Academic literature on the topic 'Six sigma (Quality control standard) Total quality control'
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Journal articles on the topic "Six sigma (Quality control standard) Total quality control"
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Yang, Fumeng, Wenjun Wang, Qian Liu, Xizhen Wang, Guangrong Bian, Shijie Teng, and Wei Liang. "The application of Six Sigma to perform quality analyses of plasma proteins." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 57, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563219892023.
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Background The Six Sigma theory is an important tool for laboratory quality management. It has been widely used in clinical chemistry, haematology and other disciplines. The aim of our study was to evaluate the analytical performance of plasma proteins by application of Sigma metric and to compare the differences among three different allowable total errors in evaluating the analytical performance of plasma proteins. Methods Three different allowable total error values were used as quality goals. Data from an external quality assessment were used as bias, and the cumulative coefficient of variation in internal quality control data was used to represent the amount of imprecision during the same period. Sigma metric of analytes was calculated using the above data. The quality goal index was calculated to provide corrected measures for continuous improvements in analytical quality. Results The Sigma metric was highest using the external quality assessment standards of China: it was sigma ≥6 or higher in 57.1% of plasma proteins. But Sigma metric was lower by using RiliBÄK or biological variation standards. IgG, C3 and C-reactive protein all required quality improvements in imprecision. A single-rule 13s for internal quality control was recommended for IgA, IgM, C4 and rheumatoid factor, whereas multiple rules (13s/22s/R4s) were recommended for IgG, C3 and C-reactive protein, according to the external quality assessment standards of China. Conclusions Different quality goals can lead to different Sigma metric for the same analyte. As the lowest acceptable standard in clinical practice, the external quality assessment standard of China can guide laboratories to formulate reasonable quality improvement programmes.
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Harianto, Sutrisno, and Ellysa Nursanti. "Green Quality Improvement Using Six Sigma Method." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (August 27, 2020): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug266.
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Traditional cast brass handicrafts Majapahit is one of the nation's cultural heritage which has a high historical value. The uniqueness and quality become the hallmark of this craft products. The results of handmade products such as sculptures, wall hangings, souvenirs, ornaments doors and so on. To increase the sales of traditional handicrafts of brass castings, required Majapahit applicative technical efforts in improving the quality of products which are ecofriendly. Quality improvement method such as Six sigma. Six sigma focuses on decreasing flawed rate, by reaching the standard 3, 4 flawed in a thousand possibility. Six sigma has 5 phases; define, measure, analyze, improvement, and control. In this research, six sigma is applied in producing cast brass handicraft starting from making the master mold, preparation of smelting raw materials, cooling process, releasing of the mold, and finishing. Purposefully to improve the quality by overcoming and decreasing the high of flawed possibility and also applying marketing mixture in improving the market segmentation of traditional cast brass of Majapahit market. The result is quality improvement is shown by decreasing happen in number of flawed product in total of mean for about 154, 8 decreased to 59,5. While the calculation of the six sigma, flawed product of cast brass handicraft is for about 1,7625 sigma value or being in level 2 and increased to 3,725 or being in level 4 with the flawed possibility in amount 235,000 for thousand times of production. The ability of production for the requirement which is wanted by the consumers and owning a good enough capability but still needed some correction to achieve world class home industry
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Kaftan, Ahmed Naseer, Anne Khazal Yaseen, and Zina Hasan. "Assessment of sigma metrics results of serum glucose and lipid profile tested by automated chemistry analyzer in medical city hospitals in Iraq." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 11 (October 27, 2017): 4690. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174917.
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Background: A major target of quality assurance is the minimization of error rates in order to enhance patient safety, six sigma or sigma metrics were used to assess the analytical quality of automated clinical chemistry, six sigma metrics is used in combination with total allowable error, method imprecision and bias. The goal is to attain the highest possible sigma scale within the acceptable limits of total allowable error. For assessment of sigma metrics results of serum glucose and lipid profile and verification of reference values for these analytes tested by automated chemistry analyzer in Medical City hospitals.Methods: In the present study, internal quality control (EQA) and external quality assessment (EQA) data were analyzed for the period from May to July 2017 using chemistry autoanalyzer (Siemens Dimension RxL Max) at the Teaching Laboratories of the Medical City. Mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, bias, total error and sigma metrics were calculated for glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL.Results: Excellent sigma values (≥6) were elicited for triglycerides (10.9), Satisfactory sigma values (≥3) were elicited for cholesterol (3.4) and HDL (3.4), while glucose performed poorly (2.3) on the sigma scale.Conclusions: Sigma metrics helps to assess analytical methodologies and augment laboratory performance. It acts as a guide for planning quality control strategy. It can be a self-assessment tool regarding the functioning of clinical laboratory. Triglycerides was the best performer when it was gauzed on the sigma scale, with a sigma metrics value of 10.9 and glucose had the least sigma metrics value of 2.5 so there is need for improvement and the method should be controlled with greater attention to ensure quality.
