Dissertations / Theses: 'Situationist International'

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Cooper, Samuel Martin. "'A lot to answer for' : the English legacy of the Situationist International." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/39381/.

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This thesis draws attention to the overlooked period of English avant-garde activity that arose in response to the Situationist International (SI, 1957-1972). I attempt to consolidate the continued literary, political and artistic relevance of the disparate manifestations of English Situationist practices, while reflecting more broadly on the Anglicisation of Continental avant-garde traditions. The thesis contributes also to the ongoing re-evaluation of the SI through its peripheral and international permutations. The thesis presents an historical narrative in four stages. The first follows the formation of the Surrealist Group in England and its transformation into Mass- Observation. This activity in the Thirties is both prolepsis to and prehistory of the English Situationist tradition, which begins at the thesis's second stage, in the early Sixties, with the novelist and cultural organiser Alexander Trocchi, one of the first British members of the SI. The third stage introduces the short-lived English Section of the SI and its immediate precursor and successor groups of the late Sixties, all of whom undertook a cultural translation of the SI's project. The thesis's final stage identifies contemporary manifestations of what I argue is an English Situationist poetics, which exists independently of self-identifying avant-garde groups. Interwoven through my historical narrative are investigations of three recurring problems: the problem of ‘Englishness', and its perceived incompatibility with Continental avant-gardism; the problem of influence, whereby neo-avantgardism is dismissed as the hollow repetition of early twentieth century formations; and the Situationist problem of the radical aesthetic object's subsumption to a commodity economy. I offer readings of novels, films and visual materials; of tracts, manifestos and journal debates; and of theorists (especially Rancière) whose perspectives on history and political aesthetics are productively dissonant with those of the SI. Anglicised Situationist practices, I propose, are valuable precisely for their contestation of and movement through Situationist theory.

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Barnard, Adam Macleod. "The Situationist International : a case study of its contribution to political theory." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252330.

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Schultz, Heath. "But neither wood nor fire find any peace or satisfaction In any warmth, great or small, or in any resemblance between them, until the moment when the fire becomes one with the wood and imparts its own nature to it. Or: how two fragments meet and a film is made." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2628.

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Schumacher, Brian James. "Potential of the city the interventions of The Situationist International and Gordon Matta-Clark /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1453653.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed February 10, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-41).

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ROGERS, ASHLEY D. "THE INFLUENCE OF GUY DEBORD AND THE SITUATIONIST INTERNATIONAL ON PUNK ROCK ART OF THE 1970s." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1163784738.

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Wander, Kristine Claire. "Multi-Authorial Design for an Assisted Living Center." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1148260878.

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Young, Michael E. "City and the Festival: Architecture, Play, Urban Experience." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin990813665.

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Fine, Hunter Hawkins. "UNDERNEATH THE STREETS, THE BEACH: DRIFTING TOWARD/FROM A PROTO-POSTSTRUCTURALIST PERFORMANCE OF EVERYDAY SPATIAL SUBJECTIVITY." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/652.

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This dissertation maps a proto-poststructuralist tradition and fuses a subsequent methodology with/in a practice derived from performance studies to uncover a spatially informed corporeal notion of subjectivity. Combining the cultural and historically radical motility of the street skateboard and precursory surfboard with an ambulatory interpretation of radical political philosophy and subjectivity this work explores, through the lens of a drifting practitioner, a quotidian routine in The Commute, and a distinctly urban practice, in The Skateboard Dérive. Functioning as case situations these performance events are used to elaborate, produce, and apply a drifting approach to critical spatial inquiry through the recognition of four elemental notions: drifting, situating, becoming, and fragmenting.

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Ferreira, zacarias Gabriel. "Expérience et représentation du sujet : une généalogie de l'art et de la pensée de Guy Debord." Thesis, Perpignan, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PERP1205/document.

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Intellectuel évoluant aux marges des institutions, Guy Debord (1931-1994) fut l’auteur d’une pensée et d’un art hétérodoxes. Cette thèse tente de refaire le chemin de son expérience intellectuelle grâce à l’étude des documents inédits conservés au « Fonds Guy Debord » de la Bibliothèque nationale de France. Sont étudiés les manuscrits de ses œuvres, les documents préparatoires de ses films et, plus particulièrement, ses nombreuses fiches de lecture, afin d’établir une généalogie des concepts et des idées de l’auteur, en resituant Debord dans le contexte de son époque. Le grand débat qui animait alors la pensée française, partagée entre les vagues opposées de l’existentialisme et du structuralisme, se concentrait en effet sur l’affirmation ou la disparition du « sujet ». Debord ne participe pas directement à cette querelle et s’intéresse fort peu aux auteurs de la mode. Néanmoins, son œuvre constitue une réponse à ce débat, réponse donnée, d’abord, par l’élaboration d’un art expérimental qui remet le sujet en situation, en recherchant les déterminations objectives qui affectent la subjectivité ; ensuite, par l’élaboration d’une théorie – la théorie du « spectacle » – qui voit la séparation entre l’expérience et la représentation comme le propre de la modernité capitaliste ; enfin, par le développement d’une écriture – littéraire et cinématographique – qui puise dans le travail du détournement et de la citation le moyen de dépasser la séparation « spectaculaire » entre le sujet et le langage
Guy Debord (1931-1994), always on the margins of cultural and intellectual institutions, authored a heterodox style of thought and art. Through extensive archival research in the “Fonds Guy Debord”, a collection of unpublished notes and manuscripts in the Bibliothèque nationale de France, this thesis seeks to retrace Debord’s intellectual experience. These documents allow for the creation of a genealogy of the author’s key concepts and enable us to situate him in the intellectual context of his times. Contemporary French thought was dominated by existentialism and structuralism. Discussion of the empowerment and disappearance of the “subject” was therefore central. Although Debord took no direct part in these disputes, expressing disinterest in the authors then in vogue, his works did respond to this debate: First of all, in his experimental art, which places the subject in a “situation” and thereby seeks to discover the objective determinations that affect subjectivity; secondly, in his theoretical work – in particular, the theory of the spectacle –, in which capitalist modernity is characterized as a growing separation between experience and representation; and thirdly, in his literary and cinematic works, in which the practice of détournement appears as a method for a subjective re-appropriation of representation

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MONTE, Luiz Augusto Dutra Souza do. "Deriva e psicogeografia na cidade contemporânea: experimento situacionista no centro do Recife." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17370.

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Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-14T13:31:01Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERT FINAL LUIZ DO MONTE (DERIVA).pdf: 10122837 bytes, checksum: 6db0540667955b021d4d419d18966252 (MD5)
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo experimentar a deriva e a psicogeografia, técnicas provenientes do movimento artístico intitulado Internacional Situacionista, no centro expandido do Recife. A deriva e a psicogeografia foram conceitos criados pelos situacionistas por volta da década de 1950. Enquanto a psicogeografia se apresenta como uma ciência de apreensão das afetividades urbanas, a deriva é compreendida pelo movimento como uma técnica de passagem por ambientes da cidade que compõe um desdobramento prático dessa apreensão psicogeográfica. A pesquisa pretende verificar a validade das técnicas em relação às suas propostas de aplicação e as possíveis contribuições dessa revisitação de ideias situacionistas numa cidade contemporânea. Para aplicação das técnicas foi elaborada uma metodologia baseada primordialmente nos preceitos situacionistas, mas que também agregou questões relativas à fenomenologia, à psicologia e ao estudo de mapas e diagramas. A partir dessa metodologia foram realizadas pesquisas de campo de cunho experimental que geraram documentos, relatos e ilustrações referentes ao resultado desse processo. As conclusões expostas posteriormente apontam para a validação de algumas das hipóteses situacionistas relativas à aplicação das técnicas e discutem em grande parte o papel das novas tecnologias além de outros fatores que tornam a experiência da deriva e da psicogeografia singulares na contemporaneidade.
This work intents to experience the dérive and the psychogeography, techniques of the artistic movement called Situationist International in the expanded center of Recife. The derive and the psychogeography were concepts created by the situationists in the 1950’s. While the psychogeography presents itself as a seizure science of urban affections, the drift is understood by the movement as a technique of passage through city environments, which makes up a practical unfolding of psychogeographic apprehension. The research aims to verify the validity of the techniques in relation to their proposals and the possible contributions of revisiting situationist ideas in a contemporary city. For the application of the techniques a methodology based primarily in Situationists precepts was created, but also with the addition of questions related to phenomenology, psychology and the study of maps and diagrams. Based on this methodology were performed experimental nature field researchs that generated documents, reports and illustrations for the result of this process. The conclusions later exposed point to the validation of some of the Situationists assumptions related to the application of techniques and discuss mostly the role of new technologies and other factors that make the experience of drift and psychogeography unique in contemporaneity.

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Lima, Rodrigo Nogueira. "A situação construída." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18142/tde-20062012-155720/.

