Journal articles: 'Single axis tracking solar panel'

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Li, Gui Hua, Run Sheng Tang, and Hao Zhong. "Optical Performance of Horizontal Single-Axis Tracked Solar Panels." Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (January 2012): 805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.805.

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To investigate the optical performance of horizontal single-axis (HA) sun-tracked solar panels, a mathematical procedure to estimate daily collectible radiation on fixed, 2-axis and HA-tracked solar panels was developed based monthly horizontal radiation. Results showed that the annual solar gain on a HA-tracked solar panel was related to the orientation of HA, tracking the sun about the east-west axis was worst to boost the energy collection of solar panels, and tracking the sun about the south-north axis was best. Results also indicated that the ratio of annual collectible radiation on horizontal south-north sun-axis tracked solar panels to that with full 2-axis sun-tracking decreased with the increase in site latitude, implying that the horizontal south-north axis sun-tracking was suitable to be employed in regions with lower geographical latitude

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Ullah, Hafiz. "Microcontroller based maximum power point single axis Tracking System." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 47, no. 4 (March 6, 2013): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i4.4689.

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Positioning a photovoltaic (PV) panel in the plane of maximum irradiation can increase the power output up to 57%. An automatic microcontroller based system for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) was designed and analyzed. The system was based on positioning the PV panel perpendicular to the solar irradiation. Photosensors were used to measure the difference of solar radiation intensity among three planes. The tracking system used an 8051 microcontroller to control a stepper motor which rotated the panel towards the plane with highest radiation intensity. The MPPT system was found to be 25.9% more effective in capturing solar power than a fixed panel with the same rating. This system would be useful to increase the power output of currently operating solar panels with minor modifications in mounting. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(4), 427-432, 2012 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i4.4689

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Amely Jumaat, Siti, Adam Afiq Azlan Tan, Mohd Noor Abdullah, Nur Hanis Radzi, Rohaiza Hamdan, Suriana Salimin, and Muhammad Nafis Bin Ismail. "Horizontal Single Axis Solar Tracker Using Arduino Approach." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 12, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i2.pp489-496.

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This project discusses on the development of horizontal single axis solar tracker using Arduino UNO which is cheaper, less complex and can still achieved the required efficiency. For the development of horizontal single axis solar tracking system, five light dependent resistors (LDR) has been used for sunlight detection and to capture the maximum light intensity. A servo motor is used to rotate the solar panel to the maximum light source sensing by the light dependent resistor (LDR) in order to increase the efficiency of the solar panel and generate the maximum energy. The efficiency of the system has been tested and compared with the static solar panel on several time intervals. A small prototype of horizontal single axis solar tracking system will be constructed to implement the design methodology presented here. As a result of solar tracking system, solar panel will generate more power, voltage, current value and higher efficiency.

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Mohaimin, A. H., M. R. Uddin, and A. Khalil. "Self-sustaining and externally-powered fixed, single, and dual-axis solar trackers." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i2.pp1031-1039.

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Power output from a small solar panel can be affected by its power consumption when it consumes power from the solar panel. There has been a lack of proper research and experiment in the use of small solar panel with tracking systems. Its significance was detailed in this paper where the voltage output are compared with those which were externally powered. The solar trackers and a microcontroller have been designed and fabricated for this research. Due to the use of the tracking system (single axis and dual axis), the power consumption varies from one to another and its effect on the voltage output. Several experiments have been conducted and it was concluded that small solar panels are not efficient enough to utilize with tracking capabilities due to an increase in power consumption. The externally powered system was found to generate 18% more output compared to a selfsustaining system and that the increase in average power consumptions compared to a fixed panel were 31.7% and 82.5% for single-axis and dualaxis tracker respectively. A concrete evidence was made that utilizing solar tracking capabilities for low power rated solar panel is unfeasible.

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Zhang, Wei Jing. "Design of Single Axis Tracking Solar Photovoltaic Tracking System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 700 (December 2014): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.700.12.

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This paper presents a single axis tracking solar photovoltaic system,the system has the advantages of simple structure, high control accuracy, low cost. The tracking system be composed of sunlight sensor, controller, barrel ,motor. It can freely achieve to rotate in the space within the range from 0°to 180°. The sunshine vertical irradiation bias in the solar panel is not more than 0.3°. Compared with the fixed photovoltaic system,it can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy.

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Imron, Chairul, Imam Abadi, Ilham Amirul Akbar, Jauharotul Maknunah, Yusilawati Ahmad Nor, and Aep Saepul Uyun. "Performance Comparison of the Single Axis and Two-Axis Solar System using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System Controls." E3S Web of Conferences 190 (2020): 00005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019000005.

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Solar energy is one of the renewable energy that gets more attention from many countries. Solar photo voltaic (PV) takes the right position to get the maximum energy yield. The study was conducted by comparison of performance with two methods of tracking the sun with one axis and two axes by using ANFIS control (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System). The solar tracking system is a system that operates on the sun by using a light sensor and controls the photovoltaic to always perpendicular to the sun by changing the pitch and yaw axis of the sun tracing properties. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is one of the light sensors whose resistance changes depending on the intensity of incoming light. Direct current (DC )motor is used as a PV drive panel in a solar tracking system. A two-axis solar tracking system has a greater power output than a tracking system with a single photovoltaic panel that does not use a tracking system (fixed).

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Racharla, Suneetha, K. Rajan, and K. R. Senthil Kumar. "A Fuzzy Logic Controlled Single Axis Solar Tracking System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 893–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.893.

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Recently renewable energy sources have gained much attention as a clean energy. But the main problem occurs with the varying nature with the day and season. Aim of this paper is to conserve the energy, of the natural resources. For solar energy resource, the output induced in the photovoltaic (PV) modules depends on solar radiation and temperature of the solar cells. To maximize the efficiency of the system it is necessary to track the path of sun in order to keep the panel perpendicular to the sun. This paper proposes the design and construction of a microcontroller-based solar panel tracking system. The fuzzy controller aims at maximizing the efficiency of PV panel by focusing the sunlight to incident perpendicularly to the panel. The system consists of a PV panel which can be operated with the help of DC motor, four LED sensors placed in different positions and a fuzzy controller which takes the input from sensors and gives output speed to motor. A prototype is fabricated to test the results and compared with the simulation results. The results show the improved performance by using a tracking system

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Nahar, Mst Jesmin, Md Rasel Sarkar, Moslem Uddin, Md Faruk Hossain, Md Masud Rana, and Md Riyad Tanshen. "Single Axis Solar Tracker for Maximizing Power Production and Sunlight Overlapping Removal on the Sensors of Tracker." International Journal of Robotics and Control Systems 1, no. 2 (June 16, 2021): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31763/ijrcs.v1i2.333.