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Sharma, Mithun, Sanjeev P. Sahni, and Shilpi Sharma. "Reduction of defects in the lapping process of the silicon wafer manufacturing: the Six Sigma application." Engineering Management in Production and Services 11, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/emj-2019-0013.
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Abstract Aiming to reduce flatness (Total Thickness Variation, TTV) defects in the lapping process of the silicon wafer manufacturing, it is crucial to understand and eliminate the root cause(s). Financial losses resulting from TTV defects make the lapping process unsustainable. DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control), which is a Six Sigma methodology, was implemented to improve the quality of the silicon wafer manufacturing process. The study design and the choice of procedures were contingent on customer requirements and customised to ensure maximum satisfaction; which is the underlying principle of the rigorous, statistical technique of Six Sigma. Previously unknown causes of high TTV reject rates were identified, and a massive reduction in the TTV reject rate was achieved (from 4.43% to 0.02%). Also, the lapping process capability (Ppk) increased to 3.87 (beyond the required standard of 1.67), suggesting sustainable long-term stability. Control procedures were also effectively implemented using the techniques of poka yoke and control charts. This paper explores the utility of Six Sigma, a quality management technique, to improve the quality of a process used in the semiconductor industry. The application of the Six Sigma methodology in the current project provides an example of the root cause investigation methodology that can be adopted for similar processes or industries. Some of the statistical tools and techniques were used for the first time in this project, thereby providing new analysis and quality improvement platform for the future. The article offers a deeper understanding of the factors that impact on the silicon wafer flatness in the lapping process. It also highlights the benefits of using a structured problem-solving methodology like Six Sigma.
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Brown, Megan, Jennifer Colby, Matthew Feldhammer, and James Nichols. "Automated Clinical Chemistry Platform Performance Across Two Academic Medical Centers." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 152, Supplement_1 (September 11, 2019): S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz112.046.
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Abstract Our objective was to define the performance of automated chemistry platforms at two large academic medical centers by calculating and comparing sigma metrics for 28 analytes. Performance characteristics of chemistry assays on two Roche Cobas analyzers and four Abbott Architect analyzers were estimated using 12 months of Bio-Rad quality control (QC) data at two concentrations. Method imprecision was calculated as the cumulative QC coefficient of variation (CV) across analyzers at each QC concentration and percent bias was calculated by comparison of analyzer QC mean to peer group means. Sigma values were calculated for each method as [(TEa – Bias%)/CV%] using allowable total error (TEa) from two sources: the CLIA evaluation limits and desirable biological variation. Average sigma values were generated for each site and graded as optimal, >6 sigma; good, 5 to 6 sigma; marginal, 3 to 5 sigma; or poor, <3 sigma. Analysis of NIST SRM1950 standards for a subset of analytes allowed an estimation of absolute bias. Sigma metrics were highly comparable across both study sites. Considering CLIA TEa, just over half (Roche 57%; Abbott 54%) of the 28 analytes met the six-sigma standard of performance. The highest performing groups to meet or exceed the six-sigma standard were lipids (cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides) and enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST, CK, GGT, LDH, and lipase). Electrolytes (Na, K, Cl, Mg) and metabolites (total bilirubin, BUN, CO2) failed to meet six-sigma. Notably, there were dramatic differences in sigma values calculated using CLIA and Ricos TEa criteria. Almost 40% of the analytes had at least one QC that performed poorly using Ricos criteria. Only 4 of the 28 assays (CK, GGT, lipase, and triglycerides) demonstrated optimal performance at both study sites using Ricos and CLIA criteria. Overall, 11 analytes at each institution exhibited unacceptable performance using Ricos criteria as opposed to only two analytes with the CLIA TEa limits. Analysis of NIST SRM1950 at both study sites gave comparable sigmas for all analytes except total bilirubin, cholesterol, Mg, and total protein. Neither Abbott nor Roche analyzers met six-sigma quality standards for all analytes tested. Overall assay performance across these two platforms at two major academic medical centers was almost identical. CLIA TEa and RICOS TEa criteria are significantly different, with wider limits of acceptability for CLIA. Variations between individual analyzers and manufacturers and limitations in automation would make tailored QC rules based on sigma metrics difficult to implement in a high-volume laboratory.
