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Journal articles on the topic 'Simpson diversity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gregorius, Hans-Rolf, and Elizabeth M. Gillet. "Generalized Simpson-diversity." Ecological Modelling 211, no. 1-2 (2008): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2007.08.026.

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2

Guiaşu, Radu Cornel, and Silviu Guiaşu. "Conditional and Weighted Measures of Ecological Diversity." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 11, no. 03 (2003): 283–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488503002089.

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Shannon's entropy and Simpson's index are the most used measures of species diversity. As the Simpson index proves to be just an approximation of the Shannon entropy, conditional Simpson indices of diversity and a global measure of interdependence among species are introduced, similar to those used in the corresponding entropic formalism from information theory. Also, since both the Shannon entropy and the Simpson index depend only on the number and relative abundance of the respective species in a given ecosystem, the paper generalizes these indices of diversity to the case when a numerical w

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Huang, Shaolin, та Gang Fu. "Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities on Plant Species α-Diversity across the Tibetan Grasslands". Remote Sensing 15, № 11 (2023): 2947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15112947.

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Plant species α-diversity is closely correlated with ecosystem structures and functions. However, whether climate change and human activities will reduce plant species α-diversity remains controversial. In this study, potential (i.e., potential species richness: SRp, Shannonp, Simpsonp and Pieloup) and actual plant species α-diversity (i.e., actual species richness: SRa, Shannona, Simpsona and Pieloua) during 2000–2020 were quantified based on random forests in grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau. Overall, climate change had positive influences on potential plant species α-diversity across all t

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Tian, Yuan, та Gang Fu. "Quantifying Plant Species α-Diversity Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Climate Data in Alpine Grasslands". Remote Sensing 14, № 19 (2022): 5007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14195007.

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Quantitative plant species α-diversity of grasslands at multiple spatial and temporal scales is important for investigating the responses of biodiversity to global change and protecting biodiversity under global change. Potential plant species α-diversity (i.e., SRp, Shannonp, Simpsonp and Pieloup: potential species richness, Shannon index, Simpson index and Pielou index, respectively) were quantified by climate data (i.e., annual temperature, precipitation and radiation) and actual plant species α-diversity (i.e., SRa, Shannona, Simpsona and Pieloua: actual species richness, Shannon index, Si

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Tuapetel, Friesland, Delly DP Matrutty, and Welem Waileruny. "Diversity of Demersal Fish Resources in Ambon Island Waters." Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia 18, no. 3 (2019): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.32491/jii.v18i3.315.

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The waters surrounding Ambon Island is a potential fishing gound for demersal fish resources, yet information regarding species diversity is still slightly understood. This research aimed to analyze the diversity of species and size of demersal fish around Ambon Island oceans. Data was collected based on experimental fishing using fish trap at two locations, in northern and southern waters of Ambon Island. The data were collected by experimental capture using fishing gear at two locations, namely northern waters (March-April 2015) and south of Ambon Island (July-October 2016). Methods of demer

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6

Lee, Jonq-Ying, and Mark G. Brown. "Consumer Demand for Food Diversity." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 21, no. 2 (1989): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200001163.

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AbstractIn this paper, consumer demand for food diversity is measured by the entropy and Simpson indices for budget shares. Results show that consumer demand for food diversity is related to total food expenditures and house-hold size and composition.

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7

Kratyuk, O. "Study of forest plants species diversity in “Radomyshlske” forestry-hunting enterpise." Agrobìologìâ, no. 2(174) (December 27, 2022): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2022-174-2-111-118.

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The types of plant diversity on the territory of the Radomyshl Forestry in areas with different types of forest vegetation conditions were investigated. 21 species belonging to 15 families and 18 genera have been identified. The main types of forest are determined (Pinus sylvestris-Vaccinium vitisidaea+V. myrtillus-Cladonia spp.+ Pleurozium; Pinus sylvestris-Calluna vulgaris-Pleurozium+ Cladonia ssp.; Pinus sylvestris-Vaccinium myrtillus-Pleurozium; Pinus sylvestris-Pteridium aquilinum-Vaccinium myrtillus-Pleurozium; Pinus sylvestris-Calamagrostis arundinacea+Convallaria majalis) and key indic

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Bílek, L., J. Remeš, O. Švec, and D. Zahradník. "On the way to continuous cover forest at middle elevations – the question of forest structure and specific site characteristics." Journal of Forest Science 59, No. 10 (2013): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/57/2013-jfs.

