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Journal articles on the topic 'Size of cell's nuclei'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Dimitrova, D. S., and D. M. Gilbert. "Regulation of mammalian replication origin usage in Xenopus egg extract." Journal of Cell Science 111, no. 19 (1998): 2989–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.111.19.2989.

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Xenopus embryos initiate replication at random closely spaced sites until a certain concentration of nuclei is achieved within the embryo, after which fewer, more specific chromosomal sites are utilized as origins. We have examined the relationship between nucleo-cytosolic ratio and origin specification when Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell nuclei are introduced into Xenopus egg extracts. At concentrations of intact late-G1-phase nuclei that approximate early Xenopus embryos, the entire genome was duplicated nearly 4 times faster than in culture, accompanied by a de-localization of initiation

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Dimitrova, Daniela S., and David M. Gilbert. "Regulation of mammalian replication origin usage in Xenopus egg extract." Journal of Cell Science 111, no. 19 (1998): 2989–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.19.111.2989.

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ABSTRACT Xenopus embryos initiate replication at random closely spaced sites until a certain concentration of nuclei is achieved within the embryo, after which fewer, more specific chromosomal sites are utilized as origins. We have examined the relationship between nucleo-cytosolic ratio and origin specification when Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell nuclei are introduced into Xenopus egg extracts. At concentrations of intact late-G1-phase nuclei that approximate early Xenopus embryos, the entire genome was duplicated nearly 4 times faster than in culture, accompanied by a de-localization of in

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Ocheretina, Rufina Yur'evna, M. V. Stogov, R. Yu Ocheretina, and M. V. Stogov. "Morphometric Indices of Hepatocytes in Shin Bones Injury." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 18, no. 3 (2011): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto201118376-78.

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Morphometric indices of mononuclear hepatocytes (volumes of cells and nuclei, nucleo-cytoplasmic index, percentage of parenchymal cells of different classes) in peripheral and central zones of hepatic lobules were determined 3 days after experimental fracture of shin bones in CBA mice. Increase of hepatocyte nuclei size within the range of K3, K4 and K5 classes was revealed. This is indicative of the involvement of hepatic parenchymal cells into the process of adaptive reorganization of the organism in loco-motor system injury.

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Kladnik, Aleš. "Relationship of nuclear genome size, cell volume and nuclei volume in endosperm of Sorghum bicolor." Acta Biologica Slovenica 58, no. 2 (2015): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/abs.58.2.15607.

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Endosperm cells of Sorghum bicolor undergo several rounds of endoreplication during seed development, resulting in somatic endopolyploidy with cells containing 3 C to 96 C nuclei (1 C represents the amount of DNA in an unreplicated haploid genome). Cells with higher DNA content are larger and contain larger nuclei. The function of large endosperm cells in Sorghum bicolor is storage of starch that will be used in germination. We analysed the ratios of nuclear genome size and volume of nuclei and cells to determine if karyoplasmic ratio is constant in cells of different endopolyploidy levels. In

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Siew, S., and W. deMendonca-Calaca. "Ultrastructural diagnosis of plasmacytoma on a fine-needle aspirate." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100084818.

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A 36 year old man presented with a mass in the chest and multiple “hot” focal lesions were identified on bone scan. Fine needle aspiration was performed of the chest mass. Routine histology showed the presence of some bundles of dense fibrous tissue and a diffuse infiltration of mononuclear cells, which varied in size and nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio. The smaller cells had eccentric hyperchromatic nuclei. Nucleoli were noted in the larger cells. There was well marked cytoplasmic vacuolation of some of the cells. Mitosis was present. A small fragment of tissue was received for electron microscopy.

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Devi, Arath, and Moorkoth Smija. "Seasonal changes in the structure and secretory activity of the androgenic gland of Travancoriana schirnerae." Open Life Sciences 9, no. 1 (2014): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-013-0180-7.

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AbstractThis study investigated the seasonal variation in the structure and secretory activity of the androgenic gland (AG) in the freshwater crab: Travancoriana schirnerae. The androgenic gland is an elongate structure, attached to one side on the wall of the ejaculatory duct. Histological studies showed the presence of three cell types, which differ in size, shape of nuclei, and presence or absence of secretory vesicles. Type I cells are small with large nuclei whereas type II cells are large with small nuclei. Type III cells are intermediate in size and exhibited streak-like nuclei and tran

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Andraszek, K., E. Wójcik, A. Grużewska, and E. Smalec. "Genome size of the European domestic goose (Anser anser domesticus)." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 89, no. 4 (2009): 449–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas08127.