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Suprayogi, Anjar. "APLIKASI PENDEKATAN SIX SIGMA UNTUK PERBAIKAN KUALITAS PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN TANK WASHER." Operations Excellence: Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering 10, no. 3 (November 15, 2018): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/oe.v10.3.2018.008.
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PT. Laksana Teknik Makmur is a manufacturing company engaged in the manufacture of car accesories in Indonesia. One of the products produced is a tank washer with a high defect rate in the production process of 11 percent. This study uses the DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) as a tool to solve problems about improving the quality of the process of making tank washer. The initial analysis for Define shows that CTQ (Critical to Quality) is the largest defect of the wave, which is 4.1 percent of the total defects of tank washer. From the measurement results in the Measure stage, the DPMO value is 108475 with Sigma Level 2.73. Then Analyze is done to get any factors that cause wave defects. On the Improve stage using Ishikawa's method, the results of the new Standard Operating Procedure are recommended. In the final stage, Control is carried out after the implementation of the new SOP for 1 month, the result is that the wave defect value drops to 2 percent and the Sigma Level value increases to 3.326 with the value of DPMO 20424.
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Kholik, Nur, Yustina Ngatilah, and Erlina Purnamawaty. "ANALISA KECACATAN PRODUK SEPATU KAKI TANGGA ALUMINIUM DENGAN METODE SIX SIGMA (STUDI KASUS UD. CP)." JUMINTEN 1, no. 6 (November 16, 2020): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/juminten.v1i6.172.
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UD. CP is a manufacturing company engaged in the manufacture of household appliances. One of the company's products is aluminum footwear. The problem that often arises in this product is the high defect that occurs in the aluminum footwear product which reaches 5% -6% of total production. The types of defects are hollow, torn, bump, melt, hollow, and melt and hollow. Given these problems, a study was conducted to reduce the percentage of defects in products with the Six Sigma method. Based on the analysis of the DPMO calculation and the company sigma value, the average DPMO value is 8705,201 and the sigma value of 3,8773 shows that the aluminum footwear products are included in the standard quality of the average industry in Indonesia. From these results an analysis of the root causes of disability is carried out using a fishbone diagram that has 5 factors that cause disability, namely humans, methods, materials, machinery, and the environment. After the cause of the disability is known, priority plans for improvement are made. From the results of this FMEA method the priority of the proposed improvement is to provide supervision to the operator, provide training to the operator, increase supervision of production results, Prevent maintenance of the machine, Control the machine correctly.
Keywords: Defect, DPMO, Six Sigma Quality Control, FMEA
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Ari Satya, Egar Naufal, and Wahyudin Wahyudin. "Perbaikan Kualitas Produk Batu Bata Merah Dengan Metode Six Sigma-Dmaic (Studi Kasus Cv. Ghatan Fatahillah Karawang)." UNISTEK 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33592/unistek.v8i1.1073.
