Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sistemas emergentes'
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López, Pavez Priscila Karen. "Comparativa de Tecnologías Emergentes de Acceso a Redes Móviles y Fijas." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104813.
Full textMilanezi, Junior Jayme. "Predição espacial temporal de sistemas elétricos de potência incluindo fontes renováveis emergentes." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2014. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/16515.
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A atividade de planejamento de sistemas de potência inclui, como um de seus maiores desafios, a predicação do comportamento da carga. Com a finalidade de otimizar oinvestimento ante os dados de consumo, as empresas do setor elétrico lançam mão de várias técnicas de previsão da evolução da demanda que devem atender. No presente trabalho, o tema da predição espacial e temporal da carga é enfrentado, estudando e incorporando, simultaneamente, a tendência hoje já observada de inclusão de fonte sem microgeração distribuída. Três fontes renováveis e emergentes de geração foram consideradas como geradoras de energia pelos consumidores: enguias elétricas, painéis fotovoltaicos para aproveitamento da luz solar e de interiores, e antenas para reciclagemda energia existente nas ondas eletromagnéticas de radiodifusão. Quatro métodos preditivos foram empregados para prever o comportamento da carga: modelo Auto-Regressivo (AR), Auto-Regressivo com Variável eXógena (ARX), Auto-Regressivo deMédia Móvel com Variável eXógena (ARMAX) e Redes Neurais Artificiais (ANN). Os dados de consumo foram as máximas demandas semanais registradas em 8 Subestações da cidade de Leipzig (Saxônia, Alemanha), durante os anos de 2001, 2002, 2003 e 2004.O dado exôgeno considerado foi a temperatura, em valores diretos e logarítmicos. Das 209 semanas existentes entre 2001 e 2004, as 200 primeiras destinaram-se ao ajuste dos coeficientes nos modelos AR e ao treinamento da rede neural; as 9 semanas restantesforam destinadas à comparação de resultados. A aplicação das técnicas deu-se, assim,em dois estágios: no primeiro, os dados reais da rede de Leipzig foram considerados, eno segundo estágio trabalhou-se com novos valores de demandas máximas, originadaspela inserção de valores hipotéticos de energia recebida das três fontes citadas. Emambos os estágios, o modelo ARMAX foi o de melhor precisão na previsão de dados.O sistema de redes neurais demonstrou ser um sistema sub-ótimo de previsão. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Power systems planning activities include load behavior prediction as one of its mostchallenging tasks. In order to optmize investments related to consumption data, utilitiesfrom the Electrical Sector resort to several forecasting techniques so that theycan predict the power demand which these utilities must support. Along the presentwork, issues related to the spatial and temporal predictions are faced, considering,simultaneously, the observed trend of microgeneration spread. Three emergent renewablesources were proposed to be taken on by consumers: electric eels, photovoltaicsolar panels for outdoor generation and indoor light energy harvesting, and antennasfor radio frequency energy recycling. Four predictive methods were employed in orderto forecast load evolution: Auto-Regressive (AR), Auto-Regressive with eXogeneousinputs (ARX), Auto-Regressive Moving Average with eXogeneous inputs (ARMAX)models and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Consumption data were the maximumweekly power demands registered over 8 Power Substations from the city of Leipzig(Saxony, Germany), during the years 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004. The exogeneousvariable adopted was temperature, in realistic and in logarithmic values. During the209 weeks which are comprised between 2001 and 2004, the _rst 200 weeks served tocoe_cients adjustments, with regards to AR models, and the trainning of the neuralnetwork, in the case of ANN. The last 9 weeks were destinated for results comparison.Techniques were undertaken in two stages: _rstly, only realistic data from LeipzigSubstations were considered, and in the second stage, new values for maximum powerdemands were obtained by means of simulations upon the three emergent sources. Inboth stages, ARMAX model returned the _ttest results, whereas ANN characterizeditself as a sub-optimal prediction system.
Durce, Carolina Corrêa. "Normalização complexa e cálculo de fluxo de potência para sistemas elétricos emergentes." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/29271.
Full textBatista, Rita Pimentel. "Competências emergentes para profissionais de SI/TI : uma revisão da literatura." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21077.
Full textNo atual contexto da 4ª Revolução Industrial, muitas têm sido as mudanças que se têm feito sentir de forma transversal. Um dos setores mais afetados pelo dinamismo e evolução tecnológica tem sido o dos Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação. O impacto faz-se sentir, sobretudo, sobre o capital humano que se tem mostrado escasso ou desajustado face à procura. Assim, surge o presente estudo, que com base numa revisão sistemática da literatura, procura analisar e sintetizar quais as competências necessárias aos profissionais do ramo das SI/TI. Recorrendo ao método PRISMA, foram retirados 376 artigos, publicados entre 1980 e 2020, de 3 bases de dados diferentes. Os resultados foram depois agrupados de acordo com a Framework P21. A análise mostra que existe uma grande diversidade de competências sugeridas pelos autores. Por fim, a análise da evolução das competências ao longo das décadas estudadas revelou que a Literacia ICT está presente em todas as décadas, reforçando por um lado o seu carácter intemporal, e por outro a contínua necessidade de competências tecnológicas por parte dos profissionais de SI/TI. Este estudo vem auxiliar aquela que é considerada uma das tarefas mais desafiantes para as organizações, na identificação do conjunto de competências mais relevantes aos profissionais das áreas tecnológicas. Por outro lado, confere uma visão agregadora e objetiva dos contributos anteriores.
In the current setting of the 4th Industrial Revolution, numerous progressions and advancements have been felt in a cross-over manner. One of the areas generally influenced by the dynamism and technological evolution has been Information Systems and Information Technologies (IS/IT). The effect is felt, most importantly, on human resources that have demonstrated itself to be scarce or maladjusted to the demand. Subsequently, this investigation, based on a systematic review of the literature, looks to analyze and synthesize what skills are required by IS/IT experts. Using the PRISMA approach, 376 articles, published between 1980 and 2020, were taken from 3 different databases. The results were then gathered by Framework P21. The investigation shows that there is an extraordinary variety of skills recommended by the authors. At last, the examination of skills' development throughout the decades revealed that ICT Literacy is available in all of them, reenforcing its timeless atmosphere, and the continuous need of technological skills by IS/IT professionals. This study provides with what is considered as one of the most challenging tasks for organizations in the implementation of skills set most relevant to professionals in the technological areas. Then again, it gives a collected and target perspective on the past commitments, assembling the discussion in this research area.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Giordano, Carlos Vital. "Um estudo sobre o impacto de tecnologias emergentes: o caso das etiquetas de rádio freqüência na gestão da cadeia de suprimentos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1213.
Full textThe present research aims to study the benefits that could be possible by using the technology supported by radio frequency for identification purposes. The RFID (radio frequency identification) allows the manufacturing the identification tags (smart labels) whose, accordingly fixed in products, boxes, and even in pallets, induct starting sensible modifications in organizations management supply chain, since supported by integrated information systems, both internal and external. The method used was the case study, supported by the creation of some question matrixes used for semi-structured interviews and questions applied on professionals working on development and implementation of fundamental solutions in this core technology, on the environment of relationships involving supply among companies. Initially were identified the contributions brought by companies where interviewed subjects works, for solution of the context studied. Following, the systemic and optimized operational stages were determined for the implementation of those considered more satisfactory ones, considering the quantitative analysis results. The conclusion demonstrates the existence of strong evidences concerning investment returns and operational success, as well as strong evidences on improvement of strategic level, further good evidences of improvements on management level. The results emphasized that, besides the slow evolution at moment, the recommended insertion of technology is mandatory and irreversible, when dissemination will occur. Further, strong similarity was encountered related to development and dissemination of bar code technology, on the supply chain context
Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo estudar as melhorias possibilitadas por uma tecnologia que utiliza como base de funcionamento a rádio freqüência, com propósitos de identificação. A RFID (radio frequency identification, identificação por rádio freqüência), permite a manufatura de tags (etiquetas), que devidamente colocadas em itens, caixas ou paletes servem de componente iniciador de sensíveis alterações na gestão da cadeia de suprimentos de produtos das organizações, desde que corretamente suportadas pelos sistemas de informações integrados, tanto internos como externos à empresa. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o estudo de caso, tendo como suporte a criação de matrizes de questionamentos utilizadas para entrevistas semiestruturadas e questionários aplicados a profissionais que trabalham em desenvolvimento e implementação de soluções fundamentadas na tecnologia foco, no ambiente das relações envolvendo suprimentos entre empresas. Foram identificadas inicialmente as colaborações da empresa dos entrevistados nas soluções para o contexto estudado. A seguir foram determinadas as etapas sistêmicas e operacionais otimizadas para as implementações das soluções entendidas como as mais satisfatórias, considerando a efetivação da análise em termos qualitativos. A conclusão mostra que há fortes evidências de retornos e de sucesso no nível operacional, que há fortes evidências de melhorias no nível estratégico e que há boas evidências de melhoramentos no nível gerencial. Realçam os resultados, a preconização de que a inclusão da tecnologia no ambiente estudado, apesar de no momento se encontrar em compasso lento, é mandatória, iminente e de características irreversíveis quando acontecer sua disseminação, encontrando ainda, semelhanças acentuadas aos passos dados durante o aparecimento e a consolidação do código de barras no contexto da cadeia de suprimentos
Berger, Luiz Marcelo. "Um modelo baseado em agentes para estudo das propriedades emergentes decorrentes da aplicação da lei penal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/13831.
Full textAgent based models are considered a milestone in social sciences research mainly because it´s random behavior allows a variety of analysis that were impossible to make due to complexity constraints. The term complexity usually derives from a large number of interacting and dynamic variables which cannot be considered singularly, in order to keep the whole system attributes intact. For that matter, a systemic approach of analysis is required not only to keep this information within the framework of the system, but also to get the emergent properties that come along with the interaction, not observable singling out one or another factor. Considering these very specific characteristics an agent based model, or multiagent system turns to be a more suitable analysis than analytic counterparts due to its very particular capability to deal simultaneously with a large number of random variables. This research work develops an agent based model to study the emergent properties due to public enforcement of criminal law. In order to build a model of criminal behavior suitable to the project, well known theories about crime were taken in consideration, including Shavell and Polinsky (2000), Shavell (2004), Becker (1968), Cohen and Felson(1979) and Clarke (1995). The construct derived from the analysis is a model based on three interacting agents and the environment, namely: citizen-opportunity-state-environment (offender-victim-public enforcement of law-environment). These interacting agents have the ability to define the boundaries of any given offence, regardless the kind, being capable to cope with from a simple misdemeanor (e.g. a traffic violation) to a felony (e.g. a capital murder). Particularly, the citizen-agent behavior has been modeled according to Becker’s (1968) Crime and Punishment seminal work. These remarks explains why originally the term citizen has been used in first place, and not offender. Rational Choice theory says that anyone can be an offender, depending on certain conditions. The State performance regarding its economic impact in terms of the public enforcement of criminal law is seen through the lenses of Shavell and Polinsky’s theory (2000). The opportunity and environment agents’ behavior are mainly based on Cohen and Felson’s Routine Activity Theory (1979) and Clarke’s Rational Choice Theory (1995). The model was implemented using NetLogo 3.1.4 platform (WILENSKY,1999). The simulation program provides a wide range of dynamic options making it very easy to perform any kind of test in order to assess the behavior of a given criminal rule in its dynamic operation. Validation and experimental tests were performed. The resulting responses were very consistent with the theoretical basis on which de model was based on.
Jesus, Pedro Alexandre Carocinho. "Modelos emergentes de utilização sustentável dos recursos dos sistemas agrosilvopastoris mediterraneaos. Estudo do turismo rural no Concelho de Mértola." Bachelor's thesis, ISA, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19021.