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The transformation process of even-aged forest stands to irregular forest stands on waterlogged sites after 20 years effort was analysed. Data from two 1-ha PRP was analysed with special focus on structural (Shannon Evenness Index, Simpson Index and Gini Index) and species (Shannon Evenness Index and Simpson Index) diversity. Different development on study plots confirmed that the highest structural diversity is not often compatible with the concept of species diversity. On PRP 1 high diameter differentiation has led to lower values of species diversity, while on PRP 2 rather moderate diameter

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9

GUIASU, RADU CORNEL, and SILVIU GUIASU. "NEW MEASURES FOR COMPARING THE SPECIES DIVERSITY FOUND IN TWO OR MORE HABITATS." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 18, no. 06 (2010): 691–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488510006763.

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Both the weighted entropy, which generalizes the Shannon entropy, and the weighted quadratic index, which generalizes the Gini-Simpson index, are used for getting a unified treatment of some diversity measures proposed recently in ecology. The weights may reflect the ecological importance, rarity, or economic value of the species from a given habitat. The weighted measures, being concave functions, may be used in the additive partition of diversity. The weighted quadratic index has a special advantage over the weighted entropy because its maximum value has a simple analytical formula which all

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10

Ogie-Odia, E. A., D. A. Eseigbe, F. N. Imade, et al. "Epiphyte diversity on phorophytes in Ambrose Alli University main campus, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Botany 37, no. 2 (2025): 159–75. https://doi.org/10.4314/njbot.v37i2.3.

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This study assessed epiphyte diversity on phorophytes across seven faculties at Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. Data collected included phorophyte species, individual counts, height, diameter at breast height (dbh), types and quantities of epiphytes, growth habits and attachment locations. Eight epiphyte species from six families were identified, showcasing significant ecological diversity. The Faculty of Environmental Sciences exhibited the highest diversity (Simpson 1-D = 1; H = 1.1), followed by Engineering (Simpson 1-D = 0.68; H = 1.13) and Management Sciences (Simpson

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11

T N, Anusha, Nischitha R, and Shivanna M B. "Diversity of Mycoflora in Root and Rhizosphere Regions of Alloteropsis Cimicina (L.) Stapf." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 8, S1-Feb (2021): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v8is1-feb.3928.

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Endophytic fungi described as the internal mycota of living plants. The present study is an attempt to document mycoflora diversity of root, rhizosphere, bulk soil of grass Alloteropsis cimicina (L.) Stapf a less known species from North East India in Bhadra reserve forest region in two different seasons. Isolation, fungal community from collected samples by Moist blotter method, Potato dextrose agar (PDA) method, Malt extract agar (MEA) methodStatistical analysis were done and the mean data by Simpson Diversity Index Shannon Evenness Shannon Diversity Index(H1 ) Simpson Evenness, Colonization

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12

Abdar, M.R. "FAUNAL DIVERSITY OF CHANDOLI NATIONAL PARK, WESTERN GHATS, MAHARASHTRA STATE, INDIA." Biolife 2, no. 2 (2022): 480–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7205188.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong>   Biodiversity refers to the variety among living organisms. The diversity of species involves genetic diversity, habitat diversity and species diversity. Biodiversity of Western Ghats is one of the most significant in the world, internationally declared as world heritage. Chandoli National Park is heart of Western Ghats. National Park spreads along the crest of the North Sahyadri Range of Western Ghats. Faunal diversity of National Park was studied in period 2010 to 2012. There are 4 species of amphibians, 17 species of reptiles, 109  species of birds and 2

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Leveau, Lucas M., Mariana Lucia Bocelli, Sergio Gabriel Quesada-Acuña, et al. "Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries of the Neotropics during breeding and non-breeding seasons." PeerJ 10 (December 14, 2022): e14496. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14496.

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Background Urbanization will increase in the next decades, causing the loss of green areas and bird diversity within cities. There is a lack of studies at a continental scale analyzing the relationship between urban green areas, such as parks and cemeteries, and bird species richness in the Neotropical region. Bird diversity-environment relationships in urban parks and cemeteries may be influenced by latitudinal gradients or species-area relationships. However, the seasonal variation of species diversity- environment has not been analyzed at a continental scale in the Neotropics. Methods Bird

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14

S. Mailumo, Sunday, Samuel O. Oyewole, Godfrey C. Onuwa, and Oladapo Akinyemi. "FACTORS INFLUENCING ARABLE-CROP DIVERSITY AND RICHNESS AMONG SMALLHOLDERS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA." Tropical Agrobiodiversity 4, no. 2 (2023): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/trab.02.2023.53.56.

