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1

Shrestha, Rosha. "Association of Anterior and Posterior occlusal planes with skeletal class I, class II and class III malocclusion." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 11, no. 08 (2023): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v11i8.07.

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Introduction: The occlusal plane is a very vital in stomatognathic system and the association between anterior occlusal planes and posterior occlusal plane plays an important role during orthodontic treatments. Methods: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 270 adult patients of the different classes of malocclusion were used. Several angular measurements were measured and compared among all study groups to evaluate the existence of relationship between AOP and POP with skeletal and vertical patterns. Results: The skeletal patterns showed a significant difference in anterior occlusal plane angl
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2

Manish, Kumar, Negi K.S., Sood Sankalp, Mahajan Monika, Chainta Dimple, and Vaid Sanjeev. "Evaluation of Skeletal Pattern in Class II Subdivision and its Comparison with Class I- A Cephalometric Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 7 (2023): 1213–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11859198.

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<strong>Objective:&nbsp;</strong>The purpose of the study was to use lateral cephalometric radiographs to ascertain the skeletal pattern of Class II subdivision subjects and to compare these with that of the Class I skeletal pattern.&nbsp;<strong>Materials &amp; Methods:</strong>&nbsp;Lateral cephalograms of 30 untreated Class II subdivision individuals and 30 subjects having Class I skeletal pattern were recorded in due course of time. These cephalograms were analyzed for evaluation and comparison of skeletal pattern of Class II subdivision individuals with Class I subjects.&nbsp;<strong>Resu
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3

Ozbilek, Selin, Ahmet Yalcin Gungor, and Salih Celik. "Effects of skeletally anchored Class II elastics: A pilot study and new approach for treating Class II malocclusion." Angle Orthodontist 87, no. 4 (2017): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/120616-875.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue effects of skeletally anchored Class II elastics and compare them with a matched control group treated by a monobloc appliance for the correction of skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients (6 girls, 6 boys) were randomly divided into two groups. In the elastics group, six patients (12.9 ± 1.5 years of age; 3 boys, 3 girls) were treated with skeletally anchored Class II elastics. Two miniplates were placed bilaterally at the ramus of the mandible and the other
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4

Nascimento, Ana Carla de Souza, Gabriela Dias Prado, Vanessa Álvares De Castro, Paulo Sérgio Flores Campos, Antônio Sérgio Guimarães, and Ieda Crusoé Rebello. "Morphometric analysis of the mandibular condyle of hyperdivergent individuals with class II and class III skeletal patterns / Análise morfométrica do côndilo mandibular de indivíduos hiperdivergentes com padrões esqueléticos de classe II e classe III." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 5, no. 1 (2022): 606–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv5n1-051.

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Introduction: to compare the condyle morphology of individuals with hyperdivergent skeletal patterns in class ii and class iii skeletal patterns. Methods: multislice computed tomography examinations of 41 individuals (82 temporomandibular joints), aged 18 to 42, with an accentuated vertical growth pattern, of whom 21 had a class ii skeletal pattern and 20, a class iii skeletal pattern were evaluated retrospectively. The following measurements were taken: width (d1), thickness (d2), horizontal angle (a1), and anterior angle (a2) of the condyle. The normality of data distribution was verified by
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Celikoglu, Mevlut, Suleyman Kutalmis Buyuk, Abdullah Ekizer, and Tuba Unal. "Treatment effects of skeletally anchored Forsus FRD EZ and Herbst appliances: A retrospective clinical study." Angle Orthodontist 86, no. 2 (2015): 306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/040315-225.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue effects of the Forsus FRD appliance with miniplate anchorage inserted in the mandibular symphyses and to compare the findings with a well-matched control group treated with a Herbst appliance for the correction of a skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 32 Class II subjects divided into two groups. Group I consisted of 16 patients (10 females and 6 males; mean age, 13.20 ± 1.33 years) treated using the Forsus FRD EZ appliance with miniplate anchorage
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Acharya, Anand, Bhushan Bhattarai, Diana George, and Tarakant Bhagat. "Pattern of Malocclusion in Orthodontic Patients in South-Eastern Region of Nepal." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 7, no. 1 (2017): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v7i1.18893.

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Introduction: Occlusal traits in orthodontic patients have been studied in different parts of Nepal. However, very few data are available on malocclusion in south-eastern region of Nepal.Objective: To assess the pattern of malocclusion occurring in orthodontic patients in south-eastern region of Nepal, and to estimate the age of presentation of Class II malocclusion among the patients.Materials &amp; Method: Data were collected from 150 pre-treatment study models and lateral cephalograms from two orthodontic specialty clinics in Biratnagar. Angle’s classification system was used to determine d
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7

Reynold, Kareena, Binnoy Kurian, and Vidya S L. "Herbst Appliance: A Non-compliant Skeletal Class II Corrector." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 11, no. 8 (2022): 318–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr22804140623.

