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Journal articles on the topic 'Sinus endoscopy'
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Carniol, Eric T., Alejandro Vázquez, Tapan D. Patel, James K. Liu, and Jean Anderson Eloy. "Utility of Intraoperative Flexible Endoscopy in Frontal Sinus Surgery." Allergy & Rhinology 8, no. 2 (2017): ar.2017.8.0205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ar.2017.8.0205.
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Background Surgical management of the frontal sinus can be challenging. Extensive frontal sinus pneumatization may form a far lateral or supraorbital recess that can be difficult to reach by conventional endoscopic surgical techniques, requiring extended approaches such as the Draf III (or endoscopic modified Lothrop) procedure. Rigid endoscopes may not allow visualization of these lateral limits to ensure full evacuation of the disease process. Methods Here we describe the utility of intraoperative flexible endoscopy in two patients with far lateral frontal sinus disease. Results In both cases, flexible endoscopy allowed confirmation of complete evacuation of pathologic material, thereby obviating more extensive surgical dissection. Conclusion In cases where visualization of the far lateral frontal sinus is inadequate with rigid endoscopes, flexible endoscopy can be used to determine the need for more extensive dissection.
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Komatsu, Fuminari, Mika Komatsu, Tooru Inoue, and Manfred Tschabitscher. "Endoscopic supraorbital extradural approach to the cavernous sinus: a cadaver study." Journal of Neurosurgery 114, no. 5 (2011): 1331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.10.jns101242.
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Object The cavernous sinus is a small complex structure located at the central base of the skull. Recent extensive use of endoscopy has provided less invasive approaches to the cavernous sinus via endonasal routes, although transcranial routes play an important role in the approach to the cavernous sinus. The aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of the purely endoscopic transcranial approach to the cavernous sinus through the supraorbital keyhole and to better understand the distorted anatomy of the cavernous sinus via endoscopy. Methods Eight fresh cadavers were studied using 4-mm 0° and 30° endoscopes to develop a surgical approach and to identify surgical landmarks. Results The endoscopic supraorbital extradural approach was divided into 4 stages: entry into the extradural anterior cranial fossa, exposure of the middle cranial fossa and the periorbita, exposure of the superior cavernous sinus, and exposure of the lateral cavernous sinus. This approach provided superb views of the cavernous sinus structures, especially through the clinoidal (Dolenc) triangle. The lateral wall of the cavernous sinus, including the infratrochlear (Parkinson) triangle and anteromedial (Mullan) triangle, was also clearly demonstrated. Conclusions An endoscopic supraorbital extradural approach offers excellent exposure of the superior and lateral walls of the cavernous sinus with minimal invasiveness via the transcranial route. This approach could be an alternative to the conventional transcranial approach.
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Yadav, Ankita, Ginni Datta, and Amarjeet. "Sphenochoanal polyp." IP Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Allied Science 4, no. 3 (2021): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijoas.2021.025.
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Sphenochoanal polyp are rare tumours arising from sphenoid sinus. The main presenting complain is gradually progressing nasal obstruction. Sphenochoanal polyp mimics antrochoanal polyp clinically. To differentiate it from antrochoanal polyp, diagnostic nasal endoscopy, computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses are the investigation of choice. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is the line of treatment.: A 33years old female presented with right nasal obstruction since 2 years. On Diagnostic nasal endoscopy polypoidal mass was seen partially obliterating the right nasal cavity not arising from middle meatus. CT scan showed polypoidal mass obliterating the nasal cavity, choana and Sphenoid sinus. It was completely excised by functional endoscopic surgery.We present this rare case to highlight the use of diagnostic nasal endoscopy and Computed Tomography in the diagnosis and treatment of Sphenochoanal polyps
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Klironomos, G., O. Khan, A. Mansouri, et al. "A cadaveric study in endoscopic 3D visualization of posterior fossa neurovascular complexes." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 42, S1 (2015): S42—S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2015.193.
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Background: The use of 3D endoscopy for posterior fossa surgery gradually adopted. In this study we compare the 3D to classic 2D endoscopy in evaluating neurovascular complexes in posterior fossa. Methods: Twenty retrosigmoid craniotomies, with a maximal diameter of 2cm were performed under neuronavigation on 10 fresh cadaveric heads. The posterior fossa dura matter was opened with a C-shaped incision and the base of the dural flap was placed over the sigmoid sinus. We used 3D and 2D endoscopes, with 0 and 45 degree angulations, connected to high definition camera lenses for optimal visualization of posterior fossa structures. Results: The superior, middle and inferior neurovascular complexes of the cerebellopontine angle were better visualized with 3D comparing to 2D endoscope. A detailed view of the porus trigeminous and structures associated with the tentorial incisura was also attained with 3D endoscopy. Conclusion: The high quality and resolution obtained by 3D endoscopy makes it a potentially valuable surgical and teaching tool in the armamentarium for endoscopic posterior fossa surgery. The stereoscopic view of the critical neurovascular structures of the posterior fossa, offered by 3D images, allows for a more detailed dissection in the difficult area of the cerebellopontine angle.
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Dawood, Mohammed Radef, Abbas Hamad, and Mohanad Hussien. "Endoscopic finding versus CT nose and paranasal sinuses appearance in chronic rhinosinusitis; A comparative study." Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny 12, no. 3 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9173.
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BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease encountered in otorhinolaryngology field, however, there is no consensus about its definitive diagnostic method. Nasal endoscopy and sinus CT scan are successfully used as diagnostic modalities.ObjectiveTo evaluate the correlation between nasal endoscopy as compared to sinus CT in CRS diagnosis.Patients and MethodsA prospective randomized study, in which, 80 patients attended outpatient ENT clinic, from March 2018 to April 2019, whom met the diagnostic criteria of CRS guidelines, were recruited, and the diagnostic modalities were; nasal endoscopy using Lund-Kennedy scoring system, followed with sinus CT scan using Lund-Mackay scoring system within 1 week. Both modalities were compared, with focus on pathological findings, as well as, the specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive values, in addition, to the anatomic variations data. All the above-mentioned respective parameters were statistically analyzed.ResultsNasal obstruction (92.5%), maxillary sinus (82.5%) with mucosal thicken opacity (83.75%) by CT scan, and muco-purulent middle meatus discharge (73.75%) by nasal endoscopy. The association between diagnostic endoscopy and CT scan had P value =0.001 by Student-t-test, and r=0.734 by Pearson`s correlation coefficient. Diagnostic accuracy of nasal endoscopy was 95%, sensitivity was 91.6 % (95% CI 87.38–93.67%), specificity was 88.3% (95% CI 85.91–89.59%), while positive predictive value 81.7% and negative predictive value was 79.87%. ConclusionStrong and statistical correlation between the nasal endoscopic and sinus CT findings, also between nasal obstruction symptom and nasal endoscopy, while, no significant difference on anatomical variants data.
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Townsend, Neil. "Direct sinus endoscopy." Livestock 21, no. 5 (2016): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/live.2016.21.5.316.
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Komatsu, Fuminari, Mika Komatsu, Tooru Inoue, and Manfred Tschabitscher. "Endoscopic Extradural Anterior Clinoidectomy via Supraorbital Keyhole: A Cadaveric Study." Operative Neurosurgery 68, suppl_2 (2011): ons334—ons338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e31821144e5.
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Abstract Background: Anterior clinoidectomy is an essential preliminary step for parasellar and pericavernous sinus surgery. Endoscopy is a widely accepted modality for neurosurgical strategies and is becoming more important in treating conditions involving the cranial base. Objective: To determine the feasibility of endoscopic extradural anterior clinoidectomy via the supraorbital keyhole. Methods: Eight fresh cadaver heads were studied using 4-mm, 0- and 30-degree rigid endoscopes to perform endoscopic extradural anterior clinoidectomy. We also evaluated a bony landmark for this technique in 36 dry craniums. Results: An endoscope was introduced into the extradural space created via a supraorbital keyhole craniotomy. The periorbita and the duplication of the dura extending to the temporal lobe dura and periorbita were exposed by drilling. Anterior clinoidectomy proceeded using a diamond drill under endoscopic visualization without a dural incision. A submerged view with continuous irrigation through an endoscopic sheath maintained clear visibility while drilling. A small bony eminence at the transition between the sphenoid ridge and the anterior clinoid process, which is an anatomic landmark for endoscopic extradural anterior clinoidectomy, was identified in 57.4% of 36 adult dry craniums. Conclusion: The endoscopic extradural procedure can accomplish reliable anterior clinoidectomy under superb endoscopic visualization. This method would be applicable to parasellar and cavernous sinus surgery combined with keyhole or conventional craniotomy.
