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Prendergast, A. "Scientific Biography in the United States." Choice Reviews Online 46, no. 02 (October 1, 2008): 227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.46.02.227.
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Xiong, Yahuan. "Musical symbolism in the mirror of vocal performance poetics (on the material of Lesia Dychko’s vocal cycle “Moods”)." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 69, no. 69 (December 28, 2023): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-69.04.
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Statement of the problem. Vocal performance is an impotent component of the national dimension of Ukrainian musical culture, it is not only choral, but also the solo singing. Currently, it is singers who are often raising the bar of interest in the composer’s person. Getting to know the meaning-making mechanism of symbolism owing to the isolation of the singing-gender component of the vocal image focuses the urgency of the topic at a practical level. In our case, it is the timbre-image of the soprano as the personification of “Ukrainian femininity”. The originality of female chamber and vocal lyrics is evidenced by Lesia Dychko’s early opus “Moods”, which represents the poetry by Lesia Ukrainka, a brilliant woman-poetess, whose name is not well known in China. The non-accidental nature of such a “meeting” of spiritually related female artists attracts the attention of performers. Objectives, methods, and novelty of the research. Given the multifaceted relevance of the chosen topic, the purpose of the study combines the following scientific tasks: to reveal the peculiarities of the musical symbolism of Lesia Dychko’s vocal cycle “Moods” and its performance reproduction from the point of view of the timbre role of the soprano on the example of the premiere performance of the composition. The research material is a video recording of the first performance of Lesia Dychko’s cycle the “Moods” by the laureate of international competitions Yuliia Radkevych (soprano) accompanied by the Academic Symphony Orchestra of the Kharkiv Philharmonic (the conductor – People’s Artist of Ukraine Yurii Yanko), in the author’s evening of the composer at Kharkiv (2017, December 7). Research methods are determined by its topic, material and aim. The key research approach are cognitive, which unit the stylistic, genre, intonation and performing types of music analysis. The symbol is understood as a musical-auditory phenomenon aimed at reflecting the invisible, hidden in the available timbre-sound images of the composition (at the different levels of text semantics – poetic, intonation, timbre-performing). Lesia Dychko’s style is quite often the subject of musicological studies. Let us point to the monograph by S. Hrytsya (2012), the article by H. Lunina (2013). The theory of the symbol in music is represented by the concept of Yu. Nikolaievska and L. Shapovalova (2021), as well as an interesting article by P. Palmer (2007). However, the study on the problem of the performing poetics in the system of value coordinates of musical symbolism is absent. The results of the research. The three-movement composition of “Moods” combined miniatures from different years: “On a Boat” (1964), “The Little Apple Tree” (1965–1968), “The Night Was Quiet and Dark” (1964). In 1980, the author combined individual solos into a vocal cycle like memories from the album. The reflected moods – the heroes, their feelings, events, imaginative states – are not connected by a single plot, but belong to the “biography” of one Author and are united by the sound of a lyrical soprano voice. The introduction of Oleksii Palazhchenko’s poem “The Little Apple Tree” into Lesia Ukrainka’s poetic text leads to double world quality – the stereophony of “feminine” and “masculine” in a single artistic concept. According to the author’s plan, neither the words nor the music of “Moods” are dominant: they should be consonant. Under such conditions, the completeness of the sound-image picture is visualized, which is built on the counterpoint of the soprano cantilena singing embodying of the concept of “the heart”, and the timbre contrast of the piano (or string orchestra) – the personification of the voices of nature (“a starling flashed far away”, “the wind sighed sadly in the garden”). The theme of nature runs through the entire vocal cycle. Therefore, the “core” of female love lyrics in the first vocal opus of the young gifted author is purely romantic psychology of human feelings. However, their embodiment by the leading singer, in the richness of soprano timbres, reveals more than the usual world of female love: there is a qualitative jump in the listener’s perception of the meanings of music – the transition from an image to a symbol. Conclusion. On the example of the performance analysis of Lesia Dychko’s vocal cycle “Moods”, the problem of symbolizing musical language as a sign of modern stylistic thinking is posed. The understanding and reproduction of the symbol as a musical-auditory phenomenon presupposes the singer’s previous thorough intellectual work aimed at the musical work as a cryptogram, in which, including due to the timbre personification of the voice, the symbolic artistic world comes to life. In Lesia Dychko’s cycle, it is the secret world of female Love, inspired by the deep images of Lesia Ukrainka’s poetry and passed through the composer’s own female self, personified by the soprano timbre. Thanks to her high culture of symbolic thinking and excellent command of vocal technique, the first performer of the work, the soprano singer Yuliya Radkevich visualized the “hidden world” of Lesya Dychko’s love lyrics “Moods” vividly, organically, inspired, with a subtle sense of spiritual kinship with its lyrical heroine and its Author. Hence, the first performance of the cycle presented by Yulia Radkevich appears as an ideal version of the feminine interpretation. Thus, Lesia Ukrainka’s voiced poetry, dedicated to the greatness of the female spirit, the Gift of Love, testifies to the ontological ability of music to serve as an eternal symbol – of the invisible world of the human soul.
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Бережна, Світлана, and Олена Дьякова. "ACTIVITIES OF BORIS HMYRYA DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR." КОНСЕНСУС, no. 1 (2024): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2024-01/046-059.
