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1
Streletz, Leopold J. "Eastern association of electroencephalographers, 48th Laurentian ski meeting." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 70, no. 2 (August 1988): P39—P44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(88)90127-7.
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Streletz, L. J. "Eastern Association of Electroencephalographers, 47th annual ski meeting." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 69, no. 3 (March 1988): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(88)90141-1.
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McBride, Margaret C. "Eastern association of electroencephalographers, 51st annual ski meeting." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 79, no. 4 (October 1991): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(91)90133-o.
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McBride, Margaret C. "Eastern Association of Electroencephalographers, 52nd annual ski meeting." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 83, no. 2 (August 1992): P16—P18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(92)90043-h.
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Alsop, Janet, Sue Burlatschenko, Sophie Gouveia, and Karen Gowdy. "Should helmets be mandatory for skiers and snowboarders in Ontario?" Environmental Health Review 56, no. 02 (August 1, 2013): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5864/d2013-016.
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Every year, approximately 15% of Canadians participate in snow sports. Among skiers and snowboarders, 9%–19% suffer potentially disabling injuries to the head. Case-control studies have shown that ski helmets can reduce the risk of head injury by 29%–60%. Opponents of mandatory ski helmet use have presented a series of arguments against ski helmets. However, numerous studies have demonstrated that ski helmets improve the safety of skiers and represent a benefit. Currently, there is no ski helmet legislation in Ontario. Few jurisdictions have legislation mandating the use of ski helmets. In Canada, only Nova Scotia has legislation regarding the use of ski helmets. In Canada, there are no mandatory safety standards for the manufacturing of ski helmets despite the publication of standards by the Canadian Standards Association in 2008.
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Cigrovski, Vjekoslav, Ivan Radman, Erkut Konter, Mateja Očić, and Lana Ružić. "Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning." Sports 6, no. 3 (September 14, 2018): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6030096.
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(1) Background: Individuals’ psychological traits can influence not just success in sport but also the ability to learn new motor skills. We investigated whether sport courage, worry and fear differ between alpine ski-naive and basic level skiers and how they affect ski learning. (2): A total of 337 students (249 ski-naive and 88 basic level) participated in research consisting of a four-part questionnaire and structured skiing program. (3) Results: For beginners, lower fear (r = −0.30, p < 0.01) and higher Self-efficiency (r = 0.28, p < 0.05) and mastery (r = 0.20, p < 0.01) were associated with better performance; reducing fear and increasing self-efficiency and worry increased performance. Experienced skiers were better in determination, mastery, and self-efficiency (all p < 0.05). In case of lower score in worry (r = −0.28, p < 0.01) and higher in self-efficiency (r = 0.22, p < 0.05) performance was better. Males scored higher in sport courage scale-31 (all p < 0.05). In particular, self-efficiency was associated with better (r = 0.39, p < 0.01), and higher fear with poorer performance (r = −0.33, p < 0.01). Moreover, self-efficiency was a predictor of ski success (p < 0.001). On the other hand, females like ski beginners scored higher in fear (p < 0.001). In females, determination, mastery and self-efficiency had a positive correlation with skiing (r = 0.21, p < 0.05, r = 0.28, p < 0.01, and r = 0.33, p < 0.01, respectively), while association between Fear and skiing (r = −0.46, p < 0.01) was negative, and fear (p < 0.001) was inversely related to success. (4): Conclusions: Psychological factors and gender differences need to be considered during learning phases of alpine skiing. There is a positive association between self-efficiency and performance of male ski beginners, and negative association between fear and achieved results in basic alpine ski school in case of female ski beginners.
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McBride, Margaret C. "Eastern Association of Electroencephalographers, 54th ski meeting, 48th annual meeting." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 91, no. 4 (October 1994): P121—P124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(94)90185-6.
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An, Hongmin, Cunde Xiao, and Minghu Ding. "The Spatial Pattern of Ski Areas and Its Driving Factors in China: A Strategy for Healthy Development of the Ski Industry." Sustainability 11, no. 11 (June 4, 2019): 3138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113138.
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The development of ski areas would bring socio-economic benefits to mountain regions. At present, the ski industry in China is developing rapidly, and the number of ski areas is increasing dramatically. However, the understanding of the spatial pattern and driving factors for these ski areas is limited. This study collected detailed data about ski areas and their surrounding natural and economic factors in China. Criteria for classification of ski areas were proposed, and a total of 589 alpine ski areas in China were classified into three types: ski resorts for vacationing (va-ski resorts), ski areas for learning (le-ski areas) and ski parks to experience skiing (ex-ski parks), with proportions of 2.1%, 15.4% and 82.5%, respectively, which indicated that the Chinese ski industry was still dominated by small-sized ski areas. The overall spatial patterns of ski areas were clustered with a nearest neighbor indicator (NNI) of 0.424, in which ex-ski parks and le-ski areas exhibited clustered distributions with NNIs of 0.44 and 0.51, respectively, and va-ski resorts were randomly distributed with an NNI of 1.04. The theory and method of spatial autocorrelation were first used to analyze the spatial pattern and driving factors of ski areas. The results showed that ski areas in cities had a positive spatial autocorrelation with a Moran’s index value of 0.25. The results of Local Indications of Spatial Association (LISA) showed that ski areas were mainly concentrated in 3 regions: the Beijing-centered Yanshan-Taihang Mountains and Shandong Hill areas, the Harbin-centered Changbai Mountain areas and the Urumqi-centered Tianshan-Altay Mountain areas. The first location was mainly driven by socio-economic factors, and the latter two locations were mainly driven by natural factors. Ski tourism in China still faces many challenges. The government sector should strengthen supervision, develop a ski industry alliance, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the ski industry in the future.
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Berbeka, Jadwiga. "Regions Development Due to an Increase of Ski Product Attractiveness - The Role of Polish Association of Ski and Tourist Resorts." Ekonomiczne Problemy Turystyki 41 (2018): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/ept.2018.1.41-07.
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Bravou, Vasiliki, Anna Antonacopoulou, Helen Papadaki, Konstantina Floratou, Michalis Stavropoulos, Vasso Episkopou, Chariklia Petropoulou, and Haralabos Kalofonos. "TGF-β Repressors SnoN and Ski Are Implicated in Human Colorectal Carcinogenesis." Analytical Cellular Pathology 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/975602.
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Background: The TGF-β signaling repressors SnoN and Ski have been critically implicated in human cancer.Methods: To explore the role of SnoN and Ski in the development and progression of colorectal cancer we examined their protein expression profile by immunohistochemistry in a series of human colorectal adenomas, carcinomas and lymph node metastases. The mRNA expression of SnoN was also quantified by Real-Time RT-PCR.Results: SnoN and Ski were overexpressed both in adenomas with severe dysplasia and colorectal carcinomas. Protein expression was cytoplasmic and nuclear with predominant cytoplasmic localization. The subcellular localization was related differently to pathologic variables of colorectal carcinomas. Although there was no significant association of protein levels with tumor invasion and metastasis, a significant correlation of nuclear SnoN and Ski with β-catenin pathway was observed. Moreover, SnoN mRNA did not differ in carcinomas as compared to normal control and there was no correlation between SnoN protein and mRNA levels.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SnoN and Ski exert oncogenic effects in human colorectal carcinogenesis and their overexpression is implicated in early stage disease.
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Buller, David B., Peter A. Andersen, Barbara J. Walkosz, Michael D. Scott, Gary R. Cutter, Mark B. Dignan, Ilima L. Kane, and Xiao Zhang. "Enhancing Industry-Based Dissemination of an Occupational Sun Protection Program with Theory-Based Strategies Employing Personal Contact." American Journal of Health Promotion 26, no. 6 (July 2012): 356–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.110113-quan-22.