Full textGonzález, López Alba. "Diseño y desarrollo de sistemas microfluídicos automáticos para la determinación de contaminantes de interés ambiental." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666273.
Full text[cat] La presència creixent de contaminants en el medi s’ha convertit en un motiu de preocupació per la societat. En aquest sentit, l’anàlisi de l’agua és essencial, per la qual cosa és important desenvolupar metodologies analítiques eficients, ràpides i econòmiques, que a més tenguin en compte l’impacte ambiental i la seguretat de l’analista. Generalment, les mostres mediambientals no es poden analitzar de manera directa, a causa de la complexitat de les matrius o de les baixes concentracions dels analits. Per això, sol ser necessària una etapa de tractament de la mostra prèvia a la determinació dels composts d’interès. La tendència actual es dirigeix cap a l’ús de les tècniques de microextracció, que disminueixen el consum de reactius i mostra. No obstant, realitzar aquestes tècniques manualment segueix resultant llarg i costós. En conseqüència, es tendeix cada vegada més a la seva automatització, obtenint mètodes més precisos, ràpids i econòmics. A més, la versatilitat d’aquests sistemes automatitzats permet el seu ús combinat amb una gran quantitat de tècniques de separació que possibiliten la determinació selectiva dels analits, com és el cas de la cromatografia. En la present tesi s’han desenvolupat diferents metodologies basades en les tècniques d’anàlisi en flux i la cromatografia per a la determinació de paràmetres d’interès ambiental en aigües. Per un costat, s’han quantificat composts fenòlics llistats com a contaminants prioritaris per l’Agència de Protecció Ambiental dels Estats Units (US-EPA). Per altra banda, s’han dissenyat sistemes per a la determinació de diversos estrògens catalogats com a contaminants emergents per la US-EPA degut a les seves característiques com a disruptors endocrins. Tots els procediments analítics proposats proporcionen una elevada reproductibilitat, precisió i sensibilitat, a la vegada que ofereixen una important reducció dels volums de reactius i mostra necessaris, per la qual cosa són més sostenibles, així com una millora del temps i cost per anàlisi, comparats amb els mètodes manuals tradicionals. A continuació, apareixen llistats els treballs inclosos en aquesta tesi: 1. Un analitzador completament automatitzat, compacte i de baix cost, basat en l’acoblament de la microextracció líquid-líquid dispersiva en xeringa (in-syringe-MSA-DLLME) amb la cromatografia multixeringa (MSC), per a la extracció, preconcentració, separació i quantificació de sis composts fenòlics (fenol, 2-nitrofenol, 4-nitrofenol, 2-clorofenol, 2,4-diclorofenol, 2,4,6-triclorofenol). 2. Un sistema in-syringe-MSA-DLLME per a la preconcentració de quatre estrògens en aigües residuals (estrona, 17β-estradiol, 17α-etinilestradiol, estriol). Les característiques del mètode desenvolupat han permès la injecció directa de l’extracte en un cromatògraf de gasos, disminuint així el temps necessari per dur a terme el pretractament de la mostra. 3. Un sistema in-syringe magnetic D-μ-SPE per a la preconcentració de tres estrògens en aigües residuals (estrona, 17β-estradiol, 17α-etinilestradiol) prèvia a la seva detecció per GC-MS, en el qual s’empren microcarbons magnètics com a fase sòlida., sintetitzats a partir de la combustió directa de cristalls de ZIF-67, un subtipus de materials cristal·lins amb estructures metall-orgàniques (MOFs). 4. Un mètode per a l’extracció de quatre estrògens en aigua de mar (estrona, 17β-estradiol, 17α-etinilestradiol, estriol) basat en el desenvolupament d’un sistema SIA-LOV, el qual proporciona un alt grau d’automatització al pretractament de les mostres ja que tant l’extracció com la renovació de la resina tenen lloc de manera automàtica, seguit de la derivatització de l’extracte dins l’injector del cromatògraf (in-port derivatization), amb la qual cosa es redueix el consum d’agents de derivatització i el temps necessari perquè la reacció es dugui a terme, i la posterior separació i quantificació dels analits mitjançant la tècnica LVI-PTV.
[eng] The growing presence of pollutants in the environment has become a social concern. In this sense, water monitoring is essential; hence it is important to develop efficient, rapid and low-cost analytical methodologies which also take into account the environmental impact and the analyst safety. Generally, environmental samples cannot be directly analyzed, due to the complexity of the matrices or the low concentrations of the analytes. Therefore, a stage of sample treatment prior to the determination of the compounds of interest is needed. Currently there is a trend towards the use of microextraction techniques, which reduce reagents and samples consumption. However, performing these techniques manually is still costly and time-consuming. Thus, the automation of sample pretreatment is a good approach to achieve efficient and fast analytical methods. In addition, the versatility of these automated systems allows their combination with a large number of separation techniques, such as chromatography, which enables the selective determination of analytes. In the present thesis, different methodologies based on flow analysis and chromatographic techniques have been developed for the determination of parameters of environmental interest in water samples. On the one hand, several phenolic compounds listed as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) have been quantified. On the other hand, different systems have been designed for the determination of estrogenic compounds, which are catalogued as emerging pollutants by the US-EPA due to their characteristics as endocrine disruptors. All the proposed procedures provide high reproducibility, accuracy and sensitivity, while offering a significant reduction in the volumes of reagents and sample needed, resulting in more sustainable methods than the traditional manual ones and in an improvement in time and cost per analysis. The works included in this thesis are listed below: 1. A fully automated, compact and low-cost analyzer, based on the coupling of the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (in-syringe-MSA-DLLME) with multisyringe chromatography (MSC), for the extraction, preconcentration, separation and quantification of six phenolic compounds (phenol, 2-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol). 2. An in-syringe-MSA-DLLME system for the preconcentration of four estrogens (estrone, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol and estriol) in wastewater samples. The characteristics of the developed method have allowed the direct injection of the extract into a gas chromatograph, thus decreasing the time necessary for the sample pretreatment. 3. An in-syringe magnetic D-μ-SPE system for the preconcentration of three estrogens (estrone, 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethinylestradiol) in wastewater samples prior their detection by GC-MS, in which magnetic carbon microparticles synthesized from the direct combustion of ZIF-67 crystals, a subtype of crystalline materials with metal-organic structures (MOFs), are used as solid phase. 4. A method for the extraction of four estrogens (estrone, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol and estriol) in seawater samples, based on the development of a SIA-LOV system, which provides a high degree of automation to the samples pretreatment since both the extraction and the renewal of the resin are performed automatically, followed by the on-line derivatization of the extract (in-port derivatization), which decreases the derivatization agents consumption and the reaction time, and the subsequent quantification of the analytes using the LVI-PTV technique.
Marques, José. "Bases de dados emergentes: hiper-dimensão, dados não estruturados, alta performance." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/15183.
Full textRodrigues, Lia Carrari. "Análise de redes sociais em comunidades virtuais emergentes de jogos on-line por meio de coleta de dados automatizada." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2009. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/2756.
Full textFundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
The current worldwide popularity of on-line games has resulted in the formation of virtual communities with hundreds of people. This is due to the daily interaction of people in games called Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs). These communities are culturally diverse and permeated by social ties estabilished through different ways in the game s virtual world. The present research held a study on the communities found in World of Warcraft through social network analysis. The goal of this approach was to define a typology of social ties and study the behavioural patterns related to the structure of these networks. This involved the construction of an efficient data collecting system, as well as analysis tools. That particular methodology verified that this kind of organization can be characterized as an emergent adaptive complex system. To that end, different theories were utilized, such as graph theory, Kohonen networks algebra and software engineering.
Atualmente a popularidade mundial de jogos on-line tem resultado na formação de comunidades virtuais com centenas de pessoas. Isso se deve à interação diária das pessoas em jogos chamados Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs). Estas comunidades são culturalmente diversificadas e permeadas por laços sociais estabelecidos de diferentes maneiras no ambiente virtual do jogo. A presente pesquisa realizou um estudo de comunidades do jogo World of Warcraft por meio da abordagem da análise de redes sociais. O intuito desta abordagem foi definir uma tipologia de laços sociais e estudar padrões de comportamento vinculados à estrutura destas. Isso envolveu a construção de um sistema de coleta de dados eficiente desta rede, assim como ferramentas de análise. Com esta metodologia, verificou-se que este tipo de organização pode ser caracterizada como um sistema complexo adaptativo emergente. Para isso, foram utilizadas diferentes teorias, como a teoria dos grafos, redes de Kohonen, álgebra e engenharia de software.
Ozuna, López César. "Estudio de la aplicación de ultrasonidos de alta intensidad en sistemas sólido-líquido y sólido-gas. Influencia en la cinética de transporte de materia y en la estructura de los productos." Doctoral thesis, Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/34779.
Full textOzuna López, C. (2013). Estudio de la aplicación de ultrasonidos de alta intensidad en sistemas sólido-líquido y sólido-gas. Influencia en la cinética de transporte de materia y en la estructura de los productos [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/34779
Alfresco
Silva, Tiago Barros Pontes e. "Morfogênese : sistema autopoiético emergente de vida artificial." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2014. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/15454.
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Dos sistemas complexos que nos circundam emergem padrões não previstos que organizam nossas cidades, nossas comunicações, a sociedade e a vida como um todo. A influência de um indivíduo em tais padrões não pode ser dimensionada no nível micro de suas ações, pois seus efeitos são incrementos de relações programadas que orientam a construção das abstrações emergentes. Assim surge a proposta poética da Morfogênese, que versa sobre a imprevisibilidade dos desdobramentos de nossas ações frente à complexidade dos sistemas que nos contornam. Sua poética é voltada para uma transposição dos padrões emergentes dos sistemas vivos para um contexto metafórico de composição das imagens, como se fosse possível observar em um microscópio as células vivas de toda imagem brigando para impor suas formas, cores e sons. Ela consiste em uma poética proposta enquanto arte computacional evolutiva, que utiliza um sistema adaptativo complexo multiagentes, constituído por algoritmos genéticos e inteligência artificial em enxame, para gerar comportamentos de locomoção, alimentação, confronto e reprodução, assim como interações mais complexas, como a colaboração ou a submissão. Todos esses comportamentos são programados no âmbito dos indivíduos, dos quais emergem os macro padrões de comportamento dos grupos, importantes para a sua adaptação e manutenção no tempo, simulando-se o processo evolutivo. Ao longo do relato são apresentados outros projetos que serviram como inspiração conceitual, estrutural e formal para o trabalho proposto. Também é discutido o seu processo de concepção, assim como são exibidos alguns de seus arranjos, as situações de comportamentos emergentes identificados e as experiências com os interatores nas exposições realizadas. Ao final, é realizada uma discussão sobre os seus extratos de significação. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Unpredictable patterns emerge from the systems that embrace us. They organize our cities, communications, society and our lives as a whole. The micro level of individual´s actions cannot be used as a measure of their influence in such systems. Their behavior result from the incremental programmed relations that guide the construction of the emerging abstractions. In this context it is presented the Morphogenesis, which comprehends the unpredictability of our actions facing the complexity of our surrounding systems. This poetic approaches the emerging patterns of the living systems applied to the metaphoric world of images. It works as if it was possible to watch the very cells of every picture fighting to impose its forms, colors and sounds. The Morphogenesis is presented in the field of computational evolutionary art. It was developed as a multi-agents complex adaptive system, built with genetic algorithms and swarm intelligence to generate movement, feeding, fighting and reproduction behaviors. Also, it elicits more complex interactive behaviors, like collaboration and submission. All these behaviors are programed at the individual level, from which emerge the macro patterns of the groups, simulating the evolutionary process. Along the sections, other studies are presented as inspirations in terms of concepts, structures or interfaces. Furthermore, it´s creation method is detailed, some compositions are presented, the emerging behaviors are explained and the first experiences with the public are described. To conclude is presented a discussion about the levels of significance suggested by the Morphogenesis.