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The work’s aim is to highlight Boris Romanovych Hmyria’s life during the Second World War. The methodological basis of the work are the principles of historicism, objectivity and systematicity. The article is based on philosophical and special scientific methods of the socio-humanitarian sphere of scientific knowledge. The scientific novelty consists in the study of the activities of B. Hmyria during the Second World War. The singer's biography of 1939-1945 is recreated, and important events that happened in his life at that time and in the post-war period are determined. Conclusions. The life of Boris Romanovych Hmyria during the Second World War can be divided into three stages: before the Nazi occupation (1.09.1939–22.10.1941), during the Nazi occupation (24.10.1941–25.03.1944) and after the Nazi occupation (25.03.1944–2.09.1945). All three stages and post-war life unite performances on stage, improvement of creative potential, and love of the public. But there are peculiarities. At the beginning of the war, B. Hmyria’s career was beginning and was successful, as evidenced by the award of Honored Artist of the Ukrainian SSR in 1941. The second stage is marked by the fact that the singer was a civilian prisoner (as told to him by the head of the Poltava Opera Z. Wolfer) and was forced to perform where he was ordered. This period negatively affected the future life of the man. After the liberation of Ukraine from the German occupiers, the attitude of some of the colleagues towards Boris Romanovych was negative. Despite the support of the Soviet government and the boundless love of the public, persecution in the theatre led to the premature death of the artist. It should be noted that the biography of B. Hmyria was typical for actors who survived the Nazi occupation, and differed only in that he did not survive the arrest and prison term, like many others. He had the opportunity to emigrate to the West, but his boundless love for Ukraine forced him to stay in his native land.
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Graber, Katie J. "Affect, language, race, voice: opera singers in nineteenth-century United States." Ethnomusicology Forum 29, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 40–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17411912.2020.1808500.
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Fryer, Paul. "Musicians as heroes: Black singers in the United States and Jamaica." New Community 13, no. 2 (September 1986): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369183x.1986.9975969.
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Lookingbill, Brad. "Weisner And Hartford, Eds., American Portraits - Biographies In United States History." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 23, no. 2 (September 1, 1998): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.23.1.92-94.
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Teaching historians often assign biography to supplement reading lists for the introductory survey classroom, even though selecting which life to share might be a difficult process. Biography represents a unique form of history and literature, inviting a reader to come to terms with the significance of human agency. Indeed, a biography possesses the potential to reveal how a particular person influenced and was influenced by broader historical forces.
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Phillips, Carla Rahn, and William D. Phillips. "Christopher Columbus in United States Historiography: Biography as Projection." History Teacher 25, no. 2 (February 1992): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/494269.
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Feng, Qingqing. "Comparative Analysis of Sino-US Pop Singer's Influence in the New Media Era." International Journal of Arts and Humanities Studies 3, no. 2 (April 15, 2023): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijahs.2023.3.2.3.
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Popular music has clearly permeated every aspect of modern society, whether it is through active participation in streaming media or opening music software, or passive acceptance while doing business in coffee shops and retail malls. The United States has long been at the top of the world music market, and its pop music has influenced the trend of contemporary pop music. In recent years, with the continuous development of the music industry, pop music has gradually become an important aspect that demonstrates the cultural soft power of the country and region. The struggle between China and the United States in terms of soft power has been fiercer in light of globalization and rivalry between the two nations. This article will refer to the "Billboard" list of the most influential singles in the United States in recent years and the "Grammy" award, the most authoritative music award, to introduce several influential Chinese singers overseas and representative American singers. Comparing and analyzing the current Chinese and American popular music and comparing their influence is of great significance for grasping the development trend of the times, understanding popular trends, enhancing the soft power of Chinese culture, and using music as a carrier to promote Chinese culture to the world stage.
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Barilleaux, Ryan J. "Gonzo biography." Review of Politics 68, no. 2 (May 2006): 347–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670506280136.
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The single organizing fact of the Cold War was “the bomb.” In our present age of unipolarity, globalization, and the clash of civilizations, it is useful to remember that our current complexities exist only because the previous age of stark simplicity has passed into history. The decades from the end of World War II until the fall of Communism were years shaped by a nuclear standoff. The threat of nuclear conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union framed the politics and culture of the age. This framing was especially apparent in the 1950s and 1960s, before arms-control agreements lent an air of manageability to nuclear politics.
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Edward Beauchamp. "Education and Biography in the Contemporary United States: An Introduction." Biography 13, no. 1 (1990): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bio.2010.0381.
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CHANG, HYUN KYONG HANNAH. "Transcending the Past: Singing and the Lingering Cold War in the Korean Christian Diaspora." Twentieth-Century Music 18, no. 3 (October 2021): 447–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478572221000207.
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AbstractProtestant music in South Korea has received little attention in ethnomusicology despite the fact that Protestant Christianity was one of the most popular religions in twentieth-century Korea. This has meant a missed opportunity to consider the musical impact of a religious institution that mediated translocal experiences between South Korea and the United States during the Cold War period (1950s–1980s). This article explores the politics of music style in South Korean diasporic churches through an ethnography of a church choir in California. I document these singers’ preference for European-style choral music over neotraditional pieces that incorporate the aesthetics of suffering from certain Korean traditional genres. I argue that their musical judgement must be understood in the context of their lived and remembered experience of power inequalities between the United States and South Korea. Based on my interviews with the singers, I show that they understand hymns and related Euro-American genres as healing practices that helped them overcome a difficult past and hear traditional vocal music as sonic icons of Korea's sad past. The article outlines a pervasive South Korean/Korean diasporic historical consciousness that challenges easy conceptions of identity and agency in music studies.
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Berlin, Robert H. "United States Army World War II Corps Commanders: A Composite Biography." Journal of Military History 53, no. 2 (April 1989): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1985746.
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Whittaker, A. J. "Homer Sings the Blues." Greece and Rome 41, no. 1 (April 1994): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383500023147.
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In a recent edition of this journal, G. M. Sifakis looked at possible Homeric echoes in modern Greek folksong. This paper may be regarded as a coda to that article. Like a satyr play coming after the major dramas it is not entirely serious, but it is not entirely flippant either. My aim is to offer some comparisons between the Homeric tradition and that of the blues singers of the (originally, southern) United States.