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Al Kadah, Basel, Victoria Bozzato, Alessandro Bozzato, George Papaspyrou, and Bernhard Schick. "A novel multipurpose mini-endoscope for frontal sinus endoscopy “sinus view”." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 272, no. 7 (2014): 1693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-014-3258-1.
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Wise, Sarah K., Richard J. Harvey, John C. Goddard, Patrick O. Sheahan, and Rodney J. Schlosser. "Combined Image Guidance and Intraoperative Computed Tomography in Facilitating Endoscopic Orientation within and around the Paranasal Sinuses." American Journal of Rhinology 22, no. 6 (2008): 635–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajr.2008.22.3242.
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Background The utility of image guidance (image-guided surgery [IGS]) and intraoperative computed tomography (CT) scanning as a tool for less experienced endoscopic surgeons to aid in localization of paranasal sinus and skull base anatomic structures was evaluated. Methods Partial endoscopic dissection was performed on cadaver specimens by three fellowship trained rhinologists. Anatomic sites within and around the sinuses were tagged with radio-opaque markers. Otolaryngology residents identified tagged anatomic sites using four successive levels of technology: endoscopy alone (simulating outpatient clinic), endoscopy plus preoperative CT (simulating endoscopic sinus surgery [ESS] without IGS), endoscopy plus IGS registered to preoperative CT (simulating current ESS with IGS), and endoscopy plus IGS registered to real-time intraoperative CT. Responses were graded as follows: consensus rhinologist answer (4 points), close answer without clinically significant difference (3 points), within anatomic region but definite clinical difference (2 points), outside of anatomic region (1 point), no answer (0 points). Results Eleven residents participated. Of 20 specific anatomic sites, IGS-intraoperative CT provided the most accurate anatomic identification at 16 sites. For 8 sites, IGS-intraoperative CT had a significantly higher score than endoscopy alone (p < 0.05; eta2 = 0.29-0.67). For 6 sites, IGS-preoperative CT scan had a significantly higher score than endoscopy alone (p < 0.05; eta2 = 0.30-0.67). All participants found that IGS-intraoperative CT scan made them most comfortable in identifying anatomy. Conclusion Combined IGS and intraoperative CT scan technology may be an instructional adjunct for less experienced paranasal sinus surgeons for dissection and evaluation of unfamiliar or distorted anatomy.
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Jeffrey Trimas, Scott, and Scott P. Stringer. "The Use of Nasal Endoscopes in the Diagnosis of Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Masses." American Journal of Rhinology 8, no. 1 (1994): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065894781882693.
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The histopathologic diagnosis of nasal and paranasal sinus masses may be problematic. Traditionally, a biopsy through an external ethmoidectomy or Caldwell-Luc procedure has been required. The advent of nasal endoscopy provides an alternative method of obtaining tissue. The diagnostic evaluations of 57 cases of nasal or paranasal sinus masses, seen from 1985 through 1991, were reviewed. The use of nasal endoscopy in the diagnosis of nasal and paranasal sinus masses was associated with decreased morbidity as compared to more traditional approaches. Potential surgical approaches were not violated prior to definitive treatment. Representative cases will be presented illustrating changes in management by using nasal endoscopes.
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Chakraborty, Priyanko, Rajiv K. Jain, Purnima Joshi, Rakhi Kumari, and Sidharth Pradhan. "Anatomic Variations of the Nose in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Correlation between Nasal Endoscopic and Computerized Tomography Scan Findings and a Review of Literature." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 9, no. 1 (2016): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1255.
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ABSTRACT Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refers to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses. Nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scans are successfully used as diagnostic modalities of nose and paranasal sinus diseases. There have been many studies regarding the anatomic variations leading to pathogenesis of paranasal sinus diseases. Considerable progress has been made in the medical and surgical control of these conditions; however, a large number of questions relating to the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of the diseases remain unanswered. Materials and methods The study included 82 clinically diagnosed cases of CRS who underwent CT scan and were advised to undergo diagnostic endoscopy. The anatomical findings of the nose were compared to see correlation between nasal endoscopy and CT scan. Results The mean age (±standard error of the mean) of presentation was 34.11 (±1.42) years, while most patients were from the age group of 18 to 30 years. Males were predominating the study group with 62.2%, while 37.8% were females. The most common anatomic variation was deviated nasal septum with 92.68% CT reported patients. This was followed by inferior turbinate hypertrophy, septal spur, concha bullosa, and agger nasi cells. Conclusion Computed tomography scan is considered the gold standard for sinonasal imaging. Diagnostic endoscopy and CT scan are a must prior to any functional endoscopic sinus surgery. They help in assessing the extent of sinus disease and to know the variations and vital relations of the paranasal sinuses. Computed tomography scan assists the surgeon as a “road map” during endoscopic sinus surgery. How to cite this article Chakraborty P, Jain RK, Joshi P, Kumari R, Pradhan S. Anatomic Variations of the Nose in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Correlation between Nasal Endoscopic and Computerized Tomography Scan Findings and a Review of Literature. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(1):13-17.
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He, Yucheng, Ying Hu, Peng Zhang, Baoliang Zhao, Xiaozhi Qi, and Jianwei Zhang. "Human–Robot Cooperative Control Based on Virtual Fixture in Robot-Assisted Endoscopic Sinus Surgery." Applied Sciences 9, no. 8 (2019): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9081659.
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In endoscopic sinus surgery, the robot assists the surgeon in holding the endoscope and acts as the surgeon’s third hand, which helps to reduce the surgeon’s operating burden and improve the quality of the operation. This paper proposes a human–robot cooperative control method based on virtual fixture to realize accurate and safe human–robot interaction in endoscopic sinus surgery. Firstly, through endoscopic trajectory analysis, the endoscopic motion constraint requirements of different surgical stages are obtained, and three typical virtual fixtures suitable for endoscopic sinus surgery are designed and implemented. Based on the typical virtual fixtures, a composite virtual fixture is constructed, and then the overall robot motion constraint model is obtained. Secondly, based on the obtained robot motion constraint model, a human–robot cooperative control method based on virtual fixture is proposed. The method adopts admittance control to realize efficient human–robot interaction between the surgeon and robot during the surgery; the virtual fixture is used to restrain and guide the motion of the robot, thereby ensuring motion safety of the robot. Finally, the proposed method is evaluated through a robot-assisted nasal endoscopy experiment, and the result shows that the proposed method can improve the accuracy and safety of operation during endoscopic sinus surgery.
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Jung, H., and S. K. Park. "Indolent mucormycosis of the paranasal sinus in immunocompetent patients: are antifungal drugs needed?" Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 9 (2013): 872–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215113001795.
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AbstractObjective:To report the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of indolent paranasal mucormycosis in immunocompetent individuals.Materials and methods:A retrospective review of four immunocompetent patients with indolent mucormycosis of the paranasal sinus managed by endoscopic sinus surgery only was performed. One year of regular follow up comprised angled endoscopy and repeated paranasal sinus computed tomography three months after surgery.Results:Clinical symptoms were non-specific. Pre-operative paranasal sinus computed tomography showed opacification of the unilateral maxillary sinus with focal calcification but without bony destruction or extension to the orbit or cranium. All patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery without administration of antifungal agents. There was no recurrence on regular clinical and radiological follow up.Conclusion:For indolent paranasal mucormycosis in immunocompetent patients, endoscopic sinus surgery can be the treatment of choice, and the administration of antifungal drugs may not be necessary.
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Shelkar, Ritesh, Jeevan Vedi, Seema Patel, KS Dasgupta, and Kanchan Lanjewar. "Role of Nasal Endoscopy in Sinonasal Diseases." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 8, no. 1 (2015): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1220.
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ABSTRACT Aims and objectives To evaluate sinunasal diseases with the help of nasal endoscopy. To study efficacy of nasal endoscopy in diagnosing nasal pathology over clinical examination. To define medical and surgical functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), management according to type of nasal pathology. To define applications of nasal endoscopy (biopsy, swab, epistaxis control, foreign body removal, rhinolith removal, follow-up). Materials and methods Total 100 patients were studied. Patients came with complaints of nasal blocking, nasal discharge, mass in nasal cavity, bleeding etc, included in study. Pre-endoscopic assessment was carried out like history, examination, investigation. Endoscopic was done after consent under necessary anesthesia. Endoscopy was done using 0 and 30° endoscope with three standard passes. Result Total 100 patients were studied. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Out of 100 patients maximum number of patients had chronic sinusitis on nasal endoscopy examination (22); followed by nasal polyp (27) and deviated nasal septum and epistaxis (10). Nasal endoscopy was an excellent diagnostic aid in condition like epistaxis, nasal mass, nasal obstruction, foreign body, nasopharyngeal tumor. Conclusion Diagnostic nasal endoscopy offers high diagnostic accuracy in patient with sinonasal complaints. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy is gold standard tool in patient having sinonasal complaints. It has high accuracy due to vision control, has less bleeding, minimal complication, and early postoperative recovery. It is a good tool for diagnosing anatomical variation. How to cite this article Shelkar R, Vedi J, Patel S, Dasgupta KS, Lanjewar K. Role of Nasal Endoscopy in Sinonasal Diseases. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(1):8-11.