Sbruzzi, Elton Felipe. "Regimes monetários para economias emergentes." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/5474.
Full textTeixeira, David José Miranda. "Telecommunications infrastructure sharing." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/18716.
Full textAs telecomunicações móveis têm enfrentado enormes desafios em todo o mundo, com especial ênfase nos países emergentes. A sua crescente importância para o crescimento das economias dos países tornam a sua presença essencial num mundo cada vez mais global e tecnológico. A partilha de infraestruturas de telecomunicações torna a implementação de comunicações móveis numa dada região ou país mais facilitada. No caso de Moçambique, que é dos países mais pobres do mundo, a partilha seria uma estratégia interessante de forma a permitir um rápido crescimento dos serviços de telecomunicações. Neste projeto, foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta que auxilia o estudo tecno-económico de cenários de partilha de infraestruturas de telecomunicações. Esta ferramenta permitiu assim criar cenários para a realidade Moçambicana. Esta dissertação pretende contribuir para o desenvolvimento da área das telecomunicações em mercados emergentes.
Mobile telecommunications have been facing a vast number of challenges across the globe, with special emphasis on emerging countries. Their increasing importance for economic growth of countries make the presence of infrastructure essential in a progressively more global and technological world. Sharing telecommunication infrastructures can facilitate the implementation of mobile communications in a giving region or country. In the case of Mozambique, one of the poorest country of the world, a sharing strategy could potentially allow for a rapid expansion of telecommunication services. In this work project, a tool that supports the techno-economic study of scenarios of telecommunication infrastructure sharing was developed. Through this mechanism, scenarios that consider the Mozambican’s reality have been set up. This dissertation aims then to contribute to the development of the telecommunications sector in emerging markets.
Rosa, Nei Vargas da. "Estruturas emergentes do sistema da arte : instituições culturais bancárias, produtores e curadores." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14945.
Full textThe current paper highlights a new management and functioning model for the art system in Brazil, considering the emergence of two new agents and a specific type of cultural institution which appeared in the 1980´s. Thus, it analyses the work of curators, producers and also cultural platforms related to bank corporations in the career of artists and their works in the context of contemporary history of art. In order to reach that goal, it focuses on the work of Itaú Cultural in São Paulo and Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil in Rio de Janeiro from the year 2000 to 2005. It was selected a group of curators, producers, artists and managers of the institutions to take part in the interviews. The aim of the study is to show how a policy of events started to exist in the system, influenced by the action of the estate and the emerging infrastructure, which are responsible for the visibility and circulation of artistic production.
Rojas, Jorge. "Financial Crisis, the International Monetary System and the Challenge of the Emerging Economies." Economía, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118289.
Full textAunque en el debate sobre la actual crisis financiera se ha reconocido el rol jugado por el influjo de capitales extranjeros hacia Estados Unidos —el cual, conjuntamente con la desregulación financiera, hizo posible el crecimiento desmedido del crédito en ese país—, pensamos que aún no se ha reconocido la importancia de tal influjo, ni su conexión con la forma asimétrica como está organizado el actual sistema monetario internacional, ni tampoco su relación con el tipo de crecimiento adoptado por ese país en las últimas tres décadas, que pudo mantener su dinamismo gracias al aumento del gasto de los hogares financiado con crédito, y que mantuvo baja la inflación gracias a la importación de manufacturas baratas, al costo de ver caer la rentabilidad de su sector manufacturero. Sugerimos aquí que la crisis surge por la imposibilidad de llevar adelante ese tipo de crecimiento de manera indefinida y sin sobresaltos, y que una recuperación requerirá tanto una reforma radical del sistema monetario, como el aumento de la eficiencia económica a nivel mundial.
Virgínia, de Lima Leite Ana. "Sistema reprodutivo em plantas da caatinga: evidências de um padrão." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2006. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/652.
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A biologia reprodutiva tem sido estudada em diversas formações vegetacionais tropicais. Entretanto, poucos são os estudos com esse enfoque para espécies que ocorrem em áreas de Caatinga, a única grande região natural brasileira cujos limites estão restritos ao território nacional. O presente trabalho traz informações sobre a biologia reprodutiva de 14 espécies lenhosas da Caatinga, incluindo uma revisão do sistema reprodutivo de outras 39 espécies estudadas nesse ecossistema e analisa a polinização e a reprodução em Caesalpinia pyramidalis (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) e Aosa rupestris (Loasaceae). A maioria das espécies estiveram com flores durante 3-4 meses, principalmente entre julho e dezembro (estação seca). Foi constatado elevado percentual de espécies hermafroditas (79%), comparadas com os demais sistemas sexuais observados. Quanto ao sistema reprodutivo, não houve diferença significativa na freqüência de espécies autocompatíveis (39%) e autoincompatíveis (61%) analisadas para a Caatinga. Entretanto, a freqüência de espécies arbustivas e arbóreas (70%) auto-incompatíveis, comparada com herbáceas e lianas (30%), diferiu significativamente. Para a maioria das espécies a razão fruto/flor foi menor que a razão semente/óvulo, com sucesso reprodutivo pré-emergente entre 0,9-28%. Caesalpinia pyramidalis apresentou auto-incompatibilidade de ação tardia, com tubos polínicos alcançando o saco embrionário 24h após as autopolinizações. Foram observadas baixas razões fruto/flor (0,03) e semente/óvulo (0,36), com reduzido sucesso reprodutivo (0,0108). Nesta espécie, a polinização é realizada principalmente por espécies de Xylocopa e Centris. Embora durante as visitas dos polinizadores ocorra autopolinização através da geitonogamia, esta pode ser compensada pela baixa produção de néctar e alta freqüência de visitas realizadas pelas abelhas, possibilitando a polinização cruzada. Aosa rupestris é monofílica, polinizada exclusivamente por abelhas Bicolletes sp.nov. (Colletidae-Paracolletini). Embora ocorra autogamia, a proporção de frutos e sementes sob polinização natural é maior que aquela observada através da autopolinização espontânea. O movimento de um estame até o centro da flor e o intervalo entre um estame e o seguinte não são influenciados a partir das visitas do polinizador. De acordo com esses resultados, considerando a biologia reprodutiva, a Caatinga é tão complexa quanto os demais ecossistemas florestais tropicais. Muitas de suas espécies são também fortemente dependentes da ação dos polinizadores para alcançar o sucesso reprodutivo
Falcão, Nathália Kellyne Silva Marinho. "hidroxilação de alcano por sistemas suportados em sílica e estudos exploratórios da oxidação do contaminante emergente triclosan." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2016. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/9026.
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In this work, cytochrome P450-inspired biomimetic oxidation systems were developed for aliphatic C–H bond activation and triclosan oxidation. Heterogenization of Mn(III) N-pyridylporphyrin derivatives onto silica gel resulted in three groups of catalysts. Immobilization of Mn(III) N-pyridylporphyrins (MnT-X-PyPCl, X = 2, 3, 4) on chloropropylfunctionalized silica gel (Sil-Cl) yielded the first group of catalysts, Sil-Cl/MnT-X-PyPCl. The second group was prepared by in situ methylation of Sil-Cl/MnT-X-PyPCl materials resulting in the Sil-Cl/MnT-X-PyPCl/MeOTs materials. Finally the third group of catalysts were prepared via electrostatic immobilization of Mn(III) N-methylpyridiniumporphyrins (MnTM-X-PyPCl5, X = 2, 3, 4) onto unfunctionalized silica gel to yield SiO2/MnTM-XPyPCl5 (X = 2, 3, 4). These materials were studied as catalysts for iodosylbenzene-based hydroxylation reactions of the model substrate cyclohexane. The heterogenized catalysts proved to be more efficient, selective and oxidatively stable than the corresponding homogeneous systems for cyclohexane oxidation. No significant loss in catalytic efficiency was observed upon recycling of these materials. The increase in Mn(III)/Mn(II) reduction potentials associated with the alkylation of the pyridyl moieties of Sil-Cl/MnT-XPyPCl/MeOTs (X = 2, 3, 4) materials did not result in significant changes in catalytic efficiency as compared with the non-methylated starting materials Sil-Cl/MnT-X-PyPCl (X = 2, 3, 4). The PhIO-oxidation of the emerging contaminant triclosan under homogenous conditions was carried out using Mn porphyrins as biomimetic catalysts for P450-based xenobiotic degradation. The second generation catalyst Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(2,6- dichlorophenyl)porphyrin chloride, MnTDCPPCl, was more efficient and oxidatively stable than its first generation analogue Mn(III) meso-tetraphenylporphyrin chloride, which was considerably destroyed during the reactions. GC-FID, HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS analyses were used to confirm the formation of two products already identified as in vivo metabolites of triclosan: 4-chlorocatechol and 2,4-dichlorophenol. LC-MS/MS spectra of reation mixture indicated the formation of four additional triclosan degradation products (m/z 270, 323, 448, and 483), whose structural identity and biological relevance have yet to be confirmed.
Neste trabalho foram desenvolvidos modelos biomiméticos dos citocromos P450 pela heterogeneização das N-piridilporfirinas de Mn(III) em sílica-gel, resultando em três classes de catalisadores. A primeira classe descreve a imobilização das N-piridilporfirinas de Mn(III) (MnT-X-PyPCl, X = 2, 3, 4) em sílica-gel funcionalizada com o grupo cloropropila (Sil-Cl), a segunda classe envolve a metilação in situ dos materiais obtidos anteriormente e a terceira classe corresponde ao ancoramento eletrostático das N-metilpiridinioporfirinas de Mn(III) (MnTM-X-PyPCl5, X = 2, 3, 4) em sílica-gel in natura, sendo denominados como Sil-Cl/MnT-X-PyPCl, Sil-Cl/MnT-X-PyPCl/MeOTs e SiO2/MnTM-X-PyPCl5 (X = 2, 3, 4), respectivamente. Estes materiais foram empregados em reações de hidroxilação do substrato modelo cicloexano por iodosilbenzeno (PhIO). Os catalisadores heterogeneizados mostram-se mais eficientes, seletivos e resistentes à destruição catalítica do que os sistemas em fase homogênea, além de não serem observadas perdas significativas na eficiência catalítica após reúsos desses materiais. O aumento do potencial de redução Mn(III)/Mn(II) associado ao aumento do grau de alquilação nos catalisadores Sil-Cl/MnT-X-PyPCl/MeOTs (X = 2, 3, 4) não levaram a alterações significativas na eficiência catalítica desses materiais em comparação aos materiais de partida Sil-Cl/MnT-X-PyPCl (X = 2, 3, 4). A investigação da atividade catalítica das Mn-porfirinas de primeira e segunda geração, cloreto de mesotetrafenilporfirinatomanganês (III) (MnTPPCl) e cloreto de meso-tetraquis(2,6- diclorofenil)porfirinatomanganês (III) (MnTDCPPCl), na oxidação do contaminante emergente triclosan revelou que estes modelos biomiméticos podem efetuar a degradação deste xenobiótico. A MnTDCPPCl mostrou-se mais eficiente do que seu análogo de primeira geração MnTPPCl, que foi mais degradado durante as reações. Pelas técnicas de GC-FID, HPLC-DAD e LC-MS/MS foi possível confirmar a formação de dois produtos já identificados na literatura como metabólitos in vivo: 4-clorocatecol e 2,4-diclorofenol. Ainda por LC/MS-MS pode-se identificar a formação de mais quatro produtos de degradação do triclosan ainda não definidos (m/z 270, 323, 448 e 483)
Nicolodi, Margarete. "Evolução da noção da fertilidade e sua percepção como uma propriedade emergente do sistema solo." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/8980.
