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Journal articles on the topic 'Skin dysbiosis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Fernczi, Katalin, and Krisztián Németh. "The skin microbiome, dysbiosis and skin diseases." Bőrgyógyászati és Venerológiai Szemle 100, no. 3 (2024): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7188/bvsz.2024.100.3.2.

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The human skin harbors an extremely diverse microbiome, made up of countless microbes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses and mites. Collectively, these microorganisms play an important role in skin physiology, various immune responses and the formation of an antimicrobial safety net. Many factors influence the diversity of the skin microbiome. Alterations in the composition of commensal and symbiotic microorganisms can lead to imbalances in the microbiome and the resulting dysbiosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory skin diseases. In this review, we provide a brief s

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Scharschmidt, Tiffany C. "Skin Dysbiosis Goes “Off-Leish”." Cell Host & Microbe 22, no. 1 (2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2017.06.017.

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Teng, Vannia C., and Prima K. Esti. "Skin microbiome dysbiosis in leprosy cases." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 7, no. 5 (2021): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20213355.

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<p>The human skin possesses a microenvironment conducive to the growth of the skin microbiome, which plays in many physiological functions in cutaneous immunity homeostasis and maturation. The microbiome composition depends on many variables, such as endogenous (host condition) or exogenous (environmental) factors and topographic location. Host-skin microbes’ interaction can be mutualism or pathogenicity. Dysbiosis or alteration in skin microbiota is associated with various dermatological diseases, including leprosy. Dysbiosis is driven by the alteration of the microbial communities them

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Marson, Justin, Stefano Berto, Paul Mouser, and Hilary Baldwin. "Association between Rosacea, Environmental Factors, and Facial Cutaneous Dysbiosis." SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine 5, no. 5 (2021): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.25251/skin.5.5.6.

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Background: To investigate the microbiome composition in individuals with and without rosacea and correlate findings to individual factors that may affect facial cutaneous and enteric microbiome composition. Methods: Participants with and without rosacea (as determined by a board-certified dermatologist) were surveyed regarding factors that may affect the facial cutaneous/enteric microbiome. Microbiome samples were collected, analyzed for 16S sequences, and mapped to an optimized version of existing databases. R was used to perform Mann-Whitney/Kruskal-Wallis test for categorical comparisons.

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Muharram, Luthfia Hastiani, Fauzia Ningrum Syaputri, Wulan Pertiwi, and Rizki Fika Saputri. "Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Bawang Hitam Variasi Waktu Aging Terhadap Pencegahan Dysbiosis Kulit Penyebab Jerawat." Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan 4, no. 2 (2022): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v4i2.1035.

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Skin diseases, including acne, can be caused by a microbial imbalance (dysbiosis). The specific bacteria involved in acne dysbiosis are Cutibacterium (Propionibacterium) acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Black garlic has better potential to be alternative antibiotic and chemical to curing ance and maintaining skin health, because it has antimicrobial potential and can inhibit the decrease in collagen deposition on the skin. These potentials can be alternative of antibiotics and chemicals to treat acne and maintain healthy skin. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of bl

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Al-Subaihawi, Azhar Jabbar Khalaf, Tamarah Gays Almohammedi, and Nada Hamzah Shareef Al-Shabbani. "The Role of the Skin Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis." European Journal of Medical and Health Research 2, no. 5 (2024): 330–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejmhr.2024.2(5).38.

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Skin microbiota play a critical role in human and health sickness, such as the processes that underpin development of atopic dermatitis. This review offers researches concerned with the primary focus of microorganisms in skin disease and delineates dysbiosis based on the disease’s pathology. This review also discusses interventions that target the skin microbiota and summarises the relevant literature implications for skin microbiome research. Therefore, the nature of the present review show that more investigations describing the effects of Staphylococcal species on skin diseases may contribu

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Azhar, Jabbar Khalaf Al-Subaihawi, Gays Almohammedi Tamarah, and Hamzah Shareef Al-Shabbani Nada. "The Role of the Skin Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis." European Journal of Medical and Health Research 2, no. 5 (2024): 330–42. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejmhr.2024.2(5).38.