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Diversity of crop production is an essential strategy of improving biodiversity, sustaining livelihood and raising household income. This study was conducted to analyze the determinants of arable-crop diversity and richness among smallholder farmers in Plateau State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used in the selection 514 crop farmers. Primary data were generated with well-structured questionnaires. Information collected was analyzed using Descriptive statistics, Shannon and Simpson Index, Poison and Tobit regression models. The results showed that the monoculture system was the p

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15

Guiasu, Radu Cornel, and Silviu Guiasu. "The Weighted Gini-Simpson Index: Revitalizing an Old Index of Biodiversity." International Journal of Ecology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/478728.

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The distribution of biodiversity at multiple sites of a region has been traditionally investigated through the additive partitioning of the regional biodiversity into the average within-site biodiversity and the biodiversity among sites. The standard additive partitioning of diversity requires the use of a measure of diversity, which is a concave function of the relative abundance of species, such as the Gini-Simpson index, for instance. Recently, it was noticed that the widely used Gini-Simpson index does not behave well when the number of species is very large. The objective of this paper is

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16

Luo, Yan, та Yanming Gong. "α Diversity of Desert Shrub Communities and Its Relationship with Climatic Factors in Xinjiang". Forests 14, № 2 (2023): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14020178.

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In the past 30 years, Northwest China has experienced a warm and humid climate increase trend. How this climate change will affect the species diversity of plant communities is a hot issue in ecological research. In this study, four α diversity indexes were applied in 29 shrub communities at desert sites in Xinjiang, including the Margalef index, Simpson index, Shannon–Wiener index, and Pielou index, to explore the relationship between the α diversity of the desert shrub communities and climate factors (mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP)). The species diversity i

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17

Sachu, Kevikuonuo, and T. Zarenthung Ezung. "Determinants of Livelihood Diversification in PHEK District of Nagaland, India." International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities 05, no. 12 (2024): 01–09. https://doi.org/10.47505/ijrss.2024.12.1.

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Nagaland is a state without any major industry, which has resulted in the people's dependence on the government, seeking government jobs. As a result, the need for survival and maintaining the standard of living has forced the household to diversify their livelihood activities by adopting multiple jobs. Numerous factors determine the ability of a household to diversify its livelihood. In this study, data was collected from170 households. The Simpson Diversity Index is applied to measure diversity, and the censored To bit model is used to analyze the determinants of livelihood diversification.

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18

Kant, Shashi. "The marginal cost of structural diversity of mixed uneven-aged hard maple forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 4 (2002): 616–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-001.

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Theoretical concepts pertaining to the marginal cost (MC) of the structural diversity of a forest stand are developed. A matrix growth model is estimated for mixed uneven-aged forest stands of hard maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) from southern Ontario. The estimated growth model is used to derive the MC equations for the Shannon and the Simpson indices of total structural diversity (TSD), species diversity (SD), and tree-size diversity (TD). The effects of exclusion and inclusion of the opportunity cost (OC) on the MC of the TSD are compared. The contributions of SD and TD to the MC of the TSD a

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19

He, Fangliang, and Xin-Sheng Hu. "Hubbell's fundamental biodiversity parameter and the Simpson diversity index." Ecology Letters 8, no. 4 (2005): 386–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00729.x.

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20

Yadav, Ramesh Singh, Dharmendra Kumar, Sitanshu, Dharmpal Kerketta, and G. P. Painkra. "Coccinellids of Some Cropping Fields of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 28, no. 6 (2025): 161–69. https://doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2025/v28i62382.

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Several intensives surveys were made to explore the diversity of Coccinellid fauna from Rice (Oryza sativa L.); Wheat + Mustard (Triticum aestivum .+ Brassica compestris L.) and sole Mustard (Brassica compestris L.) cropping field of the eastern Uttar Pradesh, India during 2018-2020. Different Diversity indices like, Shannon diversity index (H); Simpson index (D); Simpson diversity index (1-D); Evenness (E) were used for studying diversity and abundance of coccinellid beetles. The results revealed that 2627 predator and phytophagous coccinellids were recorded belonging to 12 species under 10 g

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21

Bhanupriya, Nidhi Kakkar, and Sanjeev K. Gupta. "Species Diversity and Community Composition of Termites (Isoptera) in Southern Haryana, India." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28, no. 04 (2022): 1882–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i04.035.