Full textMan kind had already associated fertile soil and food production even before practicing agriculture, and developed, in this way, a soil fertility concept much earlier than the proper soil concept. Several events had contributed for changing the soil fertility concept since the first Columella theory (First Century) up to the mineralist theory (XIX Century). According to this theory, soil fertility depends upon soluble mineral salts (nutrients) in the soil. In spite of the extraordinary progress in agriculture due to the application of this concept, there was no unanimity about such concept, restricted to soil chemical conditions, even at the end of XIX Century. Even with the new perceptions about soil fertility that arose in the XX Century, the traditional concept was still commonly used around the world. In spite of the increase in soil fertility and crop yield due to the application of such concept, it can be observed that its evaluation and, consequently, the traditional concept does not always express the soil fertility noted by plants in both, farm fields or field experiments. This can be verified mainly in evaluations done in long term no-tilled soils. The limitations in such theory, since the end of XIX Century, and in the day-to-day experience since the beginning of XX Century, indicate this as the most likely moment for a change in the perception of the soil fertility. As a consequence, a new concept would be derived and, consequently, new evaluation methodologies, and recommendations of practices, other than just fertilizing and liming. It is expected that the fertility would be perceived and conceptualized as an emergent property of the soil as a system; this is the expression of all conditions given by the soil for plant development and productivity. It is possible that the new concept, a wider one, could express the fertility of the soil system better than the one being used, which restricts soil fertility to soil chemistry.
Castro, Fernanda de. "Decisões de investimento e restrição financeira: o papel do sistema financeiro em uma economia emergente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18157/tde-08072015-093906/.
Full textThis study analyzes the effects of the financial system, characterized both in terms of financial development as also by its financial structure, on the investment decisions and financial constraints of Brazilian firms. Thereby, this work investigates how the financial development affects a firm\'s behavior and which kind of financial structure, that is, if market-based or bank-based, prevails in driving corporate investment and in reducing a firms\' financial constraints. The relevance of this study lies on its original feature carried from the analysis of a topic not much explored in the national literature. The research is conducted within a theoretical and applied context and by assuming that the financial system exerts substantial impact on investment decisions. In order to contribute to the scarce international literature and to the limited literature for Brazil this study considers information on 404 Brazilian firms over the 1998-2006 period. With the aim to identify the presence of financial constraint on firm behavior and control and separate its effects from other factors on investment decisions, the firms are classified according to the KZ and WW financial constraint indexes. Through the use of macroeconomic data in a microeconomic analysis, a version of the accelerator investment model is estimated by the GMM-system method to analyze the effects of the financial system on corporate investments. The results suggest that for financially unconstrained firms the impact of financial development on corporate decisions is direct, leading to higher investments. On the other hand, for financially constrained firms this effect occurs in an indirect way. In this case, a higher financial development reduces the investment dependence of these firms on internal resources and increases the response of investment to growth opportunities. Evidence is also found that the financial structure affects the investment of financially constrained firms, even after the results are controlled for the level of financial development. This result points to the relevance of a market-based financial system for mitigating the constrained firms\' financial constraints. Results also suggest that in the presence of growth opportunities the response of a firm\'s investment to the increased demand is higher in a market-based financial system than in a bank-based one.
Calisto, Gracinda Rosa Canhão. "Práticas e comportamentos no sistema educativo: uma realidade estrutural emergente da participação nos argumentos educacionais." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/14614.
Full textFreitas, Mikael Peric de. "Origem e evolução da desigualdade material hereditária: uma abordagem dos Sistemas Adaptativos Complexos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100132/tde-17102016-110242/.
Full textThe hereditary material inequality would have emerged for the first time in the archaeological record around 6.500 BC in Mesopotamia, emerging after it repeatedly and independently in different localities and contexts, in a small time period. Many theories have been proposed but the complete understanding of the issue remains open to debate. Thus, we have proposed here an approach of the phenomenon under the Complex Adaptive Systems perspective, through which an agent-based model have been built. Constitutes the background of the model the working papers and text books written in the last two decades, which were later checked agains two case studies: Mesopotamia and Northwest Coast, in North America. Among the nine parameters tested in the model eight presented direct relation to the material asymmetry of individuals, potentially participating of the precesses involved in the emergence of material inequality. This results leads us to consider the possibility of the egalitarian and cooperative social structures of huntergatherers to be one of self-organized criticality
Salvo, Mauro. "A inserção das economias emergentes e a distribuição de poder no cenário político internacional." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/35444.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis is to examine whether and how emerging economies have gained power in the international political scene, by increasing their economic power resources. As the focus of the study was directed towards the development of the economic power of emerging economies and its implications for the system of nations, greater attention was given to the movements of international political economy, which are not restricted to international financial organizations. We tried to show that the power game occurs, mainly, among National States. This work analyzed the functioning of the contemporary international system by addressing it through the principal theories of international relations. The theme in focus was the distribution of economic power in the international political scenario. The assumption made was that some emerging countries are increasing their global power and thus impacted the organization of the system and international economic relations. Chapter 2 argues that the economic power may currently be considered the main source of power in view of the topics on international relations agenda. It is argued that the U.S. is not even the most homogenous nation which ensures the stability of the system, this is still the system created by the Americans and there is no evidence that there is any nation able to take the leadership and implement a different system. Finally It’s argued that we live in an international hybrid system, which is sometimes anarchic, sometimes it is cooperative or coordinated depending on the international agenda. Chapter 3 deals with the Bretton Woods institutions and examines their evolution and role of the currency standard. Reinforces the analysis of the previous chapter as to the absence of a movement to break or even replacement of the U.S. currency as a benchmark for international transactions including the assumption of adopting a unit of account based on a basket of currencies. The current international monetary system in which oil exporters and China support the U.S. dollar as reference currency and the level of consumption of Americans is proof of the difficulties of institutionalizing a new order. Chapter 4 distinguished economic concepts to provide the improvement well-being of the population and how those statistics are used to measure power in international economic relations. Based on the foregoing it is considered that emerging economies are increasing their sources of economic power and begin to influence decisions which for decades limited to the G-7 and the evidence for this is the formation of G-20, participation in the Group Stability Financial BIS and increasing their weight in votes in the IMF.
Senna, Ana Júlia Teixeira. "Fatores determinantes da emergência dos sistemas de produção frutícola." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10419.
Full textGeneral studies on agricultural systems, including fruit production systems, often approach their configuration and dynamics under an ex-post viewpoint to their origin and formation. In this work the agricultural systems were analyzed in their ex-ante aspects. The variables, which determine the emergence of fruit production systems were identified, and considered for the construction of a model of emergence of these systems. At first, through interviews with experts, it was possible to identify the variables perceived as determinant for the emergence of a consolidated fruit production system, located in the Sao Francisco River Valley, Brazilian northeastern region. Later, such variables were evaluated in terms of importance for the emergence of eight less developed fruit production systems located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, of which five were focused on citrus culture, and three were focused on peach culture. A set of variables were determined that represent the basic conditions for emergence of fruit production systems, which might represent the bases for emergence and development of other fruit production systems. Edaphic-climatic conditions, market demand, technological support, availability of skilled labor force, productive infra-structure in the region, road conditions, and the existence of leadership were the variables that received the highest scores of importance for the emergence. The variables involving infrastructure and logistics, government support, market and participation of multiple producers, institutions and complementary companies of the fruit system complete the other conditioning aspects of the full expression of the characteristic properties of emerging systems. The identification of these variables could help in processes of decision making, regarding initiatives to stimulate emergence of the fruits production systems, although the resulting configuration of the systems cannot be forecasted for sure. The next step in this kind of study would be to test these variables in other agricultural systems types, for modeling of an equation of the agricultural systems emergence in general.
Cavallaro, Carmelo. "Valutazione di servizi di Rapid Mapping per la gestione delle emergenze." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
Find full textCampos, Julyenne Meneghetti 1985. "Eficiência de sistemas de leitos cultivados com Eichhornia crassipes na retenção de poluentes convencionais e o emergente 17-alfa-etinilestradiol." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257506.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola
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Resumo: Leitos cultivados tem sido citados como um método alternativo de redução da concentração de alguns agrotóxicos e hormônios levemente hidrofóbicos, como o 17-?-etinilestradiol, que é um dos principais responsáveis pela causa da alteração no sistema endócrino de humanos e animais. Neste contexto, o presente projeto visou avaliar a eficiência da redução de pH, 17-?-etinilestradiol, oxigênio dissolvido (OD), cor aparente, turbidez, nitrogênio total Kjeldahl (NTK), nitrogênio amoniacal (NH3), nitrito (NO2-), nitrato (NO3-), demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) e fósforo total (PT), utilizando-se três leitos tendo brita como meio suporte ¿ dois deles cultivados com a macrófita Eichhornia crassipes (aguapé), com 43 dias de diferença de cultivo entre eles, e outro leito sem cultivo apenas com a brita para controle e comparação dos resultados. A vazão de entrada nos leitos cultivados variou entre 312 e 1.059 L.dia-1, o TDH médio permaneceu entre 2 e 3 dias, as médias máximas de retenção da concentração de DQO, cor, turbidez, NTK, NH3 e PT pelos leitos foram 94,2%, 76,7%, 90,0%, 42,7%, 39,6% e 51,0%, respectivamente. A biomassa dos dois leitos cultivados com aguapé absorveram juntos, 163 g.kg-1 de nitrogênio e 47,2 g.kg-1 de fósforo, durante o período monitorado. Dentre os parâmetros de eficiência analisados o leito cultivado com Eichhornia crassipes com maior grau de desenvolvimento foi o mais eficiente na retenção da maioria dos parâmetros avaliados com nível 5% de significância. A metodologia adaptada para análise do hormônio 17-?-etinilestradiol por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência acoplada à Detector de Arranjo de Diodos obteve limite de detecção de 1,26 µg.L-1, e limite de quantificação de 2,52 µg.L-1, porém as amostras analisadas ficaram abaixo do nível de detecção, não sendo possível a determinação das concentrações das amostras. Conclui-se que a macrófita Eichhornia crassipes fixada em meio suporte obteve retenções de nutrientes consideradas satisfatórias em tratamento de esgoto doméstico, e as informações obtidas por este trabalho poderão contribuir com a melhoria e desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias para retenção e métodos analíticos para quantificação de 17-?-etinilestradiol em águas residuárias, diminuindo o lançamento destes interferentes endócrinos nos corpos hídricos
Abstract: Constructed wetlands have been quoted as an alternative method for the removal of slightly hydrophobic pesticides and hormones, such as 17-?-ethinylestradiol, which is one of the main hormones responsible for humans and animals endocrine systems changes. In this context, this project tried to evaluate the reduction efficiency with regards to pH, 17-?-ethinylestradiol, dissolved oxygen (DO), apparent color, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (NTK), ammonia nitrogen (NH3), nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), chemical oxygen demand (COD) total phosphorus (PT), using three constructed wetlands having gravel as support media ¿ two of them cultivated with Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), with 43 growth days gap between, and another with gravel only for control and results comparison. The entrance flow rate in the constructed wetlands ranged between 312 to 1,059 L.dia-1, the average HRT stayed between 2 and 3 days, the maximum chemical oxygen demand retention averages, color, turbidity, NTK, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus by the constructed wetlands were 94,2%, 76,7%, 90,0%, 42,7%, 39,6% and 51,0%, respectively. The biomass of both water hyacinth constructed wetlands absorbed together 163 g.kg-1 of nitrogen and 47,2 g.kg-1 of phosphorous during the monitored period. Among the analyzed efficiency parameters, the constructed wetland cultivated with Eichhornia crassipes, also 43 days older, was the most efficient in the majority of the parameters evaluated at a 5%significance level. The suitable methodology for analyzing 17-?-ethinylestradiol by high efficiency liquid chromatography attached to a Diode Arrange Detector, had a detection limit of 1.26µg.L-1, and a quantification limit of 2.53 µg.L-1, but the analyzed samples stayed below the detection level, becoming impossible determine the samples¿ concentrations. The conclusion is that the macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes fixed in a support media had satisfactory nutrients retention from domestic sewage, and the obtained information by this work can contribute for an improvement and development of new technologies for retention and analytical methods for 17-?-ethinylestradiol wastewater quantification, decreasing the discharge of these endocrine disruptors in water bodies
Mestrado
Agua e Solo
Mestra em Engenharia
Berrocal, Acosta Katherine Edelvis. "Sistema de (RE)generación urbana para la revitalización de espacios comunales en barrios emergentes - AA.HH. 7 de Octubre - Cercado de Lima." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/17765.
