Academic literature on the topic 'Simpson’s index'
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Journal articles on the topic "Simpson’s index"
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OLUWATOBI, Ayodele Samuel, and Kehinde Stephen OLORUNMAIYE. "Weed Species Distribution of Juvenile Oil Palm Tree (Elaeis guineensis) Intercropped with Maize (Zea mays), Okra (Abelmoshus esculentus) and Pepper (Capsicum anuum var. abbreviatum)." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 6, no. 4 (December 8, 2014): 483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb649358.
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This field experiment was carried out to evaluate the weed species distribution in the experimental plots of an intercrop of juvenile oil palm trees (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) with maize (Zea mays Linn.), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench) and pepper (Capsicum annuum var. abbreviatum). This was carried out during the cropping season between July and October 2012. The crops were intercropped with the juvenile oil palm trees of about 3-years-old. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design with five (5) replicates. The treatments comprised of intercropping distances of 1 m, 2 m and 3 m each for the three (3) crops (maize, okra and pepper) and a plot for each of the three (3) arable crops without oil palm trees as control. Weed species distribution was carried out in each of the plots to determine the Simpson’s Diversity Index (D), Simpson’s Index of Diversity (1-D) and Simpson’s Reciprocal Index (1/D). Weed species’ frequency, density, relative density, relative frequency, importance value, abundance, dominance and relative dominance were also computed from data collected at 3WAP and 6WAP. The results showed that the control plot has the highest weed species distribution at 3WAP having the lowest Simpson’s Diversity Index (D) of 0.0930. Okra plot has the least weed species distribution with the highest Simpson’s Diversity Index (D) of 0.2726. At 6WAP, the pepper plot has the highest weed species distribution having the lowest Simpson’s Diversity Index (D) of 0.1741. Control plot has the least weed species distribution with highest Simpson’s Diversity Index (D) of 0.2831.
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Lipovetsky, Stan, and W. Michael Conklin. "Data aggregation and Simpson’s paradox gauged by index numbers." European Journal of Operational Research 172, no. 1 (July 2006): 334–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2004.10.005.
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Sivaruban, T., S. Barathy, Pandiarajan Srinivasan, Rajasekaran Isack, and Bernath Rosi. "Impact of ecological attributes and feeding categorization of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) insects in Kiliyur falls of Eastern Ghats, India." ENTOMON 45, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v45i3.548.
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Investigation on the diversity, ecology and trophic categorization of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera complex (EPT) was carried out in Kiliyur falls of the Eastern Ghats. An aggregate of 2,189 specimens belonging to 24 genera, 12 families and 3 orders were collected. Ephemeroptera was found to be high when compared to Plecoptera and Trichoptera. Baetidae was the most abundant taxa of all with presence of 5 genera and 6 species. Shannon-Weiner index and Simpson’s index were calculated and it shows that Shannon-Weiner index was elevated in the August (2.882) and declines in January (2.744). Simpson’s index was most noteworthy in December (0.9325) and it was least in January (0.9321). Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) shows that temperature, dissolved oxygen and rainfall turns into a major stressor in the EPT community of Kiliyur falls. Cluster analysis results prove that Baetidae and Caenidae shows comparative dispersion pattern as opposed to Teloganodidae and Perlidae. Functional feeding group (FFG) analysis shows that Kiliyur stream was overwhelmed by collectors followed by scrapers, predators and filter-feeders.
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Raus, Josef, Pavel Knot, Jiří Skládanka, Michal Kvasnovský, Martin Sochorec, Jhonny Edison Alba Mejía, and František Hrabě. "Effect of Cutting Pattern and Fertilization Level on Species Diversity and Evaluation of Grassland Quality." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, no. 5 (2014): 1087–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462051087.
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The effects of fertilization level and cutting pattern on the species diversity and quality of a meadow stand were assessed in 2004–2012 in the small plot trial established in 2003 in Vatín, Vysočina Region, Czech Republic. Four levels of fertilization (none; N0 + P30 + K60 kg∙ha−1; N90 + P30 + K60 kg∙ha−1; N180 + P30 + K60 kg∙ha−1) were combined with four treatments of exploitation intensity (4 cuts per year, first cut on 15th May, every next after 45 days; 3 cuts per year, first cut on 30th May, every next after 60 days; 2 cuts per year, first cut on 15th June, next after 90 days; 2 cuts per year, first cut on 30th June, next after 90 days). Numbers of species, Simpson’s diversity index and evaluation of grassland quality according to Novák (2004) were evaluated. Numbers of species and Simpson’s diversity index were significantly affected by both fertilization level and cutting pattern. Species richness decreased along with increasing fertilization rates from 29.4 (no fertilization) to 27.8 (N180PK). When comparing cutting pattern treatments the highest species richness was found in four-cut swards (29.6 in average of fertilization levels) and it declines towards late double-cut regime (27.2). The Simpson’s index generally increased from two-cut swards to four-cut and from fertilized treatments to control. Grassland quality was significantly affected by cutting pattern. Values increased from four-cut swards (38.1) to two-cut ones (43.8 and 44.0 in early and late harvest respectively).
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Tweedley, James R., Chris S. Hallett, Richard M. Warwick, K. Robert Clarke, and Ian C. Potter. "The hypoxia that developed in a microtidal estuary following an extreme storm produced dramatic changes in the benthos." Marine and Freshwater Research 67, no. 3 (2016): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14216.