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This work is aimed at determining the C-DNA contained within the nuclei of different types of cells in the domestic goose Anser anser. Cells from the lungs, skin, pancreas, kidney, spleen, liver, heart, brain, blood, ovary and testicle were analysed. Cells from the blood, ovary and testicle were smeared onto microscopic glasses, whereas slides from the other organs and tissues were prepared using the paraffin technique. DNA content, as visualized by the Feulgen reaction using computerized image analysis, was examined in 200 nuclei of every type of cell. Chicken erythrocytes were used as refere

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Modliński, Jacek A., Jean-Pierre Ozil, Marta K. Modliński, et al. "Development of single mouse blastomeres enlarged to zygote size in conditions of nucleo-cytoplasmic synchrony." Zygote 10, no. 4 (2002): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096719940200401x.

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The following blastomeres were enlarged to the size of the zygote by one, two or three rounds of blastomere enucleation and electrofusion: (1) from the 2-cell stage (referred to as 2/1 embryos), (2) from the 4-cell stage (referred to as 4/1 embryos), (3) from the 8-cell stage (referred to as 8/1 embryos). Such single enlarged blastomeres developed into blastocysts in vivo in 55.5% (2/1), 28% (4/1) and 6.6% (8/1) of cases. Their mean cell numbers were 45.3, 24.5 and 13.0 in 2/1, 4/1 and 8/1 embryos, respectively. When a blastomere nucleus from another mouse strain (heterologous nucleus) was sub

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Goff, L. J., and A. W. Coleman. "The solution to the cytological paradox of isomorphy." Journal of Cell Biology 104, no. 3 (1987): 739–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.104.3.739.

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Cells with polyploid nuclei are generally larger than cells of the same organism or species with nonpolyploid nuclei. However, no such change of cell size with ploidy level is observed in those red algae which alternate isomorphic haploid with diploid generations. The results of this investigation reveal the explanation. Nuclear DNA content and other parameters were measured in cells of the filamentous red alga Griffithsia pacifica. Nuclei of the diploid generation contain twice the DNA content of those of the haploid generation. However, all cells except newly formed reproductive cells are mu

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Walters, Alison D., Kwabena Amoateng, Renjie Wang, et al. "Nuclear envelope expansion in budding yeast is independent of cell growth and does not determine nuclear volume." Molecular Biology of the Cell 30, no. 1 (2019): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e18-04-0204.

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Most cells exhibit a constant ratio between nuclear and cell volume. The mechanism dictating this constant ratio and the nuclear component(s) that scale with cell size are not known. To address this, we examined the consequences to the size and shape of the budding yeast nucleus when cell expansion is inhibited by down-regulating components of the secretory pathway. We find that under conditions where cell size increase is restrained, the nucleus becomes bilobed, with the bulk of the DNA in one lobe and the nucleolus in the other. The formation of bilobed nuclei is dependent on fatty acid and

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Neumann, Frank R., and Paul Nurse. "Nuclear size control in fission yeast." Journal of Cell Biology 179, no. 4 (2007): 593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200708054.

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A long-standing biological question is how a eukaryotic cell controls the size of its nucleus. We report here that in fission yeast, nuclear size is proportional to cell size over a 35-fold range, and use mutants to show that a 16-fold change in nuclear DNA content does not influence the relative size of the nucleus. Multi-nucleated cells with unevenly distributed nuclei reveal that nuclei surrounded by a greater volume of cytoplasm grow more rapidly. During interphase of the cell cycle nuclear growth is proportional to cell growth, and during mitosis there is a rapid expansion of the nuclear

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Jagoe, Charles H., and Dave A. Welter. "Quantitative comparisons of the morphology and ultrastructure of erythrocyte nuclei from seven freshwater fish species." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 10 (1995): 1951–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-229.

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Chromosome number and genomic DNA content vary widely among fish species, and ploidy can vary within species. This suggests that the size, shape, and morphological features of cell nuclei may also vary. Nucleated erythrocytes of fish are an easily sampled homogeneous population of differentiated cells ideal for inter- and intra-species comparisons. We collected blood samples from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), chain pickerel (Esox niger), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), redeye bass (Micropterus coosae), and rainbow t

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Plusa, Berenika, Maria A. Ciemerych, Ewa Borsuk, and Andrzej K. Tarkowski. "Transcription and DNA replication of sperm nuclei introduced into blastomeres of 2-cell mouse embryos." Zygote 5, no. 4 (1997): 289–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199400003877.

