road." Chronos 36 (August 20, 2018): 167–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31377/chr.v36i0.86.

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It is often mentioned that the "Silk Road" was a trade route between theEast and the West. Conceptually, it represents the history of communicationbetween China and the West: goods and merchants frequently travelledalong this route. The meaning of the Silk Road and its formation processand scope of influence has been documented in different records, and hadan impact on academic research in several countries: in the field of researchon the history of China, the study of the Silk Road is a subject that manyresearchers have tackled and discussed. Early historical chronicles have beenanalyzed and

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Dashdemirova, T. "THE GREAT SILK ROAD: EMPOWERING AZERBAIJAN-GEORGIA ECONOMIC COOPERATION." Slovak international scientific journal, no. 76 (October 6, 2023): 3–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8414139.

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The Great Silk Road is a historical trade route that connected the East and the West, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and culture between different civilizations. This ancient network of trade routes played a significant role in shaping the economic landscape of many countries, including Azerbaijan and Georgia. This article explores the influence of the Great Silk Road on the economic cooperation between Azerbaijan and Georgia, highlighting the shared heritage, revival of trade routes, and the mutual benefits and growth resulting from this historical connection

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Zhang, Zhuo, and Kunyou Pan. "Analysis of Transportation Network Scheduling of Maritime Silk Road and International Digital Trade Potential Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm under Digital Trade Barriers." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (October 8, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7903376.

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The purpose is to improve the ship scheduling capability of the Maritime Silk Road transportation network and advance the international digital trade capabilities along China’s Maritime Silk Road. The optimization process of ship network scheduling based on a simulated annealing- (SA-) improved genetic algorithm (GA) is studied. Then, according to the time-varying stochastic frontier gravity model, the potential of international digital trade between China and the countries on the western route of the Maritime Silk Road is analyzed. The model is simulated and verified. The results reveal that

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Kurmanbayeva, Sh, and Zh Omirbekova. "Historical traces of the Great Silk Road in the national consciousness." Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Historical Sciences. Philosophy. Religion Series 140, no. 3 (2022): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7255-2022-140-3-39-58.

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The Great Silk Road ran for a long time between China and the Roman Empire from the 2nd century BC. to the 15th century AD and played an important role in the trade process between East and West. Trade caravans transported silk, paper, and bronze mirrors from China to the West, as well as carpets, tapestries, wool, and glassware from the West to China. Many other valuable things and precious stones, fragrant oils, and various material values of the East and West also came into the trade through this route. The Great Silk Road was not only a trade route but also an excellent platform for dial

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14

Bei, Chu Bei. "THE ROLE OF THE GREAT SILK ROAD AND THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHINESE AND CENTRAL ASIAN CIVILIZATIONS." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Fundamentals 4, no. 11 (2024): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/jsshrf-04-11-03.

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This article reveals the role of the Great Silk Road and the historical development of Chinese and Central Asian civilization. Including the role of the formation and development of the Great Silk Road in the history of China, in particular, the efforts to develop this trade route during the Qin, Han, Ming and Qing dynasties. ‎

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Maró, Zalán Márk, Attila Jámbor, and Áron Török. "Possible routes of the chinese new silk road - can the V4 countries benefit?" Review on Agriculture and Rural Development 8, no. 1-2 (2019): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/rard.2019.1-2.168-174.

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The Ancient Silk Road was created 2100 years ago during the Han Dynasty (I-II century BC) to promote trade between China and Europe. The road was more than 7,000 km long and served as a catalyst for development for many centuries. After the 15th century, the Silk Road – and, at the same time, China's dominant role – lost its significance due to geographical discoveries. The dramatic fall in technology and the cost of transportation has led to the Silk Road being forgotten today. The New Silk Road Initiative (also named ‘One Belt, One Road’ concept) has been China's greatest economic effo

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Tang, Chanh Tin, and Nguyen Huy Chinh Phan. "THE ROLE OF HOI AN TO THE MARITIME SILK ROAD (FROM THE FIRST HALF OF 16TH CENTURY TO THE SECOND HALF OF 18TH CENTURY)." UED Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Education 10, no. 2 (2020): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47393/jshe.v10i4.862.

