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Journal articles on the topic 'Single Stage Sampling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 September 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Boistard, Hélène, Hendrik P. Lopuhaä, and Anne Ruiz-Gazen. "Functional central limit theorems for single-stage sampling designs." Annals of Statistics 45, no. 4 (2017): 1728–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/16-aos1507.

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2

Overall, John E., and Robert S. Atlas. "Comparison of a Two-Stage and Three-Stage Interim-Analysis Procedure." Psychological Reports 71, no. 1 (1992): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.1.3.

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A statistical model for combining p values from multiple tests of significance is used to define rejection and acceptance regions for two-stage and three-stage sampling plans. Type I error rates, power, frequencies of early termination decisions, and expected sample sizes are compared. Both the two-stage and three-stage procedures provide appropriate protection against Type I errors. The two-stage sampling plan with its single interim analysis entails minimal loss in power and provides substantial reduction in expected sample size as compared with a conventional single end-of-study test of sig

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Qian, Hanxiang, Peng Wu, Bei Sun, and Shaojing Su. "AGS-SSD: Attention-Guided Sampling for 3D Single-Stage Detector." Electronics 11, no. 14 (2022): 2268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11142268.

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3D object detection based on LiDAR point cloud has always been challenging. Existing point cloud downsampling approaches often use heuristic algorithms such as farthest point sampling (FPS) to extract the features from a massive raw point cloud. However, FPS has disadvantages such as low operating efficiency and inability to sample key areas. This paper presents an attention-guided downsampling method for point-cloud-based 3D object detection, named AGS-SSD. The method contains two modules: PEA (point external attention) and A-FPS (attention-guided FPS). PEA explores the correlation between th

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JONES, WILLIAM, KATHY MORRING, PHILIP MOREY, and WILLIAM SORENSON. "Evaluation of the Andersen Viable Impactor for Single Stage Sampling." American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 46, no. 5 (1985): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298668591394833.

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Hoogduin, Lucas A., Thomas W. Hall, and Jeffrey J. Tsay. "Modified Sieve Sampling: A Method for Single- and Multi-Stage Probability- Proportional-to-Size Sampling." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 29, no. 1 (2010): 125–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2010.29.1.125.

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SUMMARY: Widely used probability-proportional-to-size (PPS) selection methods are not well adapted to circumstances requiring sample augmentation. Limitations include: (1) an inability to augment selections while maintaining PPS properties, (2) a failure to recognize changes in census stratum membership which result from sample augmentation, and (3) imprecise control over line item sample size. This paper presents a new method of PPS selection, a modified version of sieve sampling which overcomes these limitations. Simulations indicate the new method effectively maintains sampling stratum PPS

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Wen, Miin-Jye, Li-Ching Huang, and Junjiang Zhong. "Single-stage sampling procedure of the t best populations under heteroscedasticity." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 46, no. 18 (2017): 9265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2016.1206935.

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Ghorbani, Hamid. "Carrying out single-stage probability sampling designs using functions in R software." Biometrics & Biostatistics International Journal 11, no. 1 (2022): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/bbij.2022.11.00349.

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The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how to implement some single-stage sampling designs as well as design-based estimation of finite population parameters and their variance using available R packages. A simulated data set has been used to show how the codes work.

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Chen, Demin, Wei Long, Yanyan Li, and Rui Zhang. "Study on Change Rules of Factors Affecting Gas Loss during Coalbed Air Reverse Circulation Sampling." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (April 20, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5550726.

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The gas loss in sampling is the root of coalbed gas content measurement error. The pressure and particle size have a significant impact on the gas loss. Using the self-developed coal particle pneumatic pipeline transportation experimental system, this study investigated the pressure and particle size changes in the sampling pipeline. It is found that the sampling process can be divided into four stages: no flow field stage, sample outburst stage, stable conveying stage, and tail purging stage. The extreme pressure in the sampling pipeline appears at the sample outburst stage; and the pressure

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Thunyasirinon, Chuleewan, Pipat Sribenjalux, and Paradee Chuaybamroong. "Comparison of a Six-Stage and a Single Stage Viable Andersen Impactor (N6) for Airborne Microbe Sampling." Khon Kaen University Journal (Graduate Studies) 07, no. 3 (2007): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5481/kkujgs.2007.07.3.11.

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10

Temesgen, H. "Evaluation of sampling alternatives to quantify tree leaf area." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33, no. 1 (2003): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-159.