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Runoff from an extreme storm on 22 March 2010 led, during the next 3 months, to the formation of a pronounced halocline and underlying hypoxia in the upper reaches of the microtidal Swan–Canning Estuary. Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled between January 2010 and October 2011 at five sites along 10km of this region. By mid-April, the number of species, total density, Simpson’s evenness index and taxonomic distinctness had declined markedly, crustaceans had disappeared and the densities of annelids and molluscs had declined slightly. These faunal attributes (except Simpson’s index) and species composition did not recover until after the end of the hypoxia. The survival of annelids and loss of crustaceans in this period reflects different sensitivities of these taxa to severe environmental stress. The results emphasise that microtidal estuaries with long residence times are highly vulnerable to the effects of environmental perturbations, particularly during warmer periods of the year.
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Ługowska, Maria, and Zofia Rzymowska. "The effect of the application of the exact and approximate methods on values of selected ecological indices." Acta Agrobotanica 67, no. 1 (2014): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2014.011.
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<p>The work presents the results of a study on the biodiversity of agrocenoses using ecological indices. In order to calculate the measures, phytosociological relevés were made and exact methods were applied in winter cereals, spring cereals, tuber crops and stubble fields. The objective of the work was to compare ecological indices (Simpson’s index of dominance <em>C</em>, Simpson’s index of species richness <em>D,</em> and Shannon-Wiener index of biodiversity <em>H</em>’) calculated using the number of plants and their cover determined based on the degree of presence. Moreover, correlation analysis was conducted between the indices computed using the two approaches applied.</p><p>The results of the study revealed significant differences between all the indices calculated using the exact and approximate methods. In turn, comparisons of the measures computed for individual crops showed significant differences only for potato crops and winter cereals. No significant differences were found between the indicators calculated for spring cereals and stubble fields.</p>
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Dienye, Henry Eyina, Olaniyi Alaba Olopade, and Ike Joel Ogbonnaya. "Diversity and abundance of the family mugilidae in the New Calabar River, Nigeria." Vol:36 Issue:3 36, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2019.36.3.12.
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The study was conducted to determine the diversity and abundance of mullets (Mugilidae) in the New Calabar River, Nigeria. Fish samples were collected monthly between February to July 2018 at three landing stations: Choba: Station 1, Ogbogoro: Station 2 and Iwofe: Station 3. A total of 578 individuals belonging to three species (Sicklefin mullet (Neochelon falcipinnis Valenciennes, 1836), Largescaled mullet (Parachelon grandisquamis Valenciennes, 1836) and Flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758) of the family Mugilidae were sampled. N.falcipinus recorded the highest abundance (47.40%) followed by M.cephalus (36.85%) while P.grandisquamis recorded the least abundant (15.74%). The Simpson’s index of diversity had the highest value of 0.63 in Choba station and the least value of 0.59 in Iwofe station, while the Simpson’s reciprocal index highest value of 1.71 in Iwofe station and least value of 1.60 in Choba station. The Shannon- Weiner index and Pielou’s eveness index value also recorded highest values of 1.03 and 0.94 in Choba station with the least values of 0.96 and 0.87 in Iwofe station respectively. The diversity indices showed that the family Mugilidae is fairly distributed in the study area and it is therefore recommended that further research should be carried out to provide a complete examination of the biology and ecology of the mullets within the New Calabar River.
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Coelho, Mariana R., Ruthnea A. L. Muzzi, Elaine M. S. Dorneles, Guilherme G. Pereira, Rosa M. Cabral, Leonardo A. L. Muzzi, Claudine B. Abreu, and Luiz E. D. Oliveira. "Evaluation of left atrial function in asymptomatic dogs with chronic myxomatous mitral valve disease: two-dimensional feature-tracking echocardiography and Simpson’s monoplanar methods." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 40, no. 3 (March 2020): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6441.
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ABSTRACT: The present study evaluated the volume and function of the left atrium by two-dimensional echocardiographic feature-tracking imaging (2D-FTI) and Simpson’s monoplanar modeling in dogs with asymptomatic degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). The study consisted of 80 dogs that were divided into the following three groups: Group 1, 21 dogs (A); Group 2, 30 dogs (B1) and Group 3, 29 dogs (B2). The variable strain (contraction phase) was significantly lower in Group 3 than in Group 1 (12.92±4.54 x 16.69±5.74, p=0.014), and significant differences in the contraction strain index (CSI) were observed between all of the groups that were evaluated (1 = 46.82±8.10, 2 = 39.88±8.03, 3 = 35.25±5.64, p<0.0001). The atrial diastolic volume index (AdVi) that was measured by 2D-FTI was significantly higher in Group 3 than in Group 1 (1.31±0.95 x 0.96±0.31, p=0.038), and the atrial cardiac index (ACI) was also higher in Group 3 than in Group 1 (102.38±80.18 x 78.19±33.38, p=0.030). Atrial function was assessed by Simpson’s monoplanar method, which demonstrated an increase in the left atrial systolic volume, while the contractile function decreased with an increasing disease severity (Group 1 0.21±0.06; Group 2 0.25±0.06; Group 3 0.32±0.08, p<0.0001). The intraobserver and interobserver assessments showed low to moderate variability; most of the values for the coefficient of variation for the variables that were analysed with each method were below 25%. Thus, DMVD was determined to cause an alteration in atrial function, especially in the contraction phase, and even in asymptomatic animals, and the methods of 2D-FTI echocardiography and Simpson’s monoplanar evaluation are sensitive and early methods for the detection of left atrial dysfunction.