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A dissertação analisa a trajetória da Internacional Situacionista durante o período de sua existência, de 1957 até 1972, salientando as ressonâncias dos ideários das vanguardas do Futurismo, Dadaísmo e Surrealismo, no ideário da I.S.. Sua importância está vinculada a reinvenção do espaço público como lugar de criação cultural e ação política, além do fato de serem recorrentes na arte contemporânea as ideias de obra coletiva, participação, construção efêmera e de evento, que nos remete as ações da I.S. e dos movimentos citados. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar e compreender a ideia de situação construída, a qual era o propósito fundamental dos situacionistas. Nessa abordagem revelamos as origens da ideia de situação construída e como ela é fruto da revisão crítica que a I.S. faz das experiências e conceitos das vanguardas analisadas. A metodologia utilizada examina de forma comparativa os textos produzidos pela I.S. com os do Futurismo, Dadaísmo e Surrealismo, contrapondo suas ideias no campo da arte, cultura, política e meios de ação nos espaços urbanos. A leitura dos textos primários, obras de \"arte\" e jornais situacionistas formam a base da análise. Os textos pré-situacionistas assim como os textos referentes às vanguardas analisadas, indicam a arqueologia do pensamento situacionista, expondo as suas diferenças e aproximações fundamentais entre os movimentos. Enquanto os textos secundários, análise de historiadores e comentadores da I.S., expandem o universo situacionista no contexto das décadas de 50, 60 e 70, auxiliando na compreensão de suas teorias, julgamentos e ações.
The dissertation analyzes the history of the Situationist International (S.I.) during its existence from 1957 until 1972, emphasizing the resonances of the ideals of the vanguards of Futurism, Dadaism and Surrealism, the ideals of S.I.. Its importance is linked to the reinvention of public space as a place of cultural and political action. Besides the fact they are recurrent in contemporary art, the ideas of collective work, participation, construction and ephemeral event, which brings us the action of S.I. and movements mentioned. The objective of this research is to analyze and understand the idea of constructed situation, which was the fundamental purpose of the Situationists. In this approach reveal the origins of the idea of constructed situation and how it is the result of the critical of the S.I. makes the experiences and concepts of the vanguards analyzed. The methodology examines in a comparative way the texts produced by S.I. with Futurism, Dadaism and Surrealism, opposing ideas in art, culture, politics and means of action in urban areas. The reading of primary texts, works of \"art\" Situationist and newspapers form the basis of the analysis. The pre-situationist texts as well as texts concerning vanguards analyzed, indicate the archeology of Situationist thought giving the fundamental differences and similarities between the movements. While the secondary texts, analysis of historians and commentators of the S.I., situationist expand the universe in the context of the 50, 60 and 70, assisting in the understanding of his theories, judgments and actions.

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Cochard, Bertrand. "Guy Debord et la philosophie." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR2026.

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À la fin des années 1950, Guy Debord entreprend de confronter ses thèses et intuitions, initialement construites au sein des avant-gardes artistiques, avec la philosophie allemande. Il étudie Hegel et Marx, découvre le marxisme « hétérodoxe » (Karl Korsch, Georg Lukács, Anton Pannekoek), discute les théoriciens et commentateurs de son temps (Jean Hyppolite, Henri Lefebvre, Lucien Goldmann), et importe certains concepts issus de cette tradition (totalité, aliénation, marchandise, etc.) au sein de sa propre pensée. Quelles ont été les conséquences de ce « tournant » philosophique ? Comment l’étude de ce tournant peut-elle permettre de mettre en question la réduction de l’auteur de La Société du Spectacle à un sociologue critique de « la société de consommation » ? L’objectif de ce travail, comportant trois parties – Esthétique (I), Philosophie critique (II), Philosophie du temps et de l’histoire (III) – est de faire émerger la singularité de Guy Debord dans le champ philosophique, en plaçant notamment la question du temps au cœur de cette singularité
At the end of the 1950s, Guy Debord sought to confront with German philosophy the ideas and intuitions he first developed within the artistic avant-gardes. He studied Hegel and Marx, discovered heterodox Marxism (Karl Korsch, Georg Lukács, Anton Pannekoek), questioned theorists and commentators of his time (Jean Hyppolite, Henri Lefebvre, Lucien Goldmann) and started using several concepts from these traditions (eg. totality, alienation, commodity, etc.) in his own speech. This work aims to analyze the consequences of his philosophical “turn” in order to question the portrait of Guy Debord as a sociologist who criticized “consumer society”. It is presented in three parts – Aesthetics (I), Critical Philosophy (II), and Philosophy of Time and History (III). Its ambition is to reveal the philosophical singularity of the author of The Society of the Spectacle, especially on matters concerning Philosophy of Time

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Parra, Jose Dario Vargas. "Situações: da tecnologia à interação entre arte e política." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-06072017-112340/.

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O objetivo de Situações: da Tecnologia à interação entre Arte e Política é a apresentação de modos pelos quais a experiência estética no espaço urbano pode gerar atos de resistência capazes de uma expressão efetiva no âmbito da prática política. Trata-se da criação de experimentações estéticas por meio de operações poéticas que têm como recurso a utilização das tecnologias teleinformáticas. A hipótese é de que a eficácia estética desses experimentos, com o uso dos dispositivos teleinformáticos, evidencia as potencialidades político-ideológicas contidas na mídia, cujos usos costumeiros têm se prestado mais amplamente aos propósitos da ordem e à reprodução ampliada da produção capitalista. Nesse contexto, o conceito de \"situação\" tem particular relevo para a experimentação poética, ele expressa a ideia central do movimento Internacional Situacionista (IS), que consiste na adoção de um \"comportamento experimental poético\" como procedimento de intervenção afetiva no ambiente urbano convencional, cotidiano, visando sua transformação \"em uma qualidade passional superior\". Em Situações: da Tecnologia à interação entre Arte e Política, a partir da criação de um conjunto de situações procura-se constituir uma poética de subversão, cujo objetivo central é a instauração de um campo estético propício para novas experiências comunitárias em rede, aberto à participação coletiva, ao diálogo e à mudança de certos modos de produção. As operações poéticas efetuadas almejam também contribuir para a produção de conhecimento interdisciplinar acerca dos dispositivos de dominação política, no estágio de desenvolvimento capitalista em que a produção de bens culturais tornou-se fundamental à própria reprodução ampliada do capital, por meio da construção de duas situações: \"Intransferência\" e \"Unidade Tática de Comunicação Ativa - UTCAt\" e outros experimentos poéticos, trabalhos migrantes que, desarticulados das situações, mantém com elas estreita familiaridade.
The present work, Situations: from Technology to interaction between Art and Politics, aims to present ways through which aesthetic experiences in urban spaces generate resistance acts capable of an effective expression within the political practice. It is constituted by aesthetic experiments via poetic operations which resort to teleinformatics technologies. The hypothesis is that the aesthetic efficacy of such experiments, which use teleinformatics devices, makes evident the political-ideological potentialities contained in such media, which have been more commonly used in support of the Order and for the enhanced reproduction of capitalist production. In this context, the concept of \'situation\' is of much consequence for poetic experimentation, it expresses the key Idea of the Situationist International (SI) movement, which consists in the adoption of an \'experimental behavior\' as an affective intervention procedure in the conventional everyday urban environment, targeting its transformation into \'a higher passional quality\'. In Situations: from Technology to interaction between Art and Politics, stemming from the creation of a set of situations, we attempt to build a poetics of subversion, whose central objective is instituting a favorable aesthetic field for new community web experiences, open to collective participation, to dialogue and to the change of certain modes of production. The poetic operations carried out also intend to contribute to the production of interdisciplinary knowledge about the political domination devices, in the stage of capitalist development in which the production of cultural goods has become fundamental to the very amplified reproduction of capital itself, by means of the construction of two situations, \'Intransference\' and \'Tactical Unit of Active Communication - TUAcT, along with other poetic experiments, migrating works which, albeit not articulated with the situations, keep with them a close familiarity.

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Ribeiro, Diego Mauro Muniz. "Internacional Situacionista e Superstudio: arquitetura e utopia nos anos 1960-1970." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16136/tde-20122016-144850/.

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Esta dissertação se propõe a investigar, no campo da arquitetura e urbanismo, os empregos do termo \"utopia\" num período em que este foi especialmente movente e dissensual: o final dos anos 1950 até o início dos anos 1970, no contexto europeu. Elegeu-se, para estudo de caso, as proposições da Internacional Situacionista e do Superstudio. Acompanharemos de forma mais detida os escritos situacionistas desde a fundação do movimento (1957) até cerca de 1961, período em que as discussões do grupo estão voltadas para a arquitetura, o urbanismo e a arte. No caso de Superstudio, priorizaremos a sua produção desde o seu surgimento (dezembro de 1966) até 1973, que é quando o interesse do grupo migra do tema da utopia para o estudo de modos de vida vernaculares e não-urbanos. A eleição destes dois grupos diz respeito à forma bastante distinta com que cada um lida com a questão das utopias, ao mesmo tempo que o lastro marxista comum nos permite traçar uma série de comparações, marcando as suas aproximações e divergências
This dissertation proposes to investigate, in the field of architecture and urbanism, the The term \"utopia\" in a period in which it was especially Dissensual: the late 1950s to the early 1970s in the European context. The case of the Situationist International and the Superstudio. We will more closely follow the situationist writings from the Foundation of the movement (1957) until about 1961, when discussions of the Focus on architecture, urbanism and art. In the case of Superstudio, We will prioritize its production from its inception (December 1966) until 1973, Which is when the interest of the group migrates from the theme of utopia to the study of modes of Vernacular and non-urban life. The election of these two groups concerns the Quite different from what each one deals with the question of utopias, at the same time That the common Marxist ballast allows us to draw a series of comparisons, marking Their approximations and divergences.

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Perruchon, Véronique. "L'oeuvre théâtrale d'André Engel : machine et rhizome." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030125.

