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Yang, Fumeng, Wenjun Wang, Qian Liu, Xizhen Wang, Guangrong Bian, Shijie Teng, and Wei Liang. "The application of Six Sigma to perform quality analyses of plasma proteins." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 57, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563219892023.
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Background The Six Sigma theory is an important tool for laboratory quality management. It has been widely used in clinical chemistry, haematology and other disciplines. The aim of our study was to evaluate the analytical performance of plasma proteins by application of Sigma metric and to compare the differences among three different allowable total errors in evaluating the analytical performance of plasma proteins. Methods Three different allowable total error values were used as quality goals. Data from an external quality assessment were used as bias, and the cumulative coefficient of variation in internal quality control data was used to represent the amount of imprecision during the same period. Sigma metric of analytes was calculated using the above data. The quality goal index was calculated to provide corrected measures for continuous improvements in analytical quality. Results The Sigma metric was highest using the external quality assessment standards of China: it was sigma ≥6 or higher in 57.1% of plasma proteins. But Sigma metric was lower by using RiliBÄK or biological variation standards. IgG, C3 and C-reactive protein all required quality improvements in imprecision. A single-rule 13s for internal quality control was recommended for IgA, IgM, C4 and rheumatoid factor, whereas multiple rules (13s/22s/R4s) were recommended for IgG, C3 and C-reactive protein, according to the external quality assessment standards of China. Conclusions Different quality goals can lead to different Sigma metric for the same analyte. As the lowest acceptable standard in clinical practice, the external quality assessment standard of China can guide laboratories to formulate reasonable quality improvement programmes.
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Harianto, Sutrisno, and Ellysa Nursanti. "Green Quality Improvement Using Six Sigma Method." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (August 27, 2020): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug266.
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Traditional cast brass handicrafts Majapahit is one of the nation's cultural heritage which has a high historical value. The uniqueness and quality become the hallmark of this craft products. The results of handmade products such as sculptures, wall hangings, souvenirs, ornaments doors and so on. To increase the sales of traditional handicrafts of brass castings, required Majapahit applicative technical efforts in improving the quality of products which are ecofriendly. Quality improvement method such as Six sigma. Six sigma focuses on decreasing flawed rate, by reaching the standard 3, 4 flawed in a thousand possibility. Six sigma has 5 phases; define, measure, analyze, improvement, and control. In this research, six sigma is applied in producing cast brass handicraft starting from making the master mold, preparation of smelting raw materials, cooling process, releasing of the mold, and finishing. Purposefully to improve the quality by overcoming and decreasing the high of flawed possibility and also applying marketing mixture in improving the market segmentation of traditional cast brass of Majapahit market. The result is quality improvement is shown by decreasing happen in number of flawed product in total of mean for about 154, 8 decreased to 59,5. While the calculation of the six sigma, flawed product of cast brass handicraft is for about 1,7625 sigma value or being in level 2 and increased to 3,725 or being in level 4 with the flawed possibility in amount 235,000 for thousand times of production. The ability of production for the requirement which is wanted by the consumers and owning a good enough capability but still needed some correction to achieve world class home industry
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Kaftan, Ahmed Naseer, Anne Khazal Yaseen, and Zina Hasan. "Assessment of sigma metrics results of serum glucose and lipid profile tested by automated chemistry analyzer in medical city hospitals in Iraq." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 11 (October 27, 2017): 4690. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174917.
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Background: A major target of quality assurance is the minimization of error rates in order to enhance patient safety, six sigma or sigma metrics were used to assess the analytical quality of automated clinical chemistry, six sigma metrics is used in combination with total allowable error, method imprecision and bias. The goal is to attain the highest possible sigma scale within the acceptable limits of total allowable error. For assessment of sigma metrics results of serum glucose and lipid profile and verification of reference values for these analytes tested by automated chemistry analyzer in Medical City hospitals.Methods: In the present study, internal quality control (EQA) and external quality assessment (EQA) data were analyzed for the period from May to July 2017 using chemistry autoanalyzer (Siemens Dimension RxL Max) at the Teaching Laboratories of the Medical City. Mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, bias, total error and sigma metrics were calculated for glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL.Results: Excellent sigma values (≥6) were elicited for triglycerides (10.9), Satisfactory sigma values (≥3) were elicited for cholesterol (3.4) and HDL (3.4), while glucose performed poorly (2.3) on the sigma scale.Conclusions: Sigma metrics helps to assess analytical methodologies and augment laboratory performance. It acts as a guide for planning quality control strategy. It can be a self-assessment tool regarding the functioning of clinical laboratory. Triglycerides was the best performer when it was gauzed on the sigma scale, with a sigma metrics value of 10.9 and glucose had the least sigma metrics value of 2.5 so there is need for improvement and the method should be controlled with greater attention to ensure quality.
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Sharma, Mithun, Sanjeev P. Sahni, and Shilpi Sharma. "Reduction of defects in the lapping process of the silicon wafer manufacturing: the Six Sigma application." Engineering Management in Production and Services 11, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/emj-2019-0013.
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Abstract Aiming to reduce flatness (Total Thickness Variation, TTV) defects in the lapping process of the silicon wafer manufacturing, it is crucial to understand and eliminate the root cause(s). Financial losses resulting from TTV defects make the lapping process unsustainable. DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control), which is a Six Sigma methodology, was implemented to improve the quality of the silicon wafer manufacturing process. The study design and the choice of procedures were contingent on customer requirements and customised to ensure maximum satisfaction; which is the underlying principle of the rigorous, statistical technique of Six Sigma. Previously unknown causes of high TTV reject rates were identified, and a massive reduction in the TTV reject rate was achieved (from 4.43% to 0.02%). Also, the lapping process capability (Ppk) increased to 3.87 (beyond the required standard of 1.67), suggesting sustainable long-term stability. Control procedures were also effectively implemented using the techniques of poka yoke and control charts. This paper explores the utility of Six Sigma, a quality management technique, to improve the quality of a process used in the semiconductor industry. The application of the Six Sigma methodology in the current project provides an example of the root cause investigation methodology that can be adopted for similar processes or industries. Some of the statistical tools and techniques were used for the first time in this project, thereby providing new analysis and quality improvement platform for the future. The article offers a deeper understanding of the factors that impact on the silicon wafer flatness in the lapping process. It also highlights the benefits of using a structured problem-solving methodology like Six Sigma.
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Brown, Megan, Jennifer Colby, Matthew Feldhammer, and James Nichols. "Automated Clinical Chemistry Platform Performance Across Two Academic Medical Centers." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 152, Supplement_1 (September 11, 2019): S24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz112.046.
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Abstract Our objective was to define the performance of automated chemistry platforms at two large academic medical centers by calculating and comparing sigma metrics for 28 analytes. Performance characteristics of chemistry assays on two Roche Cobas analyzers and four Abbott Architect analyzers were estimated using 12 months of Bio-Rad quality control (QC) data at two concentrations. Method imprecision was calculated as the cumulative QC coefficient of variation (CV) across analyzers at each QC concentration and percent bias was calculated by comparison of analyzer QC mean to peer group means. Sigma values were calculated for each method as [(TEa – Bias%)/CV%] using allowable total error (TEa) from two sources: the CLIA evaluation limits and desirable biological variation. Average sigma values were generated for each site and graded as optimal, >6 sigma; good, 5 to 6 sigma; marginal, 3 to 5 sigma; or poor, <3 sigma. Analysis of NIST SRM1950 standards for a subset of analytes allowed an estimation of absolute bias. Sigma metrics were highly comparable across both study sites. Considering CLIA TEa, just over half (Roche 57%; Abbott 54%) of the 28 analytes met the six-sigma standard of performance. The highest performing groups to meet or exceed the six-sigma standard were lipids (cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides) and enzymes (ALP, ALT, AST, CK, GGT, LDH, and lipase). Electrolytes (Na, K, Cl, Mg) and metabolites (total bilirubin, BUN, CO2) failed to meet six-sigma. Notably, there were dramatic differences in sigma values calculated using CLIA and Ricos TEa criteria. Almost 40% of the analytes had at least one QC that performed poorly using Ricos criteria. Only 4 of the 28 assays (CK, GGT, lipase, and triglycerides) demonstrated optimal performance at both study sites using Ricos and CLIA criteria. Overall, 11 analytes at each institution exhibited unacceptable performance using Ricos criteria as opposed to only two analytes with the CLIA TEa limits. Analysis of NIST SRM1950 at both study sites gave comparable sigmas for all analytes except total bilirubin, cholesterol, Mg, and total protein. Neither Abbott nor Roche analyzers met six-sigma quality standards for all analytes tested. Overall assay performance across these two platforms at two major academic medical centers was almost identical. CLIA TEa and RICOS TEa criteria are significantly different, with wider limits of acceptability for CLIA. Variations between individual analyzers and manufacturers and limitations in automation would make tailored QC rules based on sigma metrics difficult to implement in a high-volume laboratory.
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Suprayogi, Anjar. "APLIKASI PENDEKATAN SIX SIGMA UNTUK PERBAIKAN KUALITAS PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN TANK WASHER." Operations Excellence: Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering 10, no. 3 (November 15, 2018): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/oe.v10.3.2018.008.