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Syiem, Mayashree B., B. Bashisha Nongbri, A. Pinokiyo, Amrita Bhattacharjee, Natasha A. Nongrum, and Luxemburgh Hynniewta. "Significance of cyanobacterial diversity in different ecological conditions of Meghalaya, India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2010): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v2i1.112.
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The present study deals with preliminary investigation of cyanobacterial diversity in Meghalaya. A total of 75 samples were collected from 10 different ecosystems and analyzed. 65 strains of cyanobacteria isolated under 11 genera include Nostoc, Anabaena, Calothrix, Cylindrospermum, Gleocapsa, Fischerella, Plectonema, Tolypothrix, Stigonema, Loriella and Westiellopsis. Nostoc was most abundant. Diversity analysis indicated maximum Shannon’s diversity index (H) in Mawlai. Highest Simpson’s diversity index was seen in Sung Valley (0.75). Both Shannon’s and Simpson’s diversity indices were lowest in Mairang. Richness was highest in Sung valley and Syntuksiar with both the sites supporting 17 strains each. Although, highest diversity was recorded from Mawlai, richness recorded at this site was only 11 strains thereby indicating richness need not be a function of diversity in this region. This study revealed the cyanobacterial strains, which can withstand acidic pH and prevail in the region. A study on colonization also identified some potential biofertilizer strains from the region such as Nostoc punctiforme, Nostoc muscurum and Anabaena azollae that could be effective in acidic crop fields.
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Dienye, HE, OA Olopade, and SA Toby. "Species composition and diversity of cast net fisheries in New Calabar River, Niger Delta, Nigeria." Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management 4, no. 1 (August 18, 2018): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcbm.v4i1.37873.
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A study on the catch composition and diversity of cast net fisheries was conducted between May and August, 2017 in the New Calabar River, Rivers state, using cast net of varying mesh sizes (1.5mm and 2.5mm). Fish samples were collected from three sampling stations, viz. Station1- Aluu, Station 2- Choba and Station 3- Iwofe. The fish species recorded comprised of 26 species under 11 families, and one decapod crustacean. The three most abundant species were; Coptodon guineensis (25.11%), Coptodon zilli (18.56%) both from the Cichlidae family, and Penaeus nitialis (10.90%) from the Penaeidae family, while the least abundant species was Liza grandisquamis (0.13%) from the Mugilidae family. The diversity indices showed that station 2 recorded the highest number of species (21) while station 1 recorded the lowest with (12) species. Simpson’s indexes of diversity, Simpson’s reciprocal index, Shannon- weiner index, and Pielou’s evenness index, were estimated. This study serves as a base line data which will assist relevant bodies in the management and conservation of fisheries resources in the New Calabar River. It is therefore recommended that for an improved and sustainable exploitation and management of fisheries resources of the New Calabar River, proper monitoring and management for fish stock must be done.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(1): 19-26
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Simpson’s index"
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SANTOS, Vanessa Kelly dos. "Uma generalização da distribuição do índice de diversidade generalizada por Good com aplicação em Ciências Agrárias." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2009. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5372.
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Vanessa Kelly dos Santos.pdf: 364306 bytes, checksum: 6c79d0925f6821655f91bcd3c8eb64af (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T12:42:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanessa Kelly dos Santos.pdf: 364306 bytes, checksum: 6c79d0925f6821655f91bcd3c8eb64af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-23
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Diversity as a concept was first introduced by Williams in Fisher et al. (1943). Later, Good (1953, 1982) proposed a generalized index that included as special cases both Shannon’s and Simpson’s indices. Baczkowski et al. (1997, 1998) generalized the proposed generalization deriving the first four moments and then obtaining a distribution prior to the general index for Good (BACZKOWSKI et al., 2000). Therefore, is proposed a new generalization that, in addition to the indices the Shannon and Simpson as special cases, includes more general indices such as the unfamiliar (PATIL & TAILIIE, 1982). The moments of h(a,b,d) presented here extend the results presented in Baczkowski et al. and Bowman et al. for a class of diversity indices of more general and it is concluded then that while the distribution of index Shannon can be approximated by a Gaussian distribution, if any difference between abundance of species, to more general values of (a,b,d), it is suggested a distribution of type I as the most appropriated. The results are also consistent with those presented for real populations, as in Heip & Engels (1974), especially when it examines the index of Shannon.
A diversidade como um conceito foi inicialmente introduzida por Williams em Fisher et al. (1943). Mais tarde, Good (1953, 1982) propôs um índice generalizado que incluía como casos especiais os índices de Shannon e o de Simpson. Baczkowski et al. (1997, 1998) propuseram generalizar essa generalização derivando os quatro primeiros momentos e obtendo assim uma distribuição para o índice antes generalizado por Good (BACZKOWSKI et al., 2000). Sendo assim, apresenta-se uma nova generalização que, além de ter os índices de Shannon e Simpson como casos especiais, engloba índices mais gerais como o não familiar (PATIL & TAILIIE, 1982). Os momentos de h(a,b,d) aqui apresentados estendem os resultados apresentados em Baczkowski et al. e Bowman et al. para uma classe de índices de diversidade mais geral, concluindo-se então que enquanto a distribuição do índice de Shannon pode ser aproximado por uma distribuição Gaussiana, caso haja diferença entre abundância de espécies, para valores mais gerais de (a,b,d), sugere-se uma distribuição do tipo I como sendo a mais apropriada. Os resultados obtidos são tão consistentes quanto os de trabalhos que lidam com populações reais como em Heip & Engels (1974), principalmente quando examina-se o índice de Shannon.