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Purpose. Industry-based strategies for dissemination of an evidence-based occupational sun protection program, Go Sun Smart (GSS), were tested. Design. Two dissemination strategies were compared in a randomized trial in 2004–2007. Setting. The North American ski industry. Subjects. Ski areas in the United States and Canada (n = 69) and their senior managers (n = 469). Intervention. Employers received GSS through a basic dissemination strategy (BDS) from the industry's professional association that included conference presentations and free starter kits. Half of the areas also received the enhanced dissemination strategy (EDS), in which project staff met face-to-face with managers and made ongoing contacts to support program use. Measures. Observation of program materials in use and managers' reports on communication about sun protection. Analysis. The effects of two alternative dissemination strategies were compared on program use using PROC MIXED in SAS, adjusted for covariates using one-tailed p values. Results. Ski areas receiving the EDS used more GSS materials (x̄ = 7.36) than those receiving the BDS (x̄ = 5.17; F = 7.82, p < .01). Managers from more areas receiving the EDS reported communicating about sun protection in employee newsletters/flyers (x̄ = .97, p = .04), in guest e-mail messages (x̄ = .75, p = .02), and on ski area Web sites (x̄ = .38, p = .02) than those receiving the BDS (x̄ = .84, .50, .15, respectively). Conclusion. Industry professional associations play an important role in disseminating prevention programs; however, active personal communication may be essential to ensure increased implementation fidelity.
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Gianfredi, Vincenza, Nicole Sibilla Mauer, Leandro Gentile, Matteo Riccò, Anna Odone, and Carlo Signorelli. "COVID-19 and Recreational Skiing: Results of a Rapid Systematic Review and Possible Preventive Measures." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 4349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084349.
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COVID-19 is a novel infectious disease which has rapidly spread around the globe, disrupting several aspects of public life over the past year. After numerous infection clusters emerged among travelers hosted in ski resorts in early 2020, several European countries closed ski areas. These measures were mostly upheld throughout the 2020 and 2021 winter season, generating significant economic loss for mountain communities. The aim of this rapid systematic review was to explore the association between recreational skiing and the spread of COVID-19. This review was conducted according to the WHO practical guidelines on rapid reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, MedRxiv and Promed-mail were screened to identify relevant scientific and grey literature published since the emergence of COVID-19. Among the 11 articles included, seven focused on cases recorded during the first epidemic wave, when COVID-19 containment measures were not yet mandatory. Most infection clusters could be directly linked to public gatherings which took place without the enforcement of restrictions. There is currently no evidence to suggest an association between COVID-19 spread and recreational skiing. It may be reasonable to consider the reopening of ski areas in compliance with strict rules and preventive measures.
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Fachrezzy, Fahmy, Iwan Hermawan, Uzizatun Maslikah, Haris Nugroho, and Eko Sudarmanto. "Profile Physical Fitness Athlete of Slalom Number Water Ski." International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51601/ijersc.v2i1.29.
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The purpose of this study was to find out the physical fitness profile of water ski athletes in the DKI Jakarta slalom number. This type of research is quantitative using descriptive methods. This study was conducted in Lake Sunter Jakarta, with a sample number of 41 male athletes slalom number. The instruments used in this study used physical fitness tests from the American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation (AAHPER) tests for sons while data analysis used descriptive frequency analysis. The results showed that the physical fitness of water skiers slalom numbers in the category of good or by 70.73%. Thus it can be concluded that the physical fitness of water skiers in the category is well-reviewed from the strength and endurance of the muscles of the arms and shoulders; endurance of the abdominal muscles; agility; power limbs; running speed; endurance of the heart.
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Quin, Gr�gory, and S�bastien Cala. "Un or blanc ... sonnant et tr�buchant. Les archives de l�Interassociation suisse pour le ski et de l�Association des �coles de ski suisse." Entreprises et histoire 93, no. 4 (2018): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/eh.093.0123.
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Chen, Qi, and Pearl Ann Reichwein. "The Village Lake Louise Controversy: Ski Resort Planning, Civil Activism, and the Environmental Politics of Banff National Park, 1964–1979." Sport History Review 47, no. 1 (May 2016): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/shr.2015-0015.
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A new ski resort village plan proposed for Lake Louise in Banff National Park triggered intense opposition at public hearings in 1972. Local proponents, backed by Imperial Oil, had entered into agreements to expand services at Lake Louise, which led to federal public consultations. We investigate Parks Canada’s early public consultation process and how it was institutionalized in federal policy making from 1964 to 1979. Public debate was significant and influenced political decisions in the Village Lake Louise controversy. The National and Provincial Parks Association of Canada, Bow Valley Naturalists, Environmental Law Association, mountain clubs, academics, and others advocated for protection as conservation lobbyists and the Government of Alberta also objected to the proposal, leading Minister Jean Chrétien to halt the plan. It was a win for citizens, environmentalists, and ecological integrity as Village Lake Louise debates became Canada’s town hall. Past environmental protection is relevant to civil society and public space in a moment of new approvals for massive ski hill industry expansions in national parks. Precedents in civil society and governance can inform understanding of public consultation and a new environmental politics.
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Cross, Matt R., Clément Delhaye, Jean-Benoit Morin, Maximilien Bowen, Nicolas Coulmy, Frédérique Hintzy, and Pierre Samozino. "Force output in giant-slalom skiing: A practical model of force application effectiveness." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): e0244698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244698.
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Alpine ski racers require diverse physical capabilities. While enhanced force production is considered key to high-level skiing, its relevance is convoluted. The aims of this study were to i) clarify the association between performance path length and velocity, ii) test the importance of radial force, and iii) explore the contribution of force magnitude and orientation to turn performance. Ski athletes (N = 15) were equipped with ski-mounted force plates and a global navigation satellite system to compute the following variables over 14 turns: path length (L), velocity normalized energy dissipation [Δemech/vin], radial force [Fr], total force (both limbs [Ftot], the outside limb, and the difference between limbs), and a ratio of force application (RF = Fr/Ftot). Data were course-averaged or separated into sectional turn groupings, averaged, and entered into stepped correlation and regression models. Our results support Δemech/vin as a discriminative performance factor (R2 = 0.50–0.74, p < .003), except in flat sections. Lower course times and better Δemech/vin were associated with greater Fr (R2 = 0.34–0.69 and 0.31–0.52, respectively, p < .032), which was related to both Ftot and RF (β = 0.92–1.00 and 0.63–0.81, respectively, p < .001) which varied in predictive order throughout the sections. Ftot was associated with increased outside limb force and a more balanced contribution of each limb (β = 1.04–1.18 and -0.65– -0.92, respectively, p < .001). Fr can be improved by either increasing total force output or by increasing technical effectiveness (i.e., proportionally more force radially) which should increase the trajectories available to the skier on the ski course.
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George, Annette A. "Managing ski resorts: the National Ski Areas Association (NSAA) of the United States’ 2001 and 2002 Annual Progress Reports on the Environmental Charter and the reaction from conservations groups." Managing Leisure 9, no. 1 (January 2004): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1360671042000194961.
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Koumoundourou, D. S., T. I. Kassimatis, and E. Tzorakoleftherakis. "Evaluation of Smad2/3 and Smad4 as inhibitors of estrogens and Ski protein as a predictive factor in T1, T2 N0 breast carcinomas." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.1543.
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1543 Background: Smad proteins are TGF-β intracellular substrates, and Ski protein is a negative regulator of TGF-pathway. Tamoxifen's inhibition in breast cancer cells is mediated through TGF-β and Smad proteins. The purpose of our study was to investigate the activation of Smad2/3, Smad4, and Ski proteins in breast carcinomas and correlate their expression with each other and with hormonal receptors, as well as with other clinicopathological parameters such as the tumor size and grade, and the Distant Disease Free and the Overall Survival. Methods: One hundred forty-seven paraffin-embedded specimens from 22 in situ and 125 invasive ductal node-negative carcinomas were used, for which we had a mean follow-up time of 96 months. ER and PR status, as well as the expression of Smad2/3, Smad4, and Ski proteins were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Staining of 5% of the tumor cells was adopted as a threshold. SPSS13 for windows was used for the statistical analysis of the results. Results: Smad2/3 and Smad4 were strongly correlated with each other (p < 0,001) and inversely correlated with patients’ DDFS (Kaplan-Meier plots, p = 0,004 for Smad2/3 and p = 0,026 for Smad4) and OS (Kaplan-Meier plots, p = 0,034 for Smad2/3 and p = 0,017 for Smad4). Smad2/3 was proved to be an independent prognostic factor in grade 1 tumors, while Smad4 was inversely correlated with PR expression (p = 0,028) and had a strong prognostic value in ER+ tumors (p = 0,02). Ski protein had a strong association with tumor grade (p < 0.001) and was found to be an independent prognostic factor in Cox regression analysis (p = 0,006, exp(B) = 4,98). Conclusions: Smad 2/3 and Smad 4 not only are tumor suppressor molecules, but also inhibit ER dependent gene expression. This inhibition is lost when Smad's expression is reduced, and that is a potent explanation for Smad 4 prognostic value in ER positive tumors. Moreover the correlation with PR expression, may be due to the fact that PR is an indicator of ER pathway's integrity and also to PR's enallaktiki activation by ER-β. From the other hand, Ski protein acts as an oncogene in breast carcinogenesis and contributes to the development of a more aggressive tumor phenotype. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Steidl-Müller, Lisa, Carolin Hildebrandt, Martin Niedermeier, Erich Müller, Michael Romann, Marie Javet, Björn Bruhin, and Christian Raschner. "Biological Maturity Status, Anthropometric Percentiles, and Core Flexion to Extension Strength Ratio as Possible Traumatic and Overuse Injury Risk Factors in Youth Alpine Ski Racers: A Four-Year Prospective Study." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 29, 2020): 7623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217623.
