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Journal articles on the topic 'Skin colour-specific transcriptomic traits'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Dorta, Tania, Francisco Gil-Muñoz, Fany Carrasco, Elena Zuriaga, Gabino Ríos, and Manuel Blasco. "Physiological Changes and Transcriptomic Analysis throughout On-Tree Fruit Ripening Process in Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.)." Plants 12, no. 16 (2023): 2895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12162895.

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The involvement of effectors and transcriptional regulators in persimmon fruit maturation has been mostly approached by the literature under postharvest conditions. In order to elucidate the participation of these genes in the on-tree fruit maturation development, we have collected samples from seven persimmon germplasm accessions at different developmental stages until physiological maturation. This study has focused on the expression analysis of 13 genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and response pathways, as well as the evolution of important agronomical traits such as skin colour, weig

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ZHOU, Xiaohui, Songyu LIU, Yaping LIU, et al. "Extensive transcriptome changes underlying the fruit skin colour intensity variation in purple eggplant." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 49, no. 3 (2021): 12434. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha49312434.

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Fruit skin colour intensity is one of the most important economic traits of purple eggplant. A wide diversity for fruit skin colour intensity exists in purple eggplant and the accumulation of anthocyanins and chlorophylls of fruit skin mainly affected colour intensity. However, limited information is available contributing to the molecular mechanisms underlying fruit skin colour intensity variation in purple eggplant. In the present study, variation of two purple eggplant advanced lines EP26 and EP28, with different fruit skin colour intensity was investigated. Higher anthocyanin contents and

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Jablonski, Nina G., and George Chaplin. "The colours of humanity: the evolution of pigmentation in the human lineage." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 372, no. 1724 (2017): 20160349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0349.

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Humans are a colourful species of primate, with human skin, hair and eye coloration having been influenced by a great variety of evolutionary forces throughout prehistory. Functionally naked skin has been the physical interface between the physical environment and the human body for most of the history of the genus Homo , and hence skin coloration has been under intense natural selection. From an original condition of protective, dark, eumelanin-enriched coloration in early tropical-dwelling Homo and Homo sapiens , loss of melanin pigmentation occurred under natural selection as Homo sapiens d

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Sehrawat, Jagmahender Singh, and Mohd Ali. "Morpho-facial variations in physical features of two tribal populations of Kargil (Ladakh, India): A bio-anthropological investigation." Anthropological Review 86, no. 3 (2023): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1898-6773.86.3.01.

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Somatoscopy is a systematic and cumulative visual examination of the morphological features of an individual. Physical anthropologists have classified humans into certain specific groups on the basis of specific morphoscopical features, and such variations have been widely studied. Fourteen somatoscopic traits of 800 adult (>25years) Ladakhi individuals, belonging to two Kargil (India) tribal groups (Brokpas and Purigpas) were examined; four hundred (N=400) healthy individuals from each tribe i.e., 221 males and 179 females of the Brokpa tribe and 210 males and 190 females of the Purigpa tr

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Saif, Rashid, Ali Iftekhar, Fatima Asif, and Mohammad Suliman Alghanem. "Dog Coat Colour Genetics: A Review." Advancements in Life Sciences 7, no. 4 (2020): 215. https://doi.org/10.62940/als.v7i4.988.

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Canis lupus familiaris is one of the most beloved pet species with hundreds of world-wide recognized breeds, which can be differentiated from each other by specific morphological, behavioral and adoptive traits. Morphological characteristics of dog breeds get more attention which can be defined mostly by coat color and its texture, and considered to be incredibly lucrative traits in this valued species. Although the genetic foundation of coat color has been well stated in the literature, but still very little is known about the growth pattern, hair length and curly coat trait genes. Skin pigme

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Corrado, Giandomenico, Marcello Forlani, Rosa Rao, and Boris Basile. "Diversity and Relationships among Neglected Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Landraces Using Morphological Traits and SSR Markers: Implications for Agro-Biodiversity Conservation." Plants 10, no. 7 (2021): 1341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071341.

