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Books on the topic 'Single spin'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Girl in a spin. Dublin: Hatchette Books Ireland, 2010.

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2

Morello, Andrea. Quantum spin dynamics in single-molecule magnets. [S.l: s.n.], 2004.

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3

Murphy, Clodagh. Girl in a spin. Dublin: Hatchette Books Ireland, 2010.

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4

Stough, H. Paul. Flight investigation of stall, spin, and recovery characteristics of a low-wing, single-engine, T-tail light airplane. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1985.

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5

Life-span extension: Single-cell organisms to man. Dordrecht: Humana Press, 2009.

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6

Way, J. A. Integral steel bridges: Design of a single-span bridge - worked example. Ascot: Steel Construction Institute, 1997.

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7

Burley, James R. Effects of tail span and empennage arrangement on drag of a typical single-engine fighter aft end. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1986.

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8

Burley, James R. Effects of tail span and empennage arrangement on drag of a typical single-engine fighter aft end. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1986.

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9

Pukas, S. R. On plane strain mode 1 stress intensity factors for a single edge notch beam specimen of span/width ratio 4 under three point loading. Glasgow: National Engineering Laboratory, 1985.

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10

Pukas, S. R. On plane strain mode 1 stress intensity factors for a single edge notch beam specimen of span/width ratio 4 under three point loading. East Kilbridge: National Engineering Laboratory, 1985.

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11

Leonardi, Laura, ed. Flessicurezza/Flexiseguridad. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-097-6.

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The strategy of flexicurity was adopted as a model by the European Union and proposed to all the Member States as a solution for addressing the challenges connected with the competitiveness and instability of the markets, with a view to enhancing employment levels and maintaining social cohesion. The various contributions in this book analyse the concept of flexicurity and its effective feasibility in different institutional contexts, in particular Italy and Spain and – at regional level – in Tuscany and Catalonia. The consequence of the variety of employment and social security models is that the meanings and manifestations of flexicurity are highly divergent, even in cases as analogous as Spain and Italy, since the different contexts generate significant differences. The overall analysis demonstrates that the forms of regulation and organisation of the social institutions, and their complementary nature, have a major impact on the relations between forms of flexibility and security, and do not always give rise to the virtuous process of flexicurity.
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12

Orwell, George. Facing unpleasant facts: Narrative essays. Orlando: Harcourt, 2008.

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13

Orwell, George. Facing unpleasant facts: Narrative essays. Boston: Mariner Books, 2009.

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14

Orwell, George. Facing unpleasant facts: Narrative essays. Boston: Mariner Books, 2009.

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15

Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy And a Single-spin Measurement. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2006.

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16

Girl in a Spin Clodagh Murphy. Hachette Books Ireland, 2011.

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17

Thiele, Stefan. Read-Out and Coherent Manipulation of an Isolated Nuclear Spin: Using a Single-Molecule Magnet Spin-Transistor. Springer, 2015.

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18

Thiele, Stefan. Read-Out and Coherent Manipulation of an Isolated Nuclear Spin: Using a Single-Molecule Magnet Spin-Transistor. Springer, 2019.

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19

Wernsdorfer, W. Molecular nanomagnets. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533060.013.4.

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This article describes the quantum phenomena observed in molecular nanomagnets. Molecular nanomagnets, or single-molecule magnets (SMMs), provides a fundamental link between spintronics and molecular electronics. SMMs combine the classic macroscale properties of a magnet with the quantum properties of a nanoscale entity. The resulting field, molecular spintronics, aims at manipulating spins and charges in electronic devices containing one or more molecules. This article first considers molecular nanomagnets and the giant spin model for nanomagnets before discussing the quantum dynamics of a dimer of nanomagnets, resonant photon absorption in Cr7Ni antiferromagnetic rings, and photon-assisted tunnelling in a single-molecule magnet. It also examines environmental decoherence effects in nanomagnets and concludes by highlighting the new trends towards molecular spintronics using junctions and nano-SQUIDs.
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20

J, DiCarlo Daniel, Patton James M. Jr, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Office., eds. Flight investigation of the effects of an outboard wing-leading-edge modification on stall/spin characteristics of a low-wing, single-engine, T-tail light airplane. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Office, 1987.

