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Journal articles on the topic 'Skin plasty'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 24 June 2025

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1

Anastasova, V., P. Kiskinov, A. Georgiev, et al. "Z-Plasty – Basic Surgical Technique for Post-Burn Patients." Acta Medica Bulgarica 52, no. 1 (2025): 21–28. https://doi.org/10.2478/amb-2025-0004.

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Abstract Background In the majority of patients, the consequences of burns often require surgery due to complications like contracture. Various surgical techniques are employed for correction, including free skin grafting, local tissue plasty, and free flaps. This study focuses on Z-plasty as a surgical technique for correcting scar deformities after burns. Materials and Methods We treated 84 patients with burn consequences. Z-plasty was the main method for 67 patients, while 17 patients received Z-plasty combined with other techniques: 11 with split-thickness skin grafts, 4 with non-free skin plasty, 1 with a combination of Z-plasty, tissue expander, and local tissue plasty, and 1 with two different Z-plasty sites. Results Early complications occurred in 8 patients. One case resulted in inflammation and dehiscence of the plasty. In 6 cases, partial lysis of the vertices of the triangles was observed, which healed spontaneously. Conclusions Despite some early complications, Z-plasty proves to be a successful treatment method for scar deformities post-burn. The results are generally satisfactory, demonstrating the efficacy of this technique in most cases.

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2

Miura, M. S., and M. N. Rios. "Z-plasty for skin complications of bone-anchored hearing aid implantation." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 129, no. 6 (2015): 604–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215115001012.

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AbstractBackground:The bone-anchored hearing aid implantation technique is associated with post-operative skin reactions, which require conservative therapy and, in some cases, replacement of the abutment. Z-plasty is a technique that allows resection of the granulation tissue, thus ensuring that disease-free skin will be in contact with the abutment.Case report:Use of the Z-plasty technique for resection of the peri-abutment granulation tissue is described. In the case presented herein, the episodes of skin reaction became very frequent and the patient was unable to use his bone-anchored hearing aid for 2 to 3 days a week. We opted for surgical treatment with Z-plasty for management of the skin complications.Conclusion:Use of the Z-plasty technique is recommended for the management of skin reactions associated with bone-anchored hearing aid implantation.

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3

Myerson, Mark S., Paul Fortin, and Pierre Girard. "Use of Skin Z-Plasty for Management of Extension Contracture in Recurrent Claw- and Hammertoe Deformity." Foot & Ankle International 15, no. 4 (1994): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079401500410.

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Nine patients with recurrent metatarsophalangeal joint extension contracture after clawtoe or hammertoe procedures were treated with Z-plasty skin closures as part of the revision surgical procedure. The indication for performing the Z-plasty was the presence of scar contracture in the skin that prevented satisfactory correction of the toe. Soft tissue release of the metatarsophalangeal joint was followed by a simple dorsal skin Z-plasty transposition. Patients were evaluated 1 1/2 to 6 years after revision surgery. No recurrence of the extension contracture had occurred.

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4

Ayupov, R. Kh. "Treatment of children with thermal skin lesions." Kazan medical journal 82, no. 6 (2001): 455–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj84429.

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We analyzed data on 508 children with thermal lesions of the skin treated in the surgical department from 1996 to 1998. In 29 of them, various forms of autodermoplasty were used (free split-skin plasty - mesh, flap, Italian plasty).

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5

Crawford, ME, and GL Dockery. "Use of Z-skin plasty in scar revisions and skin contractures of the lower extremity." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 85, no. 1 (1995): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-85-1-28.

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A discussion of the design and use of the Z-skin plasty to revise scars and lengthen skin contractures of the lower extremities is presented. One of the most commonly used rotational flaps to alter scar direction or relieve tension on the existing scar or skin, the Z-plasty can also be the most difficult to perform and carries a high risk of flap loss if inaccurately planned or poorly placed. Several variations of the standard procedure and examples of common usage are presented.

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6

Micheli-Pellegrini, Valerio. "Doberman's Ear Tip Plasty." American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 13, no. 3 (1996): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074880689601300308.

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The techniques of nasal-tip correction include preservation of an intact caudal segment of cartilage as a complete strip and vertical interruption of the cartilaginous arch, with or without preservation of the underlying vestibular skin, as an interrupted strip. This technique can be performed with either the nondelivery (transcartilaginous, retrograde) or the delivery approach. The “Doberman's ear” technique has both the advantages of the complete strip technique with the delivery approach and the suture stabilization of the columellar pillar as in the Goldman tip, preserving the underlying vestibular skin as in the “butterfly” (Ponti) operation.

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7

Bark, Samantha E., L. Marie Keplinger, and Andrew J. Meyr. "Precise Intraoperative 60° Skin Z-plasty." Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery 49, no. 2 (2010): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jfas.2009.08.008.

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8

Sadykova, R. R., and D. V. Ryzhevsky. "Reconstructive plastic surgery for congenital telecanthus using the z-plasty method. Clinical case." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 3 (June 1, 2022): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2022-3-132-136.

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Purpose. Evaluation of the effectiveness of Z-plasty according to Limberg on the example of a clinical case of a patient with congenital telecanthus. Material and methods. Patient M., 9 years old, applied to the branch with complaints of overhanging skin folds in the medial corner of the eye. Limberg's Z-plasty was chosen as the method of removing telecanthus, which was the most preferable. The observation period was 8 months with postoperative ophthalmological examination and photodocumentation. Results. Elimination of blepharoptosis, shortening of the distance between the medial ligaments of the eye, elimination of the skin fold in the medial corner of the eye and a slight increase in the distance between the upper and lower eyelids were achieved, which gave the look a more natural anatomical shape. Conclusion. Z-plasty according to Limberg is an effective method of surgical treatment for congenital telecanthus. Keywords: telecanthus, medial eyelid ligament, Z-plasty.