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Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is an economically important tree species globally cultivated in temperate areas. Italy has an ample number of traditional varieties, but numerous landraces are abandoned and at risk of extinction because of increasing urbanization, agricultural intensification, and varietal renewal. In this work, we investigated the morphological and genetic diversity present in an ex-situ collection of 28 neglected varieties belonging to the so-called “Vesuvian apricot”. Our aim was to understand the level of diversity and the possible link between the promotion of specific frui

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Hazarika, Moushumi, and Dhirendra Kr Sharma. "Study of Reproductive Traits and Mating Behaviour of Mabuya multifasciata through Ethogram." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 19 (2024): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i194494.

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Mabuya multifasciatais a skink found in temperate and tropical Asia, Australia, and central and southern Africa.It is unique in reproductive traits as it gives birth to live one for example viviparous.During its breeding cycle the sexes develop attractive colouration to attract its mate.It is studied under the reproductive traits under the original research study.The present study is a part of original research which was conducted during 2011-2014 in Assam , focusing on the behavior of the mates during reproduction. Greer [1] divided Scincidae family into four subfamilies viz.Scincinae, Aconti

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Koseniuk, Anna, Katarzyna Ropka-Molik, Dominika Rubiś, and Grzegorz Smołucha. "Genetic background of coat colour in sheep." Archives Animal Breeding 61, no. 2 (2018): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-61-173-2018.

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Abstract. The coat colour of animals is an extremely important trait that affects their behaviour and is decisive for survival in the natural environment. In farm animal breeding, as a result of the selection of a certain coat colour type, animals are characterized by a much greater variety of coat types. This makes them an appropriate model in research in this field. A very important aspect of the coat colour types of farm animals is distinguishing between breeds and varieties based on this trait. Furthermore, for the sheep breeds which are kept for skins and wool, coat/skin colour is an impo

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Pedersen, Stephanie, Lei Liu, Brian Glebe, Steven Leadbeater, Sigbjørn Lien, and Elizabeth G. Boulding. "Mapping of quantitative trait loci associated with size, shape, and parr mark traits using first- and second-generation backcrosses between European and North American Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)." Genome 61, no. 1 (2018): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2017-0026.

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Little is known about the genetic architecture of traits important for salmonid restoration ecology. We mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for juvenile body length, weight, shape, and vertical skin pigmentation patterns (parr marks) within three hybrid backcross families between European and North American subspecies of Atlantic salmon. Amounts of variation in skin colour and pattern quantified in the two second-generation transAtlantic families exceeded the ranges seen in purebred populations. GridQTL analyses using low-density female-specific li

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Anderson, Andrew P., Emily Rose, Sarah P. Flanagan, and Adam G. Jones. "The Estrogen-Responsive Transcriptome of Female Secondary Sexual Traits in the Gulf Pipefish." Journal of Heredity 111, no. 3 (2020): 294–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esaa008.

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Abstract Sexual dimorphism often results from hormonally regulated trait differences between the sexes. In sex-role-reversed vertebrates, females often have ornaments used in mating competition that are expected to be under hormonal control. Males of the sex-role-reversed Gulf pipefish (Syngnathus scovelli) develop female-typical traits when they are exposed to estrogens. We aimed to identify genes whose expression levels changed during the development and maintenance of female-specific ornaments. We performed RNA-sequencing on skin and muscle tissue in male Gulf pipefish with and without expo

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CHAUDHARY, BABITA, DALAMU, V. K. GUPTA, S. K. LUTHRA, and M. KUMAR. "Morphological characterization of indigenous potato (Solanum tuberosum) genotypes." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 94, no. 5 (2024): 528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v94i5.134417.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the most important non-grained food and vegetable crop lauded for its nutritional and health benefits. Identifying any new potato genotype primarily depends on its morphological traits, including vegetative, floral and tuber parameters. The present study was carried out during 2020–21 and 2021–22 at the research farm of ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, regional station, Modipuram, Uttar Pradesh and at ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Kufri-Fagu unit, Himachal Pradesh (for floral traits) to evaluate the potato genotypes for vegetative and tuber tra

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Pathak, Garima. "Integrated Mechanisms of Ripening and Aroma Formation in Mango Fruit." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30, no. 12 (2024): 503–13. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i122695.