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High within- and among-tree crown variation have contributed to the difficulty of tree-crown sampling and single-tree leaf area (area available for photosynthesis) estimation. Using reconstructed trees, simulations were used to compare five sampling designs for bias, mean square error (MSE), and distribution of the estimates. All sampling designs showed nearly zero bias. For most sample trees, stratified random sampling resulted in the lowest MSE values, followed by ellipsoidal, two-stage systematic, simple random, and then by two-stage unequal probability sampling. The poor performance of two

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Arul, S. Deva, and K. Rebecca Jebaseeli Edna. "Mixed Sampling Product Control for Costly or Destructive Items." Journal of Mathematical Sciences & Computer Applications 1, no. 3 (2017): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5147/jmsca.v1i3.95.

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This paper presents the derivation of operating characteristics function and associated measures of performance of mixed sampling Plans for costly or destructive items. The first stage is concerned with single sample variable inspection and in the second stage modified Chain Sampling inspection is recommended. If the first stage inspection of mixed plans does not lead to acceptance of the batch or lot then the second stage becomes more important. In the second stage of mixed plans, it is advisable to have small sample size for costly or destructive items. Therefore, in the second stage, the mo

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Valliant, Richard. "Some Prediction Properties of Balanced Half-Sample Variance Estimators in Single-Stage Sampling." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological) 49, no. 1 (1987): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2517-6161.1987.tb01427.x.

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13

Wang, Baotong, Chenxing Xia, Xiuju Gao, et al. "Instance-aware sampling and voxel-transformer encoding for single-stage 3D object detection." Digital Signal Processing 162 (July 2025): 105171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2025.105171.

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Valentine, H. T., J. H. Gove, and T. G. Gregoire. "Monte Carlo approaches to sampling forested tracts with lines or points." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, no. 8 (2001): 1410–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-080.

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Several line- and point-based sampling methods can be employed to estimate the aggregate dimensions of trees standing on a forested tract or pieces of coarse woody debris lying on the forest floor. Line methods include line intersect sampling, horizontal line sampling, and transect relascope sampling; point methods include variable- and fixed-radius plot sampling, and point relascope sampling. We demonstrate that the line methods can be interpreted as applications of importance sampling and that point methods can be interpreted as two-stage applications of importance sampling and crude Monte C

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Fatima, Zehra Khan, Arsalan Ali Mir, Ur Rehman Shafiq, Mustafa Ali Shah Syed, Nisar Maheen, and Jawed Abubaker Zohaib. "Comparison of single-stage and two-stage ERCP Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy." International Journal of Endorsing Health Science Research 8, no. 2 (2020): 75–80. https://doi.org/10.29052/JEHSR.v8.i2.2020.75-80.

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Abstract <strong>Background:</strong> Gallbladder surgeries are among the commonest major abdominal operations and to continuously improve the procedure many variants have developed that need evidence-based comparison in terms of frequency common bile duct (CBD) clearance, the mean operative time and hospital stay, and rate of adverse outcomes (post-operative pancreatitis). Through this study, we aimed to compare the surgical outcome of single-stage Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP) with LC in comparison to two-stage ERCP. <strong>Methodology:</strong> This prosp

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Hossan, Dalowar, Zuraina Dato’ Mansor, and Nor Siah Jaharuddin. "Research Population and Sampling in Quantitative Study." International Journal of Business and Technopreneurship (IJBT) 13, no. 3 (2023): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.58915/ijbt.v13i3.263.

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The study underscores the paramount importance of meticulous population selection and sampling strategy in research design. Providing researchers with a comprehensive overview of population considerations and sampling methods, it offers a valuable resource for enhancing the robustness and applicability of research outcomes across diverse disciplines. Researchers discuss the unit of analysis, unit of observation, population of interest, target population, sampling framework, and sampling methods in light of employee work engagement in Malaysia. Simple random sampling, stratified random sampling

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Pekhale, Parikshit, Martin Raglan, and Sunil Dhar. "SINGLE-STAGE REVISION TOTAL ANKLE ARTHROPLASTY: IS IT SAFE?" Orthopaedic Proceedings 107-B, SUPP_1 (2025): 3. https://doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2025.1.003.