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Cette thèse explore et analyse l’œuvre théâtrale d’André Engel, metteur en scène français atypique. Depuis 1972, il travaille avec une équipe de création constituée des dramaturges Bernard Pautrat puis Dominique Muller, du décorateur Nicky Rieti et de l’éclairagiste André Diot. André Engel a d’abord créé ses spectacles dans des lieux inédits : haras, usine désaffectée, ancienne mairie, hangar, donnant naissance à des « Objets Théâtraux Non Identifiés » qui marquèrent le théâtre des années soixante-dix et quatre-vingt ; formes que la nécessité de travailler dans les salles fit évoluer. Attaché à la question du spectateur, André Engel a, tout au long de son œuvre, proposé un renouvellement de son statut. De la création « hors les murs » au théâtre en salle, du « détour » par l’opéra à la tentation du cinéma, l’œuvre d’André Engel, constituée en cycles, est une véritable aventure théâtrale, une machine au rhizome complexe qui sort des repères connus. Nourri de philosophie allemande, d’influences deleuziennes et de lectures situationnistes, André Engel est venu au théâtre pour changer le monde. Il crée des événements, des expérimentations, des situations, proposant de nouveaux espaces-temps dans un acte de résistance et de reconquête du monde qui s’associe à une poésie de l’errance, du voyage et de la dérive. Machine de guerre contre « la société du spectacle », le théâtre est, pour André Engel, le lieu et le moyen d’un combat contre le monde aliéné, pour la reconquête de l’authenticité du réel
This thesis explores and analyzes the theatrical work of André Engel, an unconventional French stage director, working since 1972 with a team composed of dramatists Bernard Pautrat followed by Dominique Muller, designer Nicky Rieti and lighting designer André Diot, as a creative ensemble. André Engel staged his first performances in unusual places : a stud farm, a disused factory, a former town hall, a warehouse, giving birth to « Objets Théâtraux Non Identifiés » : landmarks in the theatre scene of the 70s and 80s. The need to work in conventional theatre brought with it in an evolution of his art. Throughout his work, André Engel proposes a new vision of the status of spectator. From « hors les murs » to more traditional venues, from incursions into opera to the temptations of cinema, these cycles in André Engel’s work are a true adventure in theatre, a machine with a complex rhizome which does not tread well-beaten paths. Nurtured by German philosophy, by the thought of Gilles Deleuze and influenced by readings of the Situationists, André Engel came to theatre in order to change the world. He creates events, experiments, situations, offering as an act of resistance, new dimensions in space and time : re-conquests of a world associated with the poetics of wandering, travelling, being adrift. As a machine for war against « la société du spectacle » as Guy Debord calls it, theatre for André Engel provides the perfect place and means for fighting against a world of alienation, for re-conquering the authenticity of the real

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Billon-Grand, Pascal. "La poésie et la « révolution de l’existence quotidienne »." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20053/document.

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Du premier cercle romantique allemand, à la fin du XVIIIème siècle, jusqu’à l’Internationale Situationniste, dans les années 1960, en passant notamment par les groupes futuristes, dadaïstes et surréalistes, la poésie s’est identifiée au projet d’une révolution globale et permanente de l’existence quotidienne. Pendant près de deux siècles, tous ces poètes ont tenté de concilier les mots d’ordre marxiste et rimbaldien « transformer le monde » et « changer la vie ». Ce faisant, ils redéfinirent les formes et les pratiques de la poésie de même que les termes et les enjeux du programme socialiste révolutionnaire du XIXème siècle, définissant ainsi ce que nous appelons un « socialisme du XXème siècle ». Au-delà du domaine classique de l’écriture littéraire, la poésie doit désormais se réaliser en états superbes, en gestes et en comportements inédits, transposant dans le réel et dans les actes tout le potentiel de créativité jusque-là contenu dans le domaine des lettres et de la fiction. Ses principales caractéristiques (autonomie, culture des désirs, créativité et capacité à redynamiser et à repassionner le réel en excédant sans cesse les données sensibles et intellectuelles présentes) définissent un nouvel exercice de la vie, à la fois individuel et social, tandis que sa perception de l’univers, en tant que système dynamique, permet d’envisager un nouveau modèle politique fondé sur les mêmes principes d’autonomie, de créativité et de dynamisme social.Ce présent travail tente de cerner et d’analyser les enjeux et les pratiques liés à un tel projet, jusque dans ses prolongements les plus récents. Nous avons exploité l’histoire des idées en vue d’un seul véritable objectif : appréhender au plus près les enjeux de pratiques à la fois diverses et convergentes, mettre en évidence les apports, la pertinence et les éventuelles limites de leur démarche pour les réinscrire dans ce que nous appelons une « théorie des pratiques » et produire ainsi, au-delà de ces réalisations du passé, les fondements d’une nouvelle théorie pratique
From the first german romantism, at the end of the XVIIIth century, to the International Situationnist, in the 1960’s, through the futurist, the dadaïst and the surrealist avant-gardes, poetry became one with the project of a global and permanent revolution of the everyday life. During almost two centuries, all these poets have tried to reconcile the marxist and the rimbaldian key-words « transform the world » and « change the life ». In doing so, they redetermined the forms and the practices of the poetry, as well as the terms and the stakes of the revolutionnary socialist program, determining what we call a « Twentieth century socialism ». Beyond the classical range of the litterary writing, poetry has now to be realized into new acts and behaviours, transposing all the potential of creativity contained in the letters and the fictions until now. Its main characteristics (autonomy, developement of the desires, creativity and ability to redynamize and to impassion reality) define a new way of life and its perception of the universe as a dynamic system defines a new political model based on the same principles of self-government, creativity and social dynamism.All along this work, we have tried to define and to analyze the stakes and the practices linked to such a project, up to now. We have processed the history of ideas with one purpose : to define the stakes of varied and convergent practices, their contributions and their limitations, in order to incorporate them into what we called a « theory of practices » and to create the basis of a new practical theory for the present times

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17

Stenner, Jack Eric. "Public news network: digital sampling to create a hybrid media feed." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/456.

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A software application called Public News Network (PNN) is created in this thesis, which functions to produce an aesthetic experience in the viewer. The application engenders this experience by presenting a three-dimensional virtual world that the viewer can navigate using the computer mouse and keyboard. As the viewer navigates the environment she sees irregularly shaped objects resting on an infinite ground plane, and hears an ethereal wind. As the viewer nears the objects, the sound transforms into the sound of television static and text is displayed which identifies this object as representative of an episode of the evening news. The viewer "touches" the episode and a "disembodied" transcript of the broadcast begins to scroll across the screen. With further interaction, video of the broadcast streams across the surfaces of the environment, distorted by the shapes upon which it flows. The viewer can further manipulate and repurpose the broadcast by searching for words contained within the transcript. The results of this search are reassembled into a new, re-contextualized display of video containing the search terms stripped from their original, pre-packaged context. It is this willful manipulation that completes the opportunity for true meaning to appear.

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18

Nicklin, Hannah. "First person theatre : how performative tactics and frameworks (re)emerging in the digital age are forming a new personal-as-political." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14579.

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This study sets out to explore first person theatre as a means of opening the individual to the problems of contemporary capitalism and its increasing pervasion of the personal in an era of embeddedness enabled by networked pervasive technology. Firstly setting out key definitions and a theoretical analysis of the problems of being in the digital age in chapter 1, and then setting this against the history of interaction in performance in chapter 2. The study then goes on (in chapters 3-5) to investigate three key aspects of first person performance as personal-as-political; sound and the city, play and games, and interactive theatre. In the final chapter, The Umbrella Project develops a piece of first person theatre as practice, a method of investigation that is vital to a thesis that discusses politics, late capitalism, and the means to resist the message-sending of private interests as fundamentally only to be understood in practice. For this reason, too, chapters 3, 4 and 5 are supported by key case studies discussing other first person theatre practice. By placing the participant at the centre of the world-constituting process of theatre in the hot space between what is and what if this study suggests that first person theatre is able to open the contemporary individual to an inbetween where they might re-see, reflect and react to what is. To imagine and, if wished, act upon a what if. In an age of the disrupted near and far, the vanishing of the interface, of the false rhetoric of choice of personalisation , and the often false rhetoric of agency at the end of the era of broadcast, first person theatre offers the subject a route to individual agency, an understanding of the urban environment as construct, and to their relationship with the subjective other something which this thesis suggests is a personal-as-political practice to rival the Spectacle of late capitalism.

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Kaemmerling, Astrid. "Walking the Gentrifying Streetscape: Artistic Practice in San Francisco's Mission District (2006-2016)." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1466446720.

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20

Dalmoro, Daniel. "Tempo da representação em A Sociedade do Espetáculo, de Guy Debord." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/11637.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel Dalmoro.pdf: 937799 bytes, checksum: 2de885b42cac7d5bee7abccea95884db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-17
This work focuses in the book The Society of Spectacle, from the french polemicist Guy Debord (1931-1994). Initially, there is the study regarding the influences to whom the author dialogues directly or indirectly Marxism, French philosophy, the artistic avant-gardes of the twentieth century. Subsequently, it follows more closely to the refered book, in particular in the matter of representation the representation in politics, representation in language and representation of time. Finally, there is a brief critical readback of the 1988's text, Comentaries about the Society of Spectacle
Este trabalho versa sobre a obra A sociedade do espetáculo, do polemista francês Guy Debord (1931-1994). Num primeiro momento são levantadas as influências com quem o autor dialoga direta ou indiretamente , o marxismo, a filosofia francesa, as vanguardas artísticas do século XX. A seguir se debruça mais detidamente sobre o livro referido, em especial na questão da representação a representação na política, a representação na linguagem, a representação do tempo. Enfim, há um breve cotejamento crítico com o texto de 1988, Comentários sobre a sociedade do espetáculo

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Berthelot, Martin R. "Spectacle and Resistance in the Modern and Postmodern Eras." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24272.