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9

B, Golder,, Kabir, H, and Sohelullah, M. "Z-Plasty with Skin Grafting for Post-Burn Contracture - Study of 30 Cases." Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 10, no. 8 (2022): 1194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2022.v10i08.005.

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Introduction: Postburn contracture is a very common problem in case of undertreated and neglected cases of burns involving the flexor surface of joints of limbs. Satisfactory treatment of postburn contracture needs surgical excision of scar followed by Z-plasty. In case of a severe contracture of joints, Z-plasty is combined with skin grafting for the tension-free treatment of post-burn contracture. Methods: The study was conducted in Sadar Hospital, Sunamgonj and several private clinics in selected districts during the period from 2008 to 2020. Thirty (30) patients with contractures involving flexor surface of Elbow, Knee, and Metacarpophalangeal joints of hands of mild to severe degrees and various durations were treated with Z-plasty plus Split thickness Skin grafts. The operated limbs were immobilized with POP casts. Perioperative Parenteral Antibiotics were prescribed along with adequate Analgesics, Autiulcerants and vitamins, and proper nutrition. Both the operative sites (Recipient and donor areas) were examined by check dressing after the 7th to 14th postoperative days. Result: 5 and 12 patients had complications like infection, flap tip necrosis, and recurrent contractures respectively. But overall results were satisfactory in terms of joint extension, mobility, cosmetic appearance, and patient satisfaction. Very naturally in case of severe contractures, full correction was not possible by single-stage operation. Conclusion: Tension-free flap must be used in patients with mild to severe contractures. Combining skin Grafting with Z-plasty is easy and has better results than Z-plasty alone. It is recommended in patients of Z-plasty with intraoperative flap tension.

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10

Aasi, Sumaira Z. "Z-Plasty Made Simple." Dermatology Research and Practice 2010 (2010): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/982623.

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A Z-plasty is a critical and reliable technique that is useful for scar revisions and correction of free margin distortion. A Z-plasty can help lengthen a contracted scar, change the direction of a scar so that it is better aligned with the relaxed skin tension lines, or interrupt and break a scar for better camouflage. This article will review the technique of a basic Z-plasty as well as provide case examples of its use in free margin distortion and scar revision.

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11

Mylarappa, Prasad, Sandeep Puvvada, Arvind Nayak K, and Ramesh D. "Evaluation and outcome of M plasty for the management of doughnut scrotum." Journal of Clinical Urology 10, no. 4 (2017): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051415816686762.

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Introduction: Penoscrotal transposition is a rare anomaly of the external genitalia. They can be classified as complete or incomplete based on degrees of positional exchange between the penis and the scrotum. Both forms are known to be associated with hypospadias and multiple surgeries are required for complete correction. Most surgeries performed for the correction of penoscrotal transposition involve making a complete circular incision around the root of the scrotum, which often results in massive penile lymphoedema and often delays the correction of hypospadias. The M plasty technique can prevent the incidence of lymphoedema by preserving the dorsal penile skin. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of M plasty for the correction of penoscrotal transposition. Materials and methods: Sixteen patients underwent M plasty for incomplete penoscrotal transposition. An ‘M’-shaped incision was made at the base of the scrotum and the scrotal halves were dissected and brought down posterior and caudal to the penis and sutured primarily. Results: All patients showed excellent cosmetic results. There was minimal postoperative oedema with no vascular compromise to penile or scrotal skin. Conclusion: M plasty is an excellent technique for the correction of penoscrotal transposition. The low incidence of penile lymphoedema could be attributed to the preservation of the dorsal penile skin. This procedure provides an excellent cosmetic appearance and also allows for early correction of hypospadias.

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12

El Mazouz, Samir, Abdelmoughit Echchaoui, Jaouad Hafidi, Nour-eddine Gharib, and Abdellah Abbassi. "IC plasty for reconstruction of axillary defect." Journal of Surgical Dermatology 6, no. 1 (2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/jsd.v6.i1.157.

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<p align="left">Reconstruction of axillary defects following surgery or trauma has always been a significant challenge for plastic surgeons. A variety of reconstruction options are available, including directed cicatrization, skin grafts and local flaps, but all of these procedures may allow skin contracture and leave unsightly scars.</p>

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13

Song, Yijun, Yatong Li, Chuan Xia, et al. "Use of Tissue Expansion and Serial Z-plasty for Release of Neck Postburn Scar Contracture." Journal of Burn Care & Research 40, no. 6 (2019): 966–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irz134.

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Abstract Z-plasty is widely employed in plastic surgery and its mainly functions include elongation along the axis of the scar, dispersal, and realigning the scar within the lines of minimal tension. It is especially useful to release linear-scar contracture, yet difficult for wide scars. Here, we described a technique of tissue expansion followed by serial Z-plasty for several cases of severe postburn scar contracture. In this procedure, first, full expansion should be achieved in the tissues adjacent to the contracture by tissue expansion. Then, the serial Z-plasty technique with precise trimming and adjustment is performed with adequate tension-free skin to release the contracture. Over a period of 2 years from 2015 to 2017, this technique was employed in moderate or severe postburn scar contracture in four patients (1 male and 3 females) aged 14 to 40 years old. The size of contracture ranged from 5 to 27 cm in diameter. Improved appearance and excellent skin match was observed in our four patients. All patients healed uneventfully without any complications and no patient required revision surgery. The range of motion, short form-36 health survey and Vancouver Scar Scale indicated that this technique offered a durable skin coverage with satisfying appearance in these patients. Through the outcomes of our patients, tissue expansion followed by serial Z-plasty has a great potential to be a useful alternative for the treatment of scar contracture especially for contracture adjacent to cervical joints.