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BackgroundThe number of total ankle replacements (TAR) is increasing each year and with that an associated rise in the burden of revision ankle arthroplasty (RAA). The preferred option in our center, following network discussion, is to convert the failing TAR to a RAA. There is uncertainty whether this is best done in a single staged approach or two stages.The aim of this review was to assess the safety of single to two staged approaches in RAAMethodA review was carried out of the prospectively collected data of all RAA performed in our center between Nov 2016 and Jan 2024. We reviewed; preope

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18

Nicoletti, João V. M., Marcello R. A. Franchi, Anamari V. de A. Motomiya, Wagner R. Motomiya, and José P. Molin. "Efficiency and quality of soil sampling according to a sampling tool." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 27, no. 6 (2023): 480–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n6p480-486.

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ABSTRACT Soil sampling is a fundamental stage for recommending agricultural correctives and fertilizers, estimating the nutritional demands of plants, and consequently maximizing productivity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the performance of three soil samplers in different management systems in terms of sample quality and operational efficiency. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a factorial scheme. Three samplers and two sampling depths (3 × 2) were used with four replicates. At each sampling location, eight single samples were taken at a varying sampling depth o

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19

Gallagher, Michael, and A. R. Unwin. "Electoral Distortion under STV Random Sampling Procedures." British Journal of Political Science 16, no. 2 (1986): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400003902.

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This Note will discuss the impact of random sampling at elections conducted under the single transferable vote (STV) electoral system in multi-member constituencies in the Republic of Ireland. STV, partly because of its popularity among electoral reformers, has received considerable theoretical scrutiny. It has been given an ‘intermediate’ rating in recent assessment of a number of electoral systems, and dismissed as a ‘perverse social choice function’ because it is subject to non-monotonicity. This shortcoming is also mainly responsible for the low degree of acceptance accorded to it by Brams

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20

Nelson, Ross, and Timothy G. Gregoire. "Two-Stage Forest Sampling: A Comparison of Three Procedures to Estimate Aggregate Volume." Forest Science 40, no. 2 (1994): 247–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/40.2.247.

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Abstract Three two-stage forest sampling procedures are examined in order (1) to quantify the variance penalty (if any) associated with second-stage sample restrictions; and (2) to quantify the variance gains (if any) associated with the incorporation of tree height data at the second stage. The three two-stage procedures share a common first stage, i.e., horizontal point sampling (HPS), which selects trees with probability proportional to tree basal area. The second stage selection approaches vary, as follows: 1. Trees are selected with replacement with probability proportional to tree height

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21

Luca, Stijn, Johan Vandercappellen, and Johan Claes. "A web-based tool to design and analyze single- and double-stage acceptance sampling plans." Quality Engineering 32, no. 1 (2019): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08982112.2019.1641207.

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22

Davies, Rhian Siân, Christian Smith, Gwenllian Edwards, Rachel Butler, Diane Parry, and Jason Francis Lester. "Impact of Cytological Sampling on EGFR Mutation Testing in Stage III-IV Lung Adenocarcinoma." Lung Cancer International 2017 (March 7, 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9614938.

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Objectives. There have been advances in the identification and understanding of molecular subsets of lung cancer, defined by specific oncogenic aberrations. A number of actionable genetic alterations have been identified, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation. We aimed to establish the reasons why patients were not undergoing EGFR mutation testing at the time of histological diagnosis. Methods. The records of 70 patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the lung managed through a single multidisciplinary team at a single institution were reviewed. Data were collected on m

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23

Wang, Shu Qiang, Hui Zhao, and Kang Wu. "DSP-Based Single-Stage Full Bridge Power Factor Correction Technology Research." Advanced Materials Research 546-547 (July 2012): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.546-547.326.

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This paper introduces a power factor correction (PFC) main circuit adopting novel full bridge topology, in which the clamped capacitor limits voltage stress on the switch tube, reduces output voltage ripple, and improves the response velocity; TMS320F2812 series DSP, produced by TI company, is used as the main control device in this system, and the DSP fixes the switch frequency at 20kps. It uses alternate sampling method to avoid the switching noise taken into the system. And then, both the validity of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the control strategy are verified by the

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Huang, I. Ping, and Chiuh Cheng Chyu. "Designing Economic Inspection Sampling Procedure with Bayesian Approach." Advanced Materials Research 711 (June 2013): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.711.683.