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PT. Laksana Teknik Makmur is a manufacturing company engaged in the manufacture of car accesories in Indonesia. One of the products produced is a tank washer with a high defect rate in the production process of 11 percent. This study uses the DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) as a tool to solve problems about improving the quality of the process of making tank washer. The initial analysis for Define shows that CTQ (Critical to Quality) is the largest defect of the wave, which is 4.1 percent of the total defects of tank washer. From the measurement results in the Measure stage, the DPMO value is 108475 with Sigma Level 2.73. Then Analyze is done to get any factors that cause wave defects. On the Improve stage using Ishikawa's method, the results of the new Standard Operating Procedure are recommended. In the final stage, Control is carried out after the implementation of the new SOP for 1 month, the result is that the wave defect value drops to 2 percent and the Sigma Level value increases to 3.326 with the value of DPMO 20424.
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Kholik, Nur, Yustina Ngatilah, and Erlina Purnamawaty. "ANALISA KECACATAN PRODUK SEPATU KAKI TANGGA ALUMINIUM DENGAN METODE SIX SIGMA (STUDI KASUS UD. CP)." JUMINTEN 1, no. 6 (November 16, 2020): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/juminten.v1i6.172.
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UD. CP is a manufacturing company engaged in the manufacture of household appliances. One of the company's products is aluminum footwear. The problem that often arises in this product is the high defect that occurs in the aluminum footwear product which reaches 5% -6% of total production. The types of defects are hollow, torn, bump, melt, hollow, and melt and hollow. Given these problems, a study was conducted to reduce the percentage of defects in products with the Six Sigma method. Based on the analysis of the DPMO calculation and the company sigma value, the average DPMO value is 8705,201 and the sigma value of 3,8773 shows that the aluminum footwear products are included in the standard quality of the average industry in Indonesia. From these results an analysis of the root causes of disability is carried out using a fishbone diagram that has 5 factors that cause disability, namely humans, methods, materials, machinery, and the environment. After the cause of the disability is known, priority plans for improvement are made. From the results of this FMEA method the priority of the proposed improvement is to provide supervision to the operator, provide training to the operator, increase supervision of production results, Prevent maintenance of the machine, Control the machine correctly.
Keywords: Defect, DPMO, Six Sigma Quality Control, FMEA
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Ari Satya, Egar Naufal, and Wahyudin Wahyudin. "Perbaikan Kualitas Produk Batu Bata Merah Dengan Metode Six Sigma-Dmaic (Studi Kasus Cv. Ghatan Fatahillah Karawang)." UNISTEK 8, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33592/unistek.v8i1.1073.
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Abstrak. Dunia industri yang semakin berkembang akan mengakibatkan banyaknya persaingan. Perus-ahaan yang dapat bersaing adalah perusahaan yang dapat menjaga kualitas produknya dengan baik sehingga dapat memenuhi kepuasan konsumen. Maka dari itu diperlukan pengendalian kualitas. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada penurunan cacat pada produk batu bata merah di CV. Ghatan Fatahillah dengan metode Six Sigma-DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, dan Control). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan DPMO sebesar 36.212 dengan nilai sigma 3,29. Jenis cacat yang paling sering terjadi pada batu bata merah yaitu pecah/patah yaitu sebesar 4.327 atau 59,81% dari total keseluruhan produk yang cacat. Hasil dari tahap analyze dengan fishbone diagram, ditetapkan penyebab dari pecah/cacat, yaitu: pekerja kurang paham standar kualitas, tidak adanya pemeriksaan produk, pekerja kurang paham prosedur kerja, kinerja mesin tidak stabil, pekerja kurang teliti, jumlah penggilingan tidak menentu, dan komposisi batu bata tidak menentu. Maka perlu dilakukan usulan perbaikan agar dapat mengurangi jumlah produk yang cacat pada batu bata merah. Kata kunci: DMAIC, DPMO, Pengendalian Kualitas, Six Sigma Abstract. The growing industrial world will result in a lot of competition. Companies that can compete are companies that can maintain the quality of their products well so that they can meet customer satisfaction. Therefore, quality control is needed. This research is focused on reducing defects in red brick products at CV. Ghatan Fatahillah with the Six Sigma-DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). From the research results obtained DPMO of 36,212 with a sigma value of 3.29. The type of defect that most often occurs in red bricks is broken / broken, which is 4,327 or 59.81% of the total defective products. The results of the Analyze stage with the fishbone diagram showed that the causes of breakage / defects were determined, namely: workers do not understand quality standards, lack of product inspection, workers do not understand work procedures, unstable machine performance, workers are not careful, the number of mills is erratic, and composition erratic bricks. So it is necessary to make improvement proposals in order to reduce the number of defective products in red bricks. Keywords: DMAIC, DPMO, Quality Control, Six Sigma
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Carnerud, Daniel. "25 years of quality management research – outlines and trends." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 35, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 208–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-01-2017-0013.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe how research on quality management (QM) has evolved historically. The study includes the complete digital archive of three academic journals in the field of QM. Thereby, a unique depiction of how the general outlines of the field as well as trends in research topics have evolved through the years is presented. Design/methodology/approach The study applies cluster and probabilistic topic modeling to unstructured data from The International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, The TQM Journal and Total Quality Management & Business Excellence. In addition, trend analysis using support vector machine is performed. Findings The study identifies six central, perpetual themes of QM research: control, costs, reliability and failure; service quality; TQM – implementation and performance; ISO – certification, standards and systems; Innovation, practices and learning and customers – research and product design. Additionally, historical surges and shifts in research focus are recognized in the study. From these trends, a decrease in interest in TQM and control of quality, costs and processes in favor of service quality, customer satisfaction, Six Sigma, Lean and innovation can be noted during the past decade. The results validate previous findings. Originality/value Of the identified central themes, innovation, practices and learning appears not to have been documented as a fundamental part of QM research in previous studies. Thus, this theme can be regarded as a new perspective on QM research and thereby on QM.
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Krajcsák, Zoltán. "Successes of quality management systems through self-evaluation and commitment in different organizational cultures." Management Decision 56, no. 7 (July 9, 2018): 1467–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-09-2017-0870.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to create a theoretical framework that shows how the specialties of the organizational culture relate to the success of quality management systems’ (QMSs) application. In addition to these variables, the dependent variables of employees’ self-evaluation and some dimensions of commitment are also analyzed. Design/methodology/approach Unsuccessful organizational implementations of ISO 9000, total quality management (TQM) and Six Sigma are presented in case studies. These conclusions are utilized to retrieve individual and organizational barriers to the variables considered in each culture. Findings The characteristics of adhocracy determine self-efficacy and professional commitment. Through high levels of these variables, Six Sigma can be suggested for adhocracies. The clan culture is characterized by a high level of affective commitment and self-esteem, which support the TQM together with the internal focus dimension of the culture. The market culture is characterized by a high level of continuance commitment and neuroticism, which support ISO 9000 standards together with the control dimension of the culture. Research limitations/implications The limitation of the findings comes from the small sample size. The model presented is partly based on case studies; therefore, further research studies need to support or refute it. Practical implications In the practical use of the results, QMSs can be selected more targeted, reducing the risk of failing quality improvement strategies. Social implications Increasing and aligning quality and commitment in organizations supports the strengthening of individual and social well-being. Originality/value The study attempts to determine the most appropriate QMSs for organizational cultures in a complex way by analyzing the relationships between multiple organizational and individual variables.
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Fonseca, Anderson, Paulo Henrique Ferreira, Diego Carvalho do Nascimento, Rosemeire Fiaccone, Christopher Ulloa-Correa, Ayón García-Piña, and Francisco Louzada. "Water Particles Monitoring in the Atacama Desert: SPC Approach Based on Proportional Data." Axioms 10, no. 3 (July 13, 2021): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms10030154.
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Statistical monitoring tools are well established in the literature, creating organizational cultures such as Six Sigma or Total Quality Management. Nevertheless, most of this literature is based on the normality assumption, e.g., based on the law of large numbers, and brings limitations towards truncated processes as open questions in this field. This work was motivated by the register of elements related to the water particles monitoring (relative humidity), an important source of moisture for the Copiapó watershed, and the Atacama region of Chile (the Atacama Desert), and presenting high asymmetry for rates and proportions data. This paper proposes a new control chart for interval data about rates and proportions (symbolic interval data) when they are not results of a Bernoulli process. The unit-Lindley distribution has many interesting properties, such as having only one parameter, from which we develop the unit-Lindley chart for both classical and symbolic data. The performance of the proposed control chart is analyzed using the average run length (ARL), median run length (MRL), and standard deviation of the run length (SDRL) metrics calculated through an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study. Results from the real data applications reveal the tool’s potential to be adopted to estimate the control limits in a Statistical Process Control (SPC) framework.