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A capturing-identification survey was undertaken to evaluate the termite’sspecies richness and diversity in different study areas (Mahendragarh, Rewari, Nuh, Gurugram, Palwal, and Faridabad) of Southern Haryana, India. A total of 187 samples were collected and identified into 23 species that belong to three families (Termitidae, Rhinotermitidae, Kalotermidae) and four subfamilies viz., Macrotermitinae, Termitinae, Amitermitinae, Coptotermitinae. Species richness varied in respective study areas, i.e., 14, 22, 32, 35. 39 and 45 species were recorded in Faridabad, Rewari, Palwal, Gurugram, Mahen

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22

Elyas, Tariq, Bayan AlHashmi, and Fan Fang. "COGNITIVE DIVERSITY AMONG EFL LEARNERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR TEACHING IN HIGHER EDUCATION." TEFLIN Journal - A publication on the teaching and learning of English 31, no. 1 (2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v31i1/44-69.

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With a theory-driven interest in the factors that make some language learners more successful than others, this study attempts to measure the cognitive diversity level of EFL learners at a Saudi university. To achieve this purpose, the Ehrman and Leaver’s questionnaire of learners’ cognitive profiles (Ehrman & Leaver, 2003) was adapted, translated into Arabic, and then randomly distributed to foundation year students taking English as a Foreign Language as a main course. The overall results reveal that the cognitive diversity among students is considerable. It ranges between moderate to hi

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23

Silva, Gisele B., Laércio Zambolim, Anne S. Prabhu, Leila G. Araújo, and Francisco J. P. Zimmermann. "Estimation of phenotypic diversity in field populations of Magnaporthe grisea from two upland rice cultivars." Fitopatologia Brasileira 32, no. 1 (2007): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582007000100001.

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The phenotypic diversity of Magnaporthe grisea was evaluated based on leaf samples with blast lesions collected from eight commercial fields of the upland rice cultivars 'BRS Primavera' and 'BRS Bonança', during the growing seasons of 2001/2002 and 2002/2003, in Goias State. The number of M. grisea isolates from each field utilized for virulence testing varied from 28 to 47. Three different indices were used based on reaction type in the eight standard international differentials and eight Brazilian differentials. The M. grisea subpopulations of ´Primavera' and 'Bonança', as measured by Simpso

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24

Khin, Swe Wynn, Tin Moe Tin, Naing Oo Kyaw, and Aye Min Aye. "Species Diversity of Birds in Moeyungyi Wildlife Sanctuary, Bago Township." Bago University Research Journal Vol.9, No.1, no. 2019 (2019): 219–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3920901.

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Moeyungyi is one of the Ramsar sites in Myanmar occupies 40 square miles and situated at near Pyinbongyi Village, Bago Region. The present work conductedto record bird species in the study area monthly. A total of 135 families representing 35 orders were recorded. Among them 82 species were terrestrial bird while 53 species shown that terrestrialbirds including 89 were residents and 46 migrants. Diversity index of Shannon, H'(3.39-4.19), Shannon Eveness , E(0.88-0.95), Simpson’s index, 1-D (0.96- 2.0) and Simpson’s dominance index, 1-D (0.02-0.04) hadindicated that the bird spe

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Jiang, Bo, Yangui Lin, Hongliang Hui, et al. "Shannon index analysis in TCR sequencing for patients with lung adenocarcinoma: The clinical implications." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): e20053-e20053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.e20053.

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e20053 Background: Immune repertoire (IR) is the collection of functionally diverse T and B cells in an individual's circulatory repertoire at a particular time. The CDR3 is the main variation region of the CDR of T cell receptors (TCRs), which directly determines the antigen specificity of the receptor. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in TCRs between tumor patients and healthy people by using NGS sequencing of the CDR3 region of the human TRB. Shannon indices and Simpson indices were used to evaluate the TCR richness and evenness. Methods: From 2018 to 2022, a tot

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G.N., Thrupthi, and Devi Prasad A.G. "Icthyofaunal Diversity in Selected Lakes of Kodagu District." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 30, Suppl (2024): S554—S559. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2024.v30i05s.084.