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Mango (Mangifera indica), a member of the Anacardiaceae family, is one of the most important tropical fruit crops globally, with India being the largest producer. India’s extensive mango diversity includes approximately 1,000 cultivars, each characterized by unique attributes such as plant structure, fruit size, skin and pulp colour, taste, and aroma. These traits are critical for consumer acceptance and market value both domestically and internationally. The ripening process in mango is a highly coordinated biological phenomenon involving a complex network of molecular, genetic, and biochemic

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Mahendran, Aswin, Mahesh C. Yadav, Gopala Krishnan S, Shailesh Tiwari, and Tapan K. Mondal. "Phenotypic Characterization of Crop Genetic Resources of AA-genome Species in Rice (Oryza spp.)." Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 36, no. 03 (2023): 402–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.61949/0976-1926.2023.v36i03.09.

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Non-hierarchical Euclidean cluster analysis based on principal component scores of yield and processing traits was used for characterization of 108 potato germplasm accessions of world collection under short day (9.75-11.5 h photoperiod) conditions in the North Indian plains. Moderate to high coefficient of variability was observed for tuber yield, average tuber number, average tuber weight, reducing sugars, sucrose, total phenols, free amino acids and chip colour score, which could be harnessed in future improvement programmes. Based on genetic divergence, determined by Euclidean distances, t

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14

Sello, Cornelius Tlotliso, Chang Liu, Yongfeng Sun, et al. "De Novo Assembly and Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Anser anser and Anser cygnoides Geese Species’ Embryonic Skin Feather Follicles." Genes 10, no. 5 (2019): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10050351.

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Geese feather production and the quality of downy feathers are additional economically important traits in the geese industry. However, little information is available about the molecular mechanisms fundamental to feather formation and the quality of feathers in geese. This study conducted de novo transcriptome sequencing analysis of two related geese species using the Illumina 4000 platform to determine the genes involved in embryonic skin feather follicle development. A total of 165,564,278 for Anser anser and 144,595,262 for Anser cygnoides clean reads were generated, which were further ass

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Fulgione, Domenico, Valeria Maselli, Eleonora Rivieccio, Serena Aceto, Marco Salvemini, and Maria Buglione. "Evolutionary Plasticity in Insular Lizard, Adapting over Reproduction, Metabolism, and Color Variation." Biology 12, no. 12 (2023): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology12121478.

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The Italian wall lizard (Podarcis siculus) living on islets exhibits a melanic skin coloration and a suite of adaptive traits lacking in nearby mainland populations. On islets, the unpredictable environmental conditions and highly fluctuating population densities are believed to have produced reversed island syndrome (RIS). Several physiological, behavioral, and life-history changes based on the RIS could result from positive selection on increased activity of melanocortins. We hypothesize that phenotypes on islets are the product of a plastic variation depending on the regulation of specific

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Wu Dai, Zhan, Michel Génard, Shao-hua Li, and Philippe Vivin. "Analyzing the functional association among seed traits, berry growth and chemical composition in Cabernet-Sauvignon berry (Vitis vinifera L.) using a mathematical growth function." OENO One 43, no. 1 (2009): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2009.43.1.807.