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Niu, Run H., and Ying Fan. "An in-depth investigation on quality management practices in China." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 32, no. 7 (August 3, 2015): 736–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-10-2013-0175.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to capture the up-to-date development of quality management (QM) programs in China’s manufacturing landscape. The study aims to gain understanding on the current state-of-the-art QM programs adopted by Chinese manufacturing companies. Furthermore, the study investigates the key drivers and organizational characteristics that may shape the decisions on QM program adoption. Design/methodology/approach – To gain a deep understanding of QM in China’s manufacturing landscape, in-depth interviews were conducted with production managers, quality managers, and/or executives of 12 manufacturing companies in four cities in China in May and June 2012. Each interview lasted about two hours and covered all aspects of QM in the business, including what quality programs are in place and why the business adopts and implements these programs. Grounded theory approach is used to conduct qualitative analysis on the interview transcripts using NVivo 9, a qualitative data analysis program. Findings – Two categories of QM programs adopted by Chinese companies emerged from the analysis, namely, QM systems and QM certifications. QM systems include Total Quality Management (TQM), Six Sigma, and Lean. QM certification includes ISO 9000 series standard certificates, ISO 14000 certificate, OHSAS heath certificates, government regulatory certificates, and industry certificates. The authors found while Six Sigma and Lean adoption is related to parent company requirement, TQM adoption is related to internal quality improvement and control, quality assurance, leadership ideology, culture, and employee commitment. QM certification adoption is significantly related to external drivers. Regarding the effect of organizational characteristics, the study reveals that while corporate governance and ownership influence parent company requirements as an adoption driver, industry, product, and market segmentation influence industry requirements and government regulations as adoption drivers. Research limitations/implications – The findings and proposed conceptual framework are based on qualitative data collected from 12 companies in four cities in China, which may be limited to represent and reveal every aspect of QM programs adopted in Chinese manufacturing industries. The findings provide theoretical propositions that can be verified using a large sample set in future studies. In addition, although the study identified a variety of QM programs adopted, how these programs are implemented warrants further investigation. Practical implications – This study gives a status update and in-depth investigation on the development of QM programs adopted in Chinese manufacturing companies. How internal drivers, external drivers, and organizational characteristics shape companies’ decision on program adoption were explored. The study results provide implications not only for companies that are involved in supply chains with operations in China, but also for Chinese domestic companies competing in global markets to have QM systems in place to ensure quality performance. Originality/value – This study used multiple case study approach and grounded theory approach to conduct in-depth investigation on the current state of QM landscape in China’s manufacturing companies. It contributes to the body of knowledge on QM programs in China by uncovering the linkages between program adoption, key drivers, and organizational characteristics in an integrated framework.
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Joghee, Ravichandran. "Control chart for high-quality processes based on Six Sigma quality." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 34, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 2–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-05-2015-0080.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an innovative and quite new Six Sigma quality control (SSQC) chart for the benefit of Six Sigma practitioners. A step-by-step procedure for the construction of the chart is also given. Design/methodology/approach Under the assumption of normality, in this paper, the construction of SSQC chart is proposed in which the population mean and standard deviation are drawn from the process specification from the perspective of Six Sigma quality (SSQ). In this chart, the concept of target range is used to restrict the shift in the process within plus or minus 1.5 times of standard deviation. This control chart is useful in monitoring the process to ensure that the process is well maintained within the specification limits with minimum variation (shift). Findings A step-by-step procedure is given for the construction of the proposed SSQC chart. It can be easily understood and its application is also simple for Six Sigma practitioners. The proposed chart suggests for timely improvements in process mean and variation. The illustrative example shows the improved performance of the proposed new procedure. Research limitations/implications The proposed approach assumes a normal population described by the known specification of the process/product characteristics though it may not be in all cases. This may call for a thorough study of the population before applying the chart. Practical implications The proposed SSQC chart is an innovative approach and is quite new for the practitioners. The paper assumes that the population standard deviation is known and is drawn from the specification of the process/product characteristics. The proposed chart helps in fine-tuning the process mean and bringing the process standard deviation to the satisfactory level from the perspective of SSQ. Originality/value The paper is the first of its kind. It is innovative and quite new to the Six Sigma practitioners who will find its application interesting.
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A, Maheshwari, Sadariya B, Javia HN, and Sharma D. "Quality improvement in clinical biochemistry laboratory using six sigma metrics and quality goal index." Journal of Medical and Scientific Research 9, no. 2 (April 19, 2021): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2021/9-16.
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Introduction: One of the most popular quality management system tackle employed for process perfection is six sigma. When the process outcome is measurable, six sigma can be used to assess the quality. Aim: Present study was conducted with the objective to apply six sigma matrices and quality goal index for the assessment of quality assurance in a clinical biochemistry laboratory. Materials and methods: Present study is a retrospective study. Internal and external quality control data were analyzed retrospectively during July 2020 to December 2020. Descriptive statistics like laboratory mean ± standard deviation; bias and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated for the parameters glucose, urea, creatinine, ALT (SGPT), AST (SGOT), cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL. Sigma value was calculated for both level I & level II of internal quality control (IQC). Results: Satisfactory sigma values (≥3) were elicited for blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, urea and creatinine, while ALT (SGPT) and AST (SGOT) performed poorly (<3) on the sigma scale. The quality goal index (QGI) ratio was found (> 1.2) for only 2 parameters SGPT and SGOT (with sigma value <3) for both levels 1 and 2, indicating inaccuracy. Conclusion: Results of present study focuses on meticulous appraisal and execution of quality measures to improve sigma standards of all the analytical processes. Even though six sigma provides benefits over former approaches to quality assurance, it also opens newer challenges for laboratory practitioners. Therefore, sigma metric analysis provides a point of reference to design a protocol for IQC for the laboratory; address poor assess performance, and assess the existing laboratory process efficiency.
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Njeru, Carol. "Evaluation of Quality Control in Clinical Chemistry and Hematology Using Sigma Metrics." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 152, Supplement_1 (September 11, 2019): S80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz116.001.
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Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical chemistry and hematology laboratory performance using six sigma metrics. Methods Clinical chemistry data and hematology data were analyzed from Bungoma Referral Hospital. Five parameters from renal and liver function tests were studied over a period of 6 months (December 2016 to May 2017). Data from IQC and EQA participation were used. The analytes were plasma creatinine, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), total serum protein, and total and direct bilirubin. Hematology parameters, namely white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels, were studied. Data from IQC and EQA participation were used. Sigma metrics was calculated using total allowable error as per CLIA recommendations. Bias was calculated from HUQAS EQA participation while coefficient of variation was calculated from IQC data collected during the abovementioned months. Results Clinical chemistry had sigma metrics below 3; the highest sigma value was 2.01 while the lowest sigma value was 0.85. Hematological parameters had sigma levels above 3. The highest sigma value was 7.21 while the lowest sigma value was 3.87. Only one level of sigma was below 4. Conclusion Clinical chemistry analytes had sigma levels less than 3; method performance improvement with stringent internal quality control and correct setting of control limits need to be applied. Application of sigma metrics in addition to daily internal quality control can identify analytical deficits and improvement in clinical laboratories. Most hematological parameters had sigma levels above 3. The highest sigma value was 7.21 while the lowest sigma value was 3.87. Only one level of sigma was below 4.
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Utami, Puspita Ayu, Mustafid Mustafid, and Tatik Widiharih. "PENGENDAIAN MULTIVARIATE DENGAN DIGRAM KONTROL MEWMA ENGGUNAKAN METODE SIX SIGMA (STUDI KASUS PT FUMIRA SEMARANG TAHUN 2019)." Jurnal Gaussian 9, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/j.gauss.v9i1.27527.
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As one of the biggest corrugation producing industries, PT Fumira Semarang is always required to fulfill customer needs by continuously improving their quality. Galvanized Steel is the raw material for the production of corrugation at PT Fumira Semarang. There are three important quality characteristics to be controlled in order that the results of galvanized steel production fit the standards to be manufactured as corrugation are waves, rust, and scratches. Six Sigma is a method for controlling quality. Six Sigma has focus on reducing defects, by standard 3,4 defects per one million opportunties. This research aims to identify the galvanized steel production process using Six Sigma method with MEWMA control chart and the capability of the process to fit the standards. Multivariate Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (MEWMA) control chart is a tool used to control multivariate process averages. The result of this research are MEWMA control chart with lambda 0.7 shows that the process is controlled statistically and The Sigma value for waves is 2,33, for rust 2,05, and for scratches 2,64. And the research reveals the galvanized steel production process has not fit to the standard because the process capabilty index is 0,2805. Keywords: Galvanized Steel, Quality Control, Six Sigma, Multivariate Exponentially Weighted Moving Average, Process Capability Analysis
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Chiarini, Andrea. "Japanese total quality control, TQM, Deming's system of profound knowledge, BPR, Lean and Six Sigma." International Journal of Lean Six Sigma 2, no. 4 (November 22, 2011): 332–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20401461111189425.
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Nar, Rukiye, and Dilek Iren Emekli. "The Evaluation of Analytical Performance of Immunoassay Tests by Using Six-Sigma Method." Journal of Medical Biochemistry 36, no. 4 (August 28, 2017): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jomb-2017-0026.
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SummaryBackground: The Six-Sigma Methodology is a quality measurement method in order to evaluate the performance of the laboratory. In the present study, it is aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of our laboratory by using the internal quality control data of immunoassay tests and by calculating process sigma values. Methods: Biological variation database (BVD) are used for Total Allowable Error (TEa). Sigma values were determined from coefficient of variation (CV) and bias resulting from Internal Quality Control (IQC) results for 3 subsequent months. If the sigma values are ≥6, between 3 and 6, and <3, they are classified as »world-class«, »good« or »un - acceptable«, respectively. Results: A sigma value >6 was found for TPSA and TSH for the both levels of IQC for 3 months. When the sigma values were analyzed by calculating the mean of 3 months, folate, LH, PRL, TPSA, TSH and vitamin B12 were found >6. The mean sigma values of CA125, CA15-3, CA19-9, CEA, cortisol, ferritin, FSH, FT3, PTH and testosteron were >3 for 3-months. However, AFP, CA125 and FT4 produced sigma values <3 for varied months. Conclusion: When the analytical performance was evaluated according to Six-Sigma levels, it was generally found as good. It is possible to determine the test with high error probability by evaluating the fine sigma levels and the tests that must be quarded by a stringent quality control regime. In clinical chemistry laboratories, an appropriate quality control scheduling should be done for each test by using Six-Sigma Methodology.