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This paper proposes a Bayesian inspection sampling model for single specification limit components with the objective of minimizing the expected total cost. The model assumes that the producer will undertake a two-stage Bayesian inspection process for the purchased lot: (1) determine the optimal sample size, and (2) after learning the sampling information, decide to either inspect all of the remainder or stop inspections. In particular, the paper studies the case where the quality characteristic of the component has a location-shifting exponential distribution with an unknown mean. Using gamma

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LEVY, PAUL S., ELENA S. H. YU, WILLIAM T. LIU, et al. "A variation on single-stage cluster sampling used in a survey of elderly people in Shanghai." International Journal of Epidemiology 17, no. 4 (1988): 931–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/17.4.931-a.

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Perfler, R., and R. Haberl. "Actual Experiences with the Use of Reed Bed Systems for Wastewater Treatment in Single Households." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 10 (1993): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0222.

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Within a longterm project from 1991 to 1996 investigations on the use of constructed wetlands for pollution control in rural areas will be carried out especially regarding the rather strict limiting values for nutrient elimination. The actual discussion is also relevant for very small systems applied to single households. Three reed bed systems - one vertical flow, single stage; one vertical flow double stage (parallel and in-series operation possible); one horizontal flow, double stage - have been constructed in 1991 regarding all the new experiences on optimizing this technology. Some result

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Yeh, Po-Liang, Murat Ozgoren, Hsiao-Ling Chen, et al. "Automatic Wake and Deep-Sleep Stage Classification Based on Wigner–Ville Distribution Using a Single Electroencephalogram Signal." Diagnostics 14, no. 6 (2024): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14060580.

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This research paper outlines a method for automatically classifying wakefulness and deep sleep stage (N3) based on the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) standards. The study employed a single-channel EEG signal, leveraging the Wigner–Ville Distribution (WVD) for time–frequency analysis to determine EEG energy per second in specific frequency bands (δ, θ, α, and entire band). Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was used to optimize thresholds for distinguishing between wakefulness and stage N3. This process aims to mimic a sleep technician’s visual scoring but in an automated fashion, wit

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Choi, Eujeong, Shinyoung Kwag, Jeong-Gon Ha, and Daegi Hahm. "Development of a Two-Stage DQFM to Improve Efficiency of Single- and Multi-Hazard Risk Quantification for Nuclear Facilities." Energies 14, no. 4 (2021): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041017.

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The probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) of a nuclear power plant (NPP) under single and multiple hazards is one of the most important tasks for disaster risk management of nuclear facilities. To date, various approaches—including the direct quantification of the fault tree using the Monte Carlo simulation (DQFM) method—have been employed to quantify single- and multi-hazard risks to nuclear facilities. The major advantage of the DQFM method is its applicability to a partially correlated system. Other methods can represent only an independent or a fully correlated system, but DQFM can quantif

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Hwu, Kuo-Ing, Jenn-Jong Shieh, and Yu-Ping He. "Single-Stage Step-Down Power Factor Corrector without Full-Bridge Rectifier." Applied Sciences 14, no. 8 (2024): 3449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14083449.

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In this paper, a single-stage step-down power factor corrector without a full-bridge rectifier is developed, which is designed to operate in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). In terms of control, the DCM has the advantages of simple control and easy realization, no slope compensation, zero current switching, and no diode reverse current. By sampling the output voltage and using the voltage-follower control to generate the necessary control force to drive the power switch, not only can the output voltage be stabilized at the desired value, but also the input current can be, as much as possib

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Catranis, Catharine M., Susan E. Anagnost, Lianjun Zhang, et al. "A new sub-sampling method for analysis of air samples collected with the Andersen single-stage sampler." Aerobiologia 22, no. 3 (2006): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10453-006-9030-2.

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Zhang, Shimin, Huojuan Qin, Xiuhua Li, et al. "Sensitive Multispectral Variable Screening Method and Yield Prediction Models for Sugarcane Based on Gray Relational Analysis and Correlation Analysis." Remote Sensing 17, no. 12 (2025): 2055. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17122055.

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Sugarcane yield prediction plays a pivotal role in enabling farmers to monitor crop development and optimize cultivation practices, guiding harvesting operations for sugar mills. In this study, we established three experimental fields, which were planted with three main sugarcane cultivars in Guangxi, China, respectively, implementing a multi-gradient fertilization design with 39 plots and 810 sampling grids. Multispectral imagery was acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) during five critical growth stages: mid-tillering (T1), late-tillering (T2), mid-elongation (T3), late-elongation (T4

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Wyatt, Robin J. "Estimating riverine fish population size from single- and multiple-pass removal sampling using a hierarchical model." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59, no. 4 (2002): 695–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f02-041.

