Academic literature on the topic 'Single channel marketing of agricultural products'

The article considers the existing sales system of agricultural products, which does not allow bringing the manufactured products to the consumer promptly and without losses, as well as reveals the features of agricultural production that affect commercial activity, such as dependence of production output on natural and climatic conditions, guaranteed demand, the uneven supply of products to the market, perishable and poorly transportable products, and the concentration of demand in large cities. It is established that the main suppliers of many types of products to the domestic market are agricultural organizations. This is explained by their large production output and a high level of product marketability. The main channel for selling agricultural products is processing enterprises and wholesale trade. It accounts for 77.0% (by wool) to 98.0% (by sugar beet). The sale prices of products vary by distribution channels; this stipulates the different levels of sales profitability. Export is one of the product sales channels; however, it leads to a reduction in the supply of products in the domestic market. The article substantiates the areas for improvement of commercial activity, which include the use of marketing, increasing the competitiveness of products based on improving their quality, creating consumer marketing cooperatives and agro-industrial establishments that combine production, storage, processing, and sale into a single process, participating in fairs, state and regional tenders, using Internet resources, organizing a system of wholesale food markets and logistics centers.

The article considers the peculiarities of the formation of marketing channels for the distribution of agricultural products PF and identifies strategic directions for their development. The urgency of studying this issue is due to ambiguity in the development of sales activities of PF, on the one hand, their role in shaping the supply of agricultural products, and on the other - complicated sales process and lack of appropriate distribution infrastructure, which does not contribute to their effective development. It is proved that the absence of a single conceptual apparatus for the definition of the distribution channel and the composition of its functions significantly complicates the interaction of scientific developments and practical approaches to the organization of distribution of agricultural products. It is reasonable to consider under the marketing channel an orderly sequence of organizations that perform one or more functions necessary to ensure the ability to purchase products by the end consumer in a convenient place, time, in the required quantity and quality at minimal cost. The main difficulties in organizing the supply of agricultural products PF on the basis of a survey of rural households, including the following: lack of planning in production and marketing activities, episodic and spontaneous trade, its toning, lack of long-term cooperation with processing enterprises, lack of civilized infrastructure and distribution. The peculiarities of the functioning of the main channels of distribution of agricultural products of PF - trade and intermediary structures, retail and food markets, places of spontaneous trade, dairy and meat processing enterprises, procurement organizations are highlighted. The main difficulties in the development of economic relations of farms with processing enterprises and procurement organizations are substantiated: low prices, lack of partnerships that would provide "supplier development", not an objective definition of quality, and so on. In order to support targeted sales activities by peasant households, tools have been proposed to stimulate the development of sales marketing cooperatives, local wholesale and distribution centers with units for the organization of agricultural products from PF and to establish scientific and advisory support for business-type sales activities. higher agricultural education and a network of regional research centers. Key words: marketing distribution channels, personal peasant economy, agricultural products, elements of distribution infrastructure.

PurposeThis paper is designed to assess the sustainable value chain approaches for marketing channel development opportunities for agricultural products in coastal Bangladesh to combat climate change through an approach of community-based adaptation options.Design/methodology/approachThe study was designed to select the potential value chain candidate and to analyze and establish a value chain map to benefit the crop farmers. In this connection, the resources of the whole context were evaluated. The approach uses few tools to generate three outputs, the last of which are the final list of value chains selected for in-depth assessment to design interventions as community-based adaptation practices of the study to combat climate change in the study areas.FindingsThe study demonstrated that the difference in the institutional circumstances of the end markets of the agriculture products is connected to the different categories of harmonization and control of the facilitating environment throughout the supply chains. National and local networks improve the value chain in terms of the value addition of the agriculture products, technology improvement, market access and profitability of the products. Strengthening the weak financial structure, focus more on formal financial systems and resolving sociocultural and climate change-induced hazard concerns are the major concerns on the development of value chains in the countries. Apparently, guarantee for good governance, checking illegal and unregulated market contexts, proper mitigation measures to climate change are some paramount important issues for the sustainable management of livelihood, yield, income and development.Practical implicationsAll kinds of stakeholders of the agriculture product value chain should focus on competitiveness and productivity and look for and exploit multiple ways to add value once initial success has been attained with a single deal. Ensuring sustainability within the value chains is an important feature to cater to the challenges and changing demands of the age.Originality/valueThe study will help to established a sustainable value chain approach in response to climate change, which process will help to existent opportunities for firms to manage the issue of climate risk by codeveloping and employing adaptation options that may be more preferred or accepted by consumers across the entire chain for the sustainable management of livelihood, yield, income and development.