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Yen, Kai Hsiang, Ming Lung Lin, and Carl Wang. "Application of Lean Six Sigma to Develop a High Precision Relative Humidity Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.597.
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A relatively inexpensive and highly effective design for high precision chamber was developed but the control theory and optimized parameters were totally different from traditional methodologies. Among all kinds of quality programs, lean six sigma (LSS) is the most famous and widely-used method by manufacturing and service industries. The DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) methodology was used to figure out the key factors relative to high precision of relative humidity and improve the control parameters to meet the target. At the start, the baseline of Z bench was-0.24 and standard deviation was 1.62659. After lean six sigma project implemented, Z bench was up to 1.89 and standard deviation was down to 0.443986. This paper will address the critical process and analysis method for lean six sigma project, especially those for precise control of relative humidity.
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Cahya, Handy Nur. "Six Sigma Analysis as an Approach to Improve Quality of Corrugated Zinc Sheet Product." Jurnal Penelitian Ekonomi dan Bisnis 6, no. 2 (September 16, 2021): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jpeb.v6i2.4638.
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Every manufacturing company will strive to create the best quality products. This is also done by PT. CMSM, a steel company, is producing corrugated zinc products. In several production periods, the defective product values were still found that exceeded the tolerance limit value set at 0.5% in corrugated zinc products. These problems are, of course, very detrimental to the company, so it’s essential to control the quality of corrugated zinc products. This study aimed to determine the factors that cause product defects, propose plans to improve product quality, and provide managerial recommendations based on Six Sigma analysis. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the study results, it is known that DPO is 0.000885 and DPMO is 884.6028. At this time, the company is at the level of 4.64 sigma with CTQ (Critical to Quality) folded zinc sheet, cut size is not according to standard, thickness is not according to standard, uneven coating layer and perforated zinc sheet. Based on the analysis, five factors cause product defects: humans, machines, methods, materials, and the environment. To improve quality, the company should improve their quality control through 5W + 1H analysis, namely by providing training to employees, periodic machine maintenance and ensuring that the SOPs that have been made are implemented correctly and adequately. Keywords: six sigma, DMAIC, product defect, quality control, manufacturing
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Cooper, Douglas, Jan Babcock, and Frances DiPietro. "Application of Six Sigma Statistical Quality Control to Monitoring the Deposition of Contaminating Particles." Journal of the IEST 35, no. 5 (September 1, 1992): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.2.35.5.0l4h7252r433k368.
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The goal of this work was to help in the control of particle deposition in manufacturing cleanrooms by the application of statistical quality control methods, specifically for the Class 1 cleanroom at the Semiconductor Research and Development Center at IBM East Fishkill. Each week a set of silicon wafers was inspected and the number of particles present were recorded ("precount"). The wafers were then put in various locations throughout the cleanroom. The wafers were left exposed to cleanroom air for one week, and then the number of particles were determined again. The quality control approach was the "Six Sigma" system developed originally by Motorola, Inc. In another paper, we described how these measurements were put into a Six Sigma framework: upper specification limit, target level, and estimates of the standard deviations.1 Here, we present results from 30 weeks of measurements and discuss the choice of assumed measurement distribution function (for example, the normal versus the lognormal distribution). Some locations had lognormal count frequency distributions. Others had count distributions with normal distribution components or with unclassified distribution components. Values of skewness and kurtosis were almost all greater than what would be expected from a normal distribution. In particular, this means that larger percentages were outside the limits μ±κs than would be true for a normal distribution, so that predictions of percentages of nonconforming instances would be erroneously low if the normal distribution were assumed.
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Wu, Jian Jun, and Yi Zhen Wang. "Applying Life Cycle Six Sigma in Tolerance Design Methodology." Advanced Materials Research 443-444 (January 2012): 881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.443-444.881.
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Setting of tolerances to meet a required specification of quality characteristic and keep low manufacturing cost is one of common problems in the process quality control. But generally traditional tolerance design only focus on cost of manufacturing, few consider product Life Cycle Cost. In these situations, to obtain a satisfactory six sigma quality level as well as keep lower life cycle total cost should be considered. This paper expands tolerance optimization based on the manufacturing cost to the product life cycle cost, which can improve product quality to the six sigma level and keep lower LCC simultaneously.
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Costa, Ana Rita, Carla Barbosa, Gilberto Santos, and M. RUi Alves. "Six Sigma: Main Metrics and R Based Software for Training Purposes and Practical Industrial Quality Control." Quality Innovation Prosperity 23, no. 2 (July 31, 2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/qip.v23i2.1278.
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<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> To clarify the different types of data likely to occur in any service or industrial process, the main applicable statistics for each type of data and the Six Sigma metrics that allow characterising and benchmarking organisational processes.</p><p><strong>Methodology/Approach:</strong> A short reference to the statistical process control is carried out, from Shewhart’s works to Motorola’s achievements, followed by a short discussion of the use of Six Sigma tools as a part of today’s total quality approaches, and by a discussion of the continuous, attribute and counting data worlds and their main applications in process analysis. Because many quality professionals may have difficulties dealing with engineering perspectives, a review of main classic and Six Sigma process metrics is done with examples. Complementing discussions, four functions written in the R language are presented, which can deal with real organisational data, or can be used for training purposes.</p><p><strong>Findings:</strong> The functions developed provide useful graphical displays and calculate all necessary metrics, having the ability to let the user provide theoretical values for training activities. Real and simulated case studies help understanding data worlds and respective Six Sigma metrics.</p><p><strong>Research Limitation/implication:</strong> This paper reports an intentionally simple theoretical perspective of Six Sigma metrics and friendly software which is available to all interested professionals on request to the authors.</p><strong>Originality/Value of paper:</strong> The paper presents clear definitions of main data types and metrics and is supported by a set of four new functions that can be used by any researcher with a minimum knowledge of the R software.
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Sukwadi, Ronald, Leonardus Harijanto, M. M. Wahyuni Inderawati, and Po Tsang B. Huang. "Reduction in Rejection Rate of Soy Sauce Packaging via Six Sigma." Jurnal Teknik Industri 22, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jtiumm.vol22.no1.57-70.
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The Six Sigma methodology is the most powerful quality improvement technique. This research deals with applying the Six Sigma methodology in reducing the rejection rate of soy sauce packaging in food production. The DMAIC methodology of Six Sigma provides a step-by-step quality improvement methodology in which statistical techniques are applied. The leakage and cutting error problems were identified in the Define phase. The extent of the problem was measured in the Measure phase. The current DPMO value was 5,794.39, or sigma level at 4.0245. The root cause of the problem and the improvement priority were identified in the Analyze phase by applying the fishbone diagram and FMEA. The design of new Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and preventive maintenance schedule were used in the Improve phase to increase the sigma level by 50-60 percent and decrease DPMO by 99 percent for the upcoming four months implementation. Furthermore, a control plan was provided in the Control phase to monitor and sustain the achieved improvements.
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Júnior, Walther Azzolini, Rafael Francisco Campos Pianno, and Jorge Alberto Achcar. "Control of the variability of the biofuel packaging process through the six sigma methodology: a case study." Independent Journal of Management & Production 11, no. 6 (October 1, 2020): 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v11i6.1153.
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The present work carried out the control of the variability in the biodiesel packaging through the application of the steps of the DMAIC (Define Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) of the Six Sigma quality program. The DMAIC method brings together a set of statistical and quality tools for the study of process variability. Prior to the project, in the period evaluated between June and October of the year 2017 the average monthly variation of loss was 387.7 liters with a standard deviation of 421.9 liters. After the implementation of the improvements between January and March of the year 2018, the average monthly variation was -3.187 liters with a standard deviation of 60.95 liters. This evolution in the control and reduction of losses in the container of biodiesel was possible through the actions of improvements and involvement of the people of the billing and shipping. After all the improvements implemented, the maintenance and continuity of the controls met two important requirements of the Six Sigma quality program: customer focus and financial impact.
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Kumar, B. Vinodh, and Thuthi Mohan. "Sigma metrics as a tool for evaluating the performance of internal quality control in a clinical chemistry laboratory." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 10, no. 02 (April 2018): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jlp.jlp_102_17.