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The aim of the present study was to investigate prospectively the role of biological maturity status, anthropometric percentiles, and core flexion to extension strength ratios in the context of traumatic and overuse injury risk identification in youth ski racing. In this study, 72 elite youth ski racers (45 males, 27 females) were prospectively observed from the age of 10 to 14 years. Anthropometric parameters, biological maturity status, and core flexion to extension strength ratios were assessed twice per year. Type and severity of traumatic and overuse injuries were prospectively recorded during the 4 years. Generalized estimating equations were used to model the binary outcome (0: no injury; 1: ≥1 injury). Factors tested on association with injury risk were sex, relative age quarter, age, maturity group, puberty status, core flexion to extension strength ratio, height percentile group, and weight percentile group. In total, 104 traumatic injuries and 39 overuse injuries were recorded. Age (odds ratio (OR) = 3.36) and weight percentile group (OR = 0.38) were significant risk factors for traumatic injuries (tendency: pubertal status). No significant risk factor for overuse injuries was identified (tendency: maturity group, puberty status, height percentile group). Future studies should focus on identifying risk factors for overuse injuries; growth rates might be of importance.
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Kapłon, Jerzy. ""Watra" Ski Section of the Branch of the Polish Tatra Association "Beskid Śląski" in Cieszyn during the 1920(1921)–1950." Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna 13, no. 2 (2014): 71–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/kf.2014.13.05.
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Vonnard, Philippe, and Sébastien Cala. "Playing with or without Politics: Studying the Position of East Germany within the FIS and FIFA from a Long-Term Perspective (1924–1962)." Sport History Review 51, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/shr.2019-0025.
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The present paper looks at the different positions two major international sport federations, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) and the Fédération Internationale de Ski (FIS), took with respect to East Germany during the 1950s. Because these positions were greatly influenced by FIFA’s and the FIS’s prior relations with Germany and by the challenges posed by global politics, this study begins by examining these relations during the interwar period. By combining information from the FIFA, FIS, and International Olympic Committee (IOC) archives with documents from the German national archives and articles published in Switzerland’s sporting press, the authors were able to highlight differences between the two federations’ approaches and show the need for studies to go beyond an IOC-centric approach.
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Rychel-Bielska, Sandra, Anna Surma, Wojciech Bielski, Bartosz Kozak, Renata Galek, and Michał Książkiewicz. "Quantitative Control of Early Flowering in White Lupin (Lupinus albus L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8 (April 8, 2021): 3856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083856.
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White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is a pulse annual plant cultivated from the tropics to temperate regions for its high-protein grain as well as a cover crop or green manure. Wild populations are typically late flowering and have high vernalization requirements. Nevertheless, some early flowering and thermoneutral accessions were found in the Mediterranean basin. Recently, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) explaining flowering time variance were identified in bi-parental population mapping, however, phenotypic and genotypic diversity in the world collection has not been addressed yet. In this study, a diverse set of white lupin accessions (n = 160) was phenotyped for time to flowering in a controlled environment and genotyped with PCR-based markers (n = 50) tagging major QTLs and selected homologs of photoperiod and vernalization pathway genes. This survey highlighted quantitative control of flowering time in white lupin, providing statistically significant associations for all major QTLs and numerous regulatory genes, including white lupin homologs of CONSTANS, FLOWERING LOCUS T, FY, MOTHER OF FT AND TFL1, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4, SKI-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1, and VERNALIZATION INDEPENDENCE 3. This revealed the complexity of flowering control in white lupin, dispersed among numerous loci localized on several chromosomes, provided economic justification for future genome-wide association studies or genomic selection rather than relying on simple marker-assisted selection.
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Levandovska, Dovgan, and Banakh. "THE SIGNIFICANCE OF KREMENETS LYCEUM IN PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS DEVELOPMENT IN VOLYN IN INTERWAR PERIOD." Scientific bulletin of KRHPA, no. 12 (2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37835/2410-2075-2020-12-4.
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A special role in the development of a new educational system in West Volyn was given to the Kremenets Lyceum, in which physical education occupied an important place in upbringing process. The Lyceum created a clear system of physical education. Interclass collectives with the same level of physical development were formed, which allowed to differentiate approach to the process of physical training. The division of pupils into such groups created close contact with physical education teachers. The Lyceum created the team, whose pupils participated in various competitions, and in 1936, interschool sports club, which had its statute and leadership. Lyceum teams took part in competitions not only in Kremenets, but also in other towns. Jan Targonsky, Galina Falkovska and Julian Kozlovsky made a significant contribution into the development of physical culture and sports in Kremenets and Kremenets Lyceum. Professor Yulian Kozlovsky became a great popularizer of sports not only in the lyceum, but also among the town residents. He also participated in competitions, in the organization and judging of competitions of various levels in many sports. At his initiative, thanks to the organization of annual competitions, which took place alternately in Rydzyn and Kremenets educational institutions, there was a rapprochement of student youth. On December 29, 1931, the Section of State Defense and Physical Education of the Association of Public Organizations was established in Kremenets, the tasks of which were to unite the joint efforts of the organizations. Thanks to the enthusiasm of schoolchildren, the ski movement gained popularity and went into the extracurricular sphere. The production of ski equipment on machines in school workshops helped to reduce its price and made it possible to involve first-graders and then older sections of the population in skiing. Key words: Volyn, Kremenets Lyceum, interwar period, physical culture and sports.
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Nandy, Arnab, Sankar K. Das, Sumit Roy, and Shreyasi Das. "Deviation of paradigmatic mutations found in shprintzen-goldberg syndrome." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20195756.
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Shprintzen-Goldberg (S-G) Syndrome known as rare congenital connective tissue disorder where craniosynostosis and marfanoid habitus found to be the usual presentation. Craniofacial dysmorphism with multi-organ involvement documented to be amongst prominent features of this syndrome. Case characteristics is five-month-old male infant with craniosynostosis, and motor developmental delay was evaluated for congenital connective tissue disorder. Dysmorphic craniofacial features like dolichocephaly, triangular forehead, ocular hypertelorism, micrognathia and retrognathia were noticed besides congenital umbilical hernia, empty scrotal sac, clinodactyly with long slender fingers, hyper-mobile joints, hypotonia. Subsequent investigations revealed normal male karyotype (46, XY) while genetic analysis depicted missense mutations in six different genes. Conventionally, mutation in SKI gene reported for its’ associated with S-G syndrome where dysregulation of TGF-β signaling was discussed as the primary reason. In the present case discussed here, it was found to have polygenic mutational association where few novel genetic mutations were seen.
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Jung, Hyoung-Seok, Min J. Park, Yoo-Sun Won, Guen Y. Lee, Sujin Kim, and Jae S. Lee. "The correlation between shape of the sigmoid notch of the distal radius and the risk of triangular fibrocartilage complex foveal tear." Bone & Joint Journal 102-B, no. 6 (June 2020): 749–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.102b6.bjj-2019-1284.r1.
