Journal articles: 'Sine Triangle'

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Hidayatin, Nur, and Frida Murtinasari. "Generalisasi Ketaksamaan Sinus pada Segitiga." Jurnal Axioma : Jurnal Matematika dan Pembelajaran 7, no. 1 (2022): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.56013/axi.v7i1.1195.

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This study aims to find a generalization of the sine inequality of any triangles. This generalization is the general form of the sine inequality in a triangle when the angles given are not angles of the triangle, i.e. when the sum of the three angles is not equal to . The sine inequality that will be studied focuses on the inequalities of the sum and multiplication of sine in triangles. In the process, qualitative research methods are carried out in the form of literature review, namely studying the sum and the multiplication inequalities of sine in triangles which will then be developed and obtained new generalizations from the previous inequalities, namely generalizations of sine inequalities in triangles. These generalizations include generalizing the inequalities of the sum of sine in triangles and generalizing the inequalities of multiplication sine in triangles. To study this, it is necessary to first study the concepts of trigonometry, namely the definition of sine and cosine, the rules of sine and cosine; the relationship of the sine cosine to the sides of the triangle; the relationship of the radius of the circumcircle of the triangle to the sides and angles of the triangle; and arithmetic and geometric mean inequalities.The results of this study obtained the generalization of the sine inequality of any triangles. Keywords: inequality, sine, triangle

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Teia, Luis. "Extended Sine and Cosine Functions for Scalene Triangles." Journal of Mathematics Research 14, no. 5 (2022): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v14n5p36.

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This article pushes the role of sine and cosine functions beyond the traditional purpose of determining the sides of a right triangle, into the realm of determining the lengths of the sides of any triangle with practically the same ease. Extended functions are formulated dependent on two angles (instead of the traditional one) &mdash; sin*(&alpha;,&gamma;) and cos*(&alpha;,&gamma;)&mdash;that allow (via direct application) the computation of the lengths of the two shorter sides of a scalene triangle, as a result of the angular projection (from reference angle &gamma; and a variable obtuse angle ) of the longer side or extended hypotenuse (for right triangles, the obtuse angle is fixed to &gamma;= 90 deg, allowing only the variation of &alpha;&mdash; a significant limitation). When integrated into larger more complex mathematical formula, the extended sine and cosine functions add greater flexibility and open the door for the mathematician or scientist to explore possibilities that are non-orthogonal. Solved exercises are provided at the end, with the purpose of illustrating the robustness and advantage of the application of these new extended sine and cosine functions to determine the normalized sides of a scalene triangle&mdash;a requirement that is present virtually in any technical discipline.

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Nasyiitoh, Hikma Khilda. "KETAKSAMAAN JUMLAHAN SINUS PANGKAT 2^n YANG BERLAKU PADA SEGITIGA LANCIP." JURNAL SILOGISME : Kajian Ilmu Matematika dan Pembelajarannya 3, no. 1 (2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/js.v3i1.955.

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Let \alpha, \beta, \gamma are angles in acute triangle ABC and a,b,c are the length of the triangle. By using the sine of angles as the relationship between the length of triangle and the radius of the circle circumscribed about a plane triangle, will be proven the sum inequality of quadratic sine in acute triangle. Then, by using the quadratic sum inequality of the sides of triangle will be extended for the case of the sum inequality of sine of order 2^n in acute triangle.

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Fattaruso, J. W., and R. G. Meyer. "Triangle-to-sine wave conversion with MOS technology." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 20, no. 2 (1985): 623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.1985.1052356.

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Solikin, Agus, and Adi Damanhuri. "Konsep dan Aplikasi Rumus Sudut Bantu Segitiga Bola dalam Penentuan Arah Kiblat." Azimuth: Journal of Islamic Astronomy 5, no. 1 (2024): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.15642/azimuth.v5i1.2228.

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Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas aplikasi rumus sudut bantu dalam segitiga bola untuk menghitung arah kiblat umat Islam. Segitiga Bola adalah segitiga yang memiliki tiga sisi dan tiga sudut, dengan setiap sisi merupakan lingkaran besar dalam bola dan setiap sudut yang ada dalam segitiga bola terbentuk dari perpotongan dua buah lingkaran besar. Selaras dengan hal itu, dalam segitiga bola dikenal pula dengan aturan cosinus dan sinus seperti segitiga bangun datar. Berangkat dari segitiga bola dan aturan cosinus serta sinus maka dapat dibuat sebuah sudut bantu yang dapat berfungsi untuk menentukan sudut atau sisi dari segitiga bola yang belum diketahui. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka rumusan masalah dalam makalah ini yaitu tentang aplikasi rumus sudut bantu dalam perhitungan arah kiblat, dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan pendekatan grounded theory, data dikumpulkan melalui studi Pustaka. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara penelaahan dokumen-dokumen tersebut, selanjutnya data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif analitis induktif yang menggunakan pendekatan grounded theory. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui hasil perhitungan arah kiblat digunakan kalkulator casio fx-350MS. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa rumus sudut bantu segitiga bola memiliki akar rumus perhitungan dari aturan cosinus dan sinus dalam segitiga bola, dan jika diaplikasikan dalam perhitungan arah salat umat Islam maka akan memiliki bentuk rumus yang lain. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rumus sudut bantu yang diturunkan dari aturan kosinus dan sinus segitiga bola dapat digunakan untuk menentukan arah kiblat secara akurat dengan bantuan kalkulator ilmiah.Kata Kunci: Segitiga bola, Rumus Sudut Bantu, Perhitungan Arah Kiblat, Umat Islam. Abstract: This study discusses the application of the auxiliary angle formula in a spherical triangle to calculate the direction of the qibla of Muslims. A ball triangle is a triangle that has three sides and three corners, with each side being a large circle in a sphere and each corner in a spherical triangle formed from the intersection of two large circles. In line with that, in a spherical triangle it is also known as the cosine and sine rules like a flat building triangle. Departing from the spherical triangle and the rules of cosine and sine can be made an auxiliary angle that can function to determine the angle or side of an unknown spherical triangle. Based on this, the formulation of the problem in this paper is about the application of the auxiliary angle formula in the calculation of the direction of the qibla, with a qualitative descriptive method and a grounded theory approach, data is collected through a literature study. Data is collected by studying these documents, then the collected data is analyzed in an inductive analytical descriptive way using a grounded theory approach. Meanwhile, to find out the results of the calculation of the Qibla direction, a Casio FX-350MS calculator was used. Based on the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the formula for the auxiliary angle of the spherical triangle has the root of the calculation formula of the rules of cosine and sine in a spherical triangle, and if it is applied in the calculation of the direction of prayer of Muslims, it will have another form of formula. The results show that the auxiliary angle formula derived from the cosine and sine rules of the spherical triangle can be used to accurately determine the direction of the qibla with the help of scientific calculators.Keywords: Ball triangle, Auxiliary Angle Formula, Qibla Direction Calculation, Muslims.