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Skin microbiota play a critical role in human and health sickness, such as the processes that underpin development of atopic dermatitis. This review offers researches concerned with the primary focus of microorganisms in skin disease and delineates dysbiosis based on the disease’s pathology. This review also discusses interventions that target the skin microbiota and summarises the relevant literature implications for skin microbiome research. Therefore, the nature of the present review show that more investigations describing the effects of Staphylococcal species on skin diseases may co

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8

De Pessemier, Britta, Lynda Grine, Melanie Debaere, Aglaya Maes, Bernhard Paetzold, and Chris Callewaert. "Gut–Skin Axis: Current Knowledge of the Interrelationship between Microbial Dysbiosis and Skin Conditions." Microorganisms 9, no. 2 (2021): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020353.

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The microbiome plays an important role in a wide variety of skin disorders. Not only is the skin microbiome altered, but also surprisingly many skin diseases are accompanied by an altered gut microbiome. The microbiome is a key regulator for the immune system, as it aims to maintain homeostasis by communicating with tissues and organs in a bidirectional manner. Hence, dysbiosis in the skin and/or gut microbiome is associated with an altered immune response, promoting the development of skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, dandruff, and even skin cancer. Here, we

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Pessôa, Rodrigo, Patricia Bianca Clissa, and Sabri Saeed Sanabani. "The Interaction between the Host Genome, Epigenome, and the Gut–Skin Axis Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 18 (2023): 14322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814322.

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. It involves complex interactions among the host immune system, environmental factors (such as skin barrier dysfunction), and microbial dysbiosis. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified AD risk alleles; however, the associated environmental factors remain largely unknown. Recent evidence suggests that altered microbiota composition (dysbiosis) in the skin and gut may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Examples of environmental factors that contribute to skin barri

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Tao, Rong, Ruoyu Li, and Ruojun Wang. "Dysbiosis of skin mycobiome in atopic dermatitis." Mycoses 65, no. 3 (2021): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/myc.13402.

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Smith, Anita, Roberta Dumbrava, Noor-Ul-Huda Ghori, et al. "An Overview of the Skin Microbiome, the Potential for Pathogen Shift, and Dysbiosis in Common Skin Pathologies." Microorganisms 13, no. 1 (2025): 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010054.

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Recent interest in the diverse ecosystem of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses that make up the skin microbiome has led to several studies investigating the microbiome in healthy skin and in a variety of dermatological conditions. An imbalance of the normal skin flora can cause some skin diseases, and current culture techniques are often unable to detect a microorganism to further our understanding of the clinical–microbiological correlates of disease and dysbiosis. Atopic dermatitis and rosacea are presentations that GPs often manage that may have an infective or microbiological componen

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Magnifico, Irene, Angelica Perna, Marco Alfio Cutuli, et al. "A Wall Fragment of Cutibacterium acnes Preserves Junctional Integrity Altered by Staphylococcus aureus in an Ex Vivo Porcine Skin Model." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 4 (2023): 1224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15041224.

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(1) Background alteration of the skin microbiota, dysbiosis, causes skin barrier impairment resulting in disease development. Staphylococcus aureus, the main pathogen associated with dysbiosis, secretes several virulence factors, including α-toxin that damages tight junctions and compromises the integrity of the skin barrier. The use of members of the resident microbiota to restore the skin barrier, bacteriotherapy, represents a safe treatment for skin conditions among innovative options. The aim of this study is the evaluation of a wall fragment derived from a patented strain of Cutibacterium

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Ghosh, Aparajita, and Saumya Panda. "Cutaneous Dysbiosis and Dermatophytosis." Indian Journal of Dermatology 68, no. 5 (2023): 508–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijd.ijd_828_23.