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This paper presents the design and execution of a solar tracker system devoted to photovoltaic (PV) conversion panels. The proposed single-axis solar tracker is shifted automatically based on the sunlight detector or tracking sensor. This system also removes incident sunlight overlapping from sensors that are inside the sunlight tracking system. The Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) is used as a sensor to sense the intensity of light accurately. The sensors are placed at a certain distance from each other in the tracker system to avoid sunlight overlapping for maximum power production. The total system is designed by using a microcontroller (PIC16F877A) as a brain to control the whole system. The solar panel converts sunlight into electricity. The PV panel is fixed with a vertical axis of the tracker. This microcontroller will compare the data and rotate a solar panel via a stepper motor in the right direction to collect maximum photon energy from sunlight. From the experimental results, it can be determined that the automatic (PV solar tracker) sun tracking system is 72.45% more efficient than fixed panels, where the output power of the fixed panel and automatically adjusted panel are 8.289 watts and 14.287 watts, respectively.

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Tang, Run Sheng, Tian Ming Zhang, and Hao Zhong. "Optical Performance of Vertical Single-Axis Tracked Solar Panels with Seasonal Adjustment of Tilt-Angles." Advanced Materials Research 271-273 (July 2011): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.271-273.45.

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To investigate the optical performance of vertical single-axis tracked solar panels with the tilt-angle of solar panels being seasonally adjusted (4T-V-A tracked solar panels, in short) as compared with fixed and full 2-axis tracked solar panels, a mathematical procedure to estimate the daily collectible radiation on fixed and tracked panels is suggested based on the monthly horizontal radiation. Calculation results showed that the optimal date on which tilt-angle adjustments were seasonally made was about 23 days from the equinoxes, the seasonal optimal tilt-angles of a 4T-V-A tracked solar panel for maximizing seasonal energy collection strongly depended on site latitudes, and the corresponding maximum annual collectible radiation on such tracked panel was about 97% of solar radiation annually collected by a dual-axis tracked panel, slightly higher than that on those tracking the sun about south-north axis inclined at a yearly fixed tilt-angle from the horizon. Empirical correlations for a quick estimation of seasonal optimal tilt-angle of vertical single-axis tracked solar panels were also proposed based on climatic data of 32 sites in China.

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Sudibyo, Pandu, Yanu Shalahuddin, and Mochtar Yahya. "Single Axis Tracking PV Panel Using Fuzzy Logic Control." JTECS : Jurnal Sistem Telekomunikasi Elektronika Sistem Kontrol Power Sistem dan Komputer 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.32503/jtecs.v1i1.646.

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Abstrak – Panel PV(Photovoltaic) merupakan teknologi yang mengubah energi cahaya matahari menjadi energi listrik. Maka dari itu untuk mendapatkan iradiansi maksinal perlu sistem solar tracker sebagai cara untuk optimalisasi penyerapan cahaya matahari. Pada penelitian ini membahas pembuatan model simulink solar tracker menggunakan kontroler fuzzy logic. Arah sinar matahari disensor mengguanakan 2 buah sensor LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) yang selanjutnya menjadi input logika fuzy. Sistem terdiri atas 4 komponen utama yaitu PV Modul ,Mikrokontroler, motor servo, sensor LDR(Light Dependent Resistor) yang selanjutnya menjadi input logika fuzy. Output logika fuzy berupa nilai yang kemudian diumpan ke servo untuk gerakan panel secara Single Axis. Aplikasi Matlab Simulink sebagai compiler dan pembuat permodelan sistem yang nantinya akan diupload ke mikrokontroler. Arah putaran motor servo ditentukan dengan menggunakan kendali logika fuzzy. Hasil pengujian membuktikan rata-rata tegangan panel PV lebih tinggi daripada panel tanpa kendali, dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 14,35V.

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Alexandru, Cătălin. "Optimizing the control system of a single-axis sun tracking mechanism." MATEC Web of Conferences 184 (2018): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201818401002.

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The work shows the optimization of the control system for the single-axis solar tracker that equips a solar panel, with the aim to increase the energetic efficiency of the system by maximizing the quantity of incident solar radiation that is captured - absorbed by the panel. The single-axis solar tracker is driven by a linear actuator, the optimization study intending to determine the optimal configuration (in terms of tuning factors) of the controller, which is a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) device, in order to accurately achieve the motion (tracking) law imposed on the solar panel. The solar tracker was approached as a mechatronic system, the mechanical device (developed in ADAMS - Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems) and the control system (developed in EASY5 - Engineering Analysis System) being integrated at the level of virtual prototype, in the concurrent engineering concept.

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de Sá Campos, Manoel Henriques, and Chigueru Tiba. "npTrack: A n-Position Single Axis Solar Tracker Model for Optimized Energy Collection." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 10, 2021): 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040925.

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The single axis solar tracker based on flat panels is used in large solar plants and in distribution-level photovoltaic systems. In order to achieve this, the solar tracking systems generally need to work by tracking the sun’s position with dozens, maybe hundreds of movements along the day with a maximal known tracking error within the specifications. A novel model is proposed along this work based on the control of the angle deviation within a (polar) single axis configuration. This way an optimization of the harnessing of solar energy can be achieved with as few panel displacements as possible in order to decrease the wear in the mechanical parts of the equipment and the energy consumed by it. This tracking approach was implemented with as few as seven positions along the day and got an estimated theoretical value of 99.27% of the total collected energy in a continuous tracking system. Regarding an annual average basis, it would be about 96.5% of a dual axis system according to the proposed model. The novelty of the model is related to a tradeoff between the gain with the simplicity of a single axis n-position tracking and the solar energy loss associated.

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Mejia-Ruda, Edilberto, José Ferney Medina, Mauricio Mauledoux, Oscar Aviles Sanchez, and Max Suell Dutra. "Adaptive Control for Solar Photovoltaic Tracking System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 823 (January 2016): 377–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.823.377.

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This paper describes the behavior of adaptive control using the MIT rule for a polar aligned single axis tracking system, it´s for increase the efficiency of solar energy capturing compared to a polar fixed system, where the response of system is analyzed by simulation in Simulink – MATLAB® software. The data input for estimate the energy in the photovoltaic panels is the radiation data, that is obtained by weather station of the CAR (regional autonomous corporation) situated in the zone of study. The objective of the integration between the photovoltaic panel and the mechanics tracking system is to keep the perpendicular sunlight during the day. The MIT adaptive control tries to reduce possible errors, such a sun position data deviations, friction and environmental changes in the conventional solar tracking. This control was designed according to a typical polar aligned single axis tracker.

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MONEM, O. "OBOUR INSTITUTE SOLAR PANEL MICROCONTROLLER BASED SINGLE AXIS SUN TRACKING SYSTEM." International Conference on Electrical Engineering 11, no. 11 (April 1, 2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/iceeng.2018.30249.