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<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: This study aimed at assessing the functional linkage among seed traits (including seed number, seed weight), berry growth and berry sugar and acid concentration by adapting a mathematical growth function with parameters having biological importance.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The evolution of berry diameter of Cabernet- Sauvignon was satisfactorily fitted to a bi-phasic growth function with six parameters. Correlations between the parameters and berry c

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Samadia, DK, SM Haldhar, Hanuman Ram, AK Verma, and PS Gurjar. "Kachri melon (a non-dessert form of Cucumis melo) diversity, germplasm utilization and varietal development under hot arid climate: Approaches and realization." Journal of Agriculture and Ecology 18 (May 26, 2024): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.58628/jae-2418-103.

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The native crop plants genetic resource is very essential for nature’s resilient, region and season-specific varietal development and is also used in breeding programmes for resistance towards abiotic and biotic factors. Kachri and mat-kaachr or kachri melon (a non–dessert form of Cucumis melo var. callosus and agrestis) is an un-tapped arid zone cucurbit vegetable. Their vine plants are annual and short-duration in growth habit, and bearing 10.2–220.5 g weight fruits which are edible at maturity and unique in taste with ripening stages. It is wild and weedy types or semi-domesticated land-rac

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Sachs, Joel, Jocelyn Pender, Beatriz Lujan-Toro, James Macklin, Peter Haase, and Robin Malik. "Using Wikidata and Metaphactory to Underpin an Integrated Flora of Canada." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 3 (August 8, 2019): e38627. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.3.38627.

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We are using Wikidata and Metaphactory to build an Integrated Flora of Canada (IFC). IFC will be integrated in two senses: First, it will draw on multiple existing flora (e.g. Flora of North America, Flora of Manitoba, etc.) for content. Second, it will be a portal to related resources such as annotations, specimens, literature, and sequence data. Background We had success using Semantic Media Wiki (SMW) as the platform for an on-line representation of the Flora of North America (FNA). We used Charaparser (Cui 2012) to extract plant structures (e.g. "stem"), characters (e.g. "external texture"

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Li, Jun, Haiyan Yu, Wenxia Wang, et al. "Genomic and transcriptomic insights into molecular basis of sexually dimorphic nuptial spines in Leptobrachium leishanense." Nature Communications 10, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13531-5.

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AbstractSexually dimorphic (SD) traits are important in sexual selection and species survival, yet the molecular basis remains elusive, especially in amphibians where SD traits have evolved repeatedly. We focus on the Leishan moustache toad (Leptobrachium leishanense), in which males develop nuptial spines on their maxillary skin. Here we report a 3.5 Gb genome assembly with a contig N50 of 1.93 Mb. We find a specific expansion of the intermediate filament gene family including numerous keratin genes. Within these genes, a cluster of duplicated hair keratin genes exhibits male-biased and maxil

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Luo, Xiayue, Bing Chen, Tingru Mao, Yewei Liu, Jian Yang, and Madhava Meegaskumbura. "Skin transcriptomic correlates of cave-dwelling Sinocyclocheilus cavefish." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 11 (October 25, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1264214.

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IntroductionWith 78 species, Sinocyclocheilus cavefish constitute the largest cavefish radiation in the world. They exhibit remarkable morphological diversity across three habitat types: surface (surface morphs, normal-eyed, variably colored), exclusively-cave-dwelling (stygobitic morphs, eyeless, depigmented), and intermediate between cave and surface (stygophilic morphs, micro-eyed, partially depigmented). Distinctive traits of Sinocyclocheilus include variations in eye and skin conditions associated with their habitat, despite the role of the skin in sensing environmental changes, its habit

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Li, Wen-Fang, Gai-Xing Ning, Cun-Wu Zuo, et al. "MYB_SH[AL]QKY[RF] transcription factors MdLUX and MdPCL-like promote anthocyanin accumulation through DNA hypomethylation and MdF3H activation in apple." Tree Physiology, November 10, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaa156.