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Aims The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the shape of the distal radius sigmoid notch and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) foveal tear. Methods Between 2013 and 2018, patients were retrospectively recruited in two different groups. The patient group comprised individuals who underwent arthroscopic transosseous TFCC foveal repair for foveal tear of the wrist. The control group comprised individuals presenting with various diseases around wrist not affecting the TFCC. The study recruited 176 patients (58 patients, 118 controls). The sigmoid notch shape was classified into four types (flat-face, C-, S-, and ski-slope types) and three radiological parameters related to the sigmoid notch (namely, the radius curvature, depth, and version angle) were measured. The association of radiological parameters and sigmoid notch types with the TFCC foveal tear was investigated in univariate and multivariate analyses. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to estimate a cut-off for any statistically significant variables. Results Univariate analysis showed that the flat-face type was more prevalent in the patients than in the control group (43% vs 21%; p = 0.002), while the C-type was lower in the patients than in the control group (3% vs 17%; p = 0.011). The depth and version angle of sigmoid notch showed a negative association with the TFCC foveal tear in the multivariate analysis (depth: odds ratio (OR) 0.380; p = 0.037; version angle: OR 0.896; p = 0.033). Estimated cut-off values were 1.34 mm for the depth (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.725) and 10.45° for the version angle (AUC = 0.726). Conclusion The proportion of flat-face sigmoid notch type was greater in the patient group than in the control group. The depth and version angle of sigmoid notch were negatively associated with TFCC foveal injury. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(6):749–754.
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Fröhlich, Stefan, Seraina Pazeller, Afsaneh Safar Cherati, Erich Müller, Walter O. Frey, and Jörg Spörri. "Overuse injuries in the knee, back and hip of top elite female alpine skiers during the off-season preparation period: prevalence, severity and their association with traumatic preinjuries and training load." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 6, no. 1 (December 2020): e000892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000892.
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ObjectivesTo investigate knee, back and hip overuse injuries in top female elite alpine skiers during the off-season preparation, which has so far received little attention, and to assess their relationship with traumatic preinjuries and overall training load.MethodsA cohort of 26 females of the Swiss Alpine Ski-Team were prospectively surveyed by the use of the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre questionnaire. Along with the surveys also total training loads were monitored. Data on preinjuries were assessed retrospectively by baseline questionnaires and were verified by team medical records.Results57.7% of the female skiers suffered from at least one severe traumatic knee injury during their preceding career. The average 2-weekly prevalence of overuse injuries was highest for the knee, followed by the back and hip. Technique specialists (major giant slalom and slalom) were more prone to back overuse injuries than speed specialists (major super-G and downhill). The occurrence of knee overuse complaints was directly associated to previous severe traumatic knee injuries and athletes' total training hours.ConclusionIn top female elite alpine skiers, knee, back and hip overuse injuries are relatively frequent. Moreover, discipline preferences, previous traumatic injuries and the overall training load may play an important role for their manifestation.
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Young, Megan M., Yoshinori Takahashi, Osman Khan, Sungman Park, Tsukasa Hori, Jong Yun, Arun K. Sharma, et al. "Autophagosomal Membrane Serves as Platform for Intracellular Death-inducing Signaling Complex (iDISC)-mediated Caspase-8 Activation and Apoptosis." Journal of Biological Chemistry 287, no. 15 (February 23, 2012): 12455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111.309104.
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Autophagy and apoptosis are two evolutionarily conserved processes that regulate cell fate in response to cytotoxic stress. However, the functional relationship between these two processes remains far from clear. Here, we demonstrate an autophagy-dependent mechanism of caspase-8 activation and initiation of the apoptotic cascade in response to SKI-I, a pan-sphingosine kinase inhibitor, and bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor. Autophagy is induced concomitantly with caspase-8 activation, which is responsible for initiation of the caspase cascade and the mitochondrial amplification loop that is required for full execution of apoptosis. Inhibition of autophagosome formation by depletion of Atg5 or Atg3 results in a marked suppression of caspase-8 activation and apoptosis. Although caspase-8 self-association depends on p62/SQSTM1, its self-processing requires the autophagosomal membrane. Caspase-8 forms a complex with Atg5 and colocalizes with LC3 and p62. Moreover, FADD, an adaptor protein for caspase-8 activation, associates with Atg5 on Atg16L- and LC3-positive autophagosomal membranes and loss of FADD suppresses cell death. Taken together, these results indicate that the autophagosomal membrane serves as a platform for an intracellular death-inducing signaling complex (iDISC) that recruits self-associated caspase-8 to initiate the caspase-8/-3 cascade.
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Dimitriadou, Agapi, Nasia Chatzianastasi, Panagiota I. Zacharaki, MaryJane O’Connor, Samuel L. Goldsmith, Michael B. O’Connor, Christos Consoulas, and Stuart J. Newfeld. "Adult Movement Defects Associated with a CORL Mutation in Drosophila Display Behavioral Plasticity." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 5 (March 11, 2020): 1697–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.120.400648.
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The CORL family of CNS-specific proteins share a Smad-binding region with mammalian SnoN and c-Ski protooncogenes. In this family Drosophila CORL has two mouse and two human relatives. Roles for the mouse and human CORL proteins are largely unknown. Based on genome-wide association studies linking the human CORL proteins Fussel15 and Fussel18 with ataxia, we tested the hypothesis that dCORL mutations will cause adult movement disorders. For our initial tests, we conducted side by side studies of adults with the small deletion Df(4)dCORL and eight control strains. We found that deletion mutants exhibit three types of behavioral plasticity. First, significant climbing defects attributable to loss of dCORL are eliminated by age. Second, significant phototaxis defects due to loss of dCORL are partially ameliorated by age and are not due to faulty photoreceptors. Third, Df(4)dCORL males raised in groups have a lower courtship index than males raised as singles though this defect is not due to loss of dCORL. Subsequent tests showed that the climbing and phototaxis defects were phenocpied by dCORL21B and dCORL23C two CRISPR generated mutations. Overall, the finding that adult movement defects due to loss of dCORL are subject to age-dependent plasticity suggests new hypotheses for CORL functions in flies and mammals.
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Dashti, H. S., I. Daghlas, J. Lane, M. Udler, M. Garaulet, and R. Saxena. "0016 Genetic Basis of Daytime Napping and Consequence on Cardiometabolic Health." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.015.
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Abstract Introduction Although daytime napping is a common, evolutionarily conserved behavior, its genetic basis is unknown. Elucidating its genetic basis may clarify relevant underlying biological pathways and determine causal links with cardiometabolic health. Methods We performed a genome-wide association study of self-reported daytime napping using linear regression in adults of European ancestry in the UK Biobank (n=452,633) and assessed robustness of signals with accelerometer-derived daytime inactivity duration (n=84,671). Next, we conducted a phenome-wide association study in a hospital-based clinical biobank (n=30,683) using napping genome-wide polygenic score (GPS), and Mendelian randomization (MR) with cardiometabolic traits. To deconstruct the napping genetic variants, we applied a novel “soft clustering” Bayesian nonnegative matrix factorization method and generated partitioned cluster-specific polygenic risk scores (PRS). Results We identified 121 distinct genome-wide significant loci for daytime napping, with lead signals at or near genes KSR2 (kinase-suppressor of ras 2), HCRTR1/HCRTR2 (hypocretin-receptor 1/2), SKOR2 (SKI family transcriptional-corepressor 2), and MAPT (microtubule-associated protein tau), among others. The loci associated with accelerometer-derived daytime inactivity duration. Gene enrichment analyses pointed to pathways involved in neurogenesis and others including nervous system development and opioid signaling. Genetic overlaps were evident in a clinical biobank where highest, compared to lowest, decile of napping GPS associated with 30%, 40%, and 50% higher odds for essential hypertension, obesity, and nonalcoholic liver disease, respectively (P<0.0001). In MR, potential causal links were identified with higher diastolic blood pressure (2.67 mmHg per napping category-increase, 95% CI 1.62–3.23, P=6.80e-07), systolic blood pressure (3.65mmHg, 1.86–5.44, P=6.40e-05), and waist circumference (0.28 SD-units, 0.11–0.45, P=0.0015). The clustering of variants identified 3 robust clusters (cluster-1: “higher sleep propensity”; cluster-2: “more fragmented/inefficient night sleep”; cluster-3: “early sleep timing”). Only clusters 2 and 3 PRSs were associated with worse cardiometabolic health outcomes, including higher BMI, waist circumference, CRP, and triglycerides (all P<0.05). Conclusion These findings expand our understanding of the genetic architecture of napping implicating multiple biological pathways, indicating possible genetic overlap and causal links to cardiometabolic traits, and suggesting distinct nap-promoting mechanisms with differential associations with health outcomes. Support This work is supported by grants NIH-F32DK102323, NIH-4T32HL007901, NIH-R01DK107859, NIH-R35HL135818, and MGH Research Scholar Fund.
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Mahon, Francois-xavier, Johan Richter, Joelle Guilhot, Henrik Hjorth-Hansen, Antonio Almeida, Jeroen J. W. M. JWM Janssen, Jiri Mayer, et al. "Cessation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Treatment in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients with Deep Molecular Response: Results of the Euro-Ski Trial." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.787.787.