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21

J, DiCarlo Daniel, Patton James M. Jr, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Office., eds. Flight investigation of the effects of an outboard wing-leading-edge modification on stall/spin characteristics of a low-wing, single-engine, T-tail light airplane. [Washington, D.C.]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Office, 1987.

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22

Launay, Jean-Pierre, and Michel Verdaguer. The localized electron: magnetic properties. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814597.003.0002.

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After preliminaries about electron properties, and definitions in magnetism, one treats the magnetism of mononuclear complexes, in particular spin cross-over, showing the role of cooperativity and the sensitivity to external perturbations. Orbital interactions and exchange interaction are explained in binuclear model systems, using orbital overlap and orthogonality concepts to explain antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic coupling. The phenomenologically useful Spin Hamiltonian is defined. The concepts are then applied to extended molecular magnetic systems, leading to molecular magnetic materials of various dimensionalities exhibiting bulk ferro- or ferrimagnetism. An illustration is provided by Prussian Blue analogues. Magnetic anisotropy is introduced. It is shown that in some cases, a slow relaxation of magnetization arises and gives rise to appealing single-ion magnets, single-molecule magnets or single-chain magnets, a route to store information at the molecular level.
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23

Levin, Frank S. Entanglement and the Elements of Reality. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808275.003.0015.

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Chapter 14 examines entangled quantum systems, hidden variable theories and Bell’s inequality. In 1935, Einstein and collaborators, postulating the existence of elements of reality, analyzed an entangled system and concluded that quantum theory was incomplete. Their analysis is described using spin singlets, which are entangled states of two spin ½ particles. A possible avoidance of their conclusion is by using hidden variable theories. In analyzing a class of local hidden variable theories, John Bell derived an equality that could test them. This was done by experiments using entangled photons; their results violated the inequality, thereby establishing that quantum mechanics, not local hidden variable theories, is the correct description. Later theoretical analysis, and relevant experimental results, strongly supported this. A further theoretical analysis, involving just a single measurement, led to a pronounced conclusion: farewell to the elements of reality. Ditto as well to the spooky-action-at-a-distance problem that had so bothered Einstein.
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24

Kimura, T., and Y. Otani. Magnetization switching due to nonlocal spin injection. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0021.

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This chapter discusses and presents a schematic illustration of nonlocal spin injection. In this case, the spin-polarized electrons are injected from the ferromagnet and are extracted from the left-hand side of the nonmagnet. This results in the accumulation of nonequilibrium spins in the vicinity of the F/N junctions. Since the electrochemical potential on the left-hand side is lower than that underneath the F/N junction, the electron flows by the electric field. On the right-hand side, although there is no electric field, the diffusion process from the nonequilibrium into the equilibrium state induces the motion of the electrons. Since the excess up-spin electrons exist underneath the F/N junction, the up-spin electrons diffuse into the right-hand side. On the other hand, the deficiency of the down-spin electrons induces the incoming flow of the down-spin electrons opposite to the motion of the up-spin electron.
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25

Commission, European, ed. Spain: Single programming document, 1994-99. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1997.

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26

Nitta, J. Spin generation and manipulation based on spin-orbit interaction in semiconductors. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0013.

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This chapter focuses on the electron spin degree of freedom in semiconductor spintronics. In particular, the electrostatic control of the spin degree of freedom is an advantageous technology over metal-based spintronics. Spin–orbit interaction (SOI), which gives rise to an effective magnetic field. The essence of SOI is that the moving electrons in an electric field feel an effective magnetic field even without any external magnetic field. Rashba spin–orbit interaction is important since the strength is controlled by the gate voltage on top of the semiconductor’s two-dimensional electron gas. By utilizing the effective magnetic field induced by the SOI, spin generation and manipulation are possible by electrostatic ways. The origin of spin-orbit interactions in semiconductors and the electrical generation and manipulation of spins by electrical means are discussed. Long spin coherence is achieved by special spin helix state where both strengths of Rashba and Dresselhaus SOI are equal.
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27

Salter, P. Design of Single-Span Steel Portal Frames. Steel Construction Institute,The, 1999.

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28

Life-Span Extension: Single-Cell Organisms to Man. Humana, 2012.