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Abstract Heritable DNA methylation is a highly conserved epigenetic mark that is important for many biological processes. In a previous transcriptomic study on the fruit skin pigmentation of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv. ‘Red Delicious’ (G0) and its four continuous-generation bud sport mutants including ‘Starking Red’ (G1), ‘Starkrimson’ (G2), ‘Campbell Redchief’ (G3) and ‘Vallee spur’ (G4), we identified MYB transcription factors (TFs) MdLUX and MdPCL-like involved in regulating anthocyanin synthesis. However, how these TFs ultimately determine the fruit skin colour traits remain elusive

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Wang, Yinan, Xinyao Miao, Zicheng Zhao, Yonghui Wang, Shuaicheng Li, and Changfa Wang. "Transcriptome Atlas of 16 Donkey Tissues." Frontiers in Genetics 12 (August 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.682734.

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Donkeys (Equus asinus) are important livestock with great economic value in meat, skin, and milk production. However, a lack of knowledge of the transcriptome landscape across a wide range of donkey tissues limits genetic selective breeding and conservation. Here we used transcriptomics to describe the transcriptome landscape, classify the tissue-specific gene expression across all primary donkey tissues, and present supplementary analyses on the protein level of additional donkey milk samples. Overall, 16,013 protein-coding genes and 21,983 transcripts were mapped to the reference genome, inc

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Li, Zhaohui, Yuxiao Fan, Cankun Xie, et al. "High-fidelity reprogramming into Leydig-like cells by CRISPR activation and paracrine factors." PNAS Nexus, September 6, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac179.

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Abstract Androgen deficiency is a common medical conditions that affects males of all ages. Transplantation of testosterone-producing cells is a promising treatment for male hypogonadism. However, getting a cell source with the characteristics of Leydig cells (LCs) is still challenge. Here, a high-efficiency reprogramming of skin-derived fibroblasts into functional Leydig-like cells (LLCs) based on epigenetic mechanism was described. By performing an integrated analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation and transcriptome profiling in LCs and fibroblasts, the potentially epigenetic-regulating ster

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Zhao, Bingru, Hanpeng Luo, Xixia Huang, et al. "Integration of a single-step genome-wide association study with a multi-tissue transcriptome analysis provides novel insights into the genetic basis of wool and weight traits in sheep." Genetics Selection Evolution 53, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12711-021-00649-8.

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Abstract Background Genetic improvement of wool and growth traits is a major goal in the sheep industry, but their underlying genetic architecture remains elusive. To improve our understanding of these mechanisms, we conducted a weighted single-step genome-wide association study (WssGWAS) and then integrated the results with large-scale transcriptome data for five wool traits and one growth trait in Merino sheep: mean fibre diameter (MFD), coefficient of variation of the fibre diameter (CVFD), crimp number (CN), mean staple length (MSL), greasy fleece weight (GFW), and live weight (LW). Result

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Hamazaki, Yusuke, Hiroto Akuta, Hikaru Suzuki, et al. "Generation and characterization of induced pluripotent stem cells of small apes." Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 13 (March 19, 2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2025.1536947.

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Small apes (family Hylobatidae), encompassing gibbons and siamangs, occupy a pivotal evolutionary position within the hominoid lineage, bridging the gap between great apes and catarrhine monkeys. Although they possess distinctive genomic and phenotypic features—such as rapid chromosomal rearrangements and adaptations for brachiation—functional genomic studies on small apes have been hindered by the limited availability of biological samples and developmental models. Here, we address this gap by successfully reprogramming primary skin fibroblasts from three small ape species: lar gibbons (Hylob

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Zhang, Letian, Jiankui Wang, Ganxian Cai, et al. "Imprinted Dlk1-Gtl2 cluster miRNAs are potential epigenetic regulators of lamb fur quality." BMC Genomics 24, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-023-09741-3.