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14

Sadkeyev, A. M. "Using Voskopran bandage for island plasty (a clinical case)." Public health of the Far East Peer-reviewed scientific and practical journal 94, no. 4 (2022): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33454/1728-1261-2022-4-25-29.

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15

Horch, Raymund E., Joerg Schipper, and Roland Laszig. "Retroauricular skin flap and primary Z-plasty for donor site closure in partial ear reconstruction." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 117, no. 6 (2003): 487–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002221503321892352.

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Helical rim defects are noticeable and may well need reconstruction, especially in men. A method for reconstructing this type of defect together with primary donor site closure by Z-plasty is described.To close partial helical rim defects, a retroauricular caudally based rotational skin flap is performed to cover a conchal cartilage graft from the same ear that is harvested first and sutured into place to remodel the helical rim. To primarily close the donor site defect a retroauricular Z-plasty was developed which easily allowed primary closure of the donor site.The technique described here is straightforward, safe and reproducible. The Z-plasty approach for closing the donor site is useful, since the slight disturbance of the hairline is well hidden retroauricularly. This technique can be considered as a single-stage repair modality for the reconstruction of helical rim defects within primary donor site closure.

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16

Vikhriev, B. S., E. A. Bautin, L. I. Belonogov, et al. "New directions in the surgical treatment of deep burns." Kazan medical journal 69, no. 3 (1988): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj97290.

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Until recently, the main methods of surgical treatment of deep burns remain plasty with split skin grafts and skin and fat flaps on a temporary or permanent feeding stem (Indian, Italian, stalked, counter triangular flaps). The use of various modifications of dermatome plasty makes it possible to save the lives of many burned people doomed to death in the past. However, the disadvantages inherent in the above methods of dermatoplasty do not allow us to fully implement a saving and restorative approach in treating deep burns and their consequences, in particular burns of IV, IIIB degrees, localized in functionally active areas of the body, and deep burns with an area greater than 30% of the body surface.

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17

Grishin, I. G., I. V. Goncharenko, V. G. Golubev, et al. "Simultaneous Combined Surgical Interventions with Use of Microsurgical Technique for Treatment of Severe Limb Injury Sequelae." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 3, no. 3 (1996): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto101783.

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The authors elaborated new tacktics for simultaneous combined reconstructive operations in patients with severe limb injury sequelae. Experience included 268 patients, aged 13-56, who underwent microsurgical operations for restoration of injuried fragment of the limb. The total number of interventions was 589; altogether 474 tendons (169 patients), 277 nerves (194 patients), 76 arteries (114 patients) were restored. For the correction of secondary neurogenic deformity of fingers and wrist (170 patients) 200 operations were performed. In 50 patients plasty with free vascularized skin-bone grafts was carried out. In 22 patients free skin (18 cases), skin-fascial (2 patients) or skin-tendenous (2 patients) plasty was carried out. In 13 patients total elbow joint replacement using Sivash implant, in 3 patients total replacement of metacarpophalangeal and in 1 patient - matatarsophalangeal joints was performed. In 4 patients transposition of broadest muscle of the back was performed due to sequelae of severe damage of shoulder area or elbow joint. Good and satisfactory results were obtaained in 87.6% of cases.

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18

Long, Xiaohui, and Huahui Zhang. "The Application of Reverse Z-Plasty Design in Medial Canthal Skin Redundancy Reconstruction Surgery." JSM Head and Face Medicine 4, no. 1 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47739/2578-3793.headface.1015.

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19

CITRON, N., and A. HEARNDEN. "Skin Tension in the Aetiology of Dupuytren’s Disease; a Prospective Trial." Journal of Hand Surgery 28, no. 6 (2003): 528–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(03)00221-3.

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Tension in the palmar fascia has been proposed as a factor causing Dupuytren’s disease. If tension does stimulate the growth of new Dupuytren’s tissue, relieving longitudinal tension should reduce the recurrence rate following surgery. Thirty patients with palmar Dupuytren’s contracture of a single ray that affected only the metacarpophalangeal joint were divided into two groups. Both groups had a fasciotomy: one group through a transverse incision that was closed directly and the other through a longitudinal incision with Z-plasty closure. Half the patients (seven of 14) who had direct closure had recurrence at 2 years as compared to two of the 13 in the Z-plasty group. The trial was stopped at the interim analysis stage due to the high recurrence rate in the first group. These results are consistent with the tension hypothesis for the aetiology of Dupuytren’s disease.

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20

Isomiddinov, Z.D. Aliboev M.R. "TREATMENT OF SCARRING DEFORMATIONS AND CONTRACTURES OF LARGE JOINTS OF THE FOOT BY TRADITIONAL SURGICAL METHODS." THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES 2, no. 1 (2023): 195–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7540822.

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We have shown the results of treatment of patients with soot complications in the large joints of the foot by traditional surgical methods. For this, 99 patients were selected and included in the control group. In the control group, 3 types were performed, dermatome skin grafting in 23 (23%) of 99 patients, local tissue and Limberg method Z-plasty in 34 (34%) and clot plasty in 42 (42%) patients underwent surgery. 15 (15.2%) of these patients have scars deep and attached to underlying tissues, and 4 (26.7%) of them have open wound foci.

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21

Bouch√©, RT. "Distal skin plasty of the hallux for clubbing deformity after total nail loss." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 85, no. 1 (1995): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-85-1-11.

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The author provides a comprehensive review of clubbing deformity and its clinical manifestations after total nail procedures of the hallux. Conservative and surgical treatment is presented with a distal skin plasty procedure described in detail.

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22

Kochkin, A. D., F. A. Sevryukov, D. A. Sorokin, et al. "A method of penile skin plasty for large oleogranulomas." Urology and Andrology 4, no. 3 (2016): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/2307-6631-2016-3-35-40.