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8

Plaza, Sonia Patricia, Andreina Reimpell, Jaime Silva, and Diana Montoya. "Relationship between skeletal Class II and Class III malocclusions with vertical skeletal pattern." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 24, no. 4 (2019): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.24.4.063-072.oar.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish the association between sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and assess which cephalometric variables contribute to the possibility of developing skeletal Class II or Class III malocclusion. Methods: Cross-sectional study. The sample included pre-treatment lateral cephalogram radiographs from 548 subjects (325 female, 223 male) aged 18 to 66 years. Sagittal skeletal pattern was established by three different classification parameters (ANB angle, Wits and App-Bpp) and vertical skeletal pattern by SN-Mandibular plane angle. Cephal
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9

Rastogi, Sonam, Manish Goyal, and Mukesh Kumar. "An Analysis of Corneal Thickness and Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness in Predicting Skeletal Class I Vs Class II Patterns - A Correlative Study." Indian Journal Of Science And Technology 17, no. 32 (2024): 3388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/v17i32.1892.

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Objectives: To identify correlation between skeletal Class I and Class II pattern based on corneal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Methods: A total of seventy subjects were enrolled in the study with age ranging from 14-20 years. Using five orthodontic parameters (ANB, W, Yen, NA, NB) subjects were equally divided into two groups (Class I , Class II). Eye parameters (Corneal thickness and Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness) of each subject were measured and correlated with each skeletal pattern. Following the compilation of descriptive statistics, a t-test was used to make
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10

Maneeth, V. K., Vivek Amin, Abirami Ramesh, Sulfia Nassar, Stanly Selva Kumar, and Shetty Suhani Sudhakar. "Comparison and Correlation between Antegonial Notch, Symphysis Morphology and Ramus Morphology among Different Skeletal Patterns – A Cephalometric and OPG Study." Saudi Journal of Oral and Dental Research, no. 5 (May 26, 2022): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjodr.2022.v07i05.002.

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Aim- To compare and correlate between antegonial notch depth, symphysis morphology and ramus morphology in different skeletal patterns in Class I, Class II and Class III relationships. Methodology: 72 lateral cephalogram and orthopantomograms were be divided into three groups according to the skeletal parameters. Each group is subdivided into three groups based on Y axis: average skeletal pattern Horizontal skeletal pattern and Vertical skeletal pattern. Cephalometric linear and angular measurement and antegonial measurement using OPG were taken. Results and conclusion: The antegonial notch de
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11

Salehi, Arman, Negar Salehi, and ROSHANAK GHAFFARI. "Comparison of Second Molar Eruption Pattern in Skeletal Class I and Class III Malocclusions among 8 9 Years old Children." Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal 8 (June 4, 2024): 811–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11461842.

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Timing and the position of second molar eruption are important factors in orthodontic therapy, which might be related to craniofacial morphology and malocclusion. This cross-sectional study was aimed to comparatively investigate the second molar position in skeletal Class I and Class III malocclusions. Pretreatment history of 60 orthodontic patients, 34 girls and 26 boys with an age range of 8 9 years, were studied. Approximately, 55% had skeletal Class I malocclusion, 23.3% had skeletal Class III malocclusion with maxillary retrognathism and 21.7% had skeletal Class III malocclusion with mand
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12

Salehi, Arman, NEGAR SALEHI, and ROSHANAK GHAFFARI. "Comparison of Second Molar Eruption Pattern in Skeletal Class I and Class III Malocclusions among 8 9 Years old Children." Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal 8 (May 5, 2024): 811–16. https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/788.

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Timing and the position of second molar eruption are important factors in orthodontic therapy, which might be related to craniofacial morphology and malocclusion. This cross-sectional study was aimed to comparatively investigate the second molar position in skeletal Class I and Class III malocclusions. Pretreatment history of 60 orthodontic patients, 34 girls and 26 boys with an age range of 8 9 years, were studied. Approximately, 55% had skeletal Class I malocclusion, 23.3% had skeletal Class III malocclusion with maxillary retrognathism and 21.7% had skeletal Class III malocclusion with mand
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13

Bhambri, Eenal, Manish Sharma, Seema Gupta, Deepak V. Gowda, Shivam Agrawal, and Chetan V. Deshmukh. "Lip Prints as an Early Indicator of Different Malocclusions." Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 16, no. 3 (2023): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijfmp.0974.3383.16323.3.