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Chong, Shin-Horng, N. N. Chandren, and C. R. Allan Soon. "Output energy maximization of a single axis photovoltaic solar tracking system: experimental verification." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 1655. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1655-1661.

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Major depletion of fossil fuel and the increase of greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide, chloroflurocarbons (CFCs), hydroflurocarbon (HFCs), perflurocarbons (PFCs) and Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) worldwide are the catalyst for the interest of many counties towards renewable energy. The rising cost of electricity due to higher demand and less resource also led to the renewable energy venture. One of the most famous renewable energy is solar energy. Unfortunately, renewable energies are dependent on environment conditions, too. One of the major problems that affect the output energy of the solar panel is the cloud shadowing problem. Photovoltaic solar and wind hybrid system is capable to reduce the effects of the cloud shadowing by harvesting two different energy resources. However, the availability of wind energy harvesting has shown its instability performance. In this work, the photovoltaic solar array of the laboratory-scale single axis solar tracking system to maximize the output energy of the solar panel is examined experimentally. The solar array is connected in series and parallel configurations, and is experimented under different partical-shadowed conditions. The experimentation is done to develop a solar array that has a minimum effect towards this type of occurances. Experimental results proved that the parallel configured solar panel has showed less influence by the cloud shadowing as compared to the single one.

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Jumaat, Siti Amely, Mohamad Nur Aiman Mohd Said, and Clarence Rimong Anak Jawa. "Dual axis solar tracker with IoT monitoring system using arduino." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i1.pp451-458.

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This project aims to develop dual axis solar tracker with IOT monitoring system using Arduino. Generally, solar energy is the technology to get useful energy from sunlight. Solar energy has been used in many traditional technologies over the centuries and has been widely used in the absence of other energy supplies. Its usefulness is widespread when awareness of the cost of the environment and the supply is limited by other energy sources such as fuel. The solar tracking system is the most effective technology to improve the efficiency of solar panels by tracking and following the sun's movement. With the help of this system, solar panels can improve the way of sunlight detection so that more electricity can be collected as solar panels can maintain a sunny position. Thus the project discusses the development of two-axis solar-tracking developers using Arduino Uno as main controller the system. For develops this project, four light-dependent resistors (LDRs) have been used for sunlight detection and a maximum light intensity. Two servo motors have been used to rotate the solar panel according to the sun's light source detected by the LDR. Next a WIFI ESP8266 device is used as an intermediary between device and IOT monitoring system. The IOT monitoring system is a website that functions to store data. The efficiency of this system has been tested and compared with a single axial solar tracker. As a result, the two-axis solar tracking system generates more power, voltage and current.

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Alahmdi, Raed, Abdulrahman Alansari, Mohanad Abualkhair, and Abdulrahman Almoghamisi. "Empirical Evaluation of Fixed and Single-Axis Tracking Photovoltaic System: Case of ASHRAE Solar Radiation Modelling for Medina, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 9, no. 3 (September 2021): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/jocet.2021.9.3.528.

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The main problem in studying the feasibility of solar systems is the enormous gap between theory and experimental radiation intensity, so to get accurate results there is a need for studying energy production in the site of the system empirically. In this study, the energy production of both fixed PV panel system and the system with single-axis tracking were empirically evaluated in Medina, Saudi Arabia. The two systems had the same 270 Wp PV panel. The fixed system was tilted by 23.5 degrees, and the single-axis tracker was tilted by 26 degrees. Both systems had an azimuth angle of zero degrees. A closedloop three-points controller was used to control the tracker with 120 degrees rotation range. The two systems operated simultaneously in July, and the data were collected for 14 days. The empirical results showed that the tracker increased the generated energy by 48.5% during the testing period. As a comparing method, a modified ASHRAE model was used to estimate the increase in the panel's energy output with and without the single-axis tracker, and RMSE and MBE were calculated. It's been found that the experimental energy generation is 10%, 5% less than the estimation of the modified model for the fixed system and the tracking system, respectively. Finally, based on the analysis, it's been estimated that the singleaxis tracker will increase the generated energy by 22.5% yearly in Medina.

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Shufat, Salem Alaraby Ali, Erol Kurt, and Aybaba Hancerlioğulları. "Modeling and Design of Azimuth-Altitude Dual Axis Solar Tracker for Maximum Solar Energy Generation." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 8, no. 1 (February 2, 2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.8.1.7-13.

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The sun tracking system that lets Parabolic Dish or PV panel orthogonal to the sun radiation during the day, can raise the concentrated sun radiation by up to 40%. The fixed Parabolic Dish cannot generally track the sun trajectory, also the single-axis tracking system can follow the sun in the horizontal direction (azimuth angle), while the two-axis tracker tracks the sun path in both azimuth and altitude angles. Dual axis automated control tracking system, which tracks the sun in two planes (azimuth and altitude) to move a Concentrated Parabolic Dish system to the direction of ray diffusion of sun radiation is studied and designed. The designed tracking system constructed of microcontroller or programmable logic control (PLC) with a digital program that operates sun tracker using driver, gear box to control the angular speed and mechanical torque, supports and mountings. Two steeper motors are modelled to guide the parabolic dish panel perpendicular to the sun's beam. In the present study, simulation scheme of two axis sun tracking system has been developed by operating under Matlab/Simulink. The program models and studies the effectiveness of overall system. The designed tracker has been studied with real data of sun trajectory angles (azimuth and altitude) as well as a Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) to improve the effectiveness of parabolic dish panel by adding the tracking features to those systems according to the present site.©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reservedArticle History: Received May 18th 2018; Received in revised form October 8th 2018; Accepted January 6th 2019; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Shufat, S.A., Kurt, E, and Hancerlioğulları, A. (2019) Modeling and Design of Azimuth-Altitude Dual Axis Solar Tracker for Maximum Solar Energy Generation. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 8(1), 7-13.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.8.1.7-13

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González-Acevedo, Hernando, Yecid Muñoz-Maldonado, Adalberto Ospino-Castro, Julian Serrano, Anthony Atencio, and Cristian Jaimes Saavedra. "Design and performance evaluation of a solar tracking panel of single axis in Colombia." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 2889. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i4.pp2889-2898.

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This paper presents the mechanical design of a single axis solar tracking system, as well as the electronic design of a system that to record in real time the electric power delivered by the solar tracker and to evaluate its performance. The interface was developed in Labview and it compares the power supplied by the tracker with the power supplied by static solar panel of the same characteristics. The performance is initially simulated using Pv-Syst software, and later validated with the data obtained by the interface. As a result, the use of the solar tracker increases the power delivered by a minimum of 19%, and it can go as high as 47.84%, with an average in increase in power of 19.5% in the monthly energy production. This experimental result was compared with the simulation by Pv-Syst software and shows a difference of only 2.5%, thus validating the reliability of the simulation. This behavior pattern coincides with previous studies carried out for equatorial latitudes.