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The skin, besides being the largest interface between the body and the external environment, also forms an ecological niche which is populated by almost a trillion microorganisms. These, collectively known as the cutaneous microbiome, form a dynamic yet well-controlled system that resists invasion by pathogenic microorganisms, functioning as the so-called ‘microbiological barrier’, modulating the body's immune response, indirectly playing a crucial role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases. The composition and complexity of the microbiome are yet to be fully understood. The ter

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Ito, T., R. Aoyama, S. Nakagawa, et al. "955 Skin care improves newborn skin dysbiosis associated with atopic dermatitis." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 143, no. 5 (2023): S164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.966.

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15

Blicharz, Leszek, Lidia Rudnicka, Joanna Czuwara, et al. "The Influence of Microbiome Dysbiosis and Bacterial Biofilms on Epidermal Barrier Function in Atopic Dermatitis—An Update." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16 (2021): 8403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168403.

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory dermatosis affecting up to 30% of children and 10% of adults worldwide. AD is primarily driven by an epidermal barrier defect which triggers immune dysregulation within the skin. According to recent research such phenomena are closely related to the microbial dysbiosis of the skin. There is growing evidence that cutaneous microbiota and bacterial biofilms negatively affect skin barrier function, contributing to the onset and exacerbation of AD. This review summarizes the latest data on the mechanisms leading to microbiome dysbiosis and biofilm fo

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Smythe, Paisleigh, and Holly N. Wilkinson. "The Skin Microbiome: Current Landscape and Future Opportunities." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4 (2023): 3950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043950.

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Our skin is the largest organ of the body, serving as an important barrier against the harsh extrinsic environment. Alongside preventing desiccation, chemical damage and hypothermia, this barrier protects the body from invading pathogens through a sophisticated innate immune response and co-adapted consortium of commensal microorganisms, collectively termed the microbiota. These microorganisms inhabit distinct biogeographical regions dictated by skin physiology. Thus, it follows that perturbations to normal skin homeostasis, as occurs with ageing, diabetes and skin disease, can cause microbial

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Cannon, Alice, Holly Wilkinson, Michelle Rudden, and Mat Hardman. "P18 Investigating the role of the microbiome in chronic wound skin barrier reformation." British Journal of Dermatology 190, no. 6 (2024): e87-e87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljae105.040.

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Abstract Introduction and aims The integrity of the skin barrier plays a pivotal role in dermatological health, particularly in elderly and individuals with diabetes who are more susceptible to injury. Our skin barrier is also in direct contact with the microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms that play wide-ranging roles in cutaneous function. Although microbial dysbiosis has been observed in elderly and diabetic skin, few studies have investigated the mechanistic links between skin barrier perturbations and the microbiome. The aim of this study was to compare barrier reformation in

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Borrego-Ruiz, Alejandro, and Juan J. Borrego. "Microbial Dysbiosis in the Skin Microbiome and Its Psychological Consequences." Microorganisms 12, no. 9 (2024): 1908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091908.

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The homeostasis of the skin microbiome can be disrupted by both extrinsic and intrinsic factors, leading to a state of dysbiosis. This imbalance has been observed at the onset of persistent skin diseases that are closely linked to mental health conditions like anxiety and depression. This narrative review explores recent findings on the relationship between the skin microbiome and the pathophysiology of specific skin disorders, including acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and wound infections. Additionally, it examines the psychological impact of these skin disorders, emphasizing the

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Mennitti, Cristina, Mariella Calvanese, Alessandro Gentile, et al. "Skin Microbiome Overview: How Physical Activity Influences Bacteria." Microorganisms 13, no. 4 (2025): 868. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040868.