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Abstract OBJECTIVE: Six Sigma is one of the most popular quality management system tools employed for process improvement. The Six Sigma methods are usually applied when the outcome of the process can be measured. This study was done to assess the performance of individual biochemical parameters on a Sigma Scale by calculating the sigma metrics for individual parameters and to follow the Westgard guidelines for appropriate Westgard rules and levels of internal quality control (IQC) that needs to be processed to improve target analyte performance based on the sigma metrics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study, and data required for the study were extracted between July 2015 and June 2016 from a Secondary Care Government Hospital, Chennai. The data obtained for the study are IQC - coefficient of variation percentage and External Quality Assurance Scheme (EQAS) - Bias% for 16 biochemical parameters. RESULTS: For the level 1 IQC, four analytes (alkaline phosphatase, magnesium, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) showed an ideal performance of ≥6 sigma level, five analytes (urea, total bilirubin, albumin, cholesterol, and potassium) showed an average performance of <3 sigma level and for level 2 IQCs, same four analytes of level 1 showed a performance of ≥6 sigma level, and four analytes (urea, albumin, cholesterol, and potassium) showed an average performance of <3 sigma level. For all analytes <6 sigma level, the quality goal index (QGI) was <0.8 indicating the area requiring improvement to be imprecision except cholesterol whose QGI >1.2 indicated inaccuracy. CONCLUSION: This study shows that sigma metrics is a good quality tool to assess the analytical performance of a clinical chemistry laboratory. Thus, sigma metric analysis provides a benchmark for the laboratory to design a protocol for IQC, address poor assay performance, and assess the efficiency of existing laboratory processes.
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Rooke, J. A., M. Ewen, G. J. McCallum, R. G. Watt, and T. G. McEvoy. "164 EFFECT OF ACCUMULATION OF LIPIDS DURING IN VITRO CULTURE ON BOVINE BLASTOCYST YIELD AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab164.
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Previous research has shown that increased embryo lipid content, through culture in the presence of serum, is associated with reduced blastocyst yield and quality; provision of antioxidants ameliorates the effects of lipid accumulation (McEvoy et al. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 16, 200). The present study extended these observations to assessment of fetal development from blastocysts which had accumulated lipid in vitro. Bovine oocytes, aspirated from abattoir-derived ovaries, were matured and fertilized using standard procedures. Cleaved zygotes were assigned to culture (5% CO2; 5% O2; 90% N2; 38.5°C) in four treatments: (1) synthetic oviductal fluid containing 0.3% bovine serum albumin and amino acids (SOF); (2) SOF plus supplementary bovine lipoproteins (2%, SOFLP); (3) SOF plus the antioxidant Trolox® (100 μM; 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid, Sigma-Aldrich Co., Inc., Irvine, UK; SOFT); and (4) SOF plus lipoproteins and Trolox (SOFLPT). Blastocysts were synchronously transferred to recipient cattle (day 7; 23/treatment) together with a control group (n = 21) of artificially inseminated (AI) cattle. Reproductive tracts were recovered on Day 70 and fetal total and organ weights recorded. Data were analyzed by ANOVA (with fetal sex as covariate) and chi-square analyses. Culture in the presence of lipoproteins increased blastocyst total fatty acids (mean ± SD) from 98 ± 9.7 to 124 ± 7.3 ng/blastocyst. Blastocyst yields (%; 23 batches of ovaries) were reduced (P = 0.002) by inclusion of lipoproteins in culture (SOF, 22.0 ± 8.20; SOFLP, 16.4 ± 8.57; SOFT, 22.8 ± 9.03; SOFLPT, 24.2 ± 7.30) unless Trolox was present. Blastocyst grade was poorer (P < 0.001) after culture in the presence of lipoproteins irrespective of the presence of Trolox (SOF, 2.4 ± 0.43; SOFLP, 2.6 ± 0.45; SOFT, 2.4 ± 0.47; SOFLPT, 2.6 ± 0.40). Pregnancy rates (Day 70) were greater (P < 0.001) for AI (91%) than culture (26%) but were not affected by culture treatment. Although there were no differences in fetal weights between AI and IVC fetuses, SOFLP fetuses (Table 1) were lighter, had smaller relative liver weights, and had greater crown-rump length-to-weight ratios than other IVC fetuses. Therefore, IVC in conditions that increased blastocyst lipid content without adequate antioxidant protection reduced blastocyst yield and influenced fetal development. Table 1. Fetal weights (g) and relative liver weights (g/kg) and crown-rump lengths (CRL, mm/g) at day 70 SAC receives financial support from SEERAD.
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Kusuma Dewi, Shanty. "MINIMASI DEFECT PRODUK DENGAN KONSEP SIX SIGMA." Jurnal Teknik Industri 13, no. 1 (March 29, 2012): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jti.v13i1.639.
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Company can be competitive in industry with giving a product which pursuit with the specification and have no defect,in order to produce product which have good and uniform quality existed variance had to be minimized. Six Sigma was a total approach to solve problems and increase process through DMAIC phase (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control). Measure phase with Pareto diagram of defect cone polyester 30, it was found that percentage of cone defect polyester 30 were: lapping, swelled, stitch, pattern, wrinkles, and ribbon and in the measure phase, it was known that sigma value equal to 3,05. Analyze phase used cause and effect diagram to analyze causes of a problem in detail. Improve phase used potential failure mode effect and analysis (PFMEA). In control phase statistical process control (SPC) was used, attribut data np control chart. The result of research were reducing DPMO to 29,87% and increasing value of sigma to 3.8 after the application of Six Sigma.
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Kusuma Dewi, Shanty. "MINIMASI DEFECT PRODUK DENGAN KONSEP SIX SIGMA." Jurnal Teknik Industri 13, no. 1 (March 29, 2012): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jtiumm.vol13.no1.43-50.
Full textAbstract:
Company can be competitive in industry with giving a product which pursuit with the specification and have no defect,in order to produce product which have good and uniform quality existed variance had to be minimized. Six Sigma was a total approach to solve problems and increase process through DMAIC phase (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control). Measure phase with Pareto diagram of defect cone polyester 30, it was found that percentage of cone defect polyester 30 were: lapping, swelled, stitch, pattern, wrinkles, and ribbon and in the measure phase, it was known that sigma value equal to 3,05. Analyze phase used cause and effect diagram to analyze causes of a problem in detail. Improve phase used potential failure mode effect and analysis (PFMEA). In control phase statistical process control (SPC) was used, attribut data np control chart. The result of research were reducing DPMO to 29,87% and increasing value of sigma to 3.8 after the application of Six Sigma.
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Nugroho, Adi, and Lien Herliani Kusumah. "Analisis Pelaksanaan Quality Control untuk Mengurangi Defect Produk di Perusahaan Pengolahan Daging Sapi Wagyu dengan Pendekatan Six Sigma." Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi 20, no. 1 (2021): 56–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2021.20.1.4.
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Abstract. The industrial competition requires companies to produce high-quality products, but the phenomenon is that companies still produce products that do not meet specifications and are returned by customers. This is the basis for conducting research aimed at analyzing the implementation of quality control, knowing the main defects of the product, and making improvements to reduce or eliminate problems during the production process using the Six Sigma approach with steps: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control. The research sample is the result of the final product inspection in April - September 2019. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Quality control has been carried out but not maximally, with the root causes of the main defects being method, material, and machine. CTO in this research are: foreign body contamination, leak packaging, product temperature exceeds the standard, over drip, and thick fat. After improving, there was an increase in sigma level from 3.48 (performance baseline) to 3.83. Control is carried out to maintain consistency of corrective actions by regular briefings to operators, increasing GMP training, 5S, and product knowledge, standardizing SOP changes, adding necessary tools, and controlling preventive maintenance implementation. Keywords: Quality control, six sigma, wagyu, defect product, DMAIC
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Mu, Guang Yu, Feng Wang, and Xiao Zhen Mi. "Application of Six Sigma DMAIC Methodology in Welding Assembly Quality Improvement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 395-396 (September 2013): 1099–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.395-396.1099.
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During the welding assembly process of automotive exhaust system, several welding defects will occur if the process parameters are incorrect, which affects the quality of products seriously. Six Sigma quality management is an advanced methodology for reducing the manufacturing costs, shortening the production cycle, and improving the product quality significantly. In this paper, the Six Sigma DMAIC method is applied to control the welding assembly process of automobile exhaust system. It is observed that the biting edge and stomata are the two main weld defects accounting about 85% of the total number of defects. In order to reduce the number of biting edge, causal diagram is used for analyzing the factors influencing the welding process. After the experiment, it is convinced that the process parameters of welding torch angle, welding speed and argon flow are the key factors affecting the biting edge significantly. Then, the optimum process parameters are determined by means of the DOE method, and the control chart is adopted to monitor the effect of process improvement. The results show that defects per million opportunities (DPMO) of biting edge could be controlled less than 1500 which is better than the target number of 5000. It is also proved that the Six Sigma DMAIC methodology is efficiently. Therefore, the stomata defects are reduced in the same way, the level of product quality is raised from 3.55σ to 4.52σ, and the competitiveness of the enterprise would be enhanced greatly.
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Loganina, V. "RELIABILITY OF QUALITY CONTROL OF BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 5, no. 12 (January 8, 2021): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2020-5-12-17-21.