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Winther, Birgit, Christopher L. Vickery, Charles W. Gross, and J. Owen Hendley. "Microbiology of the Maxillary Sinus in Adults with Chronic Sinus Disease." American Journal of Rhinology 10, no. 6 (1996): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065896781794833.
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Antimicrobial therapy is a part of the care of patients with chronic sinus disease (CSD), but the etiologic role of microorganisms in this condition is unclear. Twenty patients with CSD undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery who had been off antibiotics for at least 1 week before surgery had a maxillary sinus aspirate for quantitative culture for aerobic bacteria and fungi and a semiquantitative culture from the antrostomy of the same maxillary sinus during endoscopic surgery. Six (30%) of the patients had infection of the maxillary sinus diagnosed by the presence of ≥ 103 cfu/mL of organisms in the sinus aspirate (Haemophilus influenzae in two patients and one patient each with Moraxella catarrhalis, α-streptococcus, mixed oropharyngeal flora, or Alternaria sp.). All antrostomy specimens obtained by nasal endoscopy during surgery were positive, but the antrostomy cultures did not correlate with the sinus aspirate cultures from the same sinus. Staphylococcus aureus and/or Gram negative rods in eight antrostomy cultures did not predict the presence of these pathogens in any of the maxillary sinus aspirates. Conversely, the bacteria detected with the quantitative aspirate culture in five of the six infected sinuses were not found in the antrostomy specimen; only the fungal sinus infection correlated with the antrostomy culture. Infection of the maxillary sinuses occurred in patients with both limited and severe disease by CT imaging. About one third of patients with CSD necessitating surgery had microbial infection of the maxillary sinus, but antrostomy cultures obtained via endoscopy did not predict the organisms infecting the sinus.
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Taylor, Robert J., Justin D. Miller, Austin S. Rose, et al. "Comprehensive quality of life outcomes for pediatric patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery." Rhinology journal 52, no. 4 (2014): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino14.028.
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Background: Limited quality of life data exist for pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Further exploration of the following areas will enhance understanding and support clinical decision-making: baseline and post-ESS general and disease-specific quality of life, parent vs. child report, and correlation of nasal endoscopy to sinus CT scores. Methodology: A prospective cohort study evaluated CRS patients age 5-18 undergoing ESS. Surveys were completed at two timepoints: (1) pre-ESS and (2) 30-90 days post-ESS, with parents completing general (PedsQLTM) and CRS-specific (SNOT-16 and SN-5) quality of life surveys and children completing PedsQLTM and SNOT-16 surveys. Preoperative Lund-Kennedy nasal endoscopy and Lund-Mackay sinus CT scores were calculated. Where appropriate, outcomes were stratified by cystic fibrosis status. Results: Impaired preoperative general quality of life was evidenced by parent proxy-report of PedsQLTM scores in 10 cystic fibrosis and 11 non-CF patients. ESS was associated with decreased sinus symptoms at 1-3 months postoperatively with SN-5 change scores of -1.85 and -2.2, in CF and non-CF patients, respectively. Parents reported worse CRS symptoms via higher preoperative SNOT-16 scores than their children did. Nasal endoscopy and sinus CT scores correlated with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.51. Scores not reaching statistical significance included CF-related CRS SNOT-16 change scores and PedsQLTM general quality of life change scores. Conclusion: In pediatric patients with CRS electing ESS, general quality of life is impaired preoperatively and sinus symptoms improve significantly 1-3 months after sinus surgery. Parents report statistically worse CRS symptom scores than their children do. Nasal endoscopy scores in this cohort correlated with sinus CT scores.
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Badr-El-Dine, Mohammed, Yasser G. Shewel, Ahmad A. Ibrahim, and Mohammed Khalifa. "Endoscope-assisted surgery: a major adjunct in cholesteatoma surgery." Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology 29, no. 2 (2013): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7123/01.ejo.0000426391.27924.84.
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EnAbstract Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of middle-ear endoscopy in the effective control over cholesteatoma through visualizing hidden areas of the middle-ear cleft. Materials and methods A total of 60 ears with retraction pocket cholesteatoma were operated upon. They were subdivided into 40 cases operated upon using the canal wall up technique and another 20 cases operated upon using transcanal atticotomy. Endoscopically guided ear surgery was incorporated complementary to the microscope as a principal part in the procedure. Results The incidence of cholesteatoma in the facial recess that was visualized by the endoscope was 25% compared with 20% by the microscope, whereas the incidence of detection of cholesteatoma in the sinus tympani by the endoscope was 35% compared with 5% by the microscope. Cholesteatoma in the anterior epitympanic recess was detected by the endoscope in 10% of ears compared with 0% by the microscope. In this series, no morbidity or complication was encountered secondary to the use of endoscopes in the mastoid or the middle ear. Conclusion Endoscope-assisted ear surgery has many benefits in cholesteatoma surgery as endoscopy helps explore hidden areas of the middle-ear cavity with a much lesser requirement for surgical exposure and the need to drill healthy bone; therefore, effective control over the disease can be achieved, thus establishing the concept of functional endoscopic ear surgery.
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Inoue, Akihiro, Takanori Ohnishi, Shohei Kohno, et al. "Usefulness of an Image Fusion Model Using Three-Dimensional CT and MRI with Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Endoscopy as a Multimodal Assistant System in Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery." International Journal of Endocrinology 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/694273.
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Purpose. We investigate the usefulness of multimodal assistant systems using a fusion model of preoperative three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with endoscopy with indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence in establishing endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (ETSS) as a more effective treatment procedure.Methods. Thirty-five consecutive patients undergoing ETSS in our hospital between April 2014 and March 2015 were enrolled in the study. In all patients, fusion models of 3D-CT and MRI were created by reconstructing preoperative images. In addition, in 10 patients, 12.5 mg of ICG was intravenously administered, allowing visualization of surrounding structures. We evaluated the accuracy and utility of these combined modalities in ETSS.Results. The fusion model of 3D-CT and MRI clearly demonstrated the complicated structures in the sphenoidal sinus and the position of the internal carotid arteries (ICAs), even with extensive tumor infiltration. ICG endoscopy enabled us to visualize the surrounding structures by the phasic appearance of fluorescent signals emitted at specific consecutive elapsed times.Conclusions. Preoperative 3D-CT and MRI fusion models with intraoperative ICG endoscopy allowed distinct visualization of vital structures in cases where tumors had extensively infiltrated the sphenoidal sinus. Additionally, the ICG endoscope was a useful real-time monitoring tool for ETSS.
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Sharifi, Mansoor, Jacek Kunicki, Pawel Krajewski, and Bogdan Ciszek. "Endoscopic anatomy of the chordae willisii in the superior sagittal sinus." Journal of Neurosurgery 101, no. 5 (2004): 832–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2004.101.5.0832.
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Object. Chordae willisii are structures located in the lumen of the superior sagittal sinus (SSS). It is thought that they act as flow-improving structures within the sinuses. There are few anatomical descriptions of chordae willisii, and all previous observations were performed through standard anatomical dissections. The purpose of this study was to visualize and describe structural and topographical features of the chordae willisii with the aid of rigid endoscopy. Methods. Twenty-five SSSs obtained from fresh human cadavers during autopsies were the material for this study. Specimens were flushed with tap water to remove clots. Bridging veins emptying into the sinus were ligated, and continuous flow of a saline solution through the sinus in a physiological direction was achieved by connecting the sinus to an irrigating system. Rigid endoscopes of different diameters (2.7–4.5 mm) and optic (0 and 30°) were inserted into the lumen of the sinus. The endoscope was connected to a digital camera and a video system to allow for recording of the observed structures. Finally, the sinuses were opened and the chordae willisii were dissected using standard anatomical methods. The chordae willisii were observed in all examined specimens. Three different types of the cords were found: lamellar, trabecular, and valvelike types. The most common type was the valvelike (mixed) one, which comprised 45.1% of all cords. The chordae willisii were most commonly observed in the parietooccipital region of the SSS. Conclusions. Witout disturbing any structural relationships, the use of endoscopy allowed visualization and description of intraluminal structures as they behaved physiologically.