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ntroduction: The goal of the current investigation was to see if there was any correlation between skeletal malocclusions and lip print patterns. Settings and Design: Hospital based, prospective, observational, cross-sectional study. Meterials and Methods: The study was conducted on 120 subjects, divided into 3 groups Skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III based on ANB angle, Beta angle, and Wits. For the assessment of lip print patterns, they were classifi ed according to the Tsuchihashi classification system. Statistical analysis: The chi-square test was used to study diff erences in the
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14

Wang, Jingyi, Min Zou, Abby Syverson, Zhong Zheng, and Chenshuang Li. "Maxillary Sinus Dimensions in Skeletal Class I Chinese Population with Different Vertical Skeletal Patterns: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study." Diagnostics 12, no. 12 (2022): 3144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123144.

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Due to the close relationship between the maxillary posterior teeth roots and the maxillary sinus floor, the maxillary sinus can significantly impact various dental treatments, including endodontic procedures and surgical apicectomy, periodontal flap surgery, surgical tooth extraction, dental implantation, and orthognathic surgeries. Specifically, in orthodontics, the location of the maxillary sinus floor may affect tooth movement and insertion of temporary anchorage devices (TADs). This study aims to evaluate the dimensions and location of the maxillary sinus in the Chinese orthodontic patien
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15

Das, Dr Varsha, Dr Vinaya .S. Pai, Dr Siri Krishna, Dr Shivaprasad Gaonkar, Dr Gautham Kalladka, and Dr Shreyas Rajaram. "Cheiloscopy: An Early Indicator of Class I & Class II Malocclusion." RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences 11, no. 2 (2019): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26715/rjds.11_2_8.

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This study was done to determine &amp; correlate the lip print patterns in Skeletal Class I &amp; Class II malocclusions. A sample of 160 individuals (80 skeletal Class I &amp; 80 skeletal Class II malocclusion) aged 12 years and above, were selected for the study. A dark coloured lipstick was applied onto the cleaned &amp; dried lips with a single stroke. A lip impression was made on a transparent cellophane tape strip which was removed &amp; stuck to a white bond paper. Lip print patterns were analysed based on the Tsuchihashi classification i.e. Type I, Type I’, Type II, Type III, Type IV &
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16

Daniel, Jibin Joy, Vaishnavi D, and Harshitha Kotian. "Runx2 gene single nucleotide polymorphism in Class II and Class III malocclusions." Journal of Dental Specialities 12, no. 2 (2024): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jds.2024.025.

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To assess the prevalence of RUNX2 gene polymorphism in skeletal class II and class III malocclusions. : Unstimulated salivary samples of 36 patients (18- 30 years of age group), comprising 18 with skeletal class II and 18 with skeletal class III were collected from a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore. Salivary DNA samples were collected and analyzed using Sanger sequencing. Digital tracing was performed on lateral cephalometric radiographs by using AutoCAD software for digitization to assess the anterio-posterior and vertical relationship of the maxillary and mandibular arch.When polymorphis
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17

Dong, Qiang, HaoYu Shi, Qi Jia, Yueyi Tian, Keqian Zhi, and Lu Zhang. "Analysis of Three-Dimensional Morphological Differences in the Mandible between Skeletal Class I and Class II with CBCT Fixed-Point Measurement Method." Scanning 2021 (May 7, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9996857.

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This study was aimed at determining the three-dimensional differences in the mandible morphology between skeletal class I and II patients, at exploring the pathogenic mechanisms and morphological characteristics of skeletal class II, and at providing clinical references. The subjects were assigned to two groups according to the size of ANB angle: skeletal class I ( 2 ° &lt; ANB angle &lt; 5 ° ) and skeletal class II ( 5 ° &lt; ANB angle &lt; 8 ° ). After cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning, 31 landmarks and 25 measurement items were determined by In Vivo Dental 5.1 software (Anatomag
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18

Popa, G., D. C. Bratu, A. C. Podariu, B. Dragoş, M. M. Luca, and S. I. Pop. "Cephalometric analysis of the upper airway in adult Caucasians with skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusion." Medicine in Evolution 28, no. 1 (2022): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.70921/medev.v28i1.1098.