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29

Mørup, Steen, Cathrine Frandsen, and Mikkel F. Hansen. Magnetic properties of nanoparticles. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533053.013.20.

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This article discusses the magnetic properties of nanoparticles. It first considers magnetic domains and the critical size for single-domain behavior of magnetic nanoparticles before providing an overview of magnetic anisotropy in nanoparticles. It then examines magnetic dynamics in nanoparticles, with particular emphasis on superparamagnetic relaxation and the use of Mössbauer spectroscopy, dc magnetization measurements, and ac susceptibility measurements for studies of superparamagnetic relaxation. It also describes magnetic dynamics below the blocking temperature, magnetic interactions between nanoparticles, and fluctuations of the magnetization directions. Finally, it analyzes the magnetic structure of nanoparticles, focusing on magnetic phase transitions and surface effects, non-collinear spin structures, and magnetic moments of antiferromagnetic nanoparticles.
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30

Hargreaves, Ian. 6. Hacks vs flaks: journalism and public relations. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199686872.003.0007.

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Journalists often get a bad press, being portrayed as crusaders, single-minded, and determined above all else to get the information they desire. ‘Hacks vs flaks: journalism and public relations’ considers the motivations of journalists, their public image, and asks in whose interest the journalist works: for the interest of an employer or for a wider ‘public good’? The answer may be both, but in the event of a clash, which interest takes priority? The roles of public relations practitioners, intermediaries, and spin doctors are discussed. Traditional public relations techniques of media management are no longer effective in a world of resource-depleted mainstream journalism and uncontrollable social media.
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31

Maekawa, Sadamichi, Sergio O. Valenzuela, Eiji Saitoh, and Takashi Kimura, eds. Spin Current. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.001.0001.

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Since the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance effect in magnetic multilayers in 1988, a new branch of physics and technology, called spin-electronics or spintronics, has emerged, where the flow of electrical charge as well as the flow of electron spin, the so-called “spin current,” are manipulated and controlled together. The physics of magnetism and the application of spin current have progressed in tandem with the nanofabrication technology of magnets and the engineering of interfaces and thin films. This book aims to provide an introduction and guide to the new physics and applications of spin current, with an emphasis on the interaction between spin and charge currents in magnetic nanostructures.
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32

Launay, Jean-Pierre, and Michel Verdaguer. Electrons in Molecules. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814597.001.0001.

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The book treats in a unified way electronic properties of molecules (magnetic, electrical, photophysical), culminating with the mastering of electrons, i.e. molecular electronics and spintronics and molecular machines. Chapter 1 recalls basic concepts. Chapter 2 describes the magnetic properties due to localized electrons. This includes phenomena such as spin cross-over, exchange interaction from dihydrogen to extended molecular magnetic systems, and magnetic anisotropy with single-molecule magnets. Chapter 3 is devoted to the electrical properties due to moving electrons. One considers first electron transfer in discrete molecular systems, in particular in mixed valence compounds. Then, extended molecular solids, in particular molecular conductors, are described by band theory. Special attention is paid to structural distortions (Peierls instability) and interelectronic repulsions in narrow-band systems. Chapter 4 treats photophysical properties, mainly electron transfer in the excited state and its applications to photodiodes, organic light emitting diodes, photovoltaic cells and water photolysis. Energy transfer is also treated. Photomagnetism (how a photonic excitation modifies magnetic properties) is introduced. Finally, Chapter 5 combines the previous knowledge for three advanced subjects: first molecular electronics in its hybrid form (molecules connected to electrodes acting as wires, diodes, memory elements, field-effect transistors) or in the quantum computation approach. Then, molecular spintronics, using, besides the charge, the spin of the electron. Finally the theme of molecular machines is presented, with the problem of the directionality control of their motion.
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33

Way, J. A., and E. D. Yandzio. Worked Example for Design of a Single Span Integral Bridge. Steel Construction Institute,The, 1997.

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34

Arteaga, Félix. Spain and Portugal. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790501.003.0008.