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The advanced stage of capitalism that we now live in has brought many changes to the way that society consumes and produces. One of the biggest shifts to the modern economy was the use of visual culture to distract, pacify, and exert power over the masses; a cultural change French theorist Guy Debord named the Society of the Spectacle. As a result, Debord and the Situationist International developed a movement of resistance to reclaim the territories of everyday life being eroded by the spectacle through separation and alienation. Since the term was coined the use of visual culture has accelerated and become even more pervasive in the postmodern world which led Jean Baudrillard to claim that the real has been replaced by simulation and hyperreality. This thesis explores this cultural shift to determine whether the practices of resistance theorized by Debord and the Situationists are still relevant as the reach of postmodernism increases. Link to associated video file: https://vimeo.com/64727252

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Bilyachenko, Alexey. "La circulation internationale des situations juridiques." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LAROD001/document.

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La présente thèse part d’une tendance de la jurisprudence européenne, destinée à influencer la jurisprudence nationale de droit international privé, et se trouve dans le prolongement d’un grand débat doctrinal d’actualité. Il s’agit de la méthode de reconnaissance des situations juridiques, qui suppose l’abandon de la règle de conflit de lois. L’objectif est de conceptualiser cette nouvelle méthode et d’en définir le domaine et les conditions de mise en œuvre. Vu les particularités du sujet, la recherche passe nécessairement par plusieurs thèmes fondamentaux du droit international privé mais aussi du droit européen, du droit privé général et de la théorie du droit
Inspired by a trend in the European case law, which is meant to affect the national ones, the dissertation takes part to a topical debate among European academics on the putting aside the choice-of-law rules. It is about application of so-called recognition method to the foreign legal situations that haven’t been enacted in court. The purpose is to conceptualise this new method and to determine its scope and its modalities. Given the particularity of the task, the study necessarily bears on several pivotal topics of private international law but also of European law, general private law and jurisprudence

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Theodoropoulou, Evgenia. "L'"Internationale situationniste" : un projet d'art total." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010521.

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Cette thèse propose une étude de 1'« Internationale situationniste» et de son histoire, en tant que projet artistique et mouvement d'avant-garde. Nous analysons ce projet comme un projet d'« art total », et tentons l'élucidation de ses dimensions, à la fois esthétique et politique, de ses manifestations sensibles et conceptuelles. Deux perspectives principales sont adoptées. La première, historique, retrace tout d’abord les parcours de Guy Debord et Asger Jorn, jusqu’au moment de la fondation de l’ « Internationale situationniste » en juillet 1957. Nous considérons comme point de départ de cette histoire, le surréalisme, comme principale source d’inspiration idéologique et poétique de ces derniers. Le mouvement Cobra et le Lettrisme d'Isidore Isou sont étudiés comme phases préliminaires durant lesquelles une grande partie des pratiques et des concepts situationnistes commencent à être élaborés. La deuxième perspective adoptée est celle des œuvres et des concepts. Nous replaçons l'I. S. Dans le contexte artistique des années soixante, et tentons ainsi de contribuer à la réflexion sur le sens et l'avenir du concept d'« avant-garde »

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Schmitt, Florent. "L'art comme jeu : pratiques et utopies." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAC019/document.

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L'art comme jeu n'est pas une simple métaphore. Il correspond à la forme que prennent de nombreuses œuvres d'art notamment les maquettes et miniatures contemporaines et aujourd'hui le jeu est représenté ou mis en scène dans de nombreuses expositions. Cependant l'artiste n'est pas un joueur comme les autres mais un joueur professionnel qui s'oppose à la figure du non-artiste ou de l'artiste amateur défendue par les artistes des avant-gardes qui avaient élevé le jeu au rang d'art. Alors que la consommation de l'art prend la forme d'un divertissement à grande échelle et que l'on assiste à une Disneylandisation des musées, l'art contemporain comme jeu ne semble plus aussi subversif que celui des années soixante. Pourtant l'art comme jeu en tant que modèle et outil de changement social perdure. C'est un art d'attitude, héritier des dernières avant-gardes, se tenant en dehors des frontières habituelles de l'art et réalisant le dépassement souhaité par les situationnistes ou Allan Kaprow
Art as play is not only a metaphor. It is the particular form of many works of art, especially contemporary models and miniatures. Play itself is nowadays represented or staged in numerous exhibitions. However, the artist is not a player like any other but a professional player in contrast to the figure of the non-artist or amateur artist defended by avant-garde artists who had raised play to the level of art. While the consumption of art takes the form of large-scale entertainment and we witness a Disneylandisation of museums, contemporary art as play no longer seems as subversive as it did in the sixties. Yet art as play as model and tool for social change endures. It is an art of attitude, heir to the last avant-gardes, standing outside the usual boundaries of art and an art that achieves the desired by Allan Kaprow and the Situationists

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25

Sall, Alioune. "La notion d'urgence en droit international." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010310.

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Bien qu'ignorée des index des traités et manuels, la notion d'urgence n'en connait pas moins un vaste domaine en droit international. Mais elle reste une notion difficile puisqu'insusceptible d'une définition formelle unique. On peut toutefois ramener l'ensemble de ses manifestations a deux caractéristiques. 1. La relativité le concept d'urgence lui-même est relatif parce qu'il est plus ou moins impliqué dans d'autres notions voisines (état de nécessité et force majeure). Il l'est également dans la mesure où elle est fonction des contextes, dont chacun a sa singularité. Ainsi, l'urgence peut requérir aussi bien le maintien d'un état de fait que l'évitement d'un danger imminent; elle peut être prise en charge aussi bien par l'action unilatérale que par l'action collective. L’urgence serait-elle des lors insusceptible de contrôle, au sens judiciaire du terme ? En fait, l'objectivation de l'urgence se fera par des biais comme le principe de proportionnalité ou l'épuisement des voies de règlement offertes aux parties (devant le CIJ). Quant au contrôle même de celle-ci, elle a fréquemment lieu par le biais de la notification préalable (pour les activités dangereuses notamment). 2. La fonctionnalité dans l'ordre international, l'urgence remplit trois fonctions : a) Fonction d'habilitation (exemple-type : le maintien de la paix par le conseil de sécurité) b) Fonction de dérogation : dérogation à des règles procédurales ou à des règles de fond. Mais l'urgence peut réserver des surprises à l'intérieur même du régime d'urgence codifié. C) Fonction d'intégration : d'un point de vue général et sociologique, l'urgence est diffuse dans une société "close" et conflictuelle comme l'actuelle. Cela se traduit par une nouvelle dimension sociale du droit international et un abrégement des modes de formations de celui-ci
The notion of emergency is ignored by the books but its area is very wide in international law. However it's a very difficult concept because it depends on contexts. Nevertheless, it can be sumed by two features : 1 Relativity : the notion of emergency itself can be included in concepts like "state of necessity" or "circumstances outside one's control". Secondly, it depends on circumstances, which are various. Thus, emergency can request at one time the keeping of circumstances, at another time the shunning of an imminent danger ; in the same way, it can request at one time an unilateral action, at another time a collective action. . . . However the notion of emergency may be verified through principles like proportionality or the exhaustion of means to settle the dispute (before the icj especially). The verification of emergency is often made through a preliminary notification (concerning "dangerous" activities for example) 2 Functionality in international law, the notion of emergency makes three offices : a) An office of habilitation (like the security council keeping or restoring international peace) b) An office of derogation : derogation to procedural rules or fundamental norms c) an office of integration : emergency can strengthen the interdependence of the states (when a danger threats them). The notion of emergency can also be the reason of some tendencies of the international law, like the development of unilateralism or the "acceleration" of international custom. . .

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26

Morales, Bonilla Juan del Cristo. "La Internacional Situacionista: la superación de la sociedad del espectáculo a través de la realización de la poesía." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/275962.

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El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral ha sido el estudio de la Internacional Situacionista desde una perspectiva contemporánea, es decir, no con la intención de entender su proyecto en las condiciones en las que surgió, sino en lo que, todavía, nos puede aportar para los retos políticos y estéticos contemporáneos. Para ello, el trabajo se divide en cuatro partes, en las cuales se desarrollan todos los aspectos más importantes de los situacionistas: -En la primera parte, se intenta describir el concepto de "realización del arte", fundamental para entender el proyecto estético de los situacionistas. Para ello, se estudian los elementos que tomaron tanto del dadaísmo como del surrealismo para producir su propia respuesta a esta pregunta. Entendieron esta idea como la necesidad de ir más allá de los medios artísticos como herramientas para la transformación de la vida cotidiana. -En la segunda parte, se intenta describir el concepto de "realización de la filosofía" como una especie de centro conceptual que resume el aspecto político-filosófico de la Internacional Situacionista. Se hace una reconstrucción de los elementos de la filosofía de Hegel, Karl Korsch, Georg Lukacs, Herbert Marcuse, Ernst Bloch o Socialisme ou Barbarie en relación a la formulación de un marxismo muy poco ortodoxo que, sin embargo, contenía elementos esenciales para la renovación del marxismo. Además, se hace un estudio detallado de las principales ideas-fuerza de los situacionistas: el papel de la alienación, la pregunta por el nuevo sujeto de la historia, la crítica al trabajo asalariado, el concepto de "situación construida", el "juego" o los consejos obreros, entre otros. -En la tercera parte, se hace un estudio de las revueltas sociales inspiradas por ese modo de hacer política inaugurado por los situacionistas, en especial el Mayo del 68 francés y el Otoño caliente italiano. Posteriormente, se investiga la recuperación de las ideas situacionistas en el contexto de una readaptación del capitalismo a las necesidades de libertad y emancipación de las sociedades occidentales. -En la cuarta parte, se intenta hacer un esbozo de las aportaciones que hicieron los situacionistas en el contexto de las necesidades político-filosóficas actuales. Conceptos como los de "malestar" o "anonimato" surgen de las prácticas de los situacionistas, y nos sirven todavía hoy para pensar un mundo que tiene que ser interpretado con nuevas categorías.