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Viher, Radimir, Dragutin Viher, and Helena Koncul. "Applications of the sine and cosine rules for a quadrilateral." Mathematical Gazette 105, no. 562 (2021): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mag.2021.9.

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Bragg, Don C. "An Improved Tree Height Measurement Technique Tested on Mature Southern Pines." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 32, no. 1 (2008): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/32.1.38.

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Abstract Virtually all techniques for tree height determination follow one of two principles: similar triangles or the tangent method. Most people apply the latter approach, which uses the tangents of the angles to the top and bottom and a true horizontal distance to the subject tree. However, few adjust this method for ground slope, tree lean, crown shape, and crown configuration, making errors commonplace. Given documented discrepancies exceeding 30% with current methods, a reevaluation of height measurement is in order. The sine method is an alternative that measures a real point in the crown. Hence, it is not subject to the same assumptions as the similar triangle and tangent approaches. In addition, the sine method is insensitive to distance from tree or observer position and can not overestimate tree height. The advantages of the sine approach are shown with mature southern pines from Arkansas.

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8

Loewe, Raphael. "Judaism's Eternal Triangle." Religious Studies 23, no. 3 (1987): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412500018874.

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Twenty years ago I attempted to clarify thinking about Judaism in proposing a more refined terminology which, if properly used, would eliminate the all too frequent fallacies of equivocation by which discussion is bedevilled (‘Defining Judaism:Some Ground-Clearing’, Jewish Journal of Sociology, VII, 2, 1965, pp. 153–75). It is not my purpose here simply to exhume that article: on the other hand, I do not feel that I can usefully begin again ab initio, since the situation has not been radically transformed as it had been in the thirty years preceding 1965. The two decades since and including the Six Days War have witnessed much entrenchment of position, intensification of doctrinaire assertion, and heightening of enthusiasm, but little inclination (until the Lebanon War began to stimulate it in Israel) towards questioning what have become popularly accepted axioms:and it is still the case that anyone who dares to question the assumption that Israeli national sovereignty now is, and for all time will remain, a sine qua non for the survival of Judaism will not get much of a hearing. What I intend here is to reconsider my earlier findings from the angles of belief, authority, and peoplehood, particularly since I feel that the last-mentioned had perhaps been allowed inadequate weight in my previous endeavour. I consequently repeat here, for convenience of reference, the terminological distinctions proposed in that article, together with the tentative working definition of Judaism with which it concluded. I doubt its usefulness, save from a negative standpoint, i.e. what it excludes. But if we are to consider peoplehood, we need to know who, and what, is a Jew: and the only uniquely valid definition of a Jew that satisfies me is a transmitter of Judaism. The question seems to me otherwise meaningless without some terms of reference, e.g. who is a Jew for purposes of joining synagogue X, or speaking for Anglo-Jewry or world Jewry at forum Y, or qualifying for Israeli citizenship under the law of return, etc. Here, then, is my tentative formula:

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Li, Yanchao, Ruichuan Li, Junru Yang, Jikang Xu, and Xiaodong Yu. "Effect of Excitation Signal on Double-Coil Inductive Displacement Transducer." Sensors 23, no. 7 (2023): 3780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073780.

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A double-coil inductive displacement transducer is a non-contact element for measuring displacement and is widely used in large power equipment systems such as construction machinery and agricultural machinery equipment. The type of coil excitation signal has an impact on the performance of the transducer, but there is little research on this. Therefore, the influence of the coil excitation signal on transducer performance is investigated. The working principle and characteristics of the double-coil inductive displacement transducer are analyzed, and the circuit simulation model of the transducer is established. From the aspects of phase shift, linearity, and sensitivity, the effects of a sine signal, a triangle signal, and a pulse signal on the transducer are compared and analyzed. The results show that the average phase shift, linearity, and sensitivity of the sine signal were 11.53°, 1.61%, and 0.372 V/mm, respectively; the average phase shift, linearity and sensitivity of the triangular signal were 1.38°, 1.56%, and 0.300 V/mm, respectively; and the average phase shift, linearity, and sensitivity of the pulse signal were 0.73°, 1.95%, and 0.621 V/mm, respectively. It can be seen that the phase shift of a triangle signal and a pulse signal is smaller than that of a sine signal, which can result in better signal phase-locked processing. The linearity of the triangle signal is better than the sine signal, and the sensitivity of the pulse signal is better than that of the sine signal.

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Tang, Z., O. Ishizuka, and H. Matsumoto. "MOS triangle-to-sine wave convertor based on subthreshold operation." Electronics Letters 26, no. 23 (1990): 1983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19901282.

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T., Thamizhselvan, Seyezhai R., and Premkumar K. "Comparative Evaluation of Pulse Width Modulation Strategies For Hybrid Multilevel Inverter for Application in Photovoltaic Power Extraction." World Applied Sciences Journal 35, no. 5 (2017): 692–702. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3544421.

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In this paper presents a performance study of multiple references and multiple carrier pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques for HMLI for application in photovoltaic (PV) power extraction. So as to decrease the input current ripples and conjointly to convert high current, low voltage input into a low current output and high voltage output, a two phase interleaved boost converter (IBC) is used between the PV and also the HMLI. The proposed system is created and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink toolbox. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed modulation strategies, the following performance parameter is taken for analysis such as power loss, total harmonic distortion, weighted total harmonic distortion, distortion factor and harmonic spread factor and also proposed method is compared with triple reference with inverted sine carrier PWM, triple reference with single triangle carrier PWM and triple triangle carrier with single sine reference PWM. Hardware implementation results are presented for the proposed triple inverted sine carrier with single sine reference PWM controlled inverter configuration.