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Saffle, Michael. "Family Values: The Trapp Family Singers in North America, 1938-1956." Canadian University Music Review 24, no. 2 (March 8, 2013): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1014583ar.
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Overlooked or ignored for decades by music historians and specialists in performance practices, the real-life Trapp Family Singers achieved enormous success especially in Canada and the United States during the late 1930s, 1940s, and early 1950s through their appeal to—and consequent reception in terms of—"family values." These values included, but were not altogether limited to, the Trapp's Christian faith, patriotic activities, and contributions to charitable causes, as well as the wholesome image associated with the family's private lives, their Vermont "Sing Weeks," and their more than 1,800 estimated concert appearances.
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Reidy, David A. "Rawls and Racial Justice in the United States." Tocqueville Review 43, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ttr.43.1.69.
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It has become increasingly common for students and scholars to criticize Rawls’s work as irrelevant, or worse, when it comes to issues of race and justice. Though he clearly judges both structural and systemic racial hierarchy and interpersonal racial disrespect to be non-controversially unjust, Rawls does not much explore, either in his ideal theory or in his non-ideal theory, issues at the intersection of race and justice. In this essay, drawing from both his texts and biography, I highlight some of Rawls’s thoughts on, and the seriousness with which he approached, these matters. Though I do not attempt to answer all the criticisms that have been raised regarding Rawls’s approach to issues of race and justice, I answer a few and to point the way toward resources that might prove fruitful in answering others. With respect to issues of race and justice, there are good reasons, better than critics typically acknowledge, to continue exploring the extent to which working from within a Rawlsian framework we can successfully think through our aspirational ideals and eliminate existing injustices.
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Petty, Brian E. "Diagnosis and Treatment for the Professional Singer." Perspectives on Voice and Voice Disorders 23, no. 1 (March 2013): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/vvd23.1.15.
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Experts use the term “professional voice users” to denote the segment of the population for whom the voice is used as a primary tool of their occupation. In the United States, this term applies to a staggering 25–35% of the national workforce (Titze, Lemke, & Montequin, 1997; Wingate, Brown, Shrivastav, Davenport, & Sapienza, 2007). Professional singers are a highly visible and specialized cohort within the population of professional voice users and can present an unusual but not insurmountable challenge for physicians and speech-language pathologists charged with their voice care.
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Kubyshkin, Alexander, and Ivan Kurilla. "“Reluctant Diplomat”: Nikolai Vasilievich Novikov’s Biography Pages." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 1 (March 2024): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2024.1.8.
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Introduction. The article analyzes the biography and diplomatic activities of Nikolai Vasilievich Novikov (1903–1989), a Soviet diplomat who represented the USSR in Cairo and in Washington during World War II and took part in the efforts to establish a new system of international relations at the beginning of the Cold War. Methods and materials. The article is based on published texts by Nikolai Novikov himself, diplomatic documents, periodicals, and materials from his personal archive, deposited in the Archive of the European University at St. Petersburg by the diplomat’s family. Analysis. The authors examine Novikov’s biography, the reasons for his rapid career in the People’s Commissariat of Foreign Affairs, his relations with Soviet foreign policy managers, and the circumstances of his resignation at a relatively young age. Special attention is paid to Novikov’s activities in the United States in the context of the emerging Cold War, the place of Novikov’s note (cable) in the process of shaping Soviet approaches to relations with the United States, and his own attitude to these approaches. Results. Novikov’s contribution to the shaping of the postwar world is underappreciated, as are his attempts to resist the changes that were breaking Soviet-American cooperation in the international arena. In fact, the strategic concepts formulated by Novikov in a memo to Molotov were the basis of the official Soviet interpretation of the causes and nature of the Cold War and were included in Soviet school and university textbooks on universal history and the history of international relations. Authors’ contributions. A.I. Kubyshkin analyzed the most important stages of Nikolai Novikov’s diplomatic activity and the general situation in relations between the USSR and the USA during the Second World War. He assessed Novikov’s activities from the political leadership of the USSR and foreign countries in which the Soviet diplomat worked. He also examined the most important aspects of the activities of Soviet diplomacy reflected in Novikov’s memoirs and carried out their internal criticism as a historical source. I.I. Kurilla processed the archive of Nikolai Novikov and identified and analyzed the corpus of sources of personal origin. He also analyzed the contents of Nikolai Novikov’s personal diaries, reviewed the personal contribution of N.V. Novikov in developing a strategy in relations with the United States in the initial period of the Cold War, and compared the contents of the “long telegram” of J. Kennan and the “Novikov telegram”.
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Griffiths, Jonathan. "Lives and works — biography and the law of copyright." Legal Studies 20, no. 4 (November 2000): 485–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.2000.tb00156.x.
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In both the United Kingdom and the United States, there have been a substantial number of copyright disputes concerning the creation of biographical works. Prominent recent examples have involved J D Salinger and Sir Stephen Spender. In many such disputes, the claimant's motive for bringing infringement proceedings is not financial but ‘personal’— for example, to protect privacy or reputation. In this article, it is argued that, when copyright is employed for such motives, inconsistent results can arise. In particular, in such cases, it is demonstrated that the possession of a copyright interest is capable of providing a number of apparently inequitable advantages to claimants whose privacy or reputation is threatened.
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Zenkevich, I. V. "Archibald Cary Coolidge: A Promoter of Russian Studies in the United States." Язык и текст 3, no. 3 (2016): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2016030307.