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The Maritime Silk Road is considered the beginning of all international maritime trade routes, not only in terms of trade; the Maritime Silk Road is also the foundation for human discoveries and understanding about geography, nature, politics and society of many parts of the world. Thanks to its significantly geopolitical and geo-cultural position; from a very early age, Hoi An trading port (Vietnam) has participated and played an important role on this arterial route. This article will focus on clarifying the birth as well as the role of Hoi An to the Maritime Silk Road from) early 16th centu

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Li, Haixiang, and Weixian Xue. "Technical Level Assessment Method of Digital Silk Road Development Based on Intelligent Algorithm." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (August 12, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4101397.

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The construction of the Digital Silk Road is an inherent requirement for the Silk Road Economic Belt to break through the global trade barriers and build new international trade cooperation relations. In order to seek the organic integration of open and shared development and correctly deal with the relationship between regional economic and social development and resources and the environment, it is imperative to assess the development technology level of the Digital Silk Road. This paper simultaneously incorporates economic, energy, and environmental systems into the Digital Silk Road develo

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18

Xiaofen Qiu. "“Silk Road Economic Belt” in the Context of Relations Between China and Russia." RUDN Journal of Political Science, no. 3 (December 15, 2016): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2016-3-52-60.

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The establishment of “Silk Road Economic Belt” in China, the task to revive the historic trade route between Europe and Asia. In the process of this project, China and Russia have a broad space for cooperation. For example, in the field of trade and economic cooperation, cross-border infrastructure development and expansion of bilateral trade and investment, deepen financial cooperation, promote high-technology cooperation in the field of education, strengthen the Sino-Russian energy cooperation, expansion of industrial and agricultural cooperation. At the same time both sides consider the Rus

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19

Elchaninov, Anatoly. "On the Great Silk Road—the Ice Silk Road—the road of peace and economic cooperation." InterCarto. InterGIS 25, no. 2 (2019): 330–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2019-2-25-330-344.

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The project on the organization of trade relations between China and other countries arose in the second half of the II century BC. The caravan road connecting East Asia with the Mediterranean in the ancient time and to the Middle Ages was used, first of all, for export of silk from China. Therefore in 1877 the German geographer F.F. von Richtgofen called this route giving the chance for establishment of business contacts, cultural dialogue, promoting to mutual enrichment of large civilizations,—“A Silk Road”. By XV century the overland Silk Road fell into decay, sea trade and navigation began

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Ali, Venus. "The MOST IMPORTANT STRATEGIC WAYS AFFECTING The ABBASID STATE'S TRADE With OTHER COUNTRIES ) SILK ROAD As A MODEL)." Islamic Sciences Journal 10, no. 5 (2023): 259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jis.19.10.5.11.

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The Silk Road gained a good reputation and unprecedented fame, as a result of the goods known for its name, which was not only attracted the attention of merchants and travelers, but was the focus of attention of the caliphs, kings and kingdoms through which the convoys of multinational merchants were passing as it was not only a route for silk merchants, but was The Silk Road also played an important role in scientific and economic exchanges. Therefore, the Silk Road is not merely a geography, not a history, not merely an identity. This identity is united by difference, convergence and contra

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Pérez, Elena. "The Silk Road: Economic Exchange and Cultural Diffusion in Spain." International Journal of History Research 4, no. 2 (2024): 13–23. https://doi.org/10.47604/ijhr.2723.

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Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze the silk road: economic exchange and cultural diffusion in Spain. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The Silk Road facilitated significant economic exchange and cultural diffusi

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Alieva, Malika Alybekovna, Nargiza Beksultanovna Keldibaeva, and Aida Ibragimovna Ibragimova. "Epics on the Great Silk Road: the influence of agriculture on literature and culture." BIO Web of Conferences 83 (2024): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248306003.