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Sundqvist, Patrik, and Lisa Andersson. "A study of the impacts of land fragmentation on agricultural productivity in Northern Vietnam." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7623.
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This study examines the relationship between land fragmentation and agricultural productivity in Vietnam, as well as the outcomes of land consolidation programs on productivity. Data from the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey 2004 and data on the land consolidation process was used for the regression analysis. The results show weak correlations between fragmentation and productivity. Land fragmentation seems to be positively correlated to productivity due to more use of fertilizers and labour input. The communes that have consolidated their land are more productive, but this seems to be explained by initial differences in productivity. Our results suggest that there are no immidiate gains in land consolidation.
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SILVA, Cleriston Araújo da. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE NÓDULOS PULMONARES SOLITÁRIOS UTILIZANDO ÍNDICE DE SIMPSON E MÁQUINA DE VETORES DE SUPORTE." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2009. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1841.
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cleriston.pdf: 1605933 bytes, checksum: c1faa5f854c1a9debfbaa1affc5ab4ad (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-18T14:02:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cleriston.pdf: 1605933 bytes, checksum: c1faa5f854c1a9debfbaa1affc5ab4ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-12
The diagnosis of lung nodules has been constantly looked for by researchers as a way to minimize the high global mortality indices related to lung cancer. The usage of medical images, such as Computerized Tomography, has made possible the deepening and the improvement of techniques used to evaluate exams and provide diagnosis. This work presents a methodology for diagnosing single lung nodules that can be an aid for studies performed on similar areas and for specialists. This methodology was applied to two different image databases. The representation of the nodules was done with extraction of geometry and texture features, being the last one described through Simpson’s Index, a statistic used in Spatial Analysis and in Ecology. These features were submitted to the Support Vector Machine classifier (SVM) in two approaches: the traditional approach and the approach by using One Class. With the traditional SVM approach, we have obtained sensibility rates of 90%, specificity of 96.67% and accuracy of 95%. Using One Class SVM, the obtained rates were: sensibility of 89.7%, specificity of 89.7% and accuracy of 89.7%.
O diagnóstico de nódulos pulmonares tem sido buscado constantemente por pesquisadores como forma de amenizar os altos índices de mortalidade mundial relacionado ao câncer de pulmão. O uso de imagens médicas, como a Tomografia Computadorizada, tem possibilitado um aprofundamento e melhoramento de técnicas para avaliar exames e prover diagnósticos. Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para diagnóstico de nódulos pulmonares solitários que possa servir como um auxílio para estudos realizados em áreas afins e para especialistas. Esta metodologia foi aplicada a duas diferentes bases de dados de imagens. A representação dos nódulos foi feita com a extração de medidas de geometria e de textura sendo esta última descrita através do Índice de Simpson, uma estatística utilizada na Análise Espacial e na Ecologia. Essas medidas foram submetidas ao classificador Máquina de Vetores de Suporte - MVS em duas abordagens: a abordagem tradicional e abordagem usando uma classe. Com abordagem MVS tradicional, obtiveramse taxas de sensibilidade de 90%, especificidade de 96,67% e acurácia de 95%. Usando MVS de uma classe, as taxas obtidas foram: sensibilidade igual a 89,7%, especificidade igual a 89,7% e acurácia igual a 89,7%.
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NUNES, André Pereira. "DETECÇÃO DE MASSAS EM IMAGENS MAMOGRÁFICAS USANDO ÍNDICE DE DIVERSIDADE DE SIMPSON E MÁQUINA DE VETORES DE SUPORTE." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2009. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1845.
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Breast cancer is one of the major causes of mortality among women throughout the world. Presently, the analysis of breast radiography is the most used method to early detection of this kind of cancer. It enables the identification of anomalies at their initial stage, which is a fundamental factor for success in the treatment. The sensitivity of this kind of exam, although, depends on several factors, such as the size and the location of the abnormalities, density of the breast tissue, quality of the technical resources and radiologist's ability. This work presents a methodology that uses the K-Means clustering algorithm and the Template Matching technique for segmentation of suspicious regions. Next, geometry and texture features are extracted from each of these regions, being the texture described by the Simpson's Diversity Index, a statistic used in Ecology to measure the biodiversity of an ecosystem. Finally, this information is submitted to a Support Vector Machine so that the suspicious regions are classified into masses and non-masses. The methodology was tested with 650 mammographic images from the DDSM database, achieving 83.94% of accuracy, 83.24% of sensibility and 84.14% of specificity in average.
O câncer de mama é uma das maiores causas de mortalidade entre as mulheres no mundo todo. Atualmente, a análise da radiografia da mama é o recurso mais utilizado na detecção precoce desse tipo de câncer, pois possibilita a identificação de anomalias em sua fase inicial, fator fundamental para o sucesso do tratamento. A sensibilidade desse tipo de exame, no entanto, depende de diversos fatores, tais como tamanho e localização das anomalias, densidade do tecido mamário, qualidade dos recursos técnicos e habilidade do radiologista. Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para detecção de massas em imagens digitais de mamografias que poderá auxiliar o especialista em sua análise. O método proposto utiliza o algoritmo de agrupamento K-Means e a técnica de Template Matching para segmentar as regiões suspeitas de conterem massas. Em seguida, medidas de geometria e textura são extraídas de cada uma dessas regiões, sendo a textura descrita através do Índice de Diversidade de Simpson, uma estatística usada na Ecologia para mensurar a biodiversidade de um ecossistema. Finalmente, essas informações são submetidas a uma Máquina de Vetores de Suporte para que as regiões suspeitas sejam classificadas em massas ou não massas. A metodologia foi testada com 650 imagens mamográficas obtidas da base de dados DDSM, atingindo 83,94% de acurácia, 83,24% de sensibilidade, e 84,14% de especificidade em média.