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23

Liu, Huxian, Nanze Yu, Jun Shi, Xiaochun Hu, Xiaojie Lv, and Yan Han. "A New Modified S-plasty for Skin Defect Closure." Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 39, no. 1 (2014): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00266-014-0423-2.

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24

Ohsumi, Noboru. "A New Skin Suture Technique for Multiple Z-Plasty." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 96, no. 7 (1995): 1713–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199512000-00030.

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25

Basok, Stanislav M., Pavel S. Kyzlasov, Alexandr P. Kobzarev, Sergey K. Sagradov, and Elena Yu Dolbilkina. "Surgical treatment of blunt trauma (fracture) of the penis with damage to the urethra." Urologicheskie vedomosti 8, no. 4 (2019): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/uroved8433-36.

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This case comprised treatment of a patient with penile injury involving damage to the urethra. Revision of the penis, suturing defects of the tunica cavernous membrane, and primary suture of the urethra were performed. The postoperative period was complicated by necrosis of the skin of the penis, requiring repeated surgical intervention. Replacement plasty of the skin of the penis, using skin from the outer surface of the thigh, was performed with a satisfactory result.

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26

CERQUEIRO-MOSQUERA, J., and A. N. M. FLEMING. "The Bilobed Flap: A New Application in the Reconstruction of Congenital Thumb Deviation." Journal of Hand Surgery 25, no. 3 (2000): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.2000.0377.

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Congenital radial angulation deformity of the thumb in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is generally corrected by a wedge osteotomy of the delta phalanx and a redistribution of the overlying skin using a Z-plasty or, rarely, skin grafting. We describe a new application of the bilobed flap in the reconstruction of the thumb and discuss its advantages over traditional methods in providing tension-free skin cover, excellent access to the delta phalanx and aesthetically acceptable scars.

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27

Bogdanov, S. B., V. A. Aladina, S. N. Kurinniy, A. V. Polyakov, A. N. Blazhenko, and M. L. Mukhanov. "To the anniversary of Krasovitov plastic surgery with detached skin flaps – from creating a method to current relevance." Innovative Medicine of Kuban, no. 2 (June 20, 2021): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.35401/2500-0268-2021-22-2-72-77.

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The article describes the life path of a famous Kuban surgeon Vkadimir K. Krasovitov. The historical aspects of the creation of full-layer skin plasty technique according to Krasovitov are presented, the relevance of its use in our days is analyzed, and the development of new types of skin autoplastics is presented. In addition, the author describes the history of candidate dissertation of V.K. Krasovitov's, as well as the monograph ‘Primary plastic surgery with rejected skin flaps’.

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28

Kitsenko, Yury E., D. D. Shlyk, I. A. Tulina, D. R. Markaryan, and P. V. Tsarkov. "EFFECTIVENESS OF GLUTEUS MAXIMUS FASCIA PLASTY FLAP FOR CLOSURE OF WOUND IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PILONIDAL DISEASE." Medical Journal of the Russian Federation 24, no. 5 (2018): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2106-2018-24-5-233-236.

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Aim: to compare short- and long-term results of primary midline closure and gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty after pilonidal sinus excision. Method: retrospective analysis included consecutive patients who had primary and recurrent pilonidal sinus excised. Patients with gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty formed 1st group, patients with primary midline closure formed 2nd group. Gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty technique: (i) separation in lateral directions of both gluteus maximus fascia from muscle and subcutaneous tissue; (ii) mobilised fascia flaps are brought together to midline and sutured; (iii) subcutaneous fat and skin sutured. Results: 60 patients operated in 2007-2016 were included: 28 in 1st group, 32 in 2nd group. Groups 1 and 2 didn’t differ in operation time (41.9±4.0 and 37.3±3.1 min, p=0.4), blood loss (6.9±0.5 and 8.3±1.6 ml, p=0.2), draining rate (7.1% and 12.5%, p=0.5), hospital stay (11.8±1.3 and 9.1±1.0 days, p=0.1), time to complete wound epithelialization (1.2±0.2 and 1.5±0.4 months, p=0.37). Mean follow-up was 20.7±3.2 and 53.8±6.5 months respectively. Recurrence rate was significantly lower in gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty group (3.6%) than in the 2nd group (21.9%, p=0.04). Conclusion: gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty after pilonidal sinus excision is feasible, doesn’t increase postoperative complications rate and leads to a lower recurrence rate compared to midline closure.

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29

Demmer, Wolfram, Andreas Frick, Rüdiger G. H. Baumeister, et al. "Reconstruction of Chronic Soft Tissue Mallet Fingers: Outcomes of Step-Plasty vs. Purse-String Suture." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 9, no. 3 (2024): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9030144.

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After failed conservative therapy or in the absence of any intervention, a rupture of the digital subcutaneous extensor tendon at the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, known as mallet finger, may lead to a chronic extension deficit due to excessive scarring and tendon elongation. Various surgical techniques to restore the extension of the distal phalanx have been proposed, but an optimal approach has not yet been established. To tighten the extensor tendon, a purse-string suture can be applied. Although it has shown efficacy, it can result in significant bulging and scar formation. Using the “abbreviato” technique, the elongated part of the extensor tendon is excised, and the tendon is re-sutured. Also, tenodesis has been described, particularly in pediatric cases. In this retrospective follow-up study, we aimed to investigate if the step-plasty procedure previously described by Baumeister provides comparable, if not superior, functional and aesthetic outcomes compared to existing techniques for patients with chronic mallet finger. In this retrospective study, a consecutive series of 68 patients with chronic mallet fingers was enrolled. Patients were treated surgically using step-plasty of the respective extensor tendon. After skin incision and tenolysis, the elongated extensor tendon was incised in a Z-like fashion and stepwise resected in the transverse portion of the Z. The functional and aesthetic effects of this step-plasty technique were compared with results of 44 patients previously treated using purse-string sutures of the extensor tendon and evaluated using Crawford’s and Levante’s criteria. In all patients undergoing the step-plasty procedure, the extension deficit was significantly reduced from an average of 42 degrees preoperatively to 11 degrees postoperatively. In contrast, the control group treated by purse-string sutures showed a slightly higher postoperative extension deficit of 15 degrees. According to Levante’s criteria, the results of our step-plasty procedure were significantly better than those achieved with purse-string sutures. Our study demonstrated that the treatment of older or chronic subcutaneous extensor tendon ruptures using the step-plasty technique led to a significant reduction in extension deficits. According to Levante’s criteria, the postoperative outcome was significantly better in comparison to the purse-string suture technique. Additionally, no skin resection was required to improve the extension capability of the distal finger joint, compared to established surgical procedures.