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This article explores the intricate relationship between agriculture, literature, and culture along the Great Silk Road. The Silk Road, a historical network of trade routes that spanned from East Asia to the Mediterranean, served as a conduit for not only goods but also the exchange of ideas, stories, and artistic expressions. Focusing on the profound impact of agriculture on this epic journey, the study delves into how the cultivation of crops and the rural way of life influenced the development of literature and the formation of cultural identities along this ancient trade route. By examinin

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Shan, Yao, and Mohan Wu. "The Influence of Horses and Grass on the Formation and Development of Core Cities on the Silk Road." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 60, no. 1 (2024): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/60/20240417.

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The Silk Road has long attracted researchers from various fields, sparking their interest in ancient cities and the ancient route that connected civilizations. However, the role of horses and grass in the development of the Silk Road has been relatively understudied. This essay presents a novel perspective, revealing the significance of horses and grass in shaping the growth of nomadic cultures and their profound impact on the formation and development of cities along the Silk Road. Through an examination of Persepolis and Samarkand, this paper analyzes the intricate relationship between horse

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Huerta, Ricard. "Silk Road Museums: Design of Inclusive Heritage and Cross-Cultural Education." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 6020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116020.

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This work is the result of a study on the characteristics that define some of the museums created on the Silk Road. The approach to these museums has focused especially on the observation of the educational and heritage aspects that define these institutions. Since 1988, numerous actions related to the Silk Road have been promoted by UNESCO. This old trade route has now become a route of dialogue between cultures. Each museum studied is characterized by promoting local and national issues that define it. Educational issues stand out, since the tradition of silk production is very important in

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Niazai, Mastali, and Fayaz Gul Mazloum Yar. "The Silk Road and Afghanistan: A Nexus of Trade, Culture, and Geopolitical Exchange." Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies 5, no. 2 (2025): 2913–19. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v5i2.50872.

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This article examines Afghanistan's role in the Silk Road and its impact on the country's historical, cultural, economic, and geographical transformations. Due to its strategic geographical position in the heart of Asia, Afghanistan has historically served as a bridge connecting various civilizations of the East and West. This role has allowed Afghanistan to experience extensive commercial and cultural influences from the Silk Road. This review article analyzes the historical, cultural, and economic impacts of the Silk Road on Afghanistan and assesses the country’s role as a strategic hub in t

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Sobiecki, Roman. "Where does the New Silk Road lead to?" Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie 43, no. 2 (2017): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.4673.

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The New Silk Road is a Chinese project of a new trade route connecting Asia with Europe.The scale and costs of this infrastructural investment arouse admiration, but at the same time also anxiety related to the economic expansion of China and its effects on the political sphere. The essay is the voice in the currently ongoing discussion on this matter.

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Kim, German. "A cross-cultural perspective on ornamental serpentine patterns along the Great Silk Road." Kulturní studia 2024, no. 2 (2024): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/ks.2024.230202.

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This article explores the Silk Road, one of history’s most significant trade networks that bridged China and the West. The route fostered a vibrant cultural exchange, visible in the art and ornamental patterns that developed along its path. This study provides a cross-cultural perspective on ornamentation within the Great Steppe, particularly focusing on Kazakh baskur—a decorative band traditionally used in nomadic dwellings. Examining the symbolic and functional roles of baskur, the paper highlights both its artistic legacy and its broader cultural impact across the Silk Road region.

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Wei, Chen. "The Supporting Skills of the Mongolia-Xinjiang Silk Tea Camel Road: with the Travel Notes of O. Lattimore as the Core." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 2, no. 52 (2025): 215–32. https://doi.org/10.24852/pa2025.2.52.215.232.