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The study was carried out to document the fish diversity in the lakes of Somwarapete taluk of Kodagu district, Karnataka. The study was carried out from June 2021- May 2022. Three Lakes namely, Tavare kere, Dodda kere and Honnamanna kere was selected for the study. The fishes were collected with the help of local fishermen and identified with the help of standard reference material and internet sources. The diversity indices such as Shannon diversity index, Simpson diversity index and Pielou’s evenness index were calculated to understand the diversity and distribution of fish species. A total

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Tsiavos, Alexandros, Christina Antza, Christina Trakatelli, and Vasilios Kotsis. "The Microbial Perspective: A Systematic Literature Review on Hypertension and Gut Microbiota." Nutrients 16, no. 21 (2024): 3698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16213698.

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Background: Understanding the causes of hypertension is important in order to prevent the disease. Gut microbiota (GM) seems to play an important role, but the detailed physiology remains elusive, with alpha diversity being the most studied indicator. Objectives: This review aimed to systematically synthesize data on gut microbiota (alpha diversity) and hypertension. Methods: Databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE, and citations were systematically queried. We retrieved articles reporting the association between gut microbiota and hypertension. A valid critical appraisal tool

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28

Unanonwi, Okpo Esio, and Michael Adeoye Odebunmi. "Effects of plants diversity on soil bacteria load in a tropical moist forest of Otuoke, Nigeria." Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 6, no. 12 (2019): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs.061210.

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Most attempts towards forest management are directed towards management of forest resources which does not embrace other players. Key players in forest ecosystem are bacteria and fungi. Relationships between forests stand density and diversity with soil microbial population is an area of research that could aid in forest ecosystem management, this study was undertaken to provide the needed information. Three locations A, B, C of plot size 100 m x 100 m were purposefully selected. Site A and B were selected based on species richness and heterogeneity, while C was based on dominance and homogene

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Jha, Sanjay Kumar, and Swostika Thapa. "Diversity of Wild Mushrooms in Chaukot, Panauti." Perspectives on Higher Education 15, no. 01 (2025): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3126/phe.v15i01.80860.

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Exploration on mushroom is relatively limited compared to other organism. This study aim to explore and documentation of diversity of wild mushrooms in chaukot community forest. A field survey was conducted in between 1500 and 1700 m a.s.l., to assess wild mushroom diversity. Mushrooms were sampled using quadrats along transects, identified through morphological and microscopic characteristics, and their diversity was evaluated using Shannon – wiener index and Simpson diversity index. A total of 68 mushroom were identified belonging Basidiomycota, Ascomycota and Mycetozoa. Among mushroom speci

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30

Mouillot, D., and Alain Leprêtre. "A comparison of species diversity estimators." Population Ecology 41, no. 2 (1999): 203–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13511267.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Although having been much criticized, diversity indices are still widely used in animal and plant ecology to evaluate, survey, and conserve ecosystems. It is possible to quantify biodiversity by using estimators for which statistical characteristics and performance are, as yet, poorly defined. In the present study, four of the most frequently used diversity indices were compared: the Shannon index, the Simpson index, the Camargo eveness index, and the Pielou regularity index. Comparisons were performed by simulating the Zipf–Mandelbrot paramet

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31

Mouillot, D., and Alain Leprêtre. "A comparison of species diversity estimators." Population Ecology 41, no. 2 (1999): 203–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13511267.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Although having been much criticized, diversity indices are still widely used in animal and plant ecology to evaluate, survey, and conserve ecosystems. It is possible to quantify biodiversity by using estimators for which statistical characteristics and performance are, as yet, poorly defined. In the present study, four of the most frequently used diversity indices were compared: the Shannon index, the Simpson index, the Camargo eveness index, and the Pielou regularity index. Comparisons were performed by simulating the Zipf–Mandelbrot paramet

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32

Mouillot, D., and Alain Leprêtre. "A comparison of species diversity estimators." Population Ecology 41, no. 2 (1999): 203–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13511267.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Although having been much criticized, diversity indices are still widely used in animal and plant ecology to evaluate, survey, and conserve ecosystems. It is possible to quantify biodiversity by using estimators for which statistical characteristics and performance are, as yet, poorly defined. In the present study, four of the most frequently used diversity indices were compared: the Shannon index, the Simpson index, the Camargo eveness index, and the Pielou regularity index. Comparisons were performed by simulating the Zipf–Mandelbrot paramet

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33

Mouillot, D., and Alain Leprêtre. "A comparison of species diversity estimators." Population Ecology 41, no. 2 (1999): 203–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13511267.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Although having been much criticized, diversity indices are still widely used in animal and plant ecology to evaluate, survey, and conserve ecosystems. It is possible to quantify biodiversity by using estimators for which statistical characteristics and performance are, as yet, poorly defined. In the present study, four of the most frequently used diversity indices were compared: the Shannon index, the Simpson index, the Camargo eveness index, and the Pielou regularity index. Comparisons were performed by simulating the Zipf–Mandelbrot paramet

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34

Ling, Yeong Tyng, Kang Leng Chiew, Piau Phang, and Xiaowei Zhang. "Malware detection using Gini, Simpson diversity, and Shannon-Wiener indexes." International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) 14, no. 2 (2025): 737. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v14i2.pp737-750.