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Gouripur, Kranti, Udaya Kumar M., Anand B. Janagond, S. Elangovan, and V. Srinivasa. "Incidence of sinonasal anatomical variations associated with chronic sinusitis by CT scan in Karaikal, South India." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 3, no. 3 (2017): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20172291.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Variations in sinonasal anatomy of adults<strong> </strong>are common and vary among different populations. Their role in development of pathological conditions such as sinusitis, epistaxis, etc is debated. Having clear picture of sinonasal anatomy of a person is essential in avoidance of complications during surgery. This study was done<strong> </strong>to<strong> </strong>analyze<strong> </strong>sinonasal anatomy in adults from Karaikal region having chronic sinusitis by nasal endoscopy and CT scan imaging.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery were studied by preoperative nasal endoscopy, CT scanning and endoscopy at the time of definitive surgery and variations recorded and analyzed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The incidence of the sinonasal anatomical variations in CT scan study were – discharge in the frontal sinus (100%), agger nasi cells (96%), deviated nasal septum (70%), anterior ethmoidal cells (86%), posterior ethmoidal cells (58%), sinus lateralis (52%), frontal cells (50%), discharge in sphenoid sinus (50%), pneumatised superior turbinate (46%), INSA (34%), prominent bulla ethmoidalis (30%), supra orbital cells (26%), pneumatised septum(16%), medialised uncinate process (16%), paradoxical middle turbinate (16%), Haller cells (14%), supreme turbinate (14%), pneumatised inferior turbinate (12%), frontal recess obliteration (12%), absent pneumatisation of frontal sinus (12%), pneumatised middle turbinate (10%), Onodi cells (6%), pneumatised uncinate process (2%), maxillary sinus septation (2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The high incidence of variations emphasises the need for proper preoperative assessment for safe and effective endoscopic sinus surgery. </p>
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Sood, V. P. "Nasal and sinus endoscopy." Indian Journal of Otolaryngology 42, no. 4 (1990): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02994919.
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Strong, E. Bradley. "Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 6, no. 2 (2013): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1332212.
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External dacryocystorhinostomy was described in early 20th century. The introduction of nasal endoscopy and endoscopic sinus surgery in the 1980s paved the way for a transnasal endoscopic approach to lacrimal system. This article will review the indications and surgical techniques used for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.
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Sathiyan, Ankush, Hari Mahajan Jain, and Sarfaraz Alam Khan. "Outcome of 82 cases of nasal polyposis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery." Trends in Clinical and Medical Sciences 1, no. 1 (2021): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.30538/psrp-tmcs2021.0002.
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Aim: To study 82 cases of nasal polyposis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Methodology: Our study comprised of 82 patients presenting with the symptoms of nasal polyposis (38 male patient, 44 female patients). All managed with FESS. Parameters assessed were NOSE score and nasal endoscopy score pre- operatively which was compared with post- operative score at 6 months and 12 months. Results: We found pre- operative NOSE score was 65.2±5.7, at 6 months was 28.4±4.1 and at 12 months post- operatively was 24.2±3.6. We found pre- operative nasal endoscopic score was 6.02, 6 months score was 3.1 and 12 months score was 2.5. Conclusion: Patients nasal endoscopy score and NOSE symptom score was improved after treatment. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is treatment of choice in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
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Chu, C. Timothy, Richard A. Lebowitz, and Joseph B. Jacobs. "An Analysis of Sites of Disease in Revision Endoscopic Sinus Surgery." American Journal of Rhinology 11, no. 4 (1997): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065897781446630.
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Revision endoscopic sinus surgery is performed when symptoms associated with sinusitis persist after sinus surgery and despite continued medical therapy. The causes of treatment failure are varied and may include systemic, mucosal, and anatomic factors associated with persistent inflammatory disease. The purpose of this retrospective review was to define the sites of recurrent or persistent sinonasal disease in patients undergoing revision endoscopic sinus surgery. This data was based on our preoperative CT scan and nasal endoscopy, as well as intraoperative findings. This study includes an evaluation of the most recent sinus surgery in a group of 153 patients and 265 operated sides. The frequency and distribution of regional anatomic sites of disease is presented and discussed.
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Agarwal, Anjani, Alpesh Fefar, and Manish Mehta. "A Comparative Study of Endoscopic Finding and Radiological Appearance in Paranasal Sinus Disease." Journal of Medical Research and Innovation 2, S1 (2018): e000128. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/jmri.128.
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Aims and Objectives: The study is carried out with an objective to compare the diagnostic nasal endoscopic findings and radiological appearance in patients with paranasal sinus disease.
 Methods: 50 cases of chronic sinusitis not responding to routine medical line of treatment were selected and operated after being thoroughly investigated by means of nasal endoscopy and CT scan. 
 Results: Out of 50 cases, 35 underwent bilateral surgery and 15 underwent unilateral surgery, so a total of 85 procedures were carried out. Findings of both the CT scan as well as diagnostic nasal endoscopy were compared to each other and ultimately correlated with operative findings. 
 Conclusion: In our study, a high association is found between both the modalities of investigation i.e CT scan and diagnostic nasal endoscopy with one scoring over the other in different parameters. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy is found to be highly sensitive investigatory modality for parameters like frontal recess, spheno-ethmoid recess and hiatus semilunaris, where as CT scan is found to be highly sensitive for parameters like maxillary sinus, uncinate process and posterior ethmoids. So, a case of sinus disease should be diagnosed as early as possible using both these modalities as together they complement each other. Early diagnosis and effective management cures the pathology and prevents disastrous complications.
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Sathiyan, Ankush, Hari Mahajan Jain, and Sarfaraz Alam Khan. "Outcome of 82 cases of nasal polyposis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery." Trends in Clinical and Medical Sciences 1, no. 2 (2021): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30538/psrp-tmcs2021.0010.
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The aim of this paper is to study 82 cases of nasal polyposis undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Our study comprised of 82 patients presenting with the symptoms of nasal polyposis (38 male patient, 44 female patients). All managed with FESS. Parameters assessed were NOSE score and nasal endoscopy score pre- operatively which was compared with post- operative score at 6 months and 12 months. We found pre-operative NOSE score was \(65.2\pm 5.7,\) at 6 months was \(28.4\pm 4.1\) and at 12 months post-operatively was \(24.2\pm 3.6.\) We found pre-operative nasal endoscopic score was 6.02, 6 months score was 3.1 and 12 months score was 2.5. We conclude that the patients nasal endoscopy score and NOSE symptom score was improved after treatment. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is treatment of choice in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
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Khalid, Ayesha N., Jess Mace, and Timothy L. Smith. "Outcomes of Sinus Surgery in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 141, no. 3 (2009): 358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2009.05.034.
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OBJECTIVES: Adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) represent a challenging subset of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). While data suggest that endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) may benefit pediatric CF patients, there remains a paucity of data regarding the impact of endoscopic sinus surgery on adult CF patients with CRS. Our purpose was to evaluate objective and quality-of-life measures in adult CF patients with CRS following ESS. STUDY DESIGN: Nested case-control study. SETTING: Tertiary care center. METHODS: Twenty patients with CF were evaluated and matched to 20 controls without concomitant CF. Preoperative CT and preoperative/postoperative endoscopic findings were recorded as objective measures. Changes in two disease-specific quality-of-life (QoL) instruments were also evaluated both preoperatively and postoperatively. RESULTS: Mean postoperative follow-up was similar for cases and controls (13.1 ± 7.9 months vs 14.0 ± 6.0 months, respectively). Preoperative CT scores (16.9 ± 4.5 vs 10.9 ± 5.9, P = 0.001) and endoscopy scores (9.3 ± 5.8 vs 5.7 ± 4.6, P = 0.049) were significantly worse in CF patients. Postoperative endoscopy scores were significantly worse for CRS patients with CF ( P = 0.001), although the degree of improvement on endoscopy within each group was no different ( P = 0.071). Additionally, both groups experienced similar improvement in QoL after ESS (all P ≥ 0.134). CONCLUSIONS: While baseline measures of disease severity are worse in the CF population, our data support objective and QoL improvements for adult patients with comorbid CF comparable to patients without CF.
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Rao, Kiran. "Computed Tomography of Paranasal Sinus Pathologies with Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery/Nasal Endoscopy Correlation." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 8, no. 1 (2015): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1222.
