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1
McCoy, Colleen (Colleen M. ). "Fuel economy of a turbocharged, single-cylinder, four-stroke engine." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112556.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 56-57).
Agriculture is the main source of livelihood for a majority of India's population. However, despite the number of workers, the yield and the yield of principal crops in India is much lower than that in developed nations. One of the reasons for this is the lack of farming mechanization in India. One of the common ways to run farming equipment is by using a single-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine. Diesel engines can be turbocharged in order to make them more efficient for less cost. A method has been found to turbocharge a single-cylinder diesel engine by adding an air capacitor to form a buffer between the intake and exhaust strokes. This thesis analyzes how the size and heat transfer of the air capacitor for this turbocharged diesel engine are correlated to engine performance and fuel economy. According to the modeled engine, a 3.0 liter capacitor had better peak power and fuel economy at high loads and speeds than a 2.4 or 1.25 liter capacitor. Additionally, forced convection cooling on the capacitor using a fan allowed the intake air density to increase, and the engine to have better fuel economy than the . However the peak power and fuel economy of the modeled naturally aspirated engine was better than the turbocharged engine for speeds below 2500 rpm. The general trends from the model were reflected in the experimental data. The forced convection increased cooling, and improved the intake air density. However, it was difficult to make any confident recommendations about the fuel economy based on the experimental data.
by Colleen McCoy.
S.B.
2
Nettleton, Coby Austin. "Reverse-engineering and restoration of a four stroke single cylinder universal fisherman marine engine." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123274.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2019Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 53).
To understand the inner workings of a 4-stroke engine and all of its components, a complete computer aided design (CAD) model was created of a historic marine engine. The parts were cleaned, measured, modeled in CAD and assembled. To ensure longevity of the rebuilt engine, original parts were repaired and, where necessary, new parts were fabricated. Fixing parts and post machining new castings allowed for machining practice on complex rough castings. The rebuilt engine was tested and successfully ran approximately seventy five years after this engine was first built.
by Coby Austin Nettleton.
S.B.
S.B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering
3
Buchman, Michael Rafael. "A methodology for turbocharging single cylinder four stroke internal combustion engines." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/101815.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 95-97).
This thesis presents a method for turbocharging single cylinder four stroke internal combustion engines, a model used to evaluate it, an experimental setup used to test it, and the findings of this experiment. A turbocharged engine has better fuel economy, cost efficiency, and power density than an equivalently sized, naturally aspirated engine. Most multi-cylinder diesel engines are turbocharged for this reason. However, due to the timing mismatch between the exhaust stroke, when the turbocharger is powered, and the intake stroke, when the engine intakes air, turbocharging is not used in commercial single cylinder engines. Single cylinder engines are ubiquitous in developing world off grid power applications such as tractors, generators, and water pumps due to their low cost. Turbocharging these engines could give users a lower cost and more fuel efficient engine. The proposed solution is to add an air capacitor, in the form of a large volume intake manifold, in between the turbocharger compressor and the engine intake to smooth out the flow.
by Michael Rafael Buchman.
S.M.
4
Recker, Derek Jordan. "Design, Development, and Analysis of a Single-Cylinder, Four-Stroke Propane Engine in an Educational Environment." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1431000058.
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Haapakoski, J. (Jonne). "Medium-speed four-stroke diesel engine cylinder pressure effect on component dimensioning." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201612023172.
