Journal articles: 'Single-cylinder four stroke engine'

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Xu, Zhao Ping, and Si Qin Chang. "Development of a Single-Cylinder Four-Stroke Free-Piston Generator." Advanced Materials Research 772 (September 2013): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.436.

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Free-piston engines are under investigation worldwide recently for their potential advantages in terms of efficiency and emissions. This paper focuses on the development and performance of a novel four-stroke free-piston generator (FSFPG), which is designed from a four-stroke free-piston engine equipped with a linear electric generator. Working principle and operating characteristics of the FSFPG are discussed, along with potential advantages and disadvantages compared to conventional engines. The design process and geometric parameters of a single cylinder, gasoline and spark ignition FSFPG prototype is presented. The control strategy of the novel power generating system is discussed. The already obtained testing results and performance of the FSFPG prototype are presented and analyzed in this paper in detail.

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Wu, Y.-Y., B.-C. Chen, and F.-C. Hsieh. "Modulization of four-stroke single-cylinder spark-ignition air-cooled engine models." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 221, no. 8 (August 1, 2007): 1015–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070jauto184.

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In order to satisfy different requirements for engine design and real-time simulation, modulization technology is used in this paper to establish the engine model for small-scale engines. The model consists of simple and complex modules of charging, torque, friction, and crankshaft dynamics, which are established in Matlab/Simulink and verified using the experimental data. Different sets of these modules can be selected for various applications. For engine design, a complex model, which consists of the wave-action charging module and the mean-value combustion module, is employed to study the effects of inlet and exhaust systems on torque output performance. For real-time simulation, different levels of complexity can be selected according to the hardware-in-the-loop requirement of the control verification.

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Shokrollahihassanbarough, Farzad, Ali Alqahtani, and Mirosław Wyszynski. "Thermodynamic simulation comparison of opposed two-stroke and conventional four-stroke engines." Combustion Engines 162, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-116867.

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Today’s technology leveraging allows OP2S (Opposed Piston 2-Stroke) engine to be considered as an alternative for the conventional four-stroke (4S) engines as mechanical drive in various applications, mainly in transportation. In general, OP2S engines are suited to compete with conventional 4-stroke engines where power-to-weight ratio, power-to-bulk volume ratio and fuel efficiency are requirements. This paper does present a brief advent, as well as the renaissance of OP2S engines and the novel technologies which have been used in the new approach. Also precise thermodynamic benefits have been considered, to demonstrate the fundamental efficiency advantage of OP2S engines. Hence, simulations of two different engine configurations have been taken into consideration: a one-cylinder opposed piston engine and two-cylinder conventional piston four-stroke engine. In pursuance of fulfilling this goal, the engines have been simulated in AVL Boost™ platform which is one of the most accurate Virtual Engine Tools, to predict engine performance such as combustion optimization, emission and fuel consumption. To minimize the potential differences of friction losses, the bore and stroke per cylinder are taken as constant. The closed-cycle performance of the engine configurations is compared using a custom analysis tool that allows the sources of thermal efficiency differences to be identified and quantified. As a result, brake thermal efficiency, power and torque of OP2S engine have been improved compared to conventional engines while emission concern has been alleviated.

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Liang, Jinhui, Dongdong Zhang, and Shuwen Wang. "Vibration characteristic analysis of single-cylinder two-stroke engine and mounting system optimization design." Science Progress 103, no. 3 (July 2020): 003685042093063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850420930631.

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Compared with four-stroke engines, single-cylinder two-stroke engines have the characteristics of small inertia, high rotational speed, and wide excitation frequency range. However, the structural vibration and noise generated by the two-stroke engine are very violent. Hence, it is necessary to reduce the vibration and noise of the single-cylinder two-stroke engine. Based on the design theory of the engine mounting system, the excitation frequency, direction, and magnitude of a single-cylinder two-stroke engine are analyzed. The rubber isolator is selected as the new mount element, and the dynamic model of the engine powertrain mounting system is established based on ADAMS software. Based on the sensitivity analysis of the design variables of the mounting system, the natural frequency of the mounting system is used as an objective, and the three-directional stiffness of the mounting system is taken as design variables for the optimization problem. The optimization model is solved by the sequential quadratic programming method. The results show that the maximum frequency of the mounting system after optimization is less than 1/[Formula: see text] of the excitation frequency, and the isolation effect is achieved. The dynamic model and the optimization method presented in this article would provide a useful tool for the design and optimization of mounting system for the single-cylinder two-stroke engine to reduce vibration from the engine to the engine support.

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MOSAKOWSKI, Ryszard. "The reduction of the reaction torque of a straight four-cylinder four-stroke engine." Combustion Engines 142, no. 3 (July 1, 2010): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117139.

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The paper presents both the exact and simplified relations on the course of the reaction torque of a single and multi-cylinder engine, which is transmitted to the vehicle frame or foundation. The formula for the distance between the balance shafts along the vertical axes ensuring a complete elimination of the impact of the forces of inertia on the course of the reaction torque in four-stroke four-cylinder engines is derived in the paper. The criteria for selecting the optimum value of the distance are also derived in the paper. The dependence of the optimum value of the distance on the state of the engine operation and design parameters of the vehicle propulsion system is indicated in the paper. The paper proposes the selection of the optimum shafts distance, for a given type of vehicle, in areas of the engine most frequently used operating states.

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Harbach, James A., and Vito Agosta. "Effects of Emulsified Fuel on Combustion in a Four-Stroke Diesel Engine." Journal of Ship Research 35, no. 04 (December 1, 1991): 356–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1991.35.4.356.