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ABSTRACT A prospective study conducted on 50 patients in Sri Guru Ram Das (SGRD) Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, India, suffering from paranasal sinus diseases correlating the findings of computed tomography (CT) using Siemens somatom emotion 6 slice CT machine with diagnostic nasal endoscopy or functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Infection of the paranasal sinuses is very common. Surgical clearance of these chronically infected sinuses while maintaining their ventilation and drainage is the treatment of choice. To achieve this goal, there should be some diagnostic modality which guides us towards exact diagnosis and safe intervention. Computed tomography proves to be the most reliable method of preoperative assessment of patients undergoing FESS as it delineates the extent of the disease, define any anatomical variants and relationship of the sinuses with the surrounding important structures. Thus, providing a road map for sinus surgery. In our study, most patients were in the 3rd and 4th decades of their life with equal disease incidence in males and females. The most common sinus involved was anterior ethmoid sinus while sphenoid sinus was least commonly involved. Commonest pattern of inflammation was sinonasal polyposis followed by osteomeatal unit pattern. On correlating CT diagnosis with final diagnosis, chronic sinusitis has 86% sensitivity and 96.5% specificity. Polyps have sensitivity of 96.15% and specificity of 95.83%. Again for fungal sinusitis CT has lower sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 93.02%. For diagnosing benign and malignant lesions CT has 100% sensitivity, specificity, could be due to small number of masses evaluated. This study proved that CT is the modality of choice for evaluation and planning the management of symptomatic patients of paranasal sinus pathologies. How to cite this article Rao K. Computed Tomography of Paranasal Sinus Pathologies with Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery/Nasal Endoscopy Correlation. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(1):15-19.
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McLaughlin, Nancy, Amy A. Eisenberg, Pejman Cohan, Charlene B. Chaloner, and Daniel F. Kelly. "Value of endoscopy for maximizing tumor removal in endonasal transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma surgery." Journal of Neurosurgery 118, no. 3 (2013): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2012.11.jns112020.
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Object Endoscopy as a visual aid (endoscope assisted) or as the sole visual method (fully endoscopic) is increasingly used in pituitary adenoma surgery. Authors of this study assessed the value of endoscopic visualization for finding and removing residual adenoma after initial microscopic removal. Methods Consecutive patients who underwent endoscope-assisted microsurgical removal of pituitary adenoma were included in this study. The utility of the endoscope in finding and removing residual adenoma not visualized by the microscope was noted intraoperatively. After maximal tumor removal under microscopic visualization, surgeries were categorized as to whether additional tumor was removed via endoscopy. Tumor removal and remission rates were also noted. Patients undergoing fully endoscopic tumor removal during this same period were excluded from the study. Results Over 3 years, 140 patients (41% women, mean age 50 years) underwent endoscope-assisted adenoma removal of 30 endocrine-active microadenomas and 110 macroadenomas (39 endocrine-active, 71 endocrine-inactive); 16% (23/140) of patients had prior surgery. After initial microscopic removal, endoscopy revealed residual tumor in 40% (56/140) of cases and the additional tumor was removed in 36% (50 cases) of these cases. Endoscopy facilitated additional tumor removal in 54% (36/67) of the adenomas measuring ≥ 2 cm in diameter and in 19% (14/73) of the adenomas smaller than 2 cm in diameter (p < 0.0001); additional tumor removal was achieved in 20% (6/30) of the microadenomas. Residual tumor was typically removed from the suprasellar extension and folds of the collapsed diaphragma sellae or along or within the medial cavernous sinus. Overall, 91% of endocrine-inactive tumors were gross-totally or near-totally removed, and 70% of endocrine-active adenomas had early remission. Conclusions After microscope-based tumor removal, endoscopic visualization led to additional adenoma removal in over one-third of patients. The panoramic visualization of the endoscope appears to facilitate more complete tumor removal than is possible with the microscope alone. These findings further emphasize the utility of endoscopic visualization in pituitary adenoma surgery. Longer follow-ups and additional case series are needed to determine if endoscopic adenomectomy translates into higher long-term remission rates.
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Poojitha, S., Deepalakhmi Tanthry, Mahesh Santhraya G., et al. "Quality of life: pre-and post-functional endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 9, no. 4 (2023): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20230754.
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Background: Chronic sinusitis (CRS) includes all inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses with a minimum duration of 12 weeks. Physical examination (anterior rhinoscopy, endoscopy) and/or radiography, ideally from sinus computed tomography, can provide objective proof of the same. After failure of conservative treatment, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is the preferred modality for chronic rhinosinusitis that has been frequently used over the past years. Methods: The present prospective study aimed to assess the quality of life (QOL), the nasal endoscopy scores- before and after FESS in 60 patients aged more than 18 years suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis. QOL was assessed using SNOT-20 questionnaire and endoscopy was quantified using Lund-Kennedy sinonasal endoscopy scoring system. Results: QOL scores were significantly higher (p<0.001) before surgery (41.28±15.30) than after FESS (6.83±5.96) indicating improvement in QOL. Lund-Kennedy endoscopy scores of patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis before and after surgery was also significantly reduced (p<0.001). Conclusions: This study concludes that there is significant improvement in the QOL and reduction in the severity of symptoms in patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis after FESS.
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Srinivasan, S., V. I. Nehru, S. B. S. Mann, V. K. Sharma, J. R. Bapuraj, and A. Das. "Study of ethmoid sinus involvement in multibacillary leprosy." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 112, no. 11 (1998): 1038–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100142410.
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AbstractThe nasal mucosal involvement in lepromatous leprosy is well recognized. Currently interest has centred around the involvement of paranasal sinuses in leprosy. They act as a reservoir and constant source of reinfection to the nasal mucosa. In the present prospective study 25 untreated patients with multi-bacillary leprosy were included. Clinical examination, computed tomography (CT) scan of paranasal sinuses, ethmoid sinus endoscopy and biopsy were carried out in all patients, to investigate the involvement of the paranasal sinuses in leprosy.Ethmoid sinus involvement was noted in 20 patients on CT scan. Bilateral involvement was more common (65 per cent). Anterior ethmoids were more commonly affected (65 per cent). On ethmoid sinus endoscopy abnormal mucosa was noted in 17 patients (68 per cent). Ethmoid sinus biopsy was confirmative in 16 patients (64 per cent). Statistically significant correlation was found between CT findings, sinus endoscopy and sinus biopsy findings.
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Hamza, Ameer, Qainat Ishfaq, Alisha Afzal, et al. "EVALUATION OF FUNGAL SINUSITIS ON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ENDOSCOPY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY FINDINGS." European Journal of Health Sciences 4, no. 2 (2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ejhs.437.
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Purpose: To evaluate fungal sinusitis on computed tomography and its correlation with endoscopy and histopathology findings.Methodology: A comparative cross sectional analytical study was conducted at a tertiary care in Lahore. During four months of research period 138 patients were observed. CT scan was performed routinely on 128 slice CT machine by Siemens Germany Ltd having slice thickness of 3 mm, reconstructions at 0.75 mm in coronal and sagittal planes. Scanning parameters included 190 mA , 120 KV and tube rotation time of 0.5 s. Preoperative evaluation by CT was mandatory for all patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).The findings of endoscopy and histopathology were also collected in all those cases when the investigation was done. The data was then analysis by using SPSS version 25.Findings: Out of 138 patients, 63 females and 75 males were observed. 80 were affected unilaterally (58%) and 58 were affected bilaterally (42%). 111 patients showed sinus expansion (80.4%) and 84 patients showed extra sinus expansion (60.9%). 106 patients were diagnosed on CT (76.8%). All those 106 were sent for endoscopy, out of which 94 patients (68.1%) were affected on endoscopy. But the tissue cultures of 106 patients after endoscopy were sent for histopathology that confirmed 96 patients (69.6%) were affected with fungal sinusitis.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: CT scan is very sensitive for detecting fungal sinusitis. It is a non-invasive and easily available procedure that will help in the early diagnosis on fungal sinusitis. But it is nonspecific as it does not give the confirmation about the nature of sinusitis.
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Rao, Kiran. "Computed Tomography of Paranasal Sinus Pathologies with Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery/Nasal Endoscopy Correlation." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 9, no. 1 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1253.