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Abstrak. Dunia industri yang semakin berkembang akan mengakibatkan banyaknya persaingan. Perus-ahaan yang dapat bersaing adalah perusahaan yang dapat menjaga kualitas produknya dengan baik sehingga dapat memenuhi kepuasan konsumen. Maka dari itu diperlukan pengendalian kualitas. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada penurunan cacat pada produk batu bata merah di CV. Ghatan Fatahillah dengan metode Six Sigma-DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, dan Control). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan DPMO sebesar 36.212 dengan nilai sigma 3,29. Jenis cacat yang paling sering terjadi pada batu bata merah yaitu pecah/patah yaitu sebesar 4.327 atau 59,81% dari total keseluruhan produk yang cacat. Hasil dari tahap analyze dengan fishbone diagram, ditetapkan penyebab dari pecah/cacat, yaitu: pekerja kurang paham standar kualitas, tidak adanya pemeriksaan produk, pekerja kurang paham prosedur kerja, kinerja mesin tidak stabil, pekerja kurang teliti, jumlah penggilingan tidak menentu, dan komposisi batu bata tidak menentu. Maka perlu dilakukan usulan perbaikan agar dapat mengurangi jumlah produk yang cacat pada batu bata merah. Kata kunci: DMAIC, DPMO, Pengendalian Kualitas, Six Sigma Abstract. The growing industrial world will result in a lot of competition. Companies that can compete are companies that can maintain the quality of their products well so that they can meet customer satisfaction. Therefore, quality control is needed. This research is focused on reducing defects in red brick products at CV. Ghatan Fatahillah with the Six Sigma-DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). From the research results obtained DPMO of 36,212 with a sigma value of 3.29. The type of defect that most often occurs in red bricks is broken / broken, which is 4,327 or 59.81% of the total defective products. The results of the Analyze stage with the fishbone diagram showed that the causes of breakage / defects were determined, namely: workers do not understand quality standards, lack of product inspection, workers do not understand work procedures, unstable machine performance, workers are not careful, the number of mills is erratic, and composition erratic bricks. So it is necessary to make improvement proposals in order to reduce the number of defective products in red bricks. Keywords: DMAIC, DPMO, Quality Control, Six Sigma
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Carnerud, Daniel. "25 years of quality management research – outlines and trends." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 35, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 208–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-01-2017-0013.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe how research on quality management (QM) has evolved historically. The study includes the complete digital archive of three academic journals in the field of QM. Thereby, a unique depiction of how the general outlines of the field as well as trends in research topics have evolved through the years is presented. Design/methodology/approach The study applies cluster and probabilistic topic modeling to unstructured data from The International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, The TQM Journal and Total Quality Management & Business Excellence. In addition, trend analysis using support vector machine is performed. Findings The study identifies six central, perpetual themes of QM research: control, costs, reliability and failure; service quality; TQM – implementation and performance; ISO – certification, standards and systems; Innovation, practices and learning and customers – research and product design. Additionally, historical surges and shifts in research focus are recognized in the study. From these trends, a decrease in interest in TQM and control of quality, costs and processes in favor of service quality, customer satisfaction, Six Sigma, Lean and innovation can be noted during the past decade. The results validate previous findings. Originality/value Of the identified central themes, innovation, practices and learning appears not to have been documented as a fundamental part of QM research in previous studies. Thus, this theme can be regarded as a new perspective on QM research and thereby on QM.
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Krajcsák, Zoltán. "Successes of quality management systems through self-evaluation and commitment in different organizational cultures." Management Decision 56, no. 7 (July 9, 2018): 1467–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-09-2017-0870.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to create a theoretical framework that shows how the specialties of the organizational culture relate to the success of quality management systems’ (QMSs) application. In addition to these variables, the dependent variables of employees’ self-evaluation and some dimensions of commitment are also analyzed. Design/methodology/approach Unsuccessful organizational implementations of ISO 9000, total quality management (TQM) and Six Sigma are presented in case studies. These conclusions are utilized to retrieve individual and organizational barriers to the variables considered in each culture. Findings The characteristics of adhocracy determine self-efficacy and professional commitment. Through high levels of these variables, Six Sigma can be suggested for adhocracies. The clan culture is characterized by a high level of affective commitment and self-esteem, which support the TQM together with the internal focus dimension of the culture. The market culture is characterized by a high level of continuance commitment and neuroticism, which support ISO 9000 standards together with the control dimension of the culture. Research limitations/implications The limitation of the findings comes from the small sample size. The model presented is partly based on case studies; therefore, further research studies need to support or refute it. Practical implications In the practical use of the results, QMSs can be selected more targeted, reducing the risk of failing quality improvement strategies. Social implications Increasing and aligning quality and commitment in organizations supports the strengthening of individual and social well-being. Originality/value The study attempts to determine the most appropriate QMSs for organizational cultures in a complex way by analyzing the relationships between multiple organizational and individual variables.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Six sigma (Quality control standard) Total quality control"
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Nguenang, Lionel Bell. "An approach to six sigma implementation in South African enterprises." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1213.