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Ohrt, Roberto. "Phantom Avantgarde : eine Geschichte der Situationistischen Internationale und der modernen Kunst /." Hamburg : Ed. Nautilus, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35492288w.

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28

Belaich, Fabrice. "La non-reconnaissance des situations internationalement illicites : aspects contemporains." Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020071.

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La non-reconnaissance d'une situation internationalement illicite est un phenomene qui presente deux aspects : d'abord celui d'une pretention, emise par un sujet du droit international, par laquelle ce dernier qualifie une situation de contraire au droit international; ensuite celui d'un processus, par lequel les sujets qui ont emis cette pretention s'efforcent de parvenir au retablissement du statu quo ante, c'est-a-dire au retablissement de la situation qui prevalait avant la survenance du fait internationalement illicite qui est a l'origine de la situation. Il apparait au terme de l'analyse de la pratique contemporaine que juridiquement la technique de la non-reconnaissance est deficiente, parce qu'il est impossible de prevoir ce qui va advenir lorsqu'une situation susceptible de faire l'objet d'une non-reconnaissance apparait
The non-recognition of an internationally illicit situation is a phenomenon which presents two aspects : first, the aspect of a pretension, put forward by a subject of international law, by which it qualifies a situation as contrary to international law; second , the aspect of a process, by which the subjects which have put forward this pretension endeavour to restore the statu quo ante, which is the situation which prevailed before the internationally illicit fact which created the situation occured. After having analysed the contemporary practice, it appears that juridically the technique of non-recognition is deficient, for it is impossible to foresee what is going to occur when a situation susceptible to be the object of a non-recognition appears

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29

Milano, Enrico. "Unlawful territorial situations in international law : reconciling effectiveness, legality and legitimacy /." Leiden [u.a.] : Nijhoff, 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/506618226.pdf.

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30

Milano, Enrico. "Unlawful territorial situations : reconciling effectiveness, legality and legitimacy in international law." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2778/.

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While the last few years have seen a strong attention by international lawyers towards alleged breaches of Article 2(4) of the UN Charter, much less attention has been devoted to the effects produced by such interventions upon the victim state. Article 2(4)'s main function is arguably to protect the 'territorial integrity or political independence' of states, and the aims and effects of military interventions often undermine states' territorial sovereignty well after the cessation of the hostilities. The thesis sheds light on the extent to which international law protects states' and peoples' territorial sovereignty by studying the phenomenon of unlawful territorial situations. An unlawful territorial situation can be defined as a territorial occupation established and maintained as a result of a violation of international law, such as in the case of the illegal use of force. The thesis analyses unlawful territorial situations through the lenses of the legal-normative concepts of effectiveness, legality and legitimacy. The concept of effectiveness as a device for transforming effective realities into law was considered one of the fundamental principles of international law during the 19th century and the first part of the 20th century. It deeply influenced the notions of statehood and territorial sovereignty as inherited by contemporary international law. However, the second part of the 20th century has seen the emergence of principles of substantive legality limiting the action of effectiveness as a source of territorial entitlement. The thesis shows how a situation of territorial unlawfulness can be defined with regard to four international legal principles: the prohibition against the change of territorial status through the use of force; uti possidetis iuris, self-determination; and territorial integrity. The thesis appraises the significance of effectiveness vis-a-vis these principles in the context of unlawful territorial situations. It argues that while effectiveness is no longer a fundamental principle of international law, it plays an important role when accompanied and enhanced by the legitimacy of the underlying claim, or by the external legitimation of an authoritative body, e.g. the Security Council. Whereas legitimacy is a concept supposedly built on the fundamental principles of the international community, it goes beyond positive legality, and it often represents a less objective, less transparent and less egalitarian device of power acceptance and recognition. However, adopting legitimacy as a device for transforming illegal effectiveness into a legal one, is paradoxically a way for the international community to safeguard the integrity of its principles of substantive legality, despite making them in some cases peripheral to the actual regulation of disputes.

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Gutbrod, Hans Friedrich. "Irony, conflict and the dilemma : three tragic situations in international relations." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272119.

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32

Bådagård, Lovisa. "The Gatekeeper of the ICC : Prosecutorial strategies for selecting situations and cases at the International Criminal Court." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-283406.

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33

Koutch, Nejad Abbas. "La protection internationale des droits de l'homme face aux situations d'exception." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100188.

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Tous les systèmes juridiques prévoient la prise de mesures particulières pour faire face à des situations exceptionnelles. Mais, au cours des dernières années on a vu se renforcer l'idée que l'état d'exception est une institution de l'état de droit et, en tant que telle, doit remplir des conditions et des critères déterminés qui jouent le rôle de garanties juridiques pour préserver les droits de l'homme dans des situations de crise. La notion de « danger public » ou de « situations exceptionnelles » que l'on trouve dans les articles 4 du Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, 15 de la Convention européenne des droits de l'homme et 27 de la Convention américaine relative aux droits de l'homme, est mentionnée comme condition préalable ou présupposée pour que soit proclamé un état d'exception. Le Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme et la Convention américaine des droits de l’homme subordonnent la dérogation à certaines conditions générales communes. Ces conditions sont les suivantes : a) Les circonstances invoquées pour justifier les mesures d’exception doivent être très graves et menacer de façon imminente l’existence de la nation; b) Les mesures spécifiques prises pour faire face à ces circonstances exceptionnelles ne sont valables que dans la stricte mesure où la situation l’exige; c) Les mesures d’exception ne doivent pas comporter de discrimination fondée sur certains critères. Chacun de ces instruments énumère certains articles auxquels aucune dérogation n’est autorisée, quelles que soient les circonstances. Les articles énumérés dans le Pacte international et les Conventions européenne et américaine comme ne pouvant faire l’objet de dérogation sont ceux qui concernent le droit à la vie, l’interdiction de la torture et des peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, l’interdiction de l’esclavage et l’interdiction de l’application rétroactive de la loi pénale. Le caractère intangible de l’interdiction de la torture est renforcé par le paragraphe 2 de l’article 2 de la Convention contre la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants, qui dispose : "Aucune circonstance exceptionnelle, quelle qu’elle soit, qu’il s’agisse de l’état de guerre ou de menace de guerre, d’instabilité politique intérieure ou de tout autre état d’exception, ne peut être invoquée pour justifier la torture". Le Protocole 7 de la Convention européenne y ajoute la règle non bis in idem, le Pacte international, le droit à la personnalité juridique, l’interdiction de l’emprisonnement pour dette et la liberté de pensée et de religion, et la Convention américaine les droits de l’enfant et de la famille, le droit à une nationalité et les droits politiques. Ces instruments prévoient aussi que le droit de déroger ne porte pas atteinte aux obligations découlant d’autres instruments ou du droit international coutumier. La pratique de certains organes de surveillance de l’application des traités, tant universel que régionaux, montre une tendance à reconnaître ou interpréter en tant que droit non susceptible de dérogation certains et principes autres que ceux qui sont spécifiquement énumérés dans les instruments appropriés
All legal systems provide for special measures to cope with emergency Situations. But, in recent years the idea has become established that the state of emergency is an institution of the rule of law and that, as such, it must satisfy certain conditions and requirements ensuring legal guarantees to safeguard human rights in situations of crisis. The concept of “public emergency” employed in articles 4 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and 15 of the European Convention on Human Rights respectively and of “public danger” employed in article 27 of the American Convention on Human Rights, which constitutes a sine qua non or prerequisite for a state of emergency to be declared. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, European Convention and American Convention contain common general requirements regarding derogation. They include: (a) The circumstances invoked as justification of emergency measures must be very serious, constituting an imminent threat to the life of the nation; (b) The specific measures taken pursuant to the emergency are valid only to the extent they are strictly required by the exigencies of the situation; (c) Emergency measures must not discriminate on certain grounds. Each of them lists certain articles, which can not be derogated from in any circumstances. The articles listed as non-derogable by the International Covenant and the European and American Conventions are the right to life, the prohibition of torture and cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment and punishment, the prohibition of slavery and the prohibition of retroactive application of criminal law. The non-derogable character of the prohibition of torture is reinforced by article 2 (2) of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, which provides that "No exceptional circumstances whatsoever, whether a state of war or a threat of war, internal political instability or any other public emergency, may be invoked as justification of torture." Protocol 7 to the European Convention adds freedom from double jeopardy. The International Covenant adds the right to legal personality, the prohibition of imprisonment for debt and freedom of thought and religion. The American Convention also adds the rights of the child and the family, the right to nationality and political rights. They also contain that the right to derogate does not affect obligations under other instruments or under customary international law. The practice of some treaty-monitoring bodies, both universal and regional, shows a tendency towards recognizing or interpreting as non-derogable certain other rights and principles besides those specifically listed in appropriate human rights instruments

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Ivanov, Georgi. "Freedom of Interpretation." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2808.

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The photographic series Ideal Cities that I started in 2011 is inspired by the conflict between my idea of the “west” and my evolving experience in the United States. What struck me was the popularity of what I see as model experience – a spatial experience controlled by the Spectacle. In the terms of the Situationist International and its most prominent figure Guy Debord, the Spectacle is the collapse of reality into the streams of images, products and activities sanctioned by centralized monopolist business or state bureaucracy. Thus, personal experience is replaced with preconceived notions, which control the way people perceive and understand their surroundings.

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Kale, Buti. "L'action internationale en vue de l'ajustement des situations conflictuelles en afrique australe." Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN20004.