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ABSTRACT A prospective study was conducted on 50 patients at the SGRD Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, suffering from paranasal sinus disease correlating the findings of computed tomography (CT) using Siemens SOMATOM Emotion 6 slice CT machine with diagnostic nasal endoscopy or functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Infection of the paranasal sinuses is very common. Surgical clearance of these chronically infected sinuses while maintaining their ventilation and drainage is the treatment of choice. To achieve this goal, there should be some diagnostic modality that guides us toward the exact diagnosis and safe intervention. Computed tomography proves to be the most reliable method of preoperative assessment of patients undergoing FESS as it delineates the extent of the disease and defines any anatomical variants and relationship of the sinuses with the surrounding important structures, thus providing a road map for sinus surgery. In our study, most patients were in the 3rd and 4th decades of their life with equal disease incidence in males and females. The most common sinus involved was anterior ethmoid sinus, while sphenoid sinus was the least commonly involved. The most common pattern of inflammation was sinonasal polyposis followed by osteomeatal unit pattern. On correlating CT diagnosis with the final diagnosis, chronic sinusitis had 86% sensitivity and 96.5% specificity. Polyps had sensitivity of 96.15% and specificity of 95.83%. Again for fungal sinusitis, CT had a lower sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 93.02%. For diagnosing benign and malignant lesions, CT had 100% sensitivity and specificity, which could be due to the small number of masses evaluated. This study proved that CT is the modality of choice for evaluating and planning the management of symptomatic patients of paranasal sinus pathologies. How to cite this article Rao K. Computed Tomography of Paranasal Sinus Pathologies with Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery/Nasal Endoscopy Correlation. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(1):1-5.
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Yogesh, Bandiahanapalya Narasappa, K. Manjunath, S. Akash Aradhya, Panchami ., and Ramya Ravindra Kamath. "Unilateral Sphenoidal Mucocele with Nasal Polyposis - A Typical Presentation." International Journal of Preclinical and Clinical Research 3, no. 1 (2022): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.51131/ijpccr/v3i1.22_13.
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Mucoceles of the sphenoid sinus act as benign lesions and can result in bony erosion from within its confinity of the sinus to the intracranial and orbital spaces 1. Disease restricted to the sphenoid sinus is rare and often manifests with nonspecific or subtle signs and symptoms. Early and accurate diagnosis of sphenoid sinus disease may thus be difficult. Otolaryngologists must have a thorough knowledge of the spectrum of sphenoid sinus disease and the radiologic characteristics to manage these patients properly 2. The increased use of endoscopy in routine examination and advances in techniques of imaging this area will result in the more frequent diagnosis of these lesions 3. We herewith report a 26-year, female patient, who presented with left-sided nasal obstruction with headache confined to the frontal and occipital region for 6 months. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy showed multiple, pale polyps filling the left nasal cavity with the normal right nasal cavity. Non-contrast Computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses showed, left pansinusitis with? left sphenoidal mucocele showing heterogeneous density. The patient underwent left Functional endoscopic sinus surgery with polypectomy. Intra-op showed fungal debris filling the sphenoid and polyps noted in the frontal, ethmoidal and maxillary sinus. KOH was positive for fungal elements. With regular follow up, no evidence of recurrence to date. Variable nonspecific symptoms and the complex anatomy of the sphenoid sinus tend to delay the diagnosis resulting in a poor prognosis. Keywords: Mucocele, Sphenoid, Polypoidal
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McMains, K. Christopher, and Stilianos E. Kountakis. "Revision Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Objective and Subjective Surgical Outcomes." American Journal of Rhinology 19, no. 4 (2005): 344–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194589240501900404.
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Background The aim of this study was to report objective and subjective outcomes after revision sinus surgery (RESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data in 125 patients requiring revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery after failing both maximum medical therapy and prior sinus surgery for CRS. Patients were seen and treated over a 3-year period (1999–2001) in a tertiary rhinology setting. Computed tomography (CT) scans were graded as per Lund-MacKay and patient symptom scores were recorded using the Sinonasal Outcome Test 20 (SNOT-20) instrument. Individual rhinosinusitis symptoms were evaluated on a visual analog scale (0–10) before and after surgery. All patients had a minimum 2-year follow-up. Results The mean number of prior sinus procedures was 1.9 ± 0.1 (range, 1–7) and the mean preoperative CT grade was 13.4 ± 0.7. Patients with asthma and polyposis had higher CT scores than those without these processes. Preoperative mean SNOT-20 and endoscopy scores were 30.7 ± 1.3 and 7.3 ± 0.4, respectively. At the 2-year follow-up, mean SNOT-20 and endoscopy scores improved to 7.7 ± 0.6 and 2.1 ± 0.4, respectively (p < 2.8 X 10-10). At 12-month follow-up, each individual symptom score decreased significantly. Overall, 10 patients failed RESS and required additional surgical intervention for an overall failure rate of 8.0%. All patients who failed RESS had nasal polyposis. Conclusion Revision functional endoscopic sinus surgery benefits patients that fail maximum medical therapy and prior sinus surgery for CRS by objective and subjective measures.
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Komatsu, Fuminari, Masaaki Imai, Hideaki Shigematsu, et al. "Endoscopic extradural supraorbital approach to the temporal pole and adjacent area: technical note." Journal of Neurosurgery 128, no. 6 (2018): 1873–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.3.jns162228.
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The authors’ initial experience with the endoscopic extradural supraorbital approach to the temporal pole and adjacent area is reported. Fully endoscopic surgery using the extradural space via a supraorbital keyhole was performed for tumors in or around the temporal pole, including temporal pole cavernous angioma, sphenoid ridge meningioma, and cavernous sinus pituitary adenoma, mainly using 4-mm, 0° and 30° endoscopes and single-shaft instruments. After making a supraorbital keyhole, a 4-mm, 30° endoscope was advanced into the extradural space of the anterior cranial fossa during lifting of the dura mater. Following identification of the sphenoid ridge, orbital roof, and anterior clinoid process, the bone lateral to the orbital roof was drilled off until the dura mater of the anterior aspect of the temporal lobe was exposed. The dura mater of the temporal lobe was incised and opened, exposing the temporal pole under a 4-mm, 0° endoscope. Tumors in or around the temporal pole were safely removed under a superb view through the extradural corridor. The endoscopic extradural supraorbital approach was technically feasible and safe. The anterior trajectory to the temporal pole using the extradural space under endoscopy provided excellent visibility, allowing minimally invasive surgery. Further surgical experience and development of specialized instruments would promote this approach as an alternative surgical option.
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Jaźwiec, Anna Maria, Benjamin Rechner, and Ewa Komorowska-Timek. "Endoscopy-Assisted Frontal Sinus Obliteration." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 29, no. 5 (2018): e513-e515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0000000000004562.
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Singla, Poonam, Ankit Gulati, Surender Singh, and Priya Malik. "To Compare the Results of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery with and without Microdebrider in Patients of Nasal Polyposis." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 7, no. 2 (2014): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1196.
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ABSTRACT Objective To compare the results in patients of nasal polyposis undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery with or without the use of microdebrider. Materials and methods The study was conducted on 40 patients of either sex in age group 15 to 60 years with nasal polyposis. They were divided into two groups (20 each), in group A microdebrider was used and in group B it was not used. Symptom scoring of each patient was done on the basis of nasal blockage, headache, olfactory disturbance, nasal discharge and trigeminal pressure pain. Similar scoring was followed for diagnostic endoscopy in which the scoring was done on the basis of extent of polyps, edema of middle turbinate and secretions in middle meatus. Both the left and right sides were examined and scored separately. Results The symptom and endoscopy scores were significantly higher (p < 0.02 and < 0.0001 respectively) in group B post-operatively on 14th day and after 3 months as compared to group A. Conclusion Microdebrider assisted endoscopic sinus surgery gives better results. How to cite this article Kakkar V, Sharma C, Singla P, Gulati A, Singh S, Malik P. To Compare the Results of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery with and without Microdebrider in Patients of Nasal Polyposis. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2014;7(2):61-63.
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Wojdas, Andrzej, and Roman Stablewski. "OWN EXPERIENCES IN THE APPLICATION OF INTRAOPERATIVE 3D SPATIAL IMAGING IN THE ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY OF THE PARANASAL SINUSES." Polish Journal of Aviation Medicine, Bioengineering and Psychology 26, no. 2 (2023): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.13174/pjambp.30.03.2023.02.