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Thesis (MTech (Quality))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010To succeed in the global market, South African enterprises need an overall operational excellence which is a key requirement for any business to sustain competiveness and growth. To effectively respond to the constant flexibility of customer demands, many quality initiatives have been developed to assist business organisations in the quest for excellence. Quality management has evolved over the years from a simple product inspection, to a modern management system that requires the involvement of the entire workforce and other stakeholders to work closely, toward customer satisfaction. Currently, the most used quality concepts by organisations throughout the world are ISO 9001(2008); Total Quality Management; Just in Time; and Six Sigma. Among these quality initiatives, Six Sigma has emerged as the most powerful quality improvement strategy. In South Africa (SA), business organisations have adopted several quality initiatives to cope with the challenges of globalisation. Six Sigma is one of the latest quality initiatives that many businesses in SA are using or considering as a mechanism to strengthen their product or service quality. This study explores a Six Sigma model for implementation in the context of the South African business environment. As less than ten percent of organisations worldwide have recognised the tremendous effects of Six Sigma in boosting their productivity and financial profit, it becomes extremely important to understand the complexity and critical aspects behind Six Sigma implementation, that organisations in SA must recognise when implementing Six Sigma. This study can assist many industries in SA, as well as those in other developing nations, who have not yet experienced Six Sigma implementation, to become aware of the complexity and critical elements of this quality approach.
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Kanakana, Mukundeleli Grace. "An assessment of the challenges and successes experienced when implementing the six sigma methodology in Continental Tyre South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/531.
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Globalisation has opened up international markets for South African companies, but has also introduced competition in the domestic market. As a result, South African organisations are forced to attain global efficiency levels if they are to compete on the world market as well as maintain their domestic market share. Organisations have to come with creative methods that can enhance their competitiveness, one of them being the Six Sigma. Six Sigma is a measurement-based strategy that focuses on process improvement and variation reduction as a means towards performance improvement. The methodology has a reputation of success, however a number of organisations believe that the methodology is not relevant to their specific competitive needs. Six Sigma is seen as another continuous improvement tool applicable to first world country organisations which will fade away with time. The study was undertaken to find out challenges and successes of implementing a Six Sigma methodology at Continental Tyre SA. The findings of the study revealed that the experience of implementing Six Sigma methodology at Continental Tyre SA is similar to those experienced by first world organisations. It is concluded that Six Sigma methodology can improve organisation processes and yield financial benefits irrespective of organisation location or background. However, organisations must follow a systematic guideline when implementing the methodology. The study provides recommendations on how Continental Tyre SA can align their strategy in order to achieve organisational objectives. The following recommendations were made: Roll out Six Sigma to support departments; Align the strategy to address critical success factors; Improve project turnover time and measure the success on financial savings and number of projects completed.
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Worthington, Jeremiah. "Analyzing three quality management systems in relation to the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2855.
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This paper explores different quality management systems (QMS) and correlates their value in achieving success as measured by the Malcolm Baldrige Award. The three major quality management systems were reviewed, International Organization of Standards (ISO), Total Quality Management (TQM) and Six Sigma. Quality management systems are the single most powerful tool that a company can establish to create a sucessful organization.
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Cavallini, Alessandro Giorgio. "Lean Six Sigma as a Source of Competitive Advantage." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2656.pdf.
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Brady, James E. "Six sigma and the university." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1110222811.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains 172 p. Includes bibliographical references. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Faust, Justin E. "Increase efficiency using the six sigma methodologies." Online version, 2009. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2009/2009faustj.pdf.
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Kang, Chiweon. "The synergy effect between Six Sigma & Lean Manufacturing." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2005. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2005/2005kangc.pdf.
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Palanna, Namita. "Lean manufacturing and six sigma." Full text available, 2004. http://images.lib.monash.edu.au/ts/theses/palanna.pdf.
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Joyappa, Pallavi. "Pre production planning and leadtime reduction using Six Sigma." Online version, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004joyappap.pdf.
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Hutton, Thomas C. 1965. "ACE vs. Six Sigma." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17898.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 68).
In the early 1980's and 1990's, companies began to build upon the principles of Total Quality Management and developed there own unique quality systems. The most popular and well known of these systems is Six Sigma that was developed by Motorola and successfully adopted by others such as Allied Signal (now Honeywell) and most notably, General Electric. Six Sigma can be characterized as a highly formalized, process oriented improvement tool that is data focused. The Six Sigma process is normally performed by a diverse team, who attack a quality/process problem by analyzing process variation or in statistical terms, sigma. The foundations of Six Sigma are commitment from upper management, detailed training and a regimented diagnostic approach. Another quality operating system is the less known, but very successful, Achieving Competitive Excellence (ACE) operating system. This system was developed and is practiced by United Technologies Corporation (UTC). The ACE system is broader based than the Six-Sigma approach, however, ACE is not as data oriented as the Six Sigma approach. ACE revolves around the three principle categories of process improvement and waste elimination tools, decision-making tools, and problem solving tools. These tools impact issues as diverse, but not limited to, factory floor cleanliness, market feedback analysis, machine tool preventative maintenance and set up reduction. ACE is a combination of lean manufacturing and quality improvement philosophies. This paper provides an analysis of both the Six Sigma and ACE Quality Operating Systems. In the paper the systems are compared and contrasted. Further, strengths and weaknesses of each system are discussed. In particular, the analysis focuses on how ACE can leverage elements
(cont.) and aspects of Six Sigma. The analysis concludes that there are elements of Six Sigma that would benefit ACE. The paper identifies that the strength of Six Sigma's statistical approach and its positive impact on process certification could be beneficially applied to the ACE system. Further, there are recommendations for UTC to place more of an emphasis on ACE training and to accelerate its current efforts to better link quality and lean improvement to product engineering and design.