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Wan Ahmad, Wan Mohd Haqqi, Siti Hawa Salleh, Shaiful Rizam Shamsudin, Wardan Rajaselan, and Sanusi M. Syazwan. "On the Effect of Wave Signal Input via Zero Charge Corrosion Protection in 3.5% NaCl Solution." Key Engineering Materials 929 (August 24, 2022): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-9bw9xz.

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The technique of zero charge corrosion potential (ZCCP) acts as a new alternative of cathodic protection technique. A study of wave signal input in ZCCP technique was carried out on pure Mg steel in the 3.5% NaCl solution. This experiment was conducted within 48 hours. The wave signals input that had been used in this experiment are square, triangle, and sine wave. These waveforms have an impact on the corrosion protection of the ZCCP system. The effectiveness of waveform in ZCCP technique on corrosion protection was determined by morphology observation using stereomicroscope. It is found that, the lowest consumption of current density took placed at the square wave signal which is-0.99μA/cm2. Meanwhile, for triangle and sine wave, the current density recorded were-1.694μA/cm2 and-1.756μA/cm2, respectively. From the morphology observations, it is clearly seen that the square wave signal provides better corrosion protection as compared to the triangle and sine wave signal. There is no formation of localised corrosion detected on the Mg surface using square wave signal. This is because the % ‘ON’ and % ‘OFF’ in ZCCP system allows to set it to the desired value of potential.

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Chau Jing Bing, Fatimah Al-Zahrah Mohd Sa'at, Rais Haqim Rosle, et al. "Thermoacoustic Cooler with Different Waveform Excitations and the Noise Control Test." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 116, no. 1 (2024): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.116.1.1726.

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Many researchers have been devoted into improving the operation of thermoacoustic cooling system as it offers a promising alternative to traditional cooling methods. This study reported potential system’s improvements that can be obtained when it is operated with different excitation of waveforms and resonator’s material. Resonant test was first carried out to identify the frequency for the operation. Temperature drop that can be obtained by the system was then tested for sine wave, square wave and triangle wave excitations. It was found that a change in resonator material alters the resonance frequency for the operation. Resonance was recorded at 186.6 Hz when acrylic resonator was used while a resonance frequency of 170.5 Hz was found when polyvinyl-chloride’s resonator was used. In term of temperature effects, the square wave excitation resulted to the maximum temperature difference of 45.64˚°C in the acrylic resonator, followed by sine wave at 43.46°C and triangle wave came in last at 40.11°C. Then, as the polyvinyl-chloride’s resonator was used, smaller values of maximum temperature was observed with 38.07°C, 35.94°C and 30.05°C for square wave, sine wave and triangle wave, respectively.

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IDRIS, MOCHAMMAD, MOHAMMAD MAHFUZH SHIDDIQ, and ERIDANI ERIDANI. "AN AREA OF RIGHT TRIANGLE FOR TRIGONOMETRY." Jurnal Matematika UNAND 12, no. 4 (2023): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jmua.12.4.267-275.2023.

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In this paper, we shall investigate formula of tangent function through determination of area of right triangle and rectangle. The consequence of this formula is used to obtain the other two trigonometric function, i.e. sine and cosine functions. Moreover, we also reprove Pythagorean theorem.

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Wang, Wen, X. X. Li, and Zi Chen Chen. "A Planar Capacitive Sensor for Large Scale Measurement." Key Engineering Materials 381-382 (June 2008): 509–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.381-382.509.

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A planar capacitive sensor (PCS) is proposed for X and Y directions measurement. One axial displacement can be measured without the coupling of another axial movement. Two groups electrodes with 90 degree out-of-phase, forming triangle sine and triangle cosine wave, can be applied for direction detection and interpolation, aiming at high resolution. Simulation results show that proposed PCS is available for planar measurement.

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Coltellaro, John, Miriam LeGare, and Joseph Terdiman. "Eye Movements in a Small Sample of Cerebral Palsied Adults." Perceptual and Motor Skills 80, no. 2 (1995): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1995.80.2.355.

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Monocular pursuit and saccadic eye movements were compared between a group of 5 men with cerebral palsy and a group of 5 men with normal movements using an infrared corneal reflection technique. Triangle, sine, and square waves (in the time domain) at 0.3 Hz in the horizontal and vertical dimensions were used as the stimuli for six 10-sec. tests of each subject. The momentary difference between stimulus and eye positions was used to obtain values for five pursuit variables (triangle and sine wave tests) and five saccadic variables (square wave tests). The t tests for differences between these means showed that the cerebral palsy group had more fixations during the four pursuit tests, more saccadic intrusions during the horizontal pursuit tests, a greater maximum pursuit error during the horizontal sine wave test, and a greater maximum fixation error during the horizontal square wave test. The group means were not different for pursuit gain and saccadic velocity and latency. The dynamics of the errors during the tests of pursuit movements indicate that cerebral palsied persons may be unable to maintain the constant velocity of eye movement required to track a triangle wave stimulus. The dynamics of the errors during the tests of saccadic movements indicate that cerebral palsied persons would be unable to use technological devices for assisting communication, which depend on visual fixation as a control signal.

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Ni, Guo Qi, Xin Peng, Ling Lu Huang, and Li Na Wang. "Design of Common Modulation Signal Generator Based on Single-Chip Microcomputer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 1593–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1593.

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The common modulation signal generator is mainly composed of STC12C5A60S2 SCM (single-chip microcomputer), DAC0832 chip and their peripheral circuits. Controlled by the SCM, the required analog current is produced by DAC0832, then the current is converted a-5V~5V voltage by the amplifier OP07. Through the control of the switches, the triangle, square, sine and pulse waves can be outputted from generator. Among which, the amplitude of triangle and square and sine waves can be adjusted. The width of square wave and the pulse can be adjusted. Many modulation cases can be showed on the LCD screen. It is proved that the design on the generator is reasonable, the generator performance is stable and reliable, its structure is simple, and its function is high versatility. Admittedly, the designing on modulation signal generator accords with requirement.