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The skin cannot be considered as just a barrier that protects against physical, chemical, and biological damage; it is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that varies across lifespans. Interest in the relationship between physical activity and skin microbiota has grown significantly in recent years. The skin microbiota has a crucial role in skin functions and physiology, and an imbalance, known as dysbiosis, is correlated with several diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), infectious disease, obesity, allergic disorders, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Among the causes of dysbiosis, the

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20

Fournière, Mathilde, Thomas Latire, Djouhar Souak, Marc G. J. Feuilloley, and Gilles Bedoux. "Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes: Two Major Sentinels of Skin Microbiota and the Influence of Cosmetics." Microorganisms 8, no. 11 (2020): 1752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111752.

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Dermatological and cosmetics fields have recently started to focus on the human skin microbiome and microbiota, since the skin microbiota is involved in the health and dysbiosis of the skin ecosystem. Amongst the skin microorganisms, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes, both commensal bacteria, appear as skin microbiota sentinels. These sentinels have a key role in the skin ecosystem since they protect and prevent microbiota disequilibrium by fighting pathogens and participate in skin homeostasis through the production of beneficial bacterial metabolites. These bacteria adapt to

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21

Rozas, Miquel, Astrid Hart de Ruijter, Maria Jose Fabrega, et al. "From Dysbiosis to Healthy Skin: Major Contributions of Cutibacterium acnes to Skin Homeostasis." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (2021): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030628.

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Cutibacterium acnes is the most abundant bacterium living in human, healthy and sebum-rich skin sites, such as the face and the back. This bacterium is adapted to this specific environment and therefore could have a major role in local skin homeostasis. To assess the role of this bacterium in healthy skin, this review focused on (i) the abundance of C. acnes in the skin microbiome of healthy skin and skin disorders, (ii) its major contributions to human skin health, and (iii) skin commensals used as probiotics to alleviate skin disorders. The loss of C. acnes relative abundance and/or clonal d

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22

Bonzano, Laura, Francesco Borgia, Rossella Casella, Andrea Miniello, Eustachio Nettis, and Sebastiano Gangemi. "Microbiota and IL-33/31 Axis Linkage: Implications and Therapeutic Perspectives in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis." Biomolecules 13, no. 7 (2023): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13071100.

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Microbiome dysbiosis and cytokine alternations are key features of atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis (PsO), two of the most prevalent and burdensome pruritic skin conditions worldwide. Interleukin (IL)-33 and IL-31 have been recognized to be major players who act synergistically in the pathogenesis and maintenance of different chronic inflammatory conditions and pruritic skin disorders, including AD and PsO, and their potential role as therapeutic targets is being thoroughly investigated. The bidirectional interplay between dysbiosis and immunological changes has been extensively studied, b

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Cavagnino, A., O. Gouin, A. Starck, L. Breton, and M. Baraibar. "197 Skin Barrier Disruption Induced by Microbiota Dysbiosis in an Organotypic Skin Model." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 144, no. 12 (2024): S261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2024.10.204.

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Meason-Smith, Courtney, Thierry Olivry, Sara D. Lawhon, and Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann. "Malassezia species dysbiosis in natural and allergen-induced atopic dermatitis in dogs." Medical Mycology 58, no. 6 (2019): 756–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myz118.

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Abstract Malassezia dermatitis and otitis are recurrent features of canine atopic dermatitis, increasing the cost of care, and contributing to a reduced quality of life for the pet. The exact pathogenesis of secondary yeast infections in allergic dogs remains unclear, but some have proposed an overgrowth of M. pachydermatis to be one of the flare factors. The distribution of Malassezia populations on healthy and allergic canine skin has not been previously investigated using culture-independent methods. Skin swabs were collected from healthy, naturally affected allergic, and experimentally sen

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Fleshner, Lauren, Katie Roster, Banu Farabi, et al. "Follicular Skin Disorders, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and the Microbiome: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 18 (2024): 10203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms251810203.