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With focusing on the travel notes of American Orientalist Owen Lattimore on the Mongolian-Xinjiang Camel Road from 1926 to 1927, this paper explores the practical skills and knowledge system on this branch of the Silk Road in early modern times. Through a detailed study of camel caravans' choices of transportation, organization and division of labor in caravans, travel equipment and security maintaining, seasonality and route selection, supply and medical care, logistics management, market transactions, currency adaptation, and the collection and transmission of business travel information, th

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Kenzhaev, Sardor N. "FROM THE HISTORY OF COMMERCIAL RELATIONS IN THE STATE OF AMIR TEMUR AND THE CHINESE (MIN) EMPIRE." JOURNAL OF LOOK TO THE PAST 4, no. 10 (2021): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9599-2021-10-8.

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This article discusses trade relations with China during the reign of Amir Temur, a blow to the northern trade route bypassing the people of the Chigatay ulus and the wider participation of southern cities in world trade and economic relations between the state of Amir Temur and the Chinese (Minsk) dynasty, relations were carried out in mainly through East Turkestan, the trade routes passing through this region and the characteristics of the roads were analyzed. Also, a comparative analysis of historical literature data highlights the main trade products related to the value of silk, tea, porc

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Doszhanova, Akmaral Ivanovna. "Religion and the Great Silk Road: means of communication, contours of interaction, trade." Uchenyy Sovet (Academic Council), no. 4 (March 23, 2022): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-02-2204-01.

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The article discusses the historical aspects of the functioning of the Great Silk Road from the point of view of the formation of world religions. The study of the formation of world religions is impossible without taking into account the study of the Great Silk Road as one of the factors of their spread. Religious topics themselves are quite difficult for objective scientific research, however, without the appropriate knowledge, religion today is perceived as a factor of fundamentalism that carries a potential danger. This perspective today dominates the mass consciousness and complicates the

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Eminova, Mirvari A. "TRADE RELATIONS OF AZERBAIJAN WITH RUSSIA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 18TH CENTURY." History and Archives 5, no. 1 (2023): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-6541-2023-5-1-63-78.

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The article mitropolitan the influence of changes in the region caused by the great geographical discoveries and of the development of capitalist relations during the late Middle Ages on the foreign trade relations of Azerbaijan, and, first of all, on the nature and scope of the Azerbaijan-Russia economic relations carried out through the Volga-Caspian transit trade route. The article shows that Russian Tsar Peter I, taking advantage of the new situation in the region due to the loss of the importance of the “Great Silk Road” and the deep decline of the Safavid state bigan strengthening Russia

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Boiko, I. V. "Eurasian Civilization in the Context of the Great Silk Road Logistics." EURASIAN INTEGRATION: economics, law, politics 14, no. 2 (2021): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2021-02-40-48.

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The significance of the Great Silk Road is interesting not only by its history, but by the knowledge, required for the better understanding of the current economic and political realities as well. The introduction of the new insights into the essence of the Eurasian trade route, its emergence and destruction studied under the projection on the contemporary processes, undermining the global supply chain represents the main idea of the given research. In the article, the Great Silk Road is represented in the logistics framework: generation of the freight flows, peculiarity of their material comp

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M.S., Abdullaev. "PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE GREAT SILK ROAD IN THE GEOPOLITICAL REGION OF CENTRAL ASIA." Journal of Geography, Regional Planning and Development 2, no. 2 (2025): 34–38. https://doi.org/10.61796/jgrpd.v2i2.1303.

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Objective: This article examines the challenges and opportunities involved in revitalizing the Great Silk Road within the geopolitical context of Central Asia, focusing on its potential to enhance regional connectivity, economic development, and cultural exchange. Method: Employing a qualitative historical and geopolitical analysis, the study synthesizes archival records, policy documents, and international cooperation initiatives, such as UNESCO programs and the TRACECA corridor, to assess the strategic significance of Silk Road restoration. Results: Findings reveal that despite Central Asia’

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Zhu, Zerui. "The Early Function of Han Silk Road." Communications in Humanities Research 70, no. 1 (2025): 89–92. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/2024.23629.