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30

Green, S. M., and P. J. Briggs. "A reversed Z-plasty skin incision for Achilles tendon reconstruction." Foot and Ankle Surgery 8, no. 4 (2002): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9584.2002.00340.x.

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31

Chen, Yueh-Bih Tang, Tai-Ju Cheng, Ho-Hsiung Lin, and Yuh-Shih Yang. "Spatial W-Plasty Full-Thickness Skin Graft for Neovaginal Reconstruction." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 94, no. 5 (1994): 727–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199410000-00027.

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32

Sharma, Nitin, Shipra Sharma, Mini Sharma, and Hemant Sharma. "Neonatal Giant and Open Neural Tube Defects: Challenges and Lesions Learnt." Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences 18, no. 3 (2023): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpn.jpn_143_22.

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Abstract Background: Management of large/open neural tube defects (NTDs) is challenging and outcome is demanding. Aims: To analyze the outcomes in giant NTDs. Materials and Methods: The data between June 2017 and September 2022 were analyzed. Those with incomplete data, not giving consent or lost to follow-up, were excluded. All underwent closure using primary closure, Z plasty, or rhomboid flap. Dura closure was achieved with native dura augmented with thoracolumber fascia. The outcome was analyzed with respect to duration of surgery, blood loss, requirement of Z plasty for closure, wound infection, blackening of the flaps, cerebrospinal fluid leak, and features of sepsis. Result: 164 out of 243 cases formed the study group. Mean age at presentation was 4 days (range 0–28 days). Mean duration of surgery was 2 days (range 1–3 days). Mean operating time was 1.15 hours (range 0.45–3.15 hours). Hydrocephalous was present in 146 cases and all required ventriculo peritoneal shunt. Lower limb paraplegia and spasticity were present in 63 and 23 cases. Skin closure was achieved by primary closure in 23, double Z plasty in 76, and rhomboid flap in 65 cases. Wound infection and blackening of flap were seen in 13 and 1 case in double Z plasty and 6 and 7 cases in rhomboid flap group, respectively (P = 0.7). cerebrospinal fluid leak was seen in 8 cases. Wound dehiscence and sepsis were seen in 10 and 28 cases, respectively. Conclusion: Management of large defect requires adequate planning. cerebrospinal fluid shunting and flap/Z plasty are often required.

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Bahakim, Abdullah, Martine Francois, and Thierry Van Den Abbeele. "Congenital Midline Cervical Cleft and W-Plasty: Our Experience." International Journal of Otolaryngology 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5081540.

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Objectives. Congenital midline cervical cleft (CMCC) is a very uncommon congenital anomaly of the midline anterior neck, and although it has very pathognomonic features (including nipple-like protuberance), it could be mistaken for other congenital neck lesions, such as thyroglossal duct cyst and branchial apparatus anomalies. Thus, it represents a challenging diagnosis. In this 21-patient series, we discuss the clinical features of CMCC, its pathophysiology characteristics, and its modalities management. Material and Methods. We conducted a retrospective chart review of children presenting with CMCC at our institution, between January 1998 and January 2016. Results. Twenty-one patients were identified with CMCC. Ages ranged between 1 day and 14 years. The length of the lesion varied from 0.5 to 5 cm, and the size of the skin tag varied from 0.2 to 1.5cm. No other significant associated anomalies were found. Surgery was the mainstay treatment, and no recurrence was found. W-plasty was used in most patients to close the defect. Conclusion. With a little more than 200 published cases, our series represents the largest series worldwide. The lesion is usually isolated, and no further investigation is required. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, with complete excision being usually curative. It should be treated at an early age to prevent complications. In our experience, W-plasty was a good alternative to the most commonly used Z-plasty, in skin closure, with respect to both aesthetic and functional results.

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THURSTON, A. J. "Conservative Surgery for Dupuytren’s Contracture." Journal of Hand Surgery 12, no. 3 (1987): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681_87_90183-5.

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The trend towards conservativism in the management of Dupuytren’s contracture has resulted in less radical surgery than was previously advocated to release disabling contractures of the fingers. 38 cases of Dupuytren’s contracture in the palm have been treated by Z-plasty of skin and underlying contracted band without fasciectomy. Proximal interphalangeal joint contractures were treated by fasciectomy and skin closure with Z-plasties as required. Only one of 16 patients reviewed after two years had evidence of recurrence. Skin compliance has been measured and a return to near-normal levels was found in all but the one patient with a recurrence.

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Thurston, A. J. "Conservative Surgery for Dupuytren’s Contracture." Journal of Hand Surgery 17, no. 6 (1992): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-7681(92)90209-k.