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While the use of emulsified fuel in diesel engines has been an area of much research interest in recent years, the promising results reported in laboratories have not been easy to reproduce in commercial practice. Many of these studies have only measured external effects such as fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. A single-cylinder research engine was operated with water/diesel fuel oil and hydrous ethanol/diesel fuel oil emulsions of varying percentages. Crank angle, cylinder pressure and injector lift were recorded electronically over 50 engine cycles, permitting calculation of the mean and standard deviation of key combustion parameters. The results showed decreased fuel consumption and increased ignition delay, peak cylinder pressure and maximum cylinder pressure rise rate for emulsion operation. While the standard deviation data showed little change in cycle-to-cycle variation for wateremulsion operation, increases of over 200 percent were measured for operation at ethanol amounts over 20 percent.

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Paul, G. R., and I. J. Sixsmith. "A New Method of Investigating Piston Ring Friction Under Firing Conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 210, no. 2 (April 1996): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1996_210_257_02.

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A new method of investigating piston ring friction in a firing engine is described. Preliminary results are presented for a spark ignition four-stroke 15 cm3 single cylinder engine. Tests were carried out on both a ringed and ringless version of the same engine. From the difference in b.m.e.p. between the engines, the ring friction could be deduced under firing conditions. This friction increased linearly with speed.

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Ipci, Duygu, and Halit Karabulut. "Thermodynamic and dynamic modeling of a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine." Applied Mathematical Modelling 40, no. 5-6 (March 2016): 3925–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2015.10.046.

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Joshi, Ishwar, and Surya Prasad Adhikari. "Performance Characteristics of Pine Oil Mixed Diesel Fueled Single Cylinder Four Stroke Diesel Engine." Himalayan Journal of Applied Science and Engineering 2, no. 1 (June 18, 2021): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hijase.v2i1.37819.

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In this study, biodiesel from the stem of Pinus roxburghii was prepared by steam distillation process. Consequently, the physical and thermal properties of pine biodiesel (P100), and 20 % pine-biodiesel and 80 % diesel (P20) were tested on American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. The test results confirmed that the thermophysical properties of pine biodiesel and its blend were suitable for the fuel in diesel engine without any modification in the test engine. Eventually, the engine performance and combustion parameters were evaluated for pine-biodiesel blend for 5 % biodiesel and 95 % diesel (P5), 10 % biodiesel and 90 % diesel (P10), 15 % biodiesel and 85 % diesel (P15) and P20, and compared with diesel on Kirloskar Single Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine for a compression ratio of 15:1. In the midst of those in different blends evaluated, P15 showed the better brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) i.e 18.75 % lower than diesel fuel particularly up to 50 % of the engine load. However, at higher load, decrease rate in BSFC of P15 fuel is lower than engine load up to 50 %. Similarly, brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of P15 increases to 13.5% mainly on 50 % loading condition of the engine. At above, increment rate of BTE of pine oil biodiesel compared to diesel decreases. The brake power (BP) and brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) of P15 also found nearer to diesel. However, the BP of P15 found higher compared to diesel in all loading conditions. Thus, from the experimental investigations, P15 blend of pine oil biodiesel was found to be amenable for its use in compression ignition (CI) engine without any modification, as the BTE and SFC were found to better and, BP, indicated power (IP) and BMEP were also found nearer to diesel fuel.

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Wang, Yang, Wuqiang Long, Jingchen Cui, Hua Tian, Xiangyu Meng, Xin Wang, and Duo Xu. "Development of a variable mode valve actuation system for a heavy-duty engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 10-11 (February 12, 2020): 2618–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407020901659.

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A new variable mode valve actuation system for a heavy-duty engine was proposed and designed in this paper. The variable mode valve actuation system can significantly enhance braking safety and improve fuel economy and emission of heavy-duty engines through flexible switching among four-stroke driving mode, two-stroke compression-release braking mode, and cylinder deactivation mode on a conventional four-stroke engine. The switching was controlled by four-stroke driving modules and two-stroke braking modules, both of which have two operation states: effective state and failure state. For the control of the multi-cylinder engine, all cylinders can be divided into several groups, and all the four-stroke driving modules in the same group were controlled by one solenoid valve, as well as all the two-stroke braking modules were controlled by another solenoid valve. A hydraulic-mechanical multi-body dynamics model was established to investigate the switching response of the variable mode valve actuation system. The results indicated that when the engine operated at 2000 r/min, the switching of the four-stroke driving module and the two-stroke braking module required 30 °CA and 101 °CA at most, respectively. In addition, to avoid the conflict between the four-stroke driving valve lift and the two-stroke braking valve lift, the switching between the four-stroke driving mode and the two-stroke compression-release braking mode must have a reasonable sequence. The variable mode valve actuation system has an excellent switching response and it is convenient for the control of the multi-cylinder engine. Therefore, the variable mode valve actuation system has a good application prospect for heavy-duty engines.

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Ren, Hao Ling, Tian Liang Lin, and Hai Bo Xie. "Research on Hydraulic Free Piston Engine with High Scavenging Efficiency." Applied Mechanics and Materials 779 (July 2015): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.779.187.

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The poor scavenging process of the hydraulic free piston engine which uses two-stroke engine as its driver was presented. A two-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine was proposed to drive the single-piston hydraulic free piston engine to improve the scavenging process. The intake and release valves mechanism and fuel injection system were redesigned to adapt the performance of the single-piston hydraulic free piston engine. Feasibility and reliability of this new structure are verified through simulation.

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Moskwa, John J., Wenbo Wang, and Duane J. Bucheger. "A New Methodology for Use in Engine Diagnostics and Control, Utilizing “Synthetic” Engine Variables: Theoretical and Experimental Results." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 123, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 528–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1387019.