Full textFerreira, Lucas Pazoline da Silva. "Ciencidade : o ciberartigo como gênero acadêmico emergente na web." Pós-Graduação em Letras, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5699.
Full textAs transformações de equipamentos e sistemas computacionais e, por conseguinte, sua introdução em variadas esferas da atividade humana têm influenciado a maneira como a sociedade cria e se comunica. Oriunda dessas mudanças, a internet e a World Wide Web permitiram um movimento cultural distinto, por meio do qual também se observa uma produção textual direcionada à divulgação e consolidação do conhecimento científico. Nesse contexto científico criado pelas ferramentas digitais, surgem algumas questões, a saber: pode-se considerar a existência de um gênero acadêmico-científico emergente (o ciberartigo) no contexto da Web? Existe um contexto de produção ajustado para a produção e divulgação de ciberartigos? Quais seriam essas ferramentas tecnológicas digitais para a produção de ciberartigos? Diante disso, nesta dissertação, objetiva-se caracterizar o ciberartigo como um gênero textual acadêmico emergente na Web. Esta pesquisa se fundamentou em de Bakhtin (1992) e seus estudos macroanalíticos sobre os gêneros, e em Marcuschi (1999; 2008; 2010), Koch (2010) e Xavier (2001; 2009; 2010), especialmente quando que se referem à relação entre os gêneros textuais e as ferramentas digitais. Articularam-se tais teorias às contribuições de Lévy (1993; 1996) sobre o Ciberespaço, a Cibercultura e a virtualidade; às de Tapscott (2010) e Prensky (2001a; 2001b) sobre a Geração Digital e os nativos e imigrantes digitais, respectivamente; e, por fim, às de Berners-Lee (1996; 2001; 2006) e O´Reilly (2005) sobre a Web. Para melhor entender o processo de comunicação científica através de periódicos científicos, os trabalhos de Biojone (2003) tornaram-se fundamentais para a pesquisa apresentada nesta dissertação. O percurso metodológico se constituiu por dois procedimentos de observação e coleta de dados: no primeiro, houve uma catalogação de periódicos e artigos científicos orientados à divulgação on-line, a qual foi direcionada para as publicações da Universidade Federal de Sergipe e para propostas de publicação científica diferentes das formas tradicionais; no segundo procedimento, com a participação de alunos e professores da UFS, foi realizada uma experiência de produção de ciberartigos no Ciencidade (www.ciencidade.com.br). Ao analisar os periódicos científicos virtuais da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, ficou comprovado que o texto se limita ao uso de imagens estáticas e hiperligações normatizadas (ABNT, periódico) e/ou criadas automaticamente por processadores de textos virtuais, o que faz dele um artigo tradicional digitalizado. Por outro lado, no que se refere às propostas de publicação diferentes das formas tradicionais, juntamente com os materiais coletados a partir da experiência no Ciencidade, ficou nítido que é possível uma produção ciberartigos desde que exista um contexto de produção que estimule tal prática. Sendo assim, o ciberartigo pode ser considerado um gênero acadêmico-científico emergente na Web, pois se diferencia do gênero textual artigo científico tradicional, na medida em que se caracteriza pela integração de diferentes linguagens e ferramentas, possibilitadas pelas tecnologias digitais.
Gárriz, Galván Pablo. "Sistemas comparados de Gestión y Dirección de Emergencias y Crisis. Estudio, análisis, aproximación técnicojurídica y propuesta integral, integrada e integradora orientada hacia un marco organizacional y operacional común." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671904.
Full textEsta tesis tiene como eje principal el análisis de aquellos elementos y aspectos que ayudan a establecer el marco de referencia de la gestión de emergencias y crisis dentro del campo de la seguridad. Y, específicamente, desde la "Seguridad Humana". Desde este enfoque, la Seguridad es un concepto transversal que se desarrollada desde tres perspectivas básicas: la Seguridad como algo integral, la Seguridad como algo global y la Seguridad como un elemento que debe estar -esencialmente- al servicio del desarrollo humano. Lo que, sin duda, está condicionado por el impacto, la vulnerabilidad y la capacidad de resiliencia en todos los órdenes. Lo que está afectado por los procesos de globalización, por los elementos que intervienen en la gobernabilidad y por el desarrollo de la idea efectiva de lo que supone la gobernanza. Esto supone que las emergencias y las crisis, en todas sus manifestaciones y en todas las posibles situaciones que las generan, sean fenómenos que pueden tener -y tienen- una incidencia transcendental en aquellos entornos sociales donde acontecen. Por tanto, son situaciones susceptibles de ser "segurizadas". Por ello se analiza el término y los procesos de "segurización" y se propone el "Ciclo de la Segurización" como aportación y como mecanismo estratégico que afecta a numerosos factores críticos. Factores como la legalidad, la transparencia, el control y la rendición de cuentas de los poderes públicos y de sus agentes, así como el funcionamiento, la configuración y la idea de la protección de los ciudadanos como un servicio público esencial. Esto anterior supone la vinculación directa de la seguridad (y la falta de seguridad) con el orden y el consenso, con el equilibrio y la estabilidad social así como con el cambio, la disrupción y el quebranto de la normalidad. De aquí nacen -conceptualmente y como se desarrollan en esta tesis- dos fenómenos sociales asociados que, aunque diferentes, se configuran como realidades, en muchas ocasiones, complementarias. Estos son la contingencia y el conflicto. Lo que genera una serie de factores de peligro que ayudan a configurar el fundamento de los conceptos del riesgo y la amenaza. Ayudando a entender las consecuencias incidentales que se manifiestan en forma tanto de emergencia como de crisis. Lo que influye también en la adaptabilidad y en el diseño de las organizaciones vinculadas con la Seguridad, las Emergencias y la Defensa. En todo caso, se exponen aspectos no sólo formales y de tipo jurídico, sino también los tan necesarios elementos sistémicos, estructurales, funcionales y organizacionales de tipo operacional, procedimental e instrumental que permiten la gestión. Lo que, sin duda, configura de manera efectiva la capacidad y el tipo de respuesta que se debe desplegar para cada tipo de escenario. Lo anterior se conforma como un conjunto articulado de elementos esenciales que deben permitir -en cualquier situación de emergencia y/o de crisis- modular los diferentes elementos que son necesarios gestionar y dirigir de manera coherente, consistente y coordinada. Con ello se garantiza la integralidad, la integración y la integrabilidad de los mismos lo que evita la divergencia, la desviación y la disonancia entre estructuras, sistemas, funciones, actores y acciones. El abordaje de esta temática desde el ámbito del Derecho Global Público permite ofrecer, no sólo un enfoque inicial jurídico de tipo aplicado, sino también contextualizar, entender y enmarca lo que justifica el resto de elementos que deben analizarse y que devienen de otros ámbitos del Derecho (Laboral, Administrativo, Civil y Penal), de la Sociología, de la Psicología Social y Organizacional, de las Ciencias del Trabajo y de las Relaciones Laborales, de la Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional así como de otros campos técnicos y científicos afines.
This thesis has as its main axis the analysis of those elements and aspects that help to establish the framework of reference for emergency and crisis management within the field of Security. And, specifically, from “Human Security”. From this approach, Security is a transversal concept that was developed from three basic perspectives: Security as something integral, Security as something global and Security as an element that must be -essentially- at the service of human development This, undoubtedly, is conditioned by the impact, the vulnerability and the resilience capacity in all orders. What affects -and is affected- by globalization processes, by the elements that intervene in governance and by the development of the effective idea of what governance entails. This supposes that emergencies and crises, in all their manifestations and in all the possible situations that generate them, are phenomena that can have -and has- a transcendental impact in those social environments where they occur. Therefore, they are situations that can be “secured“. In view of this, this thesis analizes the term and processes of “securitization” and proposes the “Cycle of Securitization” as a contribution and as a strategic mechanism that affects numerous critical factors. Factors like legality, transparency, control and accountability of the public powers and their agents, as well as the operation, the configuration and the idea of protecting citizens as an essential public service. This supposes the direct link between security (and the lack of security) with order and consensus, with balance and social stability as well as with change, disruption and the breakdown of normality. From here are born -conceptually and as developed in this thesis- two associated social phenomena that, although different, are configured as realities, on many occasions, complementarities. These are contingency and conflict. This generates a series of danger factors that help to configure the basis of the concepts of risk and threat. And, consequently, they help to understand the incidental consequences that manifest themselves in the form of both emergencies and crises. This also influences in the adaptability and design of the organizations related to Security, Emergencies and Defence. In any case, this thesis presents not only formal and legal aspects, but also the necessary systemic, structural, functional and organizational elements of an operational, procedural and instrumental type that allow management. This, without a doubt, effectively configures the capacity and type of response that must be deployed for each type of scenario. The foregoing is formed as an articulated set of essential elements that should allow -in any emergency and/or crisis situation- to modulate the different elements that are necessary to manage and direct in a coherent, consistent and coordinated manner. This guarantees comprehensiveness, integration and integrability of them, which avoids divergence, deviation and dissonance between structures, systems, functions, actors and actions. Anyway, all of the above means that addressing this issue from the field of Global Public Law allows offering, not only an initial applied legal approach, but also allows contextualizing, understanding and framing what justifies the rest of the elements that must be analyzed and comes from others areas of Law (Labour, Administrative, Civil and Criminal), from Sociology, from Social and Organizational Psychology, from Labour Relations and Work Sciences, from Occupational Safety and Health as well as from other technical and scientific fields.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Seguretat Humana i Dret Global
Cardoso, Filho Jair Cunha. "Sistema de prospecção de competências emergentes : proposta de um modelo a partir do estudo de caso da cidade aeroportuária do Distrito Federal." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.11.T.19216.
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A preocupação com a formação de mão de obra qualificada, compartilhada em diversos níveis tanto por países centrais quanto por países emergentes e periféricos, coloca a antecipação das necessidades de competências em suas agendas nacionais de políticas públicas de desenvolvimento regional e de geração de emprego e renda, de modo a ligar o mundo da educação e formação ao mundo do trabalho e, consequentemente, com o mundo organizacional. O objetivo geral da tese é propor um modelo sistêmico denominado Sistema de Prospecção de Competências Emergentes, amparado nos paradigmas social e técnico-econômico da Ciência da Informação, tendo como base o monitoramento ambiental e a competência informacional. A pesquisa é qualitativa e, quanto aos fins, exploratória, descritiva e aplicada. Quanto aos meios, é bibliográfica, documental e de levantamento. Utilizou-se como métodos a Técnica do Grupo Nominal e o estudo de caso. Os especialistas consultados validaram o modelo, e o estudo de caso validou sua aplicação e replicação em situações similares. Concluiu-se pela exequibilidade do modelo proposto e pela institucionalização de uma estrutura de análise, síntese e de difusão de informações estratégicas sobre competências emergentes denominada Observatório de Competências Emergentes.