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The target of this thesis is to examine the W32 four-stroke engine and the four-stroke engine in general, with regard to its different operation modes and their effect on cylinder pressure. The cylinder pressure curves used in this thesis are simulated for the W32 engine using the GT-Power software. Previously, the cylinder pressure curve and the parameters affecting its shape have been partly unknown. This thesis aims to clarify the effect of different parameters on the cylinder pressure curve and investigate further how they affect component dimensioning. The following parameters are investigated: compression ratio, charge air pressure and different valve timings (VIC and Miller). Three components are chosen for this thesis: piston, crankshaft and connecting rod big end bearing (BEB). The crankshaft torsional vibration are calculated using Torsio software and the crankshaft bending has been calculated using the IACS classification software. Bearing calculations, minimum oil film thickness and peak oil film pressure have been calculated using the AVL Excite software. The piston is calculated according to cylinder pressure forces acting on piston crown and piston side. The cylinder pressure curve shape, the width of the maximum pressure and the variation on pressure during gas exchange have influence on component dimensioning. The complete cylinder pressure curve must be taken into consideration in component dimensioning. A piston crown is dimensioned by the maximum cylinder pressure only, but for connecting rod big end (BEB) bearing the whole pressure curve has an effect on the dimensioning. It has been found out that the bearing oil film thickness in gas and diesel operating mode with full load operation is different during gas load even though the maximum pressure is the same in cylinder pressure curves. For crankshaft torsional vibration the power output is important. For bending stress the cylinder pressure curve compression, combustion and expansion stroke has the impact on dimensioningTyön tavoitteena on tutkia W32 nelitahtimoottoria ja yleisesti nelitahtimoottorin eri vaihteita ja näiden vaikutusta sylinteripaineeseen. Työssä käytetyt sylinteripainekäyrät on simuloitu W32-moottorille käyttäen GT-Power-ohjelmaa. Luokitukseen vaadittava sylinteripainekäyrä ja siihen vaikuttavat eri ilmiöt ovat olleet aiemmin osittain tuntemattomia. Tässä työssä on pyritty selventämään eri ilmiöiden vaikutusta sylinteripainekäyrään ja edelleen tutkia niiden vaikutusta eri komponentteihin. Seuraavia ilmiöitä tutkitaan: puristussuhde, ahtopaine sekä eri venttiilien ajoitukset (VIC ja Miller). Tähän työhön on koottu kolme eri komponenttia: mäntä, kampiakseli sekä kiertokangen alasilmän laakeri. Kampiakselin vääntövärähtelylaskelmat on laskettu Torsio-ohjelmalla, kampiakselin taipuma on laskettu IACS-luokitustyökalun avulla. Laakerilaskut, öljyfilmin minimipaksuus (minimum oil film thickness) sekä öljyfilmin huippupaine (peak oil film pressure) on laskettu AVL Excite -ohjelmalla. Mäntä on laskettu sylintetripaine voimien mukaan sekä männän lakiin, että männän helmaan kohdistettuna. Sylinteripainekäyrän muoto, huippupainealueen leveys sekä kaasunvaihdonaikainen paineenvaihtelu vaikuttaa komponenttien mitoitukseen. Komponenttien laskussa koko sylinteripainekäyrän muodolla on merkitystä. Siinä missä esimerkiksi männän laki mitoitetaan sylinteripaineen maksimiarvon perusteella, kiertokangen alasilmän laakeri mitoitetaan koko sylinteripainekäyrän perusteella. On huomattu, että täydellä kuormalla laakerin öljyfilmin kaasunpaineen aikainen minimipaksuus kaasu- ja diesel käytössä poikkeaa toisistaan siitä huolimatta, että kaasu- ja diesel sylintetripainekäyrässä on sama maksimipaine. Kampiakselin vääntövärähtelylle tehon suuruus on tärkeä. Kampiakselin taivutusjännitykseen puolestaan puristustahti, palaminen, sekä paisunta vaikuttavat mitoitukseen
6
Kučera, Michal. "Čtyřdobý jednoválcový motor závodního motocyklu třídy MX1." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230392.
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This thesis describes the design of single-cylinder four-stroke racing motorcycle with a displacement of 450 cm3. The introduction describes the MX1 class motorcycle engines design and basic parameters of the designed engine. This is followed by comparing construction of crank mechanism parts meeting strength calculations with components of contemporary racing engines. The next section describes the design of the timing mechanism, balance shaft, cylinder head, engine cylinder, gearbox shaft location and crankcase lubrication and cooling system.
7
Švábík, Roman. "Jednoválcový motor pro silniční závodní motocykl." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231777.
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The aim of this thesis is design of one cylinder engine, with stroke volume 250ccm, for a Moto3 category racing motorbike. At the begin the thesis describes rules for engine design for Moto3 racing motorbike category and gives a summary about current technologies in engine design and motorcycle development. Another part describes construction features of engine design, completed with crank shaft analysis using the LSA method.
8
Morozov, Anton. "Jednoválcový motor pro silniční závodní motocykl." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231413.
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This thesis describes the design of four-stroke single-cylinder liquid-cooled engine with a displacement of 250 cm3 designed for Moto3 road racing motorcycle. The first chapter describes designs of existing modern engines and requirements to these engines. The next section describes the design of crank mechanism and its components. The following part describes balance shaft, timing mechanism, cylinder, cylinder head, crankcase, cooling system, lubrication system.
