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1

Volyar, Alexander, Eugeny Abramochkin, Yana Akimova, and Mikhail Bretsko. "Astigmatic-Invariant Structured Singular Beams." Photonics 9, no. 11 (2022): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9110842.

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We investigate the transformation of structured Laguerre–Gaussian (sLG) beams after passing through a cylindrical lens. The resulting beam, ab astigmatic structured Laguerre–Gaussian (asLG) beam, depends on quantum numbers (n,ℓ) and three parameters. Two of them are control parameters of the initial sLG beam, the amplitude ϵ and phase θ. The third one is the ratio of the Rayleigh length z0 and the focal length f of the cylindrical lens. It was theoretically revealed and experimentally confirmed that the asLG beam keeps the intensity shape of the initial sLG beam when the parameters satisfy sim
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2

Plachenov, A. B., V. N. Kudashov, and A. M. Radin. "Simple formula for a Gaussian beam with general astigmatism in a homogeneous medium." Optics and Spectroscopy 106, no. 6 (2009): 910–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x09060204.

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3

Repasky, K. S., J. K. Brasseur, J. G. Wessel, and J. L. Carlsten. "Correcting an astigmatic, non-Gaussian beam." Applied Optics 36, no. 7 (1997): 1536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.36.001536.

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4

Vinogradov, D. V. "Mirror conversion of gaussian beams with simple astigmatism." International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves 16, no. 11 (1995): 1945–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02072550.

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5

Tuvi, Ram, and Timor Melamed. "Astigmatic Gaussian Beam Scattering by a PEC Wedge." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 67, no. 11 (2019): 7014–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2019.2925928.

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6

Bilger, Hans R., and Taufiq Habib. "Knife-edge scanning of an astigmatic Gaussian beam." Applied Optics 24, no. 5 (1985): 686. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.24.000686.

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7

Huang, Yong-Liang, and Chi-Kuang Sun. "Z-scan measurement with an astigmatic Gaussian beam." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 17, no. 1 (2000): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.17.000043.

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8

Kotlyar, V. V., A. A. Kovalev, and A. P. Porfirev. "ORBITAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM OF AN ASTIGMATIC HERMITE-GAUSSIAN BEAM." Computer Optics 42, no. 1 (2018): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-2018-42-1-13-21.

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An explicit formula for the normalized orbital angular momentum (OAM) of an elliptical Hermite-Gaussian (HG) beam of orders (0, n) focused by a cylindrical lens is obtained. In modulus, this OAM can be both greater and smaller than n. If the cylindrical lens focuses not an elliptical, but a conventional HG beam, the latter will also have an OAM that can be both larger and smaller in modulus than that of an elliptical HG beam. For n = 0, this beam converts to an astigmatic Gaussian beam, but, as before, it will still have OAM. With the help of two interferograms, a phase of the astigmatic Gauss
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9

Zhu, Kaicheng, Chang Gao, Jiahui Li, Dengjuan Ren, and Jie Zhu. "Propagations of Sin-Gaussian Beam with Astigmatism through Oceanic Turbulence." E3S Web of Conferences 299 (2021): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129903013.

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The propagation behaviours of a sin-Gaussian beam (SiGB) with astigmatism in oceanic water is analysed. The analytical expressions for the average intensity of such a beam are derived by using the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral. Its average intensity and on-axial intensity distributions in oceanic water are numerically examined. Then, we mainly focus on the effect of the beam parameters and the medium structure constant on the propagation behaviours for the astigmatic SiGBs in oceanic water, revealing that the evolutions of the intensity distributions can be effectively modulated by adjusti
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10

Kotlyar, V. V., A. A. Kovalev, and A. P. Porfirev. "Measurement of the orbital angular momentum of an astigmatic Hermite–Gaussian beam." Computer Optics 43, no. 3 (2019): 356–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-2019-43-3-356-367.