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A hierarchical model is described for estimating population size from single- and multiple-pass removal sampling. The model is appropriate for two-stage sampling schemes, typified by surveys of riverine fish populations, in which multiple sites are surveyed, but a low number of passes are undertaken at each site. The model estimates the average population size within the target area from the raw catch data, and thus allows for differences in the sampling procedure at each site, such as including single-pass sampling. The model also uses the data from all sites to estimate the population size a

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Luo, Wei. "Study on Flow Field Analysis and Structure Optimization in Impeller of Single-Stage Centrifugal Compressor." Innovation & Technology Advances 1, no. 2 (2024): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.61187/ita.v1i2.38.

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Fluent's built-in Latin hypercube sampling is used to generate a sample space, a total of 32 design points, a high-precision calculation model needs to be generated by CFD, the design parameters and their value ranges are determined, the response surface is used to establish a surrogate model, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain the optimal design parameters of the impeller with the pressure ratio and efficiency of the single-stage centrifugal compressor as the optimization goal, so as to achieve better performance of the impeller of the single-stage centrifugal com

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Wood, Geoffrey B., and Harry V. Wiant Jr. "Comparison of point-3P and modified point-list sampling for inventory of mature native hardwood forest in southeastern New South Wales." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 5 (1992): 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-097.

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A modified form of point-list sampling is described for a forest inventory; apart from a preliminary reconnaissance survey, this sampling method requires a single visit to the field and ensures that the desired size of the second-stage sample is obtained. Results achieved in applying the method for inventory of 68 ha of mature hardwood forest in southeastern New South Wales are compared with those derived from a conventional point-3P (also known as point-Poisson) inventory of the area using an identical first-stage sample design. The total volume estimates for the two inventories were comparab

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Yang, Zhaohua, Xiang Chen, Zhihao Zhao, Lingan Wu, and Yuanjin Yu. "Online Denoising Single-Pixel Imaging Using Filtered Patterns." Photonics 11, no. 1 (2024): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010059.

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Noise is inevitable in single-pixel imaging (SPI). Although post-processing algorithms can significantly improve image quality, they introduce additional processing time. To address this issue, we propose an online denoising single-pixel imaging scheme at the sampling stage, which uses the filter to optimize the illumination modulation patterns. The image is retrieved through the second-order correlation between the modulation patterns and the intensities detected by the single-pixel detector. Through simulations and experiments, we analyzed the impact of sampling rate, noise intensity, and fi

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Han, Wensheng, Hong Zhu, Chenghui Qi, Jingsi Li, and Dengyin Zhang. "High-Resolution Representations Network for Single Image Dehazing." Sensors 22, no. 6 (2022): 2257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22062257.

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Deep learning-based image dehazing methods have made great progress, but there are still many problems such as inaccurate model parameter estimation and preserving spatial information in the U-Net-based architecture. To address these problems, we propose an image dehazing network based on the high-resolution network, called DeHRNet. The high-resolution network originally used for human pose estimation. In this paper, we make a simple yet effective modification to the network and apply it to image dehazing. We add a new stage to the original network to make it better for image dehazing. The new

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Atkins, Sage, Angela Nolin, Shakthi Unnithan, et al. "Assessment of sociodemographic factors in timely endometrial cancer diagnosis following an abnormal transvaginal ultrasound performed for postmenopausal bleeding." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): e17595-e17595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.e17595.

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e17595 Background: Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is the most common initial presentation of endometrial cancer. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology recommends evaluation of PMB with transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) to determine the endometrial stripe (ES) thickness, followed by tissue sampling if ES >4 mm. We assessed if differences in race, ethnicity, language, or insurance status were associated with delayed endometrial sampling following an abnormal ES on TVUS, and if the timing of endometrial sampling after TVUS was associated with differences in rates of endometrial cancer

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Wang, Xueqing, Diankun Zhang, Haoyu Niu, and Xiaojun Liu. "Segmentation Can Aid Detection: Segmentation-Guided Single Stage Detection for 3D Point Cloud." Electronics 12, no. 8 (2023): 1783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12081783.

