Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sixties Scoop

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Sixties Scoop'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sixties Scoop"

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Sinclair, Raven. "Identity lost and found: Lessons from the sixties scoop." First Peoples Child & Family Review 3, no. 1 (May 21, 2020): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1069527ar.

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The “Sixties Scoop” describes a period in Aboriginal history in Canada in which thousands of Aboriginal children were removed from birth families and placed in non-Aboriginal environments. Despite literature that indicates adoption breakdown rates of 85-95%, recent research with adults adopted as children indicates that some adoptees have found solace through reacculturating to their birth culture and contextualizing their adoptions within colonial history. This article explores the history of Aboriginal adoption in Canada and examines some of the issues of transracial adoption through the lens of psychology theories to aid understanding of identity conflicts facing Aboriginal adoptees. The article concludes with recommendations towards a paradigm shift in adoption policy as it pertains to Aboriginal children.
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Salazar, Alexa, and Noela Crowe-Salazar. "Connecting Myself to Indian Residential Schools and the Sixties Scoop." First Peoples Child & Family Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal Honouring the Voices, Perspectives, and Knowledges of First Peoples 15, no. 1 (2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1068359ar.

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MacDonald, Nancy, and Judy MacDonald. "Reflections of a Mi’kmaq social worker on a quarter of a century work in First Nations child welfare." First Peoples Child & Family Review 3, no. 1 (May 21, 2020): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1069525ar.

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First Nations people would argue that the ‘Sixties Scoop’ of removing their children from their homes and culture never ended. First Nations children entering ‘care’ of child welfare agencies has increased significantly since the 1960s and 1970s. Storying the journey of a Mi’kmaq social worker working with a First Nations child, aspects of the child welfare system will be theoretically and historically located and critiqued from a social justice perspective. Schools of Social Work will be challenged to provide an education inclusive of decolonization, understanding the historical limitations of the child welfare system and its impact upon First Nations peoples.
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Falla-Wood, Julia. "Indigenous Knowledge, Indigenous Experiences with Residential Schools and Sixties’ Scoop, and their Impact on Emotional Knowledge for Pre-service Teachers." Education, Language and Sociology Research 2, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): p50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/elsr.v2n2p50.

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The purpose of this 2019-2020 exploratory study is to examine pre-service teachers’ knowledge and perceptions of Indigenous Peoples and how emotional knowledge could efficiently integrate this sensitive aspect of Canadian history into the B.Ed. Program. Shen et al. (2009) state that emotions improve learning and facilitate retention in long-term memory. Could emotional knowledge be a way of integrating Indigenous knowledge in the Bachelor of Education programs? Could Indigenous experiences with Indigenous Peoples make a difference in the perception of Indigenous Peoples in pre-service teachers? For this study, the sample available to the researcher consisted of 22 pre-service teacher students. The research instruments were a questionnaire about pre-service teachers’ knowledge of Blanket Exercises, Residential Schools, and Sixties’ Scoop, and reflection papers on the same topics. The results show that 72% of Canadian pre-service teachers, who attended elementary and secondary schools, had some, very little or no knowledge of these topics before the former Prime Minister, Stephen Harper, apologized to former students of Residential Schools for the harm inflicted to them. After listening to Indigenous Survivors and being part of Blanket Exercises, pre-service teachers’ perception of Indigenous Peoples changed in a range of 26% to 100%.
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Copeland, Stacey, and Lauren Knight. "Indigenizing the national broadcast soundscape ‐ CBC podcast: Missing and Murdered: Finding Cleo." Radio Journal:International Studies in Broadcast & Audio Media 19, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/rjao_00036_1.