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<p>The increasing number of malware attacks poses a significant challenge to cyber security. This paper proposes a methodology for static malware analysis using biodiveristy-inspired metrics that is Gini coefficient, Simpson diversity, and Shannon-Wiener index for malware detection. These metrics are used to build the structural feature representation on the raw binary file as the feature space. The effectiveness of these metrics are evaluated using multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) models. A deterministic algorithm is used to generate the

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35

B, Megala, and Thirumalai Vasan P. "Diversity of Endophytic Bacteria from Marine Associated Plant Leaves." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 16, no. 23 (2023): 1726–32. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v16i23.88.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> To study endophytic bacterial population from 3 marine plants such as Avicennia marina, Salicornia brachiata and Suaeda maritima. <strong>Methods:</strong> The fresh leaves from the above plants were collected at Kattumavadi, Kottaipattinam and Sethubhavachathiram mangrove ecosystems during the period of December month. The leaves were surface sterilized and the inner tissues of the leaf bits were macerated and serially diluted for the isolation of bacterial endophytes and grown on Nutrient Agar (NA) Petri plates. The endophytic bacteria gro

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Gyamfi-Ampadu, Enoch, Michael Gebreslasie, and Alma Mendoza-Ponce. "Evaluating Multi-Sensors Spectral and Spatial Resolutions for Tree Species Diversity Prediction." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5 (2021): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13051033.

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Forests contribute significantly to terrestrial biodiversity conservation. Monitoring of tree species diversity is vital due to climate change factors. Remote sensing imagery is a means of data collection for predicting diversity of tree species. Since various sensors have different spectral and spatial resolutions, it is worth comparing them to ascertain which could influence the accuracy of prediction of tree species diversity. Hence, this study evaluated the influence of the spectral and spatial resolutions of PlanetScope, RapidEye, Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 images in diversity prediction ba

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Smirnova, M. A., and M. V. Bocharnikov. "Ecosystem, vegetation and soil diversity of the mountain forest-steppe of West Altai (a case study of the Tigirek State Natural Reserve)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 908, no. 1 (2021): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/908/1/012028.

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Abstract The quantitative assessment of ecosystem diversity is a basic tool for the evaluation of its resilience to anthropogenic loads and climatic changes. Our work is devoted to the large-scale predictive ecosystem mapping of hard-to-reach West Altai Mountain areas as well as vegetation, soil, and ecosystem quantitative diversity assessment (basing on Shannon and Simpson indices). The key site (7x4.5 km area) located in the Tigirek State Natural Reserve in the humid climate of the windward part of Altai. The predominance of shrub meadow communities and forb meadows on Gleyic Chernozems and

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SHEIKH MUHAMMAD AZAM, HASSAN RAZA KHAN, NUZHAT SIAL, NISAR AHMAD, GHULAM MUSTAFA, and SANA KAUSAR. "Variation in Spatial Distribution of Spider Fauna Between Agricultural and Arid Land of Shujabad, Punjab, Pakistan." University of Sindh Journal of Animal Sciences (USJAS) 7, no. 1 (2023): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.57038/usjas.v7i1.6224.

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Spiders are the little creature that have key role in ecosystem especially in terms of biodiversity controlling agent. This survey-based study was conducted on spiders to assess their diversity in two different habitat conditions of Pakistan. In this study, 29 species, 15 genera and 7 families were collected. Lycosidae family had the highest diversity 55% followed by Araneidae (29%), Gnaphosidae (3%), Salticidae (3%), Oxyopidae (0.35%), Tetragnathidae (7%) and Thomisidae (3%). The Hippasa, Pardosa, Eriovixia, Araneus, Tetragnatha, Sitticus and Gnaphosa were most dominant genus out of observed

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Muhammad, A., Zara Musa, and Musa Muhammad. "BASELINE STUDY OF DIVERSITY AND INSECT SPECIES RICHNESS RECORDED IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY DUTSIN-MA TAKE -OFF CAMPUS, KATSINA, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 9 (May 4, 2025): 317–22. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2025-09(ahbsi)-3426.