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Follicular skin disorders, including hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), frequently coexist with systemic autoinflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its subtypes, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Previous studies suggest that dysbiosis of the human gut microbiome may serve as a pathogenic link between HS and IBD. However, the role of the microbiome (gut, skin, and blood) in the context of IBD and various follicular disorders remains underexplored. Here, we performed a systematic review to investigate the relationship between follicular skin disorders, IBD, and th

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Konsam, Sanjita, Lakshmeesha D R, Prajna, and Swathi S. "Exploring the relationship between Gut Dysbiosis and Acne Vulgaris in Adolescence and Young Adults: A Narrative Review." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 10, no. 2 (2025): 171–78. https://doi.org/10.21760/jaims.10.2.24.

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Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition, particularly in adolescents and young adults, resulting from clogged hair follicles due to excess sebum and dead skin cells. While its causes include genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors, recent research suggests gut dysbiosis plays a significant role in acne development. This review examines the connection between gut microbiota imbalance and acne, focusing on the gut-skin axis, where disruptions in the gut microbiome can trigger systemic inflammation and affect skin health. Dysbiosis may compromise both the gut and skin barriers, contributing

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Williams, Michael R., and Richard L. Gallo. "Evidence that Human Skin Microbiome Dysbiosis Promotes Atopic Dermatitis." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 137, no. 12 (2017): 2460–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2017.09.010.

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28

Wallen-Russell, Christopher, Nancy Pearlman, Samuel Wallen-Russell, Dragos Cretoiu, Dana Claudia Thompson, and Silviu Cristian Voinea. "A Catastrophic Biodiversity Loss in the Environment Is Being Replicated on the Skin Microbiome: Is This a Major Contributor to the Chronic Disease Epidemic?" Microorganisms 11, no. 11 (2023): 2784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112784.

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There has been a catastrophic loss of biodiversity in ecosystems across the world. A similar crisis has been observed in the human gut microbiome, which has been linked to “all human diseases affecting westernized countries”. This is of great importance because chronic diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and make up 90% of America’s healthcare costs. Disease development is complex and multifactorial, but there is one part of the body’s interlinked ecosystem that is often overlooked in discussions about whole-body health, and that is the skin microbiome. This is despite it being a

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Rušanac, Anamarija, Zara Škibola, Mario Matijašić, Hana Čipčić Paljetak, and Mihaela Perić. "Microbiome-Based Products: Therapeutic Potential for Inflammatory Skin Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 14 (2025): 6745. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26146745.

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Maintaining a balanced skin microbiota is essential for skin health, whereas disruptions in skin microbiota composition, known as dysbiosis, can contribute to the onset and progression of various skin disorders. Microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with several inflammatory skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, psoriasis, and rosacea. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic analyses have provided a deeper understanding of the skin microbial communities in both health and disease. These discoveries are now being translated into nove

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Bobyr, V. V., V. A. Poniatovskyi, A. P. Chobotar, et al. "Features of structural-morphological changes in cases of experimental intestinal antibiotic-induced dysbiosis." Reports of Morphology 24, no. 3 (2018): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2018-24(3)-04.

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Nowadays, scientists often define dysbiosis as a condition of a microbial ecological system, in which there is a simultaneous abnormality of the functions and interaction mechanisms of its key components: macroorganism and indigenous microbiota associated with the mucous membranes of cavities and skin. At the same time, obviously, the basis of all these processes is changes of structural intestinal components that are caused by qualitative and quantitative changes in the normal microflora. Purpose: to study the ultrastructural organization of the mucous membrane of the small intestine of mice

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Ghosh, Debajyoti, Jaclyn McAlees, and Ian Lewkowich. "Perinatal Dysbiosis Enhances House Dust Mite-Driven Skin Barrier Dysfunction." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 155, no. 2 (2025): AB84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2024.12.267.

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Wu, M., A. Ravipati, Y. Wang, et al. "0614 MyD88 restricts dysbiosis-mediated inflammation in filaggrin deficient skin." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 145, no. 8 (2025): S107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2025.06.622.

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Sá, Sara, Ruben Fernandes, Álvaro Gestoso, et al. "Cutibacterium acnes Dysbiosis: Alternative Therapeutics for Clinical Application." Applied Sciences 13, no. 21 (2023): 12086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app132112086.