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SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the behaviour of sperm nuclei in the cytoplasm of the 2-cell mouse embryo. To this end, we produced hybrids between anucleate fertilised oocyte fragments and blastomeres of the 2-cell embryos. When sperm nuclei at the stage of decondensation or recondensation were introduced into blastomeres the development of male pronuclei was usually retarded and they never reached the size of the blastomere nuclei. These abortive male pronuclei were unable to initiate transcription but they were capable of synthesising DNA. The majority of sperm nuclei introd

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Mellerowicz, E. J., R. T. Riding, and C. H. A. Little. "Nuclear size and shape changes in fusiform cambial cells of Abies balsamea during the annual cycle of activity and dormancy." Canadian Journal of Botany 68, no. 9 (1990): 1857–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b90-243.

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Interphase, prophase, and telophase nuclei were measured at different times during the year in fusiform cambial cells located at the base of the main stem of 6-year-old trees and in 1-year-old shoots from the top of 21-year-old trees. In both materials, the size and shape of nuclei exhibited seasonal changes that were independent of the cell cycle. Nuclear length was greater, whereas nuclear width and depth were smaller, when the cambium was dormant than when it was active. Nuclear volume gradually declined during the growing period and increased during the rest stage of dormancy. Nuclei had t

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Trounson, Alan, Orly Lacham-Kaplan, Maria Diamente, and Tiki Gougoulidis. "Reprogramming cattle somatic cells by isolated nuclear injection." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 10, no. 8 (1998): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd98095.

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The development of a somatic cell nuclear transfer procedure for the production of blastocyst stage cattle embryos is described. Bovine fetal fibroblasts were used for fusion experiments with surgically enucleated oocytes (cytoplasts) following the establishment of optimal parameters for electrofusion from isofusion contours. Fusion rates were increased by decreasing size of the cytoplasts used but cleavage was decreased by decreasing size of the cytoplast used (quarter, half and whole cytoplasts). The use of double cytoplasts did not improve cleavage, and development to blastocysts could not

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Bruusgaard, J. C., K. Liestøl, and K. Gundersen. "Distribution of myonuclei and microtubules in live muscle fibers of young, middle-aged, and old mice." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 6 (2006): 2024–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00913.2005.

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We have recently published a new technique for visualizing nuclei in living muscle fibers of intact animals, based on microinjection of labeled DNA into single myofibers, excluding satellite cells (Bruusgaard JC, Liestol K, Ekmark M, Kollstad K, and Gundersen K. J Physiol 551: 467–478, 2003). In the present study, we use this technique to study fiber segments of soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from mice aged 2, 14, and 23 mo. As the animals maturing from 2 to 14 mo, they displayed an increase in size and number of nuclei. Soleus showed little change in nuclear domain size, w

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Pomorski, Pawel, Lucyna Grebecka, Andrzej Grebecki, and Robert Makuch. "Reversible changes in size of cell nuclei isolated from Amoeba proteus: Role of the cytoskeleton." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 78, no. 4 (2000): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o00-054.

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Micrurgically isolated interphasal nuclei of Amoeba proteus, which preserve F-actin cytoskeletal shells on their surface, shrink after perfusion with imidazole buffer without ATP, and expand to about 200% of their cross-sectional area upon addition of pyrophosphate. These changes in size may be reproduced several times with the same nucleus. The shrunken nuclei are insensitive to the osmotic effects of sugars and distilled water, whereas the expanded ones react only to the distilled water, showing further swelling. The shrinking-expansion cycles are partially inhibited by cytochalasins. They a

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van Dekken, H., D. Pinkel, J. Mullikin, B. Trask, G. van den Engh, and J. Gray. "Three-dimensional analysis of the organization of human chromosome domains in human and human-hamster hybrid interphase nuclei." Journal of Cell Science 94, no. 2 (1989): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.94.2.299.

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This report describes the intranuclear organization of chromosomes in human-hamster hybrid nuclei and in human cell nuclei. The target chromosomes were stained using in situ hybridization with biotinylated, chromosome-specific DNA probes. Bound probe was detected with fluorescein-avidin. Hybridizations were performed to fixed nuclei in aqueous suspension in order to preserve their three-dimensional morphology. Total nuclear DNA was stained with DAPI. Three-dimensional information about the organization of DNA and probe within the nucleus was obtained by optical sectioning. The human chromosome

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Lees, Rita L., and Johan N. M. Heersche. "Differences in regulation of pHi in large (≥10 nuclei) and small (≤5 nuclei) osteoclasts." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 279, no. 3 (2000): C751—C761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2000.279.3.c751.

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Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that resorb bone by extrusion of protons and proteolytic enzymes. They display marked heterogeneity in cell size, shape, and resorptive activity. Because high resorptive activity in vivo is associated with an increase in the average size of osteoclasts in areas of greater resorption and because of the importance of proton extrusion in resorption, we investigated whether the activity of the bafilomycin A1-sensitive vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) and amiloride-sensitive Na+/H+ exchanger differed between large and small osteoclasts. Osteoclasts were obtain

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Yao, Chaoqun, and Douglas P. Jasmer. "Trichinella spiralis-Infected Muscle Cells: Abundant RNA Polymerase II in Nuclear Speckle Domains Colocalizes with Nuclear Antigens." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 6 (2001): 4065–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.6.4065-4071.2001.