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Wilen, Cheryl A., Jodie S. Holt, and William B. McCloskey. "Predicting Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Emergence Using Degree-day Models." Weed Science 44, no. 4 (1996): 821–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500094777.

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We examined the relationship between temperature and emergence of yellow nutsedge tubers to generate predictive models for the arid southwestern United States. Field experiments were conducted in California and Arizona to obtain phenological and temperature data needed to generate degree-day models. The effect of air temperature on emergence was tested with available programs using four methods to calculate degree-days (single sine, double sine, single triangle, and double triangle). Separate models were tested for each genotype examined (Arizona source and California source) as no one model was a good predictor of emergence when data were pooled. Results indicate that there is year to year variation in model accuracy but predictions of date of emergence can be made to within 2 d of actual emergence. This information can be used to schedule cultivations to reduce early yellow nutsedge competition in the field.

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Andika, R., D. Juandi, and R. Rosjanuardi. "Analysing Diagnostic Assessment on the Ratio of Sine in a Right Triangle." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 895 (September 2017): 012095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/895/1/012095.

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Tecirlioglu, R. T., E. S. Hayes, and A. O. Trounson. "Semen collection from mice: electroejaculation." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 14, no. 6 (2002): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd02015.

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The effects of device type (electrostimulator, function generator or computer-generated waveforms), waveform (square, triangle or sine wave), probe type (ring or strip) and anaesthetic compound (ketamine/xylazine combination or pentobarbitone sodium) were investigated on electroejaculation (EEJ) responses of C57Bl × CBA and C57Bl/6J mice. Ejaculates were analysed for total sperm count and motility variables using computer-assisted sperm analyses. Automated computer-generated waveforms delivered through a sound card were more effective and reproducible compared with waveforms generated by function generator and electrostimulator. Sine waves and triangle waves were found to be more effective in producing ejaculate than square waves. As an anaesthetic, pentobarbitone sodium tended to outperform ketamine/xylazine across waveforms and strains. Strip probes failed to produce any ejaculate regardless of the device or waveform employed. Sperm obtained by EEJ exhibited poor motility and C5Bl/6J mice had lower motility variables than C57Bl × CBA mice.

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Si, Hui Ling. "Design of Virtual Function Signal Generator Based on Sound Card." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 850–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.850.

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In this paper, the use of Lab VIEW virtual instrument development platform, designs the virtual function signal generator based on sound card. The instrument can generate sine wave, square wave, saw tooth wave, triangle wave, gauss white noise, superposition of sine wave, custom formula waveform, it can be arbitrarily set parameter as frequency, amplitude, phase, the noise standard deviation, it has simple operation, good interaction, it save the cost and can be widely used in scientific research and experiment teaching.

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Anwar, Miftakhul Umam Ulil, Dedi Nugroho, and Agus Adhi Nugroho. "Analisa Perbandingan Pengasutan Motor Induksi 3 Fasa Soft Starter IGBT Berbasis Sine-Triangle dan Sine-Sawtooth PWM Menggunakan Matlab Simulink." Elektrika 14, no. 2 (2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/elektrika.v14i2.5200.

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TThe induction motor is the electric drive for industry so special attention is needed for maintainance and control system. Induction motors pulling high starting currents at starting. Various starting methods have been developed to overcome this problem, one of which is the Direct On-Line starting method. This method is the most common method because it is the easiest and cheapest to use, but there is high inrush current arround 6-8 times the nominal current will pulled by induction motor when using this method. This starting current can cause several disturbances, both from the electricity network, damaging the motor and can cause fatal losses to the electric power system.This research discusses the application of the Soft Starter starting method to a 3-phase induction motor to reduce the high starting current pulled by a 3-phase induction motor. The induction motor used in this study is a squirrel cage rotor type with 4kVA power, a rotational speed of 1430 r.p.m, a frequency of 50 Hz, and a voltage of 380 V. The Soft Starter system in this study uses 6 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)power electronics switches which are controlled using a sine-triangle PWM and sine - Sawtooth PWM. MATLAB SIMULINK is used to simulate the application of the soft starter starting method on a 3-phase induction motor.The results prove that the Soft Starter method is successful in reducing staring currents when compared to the Direct On-Line method. When using the Direct On-Line method the starting current is 77.29 – 78.80 A, when using the sine-triangle soft starter method the starting current is 60,46 – 61,46 A, and when using the sine-sawtooth soft starter method. starting 59,96 – 60,60 A. However, at steady state conditions, the Direct On-Line rotational speed is better than the Soft Starter because when using the Soft Starter method the voltage is cut. Soft St

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Kimball, Jonathan W., and Maciej Zawodniok. "Reducing Common-Mode Voltage in Three-Phase Sine-Triangle PWM With Interleaved Carriers." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 26, no. 8 (2011): 2229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2010.2092791.

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Fei Wang. "Sine-triangle versus space-vector modulation for three-level PWM voltage-source inverters." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 38, no. 2 (2002): 500–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.993172.

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Zhang, Li Rong. "Intelligent Signal Generator Based AT89C51 Microcontroller." Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (January 2012): 1650–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.1650.

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In order to precisely control signals generators，we designed hardware of waveform signal generator by using AT89C51 Microcontroller, on this basis, design program of the sine wave, triangle wave, square wave and saw tooth wave detailed , final testing of the system as a whole and performance testing , these have high practical and useful in the production.

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Cong, Juan, Yun Wang, and Wei Na Yu. "The Influence of Variable-Speed Waveforms on Vibration Suppression in Time-Varying Speed Cutting." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 2514–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2514.

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Through the research on the change of system input and output energy in time-varying speed cutting, the influence of variable-speed waveforms on vibration suppression effect in time-varying speed cutting is quantitatively analyzed in this paper. A conclusion can be drawn that sine wave speed variation is better than triangle wave speed variation in vibration suppression.