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Keblaitė, Živilė. "Dubysos upės vidurupio vandens kokybės vertinimas bioindikacijos metodais." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120620_131551-57655.
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Šio darbo tikslas – įvertinti Dubysos upės vidurupio vandens kokybę, taikant bioindikacinius vandens telkinių vertinimo metodus. Naudojant Saprobiškumo (S) ir Simpsono įvairovės indeksų (D) metodus buvo identifikuoti zooplanktoniniai organizmai bei įvertinti rūšių skaičiaus, gausumo ir įvairovės pasiskirstymo dėsningumai. Pagal J. Brown-Blanquet skalę atliktas atskirų augalų rūšių gausumo (projekcinis padengimo) barelyje vertinamas. Apie 50 km atkarpoje buvo išdėstytos 15 tyrimų vietų, kurias pasirenkant buvo atsižvelgiama į netoliese esančius žemės ūkio, pramonės, transporto objektus bei gamtinę aplinką. Tiriant zooplanktoniną paimti 270 vandens ir vandens – dumblo mėginiai. Šie tyrimai atlikti tris kartus metuose, bandymą pakartojant tris kartus. Naudojant J. Brown-Blanquet skalę augalų projekcinio padengimo vertinimas atliktas liepos mėn. Taigi vandens kokybės vertinimui buvo skaičiuoti tokie rodikliai: zooplanktoninių organizmų rūšių skaičius, gausumas, Simpsono įvairovės (D), Saprobiškumo (S) indeksai bei augalų projekcinis padengimas.
Tirtoje teritorijoje buvo aptikta 33 zooplanktono rūšys: 8 infuzorijos, 8 dumbliai, 2 bakterijos, 2 vabzdžių lervos, 3 verpetės, 4 pirmuonys, 2 šakotaūsiai ir 3 irklakojai vėžiagyviai. Taikyta vienfaktorinė dispersinė analizė (One–way ANOVA) parodė, kad tyrimų vietos vandens kokybė (vandens užterštumas arba švarumas) turi įtakos vandens kokybę indikuojantiems rodikliams (rūšių skaičiui, gausumui, D bei S indeksams). Rūšių sudėtis ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The aim – to assess middle of the river Dubysa water quality, using valuation techniques by bioindicationous water mines. Using saprobic index (S) and Simpson's diversity index (D) methods have been identified zooplanktons organisms and the number of species, abundance and diversity of distribution patterns. According to J. Brown-Blanquet scale of an individual plant species richness (covering projection) rating in the barrel. About 50 km stretch was down 15 test sites, the choice was taken to the nearby agricultural, industrial, transport facilities and the environment. Studying zooplankton, it was taken of 270 water mines, and water - sludge ("hanging drop") samples. These studies were conducted three times a year, repeating the test three times. Using J. Brown-Blanquet scale projection covering the plant assessment was carried out in July. Thus, the assessment of water quality indicators have been calculated as follows: organisms zooplankton number of species, abundance, Simpson's diversity index (D), saprobic index (S) and the projection coating plant. There was found 33 species of investigated zooplankton area: 8 infusoria, 8 algae, 2 bacteria, 2 insect larvae, 3 vortex, 4 protozoa, crustaceans 2 and 3 copepods. Applied to one factor analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) revealed that research on local water quality (water pollution or purity) affect water quality for indication indicators (number of species, abundance, D index). Species composition and quantitative... [to full text]
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Washburn, Stephen Jackson. "The Epiphytic Macrolichens of the Greater Cincinnati, Ohio, Metropolitan Area." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1133992448.
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Alves, Wagner Coelho. "AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DO MEIO AQUÁTICO UTILIZANDO UM ÍNDICE BASEADO NA ASSEMBLEIA DE PEIXES, ALTO RIO PARANÁ, GOIÁS, BRASIL CENTRAL." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2011. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2497.