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Zhu, Qing Yuan, Cheng Lu Wen, Wen Yi Xie, Jun Jun Ye, and Hui Yin. "Solar Powered Automatic Controlled Advertising Light Box System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.101.

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This paper introduces a solar powered automatic controlled advertising light box system functioning box rotation and poster cycling displaying of each panel, which overcomes the disadvantages of ordinary advertising light boxes of humdrum displaying and high energy consumption. The system includes three parts which are box rotation system, poster scrolling system and single-axis sun tracking system which can improve the solar energy efficiency and reduce energy consumption. Sun tracking system which effectively combined the sun angle tracking and photoelectric tracking method can automatically switch between the work mode and hibernate mode according to time and weather condition so as to maximize energy efficiency. A hierarchical control strategy which contained main control system and sun tracking system is adopted to control light box rotation, panel displaying and sun tracking at the same time. The solar advertising light box system was verified by tests that with the hierarchical control strategy the power generated by solar panel increased 38.2% than fixed panel. Experiment results show that the light box works stably and has potential to apply under the situations where cable laying is not convenient.

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Singh, Ravindra Pratap. "Effect of Single Axis Solar Tracking System on the Performance of Photovoltaic System: A Comparative Experimental Study." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 1746–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.1511.

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Nowadays the demand for energy increased rapidly duo to escalating population and global technological development. Consequently, the focus on non-conventional energy sources is increasing rapidly due to change in climates and unhealthy environment caused by fossil fuels. Solar energy is vital to fulfill this growing need of clean energy. The performance of the photovoltaic (PV) technology used for capturing sun’s radiation is directly affected by solar irradiation. The optimum performance of the PV systems would be possible if the solar panel is always orientated towards the direction of maximum radiations of sun. Hence, in order improve the performance of the PV, tracking of maximum radiation of the sun is extremely important. In this experimental study, solar tracking is done using a single axis solar sun tracker which not only provides accurate but also cost efficient solar sun tracking in comparison with an existing stationary system of same capacity. The results show that a single axis solar tracking systems have generated approximately 28.3% more compared to static systems and is also found to be more economic than a solar tracking system which uses microcontroller.

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Okandeji, A. A., M. B. Olajide, G. O. Olasunkanmi, and Z. O. Jagun. "Analysis and implementation of a solar tracking rack system." Nigerian Journal of Technology 39, no. 3 (September 16, 2020): 871–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v39i3.29.

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Solar energy is the most feasible source of renewable energy especially in sun rich regions like Africa. In particular, electrically epileptic country like Nigeria with current power output of only about 3.5GW of energy has a relatively long sunny period for about 90% of the year, making Nigeria very rich in solar power. Maximally harnessing solar energy into usable electricity however, is still a fundamental problem as the existing models can harness only about 70% of the available energy. To maximally harness solar energy, a solar panel must be perpendicular to the energy source for all 12hours of sunlight availability, and must be able to follow the sun’s movement all day long. Accordingly, this work considers the analysis, construction, and implementation of a single axis solar tracking dynamic system. Experimental result show that the proposed system outperforms the conventional static solar tracking system. Keywords: solar energy, single axis, harvesting-solar energy.

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Sabri Salim, Muhammed. "Optimizing solar energy for houses with slanting type roofs." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.11262.

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During the daily sun cycle, the falling rays are of varying intensity on the solar panel reducing the energy generated from it. This is evident in the energy production of solar panels that are installed on the slanted surfaces of homes scattered in the rain regions of the world. In this research, the reasons for the low efficiency of energy production of solar panels that are installed on the A-frame designs of homes were studied and solved. The design of an integrated tracking system is developed based on fuzzy logic control using an open source code that can be easily modified. The performance and characteristics of the solar tracking device are tested experimentally to test its suitability for use with slanted roofs homes. The integrated solar localization system offers economical and efficient solar monitoring, as well as open source programming, which allows for future improvements and changes. In addition, the single-axis fuzzy tracking system was good for moving both panels in less than five seconds towards the sun. The adoption of the proposed design provides an extremely accurate tracking system and therefore, maximizes the potential of power generated by the solar panel since it will meet the sun's rays from dawn to dusk. The economic effect of the proposed design is to approximately double the value of electrical power received compared to the fixed design.

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Bouzakri, Hicham, Ahmed Abbou, Khalil Tijani, and Zakaria Abousserhane. "Biaxial Equatorial Solar Tracker with High Precision and Low Consumption: Modelling and Realization." International Journal of Photoenergy 2021 (March 19, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6679576.

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The solar tracker is a mechanism that helps the photovoltaic panel to maximize its performance, while keeping it oriented towards direct solar radiation. In order to specify tracking, most solar trackers use two axes, one horizontal and the other vertical, which implies an increase of the consumed energy and a decrease in precision, since we have to make both motors operate simultaneously. This paper is a modelling of a biaxial solar tracker, with the principle of an equatorial mount, allowing it to precisely follow the sun via a single axis (equatorial axis), while the second axis (tilt axis) makes a small daily correction of few seconds at sunrise. In this way, our model keeps precision to the maximum, with minimum energy consumption. A detailed simulation clearly shows that the proposed model receives the maximum solar irradiation that a normal surface to solar radiation can receive and may in a certain period of the year receive a gain in the amount of solar irradiation; we have up to 63.47% compared to a fixed installation. The study details the different tracking methods, in order to adapt the concept model to the type of solar panel used. We closed finish the study with the realization of the prototype with a detailed explanation of the concept movement. To validate the simulation, we have made an experience that gives us the same results as given by simulation.

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Rahimoon, Asif Ahmed, Mohd Noor Abdullah, Dur Muhammad Soomro, Murad Yahya Nassar, Z. A. Memon, and P. H. Shaikh. "Design of parabolic solar dish tracking system using arduino." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 17, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 914. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp914-921.

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This paper demonstrates the designing parameters of a solar parabolic dish prototype for rustic areas with great solar irradiance rate availability, where have no access of electricity services or low-income people survives to buy a stove (electric or gas). The solar parabolic dish prototype intends a solution against these types of remedies and pursues solar light to work. The parabolic dish has a polished surface, where the solar radiations fall and collected at a single concentrated focal point. At this point the collected form of energy is used to derive different thermal applications like as; cooking & heating with single and dual axis schemes. This paper discusses the important stages of dual axis prototype; implementation, solar location strategy, the analysis in terms of theory, structural design & material. The dual axis prototype is implemented through the help of Arduino chipboard that is easily in maintenance, along with that this prototype is configured with anti-lock H-bridge (L298) module to overcome the control circuit complexity and AVR modules. Two rotational motors of 12V are installed on 4*4ft designed aluminum frame with a dual-axis tracking system. The jerks among trackers are also reduced with this prototype which maintains the experimental declination angle about .To finish, this paper results that parabolic solar dish tracker obtains 3.43% improved power efficiency in comparison of photovoltaic panel tracker.