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Abstract Background Tan and Hu sheep are well-known local breeds in China, producing lamb fur with unique ornamental and practical values highly appreciated by consumers worldwide. Fur quality is optimal at one month of age and gradually declines with time. Despite active research on its genetic mechanism using transcriptomic and whole genome bisulfite sequencing analysis, the main effective gene locus has not been found, and its regulatory mechanism is still unclear, which limits the breeding and improvement of fur traits. Results Scapular skin samples from newborn (1-month old) and adult (24

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Zhao, Bingru, Hanpeng Luo, Junmin He, et al. "Comprehensive transcriptome and methylome analysis delineates the biological basis of hair follicle development and wool-related traits in Merino sheep." BMC Biology 19, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-021-01127-9.

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Abstract Background Characterization of the molecular mechanisms underlying hair follicle development is of paramount importance in the genetic improvement of wool-related traits in sheep and skin-related traits in humans. The Merino is the most important breed of fine-wooled sheep in the world. In this study, we systematically investigated the complexity of sheep hair follicle development by integrating transcriptome and methylome datasets from Merino sheep skin. Results We analysed 72 sequence datasets, including DNA methylome and the whole transcriptome of four gene types, i.e. protein-codi

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Kumar, Satish, Claire Molloy, Martin Hunt, et al. "GWAS provides new insights into the genetic mechanisms of phytochemicals production and red skin colour in apple." Horticulture Research, September 26, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhac218.

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Abstract Understanding the genetic architecture of apple phytochemicals, and their interplay with conventional selection traits, is critical for the development of new apple cultivars with enhanced health benefits. Apple accessions (n = 344) used for this genome-wide association study (GWAS) represented the wide diversity of metabolic profiles in the domesticated and wild Malus genepools. Fruit samples were phenotyped for 34 metabolites, including a stable vitamin C glycoside ‘ascorbic acid 2-β-glucoside’ (AA-2βG), and the accessions were genotyped using the Apple 20K SNP Array. Several fruit

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Wang, Pei, Gang Xiong, Dan Zeng, et al. "Comparative transcriptome and miRNA analysis of skin pigmentation during embryonic development of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)." BMC Genomics 23, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-09029-y.

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Abstract Background Aquatic animals show diverse body coloration, and the formation of animal body colour is a complicated process. Increasing evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important regulatory roles in many life processes. The role of miRNAs in pigmentation has been investigated in some species. However, the regulatory patterns of miRNAs in reptile pigmentation remain to be elucidated. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles to explore corresponding regulatory patterns in embryonic body colour formation in the soft-shelled tur

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Mariottoni, Paula, Simon W. Jiang, Courtney A. Prestwood, et al. "Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Cellular and Transcriptional Changes Associated With M1 Macrophage Polarization in Hidradenitis Suppurativa." Frontiers in Medicine 8 (August 24, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.665873.

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Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by recurrent abscesses, nodules, and sinus tracts in areas of high hair follicle and sweat gland density. These sinus tracts can present with purulent drainage and scar formation. Dysregulation of multiple immune pathways drives the complexity of HS pathogenesis and may account for the heterogeneity of treatment response in HS patients. Using transcriptomic approaches, including single-cell sequencing and protein analysis, we here characterize the innate inflammatory landscape of HS lesions. We identified a shar

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Lorenzo-Martín, L. Francisco, Natalia Fernández-Parejo, Mauricio Menacho-Márquez, et al. "VAV2 signaling promotes regenerative proliferation in both cutaneous and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma." Nature Communications 11, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18524-3.

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Abstract Regenerative proliferation capacity and poor differentiation are histological features usually linked to poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (hnSCC). However, the pathways that regulate them remain ill-characterized. Here, we show that those traits can be triggered by the RHO GTPase activator VAV2 in keratinocytes present in the skin and oral mucosa. VAV2 is also required to maintain those traits in hnSCC patient-derived cells. This function, which is both catalysis- and RHO GTPase-dependent, is mediated by c-Myc- and YAP/TAZ-dependent transcriptomal programs assoc

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Whitham, Will, Steven J. Schapiro, Jolyon Troscianko, and Jessica L. Yorzinski. "Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) gaze is conspicuous at ecologically-relevant distances." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13273-3.