9
Vacula, Jan. "Jednoválcový čtyřdobý motor motokrosového motocyklu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231761.
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This diploma thesis is focused on construction of one-cylinder four stroke engine designed for motocross competition. The target was create the 3D model, which has foundation on the thermodynamic simulation. Kinematics of timing mechanism was designed in Lotus Simulation. For checking the main bearings life calculation was performed.
10
Kotiza, Tomáš. "Jednoválcový čtyřdobý motor motocyklu třídy enduro." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254440.
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Diploma thesis is aimed on construction design of single cylinder four stroke engine. Conception of engine with cylinder capacity 450 cm3 meets the rules of Enduro E2 class and is adapt for application for motorcycle with extremely long swing arm according to the patent owned by Ing. Frantisek Krnavek. In the beginning of this thesis is analysis of engines this category and specific engine layouts in the motorcycles. After is design and simulation of engine parameters from which are created and described 3D models of engine parts. Conclusion is about durability calculation of main bearings.
11
Briaris, James. "Dynamic analysis of piston secondary motion in a single-cylinder engine and a four-cylinder engine operating under non-lubricated and lubricated conditions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504324.
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Hudson, James W. "Development and calibration of a torsional engine model for a three-cylinder, two-stroke diesel engine." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1997. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA343145.
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Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1997."December 1997." Thesis advisor(s): Knox T. Millsaps, Jr. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-58). Also available online.
13
Koten, Stanislav. "Jednoválcový dvoudobý motor motocyklu třídy enduro." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231726.
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This thesis deals with the construction of two-stroke motorcycle engine. Specifically, the racing engine for the Enduro class with a displacement of 250 cm3, adapted to be mounted in a chassis with extremely long swingarm according to patent of Frantisek Krnavek. The introduction briefly describes the E2 class rules and discussed design powertrain solutions of this class. Following design and calculation of required motor parameters. Further attention is devoted to detailed calculation of main bearings lifespan. The next section describes in detail the construction of the crank mechanism, cylinder head, exhaust pipe, power valve and reed valve. Conclusion deals with location of other engine parts.
14
陳仁茂. "The Combustion Characteristics and Energy Efficiency Analysis for Single Cylinder Four Stroke Engine." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03629688254614512171.
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Huang, Guan-Li, and 黃光立. "Heat Transfer Model for Four-stroke Single-cylinder Spark-Ignition Air-cooled Scooter Engine." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37400357265533913070.
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碩士國立成功大學
機械工程學系碩博士班
96
The paper deals thermal analysis of cylinder head and cylinder with quasi steady model in the condition of different heat transfer coefficient and heat flux distribution. The numerical simulation in this study makes use of the finite element method to solve temperature field of heat conduction. Through the cylinder heat flux distribution data provided by the manufacturer (Kymco Company) and hence estimated the engine operating temperatures and distribution homogeneity. In the research used two cases of cylinder heat flux distribution for boundary conditions to analyze engine different section, cylinder wall, and fin tip temperatures, also discussed uniform heat flux distribution effect. Finally, the numerical values were compared with experimental measurements. The results reveal that the change of heat flux distribution influences little about the tendency of temperature changing as the angle of cylinder wall and fin tip, the cooling air heat transfer coefficient governs the temperature distribution. On the condition of engine speed 8500 rpm, the simulation results agree experimental values with an error under 10%, the most accurate point is 0.4%, and the most inaccurate is 9.9%. The uniform heat flux results in a larger error which between 4%~17%.
16
Draw-Kung, Lin, and 林照恭. "A Study of the Intake System Tuning of a Four Stroke Single Cylinder Engine." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48787312042479279971.
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Chen, Ding-Wen, and 陳鼎文. "Simulation and Experimental Analysis on the Exhaust Noise of a Four Stroke Single Cylinder Engine." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3n528d.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
94
This research uses the ESP (engine simulation program) to simulate a 125c.c.engine. The simulated engine-torque was compared with the experimental data to a consistence condition by tuning the parameters and constants. Thereafter, three dimensional muffler models (CFD-RC) were set up for modeling the behavior of simple geometry muffler. By using the information from ESP simulation, both the pressure and velocity field at the inlet of the muffler were used and the history of tailpipe velocity was obtained in turn. A sound pressure level calculation then can be derived from theoretical formula and tailpipe noise can obtain. In this manuscript, the measurements of tailpipe noise spectrum at different engine speeds were compare with the results of simulation. The purpose of this study is to improve understanding on the engine exhaust noise in different speeds, the research and development of the follow-up automobile noise can be predicted more accurately, and it can reduce time and cost of design, and then reach the improvement of resident''s living environment quality in the district of city.