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The trend towards conservativism in the management of Dupuytren’s contracture has resulted in less radical surgery than was previously advocated to release disabling contractures of the fingers. 38 cases of Dupuytren’s contracture in the palm have been treated by Z-plasty of skin and underlying contracted band without fasciectomy. Proximal interphalangeal joint contractures were treated by fasciectomy and skin closure with Z-plasties as required. Only one of 16 patients reviewed after two years had evidence of recurrence. Skin compliance has been measured and a return to near-normal levels was found in all but the one patient with a recurrence.

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Biswas, Mridul, and Samrat S. Sahoo. "Post-injection quadriceps contracture treated with horizontal distal Z quadricepsplasty: A Case Report." Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 14, no. 2 (2024): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/jocr.2024.v14.i02.4260.

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Introduction: Post-injection quadriceps contracture (PIQC) is a rare disease entity nowadays as the route of injection has been changed from intramuscular to intravenous. Many types of quadricepsplasty were described with different complications. Case Report: A 5-year 6-month-old boy was presented with right quadriceps contracture which was managed with distal horizontal Z quadricepsplasty and immobilization with a slab in an early post-operative day. After 4 weeks of static quadriceps exercise, then range of motion exercises was started. Conclusion: PIQC is a rare entity and can be treated successfully with horizontal z plasty. Knee range of movement can be achieved without any significant extension lag and skin complications. Keywords: Quadricepsplasty, quadriceps contracture, horizontal z plasty, post-injection, children.

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Nuraeva, Aygul B., Lyalya A. Musina, and Evgeniy M. Gareev. "Alloplant biomaterials as postburn skin scarring inhibitors." Ophthalmology journal 10, no. 2 (2017): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ov10222-28.

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Allotransplants for eyelid frame plasty by “Alloplant”® may facilitate recovery of eyelid anatomical position and function and prevent postburn scar tissue traction. Purpose of the study. To determine the level of fibrogenic factors after skin burn wound treatment with Alloplant biomaterials in experiment. The tissue level of TGF-β1 and FGF-1 fibrogenic factors was detected immunohistochemically in 84 Wistar rats treated with Alloplant biomaterials for skin burn wounds. It was established that the tissue level of fibrogenic cytokines reduced significantly after treatment with allogenic biomaterials that leads to inhibition of fibroblast proliferation and prevents excessive collagen synthesis. At tissue reparation, allogenic biomaterials inhibit coarse scar formation.

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Kumar, P., P. C. Thomas, and K. G. Bhaskara. "Correction of Constricted Ear : A Simple Technique." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 34, no. 01 (2001): 009–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1778547.

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SUMMARYA simple technique of correction of constricted ear utilizing standard basic principles of plastic surgery is described. Lengthening of the helical lim was achieved byv-y plasty, reconstruction of antihelical fold by Converse-Mustarde procedure and correction of drooping of the upper part of ear by excision of planned amount of skin from superior part of post auricular sulcus.

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Abid Hussain, Zahid Iqbal Bhatti, Munwar Ali Siyal, Muhammad Kashif, Nasima Iqbal, and Syeda Amber Zaidi. "Z-plasty in post-burn contracture of hand among pediatric patients." Professional Medical Journal 30, no. 02 (2023): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2023.30.02.7066.

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Objective: To find out the frequency of hand burn and the effectiveness of Z-plasty in post-burn hand contractures. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, Sialkot. Period: January to December 2021. Material & Methods: A preformed proforma was used, consisting of 4 parts, the first part including demographic data like age and gender, second part consist of patient’s history, consisting of presenting complaint, its duration, past history of any medical or surgical illness or comorbidity. Third part consisted of physical clinical examination of the hand (fingers and palm) while fourth part was for post-operative complications of reconstructive procedure, Z-plasty. The data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version-20. Results: The most commonly affected age group was less than 6 years of majority of them, 53.3%, were male. The most common cause was thermal burns as compared to electrical burns. Among 91.1% of the participants, the right hand was affected more. Majority of the cases (48.9%) reported single finger burn, followed by multiple fingers (31.1%) and very few (20%) were having palm burns. Segregating the single figure, results showed that little finger was affected in 20% of cases No post-operative complications, like skin necrosis, wound dehiscence, hematoma or infection, were noted. Conclusion: It can be concluded that post-burn hand contractures and hand deformity was common among children. Z-plasty with/without skin grafting is an ideal surgical management to subside the contracture of hand.

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Fistal, E. Ya, A. G. Popandopulo, V. V. Soloshenko, et al. "About the effectiveness of cell technologies in extensive soft tissue defects plasty." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 22, no. 3 (2020): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma50540.

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Abstract. Fetal fibroblast culture transplantation results were evaluated in the treatment of 18 burn victims. Comparison group consisted of 18 burn patients received medical care without cellular technologies utilization. The main comparison parameters in the study groups: the timing of the first stage of autodermoplasty; the number of autodermoplasties during the treatment; hospitalization duration; the newly formed epidermis area estimation. Fetal fibroblast culture transplantation in burn patients with extensive skin defects was performed on average 14,883,56 days after the injury. The timing of the first stage of autodermoplasty did not differ in the main and control groups, not exceeding an average of 19,122,01 days (p=0,48). An average of 2,710,67 surgeries using cell technologies performed in patients of the study group. The use of fetal fibroblasts culture in patients with extensive skin defects reduces the need for autodermoplasty by 1,6 times due to the granulation tissue formation and the epidermal growth beginning 7 days after and complete epidermal formation 14 days after transplantation. Regenerative medicine technologies utilization in patients with extensive skin lesions is possible and appropriate. Due to the fetal fibroblasts culture transplantation a kind of temporary biological coating is formed in the wound. It accelerates the wound healing process phase change from exudation to proliferation and the preparation of skin defects for autodermoplasty, expanding the possibilities of effective patients treatment.