Concern with training of skilled labor, shared in varying degrees by both central countries as in emerging and peripheral countries, puts the anticipation of skills needs in their national agendas of public policies for regional development and generating employment and income, in order to connect the world of education and training to the labor market and consequently to the organizational world. The overall aim of the thesis is to propose a systemic model named System Prospecting Emerging Powers, supported the social, technical and economic paradigms of information science, based on environmental monitoring and information literacy. The research is qualitative and, as to the purposes, exploratory, descriptive and applied. As for the means, is bibliographical, documentary and lifting. It was used as a method the Nominal Group Technique and the case study. The consulted experts validated the model, and the case study has validated its application and replication in similar situations. Concluded the feasibility of the proposed model and the institutionalization of a framework of analysis, synthesis and dissemination of strategic information on emerging powers called Observatory of Emerging Powers.
Adame, Andressa. "Sistema de análises em fluxo empregando multicomutação para avaliação de toxicidade aguda com Vibrio fischeri." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64135/tde-03112014-150442/.
Full textA multicommuted flow system was developed for automation of the acute toxicity bioassay using Vibrio fischeri bacteria, which exploits the decrease of the bacterial luminescence caused by toxic species. Solenoid micro-pumps were employed to improve mixing conditions and to perform on-line dilutions of the tested compounds by changing the sample volume and exploiting the partial overlap between sample zone and the bacterial suspension. A spiral flow cell, placed at the emission window of a spectrofluorimeter, was employed for signal measurement and a lab-made water bath based on the Peltier effect was used for maintain the temperature of the bioassay at (13.0±0.1) oC. A low volume of the bacterial suspension (120 ?L) was selected in order to minimize its consumption and, consequently, the costs of the assay. The contact time between bacterial suspension and sample was reduced to 5 min to increase the sampling rate and to avoid luminescence fading due to the bacteria short lifetime. EC50 values for positive controls were estimated as 2.5 ± 0.7, 2.0 ± 0.5 and 10 ± 4 for Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cr(VI), respectively, being in agreement with literature values. The EC50 values for some emerging pollutants (parabens, caffeine, acetaminophen, diclofenac and salicylic acid) agreed with those obtained from commercial BioTox(TM) kit performed in micro plate at the 95% confidence level. The coefficients of variation were estimated as 2.4 and 2 % (n=10), in the absence and presence of 0.6 mg L-1 Zn(II), respectively. The proposed flow system is then a simple, fast, robust and accurate alternative for acute toxicity determination, using low sample and bacterial suspension volumes. Furthermore, the system presents advantages in comparison to batch and previous flow-based bioassays, such as the achievement of in-line salinity adjustment and sample dilutions, and the determination of toxicity kinetic for every assayed chemical species
Gómez, Pérez Miquel. "Factors de risc emergents en cardiopatia isquèmica. Paper dels marcadors d'oxidació lipídica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/134679.
Full text1. Gómez M, Valle V, Arós F, Sanz G, Sala J, Fiol M, Bruguera J, Elosua R, Molina L, Martí H, Covas MI, Rodríguez-Llorián A, Fitó M, Suárez-Pinilla MA, Amezaga R, Marrugat J. Oxidized LDL, lipoprotein(a) and other emerging risk factors in acute myocardial infarction (Fortiam Study). Rev Esp Cardiol.2009; 62:373-82 (Impact Factor 2,746) (ISSN: 0300-8932) 2. Gómez M, Molina L, Bruguera J, Sala J, Masià R, Muñoz-Aguayo D, Tomás M, Heredia S, Blanchart G, Gaixas S, Vila J, Fitó M; Oxidized low-density lipoprotein antibodies in myocardial infarction patients without classical risk factors. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine (Jul 2013) (Impact Factor 2,657) (ISSN: 1558-2035) 3. Gómez M, Vila J, Elosua R, Molina L, Bruguera J, Sala J, Masia R, Covas MI, Marrugat J, Fito M. Relationship of lipid oxidation with subclinical atherosclerosis and 10-year coronary events in general population. Atherosclerosis. 2014;232:134-140. (Impact Factor 3,908) (ISSN: 0021-9150) The aim of this thesis was the search of new emerging risk factors (RF) for coronary heart disease, since a significant percentage of acute myocardial infarctions do not have classic RF. In addition, we need to find new risk predictors that improve the cardiovascular risk functions existing today for the general population. The first study is a prospective cohort study, including 1,371 patients from 15 Spanish hospitals, admitted for a first acute myocardial infarction (Study FORTIAM). After an exhaustive search, we found that 8 % had no classical RF. The study identifies as new emerging RF: High levels of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxidized LDL) and lipoprotein (a). Moreover it is shown that the absence of classical RF in patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction does not alter the prognosis for 6 months. Cut-off points indicative of increased risk were: 60 mg / dl for lipoprotein ( a) and 74 U / l for oxidized LDL . In the second publication is a case-control study, of patients with a first acute myocardial infarction without classic risk factors. They have lower levels of anti - oxidized LDL compared with healthy controls. Immunological reaction against oxidized LDL therefore could be a protective factor against the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations. The third issue is the study of a cohort of 4042 individuals from the general population followed for 10 years of the province of Girona (Regicor Register –Registre Gironí del Cor-). We show that oxidized LDL was independently associated with coronary event onset at 10 years. This association has not been given regarding the development of subclinical atherosclerosis, measured with the carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Ankle-Brachial Index. Then, oxidized LDL seems to be associated to instability of atherosclerotic plaque rather than atherosclerotic burden, and is a marker that improves the prediction ability of the Framingham risk function for coronary heart disease. We provide the normalized population values of oxidized LDL and oxidized LDL antibodies, stratified by age and gender.
Tambourgi, Patricia Vilarinho. "O Sistema Humanitário Internacional no século XXI: os doadores não DAC e o caso brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/101/101131/tde-28112017-133645/.
Full textThe architecture of the International Humanitarian System in the 21st century is expanding. Not only the resources contributed have increased, but also the number of actors involved as donors, such as international governmental and non-governmental organizations. Countries are the largest providers of humanitarian assistance, and this group is also expanding. Traditionally, the member countries of the Development Assistance Committee of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD / DAC) are the primary actors in the contemporary humanitarian system and those who provide the majority of the resources. Recent literature, however, points to the emergence of other donor countries outside the group that might be bringing changes in the international governance of the system. Studies on \"non-DAC\" donors lack accurate data and are mostly based on estimates. This research aims to deepen knowledge about the performance of these donors, using descriptive statistics on primary data from multilateral organizations of the United Nations humanitarian system to better understand the degree of financial participation that \"Non-DAC\" donors add to the system. Furthermore, the study presents an analysis of Brazil\'s actions as a donor of international humanitarian assistance.
Fujimoto, Suzana Yumi. "A gestão de tecnologias emergentes para a condição osteoporose: subsídios para a elaboração de um sistema de monitoramento do horizonte tecnológico no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2009. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/2490.
Full textAs atividades de rastreamento do horizonte tecnológico, uma forma de avaliação de tecnologia em saúde realizada no início do ciclo de vida das tecnologias, vêm sendo difundidas em países desenvolvidos desde a década de 90, visando tornar mais eficientes os processos de tomada de decisão relativos à incorporação de novas tecnologias. Trata-se de uma abordagem sistemática para a identificação e avaliação de tecnologias novas / emergentes, com o objetivo de alertar os tomadores de decisão quanto à sua existência e potenciais conseqüências de sua incorporação para o sistemade saúde, antes da difusão do seu uso. Considerando a relevância de operacionalizar as atividades de rastreamento do horizonte tecnológico para a atenção à saúde no Brasil, apresente dissertação teve o objetivo de produzir subsídios para a elaboração de diretrizes de um sistema de rastreamento do horizonte a ser criado no País. Para auxiliar o processo de elaboração, foi realizado um exercício de rastreamento do horizonte, no qual foi utilizado o caso das tecnologias envolvidas no manejo da osteoporose em mulheres na pós-menopausa, um problema de saúde considerado relevante, para o qual não existe solução razoável. Inicialmente, procedemos a uma revisão do conceito e das experiências internacionais com sistemas de rastreamento do horizonte tecnológico (SRH) em saúde. As fontes consultadas e os trabalhos analisados indicam um consenso de que um SRH deve sempre basear seu trabalho na melhor evidência preliminar disponível sobre o efeito das tecnologias, na saúde das pessoas e sobre o sistema de saúde, e atuar de maneira transparente, explicitando ao máximo a metodologia adotada no processo de trabalho. A revisão também permitiu a identificação de muitos desafios e pontos críticos para o desenvolvimento e operacionalização de tal sistema. O exercício de rastreamento realizado possibilitou a identificação de uma nova tecnologia medicamentosa, o denosumab, para o tratamentoda osteoporose, cujos ensaios clínicos de fase II e III, recentemente publicados, foram analisados. As limitações enfrentadas na realização do exercício permitiram reconhecer algumas dificuldades básicas específicas da avaliação tecnológica no início do ciclo devida. A avaliação das experiências internacionais e o exercício acima referido indicam que, para o desenvolvimento e operacionalização de um SRH no Brasil, o intercâmbio e a colaboração institucional com as unidades governamentais de monitoramento do horizonte de países desenvolvidos será fundamental, tendo em vista o corpo qualificado e a longa experiência daquelas unidades nessas atividades e, ainda, a quantidade de trabalho e de tempo envolvidos na análise de cada tecnologia e a urgência inerente a essas atividades. Além disso, deverá haver uma articulação entre os atores-chave, especialmente os do âmbito governamental, com o objetivo de discutir e estabelecer as diretrizes para a criação do sistema. Com isso, espera-se que as informações produzidas pelo SRH brasileiro sejam adequadamente utilizadas no processo de tomada de decisão do sistema de saúde.
Activities related to horizon scanning of technologies for health care, a form of health technology assessment carried out at the beginning of the life cycle of those technologies, have been adopted in several developed countries since the 90s, with the purpose of improving the efficiency of decision making related to the incorporation of new technologies. Horizon scanning consists of a systematic approach to identify and assess new and emerging technologies in order to warn health care decision makers about the existence and potential consequences of their incorporation to individuals and to the health system, before the diffusion stage. Given the importance of developing horizon scanning activities for health care technologies in Brazil, the present work had the objective of producing subsidies for the elaboration of guidelines to develop a horizon scanning system in Brazil. To aid that elaboration process, the case of technologies designed for the secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures after menopause, a relevant public health problem far from being solved, was analyzed. Initially, a review of the concept of horizon scanning in health care and of the related international governmental experiences was carried out. The available sources and studies indicate a consensus on that: a) recommendations made by a horizon scanning 8 system must be supported by the best available early scientific evidence of the consequences on the health of the individuals and on the health system of the adoption of new/emerging technologies; b) the horizon scanning system must act in a transparent way, making explicit the criteria and methodology it uses. The review also showed that there remain several challenges to be dealt with in order to further develop such monitoring system. The horizon scanning exercise related to the secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures enabled the identification of a new drug, called denosumab; phase II and phase III trials of that technology have been recently published and were analyzed. Limitations faced in such exercise made it possible the identification of some specific difficulties associated to technology assessment at the beginning of the life cycle. The review of the international experiences with horizon scanning of health care technologies, at central government level, along with the mentioned exercise, indicate that, for developing a horizon scanning system in Brazil, collaboration with developed countries’ units is essential, taking into account the qualified and experienced staff of such units as well as the amount of work and time involved in the analysis of each technology and the inherent urgency of such activities. Finally, key actors, specially those at central government level, must be articulated for the discussion and elaboration of the guidelines towards the creation of such system. In this way, the chances of a successful effort, with an adequate utilization of produced information in the process of decision-making, are increased.