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Nugraha, M. Permadi Yosa, Abdul Rakhman, and Irma Salamah. "Rancang Bangun Tracker Surya Sumbu Ganda Berbasis Raspberry Pi." Jurasik (Jurnal Riset Sistem Informasi dan Teknik Informatika) 4, no. 1 (July 17, 2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30645/jurasik.v4i1.120.

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Solar energy is now a very important means of renewable energy resources. With sun tracking, it is more effective to produce more energy because solar panels can maintain a profile perpendicular to sunlight. Although the initial cost of setting up a tracking system is quite high, there are cheaper options that have been proposed from time to time. Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs) are used to detect sunlight. The solar panel is positioned where it can receive maximum light. Compared to other motors, servo motors are able to maintain torque at high speed. The tracker is in the form of a double or single axis. Dual trackers are more efficient because they track sunlight from both axes. This project is designed for low power and portable applications. Therefore, it is suitable for use in rural areas. In addition, the effectiveness of the output power collected by sunlight increases.

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Kuttybay, Nurzhigit, Ahmet Saymbetov, Saad Mekhilef, Madiyar Nurgaliyev, Didar Tukymbekov, Gulbakhar Dosymbetova, Aibolat Meiirkhanov, and Yeldos Svanbayev. "Optimized Single-Axis Schedule Solar Tracker in Different Weather Conditions." Energies 13, no. 19 (October 7, 2020): 5226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195226.

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Improving the efficiency of solar panels is the main task of solar energy generation. One of the methods is a solar tracking system. One of the most important parameters of tracking systems is a precise orientation to the Sun. In this paper, the performance of single-axis solar trackers based on schedule and light dependent resistor (LDR) photosensors, as well as a stationary photovoltaic installation in various weather conditions, were compared. A comparative analysis of the operation of a manufactured schedule solar tracker and an LDR solar tracker in different weather conditions was performed; in addition, a simple method for determining the rotation angle of a solar tracker based on the encoder was proposed. Finally, the performance of the manufactured solar trackers was calculated, taking into account various weather conditions for one year. The proposed single-axis solar tracker based on schedule showed better results in cloudy and rainy weather conditions. The obtained results can be used for designing solar trackers in areas with a variable climate.

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Ghassoul, Mostefa. "Single axis automatic tracking system based on PILOT scheme to control the solar panel to optimize solar energy extraction." Energy Reports 4 (November 2018): 520–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2018.07.001.

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Boyekin, Tahsin, and İsmail Kıyak. "Technoeconomic Performance Analysis of Solar Tracking Methods for Roof-Type Solar Power Plants and Electric Vehicle Charging Stations." International Journal of Photoenergy 2021 (April 6, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6681084.

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In building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) solar energy projects, cost effectiveness, durability, and long-term reliability are among the criteria that should be taken into consideration as well as the gain in electricity generation efficiency. Also, in a study, it is stated that a dual-axis solar tracking system occupies approximately 100% more space than a single-axis system and 160% more than a fixed-angle system. It has been observed that most of the studies that are mounted on the building and include a tracking system are small-scale experimental studies. The aim of this article is to present a systematic analysis with a low investment cost, a low operating cost, and high reliability, in a real application especially for roof applications in buildings. Three buildings in the same location and with the same roof area were selected. Photovoltaic power plants with 23.68 kW power were installed; these panels had three types: fixed-angle, manually controlled, and single-axis solar tracking systems. The energy generation system is connected to the network with a double-sided meter, and there is a double-sided energy flow. The energy produced is used to meet the energy needs of the vehicle charging station and common areas of the buildings. Although the single-axis tracking system is 27.85% more efficient than other energy generation methods, the manually adjusted method has proven to have the shortest amortization time. The study also presents shading, which is a serious problem in large-scale roof projects, and the area covered by the module per unit watt produced.

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Alblawi, Adel, M. H. Elkholy, and M. Talaat. "ANN for Assessment of Energy Consumption of 4 kW PV Modules over a Year Considering the Impacts of Temperature and Irradiance." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (November 30, 2019): 6802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236802.

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Solar energy is considered the greatest source of renewable energy. In this paper, a case study was performed for a single-axis solar tracking model to analyze the performance of the solar panels in an office building under varying ambient temperatures and solar radiation over the course of one year (2018). This case study was performed in an office building at the College of Engineering at Shaqra University, Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia. The office building was supplied with electricity for a full year by the designed solar energy system. The study was conducted across the four seasons of the studied year to analyze the performance of a group of solar panels with the total capacity of a 4 kW DC system. The solar radiation, temperature, output DC power, and consumed AC power of the system were measured using wireless sensor networks (for temperature and irradiance measurement) and a signal acquisition system for each hour throughout the whole day. A single-axis solar tracker was designed for each panel (16 solar panels were used) using two light-dependent resistors (LDR) as detecting light sensors, one servo motor, an Arduino Uno, and a 250 W solar panel installed with an array tilt angle of 21°. Finally, an artificial neural network (ANN) was utilized to estimate energy consumption, according to the dataset of AC load power consumption for each month and the measurement values of the temperature and irradiance. The relative error between the measured and estimated energy was calculated in order to assess the accuracy of the proposed ANN model and update the weights of the training network. The maximum absolute relative error of the proposed system did not exceed 2 × 10−4. After assessment of the proposed model, the ANN results showed that the average energy in the region of the case study from a 4 kW DC solar system for one year, considering environmental impact, was around 8431 kWh/year.

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Melo, Karen Barbosa de, Hugo Soeiro Moreira, and Marcelo Gradella Villalva. "Influence of Solar Position Calculation Methods Applied to Horizontal Single-Axis Solar Trackers on Energy Generation." Energies 13, no. 15 (July 25, 2020): 3826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153826.

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Photovoltaic systems have been explored as a solution to meet the growing demand for electricity from a clean and renewable source. However, the low energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels is one of the critical factors that hinder the competitiveness of this energy source concerning the others. An effective way to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic systems is by using solar trackers. The tracking strategy most used in photovoltaic plants employs algorithms to calculate the Sun position. This work presents energy generation estimation applying six algorithms in horizontal single-axis solar tracking: the Solar Position Algorithm (SPA) and Grena 1–5 algorithms. The aim is to evaluate the influence of these algorithms on energy generation. For all simulated locations, comparing to an ideal scenario, the SPA presented the best energy generation results. However, the other algorithms showed negligible differences between themselves, which allows us to conclude that any of the algorithms can be used without implying significant energy losses. Thus, Grena 1–2 can be highlighted for easier implementation.