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The article is dedicated to the contribution of Harvard professor Archibald Cary Coolidge and his students into the rise and development of Russian studies in American Universities. The author believes that it was due to their personal interest and enthusiasm that the Russian language began to be taught in the USA universities. The article provides information about Coolidge’s biography, his approach to teaching Russian, and his work aimed at popularizing Russian and introducing it into the American higher education curriculum.
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Yoffee, Norman. "Robert McCormick Adams: An Archaeological Biography." American Antiquity 62, no. 3 (July 1997): 399–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/282162.
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Robert Adams celebrated his 70th birthday on July 23, 1996. Forty years ago American Antiquity published his first journal article, which helped launch a remarkable career. Adams has influenced not only fundamental aspects of social evolutionary theory and archaeological reconnaissance surveys but also the structure of support for science in the United States and abroad. At the 1996 meetings of the Society for American Archaeology, Adams was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal. This essay traces the intellectual influences on Adams, the progress of his fieldwork, and the exposition and development of his ideas in his monographs and major essays. The significance of his work is assessed, and a bibliography of his principal archaeological writings is included.
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Guerini, Andréia, Antonia de Jesus Sales, and Odile Cisneros. "Clarice Lispector’s translators in the United States." Revista Brasileira de Literatura Comparada 24, no. 47 (December 2022): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2596-304x20222447agajsoc.
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ABSTRACT Clarice Lispector’s entry as an author into the United States happens at different moments, beginning in the 1950s, with the translation of several short stories, carried out among others by Elizabeth Bishop, culminating with a biography of the author written in English by Benjamin Moser in 2009, and a little later, with the publication of the short stories and other pieces, in the emblematic edition entitled The Complete Stories, in 2015, edited by Benjamin Moser and translated by Katrina Dodson. These publications put the translators in the spotlight, as they were responsible for renewing Clarice’s presence on American soil. This paper aims to research the translators of Clarice Lispector’s works in the English-speaking cultural system, considering only the American context. The aim is to highlight these professional figures who contributed to the dissemination of this important Brazilian writer abroad, analyze their profile, and also examine their presence and imprint on some of the translations performed, such as prefaces, postscripts, notes, etc., assessing the degree of visibility and invisibility (Venuti 2021). By considering the relevance of translators as social actors/dialogical bodies (Robinson, 1991, 2012) and as “translating subjects” (Berman, 1995) and the fact that English translations of Clarice’s works have influenced and stimulated the circulation of this author in other literary systems, by examining the biobibliographical profile, verifying its presence or not in the paratexts (Genette, 2009/Batchelor, 2018) of Clarice Lispector’s English-language translators and their translation position, as well as their project and horizon (Berman, 1995), we gain an understanding of the translation policies of a given cultural polysystem.
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Maxwell, William J., and Bill V. Mullen. "James Baldwin in the Fire This Time." James Baldwin Review 7, no. 1 (September 28, 2021): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/jbr.7.9.
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William J. Maxwell, editor of James Baldwin: The FBI File (2017), interviews Bill V. Mullen on his 2019 biography, James Baldwin: Living in Fire, along the way touching on both Baldwin’s early internationalism and his relevance to the current wave of racial discord and interracial possibility in the United States.
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Ferguson, Robert. "Remembering Tom Heck and His Legacy." Soundboard Scholar 7, no. 1 (2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.56902/sbs.2021.7.18.
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An obituary of Thomas Heck (1943–2021), outlining his contributions to guitar scholarship, especially with reference to his seminal biography of Giuliani and his research into musical iconography. This article also describes his contribution to the classical guitar community in the United States, as the founding visionary of the Guitar Foundation of America.
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Murphy, John W., Steven L. Arxer, and Linda L. Belgrave. "The Life Course Metaphor: Implications for Biography and Interpretive Research." Qualitative Sociology Review 6, no. 1 (December 27, 2021): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.6.1.02.
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This paper reviews qualitative research in the United States, highlighting the ways research has changed in the era of the third age. With growing attention to positive and uplifting aspects of aging, qualitative research has played a critical role in the exploration of the ways in which older adults are engaging in meaningful ways with others. We describe two key methodological approaches that have been important to examining positive aspects of aging and exploring the extent to which a growing number of years of healthy retirement are redefining the aging experience: ethnographic research and grounded theory research. We also review key topics associated with qualitative research in the era of the third age. These topics fit within two dominant frameworks – research exploring meaningmaking in later life and research exploring meaningful engagement in later life. These frameworks were critically important to raising attention to meaningful experiences and interactions with others, and we propose that the agenda for future qualitative research in the United States should continue contributing to these frameworks. However, we note that a third framework should also be developed which examines what it means to be a third age through use of a phenomenological approach, which will assist in the important task of theory building about the third age.
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Jackson, Michael D. "Between Biography and Ethnography." Harvard Theological Review 101, no. 3-4 (October 2008): 377–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816008001910.
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My point of departure in this essay is Davíd Carrasco's Convocation Address at the Harvard Divinity School in September 2006. Speaking of the borderlands between Mexico and the United States, Carrasco projects an image of a vexed and ambiguous zone that is not merely geographic or political; it defines an existential situation of being betwixt and between, of struggle and suffering, that Karl Jaspers sums up in the term Grenzsituationen (borders/limit situations). The frontier throws up images of borderline experiences, of a destabilized and transgressive consciousness in which “dreams, repressed memories, psychological transferences and associations” possess greater presence than they do in ordinary waking life, and religious experiences emerge from the unconscious like apparitions. This interplay between borderlands and borderline phenomena—between “the differences we have with others and the conflicts within ourselves” also finds expression in the work of Gloria Anzaldúa. “Mestiza consciousness,” she observes, may be identified with a “juncture … where phenomena collide.” This implies “a shock culture, a border culture, a third country” where migrants find themselves at the limits of what they can endure, border patrol agents are stretched beyond the limits of what they can control, and intellectuals find that orthodox ways of describing and analyzing the world do not do justice to the experiences involved.