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Introduction: Intraoperative spatial imaging using a high-resolution 3D camera is a state-ofthe-art technique applied to endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery. It enables better visualization of the surgical site, improves depth perception and facilitates tissue identification. All 3D endoscopy capabilities are still under review. The purpose of this study is to compare analogous endoscopic surgeries performed with 3D technique and those performed with traditional 2D technique based on the analysis of length of surgery, blood loss, occurrence of intraoperative complications and hospital stay time. Material: The material included 346 patients who underwent endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery with unilateral or bilateral sinus opening. In case of 152 patients, corrective surgery of the nasal septum was additionally performed. The patients were divided into two groups (2D group and 3D group) comprising 173 patients each, who underwent paranasal sinus opening using 2D and 3D endoscopic visualization. Each group was divided into four subgroups: the first were patients after bilateral paranasal sinus surgery (PSS), the second were patients after bilateral endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery and nasal septal correction surgery (PSS+NS), the third were patients after unilateral paranasal sinus surgery (UPSS), and the fourth group was patients after unilateral endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery and nasal septum correction surgery (UPSS+NS). Methods: The surgery was carried out using a TipCam 3D endoscope from Storz (Germany), 18 mm in length, 4 mm in diameter, with 30° optics, with an integrated camera capable of transmitting 3D images, as well as classic 2D endoscopes, 16 mm in length, 4 mm in diameter and 30° optics, along with a video track and instrument set. Patients underwent unilateral or bilateral endoscopic surgery with opening of the maxillary sinuses, frontal sinuses, anterior and posterior ethmoid as well as corrective surgery of the nasal septum. Patients underwent unilateral or bilateral endoscopic surgery with opening of the maxillary sinuses, frontal sinuses, anterior and posterior ethmoid as well as corrective surgery of the nasal septum. Results: The length of surgery were as follows in the 2D group: 2D/PSS+NS group — 107 min. (±22); 2D/PSS group — 95 min (±24); 2D/UPSS+NS group — 68 min (±21); 2D/UPSS group — 53 min (±14); The length of surgery in the 3D group: 3D/PSS+NS group — 91 min. (±17); 3D/PSS group — 83 min (±20); 3D/UPSS+NS group — 69 min (±15); 2D/UPSS group — 49 min (±10); Among the complications were early and late postoperative bleeding, eyelid or orbital hematomas, and eyelid edema. There were 17 complications in the 2D group (9.82%), and 7 complications in the 3D group (4.05%). Conclusions: It was found that 3D endoscopic surgeries significantly reduced the length of surgery, especially in serious bilateral paranasal sinus surgeries. and influenced a decrease in perioperative complications. 3D endoscopic surgeries had no significant effect on the amount of blood loss and the length of the patient’s stay at the Clinic.
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Suzuki, J., T. Oshima, K. Watanabe, H. Suzuki, T. Kobayashi, and S. Hashimoto. "Chronic rhinosinusitis in ex-lepromatous leprosy patients with atrophic rhinitis." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 127, no. 3 (2013): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215113000030.
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AbstractAim:Rhino-sinus mucosal involvement is well documented in untreated lepromatous leprosy, but less understood in ex-leprosy patients (i.e. leprosy patients who have been treated and cured) with atrophic rhinitis.Materials and methods:Rhino-sinus abnormalities were investigated in 13 ex-lepromatous leprosy patients with atrophic rhinitis, using interviews enquiring about sinonasal symptoms, nasal endoscopy, nasal swab culture and computed tomography. Endoscopic sinus surgery had been performed in three patients. The clinical course, computed tomography findings and nasal biopsy results of these three patients were evaluated.Results:All patients had turbinate atrophy and 6 of the 13 (46.2 per cent) had septal perforation. Paranasal sinus involvement was noted in 9 of 12 examined patients (75 per cent). The most commonly affected sinus was the maxillary sinus (in 8 of 12; 66.7 per cent). All three patients treated by endoscopic sinus surgery experienced relapse and required further surgery. Maxillary sinus irrigation was effective for reduction of persistent symptoms such as postnasal discharge and crusts.Conclusion:Ex-lepromatous leprosy patients with atrophic rhinitis had various rhino-sinus abnormalities and persistent symptoms. These patients had chronic rhinosinusitis because of underlying atrophic rhinitis. These patients required repeated otolaryngological observations together with combined surgery and conservative treatment.
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Jiang, Rong-San, Kai-Li Liang, Jinq-Wen Jang, and Chen-Yi Hsu. "Bacteriology of endoscopically normal maxillary sinuses." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 113, no. 9 (1999): 825–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100145311.
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AbstractThe bacteriology of maxillary sinuses with normal endoscopic findings is reported in this study. When transantral sinoscopy was used to examine the maxillary sinuses, the whole maxillary sinus was inspected with different-angle endoscopes. If no lesion was seen over the whole maxillary sinus mucosa, no secretion existed in the maxillary sinus cavity, and the maxillary sinus ostium was wide open, the maxillary sinus was considered endoscopically normal. The bacteriology of these endoscopically normal maxillary sinuses was studied by passing cotton-tipped sticks through the cannula to collect swab specimens. In some cases, a biopsy forceps was also passed to obtain mucosal specimens. The specimens were sent to the laboratory for aerobic and anaerobic cultures. Between July 1990 and May 1998, 83 swab and 31 mucosal specimens were collected from 69 patients who had not taken any antibiotic within 10 days before endoscopy. The culture rates were 62.3 per cent (35/53) from swab specimens and 57.1 per cent (eight out of 14) from mucosal specimens in patients with the diagnosis of chronic paranasal sinusitis, and were 46.7 per cent (14/30) from swab specimens and 41. 2 per cent (seven out of 17) from mucosal specimens in patients without this diagnosis. This study shows that endoscopically normal maxillary sinuses are not sterile.
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Li, H., X. Zhang, Y. Song, T. Wang, and G. Tan. "Effects of functional endoscopic sinus surgery on chronic rhinosinusitis resistant to medication." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 128, no. 11 (2014): 976–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221511400228x.
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AbstractObjective:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of functional endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who were unresponsive to medical treatment.Methods:A total of 232 patients were divided into 2 groups: a functional endoscopic sinus surgery group (n = 162) and a conservative therapy group (n = 70). Efficacy was assessed in terms of Lund–Kennedy endoscopy scores and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 symptom scores.Results:In the functional endoscopic sinus surgery group, Lund–Kennedy and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 scores were significantly lower at 3, 6 and 12 months post-surgery compared with baseline scores. In the conservative therapy group, both sets of scores were significantly lower at 3 months, but not at 12 months. In this latter group, the Lund–Kennedy scores decreased only slightly and the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 20 scores significantly decreased at six months compared with initial scores, indicating disparity between the subjective and objective measures. Patient-reported symptom improvement was better in the functional endoscopic sinus surgery group than in the medication group at 12 months (p < 0.001).Conclusion:These findings suggest that functional endoscopic sinus surgery has better efficacy over a longer period compared with conservative therapy.
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Caballero García, Joel, Adolfo Michel Giol Álvarez, Iosmill Morales Pérez, Nélido Gonzales Gonzales, Adolfo Hidalgo Gonzáles, and Peggys Oleidis Cruz Perez. "Endoscopic Treatment of Sphenoid Sinus Mucocele: Case Report and Surgical Considerations." Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7567838.
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Introduction. The paranasal sinuses mucoceles are benign expansive cystic lesions that occur rarely in the sphenoid sinus and contain mucous material enclosed by cylindrical pseudostratified epithelium. Objective. To report one case of sphenoid sinus mucocele that occurred with headache and was submitted to surgical treatment through endonasal endoscopy approach. Case Report. 59-year-old male patient with history of increasing frontoorbital, bilateral, fluctuating headache and exophthalmos. There was no other associated clinical abnormality. Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) scans confirmed an expansive mass of sphenoid sinus, suggesting mucocele. The patient was submitted to endonasal endoscopic surgery with posterior ethmoidotomy, large sphenoidotomy, and marsupialization of the lesion. Conclusion. Mucoceles of the sphenoid sinus are a very rare condition with variable clinical and radiological presentation. Surgical treatment is absolutely indicated and early treatment avoids visual damage that can be permanent. Endonasal endoscopic approach with drainage and marsupialization of sphenoid sinus, using a transnasal corridor, is a safe and effective treatment modality.
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Sharath Babu, K., and R. Shankar. "Surgical outcome comparison between endoscopic septoplasty and conventional septoplasty among patients with nasal septal deviation." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 3 (2020): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20200624.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> When compared with standard head light technique, endoscopic septoplasty provides important advantages which include adequate visualization, room for instrumentation during functional endoscopic sinus surgery, access to para nasal sinuses and for other surgeries like trans-septal approach to the sphenoid sinus, visualization and stoppage of post-nasal bleeds. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the surgical outcome between endoscopic septoplasty and conventional septoplasty techniques in terms of anatomical correction and its complications.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective clinical study was conducted on hundred patients with nasal obstruction. Group A patients (n=50) underwent conventional septoplasty and group B (n=50) patients were operated by endoscopic septoplasty technique. Patients were subjected to diagnostic nasal endoscopy examination before and after surgery. Post-operative complications like trauma to lateral wall of nose, injury to cribriform plate, post-operative epistaxis, post-operative septal hematoma and septal abscess if occurred were noted. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Post-operatively diagnostic nasal endoscopy results show that there was a statistically significant improvement in endoscopic septoplasty group compared to conventional septoplasty and similarly the mean nasal obstruction symptom evaluation score. The most common post-operative complications which were occurred are synechiae and septal perforation and both these complications were more common among the conventional septoplasty group and the difference was found to be statistically significant.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The study showed a better surgical outcome with a lesser complication among the endoscopic septoplasty as compared to conventional septoplasty. The only disadvantage of using endoscopic septoplasty was of binocular vision and repeated cleaning of the endoscope.</p>
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Kennedy, David W., and S. James Zinreich. "The Functional Endoscopic Approach to Inflammatory Sinus Disease: Current Perspectives and Technique Modifications." American Journal of Rhinology 2, no. 3 (1988): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065888781693078.