Introduction. The article emphasizes the importance of the role of the sales channels and the logistics system of the agricultural enterprise. This necessitates their improvement in order to en-sure marketing activities. Forms of product promotion are determined in accordance with economic content, economic and economic conditions of distribution, production and economic relations, place on the market. Choosing distribution channels is a difficult decision for the manufacturer, because of the need to take into account many aspects of the functioning of logistics systems. The purpose of scientific research is to determine the nature and role of logistic activity in the marketing and sailing of agricultural products. Results. The zero-distribution channel, which is most often used by producers in the activities of agricultural enterprises, is characterized. The conditions, under which it is appropriate to use this sales channel, are identified. The specifics of logistics activities and the relationship between the intermediary and the manufacturer are outlined. The essence of two-level and three-level sales channels is characterized, their participants are defined and the conditions for effective interaction between them. The factors that influence the choice of direct or indirect channel of interaction between producer and consumer are systematized. The logistics system and distribution channels are identified as one of the most important components in ensuring the competitiveness of agricultural products. The role and essence of marketing communications in the process of logistic activity of agricultural enterprises is established. The effectiveness of Internet communications, including information portals, is highlighted. The influence of state authorities on the logistic systems formation of agricultural enterprises in the process of products sale is determined. The essence of marketing infrastructure is outlined. Formation of grain marketing channels for logistic activity of domestic agricultural enterprises is proposed. The purpose of the sales department of the agricultural enterprise in its logistic activity is characterized. Conclusions. Logistics activities are important in the marketing of agricultural products. Domestic manufacturers need to consider a large number of factors to determine the feasibility of using different types of distribution channels in the logistics system. Improvement of logistic activity of agrarian enterprise is the key to maintaining the proper level of competitiveness of its products. Keywords: logistics, logistic activity, logistics system, marketing, marketing of agricultural products, agrarian enterprise, sales channel, marketing communications.

Although cooperative organizations aim to enhance agricultural production and marketing, in some countries such as China, not all members sell their products through agricultural cooperatives. This study examines the determinants of using agricultural cooperatives as a marketing channel and its effects on farm income and household income, using survey data collected from cooperative members in low-income regions of Sichuan province in China. We employ both propensity score matching model and inverse probability weighting estimator with regression adjustment to address the sample selection bias issue. The empirical results show that risk attitude, farm size, machine ownership, sales ability, and demonstration level of cooperatives are main factors that determine the members’ decision to use agricultural cooperatives as a marketing channel, and the marketing channel users obtain significantly higher farm income and household income than non-users. Our findings highlight the importance and necessity of promoting agricultural cooperatives as a marketing channel among non-users.

The article is aimed at distinguish the peculiarities of the process of management of sales activities of business organizations working in agriculture, processing industry, engineering, trade, light industry and service sector, and identifying specific aspects arising at the junction of sales management and other functional spheres of business organization management. A number of universal principles for any business organization that should be taken into account in the process of forming a general strategy and planning and implementing sales management is provided. Specific features of construction of channels for distribution of finished products in business organizations of different activities are analyzed. The main aspects of interaction of business organizations with other subjects of sales activity are considered and recommendations on its more effective organization are made. It is defined that the main methods of product promotion to achieve the goals of the sales subsystem in the process of sales management are: advertising, sales incentives and personal sales. The main differences in the work of the sales subsystem of business organizations of different industries are identified and the peculiarities of sales management are singled out. It is shown that a feature of sales activities of business organizations in the service sector is the use of a zero sales channel, but for the vast majority of engineering business organizations it is important to operate a «marketing center» organized on a functional principle, the purpose of which is to interact with all departments of the business organization, and for industrial business organizations in which the supply of products to the place of sale depends on the location of production, it is crucial to comply with such conditions as achieving maximum satisfaction of the consumers’ needs and optimizing the cost of supplying products.

Cassava production has got an international attention and currently different organizations and foundations are involved in research and development activities. But cassava producers in the study area are facing different challenges in production system and marketing for cassava products. Hence, the main focus of this research paper is to see the determinants of cassava production and its marketing channel efficiency in the study area. Both primary and secondary data sources were used to address the objectives and the primary data was collected from 181 sample farmers drown from three cassava producer rural villages using multi-stage sampling technique. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to summarize the data. Furthermore, inferential statistics like multiple linear regression model was employed to identify the determinants of cassava production. The study results indicate that the production trend of cassava in the area has been increasing time to time. The regression analysis results also disclosed that educational level, access to agricultural input, age of the farmers, pests attack, extension visit, fertility of the soil, farm size, irrigation, experience and family size were the variables that significantly influence households cassava production. It is also found that direct sale (producers sell their cassava products to the final consumers) brings the biggest price share (35%) for the farmers and it is the best channel to increase efficiency and the wealth of farmers. The challenging factors influencing the cassava producers in the study area are shortage of farm landholding, marketing chain efficiency, soil fertility, high population pressure, and drought etc. Therefore, the researcher recommends that the government, non-government, cooperatives and agricultural research centers should support the cassava producer farmers by giving improved variety and promote the non-producer farmers to participate in cassava production and create market chain in the study area.