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Aim and objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal anteroposterior space width in adult Caucasians with skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusion, using several linear cephalometric measurements. Material and methods: Our retrospective study included a total of 60 lateral cephalometric radiographs from adult patients (31 females and 29 males), with skeletal Class I and skeletal Class II malocclusion, aged 18 to 34 years. The skeletal pattern was assessed using Steiner’s ANB angle. The pharyngeal width measurements included the width of the nasopharyn
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19

Achalli, Sonika, U. S. Krishna Nayak, Murali P S, Keerthan Shashidhar, and Vinayak Kamath. "Comparative evaluation of dermatoglyphic patterns between skeletal class I and skeletal class III malocclusion." F1000Research 12 (January 10, 2023): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.127895.1.

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Background: Dermatoglyphics is the study of various dermal configurations on the fingers, palms, and soles. These appear during the 12th week of intrauterine life and develop completely by the 24th week. It is said that they remain constant thereafter. The aim of the present study was to compare and assess the association of dermatoglyphic patterns between skeletal class I and skeletal class III malocclusion. Methods: Finger and palm prints were collected using the ink and roller method from 604 subjects who were divided into skeletal class I, class III with maxillary retrognathism and class I
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20

Sonam, Rastogi, Goyal Manish, and Kumar Mukesh. "An Analysis of Corneal Thickness and Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness in Predicting Skeletal Class I Vs Class II Patterns - A Correlative Study." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 17, no. 32 (2024): 3388–95. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v17i32.1892.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong>&nbsp;To identify correlation between skeletal Class I and Class II pattern based on corneal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.&nbsp;<strong>Methods:</strong>&nbsp;A total of seventy subjects were enrolled in the study with age ranging from 14-20 years. Using five orthodontic parameters (ANB, W, Yen, NA, NB) subjects were equally divided into two groups (Class I , Class II). Eye parameters (Corneal thickness and Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness) of each subject were measured and correlated with each skeletal pattern. Following the compila
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21

Achalli, Sonika, U. S. Krishna Nayak, Murali P S, Keerthan Shashidhar, and Vinayak Kamath. "Comparative evaluation of dermatoglyphic patterns between skeletal class I and skeletal class III malocclusion." F1000Research 12 (April 3, 2023): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.127895.2.

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Background: Dermatoglyphics is the study of various dermal configurations on the fingers, palms, and soles. These appear during the 12th week of intrauterine life and develop completely by the 24th week. It is said that they remain constant thereafter. The aim of the present study was to compare and assess the association of dermatoglyphic patterns between skeletal class I and skeletal class III malocclusion. Methods: Finger and palm prints were collected using the ink and roller method from 604 subjects who were divided into skeletal class I, class III with maxillary retrognathism and class I
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22

Dileep, Soorya, MaimoonaAbdul Khader, Hashim Ali, DenisK Paul, Milna Narayan, and Adarsh Jayan. "Cranial base parameters in adults with skeletal class I and class II skeletal pattern." journal of orthodontic science 11, no. 1 (2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_8_22.

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23

Imtiaz, Annam, and Ch Rehan Qamar. "Facial Profile Convexity in Skeletal Class II Malocclusion: How Soft Tissue Angle of Facial Convexity (SA-FC) Correlate with Angle ANB in Skeletal Class II Subjects." Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 31, no. 02 (2022): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25301/jpda.312.86.

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OBJECTIVE: The research was conducted to determine the correlation between Soft tissue angle of facial convexity (SA-FC) and angle ANB in skeletal class II malocclusion. The outcome of the study will help in determining if the routine consideration of ANB angle while the lack of defined thresholds for convexity of soft tissue profile justified for choosing the treatment modality. METHODOLOGY: Lateral cephalograms of 141 skeletal class II subjects (ANB&gt;4°) were obtained. Angular parameters including soft tissue angle of facial convexity (SA-FC) and angle ANB were determined. Gender dimorphis
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Thamran, Brandon, and Mimi Marina Lubis. "Perbedaan ukuran sinus maksilaris pada maloklusi kelas I, II, dan III skeletal ditinjau dari radiografi sefalometriThe difference in the maxillary sinus size of skeletal class I, II, and III malocclusions in terms of cephalometric radiographs." Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran 33, no. 1 (2021): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jkg.v33i1.30240.

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Pendahuluan: Ukuran sinus maksilaris dapat dipengaruhi maloklusi skeletal, oleh karena itu pengetahuan dalam perkembangan dan ukuran sinus maksilaris penting dalam diagnosa dan menentukan rencana perawatan kasus maloklusi. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis perbedaan rerata ukuran sinus maksilaris pada maloklusi kelas I, II, dan III skeletal pada laki-laki dan perempuan. Metode: Jenis penelitian Penelitian deskriptif analitik dilakukan pada 96 pasien RSGM USU usia 18-35 tahun dengan Teknik purposive sampling, terdiri dari 27 relasi rahang Kelas I, 31 Kelas II dan 22 Kelas III. Subjek diperol
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Chen, Yunqing, and Binbin Zhao. "Comparison and analysis of alveolar bone structure characteristics in skeletal Class II and Class III malocclusion in the mandibular incisor region." Medicine 103, no. 48 (2024): e40184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000040184.