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Here we study three different types of astigmatic Gaussian beams, whose complex amplitude in the Fresnel diffraction zone is described by the complex argument Hermite polynomial of the order (n, 0). The first type is a circularly symmetric Gaussian optical vortex with and a topological charge n after passing through a cylindrical lens. On propagation, the optical vortex "splits" into n first-order optical vortices. Its orbital angular momentum per photon is equal to n. The second type is an elliptical Gaussian optical vortex with a topological charge n after passing through a cylindrical lens.
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11

Zhu, Kaicheng, Xiaolei Ma, Chang Gao, Dengjuan Ren, and Jie Zhu. "Propagation Properties of an Astigmatic Cos-Gaussian Beam through Turbulent Atmosphere." E3S Web of Conferences 299 (2021): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129902003.

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We use the extended Huygens-Fresnel integral to investigate the propagation properties of a cos-Gaussian beam (cosGB) with astigmatism in atmospheric turbulence. The intensity distribution behaviour along the propagation distance for an astigmatic cosGB in atmospheric turbulence are analytically and numerically demonstrated. Some novel phenomena are presented graphically, indicating that the intensity distribution and the on-axial intensity closely depend on the astigmatic parameter and the turbulent structure constant of the cosGBs in the atmospheric turbulence.
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12

Kotlyar, V. V., and A. A. Kovalev. "ORBITAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM OF AN ASTIGMATIC GAUSSIAN LASER BEAM." Computer Optics 41, no. 5 (2017): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-2017-41-5-609-616.

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13

L�, Baida, Guoying Feng, and Bangwei Cai. "Complex ray representation of the astigmatic Gaussian beam propagation." Optical and Quantum Electronics 25, no. 4 (1993): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00419005.

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14

Zhu, Kaicheng, Jie Zhu, Qin Su, and Huiqin Tang. "Propagation Property of an Astigmatic sin–Gaussian Beam in a Strongly Nonlocal Nonlinear Media." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010071.

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Based on the Snyder and Mitchell model, a closed-form propagation expression of astigmatic sin-Gaussian beams through strongly nonlocal nonlinear media (SNNM) is derived. The evolutions of the intensity distributions and the corresponding wave front dislocations are discussed analytically and numerically. It is generally proved that the light field distribution varies periodically with the propagation distance. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the astigmatism and edge dislocation nested in the initial sin-Gaussian beams greatly influence the pattern configurations and phase singularities d
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15

Li, Chang Wei, Xiao Ping Kang, and Zhong He. "Changes in the Beam Parameters of Partially Coherent Sinh-Gaussian Beams after Passage through an Astigmatic Lens." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.434.

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Based on the propagation law of partially coherent beams, the analytical expression of the beam width, waist positions and the far-field divergence angle of partially coherent sinh-Gaussian (ShG) beams through an astigmatic lens were derived. The effect of astigmatism and spatial coherence parameter on the beam parameters was mainly analyzed. It is found that the beam width depends on the astigmatic coefficient, spatial coherence parameter, decentered parameter, fresnel number and propagation distance in general. The astigmatism results in a difference between the beam widths, waist positions
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16

Zeng-Hui, Gao, and Lü Bai-Da. "Off-Axis Astigmatic Gaussian Beam Combination Beyond the Paraxial Approximation." Chinese Physics Letters 24, no. 9 (2007): 2575–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/24/9/031.

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17

Tao, Shishi, Jiayun Xue, Jiewei Guo, et al. "Investigation of Focusing Properties on Astigmatic Gaussian Beams in Nonlinear Medium." Sensors 22, no. 18 (2022): 6981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22186981.

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Ultra-short laser filamentation has been intensively studied due to its unique optical properties for applications in the field of remote sensing and detection. Although significant progress has been made, the quality of the laser beam still suffers from various optical aberrations during long-range transmission. Astigmatism is a typical off-axis aberration that is often encountered in the off-axis optical systems. An effective method needs to be proposed to suppress the astigmatism of the beam during filamentation. Herein, we numerically investigated the impact of the nonlinear effects on the
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18

Greffet, Jean-Jacques, and Christophe Baylard. "Nonspecular astigmatic reflection of a 3D gaussian beam on an interface." Optics Communications 93, no. 5-6 (1992): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(92)90184-s.

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19

Kotlyar, V. V., A. A. Kovalev, and A. G. Nalimov. "Astigmatic transformation of a set of edge dislocations embedded in a Gaussian beam." Computer Optics 45, no. 2 (2021): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-co-849.