by Thomas C. Hutton.
M.B.A.
Books on the topic "Six sigma (Quality control standard) Total quality control"
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Brussee, Warren. Six Sigma on a budget: Achieving more with less using the principles of Six Sigma. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.
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Thomsett, Michael C. Getting Started in Six Sigma. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2004.
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service), ScienceDirect (Online, ed. Implementing Six Sigma and Lean: A practical guide to tools and techniques. Amsterdam: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 2009.
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1946-, Voehl Frank, ed. The Six Sigma yellow belt handbook. Chico, CA: Paton Professional, 2009.
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Harrington, H. J. The Six Sigma green belt handbook. Chico, Calif: Paton Professional, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Six sigma (Quality control standard) Total quality control"
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Japanese Total Quality Control." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 15–16. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_5.
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Six Sigma." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 37–46. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_10.
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Total Quality Management." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 17–21. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_6.
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Introduction." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 1–2. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_1.
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Discussion and Comparison About the Common Characteristics." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 47–51. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_11.
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Lessons Learned from the Comparison and Discussion." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 53–55. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_12.
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Conclusions." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 57. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_13.
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Agenda for Future Research." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 59. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_14.
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Chiarini, Andrea. "A Historical Path of the Systems." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 3–8. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_2.
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Literature Review Concerning the Comparison of the Systems." In From Total Quality Control to Lean Six Sigma, 9–10. Milano: Springer Milan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2658-2_3.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Six sigma (Quality control standard) Total quality control"
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Kazmer, David, Kaushik Manek, Cybele Lotti, Rosario E. S. Bretas, and Liang Zhu. "Dimensional Tolerancing and Control in Molded Products." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42430.
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Design and manufacturing of engineered products are subject to uncontrolled variation (noise) and unknown performance behavior and/or requirements (uncertainty). Skilled practitioners currently utilize robust design and Six Sigma techniques for tolerance specification and parametric optimization to control the mean and variance of the performance characteristics. Even after several design iterations, however, the final product and process design may not be optimal and result in unacceptable performance or quality levels. This paper explores the validity of current Six Sigma practices for dimensional tolerancing and process optimization in the manufacturing of an injection molded plastic part. Specifically, the use of process capability indices and aggregate performance measures are discussed relative to the shrinkage behavior of isotactic polypropylene, i-PP. The results indicate that uncertainty and covariance between multiple part dimensions can invalidate standard practices. While current best practices may be better than completely unstructured approaches, the resulting product and process designs provide suboptimal product characteristics, broad performance distributions, and low manufacturing yields.
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Wells, Lee J., Byeng D. Youn, and Zhimin Xi. "Innovative Six Sigma Design Using the Eigenvector Dimension-Reduction (EDR) Method." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35614.
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This paper presents an innovative approach for quality engineering using the Eigenvector Dimension Reduction (EDR) Method. Currently industry relies heavily upon the use of the Taguchi method and Signal to Noise (S/N) ratios as quality indices. However, some disadvantages of the Taguchi method exist such as, its reliance upon samples occurring at specified levels, results to be valid at only the current design point, and its expensiveness to maintain a certain level of confidence. Recently, it has been shown that the EDR method can accurately provide an analysis of variance, similar to that of the Taguchi method, but is not hindered by the aforementioned drawbacks of the Taguchi method. This is evident because the EDR method is based upon fundamental statistics, where the statistical information for each design parameter is used to estimate the uncertainty propagation through engineering systems. Therefore, the EDR method provides much more extensive capabilities than the Taguchi method, such as the ability to estimate not only mean and standard deviation of the response, but also the skewness and kurtosis. The uniqueness of the EDR method is its ability to generate the probability density function (PDF) of system performances. This capability, known as the probabilistic “what-if” study, provides a visual representation of the effects of the design parameters (e.g., its mean and variance) upon the response. In addition, the probabilistic “what-if” study can be applied across multiple design parameters, allowing the analysis of interactions among control factors. Furthermore, the implementation of the probabilistic “what-if” study provides a basis for performing robust design optimization. Because of these advantages, it is apparent that the EDR method provides an alternative platform of quality engineering to the Taguchi method. For easy execution by field engineers, the proposed platform for quality engineering using the EDR method, known as Quick Quality Quantification (Q3), will be developed as a Microsoft EXCEL add-in.