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Abeshouse, Marnie, Scott Goldstein, and Benjamin Phillips. "Mark M. Ravitch: A Staple in Surgical History and Innovation." American Surgeon 86, no. 2 (February 2020): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313482008600212.
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Mark M. Ravitch is a surgeon worth acknowledging. He is credited for revolutionizing pediatric surgery as a subspecialty, mastering chest wall deformities and introducing the surgical stapler to the United States, to name a few. Above all, he was a notable leader, teacher, and author. This historical vingette is a brief snapshot of his biography and various achievements.
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STRAS, LAURIE. "White Face, Black Voice: Race, Gender, and Region in the Music of the Boswell Sisters." Journal of the Society for American Music 1, no. 2 (May 2007): 207–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752196307070083.
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The New Orleans hot jazz vocal trio the Boswell Sisters was one of the leading ensembles of the 1930s. Enormously popular with audiences, the Boswells were also recognized by colleagues and peers to be among the finest singers, instrumentalists, and arrangers of their day. Many jazz historians remember them as the first successful white singers who truly “sounded black,” yet they rarely interrogate what “sounding black” meant for the Boswells, not only in technical or musical terms but also as an expression of the cultural attitudes and ideologies that shape stylistic judgments. The Boswells' audience understood vocal blackness as a cultural trope, though that understanding was simultaneously filtered through minstrelsy's legacy and challenged by the new entertainment media. Moreover, the sisters' southern femininity had the capacity to further contexualize and “color” both their musical output and its reception. This essay examines what it meant for a white voice to sound black in the United States during the early 1930s, and charts how the Boswells permeated the cultural, racial, and gender boundaries implicit in both blackness and southernness as they developed their collective musical voice.
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Filimonova, Maria. "Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (1746–1825): Three-Time Presidential Candidate of the United States." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 3 (2022): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640020236-7.
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Charles Cotesworth Pinckney is one of the forgotten “founding fathers” of the United States. His diverse military, political and diplomatic activities have been poorly studied in American historiography and have received little attention on the part of Russian Americanists. The study of his biography is particularly relevant in the light of current trends in American society, where the activities of the “founding fathers” are viewed narrowly, solely through the prism of slavery and racism. Hence the aim of this article is to use the biography of a Southerner from the revolutionary era to illustrate how the defence of slavery could be combined with the values of classical republicanism and the principles of the Enlightenment in the worldview of the "founding fathers". The source base of the study is largely founded on the electronic archive of the Pinckney family, published by the University of Virginia. Publications of the debates of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and materials of the ratification campaign, as well as South Carolina periodicals were also used. From available sources, the author concludes that Pinckney followed the ethical models of classical republicanism. In politics, Pinckney aimed at a republic ruled by virtue and talent. However, like an ancient polis, Pinckney’s ideal state was a state of a free minority. From his point of view, freedom and equality had nothing to do with slaves. Nevertheless, he remained in history as one of the authors of the US Constitution, and as a diplomat who refused to submit to extortion by the French Directory. He ran for president of the United States three times and, although he lost each time, he emerged from the ordeal with an unblemished reputation, which was rare in a fiercely partisan struggle.
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Parker, Elizabeth Cassidy. "Uncovering adolescent choral singers’ philosophical beliefs about music-making: A qualitative inquiry." International Journal of Music Education 29, no. 4 (October 11, 2011): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0255761411421092.
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The purpose of this qualitative inquiry was to investigate adolescent choral singers’ philosophical beliefs regarding music-making within three different, mid-sized, Midwestern mixed choirs in the United States. Eighteen participants were interviewed for approximately 40 minutes each. Audio files were transcribed and coded with four themes resulting: (1) music-making as a simultaneously feelingful experience for participants; (2) musical knowing as interpersonal knowing; (3) expressed music as expressed feeling; and (4) music-making as enlightening. Participants verified the data through member checks. The presence of a peer de-briefer helped the investigator work through potential ethical issues. The findings reflect many ideas within the field of music philosophy including aesthetic perception, expressiveness by convention, music-making as distinctly human and art as self-unification. Findings also aligned with past studies regarding participants’ expressed meaning of musical experiences including areas such as social growth, expression of emotion, increased self-confidence, and development of personal character. Future suggestions for study include investigating perspectives of individual performers and participants who engage in different music ensembles to strengthen understanding of contextual factors.
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Sergieva, Natalia S. "American Stage of Pitirim Sorokin’s Linguistic Biography." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 16, no. 1 (December 15, 2019): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2019-16-1-35-44.
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The article discusses the features of the bilingualism of an eminent sociologist of the twentieth century Pitirim Sorokin in the American period of his life. The purpose of the study is to identify and explain the linguistic features of his scientific thinking in connection with the development of his scientific worldview. The study is based on the materials of Pitirim A. Sorokin Collection at the University of Saskatchewan (Canada). Archival manuscripts and research notes allow us to trace the process of changing the language and switching codes in the professional activities of Pitirim Sorokin after moving to the United States of America. It has been established that the use of a mixed metalanguage by Pitirim Sorokin can be considered as additional evidence of the continued connection with the Russian period of his life and scientific activity. Russian remained for him a tool of scientific thinking, planning and management.
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Wang, Yi. "Hip-Hop Music and Social Identity - An Analysis on the Construction of Jim Smith in the Movie ‘8 Mile’." Asian Journal of Social Science Studies 6, no. 4 (November 18, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ajsss.v6i4.952.