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Detecting accurate 3D bounding boxes from point cloud data plays an essential role in autonomous driving. However, improving performance requires more complex models, which come with high memory and computational cost. In this work, we design a Segmentation-Guided Auxiliary Network (SGAN) to improve the localization quality of detection. The points from different levels are concatenated to generate the multi-scale feature for the points used for prediction, i.e., candidate points. SGAN is jointly optimized by two tasks of candidate points—segmentation and center estimation—and it is only used

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Villordon, Arthur, Don LaBonte, and Julio Solis. "Using a Scanner-based Minirhizotron System to Characterize Sweetpotato Adventitious Root Development during the Initial Storage Root Bulking Stage." HortScience 46, no. 3 (2011): 513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.46.3.513.

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A scanner-based minirhizotron (MR) system detected initial adventitious root (AR) development associated with transplant establishment. The system also documented the transition of ARs into pencil roots (PRs) and, in some cases, storage roots (SRs). In general, the MR system underestimated destructive sampling-based (DS) estimates of newly initiated AR (NAR), PR, and SR counts. Angled or vertical single sampling tubes underestimated NAR count by 85% and 79%, respectively. Regardless of installation position, single tube-based measurements underestimated PR and SR count by 83% and 95%, respecti

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Tong, Zhaoyang, Shirui Zhang, Jingxin Yu, Xiaolong Zhang, Baijuan Wang, and Wengang Zheng. "A Hybrid Prediction Model for CatBoost Tomato Transpiration Rate Based on Feature Extraction." Agronomy 13, no. 9 (2023): 2371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092371.

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The growth and yield of crops are highly dependent on irrigation. Implementing irrigation plans that are tailored to the specific water requirements of crops can enhance crop yield and improve the quality of tomatoes. The mastery and prediction of transpiration rate (Tr) is of great significance for greenhouse crop water management. However, due to the influence of multiple environmental factors and the mutual coupling between environmental factors, it is challenging to construct accurate prediction models. This study focuses on greenhouse tomatoes and proposes a data-driven model configuratio

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Couperus, Anna Mareike, Fabian Schroeder, Robert Klukas, Johann Huber, Thomas Wittek, and Johannes R. Peham. "Influence of Different Lactation Stages on Circadian Rhythmicity of Metabolic Biomarkers in Dairy Cows: A Pilot Study." Animals 11, no. 4 (2021): 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11041043.

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Currently, subclinical metabolic imbalances at the individual cow and herd level are detected by measuring biomarkers in single blood samples. However, diurnal variations have not been fully described yet but need to be considered when sampling for a robust ad consistent analysis. The study describes the influence of lactation phases on circadian rhythms and diurnal variations for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), total bilirubin (tBIL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in dairy cows. In an observational pilot study, we used 16 clinically healthy Simmental dairy

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Hogmire, Henry W., and Larry Crim. "Apple, Acaricide Evaluation, 1985." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, no. 1 (1986): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.27.

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Abstract Acaricides were applied to 5 single-tree replications of 6-year-old trees in a randomized block design. The first application was made at either the tight cluster (8 Apr), pink (13 Apr) or petal fall (26 Apr) stage, depending upon treatment. All treatments received a second application on 5 Jul. Sprays were applied with a Myers V7710-5E02G hydraulic sprayer equipped with a handgun and operated at 200 psi. Treatment effectiveness was determined by sampling 20 leaves from the periphery of each tree (100/treatment), removing mites with a mite-brushing machine and counting active stages w

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Hamelin, Richard C., Mathieu Dusabenyagasani, and Khalid Et-touil. "Fine-Level Genetic Structure of White Pine Blister Rust Populations." Phytopathology® 88, no. 11 (1998): 1187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.11.1187.

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The fine-level genetic structure of the white pine blister rust agent, Cronartium ribicola, was investigated by sampling multiple monokaryotic spermogonia directly on cankers in four eastern Canadian white pine (Pinus strobus) plantations and assessing genetic variability, using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Ninety-eight percent of the cankers surveyed contained a single DNA haplotype, suggesting spermogonia within cankers are the result of clonal reproduction. A single canker contained two haplotypes that were divided between the upper and lower parts of the canker, suggest

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Seo, Min-Jae. "A Single-Amplifier Dual-Residue Pipelined-SAR ADC." Electronics 10, no. 4 (2021): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10040421.