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Arnold, Matthew L., Robert J. Peterman, Naga Narendra B. Bodapati, B. Terry Beck, and Chih-Hang (John) Wu. "Development of a Standard Bond Test for Indented Prestressing Wires." In 2013 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2013-2461.
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An experimental testing program was conducted at Kansas State University (KSU) to test the bond characteristics of various 5.32 mm-diameter, Grade 270 low-relaxation steel wires used in prestressed concrete railroad ties. This un-tensioned pullout test could serve as a quality control test similar to the NASP (North American Strand Producers) Strand Bond Test that has been developed for pre-tensioned strands. A total of twelve (12) wires produced by six different steel manufacturers were used to develop the wire pullout test. All of the wires were tested in their “as-received” condition and have different indent geometries. It is generally accepted that indentations in the wire improve the bond between the steel and concrete. However, there are currently no commonly accepted quality control tests that accurately predict a wire’s bond characteristics in a pre-tensioned application. The un-tensioned pullout test developed is comparable to the NASP [Strand] Bond Test. The specimens consist of a 4 in. (100 mm) outer-diameter tube with a total length of 8 in. (200 mm) and a steel plate welded to the bottom. The 5.32 mm-diameter wire was centered in the tube and the sand-cement mortar was placed and allowed to cure. The flow of the mortar was measured for consistency and 2” × 2” (50 mm × 50 mm) mortar cubes were used to determine the compressive strength of the mortar. The specimens were tested when the compressive strength of the mortar was between 4500 and 5000 psi (31.0 MPa and 34.5 MPa). Each batch of mortar contained 12 pullout specimens; one with each wire type. Each wire was tested six times leading to a total of six batches and a total of 72 mortar specimens. During testing, the wires were loaded in force control at the bottom, while continuously monitoring and recording the movement (slip) of the wire with respect to the mortar at the opposite (top) end. The force verses end-slip data of the six tests for each wire type were numerically combined to obtain the average bond performance. These average results from the un-tensioned pullout tests were then compared to transfer length measurements from accompanying pre-tensioned concrete prisms. In general, the wire end slip measurements from the pullout tests were found to have good correlation with the measured transfer length. For all 12 wires, a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.872 was found between the average pullout force (at 0.10-inch (2.54 mm) of wire free-end slip) and average transfer length measurements from the accompanying concrete prism tests. However, when only the indented wires were considered, the R2 increased to 0.913.
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Ghadge, Jeevan, Alok Krishnan, Samarth Gupta, Dhilip Balasundaram, and Tim Best. "Development of a Euro VI Diesel Engine System Optimised to Deliver Fuel Economy and Emissions Improvements on a Series Hybrid City Bus Application for One of the World’s Busiest Bus Networks." In ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2014-5579.
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Ongoing efforts to reduce CO2 and other pollutant tail pipe emissions have led to escalated demand for diesel-electric hybrid bus powertrains in Europe, similar to the trend in passenger car markets. This is fuelled by public expectations and initiatives by various European governments to reward bus fleet operators for reduced in-city emissions and noise thus improving air quality and wellbeing of the general population. This paper describes the engineering efforts that developed a Euro VI certified diesel engine system, catering for series hybrids operating under ‘charge-depleting’ as well as ‘load following’ battery management strategies. The development team delivered improved fuel economy whilst dealing with requirements around legislation, unique customer duty cycles and engine mechanical robustness. Focus was placed on capturing requirements from a diverse range of sources and harmonising them to develop a technical solution fit for purpose in day to day operation that differs from validation cycles and standard drivetrain operation. In order to deliver a field-ready solution, application specific tuning and validation processes had to be defined and developed. This was achieved through close coordination with the European bus OEMs and their chosen hybrid system suppliers. Six-sigma tools were used to highlight key expectations and drive technical solutions. At a system level the focus was on OBD reliability, exhaust after-treatment management, controls functionality, hardware durability and tail pipe emissions. Performance targets including the number of start-stops per hour, idle management and engine speed-torque ramp rates were defined. Drive cycle simulations helped define optimal engine and hybrid system operating strategies followed by physical testing to further optimise these running points. Vehicle-level validation was completed through field testing, specific European bus test cycles, as well as under exceptional scenarios encountered in real world use. This exercise was designed to find and solve interface and OBD issues. Integration challenges in the areas of engine speed-torque control, diesel particulate filter management and HVAC control were addressed. The outcome is the release of a bespoke Euro VI diesel engine package, which enabled the hybrid bus system to exceed customer expectations. This integrated system operates on a set of optimised parameters delivering efficient sub system behaviour including aftertreatment management, engine protection and operating state control. It handles the full range of real-world vehicle operation with improved fuel economy, frequent start/stop operation and enhanced driveability.