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This chapter examines divergences and commonalities between Spain’s and Portugal’s defence policies. Both countries share the Iberian Peninsula but they do not constitute a single strategic entity. Their national defence policies show different patterns according to their own history and strategic culture, with no military joint venture so far. Both countries maintain strong defence relationships with the United States and are strengthening their bilateral cooperation at the political and military levels to cope with the new threats and risks emerging on the southern flank of NATO and the EU. Militarily, they are not comparable, because Spain has more expeditionary, industrial, and budgetary capabilities than Portugal. Both countries have developed national security strategies since 2001 to adjust their military capabilities and force structures to the new strategic environment despite their unfavourable economic situation.
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35

Takahashi, S., and S. Maekawa. Spin Hall Effect. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0012.

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This chapter discusses the spin Hall effect that occurs during spin injection from a ferromagnet to a nonmagnetic conductor in nanostructured devices. This provides a new opportunity for investigating AHE in nonmagnetic conductors. In ferromagnetic materials, the electrical current is carried by up-spin and downspin electrons, with the flow of up-spin electrons being slightly deflected in a transverse direction while that of down-spin electrons being deflected in the opposite direction; this results in an electron flow in the direction perpendicular to both the applied electric field and the magnetization directions. Since up-spin and downspin electrons are strongly imbalanced in ferromagnets, both spin and charge currents are generated in the transverse direction by AHE, the latter of which are observed as the electrical Hall voltage.
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36

Uchida, K., R. Ramos, and E. Saitoh. Spin Seebeck effect. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0018.

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Chapter 18 This chapter discusses the spin Seebeck effect (SSE), which stands for the generation of a spin current, a flow of spinangular momentum, as a result of a temperature gradient in magnetic materials. In spintronics and spin caloritronics, the SSE is of crucial importance because it enables simple and versatile generation of a spin current from heat. Since the SSE is driven by thermally excited magnon dynaimcs, the thermal spin current can be generated not only from ferromagnetic conductors but also from insulators. Therefore, the SSE is applicable to “insulator-based thermoelectric conversion” which was impossible if only conventional thermoelectric technologies were used. In this chapter, after introducing basic characteristics and mechanisms of the SSE, important experimental progresses, such as the high-magnetic-field response of the SSE and the enhancement of the SSE in multilayer systems, are reviewed.
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37

Hughes, Sean. A Colour Atlas of Anterior Cervical Spine Fusion (Single Surgical Procedures). Mosby International, 1985.

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38

Cavalcanti, Carlos. Estimating The Fiscal Costs Of Implementing Ghana's Single Pay Spine Reform. The World Bank, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-5150.

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39

Takanashi, K., and Y. Sakuraba. Spin polarization in magnets. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0005.

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This chapter explains how the exchange splitting between up- and down-spin bands in ferromagnets unexceptionally generates spin-polarized electronic states at the Fermi energy. The quantity of spin polarization P in ferromagnets is one of the important parameters for application in spintronics, since a ferromagnet having a higher P is able to generate larger various spin-dependent effects such as the magnetoresistance effect, spin transfer torque, spin accumulation, and so on. However, the spin polarizations of general 3d transition metals or alloys generally limit the size of spin-dependent effects. Thus,“‘half-metals” attract much interest as an ideal source of spin current and spin-dependent scattering because they possess perfectly spin-polarized conduction electrons due to the energy band gap in either the up- or down-spin channel at the Fermi level.
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40

Pirota, Kleber Roberto, Angela Knobel, Manuel Hernandez-Velez, Kornelius Nielsch, and Manuel Vázquez. Magnetic nanowires: Fabrication and characterization. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533053.013.22.

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This article describes the fabrication and characterization of magnetic nanowires, focusing on the magnetic properties of patterned arrays of metallic magnetic nanowires electrodeposited into the pores of anodized-alumina membranes. It also discusses the complex magnetization processes, both in isolated nanowires and in collectively patterned arrays. After providing an overview of the state-of-the-art on fabrication techniques of nanowires, the article considers the microstructure of magnetic nanowires and the magnetic properties of single nanowires. It then examines the collective behavior of arrays where the interactions among the magnetic entities play an important role, along with the transport properties of magnetic nanowires, the temperature-dependent effects (such as magnetoelastic-induced anisotropy), and the dynamic properties of magnetization such as ferromagnetic resonance characteristics and spin-wave excitations in ferromagnetic nanowires. Finally, it presents an overview of future research directions.
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41

Tiwari, Sandip. Phenomena and devices at the quantum scale and the mesoscale. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759874.003.0003.