18
YANG, ZHI-HAO, and 楊智皓. "Optimizing the Roof Type Combustion Chamber Design of a Single-Cylinder, Four-Stroke Scooter Engine with Four Valves." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u3f9en.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
106
The in-cylinder flow characteristics of a single-cylinder, four-stroke motorcycle engine, which would affect the mixing and combustion performance were studied. A commercial engine with a displacement of 125cc was used as the benckmakr which was hereafdter called the “original engine.” Analyzed by the commercial computational fluid dynamic (CFD) software (Converge), the in-cylinder flow characteristics, such as the flow evolution patterns, turbulence kineytic energy (TKE), tumble ratio, were obtained. The effects of the parameters induced by the geometric arrangement of the engine combustion chamber, such as the volumetric efficiency and squish, were specifically studied. The angle of pent roof and the shape of the piston head which may significantly affect the in-cylinder flow characteristics were varied to examine the optimized designs for the combustion chamber. The engine spped and throttle opening were varied for the cases of study. The results showed that the pent roof angle at 22o to 23o may induce largest TKE and tumble ratio. The “original engne” had a pent roof angle of 22.9o which fell within the range of optimation design. A piston head with a slight concave or a slight convex of special designed geometries could increase tumble ratio up to about 10%. The variations of TKE and tumble ratio were almost unchanged under the conditions with and without installing the throttle value.
19
Su, Ko-Chen, and 蘇格貞. "Simulation of the Air Flow Rate of Four-Cylinder Four-Stroke Engine." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/afb5s5.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系所
101
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the engine intake design effects on the intake air mass for the four-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engine by one dimensional unsteady compressible flow mode. Execution of the entire study can be divided into two parts, the first is to create the numerical model for the engine intake system, and then revise the numerical model according to the measured results. The second is to vary the intake system design parameters to determine the best intake system design at different engine speeds. The design parameters include intake and exhaust valve timing, valve maximum lift, intake manifold length and diameter. After the study, it was found that if the parameters could be collocated well, the volumetric efficiency can be improved in the full range of engine speed. At 1200rpm, volumetric efficiency can be raised by 10.24%. At 3200rpm, the increment is 7%, and at 5600rpm, 12.68% of increase can be reached.
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王又弘. "The Characteristics Analysis of Secondary Air Induct System for Single Cylinder Two Stroke Engine." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66763495530570098864.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系
88
Catalysts have tremendous advantages in improving the motorcycle engine emissions, and one of the important parameters of managing the catalyst effect is the O2 density when the oxidizing reaction begins. The higher the O2 density is, the more effective the catalyst converter acts. Usually motorcycle engine operators in the rich condition, and the exhausted emissions contains less O2. In this situation, it cannot afford enough O2 that the oxidizing reaction need. In order to support the enough O2 which could eliminate CO and HC in the emissions, it must duct ambient fresh air into the exhaust system. This kind of systems was named "secondary air induct systems" (SAIS). This study focus on the dynamic simulation and displacement measurement of the reed paddle when the engine operates in the motoring mode, including the motion of the reed, the driving pressure difference and the measurement and simulation of the flow quantity. And it explores some influences between engine conditions (like torque, exhaust temperature, … etc.) and the SAIS. Results of experiment show that the reed vibrates in the mode1 condition. After compare with the 3 conditions, "quasi-steady" mode, "cantilever beam" mode, and the Ŗnd order system" mode, we think that the Ŗnd order system" mode is the most suitable method to simulate the reed paddle, which has many problems, though. Besides, this study shows that the secondary air quantity grows with the intake duct diameter, and diminishes with the duct length. The intake flow quantity of the SAIS shows little changes if the intake position move forward to the original position. In full load conditions, SAIS can improve the effect of the catalyst converter when the engine runs in lower rpm and do little effect when engine runs in higher rpm. If the engine equipped with the SAIS, the A/F ratio would increase 1~2. In half load conditions, it displays almost the same data no matter the system equipped with the SAIS or not. If the engine equipped the SAIS, the A/F ratio goes lean (almost above 15) and increase A/F ratio about 1~5.