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Mendez Gutierrez, Freddy Alfonso, Islam Khaled Abdel Karim, Mario Ramon Oviedo Vargas, Mohamed Abdulrahman Alzaabi, Salim Abdalla Al Ali, Takahiro Toki, Jeughale Ramanujan, et al. "Different Reservoir Pressures in Multi Reservoir Hole Section Conquered by Advanced Planning Techniques." In SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/202085-ms.
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Abstract A Major Operating Company in UAE planned and drilled a challenging 6 inch horizontal drain after crossing twenty-seven formation sub-layers. The heterogeneity of pore pressure varied from equivalent mud weights as high as 10.6 ppg to as low as 7.1 ppg across the exposed reservoirs. Control of the equivalent circulating density (ECD) values to safely drill across these multi-reservoir sections and diverse reservoir pressures was one of the top challenges on this well, as the fracture gradients (FG) ranged from 13.5 ppg across the competent reservoirs to as low as 11ppg across the fractured reservoir section. The offset well data review show that 4 out of 6 wells encountered moderate, severe and total losses with mud weight (MW) ranging from 11 ppg to 11.3 ppg, which were cured by using heavy LCM treatments and in some cases, after several failed attempts to cure losses, cement plugs were used. Historically, the average time spent curing total losses in these wells varied from 2-3.5 weeks causing well cost increments as consequence of this non-productive time. All of the above, without mentioning the extra efforts, resources and risks were faced due to well control and stuck pipe events which occurred on those wells. Engineering and Operation teams worked together to engineer a solution to drill this well in one run while safely maintaining the well under control and managing the losses. The Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) was designed to withstand the well challenges including multiple contingency options. These options allowed:Improving hole quality while tripping using a special type of eccentric reamer stabilizer.Pumping various LCM concentration scenarios through a multi-cycle circulation valve. In addition, a special type of float valve was placed on the top of the BHA as barrier, stopping back flow under surface backpressure or kick scenarios.Optimizing mud weight by using formation pressure while drilling (FPWD) and monitoring both equivalent circulating density ECD and equivalent static density (ESD) by pressure while drilling tools. The drilling fluid was loaded with non-damaging loss circulation material without compromising the MWD/LWD limits. Additionally, the mud rheology was carefully selected and monitored to achieve the desired ECD. On surface, a managed pressure while drilling system was deployed to give control on reservoir pressures. In instances of influx, MPD allows to early detect any kick and controlled by surface back pressure without requiring shut in for applying standard well control techniques. Keeping the well under control by surface back pressure (SBP) during connections time (flow–off). Additionally, MPD also enables the contingency of applying pressurized mud capping in case of unable to control the losses. As decision point, a loss management plan was prepared and implemented. Also, a dynamic formation integrity test was planned and performed to calibrate the fracture gradient across the loss zones. The problematic zone was successfully drilled with one BHA in under six days (5.73 days). The estimated savings for the company were 8 days, which equates to ±1MMUS$ after including the MPD cost which increased the well cost by 200MUS$. To further complement the outright savings, the engineered solution managed to safely stave off operational complications as well as incurring the related complexities and non-productive time (NPT) as recorded on the offset wells. Additionally, well was successfully landed and geo-steered across the target formation and 4½ in liner was run and cemented off-bottom avoiding the need to develop a slot recovery scope on this well with an extra duration of +/-35 days. The engineered solution provided a high level of preparation and contingencies within the BHA, Managed Pressure Drilling Equipment, real time monitoring, mud and cement formulation. The applied techniques allowed the operating company to successfully execute this challenge well within the proposed time and budget.