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Unique nanoscale phenomena arise in quantum and mesoscale properties and there are additional intriguing twists from effects that are classical in origin. In this chapter, these are brought forth through an exploration of quantum computation with the important notions of superposition, entanglement, non-locality, cryptography and secure communication. The quantum mesoscale and implications of nonlocality of potential are discussed through Aharonov-Bohm effect, the quantum Hall effect in its various forms including spin, and these are unified through a topological discussion. Single electron effect as a classical phenomenon with Coulomb blockade including in multiple dot systems where charge stability diagrams may be drawn as phase diagram is discussed, and is also extended to explore the even-odd and Kondo consequences for quantum-dot transport. This brings up the self-energy discussion important to nanoscale device understanding.
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42

Nondestructive assessment of single-span timber bridges using a vibration-based method. Madison, WI: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, in cooperation with the United States Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 2005.

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43

Thakur, Siddarth, and Salahadin Abdi. Cervical Spine. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190626761.003.0007.

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Pain emanating from the cervical spine represents a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for clinicians. The precise etiology of the pain may be difficult to identify because there are many potential pain-generating structures in the cervical spine and surrounding region. It is helpful to delineate the patient’s symptoms as axial- or radicular-predominant in order to guide the investigation prior to initiating treatment. The evidence for many commonly used treatment regimens is variable, and therefore an individualized plan is often necessary. Although it is conceptually accommodating to compartmentalize the etiology of cervical spine pain from a single source, the reality is that multiple structures are often involved, given the complex anatomy of the cervical spine. This chapter discusses cervical spine anatomy and biomechanics, as well as the etiology, pathophysiology, and management options for axial and radicular neck pain.
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44

Eriksson, Olle, Anders Bergman, Lars Bergqvist, and Johan Hellsvik. Spin Dynamics at Finite Temperature. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788669.003.0005.

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In Chapter 4 we presented a microscopic mechanism behind the LL equation and its connection to ab-initio results, such as that provided by density functional theory. All the analysis of Chapter 4 was done by considering a temperature T=0 K. Since most magnetic phenomena of interest are observed at finite temperature, it is important to generalize the analysis presented above to incorporate effects of finite temperature. In the discussion of Eqn. 4.1 it was mentioned briefly that finite temperature effects are incorporated in the stochastic field. Details of the coupling between temperature and the stochastic field, is the main topic of this chapter.
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45

Dinnick, Richard, Scott Harrison, Stephen Gallagher, Alison Littlewood, and Simon Bestwick. Twisted Histories: A Selection of 11 Spine-Tingling Tales. Snowbooks Limited, 2013.

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46

Saitoh, E. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787075.003.0001.

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This chapter is an introduction to the concept of spin current, the detailed formulation of which is not simple by any means and is still a challenging undertaking. However, it is a useful and versatile concept that has given birth to a number of phenomena in condensed matter science and spintronics. There exist certain types of flow, carried by electrons, in condensed matter. This flow of electron charge or electric current has been developed and is now a vital contributor to how electronics is understood today. Since an electron carries both charge and spin, the existence of an electric current naturally implies the existence of a flow of spin. This flow is called a spin current.
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47

Seismic design of bridges, design example no. 3: Single span AASHTO precast girder bridge. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1996.

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48

United States. Federal Highway Administration., ed. Seismic design of bridges, design example no. 3: Single span AASHTO precast girder bridge. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, 1996.

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49

Cervera, Ignacio Campoy. Spain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786627.003.0013.

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The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) became part of the Spanish legal system on 3 May 2008, being placed at the highest normative level. Accordingly, since then the CRPD has been directly applicable by different Spanish courts, which have to interpret fundamental rights in line with CRPD. Nevertheless, the application of CRPD by different Spanish courts has not followed a smooth path. This chapter examines how the CRPD has been used by different Spanish courts, from the lower courts to the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court, focusing on the rights that have been most frequently referred to the courts: the rights to equality and non-discrimination; equal treatment as a person before the law; access to justice; personal liberty; honour, reputation and privacy; to education; an adequate standard of living; and participation in political and public life.
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50

Haunted Cemeteries: Creepy Crypts, Spine-Tingling Spirits, And Midnight Mayhem. Globe Pequot Press, 2010.

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