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Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is a Gram-positive anaerobic facultative bacterium that is part of the human skin commensal microbiome. It colonizes various regions of the body, including the face, back, and chest. While typically a harmless commensal, under certain conditions, C. acnes can become pathogenic, leading to or promoting conditions such as acne vulgaris (AV), post-surgical infections, prostate cancer, and sarcoidosis. Current treatments for C. acnes infections often involve antibiotics, but the rise of antibiotic resistance has raised concerns. This review presents the virulence fac

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Radaschin, Diana Sabina, Alin Tatu, Alina Viorica Iancu, Cristina Beiu, and Liliana Gabriela Popa. "The Contribution of the Skin Microbiome to Psoriasis Pathogenesis and Its Implications for Therapeutic Strategies." Medicina 60, no. 10 (2024): 1619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60101619.

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Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease, associated with significant morbidity and a considerable negative impact on the patients’ quality of life. The complex pathogenesis of psoriasis is still incompletely understood. Genetic predisposition, environmental factors like smoking, alcohol consumption, psychological stress, consumption of certain drugs, and mechanical trauma, as well as specific immune dysfunctions, contribute to the onset of the disease. Mounting evidence indicate that skin dysbiosis plays a significant role in the development and exacerbation of psoriasis throug

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Magnifico, Irene, Giulio Petronio Petronio, Noemi Venditti, et al. "Atopic Dermatitis as a Multifactorial Skin Disorder. Can the Analysis of Pathophysiological Targets Represent the Winning Therapeutic Strategy?" Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 11 (2020): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13110411.

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a pathological skin condition with complex aetiological mechanisms that are difficult to fully understand. Scientific evidence suggests that of all the causes, the impairment of the skin barrier and cutaneous dysbiosis together with immunological dysfunction can be considered as the two main factors involved in this pathological skin condition. The loss of the skin barrier function is often linked to dysbiosis and immunological dysfunction, with an imbalance in the ratio between the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus and/or other microorganisms residing in the skin. The b

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Małolepsza, Aleksandra, and Tomasz Dembowski. "Probiotics and gut-skin axis - new look on factors affecting skin condition." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 31, no. 1 (2023): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.31.01.005.

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Introduction and purpose  The human gut microbiota consists of trillions of microscopic organisms, mostly bacterias. They play a significant role in nutrient metabolism, maintenance of structural integrity of the gut mucosal barrier, immunomodulation and protection against pathogens. Many factors can influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota, for example antibiotics, diet or stress. These factors may lead to dysbiosis which causes activation of neurotransmitters. It can results in the entry of metabolites to the blood stream, systemic immune dysregulation and alteration of s

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Choy, Chi Tung, Un Kei Chan, Pui Ling Kella Siu, et al. "A Novel E3 Probiotics Formula Restored Gut Dysbiosis and Remodelled Gut Microbial Network and Microbiome Dysbiosis Index (MDI) in Southern Chinese Adult Psoriasis Patients." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 7 (2023): 6571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076571.

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Psoriasis is a common chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease with the association of various comorbidities. Despite the introduction of highly effective biologic therapies over the past few decades, the exact trigger for an immune reaction in psoriasis is unclear. With the majority of immune cells residing in the gut, the effect of gut microbiome dysbiosis goes beyond the gastrointestinal site and may exacerbate inflammation and regulate the immune system elsewhere, including but not limited to the skin via the gut-skin axis. In order to delineate the role of the gut microbiome in S

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Ursia, Catharina Clarissa, and Patricia Dian Putri. "THROUGH A MICROSCOPIC LENS: SKIN MICROBIOME AS THE CONFEDERATE IN ATOPIC DERMATITIS." Jurnal Widya Medika 9, no. 1 (2023): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33508/jwm.v9i1.4265.