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Worldwide, University campuses are increasingly mandating ecosystem preservation and conservation into their practices. The study investigated the diversity and species richness of insects at the Take-off Campus of Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State. Two sites, the Clinic and ICT complex were chosen to reflect the level of anthropogenic disturbance. Insects were collected using the light trap methodology. Data collected was analyzed using the Shannon-Weiner diversity index, Simpson index of diversity, and Equitability Index on the PAST Program. Results showed that both locations had a

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Nythri Tshering and Kinzang Dorji. "Phytosociological Analysis of Bumdeling Ramsar site, Riverine Wetland of International Importance, Eastern Bhutan." Sherub Doenme: The Research Journal of Sherubtse College 17 (June 11, 2024): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17102/sherubdoenme.17.2024.01.

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The Kholongchu riverine wetlands in Bumdeling, Bhutan, are a unique ramsar site and crucial winter roosting grounds for the Black Necked Crane. Despite the area's notable ecological successions, recent information on plant diversity is less known from the wetland. In 2023, study was conducted to evaluate the phytodiversity and phytosociology of the Bumdeling Ramsar site (BRS) using quantitative quadrat analysis method. The study identified 165 plant species in a wetland, with Asteraceae being the most dominant family. Herbaceous plants dominate the wetland, followed by shrubs and grasses. The

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Corte, Ana Paula Dalla, Carlos Roberto Sanquetta, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, Thaiza Karine Pereira, and Alexandre Behling. "DESEMPENHO DE MÉTODOS E PROCESSOS DE AMOSTRAGEM PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE DIVERSIDADE EM FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA." FLORESTA 43, no. 4 (2013): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v43i4.30526.

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Este trabalho objetivou testar tamanhos, processos de distribuição e intensidades de amostragem, com a finalidade de indicar os melhores tratamentos para aplicação em levantamentos que visam expressar a diversidade florestal. Foram utilizados dados da FLONA de Irati, Paraná, e ao todo foram analisados 28 tratamentos. Os resultados foram analisados considerando o número de espécies, o número de indivíduos amostrados e os índices de Margalef, Shannon e de Simpson. A curva do coletor (ou curva espécies-área) foi construída sob três abordagens: ordem numérica sequencial qualquer das parcelas; orde

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Wolińska, Agnieszka, Dorota Górniak, Urszula Zielenkiewicz, et al. "Microbial biodiversity in arable soils is affected by agricultural practices." International Agrophysics 31, no. 2 (2017): 259–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2016-0040.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to examine the differences in microbial community structure as a result of agricultural practices. Sixteen samples of cultivated and the same number of non-cultivated soils were selected. Gel bands were identified using the GelCompar software to create the presence-absence matrix, where each band represented a bacterial operational taxonomic unit. The data were used for principal-component analysis and additionally, the Shannon- Weaver index of general diversity, Simpson index of dominance and Simpson index of diversity were calculated. Denaturing gradient gel

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Meng, Xiangyu, Shunxin Fan, Li Dong, Kun Li, and Xiaolu Li. "Response of Understory Plant Diversity to Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Urban Forests in Beijing, China." Forests 14, no. 3 (2023): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14030571.

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Understory vegetation affects the richness and stability of urban forest ecosystems. To investigate the influence of soil physicochemical properties on the diversity of understory plants in urban forests, this study used 30 urban forest communities in the Beijing Plain area as the research object and analyzed the correlation between understory plant diversity and soil factors by correlation analysis. Furthermore, pH, soil bulk density (SBD), total soil porosity (TSP), soil water content (SWC), soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), eff

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Yang, Qichi, Lihui Wang, Jinliang Huang, et al. "Mapping Plant Diversity Based on Combined SENTINEL-1/2 Data—Opportunities for Subtropical Mountainous Forests." Remote Sensing 14, no. 3 (2022): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14030492.

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Plant diversity is an important parameter in maintaining forest ecosystem services, functions and stability. Timely and accurate monitoring and evaluation of large-area wall-to-wall maps on plant diversity and its spatial heterogeneity are crucial for the conservation and management of forest resources. However, traditional botanical field surveys designed to estimate plant diversity are usually limited in their spatiotemporal resolutions. Using Sentinel-1 (S-1) and Sentinel-2 (S-2) data at high spatiotemporal scales, combined with and referenced to botanical field surveys, may be the best cho

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Lyautey, Emilie, Zexun Lu, David R. Lapen, et al. "Distribution and Diversity of Escherichia coli Populations in the South Nation River Drainage Basin, Eastern Ontario, Canada." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 5 (2009): 1486–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02288-09.