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Wang, Quan, Jin Zhang, Ran Hu, and Ying Shao. "Automatic Two Axes Sun-Tracking System Applied to Photovoltaic System for LED Street Light." Applied Mechanics and Materials 43 (December 2010): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.43.17.

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This paper presents an electromechanical, two axes sun tracking system based on single chip microcomputer (MCU). According to the path of the sun in the space, the earth coordinate system is chosen to design the tracking device. The whole device consists of one worm-drive and one gear-drive, which is operated by two step motors. The photodiodes are used as photoelectric sensors to detect the pointing of the sun. Eight photodiodes are installed in the diameter hole of the hemispherical surface. The comparative signals produced by the diodes array are performed to judge the orientation of the solar panel. The circuit of the control system based on MCU is demonstrated. The comparative signals may be amplified, A/D converted. After a series of signal processing, the signals are sent to the MCU which will produce the pulse to control the speed and steering of step motors. The sun tracking system is an efficient system for solar energy collection. It has been proved that the sun tracking systems can collect up to 50% more energy than what a fixed panel system collects.

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M. Abdelsalam, Mohamed A., Fahad Faraz Ahmad, Abdul-Kadir Hamid, Chaouki Ghenai, Oussama Rejeb, Monadhel Alchadirchy, Waleed Obaid, and Mamdouh El Haj Assad. "Experimental study of the impact of dust on azimuth tracking solar PV in Sharjah." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 5 (October 1, 2021): 3671. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i5.pp3671-3681.

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Dust is one of the significant constraints in utilizing solar photovoltaic systems under harsh weather conditions in the desert regions due to creating a shadow that blocks solar irradiance from reaching solar cells and consequently, significantly reducing their efficiency. In this research, experimental study was performed to comprehend the nature of dust particles and their impact on the electrical power output that is generated from azimuth tracking solar PV modules under Sharjah environmental conditions in winter season. According to laboratory experiments, the power losses are linearly related to the dust accumulated density on the surface of the solar panel with a slope of 1.27% per g/m2. The conducted Outdoor studies revealed that the absolute reduction in output power increased by 8.46% after 41 continuous days with one low-intensity rainy day. The linear relationship obtained from indoor experiments was applied later to estimate the dust deposited density on the outdoor setup. The results showed that a regular cleaning process every two weeks is recommended to maintain the performance and to avoid the soiling loss. This work will help engineers in the solar PV plants to forecast the dust impact and figure out the regularity of the cleaning process in case of single axis tracking systems.

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Mubaarak, Saif, Delong Zhang, Yongcong Chen, Jinxin Liu, Longze Wang, Rongfang Yuan, Jing Wu, Yan Zhang, and Meicheng Li. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Grid-Connected PV and Fuel Cell Hybrid System Using Different PV Tracking Techniques." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (November 28, 2020): 8515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238515.

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Solar energy has attracted the attention of researchers around the world due to its advantages. However, photovoltaic (PV) panels still have not attained the desired efficiency and economic mature. PV tracking techniques can play a vital role in improving the performance of the PV system. The aim of this paper is to evaluate and compare the technical and economic performance of grid-connected hybrid energy systems including PV and fuel cells (FC) by applying major types of PV tracking technique. The topology and design principles and technical description of hybrid system components are proposed in this paper. Moreover, this paper also introduces economic criteria, which are used to evaluate the economy of different PV tracking techniques and seek the optimal configuration of system components. In the case study, the results show that the vertical single axis tracker was ranked 1st in terms of highest PV generation, penetration of renewable energy to the grid, lowest CO2 emission, highest energy sold to the grid and lowest purchased, and lowest net present cost (NPC) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE). The study found that the optimal design of a grid-connected hybrid energy system (PV-FC) was by using a vertical single axis tracker which has the lowest NPC, LCOE.

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Vieira, R. G., F. K. O. M. V. Guerra, M. R. B. G. Vale, and M. M. Araújo. "Comparative performance analysis between static solar panels and single-axis tracking system on a hot climate region near to the equator." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 64 (October 2016): 672–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.06.089.

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Boretti, Alberto, Stefania Castelletto, Wael Al-Kouz, and Jamal Nayfeh. "The energy future of Saudi Arabia." E3S Web of Conferences 181 (2020): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018103005.

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In a recent publication, North European experts argue that “Saudi Arabia can achieve a 100% renewable energy power system by 2040 with a power sector dominated by PV single-axis tracking and battery storage”. They also say “Battery storage contributed up to 30% of the total electricity demand in 2040 and the contribution increases to 48% by 2050”. Based on considerations specific to the geography, climate conditions, and resources of Saudi Arabia, it is explained as batteries and photovoltaic solar panels are not the best choice for the country's energy sector. To cover all the total primary energy supply of Saudi Arabia by solar photovoltaic, plus battery storage to compensate for the sun's energy intermittency, unpredictability, and seasonal variability, is impracticable and inconvenient, for both the economy and the environment. Better environment and economy may be achieved by further valorizing the fossil fuel resources, through the construction of other high-efficiency plants such as the combined cycle gas turbine plants of Qurayyah, development of novel technologies for the production of clean fuels and clean electricity, including oxyfuel combustion and carbon capture and storage. Construction of nuclear power plants may also be more beneficial to the economy and the environment than photovoltaic and batteries. Regarding solar energy, enclosed trough solar thermal power systems developed along the coast have much better perspectives than solar photovoltaic, as embedded thermal energy storage is a better approach than battery storage. Further, a centralized power plant works better than distributed rooftop photovoltaic installations covered by dust and sand, rusted or cracked. Finally, pumped hydro energy storage along the coast may also have better perspectives than battery storage.

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Grah Ponciano, Vanessa de Fátima, Isaac De Matos Ponciano, Dinara Grasiela Alves, Ezequiel Saretta, and Rubens Duarte Coelho. "CONVERSION OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY INTO HYDRAULIC ENERGY APPLIED TO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS USING A MANUAL SUN TRACKING." IRRIGA 25, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 508–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2020v25n3p508-520.