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Abstract Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have dramatically improved survival in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with a high proportion of patients reaching deep molecular responses (DMR). The effectiveness of stopping TKI treatment is a key question regarding the management of CML. Actually, in several studies, it has been proven that a substantial part of patients in DMR can safely and successfully stop TKI therapy. However, the exact preconditions for stopping CML treatments are not yet defined. This is the aim of the European stop TKI (EURO-SKI) trial (ClinicalTrials.gov numbers: NCT01596114). Methods: Chronic phase CML patients without prior TKI failure, treated with either imatinib, nilotinib or dasatinib, in DMR (BCR-ABL <0.01% on the international scale, MR4) for the duration of at least one year were proposed to stop TKI treatment. Molecular recurrence (MR) was defined by the loss of the major molecular response (MMR, BCR-ABL <0.1% IS) at any one point. We estimated molecular recurrence-free survival (MRFS) with the Kaplan-Meier method. The potential prognostic values for MR were tested by univariate and multivariable analyses and the cut-off was identified with the minimal p-value approach. Results: From June 2012 to December 2014, 821 CP CML patients were included in 11 European countries belonging to the European Leukemia Net (ELN). 750 patients had assessable molecular data (European standardization according to Cross et al, Leukemia 2012) for the estimation of MRFS. Of these patients, 348 lost MMR and 5 died in remission ; MRFS was 62% (95% confidence interval (CI): 59% - 67%) at 6 months (m), 56% (CI: 52% - 59%) at 12 m and 52% (CI: 48% - 56%) at 24 m on an "Intention to Treat Basis ". At the time of evaluation most patients regained DMR, and importantly, no progression to advanced disease phase was noted. A prognostic modelling was performed based on 448 patients treated with imatinib. Univariate analysis showed no significant association between age, gender, depth of molecular response (MR4.5 vs. no MR4.5) or any variable part of the Sokal, EURO, EUTOS, or ELTS scores and MMR status at 6 months after treatment stop. Treatment duration with imatinib and MR4duration prior to the stop were significantly (p<0.001) correlated with MMR status at 6 months. The odds ratio for treatment duration was 1.16 (95%-CI: 1.08-1.25), meaning that one additional year of treatment increases the odds to stay in MMR at 6 months by 16%. Molecular relapse-free survival at 6 months was 65.5% for imatinib treatment > 5.8 years and 42.6% for treatment ≤ 5.8 years. This cut-off was identified with the minimal p-value approach. A true pharmaco-economic study will be necessary but taking into account the number of months without treatment in 603 patients, Imatinib front line (with a median observation time of 24 m for patients still off treatment) and the cost of imatinib in each of the 11 European countries (range: 1.734-3.370 Euro per month) the total estimated savings amounted to 27.85 million Euro. Conclusion: Using standardized molecular monitoring, stopping TKI therapy in a very large cohort of CML-patients appears feasible and safe and high MRFS rates are achievable. Longer duration of imatinib-therapy (optimal ≥ 5.8 years) prior to TKI-stop is associated with a higher probability of MRFS. Taking into account the long follow-up without molecular relapse in the historical studies such as STIM1 (Etienne et al; JCO 2016) the "operational" cure of CML with oral TKI is an up-to-date issue. Disclosures Mahon: NOVARTIS PHARMA: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria; PFIZER: Honoraria; ARIAD: Honoraria. Richter:Ariad: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; BMS: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding. Almeida:BMS: Speakers Bureau; Shire: Speakers Bureau; Alexion: Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Berger:NOVARTIS PHARMA: Honoraria. Machova Polakova:Bristol Myers-Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Mustjoki:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; Ariad: Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding. Hochhaus:BMS: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; ARIAD: Honoraria, Research Funding. Saussele:NOVARTIS PHARMA: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Honoraria.
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Humaidi, Anis. "Historical Analysis on Fundamentalism Movement of High School Students in Kediri City East Java." Didaktika Religia 8, no. 1 (June 9, 2020): 157–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30762/didaktika.v8i1.1553.
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This article aims to reveal the historical roots and patterns of the fundamentalism movement among students in the City of Kediri. This article is based on the field a qualitative case study. Fundamentalism is a movement that is very close to radicalism. However, the spread of fundamentalism was also found in educational institutions. This article concludes that after going through a series of in-depth studies, this article concludes that historically it cannot be found when this fundamentalism movement began to spread in State Senior High School 1 (SMAN) and State Senior High School 2 (SMAN) Kediri. What is found is that there are Islamic study activities that have allegedly been around since the school began operating. Both in SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 Kediri, no definitive clue was given as to when the spread of the religious fundamentalism movement began. The fundamentalist movement patterns in SMAN 1 and SMAN 2 Kediri City have similarities, namely through Islamic study activities. In SMAN 1, Kediri City, there are SKI activities. Meanwhile, at SMAN 2 Kediri, there were a number of activities, such as PETUAH (Saturday Sunday Pesantren) BAO, Mabīt (the night of devotion), and Aqidah. There is also the At-Tholab association (a collection of several schools). Some of these activities are a forum for the spread of Islamic religious fundamentalism, which is claimed to teach Islamic teaching in accordance with the Qur’an and Hadīth.
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Madden, Kenneth, and Jocelyn Chase. "CLINICAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED SEDENTARY TIME IN VERY ACTIVE OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S167—S168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.598.
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Abstract Sedentary behavior (such as sitting) has been shown to be an independent risk factor for increased frailty and less successive aging, even in active individuals. Our study examined the clinical factors most associated with higher sedentary times (ST) in very active older adults. We recruited 54 adults from a Master’s ski team (Whistler, British Columbia; mean age 71.5±0.6 years, 55% female). Activity levels were measured using an accelerometer (SenseWear) worn continuously for 7 days. ST was defined as a lack of activity when not in the supine position, in order to exclude time spent sleeping. Potential predictor variables consisted of metabolic syndrome criteria (blood pressure, high density lipoprotein, waist circumference, triglyceride levels, fasting blood glucose), age, biological sex and heart rate. Predictors associated with ST (p<0.10) were entered into a stepwise multivariate regression model. Our subjects were extremely active, engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity for 2.6±0.2 hours per day, greatly exceeding current activity guidelines. Despite these high activity levels, they were also sedentary for an average of 9.4±0.2 hours per day. Our final minimum effective model showed that waist circumference had a significant association with ST (Standardized β = 0.36±0.13, p=0.007), explaining 18% of the variation in ST. People are often subjectively unaware of how long they spend sedentary. Our study suggests, that in addition to promoting leisure time physical activity, physicians should also objectively measure ST in highly active older patients with high waist circumferences.
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Björklund, Glenn, Marie Alricsson, and Ulla Svantesson. "Using Bilateral Functional and Anthropometric Tests to Define Symmetry in Cross-Country Skiers." Journal of Human Kinetics 60, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0107.
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the symmetry of anthropometry and muscle function in cross-country skiers and their association to vertical jumping power. Twenty cross-country skiers were recruited (21.7 ± 3.8 yrs, 180.6 ± 7.6 cm, 73.2 ± 7.6 kg). Anthropometric data was obtained using an iDXA scan. VO2maxwas determined using the diagonal stride technique on a ski treadmill. Bilateral functional tests for the upper and lower body were the handgrip and standing heel-rise tests. Vertical jump height and power were assessed with a counter movement jump. Percent asymmetry was calculated using a symmetry index and four absolute symmetry index levels. At a group level the upper body was more asymmetrical with regard to lean muscle mass (p = 0.022, d = 0.17) and functional strength (p = 0.019, d = 0.51) than the lower body. At an individual level the expected frequencies for absolute symmetry level indexes showed the largest deviation from zero for the heel-rise test (χ2 = 16.97, p = 0.001), while the leg lean mass deviated the least (χ2 = 0.42, p = 0.517). No relationships were observed between absolute symmetry level indexes of the lower body and counter movement jump performance (p > 0.05). As a group the skiers display a more asymmetrical upper body than lower body regarding muscle mass and strength. Interestingly at the individual level, despite symmetrical lean leg muscle mass the heel-rise test showed the largest asymmetry. This finding indicates a mismatch in muscle function for the lower body.