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ABSTRACT We investigated the prevalence and diversity of Escherichia coli strains isolated from surface waters from multiple watersheds within the South Nation River basin in eastern Ontario, Canada. The basin is composed of mixed but primarily agricultural land uses. From March 2004 to November 2007, a total of 2,004 surface water samples were collected from 24 sampling sites. E. coli densities ranged from undetectable to 1.64 Ã¯Â¿Â½ 105 CFU 100 ml−1 and were correlated with stream order and proximity to livestock production systems. The diversity of 21,307 E. coli isolates was characterized

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Cidrini, Iorrano A., Yury G. Salcedo, Mateus I. Abreu, et al. "PSXII-8 The effect of tannins extract associated to two levels of urea in the supplement of grazing Nellore steers on ruminal microbial richness and diversity estimators." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (2020): 448–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.780.

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Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of tannins extract (TN) associated to two levels of urea (UR) in the supplement of grazing Nellore steers on ruminal microbial richness and diversity estimators. The study used eight Nellore steers (293 kg ± 5.6 BW), rumen cannulated grazing Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu distributed in a double Latin square 4 x 4 (four experimental periods and four supplements). Steers were supplemented at 3 g/kg BW with soybean meal, corn, mineral mix and two levels of UR (3% or 5%) associated or not to TN (SilvaFeed-ByPro at 0.7 g / kg). On d 26 of each ex

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Jahangeer, Muhammad, Muhammad Siddique Awan, and Riaz Aziz Minhas. "Assessment of butterflies diversity, and distribution in Ghamot National Park, Western Himalaya, Neelum valley, Pakistan." World Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 9, no. 2 (2024): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33865/wjb.009.02.1160.

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Biodiversity measures, species richness and species evenness. Species richness means the number of species present in designated area whereas evenness stands for relative abundance of each species. Butterflies are very important economically. They feed on nectar from flowers by using proboscis. Butterflies act as excellent bio indicator of health of natural ecosystem. The fauna in the study area lacks comprehensive documentation hence there has been no previous assessment of butterfly biodiversity. The study was conducted to estimate species richness, species evenness, and species diversity th

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Adirianto, B., and T. Bachtiar. "Effect of biochar in soil on microbial diversity: a meta-analysis." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1263, no. 1 (2023): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1263/1/012047.

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Abstract The diversity, structure, and behavior of soil microbes communities, which are crucial to the breakdown of organic matter, cycling of nutrients, and general health of the soil, can be impacted by biochar. This study uses a meta-analysis approach to examine how biochar affects soil microbial diversity, and it anticipates that the results will take the form of a summary of the information that has already been published in journals. This study presents a meta-analysis of 24 articles published between 2018 and 2023 that reported biochar’s effect on soil microbial diversity and richness.

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Denal Putra Melketa, Benni Satria, and Siska Efendi. "DIVERSITY OF PREDATOR AND PARASITOIDS INSECTS ON SEVERAL TYPES OF OIL PALM PLANTATION ECOSYSTEMS." Jurnal Riset Perkebunan 3, no. 2 (2022): 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrp.3.2.66-76.2022.

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Both oil palm plantations boerdering forests and oil palm plantations bordering rubber plantations were studied using purposive random sampling with pit fall traps, sweep nets and yellow pan traps. Species biodiversity was analyzed using the Shanon-Wienner index and the Simpson index. The dominant species was determined using the Important Value Index. This study found 1,683 individuals, 7 orders and 18 families of predatory and parasitoid insects. The Shanon-Wienner diversity index was 2.78 for oil palm plantations adjacent to forest and 2.62 for oil palm plantations adjacent to rubber planta

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Guillin, Arnaud, Franck Jabot, and Arnaud Personne. "On the Simpson index for the Wright–Fisher process with random selection and immigration." International Journal of Biomathematics 13, no. 06 (2020): 2050046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524520500461.

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Moran or Wright–Fisher processes are probably the most well known models to study the evolution of a population under environmental various effects. Our object of study will be the Simpson index which measures the level of diversity of the population, one of the key parameters for ecologists who study for example, forest dynamics. Following ecological motivations, we will consider, here, the case, where there are various species with fitness and immigration parameters being random processes (and thus time evolving). The Simpson index is difficult to evaluate when the population is large, excep

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