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This paper explores the early strategic functions of the Silk Road during the Han dynasty, specifically its role in undermining the Xiongnu Empire. Through primary sources like the Hanshu and Shiji, the study analyzes how Emperor Wudi leveraged diplomatic missions led by Zhang Qian to forge alliances with Central Asian states. Contrary to the common belief that the Silk Road was primarily for trade, this research highlights its original purpose as a diplomatic and military tool aimed at dividing and weakening the Xiongnu's influence. The findings demonstrate that the Han dynasty's deployment o

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Ma, Mingxin, and Jing Liang. "Research on the connectivity of port infrastructure along the 21^st Century Maritime Silk Road." SHS Web of Conferences 192 (2024): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202419201009.

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The connectivity construction of the Maritime Silk Road in the 21st century has created more opportunities for trade and further promoted maritime trade among countries along the route. As an important hub of the maritime connectivity network, the construction of port infrastructure connectivity is of great significance. Taking the port infrastructure of 30 countries along the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road as an example, this paper analyzes the current state of port connectivity construction in China. It identifies that the port infrastructure connectivity between China and Southeast Asia is

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Yar, Fayaz Gul Mazloum, and Mastali Niazai. "The Silk Road and Afghanistan: A Nexus of Trade, Culture, and Geopolitical Exchange." Edunity Kajian Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan 4, no. 2 (2025): 92–103. https://doi.org/10.57096/edunity.v4i2.373.

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This article examines Afghanistan's role in the Silk Road and its impact on the country's historical, cultural, economic, and geographical transformations. Due to its strategic geographical position in the heart of Asia, Afghanistan has historically served as a bridge connecting various civilizations of the East and West. This role has allowed Afghanistan to experience extensive commercial and cultural influences from the Silk Road. This review article analyzes the historical, cultural, and economic impacts of the Silk Road on Afghanistan and assesses the country’s role as a strategic hub in t

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Sarsenbayev, A. B. "Cultural and economic relations of the Turks with the Sogdians in the Middle Ages (VI–VIII centuries)." Bulletin of the Karaganda university History.Philosophy series 105, no. 1 (2022): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022hph1/155-163.

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The Great Silk Road is one of the most significant achievements in the history of world civilization. An extensive system of caravan routes crossed Europe and Asia from the Mediterranean to China and in Ancient times and in the middle Ages, served as an important means of trade and communication between Western and Eastern cultures. The longest route passed through Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Since the appearance of the Great Silk Road trade caravans passing through the modern land of the Kazakh people have had a great impact on the development of urban culture. One of the points of view is t

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Singh, Kanwal Deepinder Pal. "Strength and Challenges of OBOR Initiative: Indian Perspective." Journal of National Law University Delhi 6, no. 1 (2019): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277401719857865.

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The One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative of China is an attempt to ‘remake’ or recreate the ancient Silk Road or Silk Route, symbolising not only trade network but more importantly cultural interaction. It is an ambitious Eurasian strategy with large financial support, which aims to draw linkages from China to various regions of the world. The connectivity and cooperation presented by China between itself and the rest of Eurasia has two main components: the land-based ‘Silk Road Economic Belt’ (SREB) and ocean-going ‘Maritime Silk Road’ (MSR). The ‘Belt’ includes countries geographically situat

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Dadabaev, Timur. "“Silk Road” as foreign policy discourse: The construction of Chinese, Japanese and Korean engagement strategies in Central Asia." Journal of Eurasian Studies 9, no. 1 (2018): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euras.2017.12.003.