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It is theoretically shown how a Gaussian beam with a finite number of parallel lines of intensity nulls (edge dislocations) is transformed using a cylindrical lens into a vortex beam that carries orbital angular momentum (OAM) and has a topological charge (TC). In the initial plane, this beam already carries OAM, but does not have TC, which appears as the beam propagates further in free space. Using an example of two parallel lines of intensity nulls symmetrically located relative to the origin, we show the dynamics of the formation of two intensity nulls at the double focal length: as the dis
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20

Bilger, H. R. "Power transfer of an astigmatic Gaussian beam to a stigmatic optical system." Applied Optics 28, no. 11 (1989): 1971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.28.001971.

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21

Bayraktar, Mert. "Average intensity of astigmatic hyperbolic sinusoidal Gaussian beam propagating in oceanic turbulence." Physica Scripta 96, no. 2 (2020): 025501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/abce36.

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22

Zhong, Yuan-Hong, Jin Li, Yao Zhou, and Qi-Lun Lei. "Electromagnetic Resonance of Astigmatic Gaussian Beam to the High Frequency Gravitational Waves." Chinese Physics Letters 33, no. 10 (2016): 100402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/33/10/100402.

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23

Liu Xiao-Li, Feng Guo-Ying, Li Wei, Tang Chun, and Zhou Shou-Huan. "Theoretical and experimental study on M2 factor matrix for astigmatic elliptical Gaussian beam." Acta Physica Sinica 62, no. 19 (2013): 194202. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.62.194202.

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24

Zhu Jie, 朱洁, and 唐慧琴 Tang Huiqin. "Focusing Sinh-Gaussian Beams Using Astigmatic Lens and Generation of Dark Hollow Beam." Acta Optica Sinica 36, no. 10 (2016): 1005001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos201636.1005001.

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25

Verrier, Nicolas, Sébastien Coëtmellec, Marc Brunel, Denis Lebrun, and Augustus J. E. M. Janssen. "Digital in-line holography with an elliptical, astigmatic Gaussian beam: wide-angle reconstruction." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 25, no. 6 (2008): 1459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.25.001459.

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26

Yuan, Y. J., K. F. Ren, S. Coëtmellec, and D. Lebrun. "Rigorous description of holograms of particles illuminated by an astigmatic elliptical Gaussian beam." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 147 (February 1, 2009): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/147/1/012052.

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27

Yang, Zhen-Feng, Xue-Song Jiang, Zhen-Jun Yang, Jian-Xing Li, and Shu-Min Zhang. "Beam width evolution of astigmatic hollow Gaussian beams in highly nonlocal nonlinear media." Results in Physics 6 (2016): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2016.03.007.

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28

Bucker, Homer. "Simple 3‐D Gaussian beam propagation model." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, no. 4 (1991): 2372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.402093.

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29

Melnikov, L. A., V. L. Derbov, and A. I. Bychenkov. "Dynamics of a misaligned astigmatic twisted Gaussian beam in a Kerr-nonlinear parabolic waveguide." Physical Review E 60, no. 6 (1999): 7490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreve.60.7490.

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30

Tari, T., and P. Richter. "Correction of astigmatism and ellipticity of an astigmatic Gaussian laser beam by symmetrical lenses." Optical and Quantum Electronics 24, no. 9 (1992): S865—S872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01588591.

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31

Kochkina, Evgenia, Gudrun Wanner, Dennis Schmelzer, Michael Tröbs, and Gerhard Heinzel. "Modeling of the general astigmatic Gaussian beam and its propagation through 3D optical systems." Applied Optics 52, no. 24 (2013): 6030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.52.006030.

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32

Zhu, Jie, Kaicheng Zhu, Huiqin Tang, and Hui Xia. "Average intensity and spreading of an astigmatic sinh-Gaussian beam with small beam width propagating in atmospheric turbulence." Journal of Modern Optics 64, no. 18 (2017): 1915–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340.2017.1326638.

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33

Lu, Shi-Zhuan, Kai-Ming You, Deng-Yu Zhang, and Feng Gao. "Investigation of astigmatic Gaussian beam Z scan with simultaneous third- and fifth-order nonlinear refraction." Optik 123, no. 8 (2012): 744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2011.06.035.