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Indigenous audio media are experiencing a growing movement in the field of cultural media studies. One arguably linked to the global rise of indigenous reconciliation and political action in colonial nations such as Australia, United States, Canada and New Zealand. Indigenizing the national broadcast soundscape, Canadian Broadcast Corporation (CBC) original podcast Missing and Murdered: Finding Cleo weaves its way through the patriarchal reign of liberal pluralism and settler colonialism of Canadian society from wounded vibrations of assimilation, residential school, cultural genocide, the sixties scoop, sexual assault, death and life. Through a cultural sound studies and critical media analysis framework, this article positions Finding Cleo as an anti-colonial soundwork that details the story of one of the many families involved in the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) as they search for the promise of truth to heal what we conceptualize as wounded vibrations.
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Fachinger. "Colonial Violence in Sixties Scoop Narratives: From In Search of April Raintree to A Matter of Conscience." Studies in American Indian Literatures 31, no. 1-2 (2019): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5250/studamerindilite.31.1-2.0115.

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Tsuji, Stephen R. J. "Indigenous Environmental Justice and Sustainability: What Is Environmental Assimilation?" Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 27, 2021): 8382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158382.

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Canada has a long history of assimilative efforts with respect to Indigenous peoples. Legal assimilation efforts occurred on two fronts: the voluntary and involuntary enfranchisement of First Nations people, and the dissolution of First Nations reserve lands. Cultural assimilation occurred through the residential school system, and the removal of Indigenous children from their homes by Canadian child welfare agencies in the “sixties scoop”. Another form of assimilation is through environmental assimilation. I define environmental assimilation as changes to the environment through development, to the extent whereby the environment can no longer support Indigenous cultural activities. Herein, I examine environmental assimilation in northern Ontario, Canada. The “taken-up” clause in Treaty No. 9, the “Exemption Orders” in the Far North Act, the “Except” stipulation in the Mining Amendment Act, and the unilateral streamlining of projects in the Green Energy Act and the COVID-19 Economic Recovery Act—these pieces of legislation pose threats to the environment and serve to facilitate the reality of contemporary environmental assimilation of First Nations.
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Bombay, Amy, Robyn J. McQuaid, Janelle Young, Vandna Sinha, Vanessa Currie, Hymie Anisman, and Kim Matheson. "Familial Attendance at Indian Residential School and Subsequent Involvement in the Child Welfare System Among Indigenous Adults Born During the Sixties Scoop Era." First Peoples Child & Family Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal Honouring the Voices, Perspectives, and Knowledges of First Peoples 15, no. 1 (2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1068363ar.

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Choate, Peter, Roy Bear Chief, Desi Lindstrom, and Brandy CrazyBull. "Sustaining Cultural Genocide—A Look at Indigenous Children in Non-Indigenous Placement and the Place of Judicial Decision Making—A Canadian Example." Laws 10, no. 3 (July 15, 2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/laws10030059.

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The Truth and Reconciliation Commission has called upon Canada to engage in a process of reconciliation with the Indigenous peoples of Canada. Child Welfare is a specific focus of their Calls to Action. In this article, we look at the methods in which discontinuing colonization means challenging legal precedents as well as the types of evidence presented. A prime example is the ongoing deference to the Supreme Court of Canada decision in Racine v Woods which imposes Euro-centric understandings of attachment theory, which is further entrenched through the neurobiological view of raising children. There are competing forces observed in the Ontario decision on the Sixties Scoop, Brown v Canada, which has detailed the harm inflicted when colonial focused assimilation is at the heart of child welfare practice. The carillon of change is also heard in a series of decisions from the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal in response to complaints from the First Nations Child and Family Caring Society of Canada and the Assembly of First Nations regarding systemic bias in child welfare services for First Nations children living on reserves. Canadian federal legislation Bill C-92, “An Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families”, brings in other possible avenues of change. We offer thoughts on manners decolonization might be approached while emphasizing that there is no pan-Indigenous solution. This article has implications for other former colonial countries and their child protection systems.
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Cornish, Stephen, and Jason Peeler. "The Effect of a Lower Body Positive Pressure Supported Treadmill Exercise Regime on Systemic Biomarkers of Inflammation and Cartilage Degradation in Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study." International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science 9, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.9n.3p18.