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Through analysis of the evolution of the Japanese, Chinese and South Korean narratives of the Silk Road, this paper argues that the content and the nature of these Silk Road strategies changed with time and the international environment. Thus, this paper claims that, the notion of the Silk Road has changed from a static concept of a historical trade route into a product of social construction of a number of powerful states – strategies that are constantly shaped, imagined and re-interpreted. In this sense, the Silk Road is not a foreign policy doctrine but rather a discursive strategy of engag

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Babajanyan, Astghik, and Kathryn Franklin. "Everyday life on the medieval Silk Road: VDSRS excavations at Arpa, Armenia." ARAMAZD: Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies 12, no. 1 (2018): 155–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/ajnes.v12i1.898.

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The contemporary term ‘Silk Road’ refers to multiple centuries of movement, exchange and mutual development that tied together the cities, towns and route networks of Eurasia. During the high and late medieval periods (12th -15th centuries AD), the routes of the ‘Silk Road’ linked cities in China to the Mediterranean, passing through Central Asia and the Caucasus. The phenomenon of the medieval Silk Road is important for historical narratives within the Republic of Armenia: longstanding models of the rise of cities and kingdoms in Armenia argue that settlements such as Dvin and Ani, were linke

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Cai, Junxian, and Lehua Chen. "Study on the Impact of Cross-border E-commerce Development on China's Export Trade in “Silk Road E-commerce” Trading Partner Countries." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 19, no. 2 (2025): 273–76. https://doi.org/10.54097/n4h16m78.

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In the context of globalization and digitalization, cross-border e-commerce has developed rapidly and become an important driving force for international trade. The “Silk Road E-commerce” cooperation under the “Belt and Road” initiative has brought new opportunities for trade between China and the countries along the route. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of cross-border e-commerce development of trading partner countries on China's import and export trade, by sorting out the development history and status quo, constructing an evaluation system, empirically analyzing the impac

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Gawlikowski, Michał. "The Indian trade between the Gulf and the Red Sea." Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26, no. 2 (2018): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1818.

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This essay evaluates the relative importance of the maritime trade between the Roman Empire and India along two routes that were in use: one started and ended on the Egyptian shore of the Red Sea, the other at the head of the Gulf. Both continued on land along caravan tracks to the Nile valley or through the Syrian desert to Palmyra. The latter land route, longer and presumably more cost-consuming, was used only during the 1st to 3rd centuries AD. The land link with the Far East, the so-called Silk Road, does not seem to have been regularly used. A document from Palmyra allows to estimate the

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DIRIOZ, Ali Oguz. "AN ENERGY-FOCUSED ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY ROUTE TO THE SILK ROAD." Eurasian Research Journal 4, no. 2 (2022): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.53277/2519-2442-2022.2-01.

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A route, via ships and underwater electric connectors established across the Caspian Sea, could enable goods from Central Asia to be transported to Turkey and through Turkey to other markets. Natural gas-rich countries could transport gas to European markets via this route by converting their natural gas into LNG. In cases where building LNG installations would be uneconomical, they can export energy directly, by conveying gas-generated electricity via underwater electric connectors across the Caspian Sea or by electricity-generating power ships. With the transformation of this route into a ne

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Liang, Ding. "The Influence of the Grassland Silk Road on the Porcelain Styles of the Yuan Dynasty during the Mongol-Yuan Period." Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 18, no. 3 (2022): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2022-18-3-47-51.

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Mongol-Yuan period was a special time in Chinese history, with a vast territory and prosperous trade and culture. On the basis of inheriting the nomadic culture of all dynasties, the Yuan Dynasty created a larger range of cultural exchange and dissemination. Among China's Silk Roads, the Grassland Silk Road started the earliest, has the longest history, spans the longest and covers the widest area. The Grassland Silk Road has not only spread Chinese culture to the world, but also an important way to introduced foreign culture, especially the Islamic civilization through this way introduced int

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Mavidkhaan Baasandulam. "“ECONOMIC BELT OF THE SILK ROAD”: NEW OPPORTUNITIES AND PROSPECTS FOR MONGOLIA." International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Economy, no. 6(26) (November 30, 2019): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ijite/30112019/6797.