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Chang, Sheng-Tsung, and 張聖宗. "The Design Analysis of Secondary Air Injection System for Single Cylinder Two Stroke Engine." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57718156078975063142.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系
90
Since the third stage of motorcycle emissions regulation has been issued, the catalytic and secondary air injection system（SAIS） become important parts of the emission control system of motorcycles. The function of the air injection system is to provide extra air prior to the catalytic converter to promote the oxidation of CO and unburned hydrocarbons. Most SAIS of the motorcycles is of the natural aspiration type, i.e., air are sucked into the exhaust pipe without boosting. A reed valve is used to prevent the reverse flow in the system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of design parameters on the characteristic of the flow quantity of the SAIS, and studying the effect of injected air on the improvement of engine exhaust emission in the firing engine. In addition, both experiments and numerical calculations of the reed valve will be carried out. Results of numerical calculations show that the “cantilever beam” mode has a good correlation between measured and predicted reed lift at all speeds. The “2nd order system” mode can’t simulate the vibration of the reed valve. It occurs delays of closing points and gets more errors. Therefore, the “cantilever beam” mode can describe dynamic characteristic of the reed valve. Results of experiment show that the intake duct length affects the relationship between air flow quantity and rpm of engine, and do little effect of the intake duct diameter and intake position. In the engine performance direction, intake duct diameter has great effect on the torque, and intake position does when the engine runs in higher rpm. The intake duct length has little effect. SAIS can improve the catalyst converter when the engine runs in lower load and do little effect when engine runs in higher load. Besides, it is important to take account of the heatproof temperatures of the catalyst after used the SAIS.
22
林岱衛. "PIV diagnostic on in-cylinder flow of a four-stroke cycle engine." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71599369078771532305.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
92
Abstract The flow velocity fields in the axial and diametral planes of a four-valve, single-cylinder, four-stroke-cycle engine during the intake and compression strokes are measured by using a particle image velocimeter. Two sets of cylinder heads of various intake-port designs are used in this research. The first set includes three cylinder heads of different intake-port geometries which are intentionally designed for adjustment of the tumble motions in the cylinder. The second set of the geometry-varying cylinder heads are on-purposely designed for comparisons of the swirl motions. The engine cylinder, piston, and accessories are modified to meet the requirements of the laser-light sheet shooting and the camera viewing when the particle image velocimeter is applied. Conditional sampling technique is employed to acquire the instantaneous velocity data at predetermined crank angles. Ensemble average of one hundred instantaneous velocity maps obtained at various crank angles provide clear pictures of the evolution processes of the in-cylinder tumble and swirl motions. Strengths of the rotating motions in the axial and diametral planes are presented by dimensionless tumble and swirl ratios. The absolute and relative turbulence intensities are calculated based on the measured velocity data. The tumble ratio, swirl ratio, as well as the absolute and relative turbulence intensities vary with the crank angle. Integrations over the intake and compression strokes of the non-dimensional parameters show that the cycle-averaged quantities of the swirl and the tumble ratios do present some correlations with the engine performance. The correlations between the in-cylinder flow motions and the engine performance are analyzed and addressed.
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楊賀順. "In-Cylinder Flow Evolution of a Four-Valve, Four-Stroke Cycle Internal Combustion Engine." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02066578649765003626.
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Liu, Chia-yang, and 劉加陽. "In-Cylinder Flow Characteristic of a Four-Stroke 2-Valve Internal Combustion Engine." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a93ndt.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
95
Abstract The gasoline direct injection (GDI) has been engaged to the combustion system of an automotive engine since 1995 by the Mitsubishi Motor. It has been well recognized that the fuel consumption, exhaust emission, and engine performance can be drastically increased by application of the GDI technology. The GDI technology usually must be combined with the in-cylinder flow motion in order to regulate the mixture concentration distribution in the cylinder to a target pattern. By using this technology, the mixture preparation in the engine cylinder can be homogeneous or stratified charge and therefore the combustion can proceed under control. The GDI technology, however, is not popularly used in the small motorcycle engine. In this study, the feasibility of application of the GDI technology to a single cylinder, two-valve, 249 cm3 displacement motorcycle engine is studied numerically and experimentally. The engine is installed by a fuel injector and is hooked up to a modified engine test bench. The in-cylinder flows with/without fuel injections are calculated by a commercial software package of CFD code, the STAR-CD. The in-cylinder flow shows the evolution process of the tumble motion and strong tumble intensity. Coherent tumbling structure starts to appear after 40o crank angle from the top dead center during the intake stroke. It persists even to the final stage of the compression stroke. Therefore, taking the strategy of injecting the fuel during the intake stroke (about 90o after top dead center) to form the homogeneous charge for the high-load and high-speed operation as well as injecting the fuel during the compression stroke (about 60o before the top dead center) to form the stratified charge for the low-load and low-speed operation becomes possible. The tumble flow motion and its interaction with the atomized fuel droplets are also studied. The position, direction, timing, and pressure of injection are found to be the most important parameters. In order to characterize the injection features, the atomization characteristics of fuel injection in the atmosphere are measured by a particle image velocimetry. The spray penetration and droplet size distribution are presented.