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CONVERSION OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY INTO HYDRAULIC ENERGY APPLIED TO IRRIGATION SYSTEMS USING A MANUAL SUN TRACKING VANESSA DE FÁTIMA GRAH PONCIANO1; ISAAC DE MATOS PONCIANO2; DINARA GRASIELA ALVES3; EZEQUIEL SARETTA4 E RUBENS DUARTE COELHO5 1 Professora Doutora, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Av. Oeste, 350, Loteamento Parque União, 76200-000, Iporá, Goiás, Brasil, vanessa.grah@ifgoiano.edu.br. 2 Professor Doutor, Faculdade de Iporá, Rua Serra Cana Brava, 512, Jd. Novo Horizonte II, 76200-000, Iporá, Goiás, Brasil, ponciano.i.m@gmail.com 3 Doutora, Departamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rod. BR 465, km 7, 23890-000, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, dinara_alves@hotmail.com. 4 Professor Adjunto, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rua Ernesto Barros, 1345, Santo Antônio, 96506-322, Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, ezequiel.saretta@ufsm.br. 5 Professor Titular, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, 13418-900, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil, rdcoelho@usp.br. 1 ABSTRACT Brazil has an unexplored solar energy potential, and only 1.2% of the energy matrix come from photovoltaic energy. Besides, water pumping is an important form of development in rural areas (family farmers) mainly because of the distance from distribution centers. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the energy conversion in a water pumping system applied to irrigation, powered by photovoltaic energy, and compare with a static system with a single axis manual three-steps sun tracking system. Two arrays of panels were installed in the field at 22° 42’30” S; 47°38’00” W; 546 m above sea level. One photovoltaic module was static and the other a manual sun tracking device. Each module was connected to an individual water pump to simulate an irrigation system. The results showed that the pumping system with manual tracking device had better performance in the energy conversion from photovoltaic to hydraulic, with increments of 177 MJ m-2, 50.87 more pumping hours, and 66,135 L. However, the conversion energy efficiency from solar energy to water pumping was 4.55% and 4.77% for tracking and static modules, respectively. The manual sun tracking systems used in the photovoltaic module feeding a pumping system to irrigation was a technical alternative to improve the performance of the photovoltaic system. Keywords: renewable energy, water pumped, pumping time, global efficiency. GRAH PONCIANO, V. F.; PONCIANO, I. M.; ALVES, D. G.; SARETTA, E.; COELHO, R.D. CONVERSÃO DA ENERGIA SOLAR FOTOVOLTAICA EM ENERGIA HIDRÁULICA APLICADA A SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO UTILIZANDO UM RASTREADOR SOLAR MANUAL 2 RESUMO O Brasil tem um potencial solar energético pouco explorado, apenas 1,2% da matriz energética é proveniente da energia fotovoltaica. Aliado a isso, o bombeamento de água é uma importante forma de desenvolvimento nas áreas rurais (pequenos agricultores) principalmente, devido a distância desses locais aos centros de distribuição de energia elétrica. Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a conversão da energia em um sistema de bombeamento de água aplicada a irrigação, movido por energia fotovoltaica, comparando um sistema estático com um sistema rastreador solar manual com três ângulos de ajuste de eixo único. Dois conjuntos de módulos foram instalados no campo na localização de 22° 42’30” S; 47°38’00” W; 546 m acima do nível do mar. Um módulo permaneceu estático e o outro módulo com um sistema de rastreador solar manual. Cada módulo foi conectado a uma motobomba individual, simulando um sistema de irrigação. Os resultados mostraram que o sistema de bombeamento com o rastreador manual teve melhor desempenho na conversão da energia solar para hidráulica, com um incremento de 177 MJ m-2, 50,87 h a mais no tempo de bombeamento, e 66.135 L. Contudo, a eficiência da conversão da energia solar para o sistema de bombeamento foi de 4,55% e 4,77% para o módulo rastreador e estático, respectivamente. O sistema manual de rastreamento solar utilizado no módulo fotovoltaico, alimentando um sistema de bombeamento para irrigação, foi uma alternativa técnica capaz de melhorar a desempenho do sistema fotovoltaico. Palavras-chave: energia renovável, água bombeada, tempo de bombeamento, eficiência global.

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Chettri, Srijesh, Arpan Chettri, and Susan Chettri. "Dual Axis Self-tracking Solar Panel." International Journal of Computer Applications 141, no. 14 (May 17, 2016): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2016909742.

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Aung, Ei Ei. "Single Axis Solar Tracking System." International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications 8, no. 8 (August 8, 2019): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijsea0808.1006.

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Tiwari,, Shivanshu. "Single Axis Solar Tracking with LDR." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 6, no. 3 (March 31, 2018): 3077–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.3666.

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Szolga, Lorant Andras, and Zsolt Farnas. "Solar Panel Tracking System Using Optical Fiber." E3S Web of Conferences 191 (2020): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019101003.

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In this work we present a new method for the measurement of the light intensity for the solar panels with dual axis tracking system by using optical fiber to conduct the direct sunlight to the light dependent resistors (LDR). With this method we keep away the influence of the temperature on the photoresistors which measure the light intensity. The measurements with the proposed system was done at the same time and place with a classical system with the same configuration, but with the LDRs directly exposed to the sunlight. The results highlighted that, in cloudy conditions when the sunlight is not in direct path on the solar panels and suffers a high scattering, the optical fiber system is more efficient compared to the classical one with differences up to 18% in the generated power.

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Iqbal, Md Khalid, Tanvir Islam, M. Chowdhury, and Ahmed Imteaj. "Construction of Single Axis Automatic Solar Tracking System." International Journal of u- and e-Service, Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2015): 389–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijunesst.2015.8.1.34.

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Chan Roong, Allan Soon, and Shin-Horng Chong. "Laboratory-Scale Single Axis Solar Tracking System: Design and Implementation." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v7.i1.pp254-264.

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This paper presents the design and development of a laboratory-scale single axis solar tracking system. The chronological method was implemented into the system because it has high accuracy and can save more energy as compared to other types of solar tracking system. The laboratory-scale single axis solar tracking system can be used to identify the suitable and safe workspace for the installation of the actual solar tracking system plant. Besides, the validity of the laboratory-scale single axis solar tracking system was examined experimentally. The angle of rotation, per hour is preferable to be implemented into the designed laboratory-scale single axis sun tracking system due to the high performance ratio which is 0.83 and can save the energy up to 25% during sunny days.

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Imron, Chairul, Imam Abadi, Nurika Brillianti, Muhammad Khamim Asy’ari, Yusilawati Ahmad Nor, and Aep Saepul Uyun. "Fuzzy Logic Controller Application for an Active Two-Axis Solar Tracking System." E3S Web of Conferences 190 (2020): 00004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019000004.