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The article deals with the issues of reliability of quality control of building materials and products. The structural diagram of the reliability of control of building materials is presented as a combination of series-connected technological operations. The purpose of the work is to assess the regulatory security of quality control of the production of building materials and products. The block diagram of quality control of concrete blocks for basement walls is presented. On the example of concrete blocks for basement walls, an assessment of the normative provision of product quality indicators is given. It has been established that the quality assurance of concrete blocks for FBS basement walls if all production parameters and quality indicators meet the requirements of regulatory documents and the condition: the mathematical expectation is in the middle of the product tolerance field and ± 3σ in the tolerance field is 0.9576, and the probability the appearance of marriage - 4.238%. The influence of the spread of indicators on the quality assurance is considered. It is found that with an increase in the value of the standard deviation to a value that is within the tolerance range of ± 2.5σ, the quality assurance decreases and amounts to 0,8092, and the probability of the appearance of defects is 19.08 %. It is shown that the application of the Six Sigma methodology at the enterprise will contribute to improving the quality of products
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Husada, Syafril Widya, Handriyono Handriyono, and Intan Nurul Awwaliyah. "SIX SIGMA DMAIC APPLICATION ON SMALL BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY ON INDONESIAN’S TOBACCO COMPANY." Emerging Markets : Business and Management Studies Journal 7, no. 2 (July 6, 2020): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/ijembm.v7i2.119.
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This study is aimed to examine the company's production performance in the quality control department by implementing the Six Sigma DMAIC Method. Research is conducted on small tobacco business namely CV SUUD for its specific cigarette product called SKM 88 Golden Taste. The cigarette production data are collected for the period of March 22, 2019 to April 22, 2019 while the data are then analyzed using Six Sigma DMAIC Method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control). Using the descriptive method, the results show that the SKM 88 Golden Taste cigarettes produced during the period of observation contains defect such as deflated, porous, and non-sticky glue. The production performance of SKM 88 Golden Taste cigarettes in the research period is at the level of 11.353 Defects per Million Opportunities (DPMO) or equivalent to 3,78 Sigma. This finding indicates that CV SUUD lost its revenue by 25% to 40% cause by the defect in the production which is important for small company like CV SUUD to improve its quality control by refining its standard procedure as suggested by the Six Sigma evaluation.
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Setiawati, Ketut Lilis, I. Ketut Satriawan, and I. Wayan Gede Sedana Yoga. "Analisis Pengendalian Kualitas menggunakan Metode Six Sigma pada Produk Roti Tawar di PT. Ital Fran’s Multindo Food Industries Cabang Bali." JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI 8, no. 4 (December 26, 2020): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jrma.2020.v08.i04.p12.
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The purpose of this study were to determine the factors of damage, to analysis of damage is still within control limits and to establish efforts to repair damaged bread products at PT. Ital Fran's Multindo Food Industries. Data analysis used the six-sigma method, with the stages of Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve (DMAI). The results of this study are the factors that cause product damage come from human factors, production machines, work methods and materials / raw materials. Damage to white bread products at PT. Ital Fran's Multindo Food Industries is in control limits or has good process capabilities. The average Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO) value was 3107.3874 and the average sigma value was 4.24, including sigma level 6. Proposed improvements that can be done to overcome damage to plain bread products, namely making Standard Operating Procedures for laying bread from the pan to the conveyor, monitoring and checking employee performance, making Standard Operating Procedures regarding the right temperature and standard time for removing bread, making Operational Standards Procedures regarding cleanliness in the production area and worker hygiene, carry out maintenance and cleaning of tools and machines on a regular basis.
Keywords : quality control, six sigma, white bread
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Koesdijati, Titik. "APPROACH OF SIX SIGMA METHOD TO CONTROL THE QUALITY OF WET MIX PRODUCTS IN THE CREAM MAKING PROCESS." Tibuana 2, no. 02 (July 31, 2019): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/tibuana.2.02.1934.50-57.
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One of the process making a creamer is the process of mixing liquid glucose, oil, emulsion powder and water that produces liquid creamer (wet mix / liquid mix). The wet mix results often not match with the standard which can affect the results in the next process. This is the purpose of company to make improvements in controlling wet mix in order to decrease the number of wet mix failure produced. The method used in this research was DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control). Previous data processing was using Seven Tools, with 3 of 7 tools which are the observation sheet (check sheet), pareto diagram, and fishbone diagram. Through data processing and analysis using DMAIC obtained 3 types of failure of semi-finished products (wet mix) which was wet mix as much as 38.8889%, wet mix gross as much as 36.1111%, and wet mix browning 25,0000% and obtained sigma value at Level 3.87. Define is the stage of defining quality problems, and defined the cause. Measure is the stage of measuring the failure rate of the product. Analyze is the stage of quality improvement by analyzing factors causing product failure. Improve is an action plan to improve quality by eliminating factors causing product failure. Control is the last stage of the Six Sigma project that emphasizes the documentation and dissemination of actions that have been done.
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Sharma, Lokesh Kumar, Rashmi Rasi Datta, and Neera Sharma. "Sigma Metric Evaluation of Drugs in a Clinical Laboratory: Importance of Choosing Appropriate Total Allowable Error and a Troubleshooting Roadmap." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 13, no. 01 (March 2021): 044–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1726572.
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Abstract Objectives Stringent quality control is an essential requisite of diagnostic laboratories to deliver consistent results. Measures used to assess the performance of a clinical chemistry laboratory are internal quality control and external quality assurance scheme (EQAS). However, the number of errors cannot be measured by the above but can be quantified by sigma metrics. The sigma scale varies from 0 to 6 with “6” being the ideal goal, which is calculated by using total allowable error (TEa), bias, and precision. However, there is no proper consensus for setting a TEa goal, and influence of this limiting factor during routine laboratory practice and sigma calculation has not been adequately determined. The study evaluates the impact of the choice of TEa value on sigma score derivation and also describes a detailed structured approach (followed by the study laboratory) to determine the potential causes of errors causing poor sigma score. Materials and Methods The study was conducted at a clinical biochemistry laboratory of a central government tertiary care hospital. Internal and external quality control data were evaluated for a period of 5 months from October 2019 to February 2020. Three drugs (carbamazepine, phenytoin, and valproate) were evaluated on the sigma scale using two different TEa values to determine significant difference, if any. Statistical Analysis Bias was calculated using the following formula: Bias% = (laboratory EQAS result − peer group mean) × 100 / peer group mean Peer group mean sigma metric was calculated using the standard equation: Sigma value = TEa − bias / coefficient of variation (CV)%. Results Impressive sigma scores (> 3 sigma) for two out of three drugs were obtained with TEa value 25, while with TEa value 15, sigma score was distinctly dissimilar and warranted root cause analysis and corrective action plans to be implemented for both valproate and carbamazepine. Conclusions The current study evidently recognizes that distinctly different sigma values can be obtained, depending on the TEa values selected, and using the same bias and precision values in the sigma equation. The laboratories should thereby choose appropriate TEa goals and make judicious use of sigma metric as a quality improvement tool.
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Yassin, Amal. "The Comprehensive Quality in Health Services by Using Six Sigma." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 9 (September 30, 2019): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss9.1708.
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Abstract
The study aimed to know the overall quality of the concept and its importance in providing high-quality health services and the availability of the key factors in the application and services and to take administrative factors, technical and human and financial, which may contribute to the raise if directed properly and have an adult in improving the quality of health services impact.
Based on the nature of the study and the objectives it seeks, the analytical descriptive approach was used. It was based on the study of the phenomenon as it exists in reality and it is treated as a precise description and expressed in qualitative and quantitative terms.
To analyze the analytical aspects of the research subject and then collect the initial data through the questionnaire as a main tool for research, designed specifically for this purpose, and distributed to government hospitals in Khartoum State, and included the study community department managers and patients in government hospitals in Khartoum state.
A random sample was collected (300) department managers and patients from the Khartoum government hospitals. Each individual has the opportunity to be a member of the study sample during the year 2016.
The study concluded with a number of results, the most important of which is that the hospital management has the material potential (furniture, equipment, ...) to use the Six Sigma curriculum with an intermediate degree. The hospital management is ready to use the Six Sigma curriculum to a high degree. Six Sigma In the middle level, the hospital management is keen to train the heads of departments to form teams for the process of continuous improvement to a high degree, the hospital administration is continuously improving the purpose of reducing the deviations and errors that occur, the hospital management is ready to provide an information system Its data continuously At, there is the management of the hospital readiness to provide direct contact with an intermediate degree of quality coaches tuning software system.
The study presented a number of recommendations, the most important of which is linking the promotion system in the public hospitals in Khartoum state with the quality control program, paying attention to the overall quality and stressing the possibility of using it in hospitals in Khartoum State because of its scientific and practical importance and improving the quality of the services and the operations provided.
Keywords: total quality management, health services, competitiveness, sigma six
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Chyon, BSc, Fuad Ahmed, Md Sazol Ahmmed, BSc, Md Karimul Alim Shuvo, BSc, Md Nazmul Hasan Suman, BSc, and Md Mosharraf Hossain, PhD. "Measuring Process Capability in a Hospital by Using Lean Six Sigma Tools—A Case Study in Bangladesh." Global Advances in Health and Medicine 9 (January 2020): 216495612096244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2164956120962441.
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Bangladesh’s government had been constantly conscious of its health-care system. As a result, the health-care system had seen a significant rise in quality in the past few years. The Lean Six Sigma concept is used to boost up the productivity as well as the quality of products or services. The purpose of this article was to measure the process capability in the health-care system by lean tools. In this study, we selected the dialysis unit as our investigation area where we applied the Six Sigma DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, and Control) model which had been structured step by step, respectively. Furthermore, different tools of Total Quality Management, Statistical Quality Control and Lean manufacturing like SIPOC (Supplier, Input, Process, Output, and Customer) diagram, P Control chart, Fishbone diagram, and Pareto analysis had been performed in different phases of the DMAIC model. Measuring process capability using the DMAIC model helped to identify the problems associated with the dialysis unit and also recommendations were developed based on investigation and analysis. These recommendations will help the hospital management to overcome all problems and increase service rate and patient safety in the dialysis unit.