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-21The purpose of this work is to evaluate the quality of water evironment of the hydrographic basin of river Piracanjuba, river Meia Ponte stream Santa Maria. Appendages of alto Paraná river basin, making used index based in fishes developed by Fialho (2009). For that then it was considered 14 describes: Globals ( Diversity simpson s rate e equitability), taxonomic (abundance and rich resourse of the species of those families Callichthyidae, Genere Incertae Sedis in Characidae (GISC), Curimatidae and Gymnotidae and trofic group of detritivory and abundance of Sternopygidae family and the rich specie of the Heptapteridae family. In this work the sampling was maden on the dry weater (from may to September of 2009). In 27 sampling sites 14 afluents streams of river Piracanjuba, 7 afluentes of river Meia Ponte and 6 of stream Santa Maria the collect icthyofauna it was maden by the electrofishing method. Witch in on single passing in on part of 100 m located amount and others low waters. The results show that 27 stream reaches only the sampling sites P03, P11, and P21 had a bigger escores value but it was not considered as preserved as IBP protocol prosposed by Fialho (2009). For other wise 10 sampling sites (P01,P07,P08,P09,P12,P16,P18,P19,P22 and P25) showed values igual 0, then it is considered with higher degree of anthropogenic desarrengement. With tthis comes with the conclusion all the sampling site are anthropogenic that can be explained by the intense cattle raising activity in that place.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo, avaliar a qualidade do meio aquático das bacias hidrográficas dos rios Piracanjuba, Meia Ponte e ribeirão Santa Maria, pertencentes à bacia do alto rio Paraná, utilizando um índice baseado em peixes, desenvolvido por Fialho (2009). Para isso, foram considerados 14 descritores, assim distribuídos: globais (Índice de diversidade de Simpson, Equitabilidade), taxonômicos (abundâncias e riqueza de espécies das famílias Callichthyidae, Genere Incertae Sedis in Characidae (GISC), Curimatidae e Gymnotidae e do grupo trófico dos detritívoros; abundância da família Sternopygidae e a riqueza de espécies da família Heptapteridae). Neste trabalho, as coletas foram realizadas no período de estiagem (maio a setembro de 2009), em 27 pontos amostrais, sendo 14 riachos afluentes do rio Piracanjuba, sete afluentes do rio Meia Ponte e seis do ribeirão Santa Maria. A coleta da ictiofauna foi realizada pelo método da pesca elétrica com uma única passada em um trecho de 100 m, localizados a montante e outro na jusante. Os resultados mostraram que dos 27 pontos amostrais, apenas os pontos P03, P11 e P21 tiveram maiores valores dos escores, mas não foram classificados como preservados, conforme protocolo do IBP, proposto por Fialho (2009). Por outro lado, dez pontos (P01, P07, P08, P09, P12, P16, P18, P19, P22, P25) apresentaram valores iguais a zero, sendo assim considerados com maior grau de perturbação antrópica. Com isso, conclui-se que todos os pontos amostrais são antropizados, o que pode ser explicado pela intensa atividade agropecuária da região.
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Rossi, Guilherme Ebling. "Avaliação da dinâmica e da diversidade de uma pastagem natural submetida a diferentes distúrbios." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10731.
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Dynamics of species, families and plant functional types (PFTs), and diversity of a natural grassland submitted or not to burning and grazing, in different relief positions (concave a convex slope) were evaluated. Treatments consisted of the associations of those three factors,
in a completely randomized design, with variable number of replicates, from two to five. Rotational grazing were used, with an average occupation period of six days. Grazing animals were from Nelore, Charolais and its crosses. Stocking rate was calculated to obtain between
20 to 35 % of disappearing of forage mass. Diversity was evaluated using Shannon and Simpson index and frequency of species. The analysis of dry matter availability, on the
relative participation of main species and the relative frequency of the other species were performed by double sampling. Data were submitted to cluster and ordination analysis and an analysis of variance via randomization tests. With respect to diversity, burned and grazed
areas had lower index than those only grazed. Considering relief and grazing interaction, higher diversity occurred in convex slope. Including burning interaction, diversity was higher in concave slope. In grazing excluded areas, higher index were observed under burning effect, and considering this factor, higher diversity were registered in convex slope. Analyzing frequency of families, Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Asteraceae were present in all plots. The
most versatile species were A. lateralis, Frimbristylis diphylla and Dichanthelium sabulorum, occurring in all treatments. Burning and grazing had a positive influence in vegetation diversity, however when interacting or in its absence, they turned dynamics to a dominance of
a few species. The evaluation of dynamics showed that interpretation of the results through PFTs were more efficient to explore the differences between treatments, when compared to analysis by families or by species. The seasonal dynamics of the vegetation was affected both
by grazing, burning and relief position, independently if evaluated through species or functional types of plants.Foi avaliada a dinâmica por meio de espécies, famílias e tipos funcionais de plantas (TFs), e a diversidade de uma pastagem natural submetida aos fatores queima (presença ou ausência) e pastejo (ausência ou presença), em diferentes posições topográficas (encosta ou baixada). Os tratamentos foram constituídos pela associação dos três fatores, em um delineamento completamente casualizado com número variável de repetições, entre duas e cinco. O pastejo foi rotacionado, com um período de ocupação médio de seis dias, sendo utilizados animais das raças Nelore, Charolês e suas cruzas. A carga foi calculada adotando-se uma taxa de desaparecimento entre 20-35% da massa de forragem existente. A diversidade foi avaliada através dos índices de Shannon, Simpson e da freqüência de ocorrência de espécies. As avaliações da disponibilidade total de matéria seca, da participação relativa das principais espécies e da freqüência relativa das demais espécies foram realizadas por meio de dupla amostragem. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos às análises de agrupamento, ordenação e de variância via teste de aleatorização. Com relação à diversidade, as áreas queimadas com pastejo possuíram índices menores do que apenas com pastejo. Considerando a interação relevo e pastejo, a maior diversidade se deu na encosta. Incluindo-se a interação com o efeito de queima, essa foi superior nas áreas de baixada. Na exclusão de pastejo, os índices mais elevados foram encontrados com queima, e dentro desse distúrbio, maiores índices na posição de relevo de encosta. Já na ausência da queima, o maior índice foi observado na baixada. Na análise da freqüência de ocorrência por família, destacaram-se Poaceae, Cyperaceae e Asteraceae, com presença em todos os ambientes estudados. Já as espécies com maior versatilidade foram A. lateralis, Frimbristylis diphylla e Dichanthelium sabulorum, encontrados em todos os tratamentos avaliados. O emprego da queima ou pastejo tiveram uma influência positiva na diversidade da vegetação, porém quando em conjunto ou totalmente ausentes direcionaram a dinâmica a uma dominância de poucas espécies. O estudo da dinâmica mostrou que a interpretação dos resultados através dos TFs foi mais eficiente para explorar as diferenças entre os tratamentos, quando comparado às análises por famílias botânicas ou por espécies. A dinâmica estacional da vegetação foi afetada pelos fatores pastejo, queima e posição de relevo, independentemente se avaliados através de espécies ou tipos funcionais de plantas.