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Reciprocity between skin microbiome and the host underlies the occurrence, exacerbation, and severity of atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the role of skin microbiome in the pathogenesis of AD is yet to be depicted. This review highlights the host–microbiome interactions which relies on barrier status, microbiome composition, and microbe–microbe interactions. A microbiome shift, with abundance of S. aureus and lower microbial diversity, compromises the skin barrier function. It goes to show that epidermal barrier defect depletes the protective commensal skin bacteria and demonstrate how dysbios

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Huang, Amy, and Sharon Glick. "Integrating Metagenomics into Personalized Medicine in Dermatology." SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine 4, no. 6 (2020): 623–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25251/skin.4.6.25.

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There has been a recent focus on the association between human microbiomes and disease development, disease resistance, and therapy response. Fecal transplants for inflammatory bowel disease and resistant Clostridium difficile infection have demonstrated that manipulating the gut microbiome can be beneficial in treating disease. Microbiomes are important in dermatology, where response to immune checkpoint inhibitors for melanoma therapy can be affected by differences in gut microbial composition. Bleach baths, which alter the skin microbiome, are known to be beneficial in atopic dermatitis. Gu

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Hrestak, Dora, Mario Matijašić, Hana Čipčić Paljetak, Daniela Ledić Drvar, Suzana Ljubojević Hadžavdić, and Mihaela Perić. "Skin Microbiota in Atopic Dermatitis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 7 (2022): 3503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073503.

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The skin microbiota represents an ecosystem composed of numerous microbial species interacting with each other, as well as with host epithelial and immune cells. The microbiota provides health benefits to the host by supporting essential functions of the skin and inhibiting colonization with pathogens. However, the disturbance of the microbial balance can result in dysbiosis and promote skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). This review provides a current overview of the skin microbiota involvement in AD and its complex interplay with host immune response mechanisms, as well as novel t

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Park, Hee Jin, Ok-Yi Jeong, Sung Hak Chun, et al. "Butyrate Improves Skin/Lung Fibrosis and Intestinal Dysbiosis in Bleomycin-Induced Mouse Models." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5 (2021): 2765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052765.

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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Despite several studies on SSc treatments, effective treatments for SSc are still lacking. Since evidence suggests an association between intestinal microbiota and SSc, we focused on butyrate, which has beneficial effects in autoimmune diseases as a bacterial metabolite. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of sodium butyrate (SB) using a bleomycin-induced fibrosis mouse model of SSc and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). SB attenuated bleomycin-induced dermal and lung fibrosi

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Iliev, Iliyan D., and Irina Leonardi. "Fungal dysbiosis: immunity and interactions at mucosal barriers." Nature Reviews Immunology 17, no. 10 (2017): 635–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13535737.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The term dysbiosis has been used to describe disruptions of microbial communities that lead to a shift in steady-state composition that is distinct from that induced by infections. Recent work has suggested that, in addition to bacterial dysbiosis, fungal dysbiosis might contribute to the pathology of several immune-mediated conditions of non-infectious origin.Fungal dysbiosis is observed in human diseases affecting different barrier surfaces, including the mouth, vagina, skin, lungs and gut.The mucosal immune system can respond to changes in

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Iliev, Iliyan D., and Irina Leonardi. "Fungal dysbiosis: immunity and interactions at mucosal barriers." Nature Reviews Immunology 17, no. 10 (2017): 635–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13535737.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The term dysbiosis has been used to describe disruptions of microbial communities that lead to a shift in steady-state composition that is distinct from that induced by infections. Recent work has suggested that, in addition to bacterial dysbiosis, fungal dysbiosis might contribute to the pathology of several immune-mediated conditions of non-infectious origin.Fungal dysbiosis is observed in human diseases affecting different barrier surfaces, including the mouth, vagina, skin, lungs and gut.The mucosal immune system can respond to changes in

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Costa, Flavia G., and Alexander R. Horswill. "Overcoming pH defenses on the skin to establish infections." PLOS Pathogens 18, no. 5 (2022): e1010512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010512.