25
Chen, Peir-Horng, and 陳培弘. "The computer simulation of the flow field in the inlet pipe and thermodynamic cycle for a four-stroke single-cylinder spark ignition engine." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62560404901402809337.
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潘春榮. "A study for four-stroke motorcycle coated ceramic cylinder honing process parameters on engine performance's effect analysis." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99069610510719793187.
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Sheu, Yoeu Wei, and 許友維. "The Effects of Exhaust System Design on the Performance and the Exhaust Noise for Single Cylinder Two Stroke Engine." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89731304505745649215.
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Huang, Chih Wei, and 黃志偉. "Diagnostic of In-Cylinder Tumble and Swirl Motions of a Four-Stroke Cycle Engine Subject to Modulation of Inlet Port." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61094028359373486278.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
91
A particle image velocimeter (PIV) was employed to study the dynamic flow patterns in the cylinders of on internal-combustion engine. The PIV system was developed and integrated in the laboratory. The PIV technologies were tuned in multiple phases in order to fit the applications. For instance, a test rig with very small vibration amplitudes, a seeding mechanism with large dispersion capability, a low electronic-noise image grabbling strategy, a high transparency/low light reflectivity engine cylinder, etc., were integrated in the system. The dynamic flow patterns during intake and compression strokes in the symmetry plane and the cross-section plane, which were vertical to the central axis of the cylinder, were measured. Two different types of mechanical mechanisms were employed to modulate the in-cylinder flame: the off-set inlet port and the inlet air deflection valve. Velocity vector fields and streamline patterns related to the characteristics of the cycle variations were presented. The ensemble-averaged streamline patterns clearly showed the dynamic behaviors of the flows under different arrangements of the inlet mechanisms. Quantitative analysis regarding the tumbles ratios and swirl ratios were conducted for the measured velocity data. The results showed that the application of PIV to the complicated dynamic flow field in a internal combustion engine was adequate. The premier factors affecting the in-cylinder tumble and swirl motions were discussed.
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Lopes, Paulo Miguel Pereira. "A comparative study of the combustion characteristics of a compression ignition engine fuelled on diesel and dimethyl ether." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/2143.
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Student Number : 9707408V -
MSc(Eng) research report -
School of Mechanical, Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering -
Faculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentThis research is an investigation into the performance and combustion characteristics of a two-cylinder, four-stroke compression ignition engine fuelled on diesel and then on dimethyl ether (DME). Baseline tests were performed using diesel. The tests were then repeated for dimethyl ether fuelling. All DME tests were performed at an injection opening pressure of 210 bar, as recommended for diesel fuelling. The tests were all carried out at constant torque with incremental increases in speed and an improved method of measuring the DME flow rate was devised. It was found that the engine’s performance characteristics were very similar, regardless of whether the engine was fuelled on diesel or DME. Brake power, indicated power and cylinder pressure, during the highest loading condition of 55 Nm, were virtually identical for diesel and DME fuelling, with the most significant finding being that the engine was more efficient when fuelled on DME than when fuelled with diesel. Another interesting finding was that the energy release of diesel decreases with increasing load, whilst the energy release of DME increases with increasing load. At the highest loading condition of 55 Nm, the energy release of DME was approximately 210 joules higher than that of diesel. This investigation concluded that DME may definitely be a suitable substitute fuel for diesel.