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34

Savchenko, E. V., O. A. Yevtikhieva, and B. S. Rinkevicius. "Determination of the parameters of an astigmatic Gaussian beam in problems of laser gradient refractometry." Measurement Techniques 50, no. 4 (2007): 390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11018-007-0080-9.

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35

Laptev, Alexei V., Gleb V. Kuptsov, Vladimir A. Petrov, and Victor V. Petrov. "ASTIGMATISM COMPENSATION IN BLOCK OF TEMPORAL BROADENING OF PULSE FOR PUMP CHANNEL OF HIGH POWER LASER SYSTEM." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 25, no. 4 (2020): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2020-25-4-205-212.

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A high peak and high average power femtosecond laser system based on media doped with Yb3+ ions is being developed at the Institute of Laser Physics of the SB RAS. For efficient laser amplification and to avoid optical damage is actually to compensate wave front distortion caused by grating astigmatism in pump channel. Based on theory of propagation of gaussian beam in space and through optical elements the calculation of optimal parameters of two lenses telescope and comparison with experimental data has been performed. The obtained results can be used for decrease of astigmatic effect on bea
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36

Rohani, A., A. A. Shishegar, and S. Safavi-Naeini. "A fast Gaussian beam tracing method for reflection and refraction of general vectorial astigmatic Gaussian beams from general curved surfaces." Optics Communications 232, no. 1-6 (2004): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2003.11.044.

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37

Nemes, G., and A. E. Siegman. "Measurement of all ten second-order moments of an astigmatic beam by the use of rotating simple astigmatic (anamorphic) optics." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 11, no. 8 (1994): 2257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.11.002257.

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38

Kovalev, A. A. "Optical vortices with an infinite number of screw dislocations." Computer Optics 45, no. 4 (2021): 497–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-co-866.

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In optical data transmission with using vortex laser beams, data can be encoded by the topological charge, which is theoretically unlimited. However, the topological charge of a single separate vortex (screw dislocation) is limited by possibilities of its generating. Therefore, we investigate here three examples of multivortex Gaussian light fields (two beams are form-invariant and one beam is astigmatic) with an unbounded (countable) set of screw dislocations. As a result, such fields have an infinite topological charge. The first beam has the complex amplitude of the Gaussian beam, but multi
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39

Kovalev, A. A. "Optical vortices with an infinite number of screw dislocations." Computer Optics 45, no. 4 (2021): 497–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/10.18287/2412-6179-co-866.

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In optical data transmission with using vortex laser beams, data can be encoded by the topological charge, which is theoretically unlimited. However, the topological charge of a single separate vortex (screw dislocation) is limited by possibilities of its generating. Therefore, we investigate here three examples of multivortex Gaussian light fields (two beams are form-invariant and one beam is astigmatic) with an unbounded (countable) set of screw dislocations. As a result, such fields have an infinite topological charge. The first beam has the complex amplitude of the Gaussian beam, but multi
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40

Nicolas, F., A. J. E. M. Janssen, S. Coëtmellec, M. Brunel, D. Allano, and D. Lebrun. "Application of the fractional Fourier transformation to digital holography recorded by an elliptical, astigmatic Gaussian beam." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 22, no. 11 (2005): 2569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.22.002569.

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41

Volyar, A. V., E. G. Abramochkin, Yu Egorov, M. Bretsko, and Ya Akimova. "Digital sorting of Hermite-Gauss beams: mode spectra and topological charge of a perturbed Laguerre-Gauss beam." Computer Optics 44, no. 4 (2020): 501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-co-747.

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We developed and implemented an intensity moments technique for measuring amplitude and initial phase spectra, the topological charge (TC) and orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the Laguerre-Gauss (LG) beams decomposed into the basis of Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes. A rigorous theoretical justification is given for measuring the TC of unperturbed LG beams with different values of radial and azimuthal numbers by means of an astigmatic transformation on a cylindrical lens. We have shown that the measured amplitude and phase spectra of the HG modes make it possible to find the orbital OAM and TC, a
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42

Khonina, Svetlana Nikolaevna, Nikolay Lvovich Kazanskiy, Sergey Vladimirovich Karpeev, and Muhammad Ali Butt. "Bessel Beam: Significance and Applications—A Progressive Review." Micromachines 11, no. 11 (2020): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11110997.