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AbstractChimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) sclera appear much darker than the white sclera of human eyes, to such a degree that the direction of chimpanzee gaze may be concealed from conspecifics. Recent debate surrounding this topic has produced mixed results, with some evidence suggesting that (1) primate gaze is indeed concealed from their conspecifics, and (2) gaze colouration is among the suite of traits that distinguish uniquely social and cooperative humans from other primates (the cooperative eye hypothesis). Using a visual modelling approach that properly accounts for specific-specific visi

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Yuan, Xiaochun, Ke Meng, Yayan Wang, et al. "Unlocking the genetic secrets of Dorper sheep: insights into wool shedding and hair follicle development." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 11 (December 11, 2024). https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1489379.

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Dorper sheep is popular among farming enterprises with strong adaptability, disease resistance, and roughage tolerance, and an unique characteristic of natural shedding of wool. In a large number of observations on experimental sheep farms, it was found that the wool of some sheep still had not shed after May, thus manual shearing was required. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of normal hair follicles (HFs) development is crucial to revealing the improvement of sheep wool-related traits and mammalian skin-related traits. In this study, transcriptome analysis was performed on s

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Shi, Pei, Ze Xu, Shaoyu Zhang, et al. "Construction of a high-density SNP-based genetic map and identification of fruit-related QTLs and candidate genes in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]." BMC Plant Biology 20, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02557-3.

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Abstract Background High-density genetic mapping is a valuable tool for mapping loci that control specific traits for perennial fruit trees. Peach is an economically important fruit tree and a model Rosaceae species for genomic and genetic research. In peach, even though many molecular markers, genetic maps and QTL mappings have been reported, further research on the improvement of marker numbers, map densities, QTL accuracy and candidate gene identification is still warranted. Results A high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based peach linkage map was constructed using specific lo

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Galván-Peña, Silvia, Yangyang Zhu, Bola S. Hanna, Diane Mathis, and Christophe Benoist. "A dynamic atlas of immunocyte migration from the gut." Science Immunology 9, no. 91 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciimmunol.adi0672.

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Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota affects several systemic diseases, possibly by driving the migration of perturbed intestinal immunocytes to extraintestinal tissues. Combining Kaede photoconvertible mice and single-cell genomics, we generated a detailed map of migratory trajectories from the colon, at baseline, and in several models of intestinal and extraintestinal inflammation. All lineages emigrated from the colon in an S1P-dependent manner. B lymphocytes represented the largest contingent, with the unexpected circulation of nonexperienced follicular B cells, which carried a gut-imprinted tr

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Behn, Anita, Carolina Lizana, Felipe Zapata, Alvaro Gonzalez, Marjorie Reyes-Díaz, and Derie Fuentes. "Phenolic and anthocyanin content characterization related to genetic diversity analysis of Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum Chilotanum Group in southern Chile." Frontiers in Plant Science 13 (January 10, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1045894.

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The potato (Solanum tuberosum L) is one of the four most important crops worldwide in production and consumption. It originated from South America along the Andes, where six hotspots of diversity known as subcenters of origin are described from Venezuela to Chiloe Island in Chile, and where the greatest diversity of potatoes in the world is found. Today, the use of ancestral genetic resources has gained significant relevance, recovering and producing foods with a greater nutrient content and beneficial to human health. Therefore, native potatoes possess a set of characteristics with great pote

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Theine, Jens, Daniela Holtgräwe, Katja Herzog, et al. "Transcriptomic analysis of temporal shifts in berry development between two grapevine cultivars of the Pinot family reveals potential genes controlling ripening time." BMC Plant Biology 21, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03110-6.