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The aim of this study was to explore the differences in alveolar bone structure characteristics in skeletal class II and class III malocclusion in the mandibular incisor region. From January 2021 to November 2023, 100 cases of skeletal malocclusion patients were selected from our hospital, including 56 cases of skeletal Class II malocclusion and 44 cases of skeletal Class III malocclusion. The alveolar bone structure characteristics in the mandibular incisor region of skeletal class II and class III malocclusion patients are compared. The labial alveolar bone attachment height and lingual alve
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Gumussoy, Ismail, Suayip Burak Duman, Ozkan Miloglu, et al. "Comparative Morphometric Study of the Occipital Condyle in Class III and Class I Skeletal Malocclusion Patients." Diagnostics 14, no. 23 (2024): 2688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232688.

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Objectives: Since the formation of skeletal malocclusions is closely linked to general craniofacial development, it is crucial to understand the anatomy and growth patterns of the skull base. This study aimed to assess the morphometry of the occipital condyle (OC) on CBCT scans of Class III skeletal malocclusion subjects and compare the findings with those of skeletal Class I malocclusion subjects. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on CBCT images based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample consisted of 76 CBCT images of 38 skeletal Class III patients and 38 s
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Kolokitha, Olga-Elpis, and Thomas Georgiadis. "Differential Diagnosis of Skeletal Class III." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 23, no. 2 (2019): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2019-0011.

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Summary Skeletal Class III is a relatively rare malocclusion of the craniofacial complex and the accurate differential diagnosis of its aetiology is necessary so that it may be correctly treated. Differential diagnosis of Class III aetiopathogenesis should distinguish between: a) true skeletal Class III as opposed to pseudo Class III; b) three forms of Skeletal Class III, in which there is either maxillary deficiency only or mandibular excess only or combination of both; and c) skeletal Class III that may be treated with orthodontic treatment alone, as opposed to Class III that is difficult to
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Khalid, Asia, Faisal Rasheed, and Zubair H. Awaisi. "Assessment of Palatal Height Index and palatal form in different malocclusions in adult patients visiting Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 11, no. 2 (2021): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v11i2.43271.

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Introduction: This study was conducted to evaluate the palatal height index in different malocclusion because of appearance of variable palatal heights &amp; palatal forms Materials &amp; Method: In this study 108 adult subjects (41 males, 67 females), age ranges from 13-28yrs, were randomly selected from Orthodontic Department In Nishtar Institute of Dentistry Multan. Their impressions were taken by the Alginate and dental casts were formed and lateral cephalograms were collected. One sample t test was used to calculate the results. Result: Descriptive statistics showed mean palatal index of
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Rajkumar, Balaji, Ratna Parameswaran, Mary Sanjana, Srinivasan Boovaraghavan, and Devaki Vijayalakshmi. "Evaluation of Pharyngeal Airway Volume Three-Dimensionally in Various Sagittal Skeletal Patterns - Systematic Review." Indian Journal of Dental Research 34, no. 2 (2023): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_338_22.

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To investigate the pharyngeal airway volume in different anteroposterior skeletal malocclusions. This study was prepared according to the Cochrane criteria for creating a systematic review and meta-analysis and confirms the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. This search was conducted to answer the patient/population, intervention, comparison and outcomes (PICO) question: To evaluate (outcome) and compare (comparison) whether there is a difference in airway volume in patients (participants) with different skeletal malocclusions diagnosed using
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Prasetyawati, Fila, Abdul Gofur, and Umie Lestari. "Skeletal Malformation on Balb-C Foetal Mice (Mus musculus) Administered by Immature Pineapple Fruits Extract." KnE Life Sciences 3, no. 4 (2017): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v3i4.691.

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&lt;p class="Els-Abstract-text"&gt;Nutrients for pregnant woman affect the development of foetus in the womb. Pineapple has bromelain enzyme which benefit in medicinal uses, but it can be considered as teratogenic agents due to its proteolytic activities. The period of organogenesis is the critical period in foetal development. Examination of foetal anatomy is still a fundamental part of teratological studies despites of modern molecular techniques. Molecular techniques can be done by conducting the skeletal proteome analysis to evaluate the teratogenic effects on the foetal skeleton. This res
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Nouh, AbdallahS, HM Abdel Majeed, and EssamMohamed Nassef Selim. "Evaluation of smile characteristics of skeletal Class III compared to skeletal Class I female adults." journal of orthodontic science 10, no. 1 (2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_79_20.