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Alors que le vent d'independance soufflait sur tout le continent africain dans les annees 1960, une minorite blanche dans les colonies de peuplement d'afrique australe (afrique du sud, namibie et zimbabwe), cherchait a y imposer la domination blanche, d'une part, et, d'autre part, le portugal s'obstinait a refuser le droit a l'autodetermination aux peuples d'angola et du mozambique. De plus, les guerres civiles qui ont eclate, apres les independances en angola et au mozambique, ainsi que les autres situations conflictuelles de la sous-region, ont ete aggravees et internationalisees par la rivalite entre l'est et l'ouest. La communaute internationale dans son ensemble (l'onu, d'autres organisations interetatiques internationales (le commonwealth, le mouvement des pays non-alignes. . . ), regionales (organisation de l'unite africaine, communaute europeenne. . . ), et sous regionales, les superpuissances et moyennes puissances, les organisations non gouvernementales, l'opinion publique internationale. . . ) n'a pas cesse de s'efforcer, depuis 1946, de resoudre ces conflits. Cependant, la communaute internationale divergeait quant aux moyens (mesures coercitives et/ou dialogue) a mettre en oeuvre afin de faciliter la resolution de ces situations conflictuelles. Si une partie de la communaute internationale preconisait l'utilisation de la demarche de dialogue, la majorite faisait campagne pour l'application des sanctions de toute nature contre les regimes recalcitrants d'afrique australe. La volonte par les superpuissances de resoudre pacifiquement les conflits peripheriques ainsi que la fin de la guerre froide aidant, c'est finalement par les negociations que l'on a mis un terme, fin 1994, aux conflits qui ont ravage, pendant presque un demi-siecle, l'extreme sud de l'afrique. Le but de l'etude est non seulement de faire l'inventaire de ces efforts, mais d'en apprecier l'efficacite
Whilst the wind of independence was blowing in the entire african continent in the 1960s, a white minority in settler colonies of southern africa (south africa, namibia and zimbabwe) tried to impose white domination. On the other hand, portugal adamantly refused the peoples of angola and mozambique their right to self-determination. Furthermore, the civil wars that broke out after the years of independence in angola and mozambique, as well as the other conflict situations in the sub-region, were exacerbated and internationalised by the east-west confrontation. The international community in general (uno, other inter-state international organisations (the commonwealth, non-aligned movement. . . ), regional (organisation of african unity, european community. . . ), and subregional organisations, superpowers and middle powers, non- governmental organisations, international public opinion. . . ) has never ceased to endeavour to resolve, since 1946, these conflicts. However, the international community disagreed on the means (coercive measures and/or dialogue) to be implemented in view of facilitating the resolution of these conflict situations. If on the one hand a section of the international community was advocating the use of dialogue, the majority was campaigning for the application of all kinds of sanctions against the refractory regimes of southern africa. It is, in the final analysis, through negotiations that settlements were reached, end of 1994, regarding conflicts that caused havoc, for nearly half a century, in the southern tip of africa. This partly came about due to the superpowers' resolve to settle regional conflicts through peaceful means as well as the end of the cold war. The purpose of this research work is twofold : to take stock of the efforts undertaken by the international community with the view of resolving conflict situations in southern africa and to make an appraisal of the effectiveness and efficacy of those efforts

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Helali, Mohammed Salak. "Les actes établissant un régime objectif en droit international public : contribution à létude des situations objectives." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR30019.

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Les traités objectifs, dont la caractéristique première est d'être opposables erga omnes, heurtent directement le principe fondamental de l'effet relatif des conventions. Ils portent également atteinte à l'autonomie de la volonté de l'état. La règle pacta tertiis nec nocent nec prosunt ne souffre pas d'exception, mais l'existence d'actes, échappant au relativisme juridique, qui ont institué des régimes opposables à tous n'est plus à démontrer au regard de la pratique des états. En revanche, tenter de bâtir une théorie des situations objectives par la recherche des fondements juridiques qui lui sont propres ou inhérents à l'acte créateur, n'est pas sans poser de graves problèmes. Ceux-ci n'ont pas été surmontés par la commission du droit international, qui refuse de codifier les traités objectifs tout en reconnaissant que des situations juridiques sont régies par ce type d'acte, sans pour autant apporter des fondements juridiques. La règle de droit ne semble pas être en cause, mais l'utilisation par le passé de traités imposés pour créer des obligations à la charge d'états non parties a un accord ou n'ayant pas expressément consentis aux prescriptions d'un acte unilatéral, a profondément freiné la tentative de les codifier. Mais le malaise persiste, car paradoxalement, la notion, non codifiée dans le cadre du droit des traités, ne semble pas, au vu des travaux préparatoires, abandonnée, et on laisse à la coutume le soin de régler ce type de problèmes
The acts providing for objective regimes, particularly status treaties, the characteristic of which is their effect erga omnes, affect directly the fundamental principles of privity of agreements and the freedom of contract of the state. Though the rule of pacta tertiis nec nocent nec prosunt is absolute, the existence of acts which have created objective regimes to be opposed to all is a fact evidenced by the practice of states. The legal rule does not seem to be questioned, but to attempt to build a theory of objective situations on specific legal basis is a difficult task. The international law commission has not been able to overcome this difficulty, and has refused to codify the status treaties, while admitting that some legal situations are governed by such acts without providing for appropriate legal grounds. The use, in the past, of treaties creating obligations on states which are not parties to an agreement or which have not expressly consented to the provisions of an unilateral act has been an obstacle to their codification. Nonetheless, there remains a problem for, paradoxically, the notion which is not codified in the field of the law of treaties does not seem, considering the travaux preparatoires, to have been abandoned the custom being referred to solve such problems

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Fulli-Lemaire, Samuel. "Le droit international privé de la famille à l’épreuve de l’impératif de reconnaissance des situations." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020077.

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En ce début de XXIe siècle, le droit international privé intervient dans un contexte caractérisé à la fois par la multiplication des relations familiales internationales, conséquence de la mobilité croissante des personnes privées, et la montée d’un individualisme qui rechigne toujours davantage à composer avec les contraintes collectives. Ces changements conduisent à une contestation croissante des obstacles à la reconnaissance des situations familiales qui impose de repenser à la fois le cadre théorique et les méthodes de la discipline. Sur le premier plan, il est proposé de consacrer un nouveau principe directeur, l’impératif de reconnaissance des situations familiales, qui reflète à la fois la prédominance effective des intérêts privés et la matérialisation d’une discipline autrefois éprise de justice conflictuelle, et permet d’afficher plus clairement ce qui doit désormais constituer la réaction dominante du for face à une situation familiale constituée à l’étranger. Sur le plan des méthodes, l’enjeu est de traduire le nouvel impératif, ce qui doit consister à libéraliser l’accueil des situations familiales constituées à l’étranger sans aller jusqu’à supprimer tous les chefs de contrôle. Plusieurs voies sont envisageables, qui vont du simple infléchissement des méthodes existantes à la consécration d’une nouvelle méthode de la reconnaissance des situations familiales. Entre ces différentes possibilités, des choix s’imposent qui mêlent technique et politique juridiques, et impliquent de prendre en compte tant les enseignements de la théorie générale du droit international privé que la dimension européenne de la problématique
Private international law today has to contend with social realities that have evolved markedly over the course of the last few decades. As a result of increased mobility across national borders, international families are ever more numerous and so are instances where recognition of a family status acquired abroad is sought. The effects of this change are compounded by a greater focus on individual agency and self-determination, which leads to stronger challenges to State policies that result in non-recognition. A change in how we understand and ‘do’ private international law seems warranted on two levels. The first change relates to the so-called guiding principles which encapsulate the various aims pursued by the field and can thus provide a useful conceptual framework. I suggest that adding a state duty to recognize a family status created abroad to the existing principles would help strike a better balance between private interests in facilitating recognition and the public interest in the regulation of family forms. This shift necessitates changes on another level, that of the private international law’s methods. Combining easier recognition of foreign family relationships with some degree of state control can be achieved in various ways which range from incremental change to existing methodology to a complete overhaul in the form of a new method of automatic recognition. This raises issues of both technique and policy, which are discussed in the second part of this work from a French and European perspective

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Rutinwa, B. S. I. "Legal responsibilities of countries of origin and third states in refugee situations under public international law." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313575.

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Balguy-Gallois, Alexandre. "Droit international et protection de l'individu dans les situations de troubles intérieurs et de tensions internes." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010320.

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Aucun traité ne définit les " troubles intérieurs " et les " tensions internes ". La thèse propose donc une définition élaborée à partir de l' analyse de concepts présentant des similitudes (conflit armé non international, danger public) et de quelques exemples récents de situations de crise interne. On constate que l'individu pris dans ces situations est insuffisamment protégé par les conventions relatives aux droits de l'homme, et que les traités de droit humanitaire sont inapplicables. Pour améliorer la protection juridique, il peut être fait appel au droit international humanitaire coutumier, en étendant aux troubles intérieurs et tensions internes certains principes généraux et règles fondamentales du droit humanitaire qui font l'objet d'une reconnaissance formelle par la communauté internationale. L'approche retenue dans cette thèse est celle suivie actuellement par la Commission des droits de l'homme des Nations Unies dans ses débats sur les " règles d'humanité fondamentales ".

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Corneloup, Sabine. "La publicité des situations juridiques en droit interne et en droit international privé : comparaisons franco-allemandes." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010267.