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This paper describes new methodologies and algorithms for use in engine diagnostics that simplify and improve combustion quality monitoring and closed-loop engine control in order to meet stringent emission standards. The “synthetic” variables these algorithms produce can be used to indicate the work produced by each cylinder combustion event at all engine speeds, and can be effectively used for on-board combustion quality measurements, engine diagnostics, and closed-loop control. The algorithms are very simple in form, run in real time, and the methodologies can be applied to compression ignition or spark ignition, 2-stroke or 4-stroke gasoline or diesel engines. Both simulation and experimental results are given for a two-stroke, two-cylinder in-line engine. The rotational dynamics and firing sequence of this configuration of engine is very similar to a four-stroke, four cylinder in-line engine, and nearly identical results will be seen with these two designs. Even more dramatic improvements can be seen with engines of fewer cylinders because of greater variations in their inertial forces. The algorithms can be successfully applied to many other engine configurations as well. Therefore, benefits can be derived from the application of these algorithms and their “synthetic” variables to control strategies for almost all modern small and medium size automotive and marine engines, as well as utility engines used for lawn care, snow removal, and other similar applications.

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Gherghina, George, Dragos Laurentiu Popa, and Dragos Tutunea. "Simulation of a Mono Cylindrical Engine with LES Software." Applied Mechanics and Materials 823 (January 2016): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.823.347.

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This paper analyzes the numerical research carried out on a single-cylinder research engine. 1D engine simulation tools are widely used to model the combustion and gas flow processes in a four-stroke spark ignited engine. LES software represents a powerful tool for optimization of engine dynamic processes and parameters. The simulation and design of engines can drastically reduce time and costs in automotive industry. 1D advance systems are needed for an effective boosting of the engine. A mono cylindrical spark ignition engine was analyzed to determine the performance and general parameters.

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Buchman, Michael, Devarajan Ramanujan, and Amos G. Winter. "A Method for Turbocharging Single-Cylinder, Four-Stroke Engines." SAE International Journal of Engines 11, no. 4 (July 24, 2018): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/03-11-04-0028.

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Yu, Houliang, Zhaoping Xu, Qinglin Zhang, Liang Liu, and Ru Hua. "Two-Stroke Thermodynamic Cycle Optimization of a Single-Cylinder Free-Piston Engine Generator." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9783246.

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A free-piston engine generator (FPEG) is a new type of energy converter, which eliminates the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism. In order to achieve efficient energy conversion, the two-stroke thermodynamic performance optimization of a single-cylinder free-piston engine generator is investigated in this paper. Firstly, the components, four-stroke thermodynamic cycle, two-stroke thermodynamic cycle, and prototype system of the FPEG are presented in detail. The one-dimensional flow simulation model of the FPEG is created based on the gas dynamics equation, Weber combustion function, and heat transfer function, and then the model is validated by the data tested from the prototype system. According to the four-stroke experimental results of the FPEG, an effective power of 4.75 kW and a peak pressure of 21.02 bar have been obtained. Then, the two-stroke thermodynamic cycle is simulated and compared under the different control parameters of intake air pressure, injection timing, ignition timing, and valve timing through the simulation model. The optimized results show that an indicated thermal efficiency of 27.6%, an indicated power of 6.7 kW, and a maximal working frequency of 25 Hz can be achieved by the prototype system, when the two-stroke thermodynamic cycle is used.

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M, VIJAYAKUMAR. "EFFECT OF STERCULIA FOETIDA BIODIESEL ON SINGLE CYLINDER FOUR STROKE DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 12, no. 12 (June 15, 2016): 4614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v12i12.792.

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In the present work, transesterified new biodiesel of sterculia foetida oil is mixed with diesel and the engine performance, combustion and emission was analysed. The primary objective work is to produce a new alternate and biodegradable fuel for compression ignition engine. The biofuel oil is an extract from sterculia foetida seed and transesterfied with 20 % methanol and 2 % KOH. The transesterfied biofuel concentrations were varied at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% with diesel viz. B25, B50, B75 and B100. The engine is operated at different load conditions with different concentration of fuel. The experiments are conducted and the fuel blend B25 produces maximum of brake thermal efficiency in comparison with other biodiesel blends and produced maximum heat release and minimum emission produced at B25 biodiesel blend.

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Basavaraju, A. N., Mallikappa, and B. Yogesha. "Performance of SI Engine to Improve the Combustion Characteristics by Using Methanol Blended Petrol." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 857–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.857.

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The present energy situation has stimulated active research interest in non-petroleum and non-polluting fuels, particularly for transportation, power generation, and agricultural sectors. This paper describes feasibility of utilization of Spark ignition (SI) engine in single fuel mode and to develop the optimum operating conditions in terms of fuel injection timing and fuel injection pressure. Many modifications were made for the developed direct fuel injection system to improve the performance of the 350 cc four stroke single cylinder petrol engine. The engine is tested to conduct performance, combustion emission characteristics with the aid of carburetor. As single cylinder small engines have low compression ratio (CR), and they run with slightly rich mixture, their power are low and emission values are high. In this study, methanol was used to increase performance and decrease emissions of a single-cylinder engine. Initially, the engine whose CR was 7.5/1 was tested with gasoline and methanol at full load and various speeds. This method is used for increasing the fuel efficiency of a vehicle by adding different percentage of methanol to the petrol and to decrease the pollutants produced during combustion process.

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Win, H. H. "Performance of Jatropha Oil-based Biodiesel Fuel in a Single-cylinder Four-Stroke Diesel Engine." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 29, no. 2 (December 20, 2012): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.54.

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Studies on alternative fuels have been active in Myanmar because the rapid mechanization of the agricultural sector demands higher diesel consumption. Jatropha oil-based biodiesel is one of the potential alternatives because of the relative ease of growing and producing this plant. In this study, both the experimental and theoretical analyses of Jatropha oil-based B20 biodiesel wereperformed and compared with conventional diesel. First, B20 was prepared by the base-catalyzed transesterification of the oil and its properties were measured. Second, separate performance tests were conducted on diesel and the biodiesel fuel using a LEYER-16 diesel engine. The speed range of interest was between 1000 r.p.m and 2000 r.p.m. Third, performance simulations were done in MATLAB using an algorithm written based on the theory of the engine operating cycle and air/ fuel compositions. Both experimental and simulation results show that there were no significant differences in the brake power and thermal efficiency of the engine between using diesel and the B20 diesel. However, fuel consumption when using B20 was slightly higher than that of diesel. This difference was marginal and it can be concluded that engine performance characteristics are the same for both diesel and B20 suggesting that B20 has great potential to be used as a substitute for diesel.