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Dung, Bo-Sen, and 董柏森. "System Identification Study of the Multiple Injection System Parameters Effects on Combustion Cylinder Pressure Prediction of a Multi-Cylinder Four-Stroke Direct Injection Common Rail Diesel Engine." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48293135321861392994.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
機械與自動化工程學系
101
The purpose of this study is to apply different system identification methods on the multiple injection system parameters effects to combustion cylinder pressure prediction of a multi-cylinder four-stroke Direct Injection Common Rail (DICR) diesel engine. The engine combustion pressure and performances under different operating conditions affected by the engine fuel injection control parameters were recorded. The system identification simulation analysis output the engine system response transfer function and used for multiple injection condition to predict the corresponding engine combustion pressure.. The fuel injection nozzle solenoid’s current signals are inputs, whereas the corresponding engine combustion pressure signals at the same crank angle recorded by combustion analyzer as the outputs. The single impulse-like injection signal is used to produce the system Impulse Response Function (IRF), then, the system response of combustion pressure can be predicted by using different injection signals and IRF. Different system identification methods, such as Auto-Regression model (ARX), Auto-Regressive Moving Average model (ARMAX), Output Error method (OE), Box-Jenkins method (BJ) were used to find the corresponding predicted combustion pressure transfer function of the system. DICR diesel engine system identification experiments were conducted for three different speed : 1500rpm, 2000rpm, 2500rpm under different loads : 60 Nm、80 Nm、100 Nm for both single and double injection control conditions. Observation and comparison in a variety of engine operating condition’s experimental data with the results of simulated various system identification methods can be useful to verify the correctness of the model combustion pressure prediction. Using system identification, one can quickly identify the predictive model of combustion pressure system transfer function, the resulting combustion pressure prediction model can be applied to DICR diesel engine tuning for control and engine research and development reference.
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Hsu, Wen-cheng, and 許文誠. "PIV Diagnostics and Computational Analysis of In-cylinder Flows of a Four-valve, Single-cylinder Motorcycle Engine." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32142255043009756609.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
96
The axial flow inside the cylinder during intake and compression strokes of a four-stroke motorcycle engine has been studied through experiments and computer simulations. Velocity measurements were done using particle image velocimeter (PIV) while the computer simulation was carried out using STAR-CD software. Engine components were modified and acrylic materials were used to ensure high quality PIV measurements. The inception, establishment, evolution, and destruction processes of the tumbling vortical structures during the intake and compression strokes are presented and discussed. The strengths of the rotating motions in the axial planes are quantified by dimensionless tumble ratio. Experiments and computations tumble ratios are respectively 0.053 and 0.081, which indicates insufficient engine power. Results gathered from computer simulation quantitatively agree with the experimental results.
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Ho, San-Jie, and 何善治. "The Control for the Injection System of the Single-Cylinder Four -Strobes Engine." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15023306035588485825.
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Tsai, Sheu Chin, and 許進財. "The Analysis and Measurement of the White Smoke Opacity at Single Cylinder 2-Stroke Engine." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28409612573664555333.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系
90
White smoke is the most obvious part of the exhaust emitted from Two-Stroke engines. The method for smoke testing currently used in Taiwan is the rapid acceleration test under no load. The current situation of white smoke emission was studied in this paper. It was found that the white smoke is gamma distributed. Four ways to treat the original smoke data were carried out and the results showed that the averaged peak values and the maximum integral values are the most suitable ways to define the white smoke level of motorcycles. The components of white smoke are different at hot test and cold test. At cold test the white smoke is mainly composed of carbon and unburned oil however, while at hot test only the unburned oil is the major component. Lubrication oil is the source of white smoke. Increasing the oil/fuel ratio would cause the smoke opacity to arise slowly due to the absorption effect of muffler. In order to explain this phenomenon successive chambers model was established. Experiment results have good correspondence with the model. At the start and the end smoke opacity arise slowly but rapidly in the middle. On the bench test we find that the engine temperature has significant affect on the smoke opacity. At hot test with an used muffler, the opacity is always low except at high engine speed and exhaust temperature. The white smoke photography using high speed video camera shows that the smoke emitted from the engine is not continuous. Smoke is emitted like a pulse wave and the pulse wave become more obvious at decelerating. It was found that the engine heat release rate is well correlated with the opacity variations. The opacity at high heat release ratio cycle is higher than that at low heat release ratio cycle. This reveals that at low heat release ratio cycle the engine doesn’t combust so the unburned oil will accumulate in the muffler. Engine speed and heat release ratio are the main factors that affect the smoke opacity. Finally we compare the smoke opacity by using fully synthetic oil and mineral oil. The fully synthetic oil has better effect on reducing the opacity. Another method to reduce the opacity is to add petrol injection cleaner in the fuel. After driving about 84 km the opacity is reducing 15% .