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Oz, Ulas, and Meliha Rubenduz. "Craniofacial differences between skeletal Class II and skeletal Class I malocclusions according to vertical classification." international journal of stomatology & occlusion medicine 4, no. 3 (2011): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12548-011-0021-8.

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Hovhannisyan, Anahit, Jolanta Kostrzewa-Janicka, Małgorzata Zadurska, and Elżbieta Mierzwińska-Nastalska. "Development and growth of the facial skeleton in individual skeletal classes in the human population. Literature review." Forum Ortodontyczne 14, no. 1 (2018): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0543.

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Studies regarding development of the facial skeleton and understanding of morphogenetic background of various types of skeletal classes are important not only from a cognitive point of view, but also from a clinical one, in relation to treatment of patients according to a personal phenotype. Aim. This paper aimed to present a review of literature regarding development and growth of the facial skeleton in the aspect of skeletal classes. Material and methods. A review of the literature from the years 2001– 2016 was conducted using the PubMed database. Key words used to search for articles includ
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Prasanna Arvind T R, Navaneethan Ramasamy, and Sri Rengalakshmi. "Evaluation of Facial Esthetics using Golden Proportion Values in Dravidian Population for Different Classes of Malocclusions." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (2020): 418–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.3850.

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Improvement in esthetic appearance and functional occlusion are the pillars of contemporary orthodontic procedures. The aim of this study was to assess variations in facial proportions between skeletal classes I, II, III populations in order to establish objective departures from Golden Proportion norms. The study sample was divided into three groups based on the skeletal malocclusion, namely skeletal class I, class II and class III groups. Various markers were identified in these photographs in order to define facial symmetry and balance with the ideal values. Golden Proportion values were co
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Bedolla-Gaxiola DDS, Hilda Alejandra, David Garrigós-Esparza DDS, Juan Carlos Hernández-Cabanillas DDS, MS, Miguel Ángel Rosales-Berber DDS, Amaury Pozos-Guillén DDS, PhD, and José Arturo Garrocho-Rangel DDS , PhD. "Quick Correction of a Skeletal Class III Maloclussion in Primary Dentition with Face Mask Plus Rapid Maxillary Expansion Therapy." Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences 20, no. 2 (2018): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/ijds.v0i0.32381.

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Skeletal Class III is a malocclusion characterized by anterior crossbite as a result of an abnormal skeletal maxillary and mandibular base discrepancy, which involves disharmony of craneofacial skeleton and profile. The preferred management for children having skeletal Class III malocclusion with retruded maxilla and/or prognathic mandible is the use of devices that encourage the growth and anterior movement of the maxilla bone and/or restrict the exessive mandible growth. The orthopedic treatment consisting of a face mask with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) produces the most dramatic results
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Bedolla-Gaxiola DDS, Hilda Alejandra, David Garrigós-Esparza DDS, Juan Carlos Hernández-Cabanillas DDS, MS, Miguel Ángel Rosales-Berber DDS, Amaury Pozos-Guillén DDS, PhD, and José Arturo Garrocho-Rangel DDS , PhD. "Quick Correction of a Skeletal Class III Maloclussion in Primary Dentition with Face Mask Plus Rapid Maxillary Expansion Therapy." Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences 20, no. 2 (2018): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/ijds.v20i2.32381.

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Skeletal Class III is a malocclusion characterized by anterior crossbite as a result of an abnormal skeletal maxillary and mandibular base discrepancy, which involves disharmony of craneofacial skeleton and profile. The preferred management for children having skeletal Class III malocclusion with retruded maxilla and/or prognathic mandible is the use of devices that encourage the growth and anterior movement of the maxilla bone and/or restrict the exessive mandible growth. The orthopedic treatment consisting of a face mask with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) produces the most dramatic results
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Mishra, Rajiv Kumar, Om Prakash Kharbanda, and Rajiv Balachandran. "3D CBCT Evaluation of Condyle Position in Skeletal Class I & Class III Growing Subjects." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 7, no. 2 (2018): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v7i2.20153.

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Introduction: Evaluation of temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) anatomy and function is an essential part of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. It has been hypothesized that dental and skeletal malocclusions alter the functional loading of TMJ which can affect joint morphology.Objective: Three dimensional (3D) evaluation of condylar position using CBCT in skeletal Class I and Class III growing subjects.Materials &amp; Method: CBCT images of ten growing skeletal Class I &amp; ten Class III patients in the age range of 7-14 years were analyzed. 3D condylar position were evaluated represent
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Zohud, Osayd, Iqbal M. Lone, Kareem Midlej, et al. "Towards Genetic Dissection of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion: A Review of Genetic Variations Underlying the Phenotype in Humans and Future Directions." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 9 (2023): 3212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093212.