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Oprea, Oana Roxana, Adina Hutanu, Oana Pavelea, David Robert Kodori, and Minodora Dobreanu. "Quality Control Strategy for Automated CBC: A Laboratory Point of View Deducted from an Internal Study Organised in an Emergency Laboratory." Revista Romana de Medicina de Laborator 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rrlm-2020-0012.
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AbstractIntroduction: The aim of this study was to determine the performance of the total testing process of complete blood count (CBC) on two different instruments in an emergency setting of a county hospital, and to design an appropriate internal quality control plan.Materials and method: Two models of Statistical Quality Control (SQC) were evaluated on Sysmex XT-1800i and Cell-Dyne Ruby: 3 levels of commercial blood every 8 hours (N=9) and an alternative model using 3 levels every 12 hours (N=6) as shift changes. Total Error (TE) was calculated using the formula: TE=Bias%+1.65xCV%; Sigma score was calculated using the formula: Sigma=[(TEa%–Bias%]/CV%. Values for coefficient of variation (CV%) and standard deviation (SD) were obtained from laboratory data and Bias% from proficiency testing. For the pre-analytical phase Sigma score was calculated, while for post-analytical phase the turnaround time (TAT) was assessed.Results: TE for all directly measured parameters, for both instruments, had lower values than Total Error allowable (TEa). CV% for almost all parameters had lower values than CV% derived from biological variation except for platelets (PLT) at low level on Sysmex XT-1800i and red blood cells (RBC) on Cell-Dyne Ruby. Sigma score ranged from as low as 2 to 10. Sigma score for pre-analytical phase was 4.2 and turnaround time was 36 minutes on average.Conclusions: Given the performances of the total testing process implemented for CBC in our laboratory, performing the internal control after every 50 samples/batch seems to fulfill both the Health Ministry Order (HMO) 1301/2007 and International Organization for Standardization ISO 15189:2013 recommendation. All quality instruments must work together to assure better patient results and every laboratory should design its own control plan that is appropriate for better quality achievement.
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Lameijer, Bart A., Ronald J. M. M. Does, and Jeroen De Mast. "Inter-industry generic Lean Six Sigma project definitions." International Journal of Lean Six Sigma 7, no. 4 (October 10, 2016): 369–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlss-11-2015-0044.
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Purpose The objective of this research is to provide practitioners with inter-industry applicable rules and guidelines for the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) project definition phase. This research resulted in 13 inter-industry generic project definitions that are divided by four performance dimensions: quality, dependability, speed and cost efficiency. Design/methodology/approach A total of 312 previously executed LSS improvement projects in a broad variety of industries at black belt or master black belt level are analyzed. All these projects have followed the LSS methodology and are characterized by the use of critical to quality (CTQ) measurements and the structured improvement method of define, measure, analyse, improve and control for operations improvement. Findings This research resulted in 13 inter-industry generic project definitions that are divided by four performance dimensions: quality, dependability, speed and cost efficiency. Three factors that have stood out in this research are; the difficulty to capture the performance dimension flexibility in LSS project definitions, the strong focus on internal organizational benefits in defining CTQs for LSS project definitions and the unclear alignment of LSS project definitions to existing strategic objectives of the company. Originality/value This research established useable generic LSS project definitions including generic CTQ’s measures, applicable to multiple industries. These generic LSS project definitions provide useful guidance in the initial LSS project phase, helping to decompose strategic focal points into clear and measurable project objectives.
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Monteiro de Carvalho, Marly, Linda Lee Ho, and Silvia Helena Boarin Pinto. "The Six Sigma program: an empirical study of Brazilian companies." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 25, no. 5 (May 27, 2014): 602–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-04-2012-0045.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the status of Six Sigma's status in Brazilian companies and understand the integration of this program with other quality management approaches. Additionally, the critical success factors (CSFs) for Six Sigma implementation and primary Six Sigma program characteristics were identified. Finally, the results of the used of Six Sigma were analysed. Design/methodology/approach – An extensive literature review illustrates the primary Six Sigma characteristics and its relationship with other quality approaches. The research methodology encompasses survey development and statistical analyses. Questionnaires are distributed to 1,000 large firms in the manufacturing and service industries in Brazil. Altogether, a total of 198 firms, of which 46 companies adopted the Six Sigma program, participated in this study. Findings – The results suggest a synergic and incremental pattern of quality model implementation. The study reveals that companies that have adopted Six Sigma have a long history of implementing quality programs, which suggests a certain level of quality maturity. The studied companies perceive in Six Sigma an incremental evolution, which can be combined with earlier initiatives and provides strong synergy with ISO 9000. The findings of this study confirm the distinctive Six Sigma role structure suggested by several authors. However, three possible configurations of the role structure were found that differ in terms of training and the dedication of human resources involved in the Six Sigma program. Research limitations/implications – This study demonstrates the inherent limits of the research method adopted, the use of a non-probabilistic sample and a reliance on self-reported perceptions, which introduces bias to the analysis. Practical implications – Important managerial implications of this study are related to the Six Sigma structure adopted. The capillarity of the program in the organisation as a whole can be related to the type of role structure configuration adopted. This structure can have an impact in terms of both numbers and employees’ and managers’ degree of involvement, as well as the type of training and resources provided. Originality/value – The diffusion of Six Sigma in Brazilian companies is less widespread than in other countries. Three possible configurations of the role structure were found that differ in terms of the training and dedication of human resources entailed by the Six Sigma program. Three CSFs factors were identified: organisation, infrastructure and human resources.
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Ahammed, Rubel, and Md Zahid Hasan. "Humming noise reduction of ceiling fan in the mass production applying DMAIC-six sigma approach." World Journal of Engineering 18, no. 1 (November 11, 2020): 106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-07-2020-0329.
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Purpose Success and business reputation depend upon the quality of products where product quality depends upon the capability of a process, yield value and sigma score, etc. Poor quality of ceiling fan and mass rejection from quality check resulted in an alarming amount of cost for rework. As a result, the fulfillment of the production target was getting difficult day by day. The main purpose of this research is to identify the crucial causes for humming noise of ceiling fans and control it to a tolerable level so that maximum quality can be achieved. Design/methodology/approach The poor quality of ceiling fans was determined from the Pareto analysis of the define, measure, analyze, improve and control model which was humming noise during running and further actions were undertaken regarding the reduction of the humming noise. Project charter was formed before initiating the measure phase to study the suppliers, inputs, processes, outputs and customers diagram with process parameters and existing noise data were collected from random samples to determine the rolled throughput yield (94.95% existing) and existing sigma score which value of 3.14 and also the poor value (1.05) of process potential index implied that the process condition was below standard (<1.33) and need to be improved badly. Then root causes analysis and relationship diagram was prepared to identify the possible causes and with the design of experiments and correlation analysis, it was clear that the air gap between the stator and rotor was the main culprit behind the humming noise. Findings The minimum value of air gap was determined from boxplot analysis which was 0.2 mm–0.225 mm and the corresponding mean, the minimum and maximum value of sound level in dB (37.5–40.3 dB) for 0.225 mm air gap with the watt consumption (83 w) from the hypothesis test for the corresponding air gap. Finally, the updated sigma score and process capability analysis were performed with control charts to show the comparison after applying the DMAIC-six sigma methodology. The final sigma score was 5.1 which indicates a significant improvement of the process with the capability of saving US$23,438/year caused by the poor quality of ceiling fans. Practical implications Only quantitative values of the causes behind the humming noise were possible to identify. Other trivial many causes elimination might improve the sigma score closer to 6.00. The final sigma score that was achieved from this research was sustainable. Originality/value A structural approach with proper data analysis and application of various tools to detect the actual cause behind the humming noise of ceiling fans with numerical value has not been found in any literature. This research study can be a valuable asset for ceiling fan mass producers.
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ÜLEN, Mesut, and Mustafa GÜLMEZ. "SIX SIGMA APPROACH TO IMPROVE SERVICE QUALITY AND A PRACTICE STUDY IN HOSPITALITY SECTOR." Business & Management Studies: An International Journal 8, no. 3 (September 25, 2020): 3150–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v8i3.1555.
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Six Sigma is one of the latest quality improvement initiatives that have gained popularity and recognition in many sectors worldwide. It is expected that Six Sigma approach will also be adopted in the tourism sector, ensuring high service quality. This study aimed at applying a Six Sigma model to improve the service process of a five-star hotel located in the city centre. A total of 357 samples with sufficient data quality were taken from 386 questionnaire forms presented to the hotel customers. The data obtained were analyzed with Six Sigma methods and tools. The five steps, which are the expansion of DMAIC methodology, consisting of define, measure, analyze, improve and control, were followed from among these methods. The current situation of the hotel was defined in the first phase; sigma level about the service quality was calculated in measuring phase; the measurements were interpreted, and proposed solutions for the problems regarding improvement activities were presented in the analyzing phase; and lastly, controls to be carried out to ensure the continuity of these improvements were explained. One of the aims of the study is to examine with the Servqual model, whether there is a difference between the quality of service expected and perceived by customers who purchase services from an accommodation facility. A questionnaire based on the Servqual model, which consists of tangibles, reliability, empathy, responsiveness and assurance dimensions, was designed and used as a data collection tool. According to the results obtained, it was found that the expectations of the customers regarding hotel services in general, could not be met. The sigma score of the hotel was calculated as 2,01. In the study, tangibles and reliability dimensions were found to be the lowest level of satisfaction among hotel customers.