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Rodríguez Caicedo, Daniel, Jose Miguel Cotes Torres, and José Ricardo Cure. "Comparison of eight degree-days estimation methods in four agroecological regions in Colombia." Bragantia 71, no. 2 (2012): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0006-87052012005000011.

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Eight methods were used to estimate degree-days in four Colombian localities. Four methods have been previously proposed in literature: Simple Sine, Double Sine, Simple Triangle, and Double Triangle methods. The other four methods are proposed in this research: Simple Logistic, Double Logistic, Simple Normal, and Double Normal. The estimation of the degree-days through hourly temperature values was used as the reference standard method, and the four localities from where the temperature values were taken were the municipalities of Cajicá (Cundinamarca), Santa Elena (Antioquia), Carepa (Urabá Antioqueño), and Ciudad Bolivar (Zona cafetera Antioqueña). Degree-days obtained by all methods under study were compared through linear regression to those obtained by the reference standard method. There were differences in the correlation of each method to the reference when compared within each region and among regions. The Simple Logistic and Double Logistic methods showed the best performance with acceptable R² values and considerably lower bias than the other methods. The poorest fit was found in Cajicá, where the average R² was 0.571. For the regions of Santa Elena and Carepa, the average R² was 0.756 and 0.733. The best fit was found in Ciudad Bolivar, with an average R² of 0.826.

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Şahin, Devrim, and Safiye Kocadayı. "Turkey’s Syrian Refugees Dilemma between the Triangle of Violence." Migration and Diversity 1, no. 1 (2022): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/md.v1i1.2874.

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This paper studies the worsening relations between the Syrian refugees and the citizens of Turkey and argues that the current state of relations can be understood as an example of the renowned pacifist Johann Galtung’s negative peace concept. While no military dispute exists in Turkey, the relationship between refugees and the people of Turkey lacks the behaviour, institutions, and organizations sine qua non (essential) to make and survive the peace that Galtung identifies as positive peace. Turkey is not a kind of advanced democracy with cosmopolitan culture. Maintaining this kind of all-embracing peace in Turkey requires a comprehensive settlement including efforts to get the international community to be involved more, avoiding political rhetoric that securitizes the issue, furthering training and education programs for the orientation of the refugees, clarifying the statute of the refugees and preparing the ground for the return of refugees to their country, if possible.

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Mfungo, Dani Elias, and Xianping Fu. "Fractal-Based Hybrid Cryptosystem: Enhancing Image Encryption with RSA, Homomorphic Encryption, and Chaotic Maps." Entropy 25, no. 11 (2023): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25111478.

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Protecting digital data, especially digital images, from unauthorized access and malicious activities is crucial in today’s digital era. This paper introduces a novel approach to enhance image encryption by combining the strengths of the RSA algorithm, homomorphic encryption, and chaotic maps, specifically the sine and logistic map, alongside the self-similar properties of the fractal Sierpinski triangle. The proposed fractal-based hybrid cryptosystem leverages Paillier encryption for maintaining security and privacy, while the chaotic maps introduce randomness, periodicity, and robustness. Simultaneously, the fractal Sierpinski triangle generates intricate shapes at different scales, resulting in a substantially expanded key space and heightened sensitivity through randomly selected initial points. The secret keys derived from the chaotic maps and Sierpinski triangle are employed for image encryption. The proposed scheme offers simplicity, efficiency, and robust security, effectively safeguarding against statistical, differential, and brute-force attacks. Through comprehensive experimental evaluations, we demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed scheme compared to existing methods in terms of both security and efficiency. This paper makes a significant contribution to the field of digital image encryption, paving the way for further exploration and optimization in the future.

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Han, Xian Qin, and Xiang Lei Zhu. "Multi-Signal Generator Design." Advanced Materials Research 542-543 (June 2012): 584–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.542-543.584.

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Signal generator is electronic equipment which can produce standard signals, and it often is used in industrial production electronic laboratories and the electronic equipment. Signal generator can achieve in a variety of methods, and the higher frequency and the more waveform is the better the signal generator condition. We can consider its implementation from the production and using areas. This paper will use function in the external circuit chip ICL8038 and electronic way to produce triangle wave, sine wave, rectangular wave,which are three basic rectangular waveforms, then the wave through ICM7216D, crystal, capacitors, switches and LED digital which are composed of the circuit to show the frequency and makes the sine wave produce a frequency modulation wave through FM circuit.

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Zhang, Hai, Yang Zhou Shao, and Yue He Ge. "Modeling and Simulation of Period Signal Generator Based on DDS Technology." Advanced Materials Research 846-847 (November 2013): 764–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.846-847.764.

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A new technology named Direct Digital Synthesizer, DDS technology, was applied on a FPGA chip to design a signal generator which can produce periodic waveforms, and its frequency, phase and amplitude were all adjustable. Since the DDS technology has the function of frequency and phase adjustment, no additional circuits are needed in design. The theoretical model was built and the programs for each module were well developed. Using Modelsim software, three signal waveforms were simulated corresponding to sine, triangle, and square signals. The theoretical and simulation results show that the combination of DDS technology and FPGA can generate arbitrary waveforms in theory, while the hardware system fabricated has strong capability of anti-jamming.

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Žibret, G., and T. Verbovšek. "Quantitative analysis of randomness exhibited by river channels using chaos game technique: Mississippi, Amazon, Sava and Danube case studies." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 16, no. 3 (2009): 419–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-16-419-2009.

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Abstract. This paper presents a numerical evaluation of the randomness which can be observed in the geometry of major river channels. The method used is based upon that of generating a Sierpinski triangle via the chaos game technique, played with the sequence representing the river topography. The property of the Sierpinski triangle is that it can be constructed only by playing a chaos game with random values. Periodic or chaotic sequences always produce an incomplete triangle. The quantitative data about the scale of the random behaviour of the river channel pathway was evaluated by determination of the completeness of the triangle, generated on the basis of sequences representing the river channel, and measured by its fractal dimension. The results show that the most random behaviour is observed for the Danube River when sampled every 715 m. By comparing the maximum dimension of the obtained Sierpinski triangle with the gradient of the river we can see a strong correlation between a higher gradient corresponding to lower random behaviour. Another connection can be seen when comparing the length of the segment where the river shows the most random flow with the total length of the river. The shorter the river, the denser the sampling rate of observations has to be in order to obtain a maximum degree of randomness. From the comparison of natural rivers with the computer-generated pathways the most similar results have been produced by a complex superposition of different sine waves. By adding a small amount of noise to this function, the fractal dimensions of the generated complex curves are the most similar to the natural ones, but the general shape of the natural curve is more similar to the generated complex one without the noise.