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Pour pouvoir proposer une solution d'ensemble en droit international privé (partie 2), l'auteur part d'une analyse de la notion de publicité en droit interne (partie 1). Après la constatation que ni le droit français, ni le droit allemand ne fournissent une définition satisfaisante de la publicité, l'auteur propose une définition de la publicité qui est fondée sur la seule fonction d'information du public. Cette proposition conduit à qualifier comme publicité toute mesure qui est matériellement apte à informer le public et qui a pour destinataires un nombre indéterminé de personnes. Sa sanction est, à cet égard, indifférente. La publicité prend ainsi place parmi un ensemble de techniques destinées à assurer la protection des tiers, sans pour autant se confondre avec elles. Lorsque la fonction d'information coexiste avec d'autres fonctions, la publicité ne correspond pas à l'unique qualification de la formalité. En droit international privé, l'auteur propose, comme solution de principe, une double qualification de la publicité en question de fond et en question de procédure. La publicité est ainsi rattachée à la loi qui régit le rapport de droit soumis à publicité et, en outre, lorsqu'une autorité publique est impliquée dans ce rapport de droit, à la lex auctoris. En cas de conflit entre ces deux lois, la loi de la résidence habituelle du tiers l'emporte. Comme solution d'exception, il est proposé, pour certaines règles de publicité, de recourir à une qualification de lois de police. Dans l'hypothèse du conflit mobile, la publicité est une condition soumise à la loi nouvelle. Cette solution fondée sur la détermination de la loi applicable à la publicité se suffit à elle-même; il n'est pas nécessaire de la compléter par la méthode de la reconnaissance des actes publics étrangers. En revanche, pour assurer une protection suffisante des tiers, elle requiert une certaine combinaison avec l'exception d'ignorance excusable. Ts pour expliquer la durée entre deux achats successifs et la quantité achetée par achat. Ces hypothèses sont testées à l'aide d'un modèle de type Weibull dans l'estimation duquel la présence éventuelle d'hétérogénéité inobservée est traitée. Cette thèse présente des modèles et méthodes d'analyse économétrique de la demande et des achats, ainsi que des résultats empiriques.

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Zimba, Gamaliel. "The application of the principle of complementarity in situations referred to the International Criminal Court by the United Nations Security Council and in self-referred situations." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4577.

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Canonne, Xavier. "L' activité surréaliste en Belgique 1950-1993." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010622.

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Limitée en son étude aux années cinquante, souvent assimilée aux personnalités de René Magritte ou de Paul Delvaux, l'activité surréaliste en Belgique s'est pourtant poursuivie au- delà de la période généralement envisagée, 1924 à 1950. Les personnalités de Paul Nougé, de Marcel Marie͏̈n et de Tom Gutt, étant représentatives des trois générations du surréalisme au long du 20ème siècle. Par le recours aux publications, aux revues, tracts et correspondances - en majorité inédites - cette thèse se propose d'explorer de façon chronologique, de 1950 à 1993, date de la disparition de Marie͏̈n et de la fin de la revue Les Lèvres nues, cette période fertile du surréalisme en Belgique. Après le rappel de la période historique dont Marie͏̈n fit l'étude en 1979 dans L'activité surréaliste en Belgique (1924- 1950) et de la situation politique et économique de la Belgique, la thèse envisage la succession des groupes, des revues et des tendances dans le surréalisme au cours jusque là linéaire.

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Corneloup, Sabine. "La publicité des situations juridiques : une approche franco-allemande du droit interne et du droit international privé /." Paris : LGDJ, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38948261j.

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Gonçalves, Glauco Roberto. "A produção espetacular do espaço: as cidades como cenário da Copa do Mundo de 2014." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-04082016-140408/.

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Esta pesquisa aborda as condições da produção do espaço urbano e sua imagem a partir da realização da Copa do Mundo de Futebol da Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) de 2014, e as contradições entre elas. Para tal, recorre, sobretudo, às bases teóricometodológicas advindas de Henri Lefebvre, Guy Debord e outros membros da Internacional Situacionista (IS), bem como a Karl Marx e Robert Kurz. As cidades sede da Copa de 2014, mais notadamente São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e São Lourenço da Mata/Recife, constituem o espaço de análise para compreender as relações entre Estado e capital, bem como suas formas de efetivação no cotidiano e no espaço. Em busca de desvendar o papel do Estado na reprodução (crítica) do capitalismo, foram analisadas as leis federais voltadas para a Copa de 2014; a carta de crédito do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) destinada à construção das arenas; o Regime de Diferenciado de Contratações Públicas (RDC); as Parcerias Público-Privadas; e os Certificados de Incentivo ao Desenvolvimento (CID) concedidos pela prefeitura de São Paulo. Os resultados e consequências desse processo efetivam-se na espacialidade urbana e em seu cotidiano por meio de estratégias como, por exemplo, FIFA Fan Fest,smart city,naming right,áreas de restrição comercial, crime por marketing de emboscada,ranking de cidadesmarcas, direitos de imagem e de marketing da FIFA. Diante disso irrompe a hipótese de que a produção do espaço espetaculariza-se, e a cidade torna-se cenário na medida em que sua imagem é produzida e comercializada autonomizada de seus conteúdos e contradições. Reduzida a cenário, a cidade vê-se diante de novos processos de fragmentação e segregação, o que possibilita avançar na compreensão de novos negócios com o urbano e sua paisagem.
This research approaches the conditions and contradictions between the production of urban space and its image, based on the FIFAs Football World Cup 2014 event. For this purpose, uses the theoretical and methodological bases arising from Henri Lefebvre, Guy Debord and other members of the Situationist International, as well as Karl Marx and Robert Kurz. The Cup host cities in 2014, especially Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and São Lourenço da Mata/Recife, constitute the scope of analysis to understand the relations between state and capital as well as their ways of realization in daily life and space. Seeking to unravel the States role in the (critical) reproduction of capitalism, we have analyzed the Federal Laws aimed at the 2014 World Cup, the BNDESs line of credit granted for the construction of the World Cup stadiums; the Differentiated Contracting Regime; the Public-Private Partnerships; and the Development Incentive Certificates granted by São Paulos City Hall. The results and consequences of this process are materialized in urban spatiality and in daily life through strategies such as the FIFAs Fan Fests; smart city; naming right; areas of trade restraint; crime of ambush marketing; ranking city-brands; FIFAs image rights and marketing rights. In light of this arises the hypothesis that the production of space becomes spectacular, and the city becomes scenario to the extent that its image is produced and marketed autonomized of its contents and contradictions. Reduced to scenario, the city faces new processes of fragmentation and segregation, which enables us to a better understanding of the new business with the urban and its landscape.

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Buffet, Laurent. "Les pratiques intinérantes dans la littérature et l'art contemporains." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010597.

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Nous désignons par «pratiques itinérantes» des activités artistiques intégrant ou consistant en une occupation cinétique de I'espace, ces dernières pouvant faire I'objet de représentations littéraires ou plastiques, mais de manière dérivée. Si la marche en représente la forme I'a plus courante, cette notion intègre aussi les voyages en train, en voiture et par tout autre moyen de transport. Les deux premières parties de ce travail ont ainsi pour objet de répertorier, de classer et d'interpréter les formes les plus significatives de pratiques itinérantes apparues dans le champ de I'art depuis le début des années 1950 et jusqu'a la fin des années 1970. La première partie est consacrée a la dérive situationniste et aux vagabondages de la Beat Génération. La deuxième partie traite plus directement de démarches artistiques appartenant a la Catégorie traditionnelle dite des « beaux-arts ». Les troisième et quatrième parties de ce travail font retour sur certains des mouvements ou démarches artistiques évoques précédemment, pour en interroger plus spécifiquement les dimensions sociale et politique·. La troisième partie" développe une analyse de la relation que les pratiques itinérantes de l'lnternationale situationniste, de Fluxus et de la Beat Génération entretiennent avec ces territoires Autres que sont I'utopie, I'heterotopie et la dystopie. La dernière partie, intitulée « Politiques de la mobilité », aborde, toujours a travers les exemples des acteurs de I'Internationale situationniste et des écrivains de la Beat Génération, les pratiques itinérantes comme une forme révolutionnaire de vie, puis leur récupération idéologique a partir du tournant des années 1980. La question se pose des lors de savoir si ces dernières ont encore aujourd'hui la capacité de jouer un rôle critique au sein du champ de I'art et du monde dans lequel nous vivons. Ainsi, nous passons pour finir en revue quelques exemples significatifs de démarches artistiques apparues depuis les années 1980 dans lesquelles le déplacement représente un élément essentiel.

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Coin, Raphael. "Les situations triangulaires internationales en présence d’un établissement stable : éliminer les doubles impositions sans favoriser les doubles exonérations." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020034.

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L’objet de cette thèse est de proposer un régime fiscal applicable à l’imposition des revenus passifs dans les situations triangulaires internationales. La première partie est consacrée à analyser la nature objective du risque de double imposition. Ce sont les situations triangulaires « passives » ou « subies ». La seconde partie est consacrée à analyser des situations triangulaires « actives » ou « choisies » qui peuvent être propices à la mise en place de structures fiscalement « avantageuses ». L’étude est complétée par des propositions de modification du Modèle de convention fiscale
The purpose of this work is to propose a tax treatment applicable to passive income in international triangular tax cases. The first part of the study is dedicated to the analyses of the double tax exposure. These are “passive” triangular cases or “incurred”, where potential double tax and uncertainty creates an issue for economic growth. The second part of the study is dealing with “active” triangular situations that may be motivated by the tax benefit resulting from these structures. The conclusion of our study will include proposals to amend the OECD treaty Model

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Brun, Éric. "Guy Debord et l'Internationale situationniste : sociologie d'une avant-garde « totale »." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0076.