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Baldow, Christoph, Lars Thielecke, and Ingmar Glauche. "Model Based Analysis of Clonal Developments Allows for Early Detection of Monoclonal Conversion and Leukemia." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-221771.
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The availability of several methods to unambiguously mark individual cells has strongly fostered the understanding of clonal developments in hematopoiesis and other stem cell driven regenerative tissues. While cellular barcoding is the method of choice for experimental studies, patients that underwent gene therapy carry a unique insertional mark within the transplanted cells originating from the integration of the retroviral vector. Close monitoring of such patients allows accessing their clonal dynamics, however, the early detection of events that predict monoclonal conversion and potentially the onset of leukemia are beneficial for treatment. We developed a simple mathematical model of a self-stabilizing hematopoietic stem cell population to generate a wide range of possible clonal developments, reproducing typical, experimentally and clinically observed scenarios. We use the resulting model scenarios to suggest and test a set of statistical measures that should allow for an interpretation and classification of relevant clonal dynamics. Apart from the assessment of several established diversity indices we suggest a measure that quantifies the extension to which the increase in the size of one clone is attributed to the total loss in the size of all other clones. By evaluating the change in relative clone sizes between consecutive measurements, the suggested measure, referred to as maximum relative clonal expansion (mRCE), proves to be highly sensitive in the detection of rapidly expanding cell clones prior to their dominant manifestation. This predictive potential places the mRCE as a suitable means for the early recognition of leukemogenesis especially in gene therapy patients that are closely monitored. Our model based approach illustrates how simulation studies can actively support the design and evaluation of preclinical strategies for the analysis and risk evaluation of clonal developments.
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Greene, Richard Royce Jr. "Religious Diversity in the Southeastern United States: An Exercise in Mapping Religious Diversity in the Region from 1980-2010." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1396983364.
Full textBooks on the topic "Simpson’s index"
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Poscheschnik, Gerald, ed. Suchtfaktor Serie. Psychosozial-Verlag, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/9783837977486.
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Serien erleben seit einiger Zeit ein enormes Revival und begeistern international ein Millionenpublikum. Populäre Serien faszinieren aber nicht nur durch Schauspielkunst und spannende Geschichten; sie haben auch eine unbewusste Tiefendimension, die für ihre Zuschauer*innen eine psychische und psychosoziale Bedeutung hat. So dienen sie nicht nur der schnöden Unterhaltung, sondern auch der Verarbeitung persönlicher und kultureller Ängste und Hoffnungen. Indem sie Psychoanalyse mit Medien- und Kulturwissenschaft verbinden, ermöglichen die Beiträger*innen in ihren Interpretationen einen Blick auf das Unbewusste der Serien und ihres Publikums. Auf diese Art betrachtet werden Game of Thrones, Babylon Berlin, Breaking Bad, The Simpsons, Ally McBeal, King of Queens, Fauda, The Deuce, Chernobyl, Akte X, True Detective, Stranger Things, Sherlock, The Office und Gilmore Girls. Mit Beiträgen von Pia Andreatta, Gianluca Crepaldi, Lutz Ellrich, Susanne Hörz-Sagstetter, Nina Kemereit, Olaf Knellessen, Hermann Mitterhofer, Barbara Neudecker, Gerald Poscheschnik, Thomas Pröll, Thomas Reichsöllner, Rainer Spieler, Lars Steffes, Timo Storck, Otto Teischel, Catharina Thüner, Lisa Wolfson und Achim Würker
Book chapters on the topic "Simpson’s index"
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Cerquetti, Annalisa. "Bayesian Estimation of Gini-Simpson’s Index Under Mainland-Island Community Structure." In Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 61–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05420-5_7.
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Nunes, André Pereira, Aristófanes Corrêa Silva, and Anselmo Cardoso de Paiva. "Detection of Masses in Mammographic Images Using Simpson’s Diversity Index in Circular Regions and SVM." In Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition, 540–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03070-3_41.
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da Silva, Cleriston Araujo, Aristófanes Corrêa Silva, Stelmo Magalhães Barros Netto, Anselmo Cardoso de Paiva, Geraldo Braz Junior, and Rodolfo Acatauassú Nunes. "Lung Nodules Classification in CT Images Using Simpson’s Index, Geometrical Measures and One-Class SVM." In Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition, 810–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03070-3_61.
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J. Malamel, Jobi. "Seasonal Dynamics on Spider Population in Pathiramanal Island, Kerala, India: A Case Study." In Arthropods [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93411.