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Xu, Junjie, Changjun Tang, and Jianlong Chang. "Effect of Synthetic Jet Actuator with Different Pulse Waveforms on Fan Blade Lift." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2527, no. 1 (2023): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2527/1/012009.

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Abstract The lift of wind turbine blades is a significant factor influencing the working efficiency of wind turbines. The influence of synthetic jet actuator on the lift of fan blades is studied in this manuscript. The influence of different pulse waveforms (sine wave, square wave and triangle wave) and different action positions (airfoil front end and rudder front end) on fan blades is analyzed. It is found that when the synthetic jet actuator acts on the airfoil front end, the best lift effect on the fan blade exists in the square wave. While when acting on the front end of the rudder, the best lift effect on the fan blade appears in the triangle wave. When two positions are acted on by the synthetic jet actuator at the same time, the square wave is the best relative to the other two pulse forms. At the same time, the effects of three pulse forms on the surface vortex of airfoil are studied, the flow conditions of the three waveforms are investigated when the airfoil is in a steady state of flow. The vortices formed by square waves can better adhere to the airfoil, while the vortex formed by the triangle wave can be separated from the airfoil faster.

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Rakesh, Padikkat R., and Gopalaratnam Narayanan. "Analysis of sine‐triangle and zero‐sequence injection modulation schemes for split‐phase induction motor drive." IET Power Electronics 9, no. 2 (2016): 344–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0066.

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Teng, Fei, Yixin Chen, Aik Min Choong, et al. "Square or Sine: Finding a Waveform with High Success Rate of Eliciting SSVEP." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/364385.

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Steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is the brain's natural electrical potential response for visual stimuli at specific frequencies. Using a visual stimulus flashing at some given frequency will entrain the SSVEP at the same frequency, thereby allowing determination of the subject's visual focus. The faster an SSVEP is identified, the higher information transmission rate the system achieves. Thus, an effective stimulus, defined as one with high success rate of eliciting SSVEP and high signal-noise ratio, is desired. Also, researchers observed that harmonic frequencies often appear in the SSVEP at a reduced magnitude. Are the harmonics in the SSVEP elicited by the fundamental stimulating frequency or by the artifacts of the stimuli? In this paper, we compare the SSVEP responses of three periodic stimuli: square wave (with different duty cycles), triangle wave, and sine wave to find an effective stimulus. We also demonstrate the connection between the strength of the harmonics in SSVEP and the type of stimulus.

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Zhang, Zhijun, Zhenhua Hou, Xiangjin Xin, Lijie Liu, and Jiyu Sun. "Noise reduction of a tractor exhaust tailpipe with bionic convex textures." Noise Control Engineering Journal 67, no. 5 (2019): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1/376731.

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Exhaust system noise is a major noise source of diesel tractor engines. In this article, this problem is improved by using bionics to alter the noise transmission route. By imitating the unique microstructures of owls, goshawks and sharks, the noise reduction effect was studied by designing bionic surface textures for the inner walls of exhaust tailpipes through bionic modification. Different shapes of textures (rectangle, sine, diamond, triangle, inverted triangle, and a combination of all 5 different shapes) with heights of 1.5 mm were designed for application on the inner walls of the exhaust tailpipes. Under the premise of not changing the structure and arrangement of the entire exhaust tailpipe system, bionic nonsmoothing and basic acoustic theories were used in 3D modeling, mesh discretization and acoustic simulation for each convex texture. The noise reduction effects on different tractor bionic exhaust tailpipes were studied while utilizing identical convex texture heights, and the convex texture with the best noise reduction effect was identified.

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Hikmatovich, Ibragimov Husniddin. "Connection Between A Right Triangle And An Equal Side Triangle." American Journal of Interdisciplinary Innovations and Research 02, no. 11 (2020): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajiir/volume02issue11-20.

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There is some evidence that a right triangle and an equilateral triangle are related. Information about Pythagorean numbers is given. The geometric meaning of the relationship between right triangles and equilateral triangles is shown. The geometric meaning of the relationship between an equilateral triangle and an equilateral triangle is shown.

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Cao, Yong, Xinchi Tang, and Sijie Shao. "VI Curve Test Based On Discrete Excitation Signals." MATEC Web of Conferences 232 (2018): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201823204013.

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In-Circuit Test System is an instrument that uses the VI curve test to diagnose circuit faults. Generally, continuous signals such as sine wave, triangle wave and square wave are used as the VI curve test excitation source. There are some problems in the synchronization of the analysis. In this paper, we study a VI curve test based on discrete excitation signal, analyze the problems arising from continuous signal testing, and propose a continuous signal discretization circuit scheme. The feasibility and practicability of this method are proved by Matlab simulation and experiment.

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Modi, Bharat, Dinesh Kumar, Shubhi Jain, Mohit Kumar Sharma, MD Yusuf Sharif, and Jinendra Rahul. "To design a controller for the solar power Inverter to nullifying the temperature effect." International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science 10, no. 3 (2024): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.103.8.

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The output waveform of sine triangle pulse width modulation at different modulation index is a crisp waveform. This waveform can be completed by adding another waveform. It is called a clamp waveform. This concept is called C to C concept or clipper clamper concept. The single-phase controller circuit is shown below. According to this circuit, anti-parallel diodes with constant DC supply connect to the grid supply. The extension of this circuit i.e. the 3-φ clamper circuit has been shown in The output of controller circuit is added up with NPC inverter.

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BHATTACHARYA, GAUTAM, and SASANKA GHOSH. "ALGEBRAIC BETHE ANSATZ SCHEME FOR RELATIVISTIC INTEGRABLE FIELD THEORIES IN CONTINUUM-: SINE-GORDON MODEL." International Journal of Modern Physics A 04, no. 03 (1989): 627–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x89000303.