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The changes in the intensity of solar radiation cause the electrical power produced by solar panels to be not optimal. The solar panel position control system to the position of the solar is an effort to overcome this problem. There are four Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensors placed on the sides of the four cardinal directions. The difference in the intensity of solar radiation received by each sensor causes the position of the solar panel to turn perpendicular to the position of the solar. The control method used is fuzzy logic control with three membership functions. The controlled variables are pitch angle and yaw angle in an active two-axis solar tracking system. Input fuzzy logic control is an error, and output is PWM. The results of the performance of the pitch angle control system produce settling time for 10 s and error steady-state obtained by 0.080 %, while for the yaw angle control system produces settling time for 13 s and steady-state error is obtained at 0.038 %. The existence of a control system resulted in an increase in the percentage of power above 30 % with a power difference of 7.49 W to a fixed panel.

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Kashan, Karam Abdulwahed, and Fadhil Abbas M. Al-Qrimli. "Improving Photovoltaic Panel (PV) Efficiency via Two Axis Sun Tracking System." Journal of Engineering 26, no. 4 (March 23, 2020): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2020.04.09.

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In this paper two axis sun tracking method is used to absorb maximum power from the sun's rays on the solar panel via calculating the sun’s altitude and azimuth angles, which describe the solar position on the Iraqi capital Baghdad for the hours 6:00, 7:00, 8:00, 9:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 17:00 per day. The angles were calculated in an average approach within one month, so certain values were determined for each month. The daily energy achieved was calculated for the solar tracking method compared with the fixed tracking method. Designed, modeled and simulated a control circuit consisting of reference position truth table, PI Controller and two servomotors that tracked the sun position to adjust the PV panel perpendicular on the rays of the sun. The results obtained by a simulation software MATLAB/Simulink.

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ALFITA, RIZA, ACHMAD FIQHI IBADILLAH, DIANA RAHMAWATI, M. KURNIAWAN HADI KUSUMA, ADI KURIAWAN, ROSIDA VIVIN NAHARI, and MIRZA PRAMUDIA. "Perancangan Solar Tracker Four Axis Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 8, no. 2 (May 19, 2020): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v8i2.404.

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ABSTRAKPanel surya merupakan energi terbarukan yang menjadi solusi untuk masa depan. Tetapi efisiensi menjadi masalah tersendiri pada panel surya, dengan efisiensi yang rendah mengakibatkan daya yang dihasilkan kecil dan tidak sebanding dengan harga yang dikeluarkan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi panel surya ke titik maksimal dengan berbagai fitur yaitu sistem tracking, cermin reflector dan monitoring IoT. Sistem ini menggunakan sensor Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi intensitas cahaya dan dilengkapi juga motor penggerak untuk mengatur sudut elevasi, cermin reflector sebagai pemantul cahaya, dan IoT untuk monitoring jarak jauh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan cermin reflector mampu meningkatkan daya pada siang hari tetapi turun ketika pagi dan sore hari, sedangkan sistem tracking mampu memproduksi daya lebih baik pada waktu kapanpun.Kata kunci: panel surya, sensor, reflektor ABSTRACTSolar panels are renewable energy which is the solution for the future. But efficiency is a problem in solar panels, with low efficiency resulting in small power generated and not worth the price incurred. In this research, the design is carried out to increase the efficiency of solar panels to the maximum point with various features, namely the tracking system, mirror reflector, and IoT monitoring. This system uses an LDR sensor that is used to detect light intensity and is also equipped with a motor to adjust the elevation angle, reflector mirror as a reflection of light, and IoT for remote monitoring. The results showed that the use of reflector mirrors can increase power during the day but go down in the morning and evening, while the tracking system is able to produce better power at any time. Keywords: Solar panels, sensor, reflector

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Chiang, Luciano E., and Jorge E. Jacob. "Low Cost Sun-Tracking Photovoltaic Panel." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 26, no. 4 (October 1998): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030641909802600403.

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A photovoltaic panel (PVP) incorporating a sun-tracking system was designed, built and tested. The performance improvement obtained due to the two-axis tracking system justifies the additional cost, which is minimized by using off-the-shelf components in a compact and reliable configuration. The PVP charges two 6-V batteries which in turn are used to feed the control system using only a small proportion of the converted solar energy. Thus the entire system works autonomously and independent of geographic location. Its convenience is therefore suggested for isolated and remote low-power applications. In particular it is intended for use in desertic locations in northern Chile and, by extension, in geographically similar locations in other developing countries.

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Chen, Sheng, and Chih Chen Chen. "Implementation of Sun Tracking for Solar Cell with Maximum Power Point Tracking." Applied Mechanics and Materials 300-301 (February 2013): 572–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.300-301.572.

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In this paper, the implement of the solar cell for sun tracking is achieved. The sun energy is abundant with clean and green energy, but the efficiency is not benefit from the source of solar panel to the power conversion output for the practical application. This paper contains the implement starting from driving solar cell with the XY-axis servo motor to trace the optimal input solar light, then the maximum power point tracking circuit (MPPT) in the Boost conversion is included to increase the efficiency for lithium battery charging. The super capacitor banks are paralleled with the lithium battery to improve the inrush power load, which is benefit for prolong the lithium battery and solar panel life; The applications of output are included two parts; one is the small green man of traffic light and the other one is AC 110V urban electric conversion; the control core for this system is PSOC chip for its simple, practical and high efficiency demand.

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Muhammad, Burhan, Jin Oh Seung, Kim Choon Ng, and Wongee Chun. "Experimental Investigation of Multijunction Solar Cell Using Two Axis Solar Tracker." Applied Mechanics and Materials 818 (January 2016): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.818.213.

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Solar cell is the most cost effective and simple device to harvest solar energy as compared to other systems. Many types of single junction solar cell are available in market but their main problem is low efficiency. This paper focuses on the performance investigation of high efficiency multijunction solar cell using two axis solar tracker. High solar concentration is needed for multijunction solar cell with accurate solar tracking to get maximum energy output. Solar tracker is based upon the astronomical algorithm of solar tracking. Tracking System consists of GPS module, AVR microcontroller, stepper motors with drive modules and some other accessories. The tracking system takes geographical location data from GPS to calculate sun position for tracking.

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Muhammad, Burhan, Jin Oh Seung, Kim Choon Ng, and Wongee Chun. "Experimental Investigation of Multijunction Solar Cell Using Two Axis Solar Tracker." Applied Mechanics and Materials 819 (January 2016): 536–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.819.536.

Full text

Abstract:

Solar cell is the most cost effective and simple device to harvest solar energy as compared to other systems. Many types of single junction solar cell are available in market but their main problem is low efficiency. This paper focuses on the performance investigation of high efficiency multijunction solar cell using two axis solar tracker. High solar concentration is needed for multijunction solar cell with accurate solar tracking to get maximum energy output. Solar tracker is based upon the astronomical algorithm of solar tracking. Tracking System consists of GPS module, AVR microcontroller, stepper motors with drive modules and some other accessories. The tracking system takes geographical location data from GPS to calculate sun position for tracking.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Single axis tracking solar panel'

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