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ABSTRACT Infection of mammalian skeletal muscle cells by Trichinella spiralis causes host nuclei to become polyploid (ca. 4N) and abnormally enlarged. It has been postulated that this enlargement reflects an infection-induced elevation of host transcription. Anthelmintic treatment of T. spiralis-infected rodents with mebendazole (MBZ) causes a reduction in the size of infected cell nuclei and a significant reduction in the total RNA content of individual infected muscle cells. A monoclonal antibody to the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) was used here to assess the effects of infect

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Bourge, Mickael, Spencer Creig Brown, and Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev. "Flow cytometry as tool in plant sciences, with emphasis on genome size and ploidy level assessment." Genetics & Applications 2, no. 2 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31383/ga.vol2iss2pp1-12.

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Flow cytometry has become the method of choice to measure the DNA content (genome size) in plants. Ease of sample preparation, fast acquisition, and accurate measurements have made the method popular in the domains of plant cell biology, systematics, evolution, genetics and biotechnology. Although the cell wall is a problem when isolating plant cells, cytometry remains a powerful tool in plant sciences. Based on our 30-years’ experience in this field, this review will focus at first on genome size measurement using simply isolated nuclei: the good practice for acquisition, nuclei isolation, ap

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Edens, Lisa J., Matthew R. Dilsaver, and Daniel L. Levy. "PKC-mediated phosphorylation of nuclear lamins at a single serine residue regulates interphase nuclear size in Xenopus and mammalian cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 10 (2017): 1389–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e16-11-0786.

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How nuclear size is regulated is a fundamental cell-biological question with relevance to cancers, which often exhibit enlarged nuclei. We previously reported that conventional protein kinase C (cPKC) contributes to nuclear size reductions that occur during early Xenopus development. Here we report that PKC-mediated phosphorylation of lamin B3 (LB3) contributes to this mechanism of nuclear size regulation. By mapping PKC phosphorylation sites on LB3 and testing the effects of phosphomutants in Xenopus laevis embryos, we identify the novel site S267 as being an important determinant of nuclear

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Liu, Xiaoyuan, Jonathan W. Pitchford, and George W. A. Constable. "Cell size and selection for stress-induced cell fusion in unicellular eukaryotes." PLOS Computational Biology 21, no. 4 (2025): e1012418. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012418.

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In unicellular organisms, sexual reproduction typically begins with the fusion of two cells (plasmogamy) followed by the fusion of their two haploid nuclei (karyogamy) and finally meiosis. Most work on the evolution of sexual reproduction focuses on the benefits of the genetic recombination that takes place during meiosis. However, the selection pressures that may have driven the early evolution of binary cell fusion, which sets the stage for the evolution of karyogamy by bringing nuclei together in the same cell, have seen less attention. In this paper we develop a model for the coevolution o

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Joachimiak, Andrzej, and Tomasz Ilnicki. "Nuclear morphology, polyploidy, and chromatin elimination in tissue culture of Allium fistulosum L." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 72, no. 1 (2011): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2003.002.

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<p>The morphology of cell nuclei in callus obtained from root-tip meristems of <em>Allium fistulosum</em> L. (Monocotyledoneae, Alliaceae) was analysed. The most interesting phenomena observed in long-term callus culture were the different mechanisms of cell polyploidization, enlargement of telomeric segments of heterochromatin, and extensive chromatin elimination, associated with instability of nuclei size and DNA content.</p><p>Protruding heterochromatin "spikes" were observed on the surface of some di- and polyploid nuclei. The presence of these spikes was conn

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Bian, Chang, Garry Ashton, Megan Grant, et al. "Integrating Spatial and Morphological Characteristics into Melanoma Prognosis: A Computational Approach." Cancers 16, no. 11 (2024): 2026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers16112026.

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In this study, the prognostic value of cellular morphology and spatial configurations in melanoma has been examined, aiming to complement traditional prognostic indicators like mitotic activity and tumor thickness. Through a computational pipeline using machine learning and deep learning methods, we quantified nuclei sizes within different spatial regions and analyzed their prognostic significance using univariate and multivariate Cox models. Nuclei sizes in the invasive band demonstrated a significant hazard ratio (HR) of 1.1 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.18). Similarly, the nuclei sizes of tumor cells an

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Yamada, Kumiko, Reiji Semba, XiaoHui Ding, Ning Ma, and Masato Nagahama. "Discrimination of Cell Nuclei in Early S-phase, Mid-to-late S-phase, and G2/M-phase by Sequential Administration of 5-Bromo-2'-Deoxyuridine and 5-Chloro-2'-Deoxyuridine." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 53, no. 11 (2005): 1365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/jhc.4a6601.2005.