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The linear problem associated with the Lax operator of the classical sine-Gordon theory can be recast into the monodromy matrix form that can be extended to quantum theory as well. Product of the quantum monodromy matrices will have contributions from the singularities arising out of the operator product expansions of sine-Gordon field. This enables one to find the star-triangle relations. This is a generalization of the method used by Thacker for the non-relativistic nonlinear Schrödinger field theory. In the infinite volume limit, it leads to an unambiguous description of the algebra involving the scattering data operators. Starting from a vacuum the module of physical states are constructed by the application of chains of the scattering operators and they turn out to have definite eigenvalues of energy and momentum. The mass-spectra and two-particle S matrix elements can be calculated straightforwardly and they coincide with the well-known results of Zamolodchikov and Zamolodchikov. It is also shown that the particle states can be created by a generalized Jordon-Wigner transformation of the free fermionic creation operators — thus establishing a link between the S matrix element and certain co-cycles.

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Varma, P. Srikant, and G. Narayanan. "Space Vector PWM as a Modified Form of Sine-Triangle PWM for Simple Analog or Digital Implementation." IETE Journal of Research 52, no. 6 (2006): 435–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2006.11416484.

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Xin, Hai Tao. "Dynamic Bridge Piezoelectric Amplifiers with Signal Generator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 182-183 (June 2012): 374–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.182-183.374.

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Piezoelectric amplifier is a very important part of the piezoelectric actuator. Not only positioning accuracy, but also dynamic performance and power are demanded more and more highly. At present piezoelectric amplifier are mainly used in static applications, power and frequency response are usually incompatible. This paper developed a new type of piezoelectric amplifier to meet high demand for dynamic, which takes dual-power supply, bridge-output to achieved slew rate, power were doubled, and maintain a wide frequency range at the same time. Controller implements DDS unit through FPGA, which could achieve sine, triangle, square and sawtooth.

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Wen, Liang Dong, Bo Hua Yin, and Jun Biao Liu. "A Design Method of Signal Generator Based on DSP6713 and D/A Converter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 1514–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1514.

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The system completes the design of signal generator by using the technology of the Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS). The DSP6713 designed as a key device, realizes outputting triangle wave and sine wave. The digital to analog (D/A) converter circuit is composed of AD768 and LTC1597, which helps improve the speed of converting and modulate the range of the output voltage by Digital Signal Processor (DSP), comparing with using one chip of D/A and proportional amplifier. In addition, bus topology makes extending system functions become easy. The system can be widely used in such field as communication, automatic control and instruments.

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Guo, Zhi Jun, and Huan Mei Yan. "Design and Implementation of Digital Signal Generator Based on LPC2132." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 1869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.1869.

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A design method of the digital signal generator, based on LPC2132 as the master control chip, is introduced in this paper. The system has used of a chip of the direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS) and a complex programmable logic device(CPLD) to produce the sine wave, square wave and triangle wave, and has designed circuits of analog signal amplification and gain control. Realized the switch of different signal through the keyboard, it is a new kind of the digital signal source, which has performances including stabilizing waveform, higher precision, adjustable amplitude and frequency on the permitted scope.

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Ziebart, J., S. Fan, C. Schulze, P. W. Kämmerer, R. Bader, and A. Jonitz-Heincke. "Effects of interfacial micromotions on vitality and differentiation of human osteoblasts." Bone & Joint Research 7, no. 2 (2018): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2046-3758.72.bjr-2017-0228.r1.

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Objectives Enhanced micromotions between the implant and surrounding bone can impair osseointegration, resulting in fibrous encapsulation and aseptic loosening of the implant. Since the effect of micromotions on human bone cells is sparsely investigated, an in vitro system, which allows application of micromotions on bone cells and subsequent investigation of bone cell activity, was developed. Methods Micromotions ranging from 25 µm to 100 µm were applied as sine or triangle signal with 1 Hz frequency to human osteoblasts seeded on collagen scaffolds. Micromotions were applied for six hours per day over three days. During the micromotions, a static pressure of 527 Pa was exerted on the cells by Ti6Al4V cylinders. Osteoblasts loaded with Ti6Al4V cylinders and unloaded osteoblasts without micromotions served as controls. Subsequently, cell viability, expression of the osteogenic markers collagen type I, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin, as well as gene expression of osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand, matrix metalloproteinase-1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, were investigated. Results Live and dead cell numbers were higher after 25 µm sine and 50 µm triangle micromotions compared with loaded controls. Collagen type I synthesis was downregulated in respective samples. The metabolic activity and osteocalcin expression level were higher in samples treated with 25 µm micromotions compared with the loaded controls. Furthermore, static loading and micromotions decreased the osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of NF-κB ligand ratio. Conclusion Our system enables investigation of the behaviour of bone cells at the bone-implant interface under shear stress induced by micromotions. We could demonstrate that micromotions applied under static pressure conditions have a significant impact on the activity of osteoblasts seeded on collagen scaffolds. In future studies, higher mechanical stress will be applied and different implant surface structures will be considered. Cite this article: J. Ziebart, S. Fan, C. Schulze, P. W. Kämmerer, R. Bader, A. Jonitz-Heincke. Effects of interfacial micromotions on vitality and differentiation of human osteoblasts. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:187–195. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.72.BJR-2017-0228.R1.

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Wibowo, Andre Dwi, Yusnelli Yusnelli, and Sastra Munafri. "Teknik Garapan dalam Komposisi Musik “The Sound of Gasiang Tangkurak” (Techniques in the Musical Composition of “The Sound of Gasiang Tangkurak”)." Musica: Journal of Music 2, no. 1 (2022): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26887/musica.v2i1.2310.