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McNally, Michael D. "FROM SUBSTANTIAL BURDEN ON RELIGION TO DIMINISHED SPIRITUAL FULFILLMENT: THE SAN FRANCISCO PEAKS CASE AND THE MISUNDERSTANDING OF NATIVE AMERICAN RELIGION." Journal of Law and Religion 30, no. 1 (February 2015): 36–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jlr.2014.34.
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AbstractIn Navajo Nation v. U.S. Forest Service, 535 F.3d 1058 (9th Cir. 2008), cert. denied, 129 S. Ct. 2763 (2009), the Ninth Circuit seated en banc found that federal approval of a plan by a ski resort to make artificial snow with treated sewage effluent on Arizona's San Francisco Peaks, a mountain massif held sacred by the Navajo, Hopi, and four other claimant tribes, did not violate their religious liberty under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA). The court accepted numerous factual findings about sincere religious exercise, but found federal approval of the scheme did not constitute a “substantial burden” on religion; rather, it only “decreased spiritual fulfillment” of tribal members. Despite a spirited dissent, the Ninth Circuit narrowly interpreted RFRA's language of “substantial burden” by making reference to the Supreme Court's 1988 holding in Lyng v. Northwest Cemetery Protective Association, 485 U.S. 439 (1988). This article shows how conventional wisdom about individualistic, subjective, and protean “spirituality” and in particular about “Native American spirituality” equips the court to denature highly specific and collective religious claims about the mountain by plaintiff tribes, and in turn to naturalize those claims as merely spiritual. Misrecognition of Native religions as Native spirituality then troubles the substantial burden analysis. While Navajo Nation suggests courts may never fully understand Native claims to sacred sites, the Supreme Court's 2014 holding in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, Inc., 134 S. Ct. 2751, 2759 (2014), opens the door to revisiting the interpretive posture spelled out in Navajo Nation, and the Ninth Circuit's interpretive approach to “substantial burden” bears revisiting.
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Dai, Yun, Shuang Chen, Rena Shah, Xin-Yan Pei, Li Wang, Jorge A. Almenara, Lora B. Kramer, Paul Dent, and Steven Grant. "Disruption of Src function potentiates Chk1-inhibitor–induced apoptosis in human multiple myeloma cells in vitro and in vivo." Blood 117, no. 6 (February 10, 2011): 1947–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-06-291146.
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Abstract Ras/MEK/ERK pathway activation represents an important compensatory response of human multiple myeloma (MM) cells to checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) inhibitors. To investigate the functional roles of Src in this event and potential therapeutic significance, interactions between Src and Chk1 inhibitors (eg, UCN-01 or Chk1i) were examined in vitro and in vivo. The dual Src/Abl inhibitors BMS354825 and SKI-606 blocked Chk1-inhibitor–induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation, markedly increasing apoptosis in association with BimEL up-regulation, p34cdc2 activation, and DNA damage in MM cell lines and primary CD138+ MM samples. Loss-of-function Src mutants (K297R, K296R/Y528F) or shRNA knock-down of Src prevented the ERK1/2 activation induced by Chk1 inhibitors and increased apoptosis. Conversely, constitutively active Ras or mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase 1 (MEK1) significantly diminished the ability of Src inhibitors to potentiate Chk1-inhibitor lethality. Moreover, Src/Chk1-inhibitor cotreatment attenuated MM-cell production of vascular endothelial growth factor and other angiogenic factors (eg, ANG [angiogenin], TIMP1/2 [tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1/2], and RANTES [regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted]), and inhibited in vitro angiogenesis. Finally, coadministration of BMS354825 and UCN-01 suppressed human MM tumor growth in a murine xenograft model, increased apoptosis, and diminished angiogenesis. These findings suggest that Src kinase is required for Chk1-inhibitor–mediated Ras → ERK1/2 signaling activation, and that disruption of this event sharply potentiates the anti-MM activity of Chk1 inhi-bitors in vitro and in vivo.
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Kapłon, Jerzy. "Karpackie Towarzystwo Narciarzy we Lwowie." Góry, Literatura, Kultura 12 (August 1, 2019): 251–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4107.12.15.
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The Carpathian Skiing Society in LvivVery few people interested in the history of Polish skiing realise that it began in the second half of the 19th century in Galicia. It was first in the Eastern Carpathians that skis began to be used by foresters wanting to move more easily in their work and slightly later by tourists in their highland treks. In the late 19th century skiers appeared in Lviv, where in the early 20th century the sport began to be promoted by the Popular Entertainment Society. This was also where various institutions dealing with skiing were established, institutions like the Skiing Section of the Czarni Sports Club and, above all, the Carpathian Skiing Society founded in early 1907, the first Polish association seeking to popularise skiing as its main objective. The society’s founders included Kazimierz Panek, Maksymilian Dudryk, Zygmunt Klemensiewicz, Roman Kordys and Eugeniusz Romer, i.e. well-known mountaineers, tourists or even skiers. In addition to popularising skiing, e.g. by conducting training courses and publishing various manuals, the Society soon brought about a construction of a hostel in Sławsko. The resort became a favourite among Lviv skiers because of the excellent skiing conditions and good railway connection to Lviv. Burned during the war in May 1915, it was quickly rebuilt after the war and faithfully served tourists throughout the interwar period. On the day of its reopening, 11 March 1923, the Polish Skiing Association organised the 4th Polish Skiing Championship in Sławsko. By establishing its regional branches, the Carpathian Skiing Society promoted tourism in the Carpathians, initially in Galicia, and then throughout the Carpathian region in the Second Polish Republic. Kraków was the seat of a branch of the Society, which gave rise to another association, another important contributor to the development of Polish skiing — the Tatra Skiing Society. In 1919 the two organisations, together with three others, founded the Polish Skiing Association. Initially, the Society was active both in sport and tourism; later, given the easier access to Alps-type mountains with better snow conditions the Tatras for skiers from Zakopane, skiers from the region achieved much better results than their Lviv counterparts. The most important sporting achievements that should be noted include the successes of Janina Loteczkowa, who for several years in the second half of the 1920s had no equals in Europe. The Society was represented at the St. Moritz Olympics by Franciszek Kawa. In addition, the Society was instrumental in the construction of a professional ski jumping hill in Lviv. The 1930s were marked by a clear turn towards tourism, resulting in the construction and opening, in 1936, of a mountain hostel on Maryszewska. It is worth stressing, therefore, that such a relatively small organisation its membership never exceeded 400 in one year could do so much for the development of skiing in Poland.
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Soranzo, Nicole. "Large Scale Discoveries of Genes and Polymorphisms Associated with Variation in Hematologic Traits." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): SCI—40—SCI—40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.sci-40.sci-40.
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Abstract Hematopoiesis generates mature blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in distinct lineages to release of trillions of mature cells each day into the peripheral blood stream to perform essential functions such as oxygen transport, hemostasis and host defense. The formation and turnover of blood cells are tightly controlled and so the properties of blood cells, including their volume and count, have large heritabilities and are easily influenced by genetic variation. Here we describe the most statistically powerful genome wide association study (GWAS) of blood cell indices to date. We tested associations of 29.5 million polymorphic DNA sequence variants derived using the the Affymetrix axiom array with interpolation of 20 million variants using the UK 10000 genome data with 36 different hematological indices of red cells, white cells and platelets, some of which, such as the reticulocyte count, have been explored for the first time. We discovered significant associations at thousands of associated genetic variants, including hundreds of associations for low frequency genetic variants, thus identifying associations with larger effects on indices than those reported for common variants by previous discovery studies. We have described detailed follow-up studies of the novel associations. Using cell type-specific epigenome and gene expression data generated by the BLUEPRINT project and results from chromatin conformation capture in major blood cell types, we can identify the likely causal variants and their functional impact at a large number of the novel loci. Finally, we have evaluated the contribution of genetic variants to common and complex diseases. In conclusion, we have interrogated phenotypes across the whole hematopoietic tree and increased the number of traits associated with blood cell phenotypes by an order of magnitude. Overall, our results demonstrate widespread and powerful genetic influences on the formation and regulation of the major human blood cell types, identifying many novel genes involved and show the value of genome-wide functional annotation from relevant primary cell populations for interpreting genetic association results. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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McBride, Margaret C. "Central and eastern associations of electroencephalographers, 53rd ski meeting." Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 87, no. 3 (September 1993): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4694(93)90129-j.