<p>Columbia County Bounty is a local organization made up of farmer and culinary business members, with a mission that includes promoting connections between local agricultural producers and culinary businesses. A case study was conducted to address questions raised by CCB related to expanding farm-to-chef marketing in their area. Common barriers for restaurants included larger time commitments, inconvenience, and consistency in product volumes and quality; however, satisfaction with local wholesale distributors may create new opportunities for farmers to work collaboratively with them in including more local products in their distribution. A closer inspection of channel performance by farms in the study will drive changes in future channel strategies and utilization of farm-to-chef marketing, as farms are already benefiting from strong direct marketing channels and restaurants procuring local products from these channels.</p>

Kooperasies, as werktuie ter doelwitbereiking vir graanprodusente, het sedert hul totstandkoming onderskeibare ontwikkelingsfases deurgegaan. Die toepassing van kooperasie as mededingingstrategie deur graanprodusente is grootliks bei"nvloed deur die veranderings wat tydens die ontwikkelingsfases voorgekom het. Aksies wat in die loop van hierdie ontwikkellngsfases ingestel was, het mettertyd onduidelikhede oor die bestaansgrondslag van die kooperasies laat ontstaan. Die klJmaat van politieke veranderings wat tans in die land heers, kan ook belangrike veranderings meebring ten opsigte van die grondslag waarop kooperasies funksioneer. Pie uitwerking van die verwagte veranderings kan kooperasies forseer om strategiese aanpassings in hul strukture te maak ten einde steeds suksesvol te kan bly voortbestaan. · Graanprodusente verkeer in 'n posisie wat vereis dat daar besin moet word oor strategiee wat gevolg kan word ten einde steeds suksesvol in die onsekere markomstandighede mee te ding. Die toepassing van kooperasie as mededingingstrategie waarvolgens graanprodusente deur lidmaatskap van die kooperasies in die mark deelgeneem het, kom nou ook onder die loep. Die hoofprobleem waarop daar dus in hierdie studie gefokus word, is om te bepaal of kooperasie as mededingingstrategie geskik is om die individuele en kollektiewe belange van graanprodusente te bevorder. Van die belangrikste bevindings van die studie is: Graanprodusente voorsien dat kooperasie individuele graanprodusente se markoptrede kan versterk. Graanprodusente is van mening dat hulle deur middel van kooperasie wat manifesteer in selfstandige besigheidsondernemings, genaamd ''kooperasies", 'n positiewe invloed vir graanprodusente op die mark kan uitoefen. Daar kcan nie 'n beduidende negatiewe, of positiewe persepsie oor onderlinge mededinging en die invloed wat die vryemarkbedeling daarop uitoefen, by graanprodusente gei"dentifiseer word nie. Dit blyk egter dat sommige graanprodusente die vryemarkbedeling as 'n belangrike markfaktor bejeen. Ander graanprodusente huldig 'n meer buigsame benadering jeens die vryemarkbedeling. Graanprodusente is, met enkele klemverskille, van mening dat die kooperasies nie daarin slaag om die tradisionele kooperasiebeginsels in die wyse waarop kooperasies hul besigheid bedryf, volledig toe te pas nie. Graanprodusente het oor die algemeen gesien duidelike menings oor die noodsaaklikheid daa.rvan dat die staat nie by die graanbedryf meet inmeng nie. Ander tipes ondersteuningstrategiee, soos die oprigting van beslote korporasies of maatskappye, geniet wisselende steun. 'n Beduidende groep graanprodusente is onseker oor moontlikhede om maatskappye met kapitaalgroei as basis te skep, om sodoende in geheel met kooperasies weg te doen.
Co-operatives have experienced distinguishable changes. The application of co-operation as a competitive strategy by g~in producers was largely influenced by the changes. The prevailing political changes can also instigate important changes with regard to co-operatives. Grain producers must revise strategies to maintain successful competition in the market. The study investigates co-operation as a competitive strategy to advance the individual and collective interests of grain producers, Findings are: Grain producers are convinced that co-operation enhances the market related actions of individual grain producers. Grain producers can, through co-operation, exercise a positive influence in the market. No definite negative or positive perception concerning the influence of the free market system upon mutual competition could be identified. Grain producers are convinced that the state should not interfere with the grain industry.
Business Management
M. Admin. (Business Management)