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5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and 5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine (CldU) were sequentially administered intraperitoneally into mice at 1-hr intervals. After one additional hr, the small intestines were resected, fixed, and embedded in paraffin. In histological sections stained with monoclonal antibody Br-3 reactive to both BrdU and CldU, and CldU antibody reactive only to CldU, three types of staining could be identified in the proliferating zone. Cells with nuclei stained only with Br-3 antibody were estimated to have completed DNA replication during the first 1 hr and were fixed in G2/M-phase. Tho

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Chen, Pan, Miroslav Tomschik, Katherine M. Nelson, John Oakey, Jesse C. Gatlin, and Daniel L. Levy. "Nucleoplasmin is a limiting component in the scaling of nuclear size with cytoplasmic volume." Journal of Cell Biology 218, no. 12 (2019): 4063–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201902124.

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How nuclear size is regulated relative to cell size is a fundamental cell biological question. Reductions in both cell and nuclear sizes during Xenopus laevis embryogenesis provide a robust scaling system to study mechanisms of nuclear size regulation. To test if the volume of embryonic cytoplasm is limiting for nuclear growth, we encapsulated gastrula-stage embryonic cytoplasm and nuclei in droplets of defined volume using microfluidics. Nuclei grew and reached new steady-state sizes as a function of cytoplasmic volume, supporting a limiting component mechanism of nuclear size control. Throug

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Alfia Indah Dewi Alfina, Willy Sandhika, and Desak Gede Agung Suprabawati. "Nuclear size and pleiomorphism of breast cancer cells at high and low Ki-67 proliferation index." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 1 (2024): 1132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.1.0063.

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Background: Breast cancer cells are characterized by enlargement of nuclei and variation of nuclear size. The more anaplastic of cell nuclei reflect more aggressive and malignant cells that affect increase proliferation rate. The aim of this study is to reveal whether there was any difference of anaplastic characteristic of breast cancer cells in high and low degree of proliferation rate. Material and Methods: Twenty-three cases of breast cancer were collected from archive of Pathology Department composed of high and low Ki-67 proliferations index. Anaplastic characteristics of cancer cells we

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Alfia, Indah Dewi Alfina, Sandhika Willy, and Gede Agung Suprabawati Desak. "Nuclear size and pleiomorphism of breast cancer cells at high and low Ki-67 proliferation index." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 1 (2024): 1132–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13293468.

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<strong>Background</strong>: Breast cancer cells are characterized by enlargement of nuclei and variation of nuclear size. The more anaplastic of cell nuclei reflect more aggressive and malignant cells that affect increase proliferation rate. The aim of this study is to reveal whether there was any difference of anaplastic characteristic of breast cancer cells in high and low degree of proliferation rate. <strong>Material and Methods</strong>: Twenty-three cases of breast cancer were collected from archive of Pathology Department composed of high and low Ki-67 proliferations index. Anaplastic

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Tiedje, Niels Skat, Jesper Henri Hattel, John A. Taylor, and Mark A. Easton. "Modelling Eutectic Growth in Unmodified and Modified Near-Eutectic Al-Si Alloy." Materials Science Forum 765 (July 2013): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.765.160.

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A numerical model that describes solidification of primary aluminium grains and nucleation and growth of eutectic cells is used to analyse the solidification of an Al-12.5wt% Si alloy. Nucleation of eutectic cells is modelled using an Oldfield-type nucleation model where the number of nuclei in the melt is determined by the amount of active nuclei and the local undercooling from the surface to the centre of a plate casting. Eutectic grains are modelled as spheres growing between the dendrites. The growth velocity of the eutectic cells is a function of undercooling. Experimentally determined gr

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Kogan, Yefim L., David B. Mechem, and Kityan Choi. "Effects of Sea-Salt Aerosols on Precipitation in Simulations of Shallow Cumulus." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 2 (2012): 463–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-031.1.

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Abstract A suite of large-eddy simulations with size-resolving microphysical processes was performed in order to assess effects of sea-salt aerosols on precipitation process in trade cumulus. Simulations based on observations from the Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO) field campaign explored the effects of adding sea-salt nuclei in different size ranges by following the evolution of 369 cloud cells over the 24-h simulation period. The addition of large (small) sea-salt nuclei tends to accelerate (suppress) precipitation formation; however, in marine environments the sea-salt spectra always

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Wang, Qiangsheng, Yinping Shi, Qingrong Sun, and Yongsheng Yin. "CYTOHISTOLOGY OF A 2–2–4 TYPE SPORT IN BARTLETT PEAR (Pyrus Communis)." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 626c—626. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.626c.