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Lee, W. Z., and 李維忠. "The Analysis and Measurement of the Instant Air Flow Rate at Single Cylinder 4-Stroke Engine." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69056281288743248934.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系
89
Air flowing through the inlet valve would generate sharp velocity gradients, separations, and flow circulation. The flow pattern would in turn reduce the actual valve flow area . As a result, the discharge coefficient of inlet valve is the most important parameter for determining the breathing capacity of the four-stroke engine. A lot of work concerning the discharge coefficient has be done, but most of these studies are only based on static measurement or quasi-dynamic measurement. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the instantaneous air flow rate and the dynamic discharge coefficient at a real four-stroke engine. It was found that the dynamic discharge coefficient is in the range of 0~0.3. Besides, the dynamic discharge coefficient in the opening period is different from that in the closing period under the same valve lift. The mean discharge coefficient is in the range of 0.12 ~ 0.25, approximately proportional to the engine speed. The mean discharge coefficient is then used in a flow simulation calculation. It was found that the instantaneous inlet flow rate obtained with the dynamic discharge coefficient is close to that obtained with the mean discharge coefficient. Both are close to the measured flow rate.
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Wu, You-Cheng, and 吳祐丞. "The study of emissions from single-cylinder 4-stroke injection engine by using ethanol-blended gasoline and secondary air injection system." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75410849822513528375.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南開科技大學
車輛與機電產業研究所
99
In recent years, the greenhouse effect and environmental protection is concerned for all people. Therefore the research to reduce pollutant emissions is still progressing. In Taiwan, transportation is one of majority of pollutant emission sources, especially, the emissions from motorcycles. In the study of reduction of pollutant emissions, except for modifying engine design, the most of research is focused on alternative fuels and after-treatment exhaust gas. In this study, secondary air injection system and 10%, 15% and 20% ethanol- blended gasoline fuels mixed with 95 unleaded petrol and ethanol are explored to observe the effect of engine performance and exhaust emissions. Experimental results show that, at 50% throttle opening, the engine output performance will be a little lower for the blended fuel, compared with pure gasoline. On the other hand, due to the relatively oxygen-rich characteristics of ethanol, the air-fuel ratio λ tends to or is greater than 1. It reduces CO and HC emissions, and makes NO and CO2 emissions increased. If the λ is controlled as 1, CO and HC emissions are higher than original ECU, but NO and CO2 emissions are lower than original ECU. For the affection of the secondary air injection system, more secondary air flow rate does not apparently improve the effects of CO well compared with ethanol-gasoline blended fuels, but for HC the emission decreases while the secondary air flow rate increases, NO is reduced for low percentage of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels (E0 and E10). CO2 is improved for secondary air flow rate (8, L/min and 10 L/min).
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Sautermeister, F. A., Martin Priest, P. M. Lee, and M. F. Fox. "Impact of sulphuric acid on cylinder lubrication for large 2-stroke marine diesel engines: Contact angle, interfacial tension and chemical interaction." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/9724.
Full textAbstract:
otherno
The effect of sulphuric acid on the chemical and physical behaviour of the piston ring lubricant in a marine engine cylinder was investigated. To reveal the basic influence of H2SO4 on the lubricant film, the saturated hydrocarbon Squalane (C30H62) was chosen as a simple model oil. The interfacial tension between aqueous H2SO4 (0-98% w/w) and C30H62 was measured between -3 and 165 degrees C to understand droplet formation in the lubricant. Interfacial tension decreases with increasing acid concentration and is temperature dependent.
The wettability of engine parts with corrosive sulphuric acid was characterised by the contact angle. The contact angle of H2SO4 (0-98% w/w) on a grey cast iron cylinder liner material (Wartsila, RT84) and a piston ring chrome-ceramic coating (Federal Mogul Goetze, CKS, empty set960 mm) immersed in C30H62 was measured over a temperature range from 20 to 165 degrees C. In general, larger contact angles were measured under higher temperature conditions and on chrome surfaces.
In addition to the physical measurements, chemical reaction between H2SO4 and C30H62 was observed which influenced the interfacial tension, visual appearance, phase separation and formation of solid matter. The reaction time was found to be faster than the neutralisation times of commercially formulated lubricants. The reaction products were analysed using FTIR spectroscopy and EDX to find oxidation and sulphonation.