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Introduction: Skeletal abnormalities and malocclusions have varied features that impact populations globally, impairing aesthetics and lowering life quality. The prevalence of the Skeletal Class III disease is the lowest among all angle malocclusions, with varied prevalence across nations. Environmental, genetic, and societal factors play a role in its numerous etiologies. In this study, we conducted a thorough search across the published data relating to quantitative trait loci (QTL) and the genes associated with Class III progression in humans, discussed these findings and their limitations,
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Rhee, Sophia, Ji-Soo Song, Teo Jeon Shin, et al. "Distribution of Pediatric Malocclusion Patients in Seoul National University Dental Hospital." JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY 48, no. 2 (2021): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5933/jkapd.2021.48.2.140.

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A total of 580 patients, who visited and received an orthodontic diagnosis in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital from 2017 to 2019, were investigated in this study. The aim of this study was to evaluate skeletal patterns of pediatric orthodontic patients determined with lateral cephalometric analysis and to analyze the relationship between skeletal pattern and probable associated clinical features. Also, the modality of orthodontic treatment for each skeletal classification was investigated to aid in therapeutic decisions.&lt;br/&gt;Patients aged 7
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Pant, Bashu Dev, Anjana Rajbhandari, Resina Pradhan, and Manju Bajracharya. "Relationship between skeletal malocclusion and dental anomalies in Nepalese population." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 9, no. 1 (2019): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v9i1.25684.

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Introduction: Teeth eruption is important for the development of alveolar process which increases vertical height of the face and third molar is the last tooth to erupt in the oral cavity after birth. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between skeletal malocclusion and dental anomalies in Nepalese population.&#x0D; Materials &amp; Method: A sample of 170 patients with agenesis of at least one third molar was divided into four groups according to the third-molar agenesis pattern. Panoramic radiographs, lateral cephalograph and cast models were used to determine the skeletal mal
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Çakmak, B., and M. Rübendiz. "New Solution in the Treatment of Children with Class II Malocclusion: Biblock Appliance." Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 27, no. 8 (2024): 995–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_318_24.

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Background: A new design, the Biblock appliance, was developed for the functional treatment of Class II malocclusions. Aim: To compare the effects of Biblock appliance (BA) and Activator appliance (AA) on the skeleton, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue in Class II malocclusions. Methods: Thirty-five patients with mandibular retrognathia caused by skeletal Class II malocclusion and normodivergent growth pattern were included in this study. After selecting the BA group (n = 17, 8 boys and 9 girls, mean age = 12.08 ± 0.37 years), we selected the active control group treated with AA (n = 18, 9 boys a
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Viganó, Cristiane de Oliveira, Viviane Ekerman da Rocha, Laerte Ribeiro Menezes Junior, Luiz Renato Paranhos, and Adilson Luiz Ramos. "Rotation of the upper first molar in Class I, II, and III patients." European Journal of Dentistry 10, no. 01 (2016): 059–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.175696.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mean rotation of the upper first molar (U1st M) in cast models from nontreated patients presenting: Class I, skeletal Class II, dental Class II, and skeletal Class III, comparing with Class I orthodontically treated patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred cast models were evaluated with five groups, composed of nontreated Class I (n = 20), dental Class II (n = 20), skeletal Class II (n = 20), skeletal Class III (n = 20), and treated Class I (n = 20). Measurements were taken from photocopies of the upper arches. The angle formed
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Mahajan, Monika. "Need for treatment in all skeletal class III cases – A dilemma ? A case report." International Journal of Dental Research 5, no. 2 (2017): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijdr.v5i2.8199.

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AbstractSkeletal malocclusion affects dental and facial tissues. A complicating factor for diagnosis and treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion is its multifactorial etiology. Genetics play an important role in determining the facial morphology of an individual. Prediction of a skeletal class III based on morphology can play an important step in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. This case report further supports the significant role of genetics in skeletal class III malocclusion. As seen in our case the skeletal class III if left untreated does not detiorate but rather shows
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Sharma, Disha, Gaurav Thakur, Deepak Gurung, and Amrita Thakur. "Mandibular Symphysis Morphology and Dimensions in Different Anteroposterior Jaw Relationship in the Himachali Population." Dentistry and Medical Research 13, no. 1 (2025): 50–54. https://doi.org/10.4103/dmr.dmr_4_24.