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Wang, Xinyan, Jun Ma, and Hua Zhao. "Analysis of mixture formation process in a two-stroke boosted uniflow scavenged direct injection gasoline engine." International Journal of Engine Research 19, no. 9 (October 17, 2017): 927–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087417736451.

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The two-stroke engine has the great potential for aggressive engine downsizing and downspeeding because of its double firing frequency. For a given torque, it is characterized with a lower mean effective pressure and lower peak in-cylinder pressure than a four-stroke counterpart. In order to explore the potential of two-stroke cycle while avoiding the drawbacks of conventional ported two-stroke engines, a novel two-stroke boosted uniflow scavenged direct injection gasoline engine was proposed and designed. In order to achieve the stable lean-burn combustion in the boosted uniflow scavenged direct injection gasoline engine, the mixture preparation, especially the fuel stratification around the spark plug, should be accurately controlled. As the angled intake scavenge ports produce strong swirl flow motion and complex transfer between the swirl and tumble flows in the two-stroke boosted uniflow scavenged direct injection gasoline engine, the interaction between the in-cylinder flow motions and the direct injection and its impact on the charge preparation in the boosted uniflow scavenged direct injection gasoline engine are investigated in this study by three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations. Both the single injection and split injections are applied and their impact on the mixture formation process is investigated. The start of injection timing and split injection ratio are adjusted accordingly to optimize the charge preparation for each injection strategy. The results show that the strong interaction between the fuel injection and in-cylinder flow motions dominates the mixture preparation in the boosted uniflow scavenged direct injection gasoline engine. Compared to the single injection, the split injection shows less impact on the large-scale flow motions. Good fuel stratification around the spark plug was obtained by the late start of injection timings at 300 °CA/320 °CA with an equal amount in each injection. However, when a higher tumble flow motion is produced by the eight scavenge ports’ design, a better fuel charge stratification can be achieved with the later single injection at start of injection of 320 °CA.

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Zain, Shukri, and Shaari M. Fazri. "An Investigation of Supercharged Air Filter System on the Performance of a Spark Ignition Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 465-466 (December 2013): 443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.465-466.443.

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Considering the enhancement device for air intake systems have been widely available in the market for automotive engines, in this paper, the effect of Supercharged Air Filter (SAF) system on a Spark Ignition (SI) engine were experimentally investigated. Three different types of air filter; standard, conical shape air filter and SAF were tested on a four-stroke single-cylinder engine. The engine was coupled to a 20kW generator dynamometer to measure engine performance parameters; engine torque, engine power (B.P), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) at various engine speeds with maximum engine load. The results show that the forced induction system can affect the engine performance but it will make the engines fuel consumption higher than standard system.

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Vijayashree, P. Tamil Porai, N. V. Mahalakshmi, and V. Ganesan. "Effect of Compression Ratio on Performance of a Four-Stroke Spark-Ignition Engine - A Theoretical and Experimental Study." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 945–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.945.

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Researchers strive to improve the performance characteristics such as power, thermal efficiency, mean effective pressure etc. of automotive engines. As the emission norms are becoming stringent day by day, the car manufacturers try their best to decrease the emissions and improve the performance without major compromise on performance. Improvements in the performance of an engine are can be achieved by increasing the compression ratio below detonating values. In this study influence of compression ratio on cylinder peak pressure, power, efficiency, and work for a four-stroke spark-ignition engine is reported. Both experimental and theoretical studies have been undertaken. Theoretical work is carried out using thermodynamic modelling techniques. Compression ratios ranging between 6.3 and 10.3 are considered in the speed range of 1200 and 2800 rpm. Experiments have been carried out on a single cylinder engine for a compression of 8.3 over the above speed range. The investigation is carried out particularly at such low speeds since in city driving the vehicles run only at part throttle in the above range of engine speed. The general conclusion is that the increase in compression ratio increases the performance.

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Li, Y., H. Zhao, and N. Ladommatos. "Analysis of large-scale flow characteristics in a four-valve spark ignition engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 216, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 923–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440620221600906.

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A digital particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurement has been carried out to study the large-scale flow characteristics in a single-cylinder engine with a production-type four-valve cylinder head under one intake port deactivation. The measurement plane was located 12 mm below the cylinder head parallel to the flat piston top. Two-dimensional velocity fields from 100 consecutive cycles were acquired at every 30 crank angle interval in the compression stroke to analyse ensemble-averaged mean velocity, cyclic variation of the swirl motion, low-frequency and total velocity fluctuations and their integral length scales. The analysis shows that as one intake port is deactivated, strong swirl forms at the end of the intake stroke and sustains its flow pattern up to the late stage of the compression stroke with the precessing of the swirl centre. Both swirl ratio and swirl centre show significant cyclic variations in the compression process. A low-frequency component with spatial frequency below 0.05 mm-1 (corresponding to a large-scale structure with a spatial scale over 20 mm) is absolutely predominant in the flow field and therefore the low-frequency large-scale flow behaviour determines the basic characteristics of the total in-cylinder flow. The flow field is considerably anisotopic because the integral length scale of any velocity fluctuation components along any direction is different. However, the velocity fluctuation field in the horizontal plane will gradually become homogeneous as the piston moves up in the compression stroke. The integral length scale is in the range of 4-10 mm at an engine speed of 600 r/min. When the engine speed is doubled, flow velocity in the cylinder nearly doubles and velocity fluctuation kinetic energy more than triples though the flow pattern hardly changes.

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Li, Y., S. Liu, S.-X. Shi, M. Feng, and X. Sui. "An investigation of in-cylinder tumbling motion in a four-valve spark ignition engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 215, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407011525511.