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Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) has been linked to a chronic low-grade inflammatory response and altered metabolic activity of articular cartilage. Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-week (3 times/week) lower body positive pressure (LBPP) treadmill walking regime on knee pain and systemic biomarkers of inflammation and cartilage degradation. Methods: Sixteen overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2) knee OA patients were randomized to a LBPP treadmill walking exercise group (N = 7) or non-exercise control group (N = 9). Baseline and 12-week follow-up assessments evaluated the following dependent variables: acute knee pain during full weight bearing treadmill walking; inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, s100A8/A9, and tumor necrosis factor-α), and catabolic metabolism of articular cartilage (sCOMP). Results: Knee pain at baseline and follow-up remained unchanged for the non-exercise control group (P > 0.05). However, knee pain for the LBPP exercise group was significantly decreased at follow-up (P ≤ 0.05). No differences in the biomarkers of inflammation and cartilage degradation were observed for between and within group comparisons (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: Data suggested that the LBPP supported walking regime could be effectively used to promote regular weight bearing exercise without exacerbation of knee joint pain and did not increase levels of systemic inflammation or catabolic activity of articular cartilage in overweight knee OA patients. This pilot investigation offers important insight regarding the potential role that the LBPP technology could play in facilitating investigations examining the disease modifying effect of exercise on knee OA pathogenesis.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sixties Scoop"

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Fee, Margery. "Upsetting Fake Ideas: Jeannette Armstrong's Slash and Beatrice Culleton's April Raintree." Canadian Literature, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11685.

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Both novels expose the "fake idea" that Aboriginal people in Canada can freely choose their identities. The dominant discourse forces a choice on them: assimilate or vanish. Those who refuse the choice face harsh racism. In April Raintree, April assimilates and her sister commits suicide; both "choices" forced on them by racism. In Slash, the hero realizes that it is crucial to retain his identity as an Okanagan person rather than to exhaust himself as an activist. Both novels end with a baby who will be raised in the traditions of his culture. Activism is seen as a dangerous choice for those too young to understand their identity.
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Peristerakis, Julia. ""We must separate them from their families": Canadian policies of child apprehension and relocation from Indigenous communities." 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/24015.

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Debate has been reignited about whether genocide occurred in Canada. The residential school system has garnered attention as a system of attempted genocide, involving the forcible removal of Indigenous children from their families and communities with the goal of assimilating those children into Anglo-European culture. The residential school system began to wind down in the 1960s, but the introduction of provincial child welfare services on reserves and the migration of many Indigenous families to urban centres led to increased apprehension of children from their families by the state. Most of these children were placed with non-Indigenous foster and adoptive families, often out-of-province and sometimes out-of-country. This period of apprehension and relocation of Indigenous children came to be known as the Sixties Scoop. In this paper, I examine the continuities between the residential school system and the Sixties Scoop era of the child welfare system using a relational genocide framework to analyze attempted group destruction. The main finding of this thesis is that the forcible removal of Indigenous children from one group to another threatened the survival of Indigenous communities and the ability of groups to reproduce themselves according to their own cultural codes.
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Wright, Cardinal Sarah. "Beyond the sixties scoop: reclaiming indigenous identity, reconnection to place, and reframing understandings of being indigenous." Thesis, 2017. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8956.

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This study used life experience methods to gather the narratives of seven adult Indigenous transracial adoptees who have reclaimed their Indigenous identities after experiencing closed adoption during the late 1950s through to the early 1980s. Participants had been members of Aboriginal (First Nations, Metis, Inuit) communities at birth but were then raised outside their Indigenous nations in non-Indigenous families. Through analysis of their stories, I identified four themes that marked their trajectories to reclamation: Imposed fracture (prior to reclamation); Little anchors (beginning healing); Coming home (on being whole); Our sacred bundle (reconciling imposed fracture). Their stories of reconnecting to their Indigeneity, decolonizing and healing illustrate their shifts from hegemonic discourse spaces that characterized their lived experiences as “other” to spirit-based discourses that center Indigenous knowledge systems as valid, life affirming, and life changing. This dissertation contributes to the debate on state sanctioned removal of children and the impacts of loss of Indigenous identity in Canadian society. My findings indicate that cultural and spiritual teachings and practices, as well as, the knowledge of colonization and its impacts on Indigenous families, communities, and nations, all contributed to adoptees’ healing and ability to move forward in their lives. Key recommendations include: further exploration of the concept of cultural genocide in relation to settler-colonial relations in Canada; further examination of the intersection of counter-narratives, resistance discourse, and colonial violence; increased investigation of the connections between Indigenous knowledge systems, living spirit-based teachings and educative aspects of community wellness; and more research examining education beyond formal schooling, including the formative effects upon Indigenous youth of social values, public policy, and legal frameworks.
Graduate
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LANDERTINGER, LAURA. "The Biopolitics of Indigenous Reproduction: Colonial Discourse and the Overrepresentation of Indigenous Children in the Canadian Child Welfare System." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6587.