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Vainik, Uku, Kenn Konstabel, Evelin Lätt, Jarek Mäestu, Priit Purge, and Jaak Jürimäe. "Diet misreporting can be corrected: confirmation of the association between energy intake and fat-free mass in adolescents." British Journal of Nutrition 116, no. 8 (October 11, 2016): 1425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516003317.
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AbstractSubjective energy intake (sEI) is often misreported, providing unreliable estimates of energy consumed. Therefore, relating sEI data to health outcomes is difficult. Recently, Börnhorst et al. compared various methods to correct sEI-based energy intake estimates. They criticised approaches that categorise participants as under-reporters, plausible reporters and over-reporters based on the sEI:total energy expenditure (TEE) ratio, and thereafter use these categories as statistical covariates or exclusion criteria. Instead, they recommended using external predictors of sEI misreporting as statistical covariates. We sought to confirm and extend these findings. Using a sample of 190 adolescent boys (mean age=14), we demonstrated that dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-measured fat-free mass is strongly associated with objective energy intake data (onsite weighted breakfast), but the association with sEI (previous 3-d dietary interview) is weak. Comparing sEI with TEE revealed that sEI was mostly under-reported (74 %). Interestingly, statistically controlling for dietary reporting groups or restricting samples to plausible reporters created a stronger-than-expected association between fat-free mass and sEI. However, the association was an artifact caused by selection bias – that is, data re-sampling and simulations showed that these methods overestimated the effect size because fat-free mass was related to sEI both directly and indirectly via TEE. A more realistic association between sEI and fat-free mass was obtained when the model included common predictors of misreporting (e.g. BMI, restraint). To conclude, restricting sEI data only to plausible reporters can cause selection bias and inflated associations in later analyses. Therefore, we further support statistically correcting sEI data in nutritional analyses. The script for running simulations is provided.
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Braverman-Bronstein, Ariela, Philipp Hessel, Catalina González-Uribe, Maria F. Kroker, Francisco Diez-Canseco, Brent Langellier, Diego I. Lucumi, Lorena Rodríguez Osiac, Andrés Trotta, and Ana V. Diez Roux. "Association of education level with diabetes prevalence in Latin American cities and its modification by city social environment." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 75, no. 9 (February 4, 2021): 874–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-216116.
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BackgroundDiabetes prevalence continues to increase in urban areas of low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC). Evidence from high-income countries suggests an inverse association between educational attainment and diabetes, but research in LMIC is limited. We investigated educational differences in diabetes prevalence across 232 Latin American (LA) cities, and the extent to which these inequities vary across countries/cities and are modified by city socioeconomic factors.MethodsUsing harmonised health survey and census data for 110 498 city dwellers from eight LA countries, we estimated the association between education and diabetes. We considered effect modification by city Social Environment Index (SEI) as a proxy for city-level development using multilevel models, considering heterogeneity by sex and country.ResultsIn women, there was an inverse dose–response relationship between education and diabetes (OR: 0.80 per level increase in education, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.85), consistent across countries and not modified by SEI. In men, Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Chile and Mexico showed an inverse association (pooled OR: 0.92; 95% CI 0.86 to 0.99). Peru, Panama and El Salvador showed a positive relationship (pooled OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.49). For men, these associations were further modified by city-SEI: in countries with an inverse association, it became stronger as city-SEI increased. In countries where the association was positive, it became weaker as city-SEI increased.ConclusionSocial inequities in diabetes inequalities increase as cities develop. To achieve non-communicable disease-related sustainable development goals in LMIC, there is an urgent need to develop policies aimed at reducing these educational inequities.
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Lamontagne, Marie-Eve, Krista L. Best, Teren Clarke, Frederic S. Dumont, and Luc Noreau. "Implementation Evaluation of an Online Peer-Mentor Training Program for Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury." Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation 25, no. 4 (September 2019): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/sci19-00002.
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Background: Community-based spinal cord injury (SCI) associations play a critical role in successful community integration of individuals having experienced an SCI, with knowledge translation being increasingly important for the process. The implementation of a new online peer-mentor training program was perceived as being useful in improving and standardizing training practices for peer mentors across Canada. It was also seen as an opportunity to explore the context, process, and influence of a formal implementation process in SCI community-based associations that are corporate members of SCI Canada with a view to informing future implementation efforts. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to (a) explore the context in which the implementation process will be conducted, (b) identify barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation process, and (c) measure the influence of the implementation process on service delivery. Methods: A sequential cross-sectional design was used with SCI Canada provincial member associations. SCI Canada's purpose is to support collaboration among provincial corporate members. SCI Canada enlisted the participation of several employees from the provincial associations to assess the implementation context using the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale and the Organizational Readiness to Change Assessmen t and to identify barriers to and facilitators of the implementation of an evidence-based practice through an open-ended questionnaire based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. A pre-post design was used to evaluate the influence of the implementation process on peer-mentors using the Determinants of Implementation Behavior Questionnaire. Results: Participants reported an overall positive attitude toward evidence-based practice and a positive perception of the organizational readiness to change. The relevance of the practice chosen was a facilitator because peer support is central to the mission of SCI Canada and this type of practice is in line with the organization' culture and values. Equally important, but as an obstacle, is the scarcity of existing resources within the association in general and specifically resources devoted to the implementation of the program. Finally, the implementation process seems to influence half of the implementation determinant types on potential peer mentors. Conclusion: Community-based organizations, such as the provincial association members of SCI Canada, show positive context for the implementation of evidence-based practices. However, successful implementation of online peer-mentor training will require specific consideration of financial and human resources.
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Tinelle-Renault, Nadine, Liliane Blondeau, and Joselyne Drécourt-Mester. "Association Isis." Spirale 34, no. 2 (2005): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/spi.034.0089.
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Groudine, Mark T., Indika Rajapakse, David Scalzo, Michael Perlman, Charles L. Kooperberg, and Steven Kosak. "Dynamics of Genomic Organization." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): SCI—17—SCI—17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.sci-17.sci-17.
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Abstract Abstract SCI-17 We have investigated the relationships between lineage-specific gene expression, and total genomic organization during hematopoiesis. First, we determined the linear chromosomal distribution of genes that are co-regulated (identified via microarray analysis) when murine hematopoietic progenitor cells (FDCP-mixA) are differentiated to the erythroid and neutrophil lineages, as well as the organization of all chromosomes (in the form of rosettes) in the three cell types. Our analysis revealed a significant tendency for co-regulated genes to be proximal, which is related to the association of homologous chromosomes and the spatial juxtaposition of lineage-specific gene domains. This led us to hypothesize that the genome—at the level of chromosomes—may self-organize to facilitate coordinate gene regulation during cellular differentiation. We tested this hypothesis by applying the approaches of distance matrices and coupled oscillators to our datasets of gene expression and chromosomal associations from the differentiation of the progenitor to the erythroid and neutrophil lineages. Our analysis revealed that coordinate gene expression undergoes a phase transition—characterized by an increase in entropy—upon commitment of the progenitor. As differentiation continues, there is a gradual loss of entropy, culminating in a highly ordered state in the differentiated cell types. The coregulated gene sets of the semi-ordered progenitor and ordered erythroid and neutrophil lineages are significantly correlated with lineage-specific chromosomal association patterns. Furthermore, by transforming the gene expression networks along the time course to corresponding chromosomal association matrices, we found that chromosomal topologies change dynamically during differentiation but, as with gene expression, result in a more highly ordered state in the differentiated cell types. Our analysis demonstrates that the networks of co-regulated gene expression and chromosomal association are mutually related during differentiation, resulting in the self-organization of lineage-specific chromosomal topologies. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Shrestha, Hwang, Lee, Kim, Oh, Kwon, Hong, et al. "Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of BODIPY-PF-543." Molecules 24, no. 23 (December 2, 2019): 4408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234408.
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Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) regulates the proliferation of various cells and promotes the growth of cancer cells. Sphingosine kinase (SK), which transforms sphingosine into S1P, has two isotypes: SK1 and SK2. To date, both isotypes are known to be involved in the proliferation of cancer cells. PF-543, an SK1 inhibitor developed by Pfizer, strongly inhibits SK1. However, despite its strong SK1 inhibitory effect, PF-543 shows low anticancer activity in vitro. Therefore, additional biological evidence on the anticancer activity of SK1 inhibitor is required. The present study aimed to investigate the intracellular localization of PF-543 and identify its association with anticancer activity by introducing a fluoroprobe into PF-543. Boron–dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-introduced PF-543 has a similar SK1 inhibitory effect as PF-543. These results indicate that the introduction of BODIPY does not significantly affect the inhibitory effect of SK1. In confocal microscopy after BODIPY-PF-543 treatment, the compound was mainly located in the cytosol of the cells. This study demonstrated the possibility of introducing fluorescent material into an SK inhibitor and designing a synthesized compound that is permeable to cells while maintaining the SK inhibitory effect.