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This work presents a 12 bit 200 MS/s dual-residue pipelined successive approximation registers (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a single open-loop residue amplifier (RA). By using the inherent characteristics of the SAR conversion scheme, the proposed ADC sequentially generates two residue levels from the single RA, which eliminates the need for inter-stage gain-matching calibration. To convert the sequentially generated the two residues, a capacitive interpolating SAR ADC (I-SAR ADC) is also proposed. The I-SAR ADC is very compact because it consists of the one comparator, a CDAC,

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Wu, Linkun, David San Segundo Bello, Philippe Coppejans, et al. "Analysis and Design of a CMOS Ultra-High-Speed Burst Mode Imager with In-Situ Storage Topology Featuring In-Pixel CDS Amplification." Sensors 18, no. 11 (2018): 3683. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18113683.

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This paper presents an in-situ storage topology for ultra-high-speed burst mode imagers, enabling low noise operation while keeping a high frame depth. The proposed pixel architecture contains a 4T pinned photodiode, a correlated double sampling (CDS) amplification stage, and an in-situ memory bank. Focusing on the sampling noise, the system level trade-off of the proposed pixel architecture is discussed, showing its advantages on the noise, power, and scaling capability. Integrated with an AC coupling CDS stage, the amplification is obtained by exploiting the strong capacitance to the voltage

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Yang, Xiaofei, Hao Zhou, Qiao Li, Xueliang Fu, and Honghui Li. "Estimating Canopy Chlorophyll Content of Potato Using Machine Learning and Remote Sensing." Agriculture 15, no. 4 (2025): 375. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15040375.

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Potato is a major food crop in China. Its development and nutritional state can be inferred by the content of chlorophyll in its canopy. However, the existing study on applying feature extraction and optimization algorithms to determine the canopy SPAD (Soil–Plant Analytical Development) values of potatoes at various fertility stages is inadequate and not very reliable. Using the Pearson feature selection algorithm and the Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) method, the Vegetation Index (VI) with the highest correlation was selected as a training feature depended on multispectral o

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Priya K, Dr Shanmuga, Dr S. Balamurugan, and Anbumaran parivakkam Mani. "Evaluating The Sensitivity, Specificity, And Predictive Accuracy Of Liquid Biopsy Across NSCLC Stages." International Journal of Environmental Sciences 11, no. 9s (2025): 1141–50. https://doi.org/10.64252/y543xs66.

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The majority of lung cancer cases belong to the NSCLC category, yet patients often present with advanced disease, which reduces their treatment effectiveness. The current standard of tissue biopsy molecular profiling requires alternative solutions because of its invasive characteristics, along with restrictive sampling capabilities. Diagnostic precision of liquid biopsy through circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis remains insufficiently defined for all clinical stages. The research investigated liquid biopsy-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) against tissue-based NGS in 120 subjects who

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Luyckx, Fabrice, Bernhard Spitzer, Annabelle Blangero, Konstantinos Tsetsos, and Christopher Summerfield. "Selective Integration during Sequential Sampling in Posterior Neural Signals." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 8 (2020): 4454–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa039.

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Abstract Decisions are typically made after integrating information about multiple attributes of alternatives in a choice set. Where observers are obliged to consider attributes in turn, a computational framework known as “selective integration” can capture salient biases in human choices. The model proposes that successive attributes compete for processing resources and integration is biased towards the alternative with the locally preferred attribute. Quantitative analysis shows that this model, although it discards choice-relevant information, is optimal when the observers’ decisions are co

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., Nanik, Mareyke M.W. Taira, and Wiwin Hendriani. "“She is a Spinster”: a Descriptive Study on Perception Toward Single Women." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.29 (2018): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.29.13995.

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The aim of this research was to explore perception toward single women, according to respondents from 4 different subject groups. Exploration on topic was intriguing to be further researched, considering that the percentage of single women had been increasing in numerous countries, but the discussion was lacking, especially in Indonesia. Respondents in this study were Indonesian single or married men and women aged 25-70 years. Respondents were gathered through purposive incidental sampling (N = 128) and consisted of 41 single women, 49 married women, 13 single men, and 25 married men. An open

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Jia, Peng, and Fuxiang Liu. "Lightweight Feature Enhancement Network for Single-Shot Object Detection." Sensors 21, no. 4 (2021): 1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041066.

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At present, the one-stage detector based on the lightweight model can achieve real-time speed, but the detection performance is challenging. To enhance the discriminability and robustness of the model extraction features and improve the detector’s detection performance for small objects, we propose two modules in this work. First, we propose a receptive field enhancement method, referred to as adaptive receptive field fusion (ARFF). It enhances the model’s feature representation ability by adaptively learning the fusion weights of different receptive field branches in the receptive field modul

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