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Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjabarkan teknik dalam penggarapan komposisi musik multimedia yang berjudul The Sound of Gasiang Tangkurak. Gagasan komposisi musik ini berangkat dari ritual magis basirompak, yang terdapat di Nagari Taeh Baruah Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota. Musik ini digarap menjadi sebuah karya musik electroacoustic. Penggarapan karya bertujuan untuk menjabarkan Teknik dalam menggunakan software Digital Audio Workstation (DAW), Virtual Studio Tecnology (VST), midi controller, sample atau library sound dan beberapa event fx, yaitu berupa tahapan mixing seperti balancing (Volume, Panning, Autamation), Dinamic fx (Compressor, Multiband compressor, Limiter), Modulation fx ¬(Chorus, Phaser, Delay) dan Stereo Imager (Left-Right, dan Mid-Side) hinggal menghasilkan karya musik. Selain itu karya ini juga menggunakan teknik-teknik sound design, yaitu pengolahan audio shyntesis yang meliputi wave shape (sine, square, triangle, sawtooth), LFO (low frekuensi oscillator) dan juga envelope (attack, decay, sustain dan relase). Metode yang digunakan dalam karya dan dijabarkan dalam artikel ini adalah ekplorasi, eksperimentasi, dan perwujudan. Hasil dalam artikel ini berupa teknik yang digunakan dalam membuat karya musik electroacoustic berjudul The Sound of Gasiang TangkurakABSTRACTThis article aims to describe the techniques in composing a multimedia music composition entitled The Sound of Gasiang Tangkurak. The idea of this musical composition departs from the magical ritual of the basirompak, which is found in Nagari Taeh Baruah, Limapuluh Kota Regency. This music was made into a work of electroacoustic music. The purpose of this work is to describe techniques for using Digital Audio Workstation (DAW) software, Virtual Studio Technology (VST), midi controllers, sound samples or libraries and several fx events, namely in the form of mixing stages such as balancing (Volume, Panning, Authentication), Dynamic fx (Compressor, Multiband compressor, Limiter), Modulation fx (Chorus, Phaser, Delay) and Stereo Imager (Left-Right, and Mid-Side) to produce music. In addition, this work also uses sound design techniques, namely audio synthesis processing which includes wave shape (sine, square, triangle, sawtooth), LFO (low frequency oscillator) and envelope (attack, decay, sustain and release). The methods used in this work and described in this article are exploration, experimentation, and embodiment. The results in this article are the techniques used in making electroacoustic music entitled The Sound of Gasiang Tangkurak.

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Argiti, Katerina, Kevin Joseph, Soheil Mottaghi, Thomas J. Feuerstein, and Ulrich G. Hofmann. "Deep brain stimulation: increasing efficiency by alternative waveforms." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2, no. 1 (2016): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2016-0034.

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AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is based on the effect of high frequency stimulation (HFS) in neuronal tissue. As a therapy option for patients suffering from e.g. Parkinson’s disease, DBS has been used for decades. Despite the widespread use, the effect of HFS on neurons is not fully investigated. Improving the stimulation efficiency und specificity could increase the efficiency of the INS (internal neuronal stimulator) as well as potentially reduce unwanted side effects. The effect of HFS on the GABAergic system was quantified using whole cell patch clamp electrophysiology during HFS stimulation in cortical human brain slices in vitro. Rectangular, sine, sawtooth and triangular waveforms were applied extracellularly. Since HFS has been hypothesized to increase the activity of the axons of GABAergic interneurons, a decrease in activity can be observed in the pyramidal cells that the interneurons project to. By isolating the incoming non- GABAergic events, we can filter out only the GABAA currents which can be verified using a GABAA antagonist. The results show that all the waveforms effectively increase the GABAA currents. The triangle waveform causes the highest significant increase in the activity which further increases over time after the stimulation was turned off.

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Lee, Sang K., Miriam Legare, and Hao P. Zhang. "Conjugate Eye Movements: Comparison of Cerebral Palsied and Normal Adults,." Perceptual and Motor Skills 81, no. 2 (1995): 575–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003151259508100244.

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Stimulus-driven binocular pursuit and saccadic movements (±4°, ±8°; 0.3 Hz, 0.5 Hz) were measured in 6 cerebral palsied adults and 5 normal adults using a head-free corneal reflection technique. Correlation coefficients for binocular position and r2 were calculated; the latter were pooled for each group into 6 categories of eye movement: horizontal and vertical triangle and sine wave pursuit and saccades. The differences between the group means r2 in each category were tested by the Mann-Whitney U. The eye positions were statistically less conjugate for the cerebral palsy group in all categories. The differences and similarities between the groups are discussed with regard to neural and muscular control, visuomotor development, and organization of the visuomotor system.

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Wang, Yi Jun. "Based on the Max038 Digital Function Signal Generator Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (March 2013): 1252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.1252.

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£oIn this paper, based on analysis of existing signal generator according to the system of indicators to a reasonable use of single-chip high-frequency precision function generator MAX038 control to produce the periodic waveform of the triangle wave, sine wave and square wave three. MAX038 chip as the core, the use of converters, digitally controlled potentiometers, electronic switches, proportional amplifier waveform type, amplitude, frequency programmable to adjust. The design frequency of mediation a wide range of high stability, and display are intuitive and easy to control. The high precision affordable price can be widely used in a variety of electronic measurement and control applications. Confirmed by the measurement of the effectiveness and feasibility of this program.

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Eid, Mahmoud M. A., Ashraf S. Seliem, Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed, Abd El-Naser A. Mohammed, Mohamed Yassin Ali, and Shaimaa S. Abaza. "High speed pulse generators with electro-optic modulators based on different bit sequence for the digital fiber optic communication links." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 21, no. 2 (2021): 957–67. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i2.pp957-967.

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The paper outlines the simulation of various pulse generators for the enhancement of optical fiber access transmission networks within flow rate of 10 Gbps and transmission range of 100 km. The pulse generators are gaussian, hyperbolic secant, triangle, sine, raised cosine in the transmission stage. Proposed pulse generators are mixed with both electro-absorption modulator (EAM) and Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) for efficient transmission. We have compared the max. the quality factor with using proposed pulse generators against nonreturn to zero (NRZ) return to zero (RZ) pulse generators in the previous research works for different bit sequences. The signal power amplitude is tested for both optical fiber and PIN photodetector optical time-domain visualizer and RF spectrum analyzer by using in the optimum cases for different bit sequence. It is observed that proposed pulse generators/EAM have presented an efficient increase in Qfactor value compared with proposed pulse generators/MZM for different bit sequences.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sine Triangle'

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