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In the 1980' s, a Bartlett pear giant fruit sport was found in Pingdu, Shandong. The characteristics of mutation are larger fruit, thicker branch, shorter internode and much more spur. By grafting propagation, the clones began to bear fruit in 1990, and maintain the characteristics of variable mother plant. From microspore formation to blossom and spreading pollen, the cytohistological observation of sport flowering organs indicates: in every phase of pollen development, the size of florets, anthers and pollen grains are similar to CK; their pollen types both belong to tricolporat, pollen grai

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Sliwinska, Elwira, Ilona Pisarczyk, Andrzej Pawlik, and David W. Galbraith. "Measuring genome size of desert plants using dry seeds." Botany 87, no. 2 (2009): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b08-120.

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Use of seeds instead of leaves for the flow cytometric measurement of DNA content is of particular interest to botanists and plant ecologists, since it allows estimation of genome sizes for species having reduced leaves or that accumulate staining inhibitors within leaves, and also for species growing in regions where cytometers are not readily available. The seeds of 24 desert species, including wildflowers, cacti, shrubs, and trees were analyzed by flow cytometry. Nuclei were used from either total seeds or seed tissues, following dissection to determine the seed parts that were most suitabl

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Collins, P. C., S. D. Patel, E. T. Papoutsakis, and W. M. Miller. "Nuclei-size distributions as predictive tools of hematopoietic cell proliferation." Cytotherapy 1, no. 2 (1999): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0032472031000141247.

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Sazonova, E. N., O. G. Repa, and Yu B. Malofey. "Cytoprotective effect of non-opiate leu-enkephalin analogues against the background of ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor exposure." Сибирский научный медицинский журнал 44, no. 6 (2025): 155–61. https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20240615.

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The purpose of the study was to assess the involvement of the polyamine system in the implementation of the cytoprotective effect of non-opiate analogues of leu-enkephalin under conditions of oxidative stress. Material and methods. Rat pulmonary fibroblasts were incubated with the NALE peptide (Phe–D-Ala–Gly–Phe–Leu–Arg, 0.1 μM) and its structural analogue peptide G (Phe–D-Ala–Gly–Phe–Leu–Gly, 0. 1 µM), some series - with difluoromethylornithine (DFMO, 2 mM). Oxidative stress was modeled by adding H2O2 (100 μM) to the culture medium. The morphometric parameters of the nucleo-nucleolar apparatu

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Marenkov, O. N., K. K. Holoborodko, Yu S. Voronkova, and V. A. Gorban. "Features of histological adaptation of Marbled crayfish Procambarus fallax f. virginalis (Decapoda) to the different concentration of cadmium ions in model experiment." Ecology and Noospherology 28, no. 3-4 (2017): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031714.

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The article shows the results of studies on the influence of cadmium ions on the histological structure of antennal gland cells of marbled crayfish Procambarus fallax f. virginalis Martin et al., 2010 (Decapoda). Due to the fact that marbled crayfish got into the reservoirs of the Dnipropetrovsk region in 2015, it was necessary to study the possibilities of its adaptation to environmental factors of reservoirs for further prediction of its distribution or even acclimatization under conditions of toxicological contamination of the ponds of the steppe Prydniprovya. We conducted a laboratory mode

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Gerashchenko, B. І., V. V. Sarnatskaya, and K. I. Bardakhivska. "ANALYSIS OF THE VOLUME OF BONE MARROW CELL NUCLEI FOR ASSESSMENT OF CYTOSTATIC MYELOSUPPRESSION AND ITS PREVENTION BY ACTIVATED CARBON." Oncology 26, no. 2 (2024): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/oncology.2024.02.120.

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Bone marrow suppression (myelosuppression) is a frequent complication of chemotherapy, and the need for monitoring and managing this side effect is still in great demand. Aim: to study the changes in the volume of nuclei in bone marrow cells of chemotherapy drug-treated laboratory animals with or without enterosorption by activated carbon (AC). Object and methods: both flow cytometry and confocal microscopy were used to analyze acridine orange (AO)-stained bone marrow samples of intact, doxorubicin (DOX)-, and DOX+AC-treated rats. Confocal Z-series that represent sequential scans of cell nucle

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Huber, Michael D., and Larry Gerace. "The size-wise nucleus: nuclear volume control in eukaryotes." Journal of Cell Biology 179, no. 4 (2007): 583–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200710156.