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Huang, Qilin, Haipeng Liu, and Shengqing Lü. "A simple skin flap plasty to repair tracheocutaneous fistula after tracheotomy." Chinese Journal of Traumatology 18, no. 1 (2015): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjtee.2014.09.002.

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Greenhalgh, D. G., and T. L. Palmieri. "The Pre-Emptive Z-Plasty to Prevent Skin Graft Seam Contracture." Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation 23 (March 2002): S71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004630-200203002-00062.

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Amatullah, Nida’ Fahima, and Iswinarno Doso Saputro. "A CASE REPORT: EARLOBE RECONSTRUCTION ON CONGENITAL AURICULAR LOBE DEFECT USING Z-PLASTY." Jurnal Rekonstruksi dan Estetik 9, no. 1 (2024): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jre.v9i1.54622.

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Highlights: Congenital ear defects typically result from growth failures during the fifth to ninth weeks of gestation or from mechanical stress during this period. Auricular lobuloplasty using the Z-plasty flap technique effectively addresses earlobe defects, resulting in optimal aesthetic outcomes with no keloid formation, minimal scarring, and no complications. Abstract: Introduction: Earlobe defects, often due to embryonal growth failure or injury, can affect aesthetics and social interactions despite not impacting hearing. Earlobe defect can be formed either from birth as congenital defect or secondary manifestation of other causes such as tumor and external factor such as earring usage or trauma. This study aimed to address these issues by performing auricular lobuloplasty using a Z-plasty flap technique. The procedure, crucial for protecting the auditory canal and facilitating eyeglass use, was successful in achieving the desired aesthetic outcome. Data on microtia prevalence, particularly in Indonesia, highlights the need for such reconstructive surgeries. Case Illustration: A 9-year-old boy underwent auricular lobuloplasty to correct a cleft earlobe deformity, which caused social discomfort. The surgery, performed under general anesthesia, utilized a Z-plasty technique to lengthen and reorient the scar. Postoperative care included wound dressing changes and oral pain medication. After two weeks, satisfactory results were observed with no reported complications. Discussion: The study on congenital ear deformities focuses on Z-plasty for earlobe reconstruction, detailing classifications, surgical techniques, and case results. The surgery was successful with minimal scarring and no keloid formation. Using Weerda's classification, the technique showed minimal scarring and no keloid formation. The approach, emphasizing proper skin envelope and alignment with Langer lines, offers effective aesthetic restoration, making it a valuable reference for future earlobe reconstruction cases. Conclusion: Utilizing Z-plasty for earlobe defect reconstruction aids in improving the earlobe's appearance with minimal to no complications.

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Renukaswamy, Gayathri Mandya, Marlene A. Soma, and Benjamin E. J. Hartley. "Midline Cervical Cleft: A Rare Congenital Anomaly." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 119, no. 11 (2010): 786–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348941011901107.

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Objectives: A midline cervical cleft (MCC) is a rare congenital anomaly due to failure of fusion of the first and second branchial arches during embryogenesis. It may present as a midline defect of the anterior neck skin with a skin projection or sinus, or as a subcutaneous fibrous cord. This report evaluates the clinical features and surgical management of an MCC. Methods: We analyzed a series of 4 patients with an MCC successfully treated at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children in London. Results: Three male patients and 1 female patient between 4 and 11 months of age were found to have an MCC. Each patient presented with an erythematous, fibrous band of tissue extending between the chin and the suprasternal notch. Treatment comprised surgical excision of the lesion and Z-plasty repair. We present the embryology, common clinical presentation, investigations, differential diagnosis, and histology, along with a literature review, of this uncommon malformation of the anterior neck. Conclusions: An MCC is a differential diagnosis to consider when assessing a child with a midline cervical lesion. Early surgical excision with Z-plasty repair of the soft tissue defect is the treatment of choice to prevent long-term complications.

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Singh, Anupama, and Ankur Bhatnagar. "Correction of long-standing flexion contracture of digits with surgical release and distraction histogenesis." Indian Journal of Burns 31, no. 1 (2023): 4–10. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijb.ijb_2_23.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Longstanding contractures of the hand especially the digit significantly impair the function of the hand due to contracture of all the anatomical structures, including the skin, subcutaneous tissues, tendon sheath, tendons, and ligaments. The common mode of treatment like incision release and split skin graft (SSG) is not possible in long-standing contractures due to the risk of exposure to the tendon, neurovascular compromise of digits, and re-contracture. To avoid these risks and to correct the flexion contracture to get an extension of the digit without the requirement of the flap in long-standing postburn contractures of digits, we do the surgical release of skin and subcutaneous tissue and distraction histogenesis of the short or contracted tendons, ligaments, and neurovascular bundle. Materials and Methods: From June 2017 to June 2022, a prospective study was carried out at a single institute. Patients of all age groups and gender presented with long-standing (≥3 years old) severe postburn contracture. Single or two digits were included in the study. 16 digits in 15 patients with long-standing contractures were operated on by the surgical release of skin and subcutaneous tissue. The resultant skin defect was covered with either a split-thickness skin graft or multiple Z plasty as the broad scar or band-like scar was present respectively in the surrounding area. Contracture of the neurovascular bundle and tendons ligament and capsule was dealt with distraction histogenesis with the application of a distractor simultaneously. Results were assessed – improvement of range of motion (ROM) as excellent, good satisfactory at proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint (90–110), (60–89), (<59) at distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint (51–60), (41–50), (<40) metatarsophalangeal (51–60) (41–50) (<40) and improvement of flexion contracture. Results: The mode of burn injury was thermal burn in 53.3%, electric burn in 40%, and scald burn in 6.66% of patients. The mean duration of contracture of patients was 5 years and 2 months. All the patients presented with flexion contracture but one with ulnar flexion contracture, one with radial flexion contracture, and one dorsiflexion on the medial side at the great toe. Only PIP joints were involved in 62.5%, while PIP + DIP joints in 12.5% and DIP joints in 18.7%. Index finger and little finger each were 31.12% of patients. Z-plasty was done in 37.3% of patients, and SSG was covered in 62.6% of patients after the surgical release of contracture. Average days of distraction were almost equal in both Z plasty and SSG cover patients. In 50% of patients with Z plasty distraction time was <15 days. Failure of operation was in one patient where flexion contracture of the little finger at the PIP joint was only improved up to 30° and the patient developed re-contracture. Complete extension of digits was achieved in 75% of patients. Conclusion: For long-standing digital contractures-surgical release with the distraction histogenesis technique seems to be a reasonable option to obtain a satisfactory extension of contracted digits, good ROM, lesser complications, short hospital stay, preventing the risk of neurovascular compromise to fingers, exposure of tendons and without the need for any flap cover.