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    Earth is continents, seas, the developing countries, the developed countries, the centers and the borders is the One Belt-One Road initiative. On the other hand, the Sea “Silk Road” is called the “Economic Belt of the Silk Road” as a way of “New Belt and Road” for China's new long-term development strategy. "Silk Road" refers to the ancient land-based commercial trade route that originated in ancient China and connected to Asia, Africa and Europe.In order to benefit from the “Economic Belt of the Silk Road” initiative, China has partnered with other Asian countries

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Bisland, Beverly Milner (Lee). "Geographic Perspectives with Elementary Students: The Silk Road." Social Studies Research and Practice 2, no. 2 (2007): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-02-2007-b0005.

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The Silk Road is a source of fact and myth. Stretching from Western China to the Middle East, it crossed forbidding deserts and rugged mountains. In this study, students consider the geography and climate of the region crossed by the silk routes and determine the best route a caravan would take across this region one thousand years ago. The study’s lesson serves as an introduction to the history of the region and the trade routes that crisscrossed it. Students make the same decisions about travel routes that ancient peoples made. The study’s purpose is to determine how elementary students thin

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Modebadze, Valeri. "Geopolitical Function and Purpose of the Middle Corridor: Transcontinental Trade-economic Corridor Between Europe and Asia." Works of Georgian Technical University, no. 3(533) (September 26, 2024): 295–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2024-3-295-307.

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Trade and commercial activities between Europe and Asia can be carried out through three main routes: The Northern Corridor, the Southern Corridor and the Middle Corridor. The Northern Corridor passes through Russian territory, while the Southern Corridor is a sea route that connects China to Europe. The Middle Corridor is a newer route that follows the old Silk Road and crosses the Central Asian Republics, the Caucasus and Turkey. The study aimed to analyze the geopolitical role of the Middle Corridor, particularly following the onset of the Ukraine war. Research findings indicated that the s

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Górski, Grzegorz, and Joanna Górska-Szymczak. "Central and Eastern Europe as Partner of Chinese One Belt One Road Project." Confrontation and Cooperation: 1000 Years of Polish-German-Russian Relations 4, no. 1 (2018): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/conc-2018-0003.

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Abstract The Chinese One Belt One Road initiative refers to the idea of the so-called New Silk Road. This ancient trade route connected Asia’s Far East with Europe from the earliest times. In various historical periods, this way of trade has often been interrupted by violent events and rivalry of hegemons that are changing in this huge space. The current OBOR project assumes an important role of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. It is an area that includes a large number of countries interested in intensifying cooperation with China and Asian countries. However, the implementation o

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Baltabayeva, A. Yu, A. Abubakirova, and А. О. Syzdykova. "IMPORTANCE OF THE SILK ROAD AND THE SILK ROAD ECONOMIC BELT PROJECT." BULLETIN 389, no. 1 (2021): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1467.13.

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The interaction of different political, economic, historical and cultural dynamics of societies play an important role in the emergence of civilizations. The interaction of these dynamics with each other was realized by means of transportation due to reasons such as trade, migration, war, diplomacy. Transportation routes have been the most important element that provides the relationship of space between people and societies through the means that have developed in the historical process. The factor that makes the transportation route valuable and lasting depends on its geopolitical and geostr

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Simic, Jasminka. "The economic belt of the new silk road: Chinese breakthrough in the west or a response to Asian challenges." Medjunarodni problemi 67, no. 2-3 (2015): 196–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1503196s.

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The paper analyses how the Chinese project of establishing the Economic Belt of the New Silk Road challenges newly formed Eurasian Economic Union, with Russia as the leading force, as well as the North-American and Pacific trade network, dominated by the U.S. The author discusses how the overlapping responsibilities and influence of these regional economic groups may affect their complementarities and competitiveness on the world market, and how they may impact the future course of international relations. The Economic Belt is aimed at creating and strengthening economic, transport, human and

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