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Eukaryotic cells have an “awareness” of their volume and organellar volumes, and maintain a nuclear size that is proportional to the total cell size. New studies in budding and fission yeast have examined the relationship between cell and nuclear volumes. It was found that the size of the nucleus remains proportional to cell size in a wide range of genetic backgrounds and growth conditions that alter cell volume and DNA content. Moreover, in multinucleated fission yeast cells, Neumann and Nurse (see p. 593 of this issue) found that the sizes of individual nuclei are controlled by the relative

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Ferreira, J. A., M. Carmo-Fonseca, and A. I. Lamond. "Differential interaction of splicing snRNPs with coiled bodies and interchromatin granules during mitosis and assembly of daughter cell nuclei." Journal of Cell Biology 126, no. 1 (1994): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.126.1.11.

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In the interphase nucleus of mammalian cells the U1, U2, U4/U6, and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), which are subunits of spliceosomes, associate with specific subnuclear domains including interchromatin granules and coiled bodies. Here, we analyze the association of splicing snRNPs with these structures during mitosis and reassembly of daughter nuclei. At the onset of mitosis snRNPs are predominantly diffuse in the cytoplasm, although a subset remain associated with remnants of coiled bodies and clusters of mitotic interchromatin granules, respectively. The number and size of mi

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Schmidt, E. E., and U. Schibler. "Cell size regulation, a mechanism that controls cellular RNA accumulation: consequences on regulation of the ubiquitous transcription factors Oct1 and NF-Y and the liver-enriched transcription factor DBP." Journal of Cell Biology 128, no. 4 (1995): 467–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.128.4.467.

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Cell sizes can differ vastly between cell types in individual metazoan organisms. In rat liver, spleen, and thymus, differences in average cell size roughly reflect differences in RNA:DNA ratios. For example, hepatocytes were found to have a cytoplasmic:nuclear volume ratio and an RNA:DNA ratio which were 34- and 21-fold higher, respectively, than those in thymocytes. RNA synthesis per DNA-equivalent in the hepatocytes was 25-fold greater than that in thymocytes, suggesting that differences in overall transcriptional activity, not differences in overall RNA stability, were primarily responsibl

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Cherdantseva, L. A., E. A. Anastasieva, D. Ya Aleynik, M. N. Egorikhina, and I. A. Kirilova. "In Vitro Evaluation of the Allogeneic Bone Matrix Effect on the Adipose Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Characteristics in Combined Tissue Engineering." Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia 27, no. 1 (2021): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21823/2311-2905-2021-27-1-53-65.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of native and deproteinized compact and spongy allogenic bone matrices on the characteristics of adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (ASC) in combined tissue engineering.Material and Methods. 24 samples of native and deproteinized compact and spongy bone were examined, which were exposed to mechanical treatment, modeling, followed by sterilization of the samples by ionizing radiation and bacteriological control of sterilization. Some of the samples underwent deproteinization. The characterized cultures of human ASC were used as test cultur

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Singh, Chandra Bhanu, Vijay Kumar Singhal, and Manish Kapoor. "First record of nucleus migration in premeiotic antherial cells of Saccharum spontaneum L. (Poaceae)." Caryologia 75, no. 2 (2022): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1418.

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The occurrence of nucleus migration is reported for the first time in a clone (2n = 64) of ‘Thatch’ grass (Saccharum spontaneum L.) of the family Poaceae. Usually, its premeiotic antherial cells are thin walled, uninucleate and without any trace of chromosome individuality. However, the cells of those anthers that had been affected from flood water stress conditions were anucleated to hexanucleated in varying frequencies. Out of 2567 cells analyzed, two and three cells were noticed to be connected to each other through a well-defined cytoplasmic channel. The nuclei were observed at various sta

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Koch, Britta, Samuel Sanchez, Christine K. Schmidt, Anka Swiersy, Stephen P. Jackson, and Oliver G. Schmidt. "Confinement and Deformation of Single Cells and Their Nuclei Inside Size‐Adapted Microtubes." Advanced Healthcare Materials 3, no. 11 (2014): 1753–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201300678.

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Verma, Priyanka, Noorin Zaidi, De Sumaiya Irfan, Andleeb Zehra, and Nirupma Lal. "Rhabdoid tumor of cheek in an adult patient: A rare case report." IP Archives of Cytology and Histopathology Research 7, no. 3 (2022): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.achr.2022.041.

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Rhabdoid tumor is relatively rare highly malignant tumor in adult older than 40 years, therefore treatment regimens often throwing from pediatric age group. It is characterized by extremely aggressive behavior, rapid metastasis to other organ, low survival rate and no targeted therapy. So, early diagnosis is necessary for better treatment and reduce mortality outcome. A 42 years male suffering from a right side cheek mass of 5x3cm associated with tongue displacement to left side and difficulty in swallowing. After complete removal of lesion for histopathological examination, revealed grossly t

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Bruusgaard, J. C., I. M. Egner, T. K. Larsen, S. Dupre-Aucouturier, D. Desplanches, and K. Gundersen. "No change in myonuclear number during muscle unloading and reloading." Journal of Applied Physiology 113, no. 2 (2012): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00436.2012.