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From its inception, Canada's 'Indian policy' has sought to undermine the bond between indigenous children and their communities. Each era has seen a new reason and corresponding tactic to remove indigenous children. They have been institutionalized in residential schools, placed in foster homes, provincial 'care' facilities, and adopted by Euro-Canadian families. While it is widely accepted that the forceful removal of indigenous children during the residential school era and the "Sixties Scoop" was a colonial strategy, contemporary child welfare practices seem to escape the same scrutiny. This seems to be the case even though indigenous children continue to be removed en masse and are vastly overrepresented in the Canadian child welfare system. Indeed, there are more indigenous children in 'care' today than ever before in Canadian history, including the residential school era and following the "Sixties Scoop". Given these trends the colonial effect of contemporary child welfare practices seems evident. This project thus seeks to problematize child welfare practices in relation to indigenous peoples. In particular, it is the aim of this thesis to shed light on some of the narratives that underlie these practices. Through a critical discourse analysis this thesis illuminates how news media in Alberta and Manitoba disseminate controlling images of indigenous peoples and their children. I argue that the discourses in both provinces normalize the removal of indigenous children while naturalizing colonial control.
Thesis (Master, Sociology) -- Queen's University, 2011-06-30 11:58:07.536
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Nyman, Sheila A. "Indigenous Ceremony and Traditional Knowledge: Exploring their use as models for healing the impacts of traumatic experiences." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5875.

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Using Indigenous methodology and a story telling method this thesis is the result of research that looks at the benefits of traditional Indigenous ceremony and healing practices as a way to heal from traumatic experiences. A thematic analysis technique was employed to reveal four themes that emerged from the stories told by Indigenous Knowledge Keeper participants. The first theme is the importance of our connection to all living things including our own selves. Another is recognizing our greatest teachers nature and animals. Cleansing emerged at the center of all traditional healing strategies and the final theme encompasses all that we are as life on this planet spirit or energy. Trauma can be understood as any event that creates difficulty for the individual to cope whether the event that caused the experience was purposeful or accidental. While people do find amazing ways to cope with circumstances that are overwhelming, neurobiology tells us how trauma is processed and impacts the workings of the brain. Trauma in the nervous system can be understood as the result of a person or group or community’s inability to stay safe or to feel safe during the experiences. Indigenous people live with the ongoing effects of intergenerational trauma caused by colonization including the Indian Residential School experience, as well as ongoing systemic oppression. All traumas can activate the deeply held traumas that have been transmitted trans-generationally. In essence we carry intergenerational traumas. I believe that Indigenous people were practicing healing on a regular basis within their traditional ceremonies, dances and practices before contact and these practices may inform a model of health and wellness that could be useful in healing the effects of trauma that impacts Indigenous people today. Ceremonies and traditional teachings were shared communally before contact and are now being revived as we embrace the cultural practices of our ancestors across this land. Within our Indigenous ways of knowing we recognize that we are related to everything in creation we are connected and depend on one another. In 1884, under the Potlatch Law & section141 of the Indian Act our ceremonies, spiritual practices and traditional knowledges were made illegal; our people were imprisoned for practicing them (UBC First Nations Studies, 2009). Today we are in a state of desperation for healing strategies that work for who we are as a people. The Elders in this research shared how this can be done.
Graduate
0452
0622
0347
sheilanyman@shaw.ca
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Books on the topic "Sixties Scoop"

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Nicks, Erin. Sixties Scoop. Saunders Book Company, 2019.