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Diffraction is a phenomenon related to the wave nature of light and arises when a propagating wave comes across an obstacle. Consequently, the wave can be transformed in amplitude or phase and diffraction occurs. Those parts of the wavefront avoiding an obstacle form a diffraction pattern after interfering with each other. In this review paper, we have discussed the topic of non-diffractive beams, explicitly Bessel beams. Such beams provide some resistance to diffraction and hence are hypothetically a phenomenal alternate to Gaussian beams in several circumstances. Several outstanding applicat
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43

Thirunavukkarasu, G., M. Mousley, M. Babiker, and J. Yuan. "Normal modes and mode transformation of pure electron vortex beams." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2087 (2017): 20150438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0438.

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Electron vortex beams constitute the first class of matter vortex beams which are currently routinely produced in the laboratory. Here, we briefly review the progress of this nascent field and put forward a natural quantum basis set which we show is suitable for the description of electron vortex beams. The normal modes are truncated Bessel beams (TBBs) defined in the aperture plane or the Fourier transform of the transverse structure of the TBBs (FT-TBBs) in the focal plane of a lens with the said aperture. As these modes are eigenfunctions of the axial orbital angular momentum operator, they
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44

Raman, Swati, Nandan S. Bisht, B. K. Yadav, R. Mehrotra, M. Husain, and H. C. Kandpal. "Experimental observation of the effect of astigmatic aperture lens on the spectral switches of polychromatic Gaussian beam." Journal of Modern Optics 55, no. 10 (2008): 1629–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340701750941.

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45

Wu, You, Zejia Lin, Chuangjie Xu, et al. "Off‐Axis and Multi Optical Bottles from the Ring Airy Gaussian Vortex Beam with the Astigmatic Phase." Annalen der Physik 532, no. 7 (2020): 2000188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.202000188.

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46

Kallmann, Ulrich, Michael Lootze, and Ulrich Mescheder. "Simulative and Experimental Characterization of an Adaptive Astigmatic Membrane Mirror." Micromachines 12, no. 2 (2021): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12020156.

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Adaptive optical (AO) components play an important role in numerous optical applications, from astronomical telescopes to microscope imaging systems. For most of these AO components, the induced wavefront correction, respectively added optical power, is based on a rotationally symmetric or segmented design of the AO component. In this work, we report on the design, fabrication, and characterization of a micro-electronic-mechanical system (MEMS) adaptive membrane mirror in the shape of a parabolic cylinder. In order to interpret the experimental characterization results correctly and provide a
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47

Zhao Gui-Yan, Zhang Yi-Xin, Wang Jian-Yu, and Jia Jian-Jun. "Defocus and astigmatic aberration of the turbulent atmosphere and the intensity distribution of a vortex carrying Gaussian beam." Acta Physica Sinica 59, no. 2 (2010): 1378. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.59.1378.

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48

Cai, Yangjian, Q. Lin, H. T. Eyyuboğlu, and Y. Baykal. "Generalized tensor ABCD law for an elliptical Gaussian beam passing through an astigmatic optical system in turbulent atmosphere." Applied Physics B 94, no. 2 (2008): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-008-3339-1.

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49

Al-Saidi, I. A. "Using a simple method: conversion of a Gaussian laser beam into a uniform beam." Optics & Laser Technology 33, no. 2 (2001): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-3992(00)00113-4.

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50

Zhu, Tianfei, Samuel H. Gray, and Daoliu Wang. "Prestack Gaussian-beam depth migration in anisotropic media." GEOPHYSICS 72, no. 3 (2007): S133—S138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2711423.

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Gaussian-beam depth migration is a useful alternative to Kirchhoff and wave-equation migrations. It overcomes the limitations of Kirchhoff migration in imaging multipathing arrivals, while retaining its efficiency and its capability of imaging steep dips with turning waves. Extension of this migration method to anisotropic media has, however, been hampered by the difficulties in traditional kinematic and dynamic ray-tracing systems in inhomogeneous, anisotropic media. Formulated in terms of elastic parameters, the traditional anisotropic ray-tracing systems aredifficult to implement and ineffi
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