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Fleuryantari, Hastjarjo, Deni Noviana, Gunanti, and Erwin. "Profil hematologi pada kucing lokal selama proses kesembuhan skin flaps H-plasty dan linear closure." ARSHI Veterinary Letters 2, no. 2 (2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/avl.2.2.35-36.

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<em>Skin flaps </em>merupakan salah satu prosedur bedah rekonstruksi untuk penutupan luka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat profil hematologi selama proses kesembuhan luka menggunakan teknik <em>skin flaps H˗plasty</em> dan <em>linear closure </em>pada kucing (<em>Felis catus</em>). Pembuatan luka dengan luas 2x2 cm dilakukan pada daerah toraks 6 kucing lokal jantan sehat yang dibagi dalam dua kelompok teknik penutupan luka, <em>skin flaps</em> <em>H-plasty</em> dan <em>linear closure</em>. Pengambilan darah sebanyak 1 ml dilakukan secara aseptis pada <em>vena saphena</em> pada hari ke˗0 pra operasi, hari ke˗3, 6, 9, dan 12 pascaoperasi. Parameter pengamatan pada nilai sel darah merah (SDM), hemoglobin (Hb), hematokrit (Hct), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) dan trombosit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata SDM, hemoglobin, hematokrit, MCHC, dan trombosit tidak terjadi perbedaan yang signifikan (P&gt;0.05) antar kelompok perlakuan <em>H-plasty</em> dengan <em>linear closure</em>. Parameter MCV dan MCH menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (P&lt;0.05) antar kelompok perlakuan. Pengamatan rata-rata SDM, hemoglobin, hematokrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC dan trombosit menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (P&lt;0.05) diantara hari pengamatan. Kedua teknik <em>skin flaps</em> menunjukkan nilai rata˗rata profil hematologi yang fisiologis selama proses kesembuhan luka.

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Bajaj, Y., D. Dunaway, and B. E. J. Hartley. "Surgical approach for congenital midline cervical cleft." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 118, no. 7 (2004): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215041615074.

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This is a report of a case of a rare congenital midline cervical cleft and a description of the surgical approach.Congenital midline cervical cleft is a very rare developmental anomaly. It represents a failure of the branchial arches to fuse in the midline and presents at birth with a ventral midline defect of the skin of the neck. Associated clinical features could include mandibular spurs, cleft mandible, microgenia, thyroglossal cyst, cleft lip or bronchogenic cysts.The authors present a case of a midline cervical cleft that was diagnosed and managed at an early age. They discuss the clinical presentation and embryological development of this rare condition. The operative findings, surgical excision and repair of the long vertical defect by Z-plasty are discussed in detail.The authors report a very satisfactory result following excision and Z-plasty closure of this rare congenital anomaly.

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Kurbanov, G. B. "Possibilities for improving the results of surgical treatment of postoperative ventral hernias." Kazan medical journal 72, no. 2 (1991): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj105383.

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In order to improve the immediate long-term results of surgical treatment of postoperative ventral hernias, the abdominal cavity was prepared for increased pressure, special preparation of the skin in the area of the surgical field, local nutrition was supplied to the autodermal graft, and the optimal choice of the plasty method was carried out. The number of postoperative complications, relapses and postoperative mortality decreased.

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Afonichev, Konstantin Aleksandrovich, Maksim Sergeevich Nikitin, and Olga Anatolevna Kuptsova. "Treatment of post-burn secondary foot deformity." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 3, no. 2 (2015): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors3252-55.

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A case of simultaneous correction of severe post-burn deformity with limited movement in the ankle joint, subluxation and contractures in the metatarsophalangeal joints in a 3-year old child is presented. Excision of scar tissues, tendinous plasty, capsulotomy of involved joints were performed. To close the defect, a full-thickness skin graft was used. In two years, no signs of recurrence were observed.

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Topuzov, M. E., O. V. Stetsik, S. M. Basok, P. V. Kustov, and O. A. Abinov. "Extensive penile skin necrosis after surgery for Peyronie's disease." Vestnik Urologii 9, no. 4 (2021): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-4-142-146.

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The clinical case represents the surgical correction of postoperative complications in a patient with Peyronie's disease. The patient underwent flap corporoplasty using an autovein. The late postoperative period in the patient was complicated by extensive necrosis of the penile skin, which required repeated surgery as follows. The first stage of surgical treatment was performed by excision of necrotic tissues of the penile skin. Within 10 days of the postoperative period, chymotrypsin with an ointment containing dioxomethyltetrahydropyrimidine with chloramphenicol was applied to the penile wound surface to prepare the wound for subsequent skin autotransplantation. Further, within 5 days, the polymeric drainage sorbent «Aseptisorb DT» was applied to the wound surface until the wound was cleansed and granulation tissue was formed. The second stage of the surgical treatment performed penile skin replacement plasty with a free perforated skin graft taken from the patient's femoral surface.

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