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Muscle fibers are the cells in the body with the largest volume, and they have multiple nuclei serving different domains of cytoplasm. A large body of previous literature has suggested that atrophy induced by hindlimb suspension leads to a loss of “excessive” myonuclei by apoptosis. We demonstrate here that atrophy induced by hindlimb suspension does not lead to loss of myonuclei despite a strong increase in apoptotic activity of other types of nuclei within the muscle tissue. Thus hindlimb suspension turns out to be similar to other atrophy models such as denervation, nerve impulse block, and

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Hagan, I. M., P. N. Riddle, and J. S. Hyams. "Intramitotic controls in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe: the effect of cell size on spindle length and the timing of mitotic events." Journal of Cell Biology 110, no. 5 (1990): 1617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.110.5.1617.

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We have used a new cinemicroscopy technique in combination with antitubulin immunofluorescence microscopy to investigate the timing of mitotic events in cells of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe having lengths at division between 7 and 60 microns. Wild-type fission yeast cells divide at a length of 14 microns. Separation of daughter nuclei (anaphase B) proceeds at a rate of 1.6 +/- 0.2 microns min-1, until the spindle extends the length of the cell. Coincident with spindle depolymerization, the nuclei reverse direction and take up positions that will become the center of the two dau

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Rossi, Francesca Maria, Davide Rossi, Clara Deambrogi, et al. "13q14 Chromosome Deletion Size and Number of Deleted Cells Influence Prognosis In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." Blood 116, no. 21 (2010): 3578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.3578.3578.

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Abstract Abstract 3578 Introduction: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients bearing 13q14 deletion are known to experience a more favorable clinical course. Recent studies, focusing on patients with loss of 13q as the sole cytogenetic aberration at diagnosis (del13q-only cases), showed that the number of malignant cells carrying this genetic lesion correlates with a more aggressive clinical behavior. However, whether the size of the 13q deletion may also influence the clinical outcome remains to be elucidated. Patients and Methods: Probes for chromosome 13q (LSI-RB1, LSI-D13S319), 11q (LS

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Ciprian, Ober, Gal Adrian Florin, Miclăuş Viorel, et al. "Description Of An Anaplastic Rhabdomyosarcoma In A Cockatiel (Nymphicus Hollandicus)." Acta Veterinaria 65, no. 3 (2015): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acve-2015-0036.

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Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor of the skeletal muscles that is occasionally observed in free-living and pet birds. A case of malignant rhabdomyosarcoma in the musculature of the right wing of a captive female cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) was investigated. The clinical aspect and radiographic images suggested an invasive neoplasm. Histologically, the tumor was composed of a patternless array of large primitive polygonal cells or sheets of bizarre cells with giant nuclei and atypical mitoses set in a collagenous stroma. Anaplastic cells were poorly differentiated and exhibit

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Sundaram, A., Sarasa Bharati Arumugam, S. Arumugam, and Y. Rajalakshmi. "Ultrastructural Characteristics of Glioblastoma Multiforme." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 3 (1990): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100158595.

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The ultrastructural studies of Glioblastoma multiforme was carried out from tissue obtained from human intracranial neoplasms obtained in Madras Institute of Neurology.Light microscopy showed a highly cellular neoplasm with areas of sinusoidal necrosis palisaded by spongioblasts. The malignant cells exhibited hyperchromatism, pleomorphism, bizarre nuclei and there were marked endothelial proliferations. Mono nuclear cell aggregates are also seen.Ultrastructurally Glioblastoma multiforme exhibited great variation in size and shape of cells. In the main, the cells were off moderate size with ovo

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Singh, Ramnik, Billawaria S, Tahsildar M, and Desai N. "The Sezary Syndrome: A Rare case of Cutaneous T cell Lymphoma." Clinical Pathology & Research Journal 8, no. 1 (2024): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.23880/cprj-16000190.

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Sezary syndrome is uncommon variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) characterized by erythroderma, pruritus and atypical lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei. Hereby, the authors present a rare case of 60 years male with multiple hyperpigmented scaly plaques over face, bilateral upper, lower limbs, abdomen and trunk since 6 months. On Peripheral smear examination revealed Sezary cells of intermediate to large size with cerebriform nuclei with scant blue cytoplasm. Skin biopsy of the patient revealed atypical lymphoid infiltrate in the superficial dermis characterized by small cells with irr

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