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When it comes to American hip-hop music and rap music, people always think of the African American singers in loose clothes, the flashing lights on the dirty stage, all kinds of alcohol and cigarettes, as well as many drunken scenes. However, such a familiar scene is indeed an authentic portrayal of the United States. If you have heard about hip hop music, it is not difficult to find that many hip-hop lyrics are often full of dirty abuse, cold ridicule and sharp criticism. In a sense, hip hop music and rap music can be considered a kind of 'voice resistance' from the lower class of American society. However, it has not changed their current situation, and hip hop music and rap music are still regarded as inappropriate for children and teenagers. It is noteworthy that in recent years, with the popularity of hip-hop music, people from all over the world have gradually paid attention to this unique music style. At the same time, more and more people from the lower class of the United States are also be concerned by the U.S. government.
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Kimmage, Michael. "Gary Murrell. “The Most Dangerous Communist in the United States”: A Biography of Herbert Aptheker." American Historical Review 122, no. 3 (June 2017): 875–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/122.3.875.
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Madura Ward-Steinman, Patrice. "Vocal Improvisation and Creative Thinking by Australian and American University Jazz Singers A Factor Analytic Study." Journal of Research in Music Education 56, no. 1 (April 2008): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022429408322458.
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In this study, the author investigated factors underlying vocal improvisation achievement and relationships with the singers' musical background. Participants were 102 college students in Australia and the United States who performed 3 jazz improvisations and 1 free improvisation. Jazz improvisations were rated on rhythmic, tonal, and creative thinking criteria; free improvisations were rated only on creativity criteria. The results are as follows: (a) A significant difference was found between jazz and free improvisation achievement; (b) extensive jazz experience, especially study and listening, was found to be significantly correlated with vocal improvisation achievement; (c) 3 factors were found to underlie jazz improvisation: jazz syntax, vocal creativity, and tonal musicianship; and (d) 3 factors were found to underlie free improvisation: musical syntax, vocal creativity, and scat syllable creativity.
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Shumakov, A. A. "THE LIFE OF MARTIN ROBINSON DELANY'S AND EVOLUTION HIS IDEOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL VIEWS." Vestnik Bryanskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta 01, no. 05 (March 25, 2021): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-01-141-153.
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This article examines the evolution of the ideological and political views of Martin Robinson Delany, who is credited with the first conceptual justification of the doctrine of "black nationalism" in the United States. The author analyzes the main milestones of the biography of this figure, his rich literary heritage, focusing on the consideration of the internal dialectics of Delany's political philosophy, the variability and inconsistency of his views at various stages of life. Special attention is paid to Delany's attitude to the ideology of pan-Africanism and black nationalism, as well as his controversy with Frederick Douglass. The uniqueness of the study lies in the fact that it is the first attempt in Russian academic science to present the biography and analysis of the ideological and theoretical heritage of an outstanding African-American public figure, an assessment of his contribution to the struggle for the rights of the black population in the United States. The source base is the work of Delany himself and his biographies, none of which has been translated into Russian. A number of sources are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The historical-genetic and historical-typological methods are used as specific historical methods in this work.
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beahrs, andrew. "Twain's Feast: ““The American”” at Table." Gastronomica 7, no. 2 (2007): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2007.7.2.26.
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While touring Europe in 1879, Mark Twain composed a long menu of the eighty American foods he professed to miss the most. Drawn from his own fondest memories of life in the United States, the menu allowed him to think of America without the bitterness that so often characterized his political commentary. Instead of a nation of hypocrisy and greed, he imagined a country of abundance and mighty appetite, the source of the folkways that he celebrated throughout his work. Maintaining this image required notable omissions, as he carefully constructed an image of America without details that could have undermined the contrast between the complex "shams" of Europe and his supposedly simple, genuine home country. The result was an idealized portrayal not only of the United States, but of Twain's own biography and authorial persona.
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Vad, Mikkel. "“Very Female, with the Allure of a Foreign Aura”: Vocality, Gender, and European Exoticism in the US Careers of Alice Babs and Caterina Valente." Journal of the Society for American Music 15, no. 4 (November 2021): 424–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752196321000304.
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Abstract“How can America import ‘American’ jazz?,” asked the music editor of Good Housekeeping, George Marek, in 1956. Marek answered, “Singers, particularly if they are very female, give the home-grown music the allure of a foreign aura.” Taking these statements as a starting point, this article gives an account of the US careers of Alice Babs and Caterina Valente. Gender, class, and ethnicity were key elements in the US construction of Babs's and Valente's musical personae, which was especially heard in their vocality, with an emphasis on high-pitched vocal stylings, melismas, and “white” timbres to signify gender and European exoticism. The US careers of Babs and Valente show us that musical Americanness or Europeanness are not created separately on either side of the Atlantic. Their European identities were not created in Europe and then imported to the United States but were created in the process of transmission into the United States. Importantly, the article argues that race and ethnicity were used by musicians, critics, and listeners to position Babs and Valente as Europeans. Their whiteness was transposed in a US context and their stories tell us as much about US ideologies of whiteness as it does about European ethnicities.
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Graham, Gordon. "Understanding America Better A Ten-book Challenge." Logos 23, no. 2 (2012): 31–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1878-4712-11111115.
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AbstractEleven Americans, including a publisher, an international entrepreneur, two librarians, an historian, an art designer, a real estate agent, an author, an academic, an IT consultant and a bibliophile, were asked to choose which ten books they would recommend to a new arrival in the United States. Their target was defined as literate in English, well read, and with an intelligent outsider's knowledge of the United States. The participants, who made their choices unbeknown to one another, were invited to annotate their choices. The result is a kaleidoscope of views and arguments, with surprisingly little overlap, reflecting the endless diversity of the subject. The earliest of the 87 titles recommended is dated 1786, the most recent 2011. They include the famous and the obscure, scholarly and popular, tomes and light reading, poetry and essays, history and biography, science and sociology.