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The formation and break-up of the tumble in the cylinder were studied in a single-cylinder four-valve spark ignition engine using laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) measurements and multidimensional numerical simulations. The flow structure generated by the tumble break-up was also analysed using the cycle-resolved LDA data processing method. These results show that, during the intake stroke, two counter-rotating vortices are generated in the cylinder by the intake flow along the two sides of the cylinder. They then gradually evolve into the tumble vortex at the initial stage of the compression stroke. Tumble motion can be strengthened by increasing the intake flow going along the surface of the exhaust valves and/or decreasing the intake flow descending directly along the cylinder wall on the side of intake valves. Although a partially decayed tumble vortex still exists in the central part of the combustion chamber near the end of compression, in other parts of the combustion chamber the tumble distorts and breaks up into small vortices and eddies so that the root mean square velocity fluctuation increases. The flow structure generated by the tumble break-up has a characteristic of lower frequency and larger eddy scale.

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Romani, Luca, Alessandro Bianchini, Giovanni Vichi, Alessandro Bellissima, and Giovanni Ferrara. "Experimental Assessment of a Methodology for the Indirect in-Cylinder Pressure Evaluation in Four-Stroke Internal Combustion Engines." Energies 11, no. 8 (July 30, 2018): 1982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11081982.

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Recent innovations in engine control and diagnostics are providing room for development of innovative combustion approaches (e.g., low-temperature combustion) able to minimize the creation of pollutants. To ensure the constant fulfillment of the prescribed thermodynamic conditions, however, a fast real-time monitoring of the in-cylinder pressure is needed. To this end, dynamic pressure sensors, flush-mounted on the cylinder head, are commonly used. With this approach, the measurement accuracy is high, but the durability is limited by the harsh working conditions. The installation on the cylinder head is also complex. The development of robust and effective indirect measurement systems could then represent the enabler of a further development of this technology. In the present study, an innovative methodology to measure the in-cylinder pressure has been conceived and extensively tested on a four-stroke single-cylinder engine. The proposed approach is based on the analysis of the mechanical stress on the engine studs by means of a piezoelectric strain washer. This solution allows the user for a rapid and cost-effective sensor installation, described in the paper along with the signal post-processing techniques. Results showed good accuracy and robustness of the methodology, making the results of practical use for engine control.

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., Rajesh Bisane. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION & ANALYSIS OF AN SINGLE CYLINDER FOUR STROKE TWIN-CHARGE C.I. ENGINE." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 05 (May 25, 2014): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0305040.

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Kumar Yadav, Santosh, and Earnest Vinay Prakash. "Design and Analysis of Crankshaft of Single Cylinder Four Stroke Engine Using ANSYS Software." International Journal of Research in Advent Technology 7, no. 7 (August 10, 2019): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32622/ijrat.77201942.

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Sreedevi, K. N. V. "Experimental Investigation on Four Stroke Single Cylinder Diesel Engine with EGR & Magnetic Field." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 2058–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.4374.

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Ren, Hao-ling, Hai-bo Xie, Hua-yong Yang, and Jian-fei Guo. "Asymmetric vibration characteristics of two-cylinder four-stroke single-piston hydraulic free piston engine." Journal of Central South University 21, no. 10 (October 2014): 3762–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11771-014-2360-2.

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Kluczyk, Marcin, and Andrzej Grządziela. "Simulation Model of Four Stroke, Six Cylinder Marine Diesel Engine." Solid State Phenomena 236 (July 2015): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.236.113.

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The paper presents a model of dynamics of six-cylinder inline diesel engine executed in the Matlab software. The basic equations necessary to describe the forces acting during the engine operation was presented. Application of some simplifications allowed to present proposal of a mathematical model of the engine, which allows analysis of changes of forces in the crank-piston system, depending on the technical condition of the fuel system elements. Operational experience indicate that one of the most common cause of failure of the fuel system is reduced fuel charge supplied by a defective fuel injection pump. Calculations of gas forces had been replaced by the implementation into the model indication charts recorded from tests on a engine test stand. Simulation results were presented as a result of FFT spectra of modeled tangential forces.

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Liu, H. Q., N. G. Chalhoub, and N. Henein. "Simulation of a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Under Cold Start Conditions Using Simulink." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 123, no. 1 (February 23, 2000): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1290148.

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A nonlinear dynamic model is developed in this study to simulate the overall performance of a naturally aspirated, single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection diesel engine under cold start and fully warmed-up conditions. The model considers the filling and emptying processes of the cylinder, blowby, intake, and exhaust manifolds. A single zone combustion model is implemented and the heat transfer in the cylinder, intake, and exhaust manifolds are accounted for. Moreover, the derivations include the dynamics of the crank-slider mechanism and employ an empirical model to estimate the instantaneous frictional losses in different engine components. The formulation is coded in modular form whereby each module, which represents a single process in the engine, is introduced as a single block in an overall Simulink engine model. The numerical accuracy of the Simulink model is verified by comparing its results to those generated by integrating the engine formulation using IMSL stiff integration routines. The engine model is validated by the close match between the predicted and measured cylinder gas pressure and engine instantaneous speed under motoring, steady-state, and transient cold start operating conditions.

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Qureshi, Imran G., and Prof R. J. Jani Prof. R. J. Jani. "Performance and Emission Analysis of Four Stroke Twin Spark Single Cylinder SI Engine Fuelled with Gasoline and CNG -a Technical Review." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 5 (June 1, 2012): 240–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/may2013/79.

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Hatat, Nicolas-Ivan, David Chalet, François Lormier, and Pascal Chessé. "Influence of the combustion chamber geometry on the scavenging of a four-stroke internal-combustion engine during the valve overlap period." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 230, no. 14 (August 5, 2016): 1873–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407015624335.