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Introduction: The aim and objectives of this study were to assess the morphology and dimensions of the mandibular symphysis (MS) in different antero-posterior (AP) skeletal jaw relationships and to assess if the alveolar part of MS compensates for the skeletal relationship in the Himachali population. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 90 subjects (mean age 12 ± 4) who were referred to the department for orthodontic treatment. The study subjects were of Himachali ethnic origin, residents of Himachal Pradesh from the last three generations.
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Cheng, Jung-Hsuan, Chun-Ming Chen, Ping-Ho Chen, Szu-Ting Chou, Chin-Yun Pan, and Yu-Chuan Tseng. "Comparison of Pharyngeal Airway between Mandibular Setback Surgery Patients (Skeletal Class III) and Nonsurgery Patients (Skeletal Classes I and II)." BioMed Research International 2019 (March 17, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5012037.

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Purpose. We investigated the pharyngeal airway dimensions and their correlations in patients who underwent mandibular setback surgery versus those who did not. Materials and Methods. One hundred and sixty cephalometric radiographs (120 patients) were obtained from patients with three skeletal malocclusion classifications: Class I and Class II in the nonsurgery group and Class III in the surgery group (preoperative and postoperative cephalograms). The following dimensions were measured: nasopharyngeal airway (NOP), uvulopharyngeal airway (UOP), shortest distance from the posterior tongue to the
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Bhargava, Ananya, Apoorva Bhargava, and Imit Pal Saluja. "Exploring the association between dermatoglyphic patterns and malocclusion types – A case–control study." Saint's International Dental Journal 7, no. 2 (2023): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/sidj.sidj_12_23.

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ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: Dermatoglyphics is the study of fingerprints and skin patterns. During the intrauterine period, the development of dermatoglyphic patterns and dental hard tissues occurs at the same time. Dermatoglyphics has proved to be a potential tool in predicting dental anomalies. Hence, with the help of dermatoglyphics, we can explore the association between various dermatoglyphic patterns and types of malocclusion. Methods: A case–control study consisting of 150 children aged 12–14 years was selected. Based on the type of occlusion, the participants were grouped into
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Sangroula, Samikshya, Ravi Kumar Mahto, Rajeev Mishra, Suja Shrestha, and Dashrath Kafle. "Comparison of inter-radicular distance and buccal cortical bone thickness in Class I and Class II skeletal malocclusion patterns." Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 12, no. 2 (2022): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v12i2.51480.

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Introduction: Knowledge of the safe zone of mini-implant placement guides clinicians in choosing where to place mini-implants. Several studies evaluated the safe zone for mini-implants placement, but only a very few previous studies have taken different skeletal patterns into account when assessing measurements. Objective: The purpose of this cross-sectional, comparative study was to compare the inter-radicular distance and buccal cortical bone thickness in Class I and Class II skeletal malocclusion patterns. Materials and Methods: A total of 62 CBCT images of patients with Class I and Class I
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Begum Khan, Mohammadi, and Arjun Karra. "Severe Skeletal Class III Orthosurgical Correction." Journal of Orofacial Research 3 (2013): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10026-1111.

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Al-Azzawi, Arkan Muslim, Wisam Wahab Sahib, and Thaer Jaber Al-Khafaji. "Assessment of Skeletal and Dental Pattern of the Mandible of Class II Division 1 Malocclusion: Comparative Cephalometric Study." Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences 1, no. 1 (2011): 22–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36321/kjns.vi20111.2396.

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Background: Class II division 1 malocclusion represents the most common skeletal discrepancy which orthodontists see in daily practice. The understanding the morphology of the mandible is a key element in diagnosis and treatment planning in the field of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. This study provides new information about the skeletal and dental pattern of the mandible with class II division1, based on skeletal II for Iraqi adult sample aged (18 - 26) yearsin comparison with normal occlusion by means of cephalometric measurements used by clinical practitioners. (20) males and (21) f
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Starch-Jensen, Thomas, and Annette Dalgaard Kjellerup. "Anterior Mandibular Segmental Distraction Osteogenesis: A Case Report." Open Dentistry Journal 12, no. 1 (2018): 623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901814010623.

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Introduction: Skeletal Angle Class I patients with a severe dental Class II malocclusion are characterized by an unfavourable anterior-posterior relationship between the anterior dentoalveolar area and the skeletal base. Orthodontic alignment posing various treatment difficulties and surgical correction with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy may result in a compromised facial profile. Hence, anterior mandibular segmental distraction osteogenesis has been proposed as an alternative treatment modality for solving facial esthetics, anterior tooth crowding and an unfavourable relationship between
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