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Karthi, S., S. Devadasan, K. Selvaraju, C. G. Sreenivasa, and N. M. Sivaram. "Transforming into a Lean Six Sigma Enterprise Through ISO 9001 Standard-Based Quality Management System." Journal of Enterprise Transformation 4, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 100–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19488289.2014.890981.
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Kumar, Pradeep. "Power Quality Investigation by Reduced Switching UPQC." European Journal of Electrical Engineering 22, no. 4-5 (October 30, 2020): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ejee.224-505.
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In this paper, nine switches UPQC topology with different control techniques have been depicted and compared their performances to accomplish clear inspection of the best control techniques. As conventional UPQC having twelve switches of six legs enhances the switching losses, circuit complication, costly etc. Hence nine switches UPQC topology is intended to reduce the switching losses, complexity, size and cost. This proposed topology has only three legs with three switches in each leg making total number of nine switches. The three control techniques such as Unit vector template, PQ theory and Synchronous reference frame theory have been employed in the nine switch UPQC topology. The simulation has been carried out separately for each control technique in MATLAB/SIMPOWER environment and results have been verified for higher efficiency of nine switch UPQC topology. The comparative THD of source currents and load voltages under these control techniques have been analysed. The obtained THD values are below 5% as per IEEE-519 standard.
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Fuadi, Robiul. "USING SIX SIGMA TO EVALUATE ANALYTICAL PERFORMANCE OF HEMATOLOGY ANALYZER." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 25, no. 2 (April 13, 2019): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v25i2.1375.
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Background: Many medical decisions in hospital are based on hematology examination results. We must be aware about their method performance. Sigma-metric is an excellent way to evaluate analytical performance quality. We will display the performance of our laboratory hematology analyzer, Cell Dyne Ruby, by sigma-metric analysis.Method: sigma analysis was calculated by a formula, sigma = (TEa – CV)/ Bias. Total Error Allowable (TEa) was specified by the CLIA proficiency testing criteria. The coefficien of variant (CV) and bias data were supplied from analyzer running three levels of control low (L), normal (N), and high (H) include following analytes: hemoglobin (Hb), Red Blood Cell count (RBC), Hematocrit (HCT), White Blood Cell count (WBC), and Platelet count (PLT).Results : Sigma value as follows Hb(L:4,33 N:6,68 H:2,62), RBC(L:3,43 N:3,84 H:3,46), HCT(L:2,52 N:1,73 H:2,27), WBC (L:7,14 N:8,44 H:6,38),and PLT (L:2,46 N:8,75 H:7,84). Average sigma value for all parameters were 4,75. Minimum sigma value for any business or manufacturing process was 3. More than 6 sigma value was world class performance.Conclusion: Hematology Analyzer Cell Dyne Ruby provides “Good” performance by sigma-metric.
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Ismail, Azimah, Saiful Bahri Mohamed, Hafizan Juahir, Mohd Ekhwan Toriman, Azlina Md. Kassim, Sharifuddin Md Zain, Wan Kamaruzaman Wan Ahmad, et al. "DMAIC Six Sigma Methodology in Petroleum Hydrocarbon Oil Classification." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.14 (July 25, 2018): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.14.16868.
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This research focuses on the use of the DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) as a Six Sigma approach in studying oil spill fingerprint of samples recovered from Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah (East Malaysia). The DMAIC approach in this study was used as a way to classify oil types based on data obtained from GC-FID and GC-MS measurements. The cause-effect diagram was used to define the factors leading to the failure of the oil spill fingerprinting based on inaccurate oil type clustering. Discriminant Analysis (DA) was also applied to quantify the root-cause of the failure. An Ishikawa diagram obtained in the analysis phase identifies the potential failure causal. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied and was successful in discriminating four clusters of oil types, namely diesel, heavy fuel oil (HFO), mixture oil lube and fuel oil (MOLFO) and waste oil (WO) with a total variance of 85.3%. In the control phase, the use of a Pareto chart indicated 100% cumulative percentage of oil type clustering with a 95% confidence level. The DMAIC approach to be effective in solving oil spill fingerprinting problems and results in quality improvement in the clustering of oil spills into the different hydrocarbon types.
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Monday, Lea M., Omid Yazdanpaneh, Caleb Sokolowski, Jane Chi, Ryan Kuhn, Kareem Bazzy, and Sorabh Dhar. "A Physician-Driven Quality Improvement Stewardship Intervention Using Lean Six Sigma Improves Patient Care for Community-Acquired Pneumonia." Global Journal on Quality and Safety in Healthcare 4, no. 3 (June 25, 2021): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36401/jqsh-21-2.
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ABSTRACT Introduction The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) recommends a minimum of 5 days of antibiotic therapy in stable patients who have community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, excessive duration of therapy (DOT) is common. Define, measure, analyze, improve, and control (DMAIC) is a Lean Six Sigma methodology used in quality improvement efforts, including infection control; however, the utility of this approach for antimicrobial stewardship initiatives is unknown. To determine the impact of a prospective physician-driven stewardship intervention on excess antibiotic DOT and clinical outcomes of patients hospitalized with CAP. Our specific aim was to reduce excess DOT and to determine why some providers treat beyond the IDSA minimum DOT. Methods A single-center, quasi-experimental quality improvement study evaluating rates of excess antimicrobial DOT before and after implementing a DMAIC-based antimicrobial stewardship intervention that included education, prospective audit, and feedback from a physician peer, and daily tracking of excess DOT on a Kaizen board. The baseline period included retrospective CAP cases that occurred between October 2018 and February 2019 (control group). The intervention period included CAP cases between October 2019 and February 2020 (intervention group). Results A total of 123 CAP patients were included (57 control and 66 intervention). Median antibiotic DOT per patient decreased (8 versus 5 days; p < 0.001), and the proportion of patients treated for the IDSA minimum increased (5.3% versus 56%; p < 0.001) after the intervention. No differences in mortality, readmission, length of stay, or incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection were observed between groups. Almost half of the caregivers surveyed were aware that as few as 5 days of antibiotic treatment could be appropriate. Conclusions A physician-driven antimicrobial quality improvement initiative designed using DMAIC methodology led to reduced DOT and increased compliance with the IDSA treatment guidelines for hospitalized patients with CAP reduced without negatively affecting clinical outcomes.
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VK, Arumalla, Chelliah S, and Madhubala V. "Evaluation of pre-analytical phase performance of emergency laboratory by harmonized quality indicators and six sigma." Journal of Medical and Scientific Research 9, no. 2 (April 19, 2021): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2021/9-10.
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Background: Pre-analytical errors account for up to 70% of all the errors made in laboratory diagnostics which are mostly not directly under laboratory control. Laboratories across the world have been using different Quality indicators (QIs) for identifying and quantification of pre-analytical errors. Objective of the present study is to identify the different pre-analytical errors with their frequency and to assess the pre-analytical phase performance of emergency laboratory by using harmonized Quality Indicators and six sigma metrics. Methods and material: A prospective observational study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2019 to monitor the inappropriateness of samples and test request forms. We have quantified the performance of pre-analytical phase of our emergency laboratory based on the harmonized QIs proposed by The International Federation of Clinical Chemistry Working Group on Laboratory Errors and Patient Safety (IFCC- WGLEPS) and six sigma metrics. Results: Emergency laboratory received a total of 55431 samples during Jan- 2019 to Dec- 2019. Number of pre-analytical errors were 1089 which accounted for 1.96% of total samples received. Haemolysed samples, clotted samples and samples with insufficient volume were contributed to 37%, 26% and 15% of the total pre-analytical errors respectively. Conclusions: Pre-analytical phase performance of our emergency laboratory complies with the quality specifications laid by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry Working Group on Laboratory Errors and Patient Safety (IFCC-WGLEPS). Implementation of harmonised QIs assures the comparability of laboratory findings with different laboratories across the world.
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Nacarelli, Victoria. "Application of Six Sigma to Achieve Sales Lifecycle Optimization." International Journal of Business Intelligence Research 5, no. 4 (October 2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbir.2014100101.
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The objective of this paper is to optimize sales lifecycle performance at United Biosource Corporation through the Six Sigma DMAIC methodology to produce fact based, and data driven approaches with reduced process inconsistency. This methodology was applied to identify inefficiencies within the current sales lifecycle process, including excessive data collection and workflow activities. Evaluations of these inefficiencies identified critical to quality and critical to process inputs. On average, 285.33 hours per month are lost as a result of Smartweb related data and workflow performance activities. The identified drivers of these activities are: (i) external workflows; (ii) data cleaning; and (iii) outside reporting. The goal is to decrease the total number of hours per month spent performing these activities by 75% by the end of 2014. These results will be included in a subsequent publication. To date, the application of the Six Sigma DMAIC methodology to optimize sales lifecycle helped identify inefficiencies, develop solutions and a control plan to ensure the improvements are sustainable.