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The performance of an internal-combustion engine is directly related to the fuel quantity that can react with the oxygen in the air during the exothermic oxidation step, also called combustion. Thus, the amount of fuel introduced is intrinsically linked to the air volume that can be admitted into the cylinder (air filling of the cylinder). Hence keeping the air in the cylinder is one of the most important concepts to predict in simulations. Nevertheless, the phenomenon of air filling depends on many parameters. Also, the discharge coefficients, and the impact of the piston presence near the valves on the flow, during valve overlap are investigated. For this, a digital flow bench is constructed to reproduce a series of tests carried out on a flow test bench functioning as a result of the reduction in the pressure. In this paper, the engine studied is a 125 cm3 single-cylinder four-stroke atmospheric type with two valves. Thus, the idea of this paper is to treat the case of engines with large valve overlaps as small engines or engines with variable valve timing. First, traditional tests through a single valve are performed. The forward and reverse directions are systematically tested to ensure proper operation of the digital testing, and to determine the differences between tests and simulations in the case of conventional configurations. Then, the flow through the entire cylinder head, i.e. the intake valve–cylinder with piston–exhaust valve system, is tested and studied. The aim is to compare the results obtained by the tests and the simulations during the valve overlap period. Significant differences were highlighted between the rates measured in one-dimensional simulations and in the tests. It was noteworthy that the one-dimensional code overestimated the mass passing through the system during valve overlap by about one fifth of the estimated mass passing through the system from the results obtained with the test rig.

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Vijayashree, P. Tamil Porai, N. V. Mahalakshmi, and V. Ganesan. "Analysis of Incylinder Pressure and Temperature Variation in a Four-Stroke S. I. Engine Using Wiebe’s Combustion Model." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.957.

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This paper presents the modeling of in-cylinder pressure variation of a four-stroke single cylinder spark ignition engine. It uses instantaneous properties of working fluid, viz., gasoline to calculate heat release rates, needed to quantify combustion development. Cylinder pressure variation with respect to either volume or crank angle gives valuable information about the combustion process. The analysis of the pressure – volume or pressure-theta data of a engine cycle is a classical tool for engine studies. This paper aims at demonstrating the modeling of pressure variation as a function of crank angle as well as volume with the help of MATLAB program developed for this purpose. Towards this end, Woschni heat release model is used for the combustion process. The important parameter, viz., peak pressure for different compression ratios are used in the analysis. Predicted results are compared with experimental values obtained for a typical compression ratio of 8.3.

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Heywood, John B. "Fluid Motion Within the Cylinder of Internal Combustion Engines—The 1986 Freeman Scholar Lecture." Journal of Fluids Engineering 109, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 3–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3242612.

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The flow field within the cylinder of internal combustion engines is the most important factor controlling the combustion process. Thus it has a major impact on engine operation. This paper reviews those aspects of gas motion into, within, and out of the engine cylinder that govern the combustion characteristics and breathing capabilities of spark-ignition engines and compression-ignition or diesel engines. Necessary background information on reciprocating engine operating cycles, the primary effect of piston motion and the spark-ignition and diesel engine combustion processes is first summarized. Then the characteristics of flow through inlet and exhaust valves in four-stroke cycle engines, and through ports in the cylinder liner in two-stroke cycle engines are reviewed. These flows govern the airflow through the engine, and set up the in-cylinder flow that controls the subsequent combustion process. The essential features of common in-cylinder flows—the large scale rotating flows set up by the conical intake jet, the creation and development of swirl about the cylinder axis, the flows produced during compression due to combustion chamber shape called squish, flow during the combustion process, and two-stroke scavenging flows—are then described. The turbulence characteristics of these flows are then defined and discussed. Finally, flow phenomena which occur near the walls, which are important to heat transfer and hydrocarbon emissions phenomena, are reviewed. The primary emphasis is on developing insight regarding these important flow phemomena which occur within the cylinder. To this end, results from many different research techniques—experimental and computational, established and new—have been used as resources. It is the rapidly increasing convergence of engine flow information from these many sources that make this an exciting topic with promise of significant practical contributions.

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GNANAM, Gnanaprakash, Dale HAGGITH, and Andrzej SOBIESIAK. "A novel in-cylinder fuel reformation approach to control HCCI engine combustion on-set." Combustion Engines 138, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117179.

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Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines have the potential to deliver high thermal efficiencies (when compared to spark ignition engines) coupled with ultra-low NOx emissions and Particulate Matter (PM) for partial-load operating regions. However, the inherent absence of Start of Combustion (SOC) or combustion on-set control has been a major obstacle for implementing this technology into production engines. In the present work, a new in-cylinder reformation strategy to control the on-set of combustion has been incorporated into a HCCI engine fuelled with lean ethanol/air mixtures. The objective of the in-cylinder reformation process is to generate hydrogen enriched gas (which includes other intermediate species) from ethanol reformation, which is then used to control the subsequent HCCI cycle combustion on-set. The experimental engine used for the study is a four-stroke, three cylinder In-Direct Injection (IDI) type compression ignition engine which was converted to single cylinder operation for HCCI combustion. A proto-type reformation chamber has been designed and fabricated with direct injection capabilities to examine the proposed in-cylinder reformation process. In order to clarify the effects of reformation products on HCCI combustion on-set, experiments were conducted with constant engine speed, initial charge temperature, and engine coolant temperature. The engine performance was evaluated based on cycle-resolved in-cylinder pressure measurements and regulated engine-out emissions. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed in-cylinder reformation strategy is an effective method for controlling HCCI combustion on-set (SOC) and reduces the regulated engine-out emissions. Furthermore, the experimental results indicate that there is an optimal in-cylinder reformation fuelling percentage which will have a positive impact on regular HCCI combustion at given operating conditions.

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Nimsiriwangso, Atip, Paul Barnes, Omid Doustdar, Miroslaw L. Wyszynski, Gasim Mohamed, Maisara Mohyeldin, and Miroslaw Kowalski. "6-Stroke Engine: Thermodynamic Modelling and Design for Testing." Journal of KONES 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0037.