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Endoscopic examination and pleuridirectional polytomography provided some important insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory sinus disease. These insights have been further refined by the increasing utilization of endoscopy in medical therapy and surgical follow-up, and by the use of computed tomography for diagnosis. The aim of this paper is to review the current status of the diagnosis of chronic inflammatory sinus disease and of functional endoscopic surgical techniques. The impact of this approach on previously held theoretical and diagnostic concepts is evaluated. Technical modifications made since the surgery was first introduced in the United States and the lessons learned from close postsurgical endoscopic examination are presented.
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Plantier, Diogo Barreto, Fábio de Rezende Pinna, Mary Anne Kowal Olm, Rodrigo Athanázio, Renata Ribeiro de Mendonça Pilan, and Richard Louis Voegels. "Outcomes of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Adults with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 27, no. 03 (2023): e423-e427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1746193.
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Abstract Introduction Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare inherited disease associated with impairment of mucociliary transport and, consequently, with a high incidence of chronic rhinosinusitis. For patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who remain symptomatic despite medical treatment, endoscopic sinus surgery is a safe and effective therapeutic option. However, to date, no studies have been found evaluating the effect of surgery on the quality of life associated with the effect on olfaction and nasal endoscopy findings of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia and chronic rhinosinusitis. Objective To describe the effect of endoscopic sinus surgery on the quality of life, on olfaction, and on nasal endoscopy findings of adults with PCD and chronic rhinosinusitis. Methods Four patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were included. The Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) score, the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire, and the Lund-Kennedy score were collected preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. The olfaction as assessed with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), which was administered preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Results A total of 4 patients with a mean age of 39.3 years old (3 men and 1 woman) completed the study. All patients showed clinically significant improvement in the SNOT-22, NOSE, and Lund-Kennedy scores at 3 months postoperatively, and this improvement was sustained throughout the follow-up period. However, olfaction did not improve after surgery. Conclusion The endoscopic sinus surgery treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in adults with PCD was associated with improvement in quality of life and endoscopic findings. However, no improvement in olfaction was demonstrated. Studies with a larger number of patients and control groups should help confirm these findings.
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Seiberling, K. A., C. A. Church, M. Tewfik, et al. "Canine fossa trephine is a beneficial procedure in patients with Samter`s triad." Rhinology journal 50, no. 1 (2012): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino11.117.
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Background: Canine fossa trephine (CFT) is an adjunctive technique to sinus surgery in patients with recalcitrant maxillary sinusitis. CFT allows for disease clearance in areas of the maxillary sinus that are hard to reach with standard endoscopic techniques. The objective of this study was to compare the surgical outcome of CFT to standard middle meatal antrostomy (MMA) in matched patients with the severely diseased maxillary sinus. Study design: Prospective clinical study Methods: Patients undergoing sinus surgery were enrolled in either the CFT or MMA group. All patients had nasal polyps, Lund Mackay score of 2 in the maxillary sinus, and nasal endoscopy showing the maxillary sinus full of polyps. The patients were followed and the maxillary sinus was graded endoscopically at 3, 6 and 12 months after the surgery. Length of surgery, disease recurrence and need for revision surgery was documented. Results: Forty-two CFTs and MMA were performed in each group. At 6 and 12 months the CFT group demonstrated statistically significant improvement in nasal endoscopy scores. Six patients recurred by the one year mark in the MMA group, 4 of which underwent revision surgery. In the CFT group 2 patients recurred, one who underwent a unilateral revision CFT. Furthermore the CFT did not prolong the surgical time and was often faster than performing a MMA. Conclusion: CFT allows for clearance of all gross disease in the maxillary sinus and appears to improve postoperative outcome at 6 and 12 months and decrease the need for revision surgery.
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Jagade, Mohan, Aseem Mishra, Saurabh Agarwal, VG Kasbekar, Vandana Thorawade, and Shreyas Joshi. "Sphenochoanal Polyp." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 6, no. 1 (2013): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1150.
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ABSTRACT Nasal polyps are mostly referred to antrochoanal polyps and a sphenoid polyp is as such a rare entity. Computerized tomography and nasal endoscopy have contributed to an increase of accuracy in the diagnosis of these masses. Simple polypectomy that leaves some part of the polyp inside the sphenoid sinus carries a high risk of recurrence. Destructive external approaches to gain access to the sphenoid sinus are also not advisable in children for a benign disease. We present here a case of sphenochoanal polyp arising from right side sphenoid sinus. The sphenoid sinus disease is very rare and can be well-managed with endoscopic sinus surgery. How to cite this article Agarwal S, Mishra A, Jagade M, Kasbekar VG, Thorawade V, Joshi S. Sphenochoanal Polyp. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(1):54-55.
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Bolger, William E., and Winston C. Vaughan. "Catheter-Based Dilation of the Sinus Ostia: Initial Safety and Feasibility Analysis in a Cadaver Model." American Journal of Rhinology 20, no. 3 (2006): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajr.2006.20.2868.
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Background Over the past 20 years, many patients have benefited from endoscopic sinus surgery and its ability to relieve sinus obstruction. However, problems still occur with surgery, thereby leaving room for innovation. Recently, catheter-based technology has provided new options for treating cardiac, vascular, and urologic diseases. We speculated that catheter technology also might offer new treatment options for sinusitis patients. The purpose of this investigation was to explore the feasibility and safety of catheter-based technology to relieve sinus ostial obstruction. Methods Anatomic models and human cadaver specimens were used initially to design and iterate catheters to open sinus ostial drainage pathways. Thereafter, the safety of balloon-catheter dilation was evaluated in six human cadaver heads. CT scan obtained before and after catheter ostial dilation was analyzed for evidence of catheter-induced trauma. Dilated ostia also were examined by endoscopy and gross anatomic dissection for unwanted catheter-induced trauma. Results Catheters successfully dilated 31 of 31 ostia, including 9 maxillary, 11 sphenoid, and 11 frontal ostia/recesses. CT scan, endoscopy, and gross anatomic dissection revealed that such dilation did not cause trauma to surrounding structures such as the orbit or skull base. Mucosal trauma imparted by catheter dilation appeared to be less than that normally seen with standard endoscopic instruments. Conclusion This initial study suggests that catheter technology can be used to dilate sinus ostia safely. Mucosal preservation and ease of use make catheters an attractive minimally invasive treatment strategy. Additional testing in patients is indicated to gain additional safety information and to explore the usefulness of catheter-based technology.
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Bellad, Shama A., N. Manjunath, and Shilpa Ravi. "Comparison between microdebrider assisted surgery and the conventional methods in the surgical treatment of nasal polyps." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 1 (2018): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20185305.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Microdebrider is emerging as a convenient tool for various ENT surgeries that helps in easier disease clearance and reduced morbidity. Though it requires some surgical expertise initially to master the skill of handling it, it is worth procuring and using in endoscopic sinus surgery. The present study was conducted to compare the microdebrider assisted endoscopic surgery and conventional methods using sinus endoscopes in the surgical management of nasal polyps.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 30 patients diagnosed with nasal polyposis between the age group of 5 to 60 were equally randomized into 2 surgical groups- powered endoscopic sinus surgery group and conventional endoscopic sinus surgery group with 15 patients in each group. The study aimed at comparing the intra operative (blood loss, duration of surgery) and post operative results (crusting, scarring, discharge, symptoms, recurrence) between the two groups using Lund–Mackay scoring system and visual analogue scale. The data was statistically analysed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A significant statistical evidence for a shorter operative time, dryness of the field, better surgical conditions and improved VAS scoring at 3 and 6 months postoperatively was observed in the powered endoscopy group than using conventional techniques.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The use of microdebrider in endoscopic sinus surgery has the advantage of complete clearance of disease, smoother intra operative course and better post operative healing when compared to conventional instruments in the treatment of nasal polyps.</p><p> </p>