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Halperin, Charles J. "(Re)Discovering George Vernadsky." Journal of Modern Russian History and Historiography 11, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 134–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22102388-01100006.
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Andrei Dvornichenko’s impressive Russkii istorik. Georgii Vernadskii. Puteshestviia v mire liudei, idei i sobytii is the first biography of the Russian émigré historian of Russia who was one of the founding fathers of the study of Russian history in the United States. Dvornichenko’s book surveys Vernadsky’s life and prodigious scholarly output in detail. It is now the standard work on the subject. Anyone interested in the Russian emigration, Russian historiography, or Russian history in general should read this monograph.
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Soliman, Maryan. ""The Most Dangerous Communist in the United States": A Biography of Herbert Aptheker by Gary Murrell." Journal of Southern History 83, no. 2 (2017): 479–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/soh.2017.0150.
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Gackle, Lynne, and C. Victor Fung. "Bringing the East to the West: A Case Study in Teaching Chinese Choral Music to a Youth Choir in the United States." Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, no. 182 (October 1, 2009): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27861463.
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Abstract The purpose of this case study ws to document and evaluate the process which 35 singers (ages 14 to 18 years) in a youth choir in the United States learned Chinese choral pieces during a fourmonth period. The researchers identified challenges and strategies used, and aided by 43 choral directors in China, evaluated the choir’s performance of these Chinese songs. Observations, interviews, and performance evaluations were the main methodologies used. Sources of data included choir members’, choir directors’, and researchers’ accounts of rehearsals and performances. The data revealed eight major themes. These themes concern the importance of parts to whole, the importance of visual and aural demonstration/feedback, aesthetic enjoyment and application of the challenge, high-achieving student profiles, understanding of lyrics and their cultural context, utilization of community culture bearers, extension to native experts, and cultural submersion providing musical and life insights. We conclude that strategies used were effective and resulted in student gains in four areas: musical, pedagogical, cultural, and attitudinal and personal.
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La Follette, Laetitia. "Looted Antiquities, Art Museums and Restitution in the United States since 1970." Journal of Contemporary History 52, no. 3 (July 27, 2016): 669–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009416641198.
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US attitudes towards restitution and the problem of looted antiquities have shifted since 1970, as pressure builds to change norms for the acquisition of unprovenanced artefacts that have fueled a transnational trade in stolen objects and the depredation of archaeological sites worldwide. This article traces several triggers for change and initial steps towards a revised policy while also cataloguing areas of resistance. It examines the mechanisms of US government policy for international heritage protection and suggests that domestic legislation of the 1990s protecting the heritage of Native Americans has played a significant role in changing museum attitudes and policies. The new transparency for indigenous artifacts has produced museum displays that address their ownership history, larger social context and the distinctly different values assigned them by various groups. For classical antiquities, in contrast, attention to aesthetics still trumps such vital contextual information. This article suggests a different approach, one that showcases the biography of the object, its various lives or contexts, and the way different stakeholders have valued it over time. By drawing attention to restitution and the looting of heritage sites, such an approach better explains the history of the work of art and the continued importance of antiquity today.
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Chandler, David. "Paul Mus (1902––1969): A Biographical Sketch." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 4, no. 1 (2009): 149–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2009.4.1.149.
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Using recently available archival materials, this essay presents a new,detailed biography of Paul Mus (1902––1969), a brilliant scholar of Buddhism, a brave soldier, and a public intellectual who was out of step with the French establishment in the 1940s and 1950s as an early opponent of the First Indochina War and the French war in Algeria. His profound and timely insights into Vietnamese nationalism, largely ignored at the time, have had a delayed and positive impact on Vietnamese studies in France and the United States.
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Powell, Ryan. "Hardcore Style, Queer Heteroeroticism, and After Dark." Feminist Media Histories 5, no. 2 (2019): 111–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fmh.2019.5.2.111.
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During the early to mid-1970s, when feature-length hardcore films became a popular cultural phenomenon in the United States, hardcore came to designate more than just a genre or an industry—it became a ubiquitous mode of performance, an ethos, and a style. This article explores how hardcore as a style was taken up by the popular gay-marketed entertainment magazine After Dark. Through a close descriptive analysis of three photo spreads from 1975–76, it illuminates how female, gay male, and otherwise non-straight-identifying performers participated in a hardcore stylistic that, paradoxically, worked to shape queer elaborations of heteroeroticism. Within these vital images of singers, dancers, models, and performance artists, created at the height of hardcore's newfound cultural influence, performances of female-male coupling and group-centered socio-sexual activity both worked with and moved to dissolve normative heterosexist configurations of sex and gender.
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Masterson, Alice. "Lady Day on Screen." IASPM Journal 12, no. 1 (December 16, 2022): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5429/2079-3871(2022)v12i1.5en.
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Jazz singer Billie Holiday (1915 – 1959) is a hugely influential figure. The impact of her vocal craft – particularly her distinctive timbre, adroit use of rubato, and compellingly emotional interpretations – can be traced across subsequent generations of singers (Szwed 2015). However, details of her turbulent personal life often overshadow explorations of her musical legacy. The most recent depiction of Lady Day’s life on screen, Lee Daniels’ The United States vs. Billie Holiday, is arguably the latest retrospective to fall into this trap. However, this article argues that its mixed reception might be indicative of a small but significant shift in how Holiday’s life and work are understood. Drawing on critical reactions to the film, it explores the ways in which a narrative shift in storytelling around Holiday can be identified, and how this can contribute to our understanding of the malleability of the posthumous careers of iconic musicians.
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Zhao, Bingxiang. "Returning life to society: Biography as a narrative of the whole." Chinese Journal of Sociology 7, no. 2 (April 2021): 217–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057150x211009664.