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Nicks, Erin. Sixties Scoop. Saunders Book Company, 2019.

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Intimate Integration: A History of the Sixties Scoop and the Colonization of Indigenous Kinship. University of Toronto Press, 2020.

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Stevenson, Allyson. Intimate Integration: A History of the Sixties Scoop and the Colonization of Indigenous Kinship. University of Toronto Press, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sixties Scoop"

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Nichols, Roger L. "From the Sixties Scoop to Baby Veronica: Transracial Adoption of Indigenous Children in the USA and Canada." In International Adoption in North American Literature and Culture, 3–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59942-7_1.

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"Chapter 4. The Sixties and Seventies Scoop and the Genocide Convention." In The Sleeping Giant Awakens, 91–105. University of Toronto Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781487518042-006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sixties Scoop"

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Seijas, Antonio J., Tim Munsterman, and Kevin Parr. "Minimum Pressurization Temperature and Pressure-Temperature Envelope of a 1-1/4Cr-1/2Mo Steel Heavy Wall Vessel." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93310.

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An aged heavy wall pressure vessel for high temperature-high pressure service was to be reused in a new service. The vessel was built in the late sixties with 1-1/4Cr-1/2Mo alloy steel. The integrity of “old vintage” Cr-Mo steel vessels for high pressure service depends heavily on whether the material of construction has sufficient toughness and if they have remained crack free. Cracks or discontinuities may trigger brittle fracture. Because brittle fracture is more likely to occur when the vessel is cold, the planned hydrotest for future conditions as well as the normal start-up and shutdown procedures needed to be established to reduce the risk of brittle fracture by unstable crack propagation. A fracture mechanics and current engineering practice assessment was performed to determine the recommended hydrotest temperature and Minimum Pressurization Temperature (MPT) to avoid brittle fracture. A safe pressure-temperature envelope for future start-up and shutdown procedures was also developed. The evaluation was based on removal of actual test samples using LR Capstone’s proprietary device, the Scoop SamplerSM. Results showed that methods based on chemistry, while conservative, can be overly restrictive.
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Bergstrom, Lars, and Sven Olof Ridder. "The Development of the B&R Rig, Structural Space Frame and Tripod Support System with Integrated Boom." In SNAME 12th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium. SNAME, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/csys-1995-009.

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B&R Designs began business in the early sixties when Sven Ridder and Lars Bergstrom began sailing after studying aeronautical engineering. The principles learnt during their aeronautical studies were applied to sailboats and the goal, for them, has been to take up the structural loads in the most constructive way. Access to the wind tunnels, test tanks and structural testing facilities at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm enabled them to develop and test many ideas. One of these ideas evolved into the B&R rig. The objective was to develop a rig that was more 'user friendly'. Sailboats, thirty years ago and even today, are often fitted with inner forestays and running backstays requiring careful attention by the crew when tacking or jibing. A rig with less demands was the goal, one that was simpler and any mistakes made when tacking or jibing would not jeopardize the boat or crew. Also a simpler rig would require fewer crew members. Safety was another important consideration - a rig that was simple, easy to manage, suitable for a couple or family for cruising. During this rig development period the first application of the rigid boom vang concept was used on Sven Ridder's own sailboat 'Christina Windex'. Calculations and model testing of rigs were carried out. Optimizing the aerodynamic effect in the most favorable way was a very important aim. A series of wind tunnel tests were done to optimize the shape of mast sections. Because of the low wind speeds over a mast, laminar separation occurs very easily. Air scoops were set up on either side of the mast to achieve an attached flow. The best results occurred with an oval shaped mast section, fitted with a sail groove recessed in a V shaped area at the rear of the mast section.
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