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Au croisement de la sociologie des intellectuels, de la sociologie politique et de la sociologie des mouvements artistiques, cette thèse analyse la trajectoire d'un collectif dénommé « Internationale Situationniste » (I. S. ) et de son principal animateur, Guy Debord (1931-1994), fondé en 1957 à partir de la réunion de plusieurs petits groupes d'artistes dits « d'avant-garde », l'I. S. Est devenue au cours des années 1960 un mouvement politique « révolutionnaire ». Il s'agit ici de comprendre cette « reconversion » par une étude des propriétés sociales, positions et prises de position des situationnistes. Une telle reconversion, qu'on peut voir également comme une opération de décloisonnement des différents espaces sociaux d'activité, permet en effet de mettre à l'épreuve sur un nouveau terrain le concept de champ forgé par Pierre Bourdieu, et de jeter un nouvel éclairage sur les rapports qu'entretiennent les artistes et les intellectuels avec la politique. C'est dans la continuité d'une opération de redéfinition des conceptions de la création et du désintéressement que l'I. S. Est amenée à prendre ses distances avec le champ artistique. Sa reconversion dans l'activisme « révolutionnaire » renvoie également à des enjeux de positionnement propres aux avant-gardes littéraires et artistiques des années 1950, ainsi qu'à une transformation de l'espace des possibles politiques au tournant des années 1960. Elle met en jeu, enfin, des luttes internes au mouvement, dont l'étude permet d'éclairer les logiques qui président à la formation des groupes d'avant-garde et les obstacles à leur internationalisation
At the crossing of the intellectual's sociology, political sociology and the sociology of artistic movements, this PhD dissertation analyzes the evolution of a group named "Situationist International" (S. I. ) and of its leader, Guy Debord (1931-1994). It was founded in 1957 from the merging of some small groups of "avant-garde" artists, it became a "revolutionnary" political movement during the 1960s. The core of this dissertation is to understand this "reconversion" by studying the social properties, the positions and the stands taken by the situationnists, such a reconversion, wich can also be considered as the decompartmentalization of the different social sectors of activity, is an opportunity to test a new object of the concept of field forged by Pierre Bourdieu. It also sheds a new light on the relationships artists and intellectuals maintain with politics. In keeping with its work on redefining the conceptions of creation and selflessness, the S. I. Is led to take some distance from the artistic field. Its reconversion into "revolutionary" activism is also related to the issues at stake for literary and artistic field. Its reconversion into "revolutionnary" activism is also related to the issues at stake for litterary and artistic avant-gardes in the 1950s. As well as to a transformation of the space of political possibles at the beginning of the 1960s. Lastly, it brings out internal struggles within the movement, the study of wich reveals the mechanisms that control the forming of avant-garde groups as well as the obstacles to the their becoming international

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Ayéna, Fidèle Kadoukpè. "Santé publique au Bénin : un enjeu national et international des politiques publiques multisectorielles de maîtrise des situations de risques sanitaires individuels et collectifs." Toulouse 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU10003.

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La maîtrise ou le contrôle des situations de risques sanitaires collectifs au Bénin appelle de plus en plus aujourd'hui une action publique responsable et plus engagée. Le but de la présente investigation s'inscrit donc dans la compréhension sociologique des mécanismes institutionnels en charge de la sécurité sanitaire au niveau populationnel en déterminant leurs impacts possibles sur l'orientation des comportements de soins et du cadre de vie des individus. Le contexte actuel de communication transfrontalière des risques à impacts sanitaires justifie que des mesures préventives et correctrices soient adoptées non seulement au niveau national mais aussi international. Bien que les capacités de maîtrise ou de contrôle des risques sanitaires collectifs varient d'un État à l'autre, la gestion localisée d'un événement quelconque de santé publique n'est pas sans inférence sur la santé du reste du monde d'où l'intérêt de se demander comment l'État béninois définit et met en oeuvre ses stratégies de maîtrise ou de contrôle avant et pendant l'émergence d'une menace sanitaire collective. Dans cette optique, le principe de précaution semble tant bien que mal s'affirmer comme principe directeur dans l'élaboration et la mise en oeuvre de certaines politiques publiques de contrôle des risques sanitaires collectifs. Les politiques du risque et l'expression sociale du besoin de sécurité sanitaire au coeur de cette étude est, bien entendu, une contribution par la recherche à la satisfaction des objectifs de modernisation et du fonctionnement performant des institutions publiques et sanitaires de ce pays
There is an increasing call for a responsible and more committed public action regarding the tackling of public health hazards in Benin. The purpose of this inquiry therefore comes within the framework of a sociological understanding of institutions in charge of public health at the population level by assessing their potential impact on the provision of health care and the standard of living of individuals. The current juncture of cross-border communication of health-related hazards calls for preventive and corrective measures to be taken both at the national and international level. Altought the ability to control health hazards varies from one country to another, the handling of a localized case of a public health incident of any kind is bound to affect the rest of the world, hence the need to understand how the state of Benin devise and implement its strategies to tackle a public health hazard before and during its outbreak. In this regard, precautionary principle seems to be more or less the main drive behind the formulation and implementation of certain public policies concerning the control of public health hazards. Policies of hazards and the social expression of the need for health care, which are at the core of this study stem from the research for the attainment of modernization goals and the efficient running of public and sanitary institutions of this country

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Rosso, Catherine. "Les mécanismes de flexibilité du droit de l'OMC." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM1003.

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Orienté vers le libre-échange, le droit de l’Organisation Mondiale du Commerce est basé sur plusieurs principes fondamentaux : la non-discrimination, la réciprocité et la réduction progressive des obstacles au commerce. Il existe des mécanismes répondant à l’impératif d’adaptabilité nécessaires aux membres pour faire face à des situations exceptionnelles afin d’intégrer de la souplesse dans l’application du droit de l’OMC et de déroger aux principes et règles régissant le commerce international. Cela vaut aussi bien en période de crise qu’indépendamment de l’environnement économique général, dès lors que les conditions sont réunies pour que les membres les mettent en œuvre. La crise économique de 2008 a fait craindre un recours accru, voire abusif, à ces instruments d’exception, de dérogation, de sauvegarde, ce qui signifierait un retour à des pratiques protectionnistes. La réflexion sur l’utilisation de ces outils permet la mise en évidence des instruments proposés par le droit de l'OMC pour faire face à des situations qui nécessitent un frein au libre-échange. Elle précise également les pratiques des Membres, la logique générale de ces mécanismes de flexibilité et l’équilibre entre les principes orientés vers le libre-échange et les exceptions qui supposent des restrictions au commerce. Les questions qui se posent doivent conduire à étudier l’ensemble de ces instruments de flexibilité, l’articulation entre ces instruments et ceux des autres organisations internationales en lien avec l’OMC, le rôle du juge de l’OMC dans les différends liés à l’utilisation de ces mécanismes et les perspectives d’évolution ou de réformes des instruments de flexibilité du droit de l’OMC
Oriented toward free trade, the World Trade Organization law is based on several fundamental principles: non-discrimination, reciprocity and the gradual reduction of trade barriers. There are mechanisms that respond to the need for adaptability necessary for Members to deal with exceptional situations in order to incorporate flexibility in the application of WTO law and depart from the principles and rules governing international trade. This applies both in times of crisis, and irrespective of the general economic environment, as soon as the conditions seem to require Members to implement them. The economic crisis of 2008 has raised fears of increased use or abuse of these instruments of exception, derogation (waivers), or safeguard, all of them constituting actions that would mean a return to protectionist practices. Reflection on the use of these tools allows the identification of instruments proposed by the WTO law to deal with crisis and more generally to situations that require a barrier to free trade. But beyond that, it specifies the practices of Members in the use of these tools, the general logic of these mechanisms for flexibility and the balance between the free-trade oriented principles and the exceptions that involve restrictions on trade. The questions then raised should lead to consider all of these instruments of flexibility, the articulation between these instruments and those of other international organizations in connection with the WTO, the judge's role in WTO disputes related to the use of these mechanisms, and the prospects of change or reform of flexibility instruments WTO law

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Karpinska, Zuzanna. "Educational planning for situations of instability : standardization and advocacy in humanitarian aid practice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:68ae5c8e-8c5f-4e01-a4dc-039d07c72a7b.

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This thesis examines the role and relationship of standardization and advocacy in humanitarian aid planning processes within the emergent field of education and instability. Standardization refers to the aid industry’s increasing emphasis on establishing ‘universal’ principles and normative frameworks. Advocacy refers to transnational-policy-network activities that move forward the global standardization agenda. The study focuses on the purposes and practices of knowledge creation by an education-and-instability ‘epistemic community’: the Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies (INEE). Drawing on global-level interviews with key figures, participant observations, and documentary analysis, the research explores how this epistemic community promotes its core tenets: that education is an inherent human right and that educational provision should be a frontline humanitarian response on par with food distribution and shelter construction. The thesis analyzes the consensus-making process that resulted in the publication of the 2004 INEE Minimum Standards handbook, the then-epitome of the epistemic community’s knowledge. Next, the thesis examines the local application and adaptation of such global standardization processes in post-conflict Uganda. The case study presents the relationships among international and local ‘development partner’ institutions concerned with educational planning as a complex and contradictory story of power dynamics and knowledge circulation. These ‘partnerships’ are characterized by a shared quest for adherence to the knowledge encapsulated within standardized global frameworks and their normative principles. For Ugandan institutions, fluency in this discourse is a powerful tool to appropriate for their own ends. For international institutions, the knowledge is at once a technical resource and a means to bring ever more stakeholders into the wider epistemic community concerned with humanitarian aid. I argue that, through judicious use of standardization and advocacy mechanisms, INEE seeks to legitimize the education sector’s existence within the humanitarian aid industry and expand support for (or ‘conversion’ to) the education-and-instability epistemic community’s core beliefs.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Situationist International'

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