Rodrigues, Rodrigo Maldonado. "A emergência do sistema olivícola no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/149301.
Full textConsumers concerns, desires and necessities in downstream tend to increasingly guide initiatives of producers in the upstream and this is a reality also in agriculture, with the selection of healthier, tastier, and with higher market value food, which generates a welcoming environment for products with such characteristics. Extra virgin olive oil, whose characteristics fit in the new dietary habits, has been assuming a highlighted position among consumers from the whole world, which is not different in Brazil. Despite having little tradition in olive cultivation, Brazil, especially the state of Rio Grande do Sul, has started since the last decade a solid production of this product, which has slowly reached national and international supermarkets’ shelves while receiving an excellent reputation. Therefore, with the possible emergence of this agricultural production system, and by the high demand of the product as well as the possibility of fulfilling this demand through local production instead of imports, we assume that a study about this recent, and consequently little studied, phenomenon can provide theoretical basis for its comprehension. Hence, governance theories were used to identify the system’s organization and coordination. In order to analyze basic elements of the system, the theoretical background used was that of complex systems; for the comprehension of the basic elements’ relation in the formation of a complex system, the apparatus of institutional-evolutionary economics was applied. Having in mind this theoretical background and the problem studied, we opted for a method acknowledgedly institutional with a qualitative approach i.e. an exploratory case study conducting interviews with participants considered as fundamental in the system, submitting afterwards the data collected in field to the secondary data and the theoretical background. The results obtained point to a gradual blooming of the system’s organization, with coordination not subjected to the market action of the sector, by which is understood governance, of Federal and State responsibility. However, until the moment evidences were not found of a governance of the base i.e. the producers. In reference to the relationship of the elements for the system’s emergence, it was verified that this occurs by means of constant information exchange and transactions that occur between the agents and the local economy. The agents and the local economy influence each other reciprocally in a bottom-up dynamics and in the reverse, topdown, when the system reacts to influences and begins to stimulate governance structures and institutional infrastructure. In this perspective, it is understood that the system’s elements that are effectively emerging were characterized, as well as their relation with local economy. It is crucial for the participants that this complex system can be understood and treated as so, with adequate interventions in a way that it can propitiate gains to all parts involved.
Bazan, Luciana Borges. "Análise das configurações da Regional CIC: um estudo de caso do comportamento emergente." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2012. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/353.
Full textUnderstanding the emergent behavior in urban areas is essential to study more efficiently and drive public policy. Whereas the urban emergencies are elements present in the daily life of cities is not possible for the state not take them into account when formulating their actions pubic area. Taking as its premise that society is a living body, where each agency fulfills a function, we seek to equip the way for appropriate policy actions to urban emergencies. The objective of this study is to reflect on the emergent behavior from the case study of the Regional CIC, taking into account aspects of planning policy and those related to self-organization of spaces and territories. The study, in its methods of research is exploratory and descriptive, analytical and design configured as a case study. The analysis is qualitative, seeking the relationship of the case described in the literature studied and the universe of research is the city of Curitiba, with the direct sampling the Regional CIC. Through the literary study arose that the emergent behavior in urban areas is a constant, especially in cities or territories in constant development as is the case of Curitiba - PR. The emerging systems are the result of processes that involve order and disorder and self-organization, and network systems as an element in its constitution. The urban emergencies, following the emergentist concepts, can not be predicted or planned, arise from a self-organizing process, from the bottom up, which produce lower levels of new properties with complex traits. By analyzing the creation of the Regional CIC realizes that many emerging elements are present, and highlighted the following: Creation of the Industrial City of Curitiba, regionalization and territorialization, deterritorialization (dismemberment of the neighborhood), sectoral networks planned or unplanned, and interorganizational and emphasis to human and ethical aspects. It is felt that public policies have analyzed emerging elements because they are descentralizas, working in the system of networks, exchange information in the community and seek to influence, not control, the territories in development. It can be concluded that public policy should not seek control of urban movements and emerging processes, but encourage creativity and self-organization of social groups, being herself, one of the components of urban systems emerging.
Henno, Juliana Harrison. "As correlações entre os sistemas generativos e a fabricação digital no contexto das artes visuais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-21032017-104202/.
Full textThis research aims at examining the digital image that originates from the proximity of the visual arts with CAD/CAM technologies and the biological systems of creation. Such computer-based image, that is emergent, can be materialized in the digital fabrication owing to the compatibility both in the sense of making the complexity of the form concrete and of enabling its serial singling. More specifically, we intend to approach how the digital manufacturing processes and techniques have interfered with the visual artist´s modus operandi as they enable the generation and the materialization of the complex image, thus enlarging the ways to operate and represent in the arts field because they work as instruments to develop and represent new poetics. By means of theoretical reference, work reading and experimental practical works, we intend to explore how the artist takes over the means of digital production and the generative processes of creating and he/she explores them as an innovative language, which, in turn, amplifies and potentiates the forms of expression and accomplishment of his/her work to levels unimaginable before. We intend to evaluate how the numerical character process can interfere with the visual artist´s creative and poetic process to promote new expressive possibilities, thus exploring the potential which has been unusual in the arts field so far. The main theoretical support to launch the bases to understand the ever closer relation of art to technology was derived from the discussions by Taylor (2014), Machado (1997b), Couchot (2003), Lévy (1996), Laurentiz (1991), Moles (1990) and Plaza & Tavares (1998). Those researchers investigate the introduction of the numerical in the artistic field. The discussions by Manovich (2010), Galanter (2010), Couchot (2010), Johnson (2001), Whitelaw (2006) and McCormack (2014) bring information of theories related to the complexity of the image, since in those discussions the processes and models of natural systems that are liable to emergence are elucidated. To present the digital manufacturing technology and its creative potential, the theoretical support was derived from Kolarevic (2001), Mitchel & McCullough (1995), McCullough (1996), Todd & Latham (1992) and Ganis (2004). The concepts about the convergence of the concepts of emergence and manufacturing reflect the discussions by Labaco (2013), Whitelaw (2006; 2015) and Moura (2013).
Grabowicz, Przemyslaw Adam. "Complex networks approach to modeling online social systems. The emergence of computational social science." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/131220.
Full textLa presente tesis está dedicada a la descripción, análisis y modelado cuantitativo de sistemas complejos sociales en forma de redes sociales en internet. Mediante el uso de métodos y conceptos provenientes de ciencia de redes, análisis de redes sociales y minería de datos se descubren diferentes patrones estadísticos de los sistemas estudiados. Uno de los objetivos a largo plazo de esta línea de investigación consiste en hacer posible la predicción del comportamiento de sistemas complejos tecnológico-sociales, de un modo similar a la predicción meteorológica, usando inferencia estadística y modelado computacional basado en avances en el conocimiento de los sistemas tecnológico-sociales. A pesar de que el objeto del presente estudio son seres humanos, en lugar de los átomos o moléculas estudiados tradicionalmente en la física estadística, la disponibilidad de grandes bases de datos sobre comportamiento humano hace posible el uso de técnicas y métodos de física estadística. En el presente trabajo se utilizan grandes bases de datos provenientes de redes sociales en internet, se miden patrones estadísticos de comportamiento social, y se desarrollan métodos cuantitativos, modelos y métricas para el estudio de sistemas complejos tecnológico-sociales.
Toyama, Marcelo Costa. "Uma abordagem multiagente para dinâmica de pedestres." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/8125.
Full textThis work presents a improvement (Walker improvement) over the model from Schadschneider and cooworkers. This improvement transforms the Schadschneider’s model in a multiagent system based model. Differently from the cellular automata and continuous models, Walker represents many pedestrian’s characteristics: gender, speed, environment knowledge, herding behavior. We also implement a prototype for the Walker improvement. Pedestrian dynamics models are important for many reasons. First, researches discovered that modelling and simulating pedestrian flux is complex. Second, pedestrian dynamic models are important tools for the development and planning of pedestrian areas, such as: subways stations, train stations, buildings and shopping centers. Therefore, computer simulation of pedestrian dynamics are capable of showing a high number of characteristics that exist in real traffic and contribute for a better understanding of basic pedestrian traffic principles. The knowledge of pedestrian behavior is important to provide information about better exit paths, room and stadium geometries. We made a study of the state of the art in pedestrian dynamics to define important features for this improvement. And many important aspects of the studied models were utilized in the Walker improvement. We also have made 18 experiments to validate and show the Walker’s capabilities. The experiments are: experiments created by others authors, verification of parameters influence in the simulation, simulation of many scenarios with different doors and room sizes, simulation of two different groups of pedestrians. The Walker’s qualities are shown in the experiments, as well its ability to simulate many situations.
Laffranchi, Marcelo Martins. "Uma solução peer-to-peer para a implantação de jogos multiusuário baseada no padrão emergente MPEG-4 MU." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/313.
Full textThis work describes the implementation of a support structure to 3D virtual networked games, based on the emergent standard multiuser MPEG-4 in a Gnutella hybrid peer-to-peer network. This solution minimizes the disadvantages of the existent hybrid solutions, that they are based on proxies, which have to be re-configured whenever a new application appears in the net. For that, the code that implements the Gnutella network it was modified from way to include a service of search of games and of active sessions. Two defined components and specified by the emergent standard MPEG-4 MU were implemented and integrated into the Gnutella network for games session control and updating of the scenes. When a node designated as controller leaves, another should assume in a fast and continuous way. Those, among other challenges in the implementation of multiuser games as peer-to-peer applications, they will be discussed in this work, together with the integration of the technologies Gnutella and MPEG-4 MU. The evaluation of this implementation allowed to conclude the some topics about the adaptation of those networks in the support to applications that demand continuous collaboration, as it is the case of a 3D game in that multiples participant constantly alter the scene and also the viability of implementing a session controller in one of the nodes of the network.
Este trabalho descreve a implementação de uma estrutura de suporte a jogos virtuais 3D em rede, baseada no padrão emergente MPEG-4 multiusuário em uma rede Gnutella peer-to-peer híbrida. Esta solução minimiza as desvantagens das soluções híbridas existentes, que são baseadas em proxies, as quais têm que ser re-configuradas sempre que uma nova aplicação surge na rede. Para isso, o código que implementa a rede Gnutella foi modificado de modo a incluir um serviço de busca de jogos e de sessões ativas. Dois componentes definidos e especificados pelo padrão emergente MPEG-4 MU foram implementados e integrados à rede Gnutella para controle de sessão de jogos e atualização das cenas. Quando um nodo designado como controlador sai, outro deve assumir de forma rápida e contínua. Esses, entre outros desafios na implementação de jogos multiusuário como aplicações peer-to-peer, serão discutidos neste trabalho, juntamente com a integração das tecnologias Gnutella e MPEG-4 MU. A avaliação desta implementação nos permitiu chegar a algumas conclusões sobre a adequação dessas redes no suporte a aplicações que exigem colaboração contínua, como é o caso de um jogo 3D em que múltiplos participantes alteram a cena constantemente e também a viabilidade de se implementar um controlador de sessão em um dos nodos da rede.
Santilli, Paolo. "LOCATE: Progettazione e sviluppo di un sistema IoT per la gestione delle emergenze basato su tecnologie LoRa e BLE." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20758/.