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Abstract In the study AVL BOOST™ is used to perform a thermodynamic simulation of a six-stroke engine, being built by a research team based in Saudi Arabia. The six-stroke cycle consists of a standard four-stroke Otto Cycle followed by a heat recovering steam expansion cycle. Water is injected into the hot combustion chamber towards the end of the Otto expansion stroke producing steam, which is used to perform work on a piston. This process produces power using waste heat and therefore increases the overall efficiency of the engine. The Robin EY28D engine, which is a single cylinder, four-stroke, gasoline engine was used for this simulation study. The engine was modelled and converted into six-stroke engine in AVL BOOST. The results show that six-stroke engine is more efficient than four-stroke engine. In six-stroke engine, the engine power is increased by 33.1% and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is decreased by approximately 16%. Where emissions are concerned, Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) emission from six-stroke engine is reduced by 80%, while the Hydrocarbon (HC) emission increases by 85% compared with the original 4-stroke. Moreover, the most efficient camshaft was found and designed according to the most efficient valve profile for this engine, which is combination of 60CA° of valve duration and 10 mm of valve lifting.

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Taranin, A. G. "USAGE FEATURES OF THE ELECTRONIC INDICATORS FOR SHIP’S AND SHORE POWER SUPPLY FOUR– STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES (DIESEL ENGINES)." EurasianUnionScientists 5, no. 4(73) (May 12, 2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.5.73.681.

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The present publication illuminate the tasks as follows: Electronic indicator proper usage at four–stroke internal combustion engines (diesel engines) indication; Indication results & diagram proper transfer to PC; indicator diagram top dead center TDC correction and engine performance data output values such as PMI–mean indicated pressure, PME–mean effective pressure, NIND–indicated power and NEFF–effective power proper calculations for each cylinder and engine total.

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Taranin, A. G. "USAGE FEATURES OF THE ELECTRONIC INDICATORS FOR SHIP’S AND SHORE POWER SUPPLY FOUR– STROKE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES (DIESEL ENGINES)." National Association of Scientists 1, no. 27(54) (May 14, 2020): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/nas.2413-5291.2020.1.54.186.

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The present publication illuminate the tasks as follows: Electronic indicator proper usage at four–stroke internal combustion engines (diesel engines) indication; Indication results & diagram proper transfer to PC; indicator diagram top dead center TDC correction and engine performance data output values such as PMI–mean indicated pressure, PME–mean effective pressure, NIND–indicated power and NEFF–effective power proper calculations for each cylinder and engine total.

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39

Thirumal valavan, S., P. Malliga, P. Arulraj, and G. Udayakumar. "Emission characteristics of single cylinder 4 stroke SI engine using cobalt scrubber." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 27, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-06-2015-0116.

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Purpose – Automobiles have always been a major cause of air pollution. The vehicular emission contains several harmful pollutants that affect the surroundings and living beings. Mild CO exposure leads to headaches or unconsciousness. CO is also responsible for the global warming as well. CO is mainly generated in the IC engine due to incomplete combustion of the fuel. The purpose of this paper is to implement a CO absorption mechanism inside the exhaust pipe of vehicle. Design/methodology/approach – In this research work the single cylinder four stroke spark-ignition engine is intended to run on petroleum and petroleum blended fuels. A new post-combustion emission control device called cobalt scrubber is employed to reduce the emission of CO during idling which absorb and later release it under transient conditions. Findings – The emission of CO when the engine runs at petroleum is reduced from 6.24 to 3.02 per cent. Methanol 40 per cent+petrol 60 per cent gives a better emission result of 0.98 per cent of CO emission. So, the authors can implement the cobalt scrubber in automobiles to avoid CO emission during idling. Practical implications – The scrubber clearly overcomes the drawbacks of the existing control techniques. The cobalt scrubber is a cheap, non-radioactive. It can be employed in any kind of vehicle irrespective of its engine. Originality/value – The use of the scrubber design presented in this article, effectively reduces the emission of CO.

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Santhanakrishnan, S., and S. Jose. "Performance and Emission Evaluation of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Cashew Nut Shell Oil Blends." Advanced Materials Research 984-985 (July 2014): 893–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.984-985.893.

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This paper presents the properties and application of cashew nut shell oil as blend component for diesel in compression ignition engine. Experimental tests were carried out in a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection, compression ignition engine fueled with cashew nut shell oil blends. During the experiments, the performance and emission characteristics of the diesel engine was analyzed and compared with the neat diesel fuel performance.

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Parker, J. K., S. R. Bell, and D. M. Davis. "An Opposed-Piston Diesel Engine." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 734–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906767.

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Typical conventional diesel engine designs are based on arrangements of single piston and cylinder sets placed sequentially either in-line or offset (“V”) along the crankshaft. The development of other engines, such as the opposed piston type, has been motivated by potential advantages seen in such designs, which may not be viable in conventional in-line or V engine arrangements. Several alternatives to conventional engine design have been investigated in the past and some aspects of these designs have been utilized by engine manufacturers. The design and development of a proof-of-concept opposed piston diesel engine is summarized in this paper. An overview of opposed-piston engines is presented from early developments to current designs. The engine developed in this work is a two stroke and uses four pistons, which move in two parallel cylinders that straddle a single crankshaft. A prechamber equipped with a single fuel injector connects the two cylinders, forming a single combustion chamber. The methodology of the engine development process is discussed along with details of component design. Experimental evaluations of the assembled proof-of-concept engine were used for determining feasibility of the design concept. An electric dynamometer was used to motor the engine and for loading purposes. The dynamometer is instrumented for monitoring both speed and torque. Engine parameters measured include air flow rate, fuel consumption rate, inlet air and exhaust temperatures, and instantaneous cylinder gas pressure as a function of crank position. The results of several testing runs are presented and discussed.

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Köten, Hasan, Yasin Karagöz, and Özgün Balcı. "Effect of different levels of ethanol addition on performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of a gasoline engine." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 7 (July 2020): 168781402094335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814020943356.