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Skin health is influenced by the composition and integrity of the skin barrier. The healthy skin surface is an acidic, hypertonic, proteinaceous, and lipid-rich environment that microorganisms must adapt to for survival, and disruption of this environment can result in dysbiosis and increase risk for infectious diseases. This work provides a brief overview of skin barrier function and skin surface composition from the perspective of how the most common skin pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, combats acid stress. Advancements in replicating this environment in the laboratory setting for the study

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Skowron, Krzysztof, Justyna Bauza-Kaszewska, Zuzanna Kraszewska, et al. "Human Skin Microbiome: Impact of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors on Skin Microbiota." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (2021): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030543.

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The skin is the largest organ of the human body and it protects the body from the external environment. It has become the topic of interest of researchers from various scientific fields. Microorganisms ensure the proper functioning of the skin. Of great importance, are the mutual relations between such microorganisms and their responses to environmental impacts, as dysbiosis may contribute to serious skin diseases. Molecular methods, used for microorganism identification, allow us to gain a better understanding of the skin microbiome. The presented article contains the latest reports on the sk

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SINGH, TEJ PRATAP, Victoria Lovins, Lucas P. Carvalho, Edgar M. Carvalho, Elizabeth Grice, and Phillip A. Scott. "Regulatory T cells control Th1 responses to sustain bacterial immunity and skin barrier function." Journal of Immunology 208, no. 1_Supplement (2022): 58.03. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.58.03.

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Abstract Commensals actively contribute to homeostasis in the skin, but a perturbation of the skin bacteria leading to a dysbiosis often promotes increased inflammation. How regulatory mechanisms control the degree of inflammation associated with a dysbiosis is unclear. Here we used a Staphylococcus aureus isolate from Leishmania braziliensis patients to study the regulation of the host immune response in the skin and its consequence during cutaneous leishmaniasis. Topical colonization with S. aureus induced type 17 responses with minimal skin inflammation. Analysis of Foxp3+ Treg cells reveal

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Guermazi, Dorra, and Elias Guermazi. "Post-COVID Gut Dysbiosis and Its Role in Persistent Skin Disorders: A Gut–Skin Axis Perspective." COVID 5, no. 4 (2025): 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5040048.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to persistent complications beyond the respiratory system, with emerging evidence highlighting the role of gut dysbiosis in long COVID. Given the established gut–skin axis, alterations in gut microbiota post-COVID-19 may contribute to persistent dermatologic conditions such as eczema, acne, and rosacea. This review explores the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 disrupts the gut microbiome, leading to systemic inflammation and skin disease. Furthermore, it examines potential interventions, including probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary modifications, as microbiome-targ

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Prajapati, Disha P., and Tanvi R. Dodiya. "A REVIEW ON SKIN MICROBIOME: NOVEL STRATEGY IN COSMETICS." International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 12, no. 3 (2021): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.120382.

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Human skin is the largest organ composing a complex ecosystem harbouring different types of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and mites that are together known as the skin microbiome. These organisms play an important role in communicating and instructing the cutaneous arm of the immune system to keep the skin healthy. Diet, hormonal imbalance, lifestyle, use of medications and cosmetics have been reported to influence the composition of skin microbiome. These factors can sometimes cause an imbalance in the microbiome leading to a condition known as ‘dysbiosis’. This disruption c

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Kubica, Malgorzata, Falk Hildebrand, Brigitta M. Brinkman, et al. "The skin microbiome of caspase-14-deficient mice shows mild dysbiosis." Experimental Dermatology 23, no. 8 (2014): 561–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/exd.12458.

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Zhang, Meiling, Ziwei Jiang, Dongqing Li, et al. "Oral Antibiotic Treatment Induces Skin Microbiota Dysbiosis and Influences Wound Healing." Microbial Ecology 69, no. 2 (2014): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-014-0504-4.

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