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Biography is a unique form of narration in ethnography and historiography. This article attempts to position Lin Yueh-Hwa’s works within the context of sociological and anthropological debate since the 1920s. In doing so it explores the potential uses of the biographical method in the study of Chinese history and society. Although Lin was a bearer of the biographical tradition of Chinese literature and history, his works were also profoundly influenced by both the narrative method of life history in the United States and social-life studies in France. In addition to these two influential biographical traditions, anthropologists in Britain developed the genealogical approach to investigating sacred kingship. This study regards these three traditions of individual-life biography, social-life studies and genealogy as a “biographic triad”. Relevant works in contemporary Chinese sociology and anthropology are reviewed within this framework. It is conceivable that phenomenological description alone is insufficient when applying the biographical method. One must take into consideration Chinese centralized power and the overall social structure of China. Only by placing “life biography” against society’s ever-changing processes can one turn individual stories into powerful narratives depicting the whole structure of Chinese social life.
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Hart, Jonathan Locke. "Jane Gray’s Framing of Asa Gray through Autobiography, Biography, and Correspondence." Canadian Review of American Studies 52, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 66–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cras.2021-005.
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Jane Loring Gray, wife of celebrated and renowned Harvard botanist Asa Gray, helped to build up the work and the posthumous reputation of her husband as a leading scientist, an advocate of Charles Darwin, and a popular proponent of science in the nineteenth-century United States. Jane left Asa the scientist for others and wanted to create a portrait of Asa the person. This article discusses the Grays’ partnership in science, places that relationship in context, and stresses the contribution Jane made to Asa’s legacy, including the way she framed her husband’s work and reputation after his death. The emphasis is on the literary, historical, cultural, biographical, and autobiographical dimensions of the Grays’ work, on the implications that work has for botany and science, and on the challenges that Jane Gray had owing to her gender, to family and social roles, and in the face of delicate health.
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Youngblood, Felicia K., Joanna Bosse, and Cameron T. Whitley. "How can I keep from singing? The effects of COVID-19 on the emotional wellbeing of community singers during early stage lockdown in the United States." International Journal of Community Music 14, no. 2 (November 1, 2021): 205–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijcm_00045_1.
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This study investigates the emotional wellbeing of community choral musicians during the early lockdown stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. In an effort to understand participant wellbeing and document lived experiences in rapidly changing circumstances, the researchers gathered quantitative and qualitative data from almost 400 self-identified musicians in May‐June 2020. Responses from community choir members indicated decreased wellbeing as a result of cancelled rehearsals and performances, unfamiliar online musicking practices and loss of community. Other themes included sadness, worry and grief concerning separation from fellow ensemble members and, in the case of ageing choristers, fear that they might not sing with others again in their lifetimes. Ultimately, this article sheds light on the complexity and necessity of sustaining community choirs during the COVID-19 pandemic while addressing the decreased wellbeing of singers as they were isolated in an effort to prevent viral spread through aerosolized means.
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Thum, Jasmine A. "Resiliency of a perpetual optimist: neurosurgeon Dr. Linda Liau." Neurosurgical Focus 50, no. 3 (March 2021): E18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2020.12.focus20954.
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It is not possible to capture all the depth that composes Dr. Linda Liau: chair of the Neurosurgery Department at the University of California, Los Angeles; second woman to chair a neurosurgery program in the United States; first woman to chair the American Board of Neurological Surgery; first woman president of the Western Neurosurgical Society; and one of only a handful of neurosurgeons elected to the National Academy of Medicine. Her childhood and family history alone could fascinate several chapters of her life’s biography. Nonetheless, this brief biography hopes to capture the challenges, triumphs, cultural norms, and spirit that have shaped Dr. Liau’s experience as a successful leader, scientist, and neurosurgeon. This is a rare story. It describes the rise of not only an immigrant within neurosurgery—not unlike other giants in the field, Drs. Robert Spetzler, Jacques Marcos, Ossama Al-Mefty, and a handful of other contemporaries—but also another type of minority in neurosurgery: a woman.
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Pecina, Jozef. "Literature as a Political Tool: Whig Efforts to Prevent the Election of Martin Van Buren." CLEaR 4, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/clear-2017-0006.
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Abstract Starting with Andrew Jackson, presidential candidates in the United States used campaign biographies as useful political tools, and since 1824 no presidential election year has passed without a campaign biography. Martin Van Buren, President Jackson’s successor in the White House, became a target of a vicious campaign intended to prevent his election. His Whig opponents used a number of literary genres to slander him, including a mock campaign biography and a novel. The article focuses on the portrayal of Martin Van Buren in The Life of Martin Van Buren, allegedly written by Davy Crockett in 1835, and a novel named The Partisan Leader; A Tale of the Future, written by Nathaniel Beverley Tucker in 1836. Though being of different genres, these curious and obscure works have certain things in common - they were written under pseudonyms, their main goal was to prevent the election of Martin Van Buren and both of them failed in their goal.
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Heideman, Paul M. "Hubert Harrison: The Voice of Harlem Radicalism, 1883–1918, Jeffrey B. Perry, New York: Columbia University Press, 2009." Historical Materialism 21, no. 3 (2013): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341315.
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AbstractJeffrey B. Perry’s biography of Hubert Harrison restores the legacy of a central figure in the history of Black radicalism. Though largely forgotten today, Harrison was acknowledged by his early-twentieth-century peers as ‘the father of Harlem radicalism’. Author of pioneering analyses of white supremacy’s role in American capitalism, proponent of armed self-defence among African-Americans, and anti-colonial intellectual, Harrison played a central role in the development of Black politics in the United States. This review traces Harrison’s journey from socialist organiser to Black nationalist, considering its implications for the history of American radicalism.