Full textFerreira, Helder Calsavara. "Geoprocessamento aplicado à determinação da fragilidade emergente em um manancial de abastecimento público: a microbacia do alto do rio Sarandi." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/3007.
Full textThe objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the environmental fragility of the upper sub-drainage basin of the Sarandi River, an important source of public water supply in the municipalities of Realeza and Santa Izabel do Oeste, in the southwestern region of Paraná. Environmental fragility was determined according to the methodology of Ross (1994), based on slope, soil and current land use data. The crossing of the declivity map with the soil map generated the map of potential fragility and the crossing of the map of potential fragility with the map of land use and occupation generated the map of emergent fragility. Behind the land use and occupation map, it was possible to evaluate the current condition of occupation of the riparian forest areas. I have noticed that there are areas that present conflicts of use and occupation in these areas of permanent preservation, and agriculture currently occupies 34.63% legal area destined to the ciliary forests. Considering the potential fragility, it can be observed that in the Sarandi river basin the fragility classes comprised between low and medium represent 66.92% and those classified as strong and very strong represent 33.08% of the total area of the sub-drainage basin, while 49.98% and 32.45% of the area presented medium and high emergence fragility, respectively. The natural stability present in 66.92% of the area, does not exempt the sub-drainage basin from problems related to erosion, as this makes the soil more susceptible to be transported during periods of intense precipitation. With the removal of the vegetal cover this stability is broken, raising the level of fragility of the area.
Monesi, Roberto. "Homeorhetic assemblies: turning beehive formation dynamics into high-res tectonics." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10115/.
Full textHerrera, Marín Susan Carmela. "Mejora de la calidad de servicio ofrecido en las mypes de hospedaje ubicadas en destinos emergentes del Perú utilizando el sistema de aplicación de buenas prácticas." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/10366.
Full textTesis
Gouveia, Jorge Luiz Nobre. "Atuação de equipes de atendimento emergencial em vazamentos de combustíveis em postos e sistemas retalhistas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6134/tde-03112015-124755/.
Full textIntroduction: Environmental accidents involving leakage of automotive fuels at Gas Stations and Retailing Systems in the State of São Paulo account for 9.6% (522) of the total number of registered environmental accidents (5,413), according to CADAC - Environmental Accidents Register of the Environmental Sanitation Technology Company (CETESB) in the period between 1978 and 2003. Among the spate of reasons to explain the increase in these occurrences over the past few years, the aging of tanks, tubings and accessories stands out. A rapid evaluation by the teams which attend to emergencies is fundamental in the identification of eventual risks of explosions and adverse effects on public health, as well as the identification of the causative source(s) of the problem. Objective: To define the technical procedures, human resources and necessary materials, as well as the sequence of actions to be executed by teams for emergency response to accidents involving leakage and/or spillage of automotive fuels at gas stations and retaliling systems. Methodology: The methodology employed in this work is of the descriptive type, developed from bibliographic research at national and international environmental agencies, catalogues of manufacturers of portable toxic and inflammable gases and vapors detectors, international technical norms on leakages of various liquid and flammable substances and from practices recommended for the attending to hazardous materials, as well as the author\'s twelve years of experience in action as a chemist for the Emergency Operations Sector of CETESB. Results: The definition of the minimum sequence of actions, the human resources and materials, the technical procedures to be followed in response to emergency in automotive fuel leakage and the consolidation of this information in a protocol. Conclusions. This protocol is an important instrument in guaranteeing a better efficiency in these emergency responses, not only minimizing the risks to public health upon the failure of these ventures, but also the resulting environmental damage and involved costs in the emergency operation.
Pellizzeri, Vincenzo. "Sistemi energetici ibridi off-grid per applicazioni in aree rurali e paesi emergenti: analisi dello stato dell'arte." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textFerreira, Tiago Finkler. "Ecologia e aplicabilidade de métodos para avaliação da produção primária de Zizaniopsis bonariensis : uma macrófita aquática emergente, no sistema hidrológico do Taim, RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/6831.
Full textBagatta, Murilo Villas Bôas. "Eficácia de herbicidas aplicados na dessecação de duas espécies de cobertura e o efeito residual no controle de plantas daninhas no sistema de plantio direto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-25042017-154148/.
Full textThe tillage system is one of the most important agricultural systems of soil conservation, with large areas in Brazil. However, the presence of straw on the soil can influence the efficacy of herbicides when applied in pre-emergence of the weeds, the straw may hinder the transposition of the herbicide into the soil by soil adsorption or degradation. This work was developed to evaluate the influence of the soil covering percentage (PCS) on retention of residual herbicides when applied with the desiccant herbicide on forage green mass. Was tested three different soil coverage percentages (0%, 50% and 100%) originated from two species of forages commonly used on soybean no-tillage system in Brazil. Forage of Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke, Lolium multiflorum Lam., respectively millet and ryegrass were planted in clayey soil of the Center for Research and Development of DuPont in Paulínia, SP. Just before the beginning of flowering were made repetitive thinning to reach 0%, 50% and 100% of PCS for both forages. To measure the PCS were used aerial photos of the parcels, which were analyzed by ImageJ software. The herbicide treatments were sulfometurom-methyl + clorimurom-ethyl + glyphosate (18,75g i.a. ha-1 + 18,75g i.a. ha-1 + 2,16 kg e.a. ha-1), diclosulam + glyphosate (25 g i.a. ha-1 + 2,16 kg e.a. ha-1) and sulfentrazone + glyphosate (600 g i.a. ha-1 + 2,16 kg e.a. ha-1), and the untreated check (UTC) who only receive the application of desiccant herbicide, glyphosate (2,16 kg e.a. ha-1). Treatments were applied in desiccation of forage and pre-emergence of weeds. Visual evaluations were made at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56 and 63 days after application (DAA). By 63DAA the weeds were collected to obtain the dry mass the aerial part. There was no reduction in the effectiveness of weed control (I. grandifolia, C. echinatus, E. indica, C. benghalensis and R. brasiliensis). There was no reduction residual of diclosulam, sulfentrazone and sulfometurom-methyl + clorimurom-ethyl associated with glyphosate in desiccation of millet and ryegrass still green when compared to the application on the completely exposed soil.
Pires, André Xavier Pereira. "The impact of the emergent countries on the international monetary and financial markets : an analysis based on Central Banks metrics." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10661.
Full textEste trabalho propõe uma reflexão sobre a génese do problema das bolhas especulativas num contexto de crescente integração dos mercados, a uma escala global. Esta abordagem compreende duas dimensões: na primeira, considera-se um regime de políticas internas e suas implicações nas estruturas de capital domésticas; na segunda, considera-se o papel desempenhado pelo sistema monetário e financeiro internacional como veículo disseminador, igualmente amplificando, para a escala internacional estas mesmas políticas domésticas. Este trabalho destaca as dinâmicas entre Economias Desenvolvidas e Economias de Mercados Emergentes recorrendo à função desempenhada pelos fluxos de capitais internacionais como veículo de transmissão das diferentes políticas monetárias. Este trabalho recorre à Teoria de Capital Austríaca para explicar o processo de criação de riqueza, e utiliza posteriormente a Teoria Austríaca do Ciclo Economico, desenvolvido por Ludwig von Mises e Friedrich A. Hayek, por forma a explicar as distorções que a manipulação monetária exerce no eficiente processo de mercado de alocação de recursos. Pelo que nos foi possível apurar, tal abordagem não foi ainda explorada sob esta perspectiva, particularmente se tivermos em consideração a ligação entre distorções monetárias internas entre as grandes Economias Desenvolvidas e as Economias Emergentes, assim como o seu impacto à escala global, sendo esta a contribuição especifica deste trabalho.
This work proposes a reflection on the genesis of the problem of asset bubbles while integrating it in the context of the globalized market. We look at the problem on two dimensions: first, through the domestic policy regimes and its implications in the domestic capital structure; second, considering the role that the international monetary and financial system performs as a vehicle disseminating to the world, and amplifying, these same domestic policy measures. In this context, the dynamics between advanced economies and emergent market economies is highlighted resorting to the role played by international capital flows as a monetary policy-disseminating vehicle. We carry this exposition based on the Austrian Capital Theory to explain how the wealth creation process should be supported by an efficient market capital structure, and then we make use of the Austrian Business Cycle Theory, as developed by Ludwig von Mises and later by Friedrich A. Hayek, to explain the distortions that the monetary manipulation exerts on the efficient market process of resource allocation. As far as we know, such an approach has not yet been explored within this perspective, particularly regarding the link of domestic monetary distortions between both, big developed and emergent economies, and their global impact, and this is the specific contribution of the present work.
Wachs, Felipe. "Educação física e saúde mental: uma prática de cuidado emergente em centros de atenção psicossocial(CAPS)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14069.
Full textThis Master’s dissertation deals with the relationship between mental health and physical education. Its main objective is to discuss the issues about physical education teachers and the practices they develop in the Centers for Psychosocial Care (CAPS). This dissertation is based on the theoretical contribution of the Psychiatric Reform and is inspired methodologically on cartography. Through the examination of the relevant legislation; reports of national conferences on mental health; scientific production found in databases of the Virtual Health Library (BIREME) and; other academic manuscripts, approaching movements between mental health public policy and physical education were outlined. Field work was conducted on three CAPS (type II) of the 1st Regional Health Coordination of the Rio Grande do Sul state, which had physical education teachers in their teams. The observations ranged from two months to one year, and were recorded in a field log. From the material produced during the field work, six vignettes that demonstrate tension points between mental health and physical education in CAPS were selected. At the end of the investigation it was possible to comprehend that the presence of teachers in the CAPS requires them to incorporate codes and social functions of the institution which is not restricted to the simple implementation of physical activity programmes within the service. This allows the formation of the idea of "physical education that emerges from CAPS”, as opposed to a" physical education imposed in CAPS". At the same time, the presence of teachers and their practices mobilizes codes and functions in the search for other ways to organize the mental health care identified with social reintegration, deinstitutionalization and humanization.
Esta disertación trata de la relación entre educación física y salud mental y tiene como principal objetivo discutir los sentidos que circulan en Centros de Atención Psicosocial (CAPS) sobre la presencia de profesores de educación física y sobre las prácticas desarrolladas por ellos en el interior de ese servicio. Se sustenta en el aporte teórico de la Reforma Psiquiátrica y se inspira metodológicamente en la cartografia. A través del análisis documental de la legislación pertinente, de relatórios de las conferencias nacionales de salud mental, de la producción científica encontrada en las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BIREME) y posterior “exploración” manual de otros textos academicos; fueron trazados movimientos de aproximación entre las políticas públicas en salud mental y la educación física. El trabajo de campo fue realizado en 3 CAPS (do tipo II) de la 1ª Coordinación Regional de Salud del estado de Rio Grande do Sul, los cuales poseían profesores de educación física en la composición de sus equipos. Las observaciones variaron entre 2 meses y 1 año, y fueron registradas en diarios de campo. Del material produzido en campo fueron seleccionadas seis viñetas que permiten visualizar puntos de tensión entre educación física y salud mental en el CAPS. Al final de la investigación fue posible percibir que la presencia de los profesores en los CAPS exige de estes la incorporación de códigos y funciones sociales de la institución que no se resume a una simples implantación de programas de actividad fisica en el interior del servicio, lo que permite vislumbrar la constitución de una “educación fisica que emerge del CAPS” en contraposición a una “educación fisica impuesta en el CAPS”. Al mismo tiempo, la presencia de profesores y de sus prácticas mobiliza códigos y funciones en la búsqueda por otras formas de organizar el cuidado en salud mental identificados con la reinserción social, la desinstitucionalización y la humanización.