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Abstract Background Grapevine cultivars of the Pinot family represent clonally propagated mutants with major phenotypic and physiological differences, such as different colour or shifted ripening time, as well as changes in important viticultural traits. Specifically, the cultivars ‘Pinot Noir’ (PN) and ‘Pinot Noir Precoce’ (PNP, early ripening) flower at the same time, but vary in the beginning of berry ripening (veraison) and, consequently, harvest time. In addition to genotype, seasonal climatic conditions (i.e. high temperatures) also affect ripening times. To reveal possible regulatory ge

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Zou, Cheng, Surya Sapkota, Rosa Figueroa-Balderas, et al. "A Multi-Tiered Haplotype Strategy to Enhance Phased Assembly and Fine-Mapping of a Disease Resistance Locus." Plant Physiology, September 14, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad494.

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Abstract Fine mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) to dissect the genetic basis of traits of interest is essential to modern breeding practice. Here, we employed a multi-tiered haplotypic marker system to increase fine mapping accuracy by constructing a chromosome-level, haplotype-resolved parental genome, accurate detection of recombination sites, and allele-specific characterization of the transcriptome. In the first tier of this system, we applied the preexisting panel of 2000 rhAmpSeq core genome markers that is transferable across the entire Vitis genus and provides a genomic resoluti

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Harnoncourt, Julia. "Forms of Unfree Labour in Brazil: Dealing with Racism and Racialisation in Amazonian Agriculture." Historein 19, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/historein.18612.

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Unlike many other countries, the Brazilian state has created institutions and actions against unfree labour. In addition, unfree labour is a topic that appears in popular media as well as in scientific research. Poverty is generally attributed as the only factor making people vulnerable to the promises of labour recruiters, while the intersection between class and race is denied. In this article, which takes the Brazilian example, racism is seen as a structural element of unfree labour. Two factors play a big role in this intersection: first, structural racism and, second, racism as a theory o

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Sachs, Joel, Jocelyn Pender, Beatriz Lujan-Toro, James Macklin, Peter Haase, and Robin Malik. "Using Wikidata and Metaphactory to Underpin an Integrated Flora of Canada." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 3 (August 8, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.3.38627.

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We are using Wikidata and Metaphactory to build an Integrated Flora of Canada (IFC). IFC will be integrated in two senses: First, it will draw on multiple existing flora (e.g. Flora of North America, Flora of Manitoba, etc.) for content. Second, it will be a portal to related resources such as annotations, specimens, literature, and sequence data. Background We had success using Semantic Media Wiki (SMW) as the platform for an on-line representation of the Flora of North America (FNA). We used Charaparser (Cui 2012) to extract plant structures (e.g. “stem”), characters (e.g. “external texture”

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Thomas, Peter. "Anywhere But the Home: The Promiscuous Afterlife of Super 8." M/C Journal 12, no. 3 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.164.

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Consumer or home use (previously ‘amateur’) moving image formats are distinguished from professional (still known as ‘professional’) ones by relative affordability, ubiquity and simplicity of use. Since Pathé Frères released its Pathé Baby camera, projector and 9.5mm film gauge in 1922, a distinct line of viewing and making equipment has been successfully marketed at nonprofessional use, especially in the home. ‘Amateur film’ is a simple term for a complex, variegated and longstanding set of activities. Conceptually it is bounded only by the negative definition of nonprofessional (usually inte

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Ellis, Katie. "Complicating a Rudimentary List of Characteristics: Communicating Disability with Down Syndrome Dolls." M/C Journal 15, no. 5 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.544.

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Apparently some people upon coming across [Down Syndrome dolls] were offended. […] Still, it’s curious, and telling, what gives offense. Was it the shock of seeing a doll not modeled on the normative form that caused such offense? Or the assumption that any representation of Down Syndrome must naturally intend ridicule? Either way, it would seem that we might benefit from an examination of such reactions—especially as they relate to instances of the idealisation of the human form that dolls […] represent. (Faulkner) IntroductionWhen Joanne Faulkner describes public criticism of dolls designed

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