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In this study, a four-stroke, naturally aspirated, single-cylinder, spark ignition engine was operated with neat gasoline fuel. In-cylinder pressure, performance, and emission values were obtained at full load and 2400-r/min constant engine speed. Using these values, a single-dimensional theoretical model was calibrated. A Kistler spark plug–type pressure sensor was used to obtain in-cylinder pressure. After validation of this single-dimensional theoretical model obtained by the help of a commercial engine analysis software (AVL-Boost), different levels of ethanol addition (2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) into gasoline were analyzed and compared with neat gasoline fueled conditions. According to obtained results, NO x emissions increased with incremental amount of ethanol. The CO and total hydrocarbons emissions decreased; however, they can be controlled using after-treatment systems such as three-way catalyst.

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Kenny, R. G. "Developments in Two-Stroke Cycle Engine Exhaust Emissions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 206, no. 2 (April 1992): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_165_02.

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This paper is concerned with the exhaust emissions from two-stroke cycle spark ignition engines and the means being investigated to reduce them. The simple two-stroke engine has inherently low levels of NOx emissions and high levels of hydrocarbon emissions. The reasons for these emissions characteristics are explained by reference to the open literature. The two-stroke engine is used in a wide range of applications including low-cost, low-output mopeds and high-performance motorcycles. More recently there has been a resurgence of interest in the two-stroke as an alternative to the four-stroke engine for automotive use. A number of the recently reported approaches to emissions control are reviewed, including the use of exhaust oxidation catalysts in simple low-cost engines and direct fuel injection on more costly, multi-cylinder engines.

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Parman, Setyamartana, Bambang Ari-Wahjoedi, and Abdul Jalil Ismail. "Finite Element Analysis of a Four-Cylinder Four Stroke Gasoline Engine Crankshaft." MATEC Web of Conferences 13 (2014): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20141304004.

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Wang, Yang, Wuqiang Long, Jingchen Cui, Xin Wang, Hua Tian, and Xiangyu Meng. "Research on two-stroke compression release braking performance of a variable mode valve actuation system." International Journal of Engine Research 21, no. 9 (December 24, 2019): 1696–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468087419894449.

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In order to enhance the braking safety and improve the fuel economy and emission of heavy-duty engines, a variable mode valve actuation system which can switch operation modes flexibly among four-stroke driving, two-stroke compression release braking, and cylinder deactivation modes on a four-stroke engine was developed in this article. The switching was controlled by the four-stroke driving module and the two-stroke braking module, both of which have two states: effective state and failure state. Besides, a full-cycle numerical model of a six-cylinder turbocharged engine was established for the performance analysis of two-stroke compression release braking mode. The orthogonal design method was introduced in the present study to obtain the optimum valve parameters which can result in high braking power and maintain the maximum cylinder pressure at a lower level at the same time. Then, the two-stroke compression release brake braking power with the optimum valve parameters was compared with four-stroke compression release braking power. Meanwhile, the two-stroke braking cam profile of the variable mode valve actuation system was designed according to the optimum valve parameters, and the two-stroke braking performance with the dynamic valve lift of the variable mode valve actuation system was validated by the numerical model including the hydraulic system. The results indicated that a higher engine speed leads to higher braking power at the same valve lift. Besides, two-stroke compression release brake braking power of the variable mode valve actuation system achieved 525.3 kW at 2600 r/min and 358.1 kW at 1900 r/min, 52.9% and 71.3% higher than four-stroke compression release braking power, respectively. Although the two-stroke compression release brake braking power with dynamic valve lift is slightly less than that with the optimum valve parameters, it is still much higher than that of the four-stroke compression release braking power. Therefore, it has a good application prospect for heavy-duty engines.

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,Pushpendra Kumar Jain2, Roshan Kumar Nirala. "Heat Transfer Rate Enhancement of an Air Cooled Four Stroke SI Engine by Geometrically Modified Fins-A Review." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 4, no. 5 (May 26, 2018): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v4i5.142.

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The engine cylinder is one of the major I C engine components, which is subjected to high temperature variations and thermal stresses. To cool the cylinder, fins are provided on the surface of the cylinder to increase the rate of heat transfer. By doing thermal analysis on the engine cylinder fins, it is helpful to know the heat dissipation inside the cylinder. The main aim of the paper is to increase the heat dissipation rate by using the invisible working fluid of air. It is observed that, by increasing the surface area the heat dissipation rate increases, further the main purpose of using these cooling fins is to cool the engine cylinder by air. This paper presents a review to increase heat transfer rate in a four stroke S I engine by using geometrically modified fins

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Gao, Shian, Peter Blunt, and Robert Simpson. "Computational Analysis of Flow Dynamics in a Four-Stroke Internal Combustion Engine." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 1163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.1163.

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This paper presents a predictive investigation using CFD techniques focusing on the tradeoff between steady-state airflow considerations and unsteady transient pressure wave tuning of a single cylinder IC engine. An axisymmetric CFD model has been developed to initially examine the steady-state flow characteristics generated by different inlet entry radii. This has then been further developed to incorporate the unsteady, transient pressure wave effects caused by the motion of inlet valve and piston. Detailed simulation results, which are validated against experimental data provided by Group Lotus plc, are reported here and quantitative conclusions are drawn for maximising airflow in future inlet manifold design.

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., Rajesh Bisane. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION & CFD ANALYSIS OF AN SINGLE CYLINDER FOUR STROKE C.I. ENGINE EXHAUST SYSTEM." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 06 (June 25, 2014): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0306009.

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M Patel, Piyush. "Effect of magnetic field on performance and emission of single cylinder four stroke diesel engine." IOSR Journal of Engineering 4, no. 5 (May 2014): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-04552834.

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B. Morabiya, Divyesh, Amit B. Solanki, Rahul L.Patel, and B. N. Parejiya. "Stress Analysis, Design Formulation and Optimization of Crankpin of Single Cylinder Four Stroke Petrol Engine." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 18, no. 7 (December 25, 2014): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v18p263.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Single-cylinder four stroke engine'

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