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Impact of temperature, rainfall, and humidity varied across different seasons, and the spiders responded differently in each season. Spider community reaches its peak in growing season (October to January). The growing season is recorded as the period with average temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity and which is found to be more suitable for spider population to increase, because highest proportion of spiders is trapped during this season. Ecological factors diminished the spider fauna from February to May (dry season) with high temperature and then gradually decreased through June to September (rainy season) because of heavy rainfall. Correlation analysis of variables with species richness and number of individuals is tested to check the statistical significance between them. Season-wise dendrogram is plotted to show the similarity between the seasons. For the estimation of spider diversity in three different seasons, indices such as Fisher alpha diversity index, Shannon diversity index and Simpson’s diversity index are evaluated.
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Somerfield, P. J., K. R. Clarke, and R. M. Warwick. "Simpson Index." In Encyclopedia of Ecology, 3252–55. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008045405-4.00133-6.
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"Index." In A.B. Simpson and the Making of Modern Evangelicalism, 387–404. MQUP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvt6rn3v.19.
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"Index." In Journal of Occurrences in the Athabasca Department, by George Simpson, 1820 and 1821, and Report, 475–98. Toronto: Champlain Society, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442618459_6.
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Brazel, Anthony J., and Andrew W. Ellis. "The Climate of the Central Arizona and Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research Site (CAP LTER) and Links to ENSO." In Climate Variability and Ecosystem Response in Long-Term Ecological Research Sites. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195150599.003.0016.
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The Central Arizona and Phoenix LTER (CAP LTER) is one of two urban LTERs in the world network (Grimm et al. 2000; see http://caplter.asu.edu). Many LTER sites display a detectable climatic signal related to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon (Greenland 1999). The purpose of this chapter is twofold: (1) to provide some insight into the role of the tropical Pacific Ocean as a driver of several climatic (and thus, ecologically related) variables in the CAP LTER location of central Arizona, and (2) to suggest the linkages of ENSO events to selected ecosystem processes near and within the geographical region of CAP LTER (figure 7.1a). From past studies, it is clear that the seasonal and annual climate regimes of the southwestern United States, particularly water-related parameters, are linked to the periodicities and anomalies of what is known as the Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) (e.g., Wolter 1987; Molles and Dahm 1990; Redmond and Koch 1991; Woolhiser and Keefer 1993; Wolter and Timlin 1993; Cayan and Redmond 1994; Redmond and Cayan 1994; Cayan et al. 1999; Redmond and Cayan 1999; Simpson and Colodner 1999; Redmond 2000; and Mason and Goddard 2001). In Arizona, and especially in the CAP LTER region, precipitation is bimodal during the year with peaks in winter (mostly midlatitudederived frontal storms) and in mid-to-late summer, mostly in the form of convective thunderstorms during the North American monsoon season. Recent studies show a strong connection between ENSO and winter moisture in Arizona, such that it is even possible to forecast impending conditions in advance (Pagano et al. 1999). These studies have established relationships between the climate of the southwest ern United States and ENSO by demonstrating monthly and daily timescale effects on inputs of moisture and resultant streamflow in Arizona (e.g., Molles and Dahm 1990; Cayan et al. 1999; and Simpson and Colodner 1999). The synoptic- and largescale circulation patterns associated with anomalies of MEI/SOI in the southwestern United States provide additional insight into regional forces that drive the CAPLTER climate (e.g., Redmond and Koch 1991). Generally, when the warm phase of the tropical Pacific Ocean occurs (El Niño, thus negative SOI, positive MEI), across the Southwest precipitation is generally anomalously high.
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"Index." In Part of Dispatch from George Simpson Esqr. Governor of Rupert's Land to the Governor & Committee of the Hudson's Bay Company, London, March 1, 1829. Continued and Completed March 24 and June 5, 1829., 261–77. Toronto: Champlain Society, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442618442_5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Simpson’s index"
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Zhou, Jianghong, Eugene Agichtein, and Surya Kallumadi. "Diversifying Multi-aspect Search Results Using Simpson's Diversity Index." In CIKM '20: The 29th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3340531.3412163.
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KOSTOV, VLADIMIR PETROV. "THE DELIGNE-SIMPSON PROBLEM FOR ZERO INDEX OF RIGIDITY." In Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Complex Structures and Vector Fields. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812810144_0001.
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Amirinia, Gholamreza, and Sungmoon Jung. "Low Cycle Fatigue Analysis of Offshore Wind Turbines Subjected to Hurricane." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62039.
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The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of hurricanes on low cycle fatigue of tower and blades in offshore wind turbines. For this purpose, first, recent observations on hurricane turbulence models were discussed. Second, the buffeting wind loads on the wind turbine structure were introduced. A new formulation was used to address unsteady wind forces on the tower. This new formulation was later used to modify NREL-FAST (Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures, and Turbulence) for the analysis. In the next step, according to importance of recent findings about hurricanes, hurricane wind and wave fields were simulated based on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale. Then, to investigate the effects of various turbulence models on the wind turbine structures, the modified NREL-FAST was used to analyze structure-wind-wave-soil interaction of the NREL-5 MW monopile wind turbine. Finally, the low cycle fatigue analysis was presented and discussed. Results for various hurricane turbulence models showed that by using quasi-steady analysis of the tower, the spectrum Model A and Model B resulted in average 53% lower and 12% higher damage index compared to the conventional Kaimal spectrum model respectively; however, by considering unsteady formulation on the tower, spectrum Model A and Model B resulted in average 96% and 24% lower blade root damage indices compared to the conventional Kaimal spectrum model respectively.