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Chełmecki, Jerzy, and Robert Gawkowski. "Warsaw’s contribution to the development of skiing in Poland in the interwar period." Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 4, no. 2 (2021): 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/sit.2021.04.10.
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The aim of the study is to present the development of skiing within institutions and associations established in Warsaw in the interwar period. In particular, it refers to organisations whose primary objective was to popularise skiing among their members by organising ski and ski instructor courses and staging sports competitions in Nordic and alpine skiing. The considerable popularity of skiing evidence the fact that there were 38 skiing sections active in Warsaw at that time. These sports clubs promoted lowland skiing, organised ski trips and courses in the Polish Carpathians. The popularity of sports competitions increased gradually. In the season 1929/1930, there were 9 skiing sections in Warsaw associated with PZN (Polish Ski Federation) and in the season 1937/1938 there were already 29. In the interwar period, Warsaw became the city with the biggest number of sports associations affiliated to PZN, despite the lack of mountains. As a subject of this research, Warsaw ski clubs were selected, whose activities significantly contributed to the popularization of skiing among citizens of Warsaw, and CIWF-AWF (Central Institute of Physical Education – University of Physical Education), which statutory aims covered the education of PE teachers the development of tourism and Polish sports in the whole country. Resources found in the Warsaw archives, analysis of the Warsaw press of the period, printed diaries, memoirs and studies on skiing were utilized for this research.
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VanDerwerker, Catherine Jefferson, Yue Cao, Chris M. Gregory, and James S. Krause. "Associations Between Doing Planned Exercise and Probable Major Depressive Disorder in Individuals Following Spinal Cord Injury." Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation 26, no. 1 (December 2020): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1310/sci2601-11.
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Background: In neurologically healthy individuals, exercise positively impacts depressive symptoms, but there is limited knowledge regarding the association between exercise behaviors and depression after spinal cord injury (SCI). Objective: To examine associations between doing planned exercise and probable major depressive disorder (PMDD) after SCI. Methods: Community-dwelling adults, who were one or more years post traumatic SCI, completed self-report assessments at baseline (Time 1) and an average of 3.29 years later (Time 2). Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess depressive symptoms. Participants self-reported frequency of doing planned exercise. There were 1,790 participants who responded at both Time 1 and 2. Associations were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: Prevalence of PMDD was 10% at Time 1 and 12% at Time 2. Only 34% of participants at Time 1 and 29% at Time 2 reported doing planned exercise three or more times per week. The majority of participants (47%) reported no change in frequency of doing planned exercise between Times 1 and 2. Significant risk factors for PMDD at Time 2 included low household income ( p = .0085), poor to fair self-perceived health ( p < .0001), and doing less planned exercise at Time 2 ( p = .0005). Meanwhile, number of years post injury ( p = .04), doing planned exercise three or more times per week at Time 1 ( p = .0042), and doing more planned exercise at Time 2 ( p = .0005) were associated with decreased odds of PMDD at Time 2. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that a negative association exists between doing planned exercise and PMDD post SCI. Future longitudinal studies are needed to further explain these findings.
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Anand, Sonia S., Jack V. Tu, Dipika Desai, Phillip Awadalla, Paula Robson, Sébastien Jacquemont, Trevor Dummer, et al. "Cardiovascular risk scoring and magnetic resonance imaging detected subclinical cerebrovascular disease." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 21, no. 6 (September 30, 2019): 692–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jez226.
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Abstract Aims Cardiovascular risk factors are used for risk stratification in primary prevention. We sought to determine if simple cardiac risk scores are associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected subclinical cerebrovascular disease including carotid wall volume (CWV), carotid intraplaque haemorrhage (IPH), and silent brain infarction (SBI). Methods and results A total of 7594 adults with no history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) underwent risk factor assessment and a non-contrast enhanced MRI of the carotid arteries and brain using a standardized protocol in a population-based cohort recruited between 2014 and 2018. The non-lab-based INTERHEART risk score (IHRS) was calculated in all participants; the Framingham Risk Score was calculated in a subset who provided blood samples (n = 3889). The association between these risk scores and MRI measures of CWV, carotid IPH, and SBI was determined. The mean age of the cohort was 58 (8.9) years, 55% were women. Each 5-point increase (∼1 SD) in the IHRS was associated with a 9 mm3 increase in CWV, adjusted for sex (P < 0.0001), a 23% increase in IPH [95% confidence interval (CI) 9–38%], and a 32% (95% CI 20–45%) increase in SBI. These associations were consistent for lacunar and non-lacunar brain infarction. The Framingham Risk Score was also significantly associated with CWV, IPH, and SBI. CWV was additive and independent to the risk scores in its association with IPH and SBI. Conclusion Simple cardiovascular risk scores are significantly associated with the presence of MRI-detected subclinical cerebrovascular disease, including CWV, IPH, and SBI in an adult population without known clinical CVD.
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Hobbs, Landon Kaleb, Darren Guffy, and R. Hal Flowers. "Diffuse Dermal Angiomatosis of the Breasts: A Case Series of 8 Patients." SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine 5, no. 3 (May 17, 2021): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.25251/skin.5.3.15.
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Background: Diffuse dermal angiomatosis (DDA) is a rare, reactive vascular disorder of the skin. Association with vascular disease, smoking, and large pendulous breasts has been reported. No standard of care exists but benefit with medication and reduction mammaplasty has been reported. Methods: We report a case of a 49-year-old obese female with a history of smoking who presented with DDA that improved with smoking cessation and pentoxifylline prior to reduction mammaplasty. We also performed a retrospective chart review of all patients with DDA seen at our institution between 2010 and 2020. Results: Eight female patients with DDA affecting the breasts were evaluated at our institution. The mean age was 49.5 years. Five of the patients noted symptoms at presentation. Obesity was seen in 7 (87.5%) patients and 5 (63%) had a smoking history. There was no significant difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups in regard to age, t4=-0.63, p=0.56, but BMI trended higher in the symptomatic group, t6=2.27, p=0.06. Three patients (38%) were noted to have fibromyalgia. All symptomatic patients saw improvement in their symptoms with treatments including reduction mammaplasty (1 patient), aspirin (1 patient), pentoxifylline (3 patients), smoking cessation (2 patients), and/or weight loss (1 patient). Conclusions: Our series is the second largest series of DDA of the breasts and confirms many reported associations including obesity, smoking, and large pendulous breasts. We report the first known case of improvement with weight loss as a sole intervention, as well as identify a novel potential association between DDA and fibromyalgia.
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Su, Gaofan, Ying Zhang, Ruyi Xiao, Tingting Zhang, and Binbin Gong. "Systemic immune-inflammation index as a promising predictor of mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a real-world study." Journal of International Medical Research 49, no. 5 (May 2021): 030006052110162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03000605211016274.
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Objective Prognostic indicators in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) would aid in decision-making and identifying high-risk patients. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has good prognostic value in many diseases; however, its use has not been reported for ACS. We aimed to determine the associations between the SII and outcomes in patients with ACS, with adjustment for confounders. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we used the MIMIC-III (Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care) database and the eICU Collaborative Research Database. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the SII and patient outcomes, and we conducted subgroup analysis and smooth curve fitting. Results We identified 4699 patients with ACS: 1741 women and 2949 men, mean age 82.8±29.7 years, and mean SII 72.58±12.9. For 30-day all-cause mortality, the unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of SII <69.4 and SII >88.8 were 1.25 (1.04, 1.50) and 1.38 (1.15, 1.65), respectively. With SII >88.8, this association remained significant after adjustment for numerous potential confounders: HR 1.27 (1.06, 1.52). A similar relationship was observed for 90-day and 1-year all-cause mortality. Conclusions SII is a promising prognostic indicator for unselected patients with ACS. This finding needs to be confirmed in prospective studies.
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Hongye, Fan. "The Association Between Ren Hongjun and Hu Shi." Chinese Studies in History 37, no. 3 (April 2004): 3–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/csh0009-463337033.
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